托福词汇第1课
托福口语专项词汇

托福口语专项词汇一、教育类。
1. curriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm](n. 课程)2. assignment [əˈsaɪnmənt](n. 作业;任务)3. lecture [ˈlektʃə(r)](n. 讲座;讲课;v. 开讲座;讲课)4. tutorial [tjuːˈtɔːriəl](n. 辅导课;指南;教程;adj. 辅导的)5. semester [sɪˈmestə(r)](n. 学期)6. grade [ɡreɪd](n. 成绩;等级;年级;v. 评分;分等级)7. discipline [ˈdɪsəplɪn](n. 学科;纪律;训练;处罚;v. 训练;处罚;使有纪律)8. compulsory [kəmˈpʌlsəri](adj. 必修的;强制的;义务的)9. optional [ˈɒpʃənl](adj. 可选择的;选修的)二、社交类。
1. acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns](n. 熟人;相识)2. friendliness [ˈfrendlɪnəs](n. 友好;友善)3. hospitality [ˌhɒspɪˈtæləti](n. 好客;殷勤)4. party [ˈpɑːti](n. 聚会;政党;当事人;v. 为…举行社交聚会)5. get - together [ˈɡet təˈɡeðə(r)](n. 聚会;联欢会)6. socialize [ˈsəʊʃəlaɪz](v. 交往;社交;使社会化)7. clique [kliːk](n. 小集团;派系;私党)8. acquaintance - making [əˈkweɪntəns ˈmeɪkɪŋ](n. 交友;结识)三、文化类。
1. heritage [ˈherɪtɪdʒ](n. 遗产;传统)2. custom [ˈkʌstəm](n. 风俗;习惯;海关)3. tradition [trəˈdɪʃn](n. 传统;惯例)4. festival [ˈfestɪvl](n. 节日;庆祝活动)5. ceremony [ˈserəməni](n. 典礼;仪式)6. art [ɑːt](n. 艺术;美术;技艺)7. literature [ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)](n. 文学;文献)8. music [ˈmjuːzɪk](n. 音乐)四、工作类。
托福听力真题及答案

托福听⼒真题及答案托福听⼒是⼀种对考⽣听⼒的考核⽅式。
是⼀般是两到三个部分,每个部分由⼀段对话和两个讲座,每个部分需要听的录⾳⼤约是20分钟,答题时间是10分钟,下⾯是⼩编收集推荐的托福听⼒真题,仅供参考,欢迎阅读。
2015年10⽉11⽇托福听⼒真题讲座1 哲学holism和reductionism的区别(两个学术研究的不同⾓度)⽤ants举例,先说D:每个ant有⾃⼰的task,每个⼩的part都发挥⾃⼰的作⽤。
教授下结论,看了individual的作⽤可以predict整体的作⽤。
再说H:解释整体的作⽤并不单纯个体作⽤的叠加,类似1+1>2。
即整体作⽤更⼤。
提到leader的作⽤。
再说蚁群有queen,但是queen主要是lay eggs⽽不是organize。
讲座2:植物学botany 讨论动物觅⾷与物种多样性,整个⽂章对⽐polar region与tropical region的动物。
Polar:⼀个动物吃多种⾷物,⽽且还migration,就是因为可以吃的东西选择少,不diverse,这些动物可以被称为generalist,举例foxTropical:动物可以吃东西选择多,⽽且climate stable所以吃⼀种就⾏,这样避免了animals之间的competition。
这些动物是specialist。
举例黄⽑的⼀个动物。
讨论这两种情况呢的利弊:tropical只吃⼀个,要是被吃的那个消失了,就会导致extinction。
说其实⼈类并不是extinction的主要原因,但是⼈类造成的harm也需要考虑,⼈类需要意识到⾃⼰⾏为的后果。
对话2:学⽣服务场景student和employee at theater的对话。
学⽣要买票,因为⽗母来了,要看看什么play可以看。
Employee说可以看哈姆雷特,同时推荐了season ticket给她,并告诉她三个好处:1. Cheep,因为有discount2. 可以卖extra ticket,但不保证座位在⼀起,因为这两部分票是分开卖的,⼥⽣说没有关系。
托福对话场景词汇

Vocabulary (Conversation)Course1.office hour 办公室时间2.semester 学期3.department/faculty院系4.curriculum (单数)/curricula (复数)课程5.required/compulsory/obligatory course必修课6.core course 必修课, 基础课程, 重点课程7.core curriculum基础课程8.elective/optional course 选修课9.elective (Am.E)/option (Br.E) 选修课10.major course 专业课,主课11.major subject 主科12.discipline 学科13.introduction 入门课程14.introductory course 入门课程15.intro-to-(course) 入门课程16.intro course 入门课程17.basic-level course基础课程18.preliminary list 初步课程目录19.elementary/intermediate/advanced level初级/中级/高级(课程)20.summer session 暑期课程21.course requirements 课程要求22.syllabus 教学大纲23.major in…专业是…24.English literature major 英语文学专业生25.non-science major 非理科专业学生26.arts 文科27.science and technology 理工科28.graduate course 研究生课程29.bird course 轻松的课程*30.add a course 在原有课程上加上新课程31.register for a course 注册一门课程32.enroll in/on a course 报名课程33.sign up for a course 报名参加课程,选课34.accept more students 接受更多的学生35.be overwhelmed by 负担过重的,不知所措的36.be swamped with负担过重的37.have quite a heavy load课业负担沉重38.drop a course/class 退课39.get out of the class 退课40.cancel a class 退课41.quit a class 退课42.retake 重修43.check back查阅记录44.keep up/catch up 跟得上(进度)45.have a hard time keeping up 难跟得上46.challenging 富有挑战性的47.easy grade好拿的分数(e.g. Just give mesome easy grade!)48.sold up 课程学生已满49.plenty room 课程有足够的空位50.take the prerequisite满足选课的先决条件51.special course 专业课程52.evening class 晚班53.practical issue 现实问题te start course 晚开始的课程55.mailing address 邮寄地址56.fulfill academic requirement 满足学术要求57.major field 专业领域58. a warning flag 警告59.academic record 学习成绩,成绩单60.advisor’s approval导师许可61.sign (vt.)签名62.signature (n.)签名63.put through 批准通过64.special add form 特殊加课申请表65.permission to register允许注册66.transfer 转(学),转(专业)67.(technical) term 术语,技术名词68.qualified 有资格的(be qualified for)69.TA: teaching assistant 助教70.get through: 读完,消化完,理解71.go off on/at tangents/getsidetracked/wander off the topic/wanderoff the topic 跑题72.learning experience 学习经历73.correspond with/to一致的(a workbookthat corresponds with the textbook与课本同步的练习册)74.be weak in/do poorly in 在某方面做得不好75.grade 成绩,打分76.credit 学分77.dean/principal 院系主任78.first year student/freshman大一新生79.sophomore 大二学生80.junior大三学生81.senior 大四学生82.tutor 导师83.hall/lobby大厅84.lecture hall阶梯教室,讲演厅,报告厅b/laboratory实验室86.tough decision艰难的抉择87.pick挑选88.make an enquiry/inquiry about/enquireabout/inquire about询问89.credit course学分课程90.non-credit course 非学分课程91.distance education远程教育92.diploma 毕业文凭93.teleconferencing远程会议94.deliver递送Assignment1.appointment预约2.assignment/class work/school work 作业3.paper (发表或宣读的)论文4.paper [US]/essay [UK] 短论文(作业论文)5.history paper 历史作业论文6.term paper 学期论文7.thesis (硕士) 论文,学位论文8.dissertation (博士) 论文9.proposal论文的开题报告10.project 课题11.term project 学期课题12.research paper研究报告13.research project研究项目14.book report 读书报告b report 实验报告16.fieldwork 实地考察17.field trip 实地考察旅行18.presentation 课堂展示,课堂演讲19.slide幻灯片20.due date/day 截止日21.deadline 最后期限,截止日22.get an extension 获得作业延期23.cheating 作弊24.plagiarism (n)/plagiarize (vt.) 剽窃25.be put on probation 被留校察看26.expel 开除27.incomplete 未修完28.draft草稿29.edited version 修订版30.final verision终稿31.a ton of/tons of 大量的32.revise vt. 修改33.rewrite重写34.tangential: less important35.distract the main argument 使论点不集中36.stick to the topic 切题37.break them out into separate paragraphs给它们分段38.hard copy打印版,复印文本39.soft copy电子档40.research data调查数据41.input输入42.overtired过度疲劳43.stressed (out)压力大的44.rushing against the clock忙碌45.cover the entire process of writing aresearch paper涵盖研究报告写作的全过程46.selecting topic选择性题目47.final format最终格式48.hand in/turn in/submit提交49.submission (n.) 提交50.final grade 期末分数51.broad (话题)宽的52.narrow down the topic缩小题目53.proposed topics推荐的论文选题54.make a comment评论55.the most frequent problem最常见的问题56.preliminary outline初步提纲57.final outline最终提纲58.no more than two pages long不得多于2页59.thesis statement论点60.precise statement精确的陈述61.conclusion总结62.available可利用的63.personal attention个人参与度64.rehearsal/rehearsing (n.)排练65.rehearse (vt.) 排练66.assimilate the information thoroughly完全吸收信息,理解透彻67.paraphrase意译68.capture the main idea抓住要义69.quote directly直接引用70.finalize the research paper完成论文71.pass it out in our classes传阅论文72.clear up the problem解决问题Exam1.cover (vt.) 涵盖(e.g. What's going to becovered on the test?/What’s going tobe on? 考试的范围是什么?)2.consult (vt.) 咨询,请教,查阅3.final/final exam期末考试4.midterm/mid-term/mid-termexam/mid-year exam期中考试5.cumulative exam 积累性考试(指的是上次考过的范围这次也要考)prehensive exam综合测试(指没有范围的考试, 通常是考一整本书或是好几本书)7.test/quiz 测验8.pop quiz 随堂测验9.open-book exam/close-book exam 开卷/闭卷考试10.exam schedule考试时间表11.test/exam paper 考卷(e.g. Please turn inthe tests. 请交卷。
托福tpo阅读重点词汇语境记忆1-智课教育旗下智课教育(精)

智课网托福备考资料托福tpo阅读重点词汇语境记忆1-智课教育旗下智课教育本文和大家分享的是托福tpo阅读重点词汇语境记忆1,供考生参考使用,希望考生能够认真备考,预祝考生能够考出好成绩。
托福tpo阅读词汇语境记忆。
亲爱的同学们,在做托福TPO阅读的时候,你是否被大量生词搞得晕头转向?很多学生初学托福阅读,看到不认识的单词会一个一个查字典,特别浪费时间。
很多同学因为不耐烦查单词,放弃或者延误了托福学习。
现在,为了节省大家的时间,为大家整理了TPO阅读的重点单词。
本文带来的是groundwater一起学学这些单词吧!托福之TPO阅读重点单词语境记忆,让记忆单词快速准确!第一篇groundwaterSaturate使充满,饱和,浸湿The market has been saturated with paintings like that.那种画充斥了市场。
Saturated steam饱和水蒸气Saturated solutio n 饱和溶液Abundant丰富的;大量的Rainfall is abundant in the regi on.该地区降雨量充沛。
Our country has a vast territory and abundant resources. 我国土地辽阔,资源丰富。
Soak渗透Let the clothes soak for a few hours in soapy water.让衣服在肥皂水里泡几个小时。
Before planting the bushes, soak the ground with water. 种这种灌木之前先把地面浇透。
In credible难以置信的;不可信的Some pla nets run at in credible speed.某些星球以难以置信的速度运行着。
The plot of this book is in credible.这本书的情节不可信。
新托福听力场景词汇

CONVERSATION1. 课程相关事务场景♦D iscussion讨论, presentation 发言topic题目, lecture演讲slide滑过,幻灯片library图书馆, collection聚集,收藏品,check in 报到,记录check out借,结账离开librarian图书管理员♦R eport报道, office hour办公时间,师生互动时间, submit上交on disk在磁盘上hard copy纸质版, soft copy电子文件, print打印, computer lab电脑室♦P roject课题,理科生作业tons of大量, cover 包括,写过,报导re-write 重写, research data研究数据database数据库, input输入output输出, , complete完成♦T erm paper,期末论文grade成绩, complicated复杂的, terrible mistake严重的错误, edited version编辑过的版本, overtired过于劳累的, rushing against the clock争分夺秒, mark标记,成绩, draft草稿, print打印, final paper,期末论文maintaining average维持平均, application申请, drop放弃re-take再上一遍, extension延期, discuss讨论, check back查阅记录, re-reading重读, submission服从,提交(物),投降♦e xam schedule考试日程表, term术语,学期(mid-term期中考试), date日期, book,预定department部门,系, invigilator监考人, sign up注册, sheet纸张,单bulletin board公告栏faculty lounge老师休息室, square广场, draft,草稿dean院系主任, review复习,评论, draw up起草, manually用手,手动的, consult商量,请教, register登记♦P hysiology 生理学, sophomore大二学生, junior student大三学生,senior student 大四学生,second year course大二课程, first year student一年级学生, transfer转学, begin my first lecture开始我的第一堂讲课, introduce介绍, approach接近,方法, laws of physics and chemistry物理和化学定理, process of life生命的过程, vital force生命力, philosophical approach哲学方法, scientific experimentation科学实验♦F inal exam期末考试, midterm期中考试, multiple choice question多选题, essay question问答题,论述题comprehensive exam综合题, subject科目, textbook教科书, class note课堂笔记the final will count for 50% of your grade期末成绩将占你总成绩的50%,research project研究科目, run into problems遭遇问题♦S chool bulletin board学校公告栏, required course 必修课,first year student一年级学生, third year student3年级学生, research paper研究论文, final format最终格式, hand in上交, assignment作业, final grade期末成绩♦different concept不同的观念, hand in上交, issue发出,发行,问题revision 修正,复习, proposed topics所推荐的题目make comment作出评论the most frequent problem很多频繁的问题, broad宽的, preliminary outline最初的纲要, schedule时间表, available可利用的, appointment约定, final outline 最终的大纲, no more than two pages long不超过2个页长,thesis statement 论文观点, precise statement明确的观点, conclusion结论♦W orkshop研讨会, intensive加强的, techniques and skills技术和技能, personal attention 个人的注意力, advantage优势♦C onsecutive summer接下来的夏季, community center社区中心, workshop 研讨会, beginning students初学生, advanced students高学生, last four weeks前四个星期, credit(学分,积分)is awarded给予学分, spring break 美国各大学的春季休息,春假♦D iscuss讨论, administer管理, attendance出席, optional class选修课2. 相关事务+专业讨论场景♦C ourse课程, summer session暑假课程, elective n.选修课程, bird course容易的课程, splendor光彩,显赫, lecture hall,演讲厅lab实验室, tough decision艰难的问题, pick选择,挖, choose选择, relaxed放松, advice劝告♦E nquiry询问, credit course学分课程, off-campus在校外, program课程, remote远程, access使用,进入, internet因特网, degree学位distance education远程教育, diploma毕业证书, requirement要求, format格式, printed materials打印材料, audio-tapes磁带, video视频, teleconferencing 电话对话的, deliver投递, cost花费, fixed date固定日期, history历史,历史学♦D rop降低,退(课)fail,不及格flunk不及格math 数学, rough粗糙的, test,试验med school医学院♦U se your advice使用你的建议, premed医学预科生, introductory course介绍课程, non-science major主修科学, be weak in在某一方面是弱项, do poorly in在某些方面较弱, meet at the same time遇见在同一时间, modern drama course现代戏剧课程♦S emester学期, enroll in登记, 注册graduate course研究生课程, qualified 有资格的, hard time keeping up有困难跟上, favorite interest喜欢的兴趣, challenging反对,挑战的,要求, easy grade 容易混学分的课程♦P ermission to register允许注册, take the prerequisite先决条件, the beginning course课程开始, catalog目录, instructor教员,指导书, previous experience以前的经验, formal training正式的培训, decision决定♦S ignature信号,签名, schedule card选课卡, advisor’s approval导师赞同, quite a heavy load相当沉重的负担, drop the course放弃课程, seminar讨论会♦S ign up for a noncredit course报名没有学分的课程, intermediate level中级的水平, regular meeting定期的会议♦T ransfer转学, bachelor’s degree学士学位, associate degree, selectives选择性的, letters of recommendation推荐信♦H ard course艰难的进程rehearsal练习,训练, extra time额外的时间, once a week一星期一次♦F light program飞行计划,license执照, excellent reputation极好的声望3. 迟到旷课场景♦f eel good感觉好, point out指出, chapter章,回textbook课本, divide分开, project课题, focus重点, due到期的show up显示出, transcribe抄写,email电子信函♦o versleep睡过头, talk about谈论关于♦l ecture series讲座系列, attend出席,照顾,致力于, admission允许,录取♦f ill me in something: to tell sb about recent events,esp because they havebeen away from a place♦e g. You’d better fill me in on what’s been happening.dentist牙科医生, emergency紧急情况,非常时刻, missed somebody’s lecture错过某人的演讲, note笔记,记录,注意, make sense能说的通sense of humor/achievement/responsibility幽默感/成就感/责任感4. 转学场景♦g rad school 研究生院,public university公立的大学, private university私人的大学, community college社区学院, reputation名声class size班级大小, personal attention个人注意力, individual attention特别, interact互相影响, group discussion讨论团体, tuition学费,讲授, expense消费,开支, cost 花费, afford提供, affordable负担的起, location位置, environment环境, large city大城市, small town小城镇, college town学院城镇, top student顶尖学生, application申请,应用, experience经历,经验, special特别的,专车,特刊5. 实验室场景♦L aboratory实验室, research procedure研究程序, lab assistant实验室助手, retrieve information恢复信息, track the course追踪进程, monitor班长,监控,监视器, track the progress跟踪进度♦L ab instructor实验室教员, lab experience实验室经验, setup计划,设置,机构, equipment设备, result结果,产生, grade成绩, lab notebook实验室手册, proper precautions预先措施, protective goggles护目镜, toxic effect of chemicals化学品有毒的影响, lab procedure实验室程序, heavy metal重金属♦W orkbook工作手册,练习本, material重要的,材料, experiment尝试, available可利用的,有效的6. 图书馆场景♦L ibrary图书馆, spread out伸展出去, focus焦点, jam拥挤,果酱, spot地点,认出,恰巧, crowd人群,拥挤, comfy舒服的,轻松的,comfirm证实,far away 遥远的♦f inish完成,结束, renew更新,重申,renew a book续借, library card图书馆卡, late最近的,晚的;晚, mixed up使混合, request请求, fine罚款, overdue 过期的, pay工资,付, process处理,过程, sign符号,签名, suspend推迟,使暂停, privilege优待borrowing privilege借书特权(延长借书的时间)♦L ibrarian图书管理员, facilities设备, reference room资料室, reference material参考资料, dictionary字典, bibliography参考书目, literature guide文学指南, telephone book电话本, periodical room期刊室, newspaper报纸, magazine杂志, academic journal学术期刊, current issue现期刊物, back issue过期发行物, card catalog卡片目录, listed by title通过标题列出, by author and by topic依据作家和题目, call number电话号码♦R eturn返回,报答, shelves架子,check out借, reserve book预定书籍, overnight use 只出借一夜(的书)♦s econdhand bookstore二手书的书店, inscription题词,刻印, front cover封面,机壳前盖, signature签名,信号, poetry book诗卷♦p aperback section平装部分, index索引搜索♦e xit gate大门出口reserve预订,储备, additional copy额外的副本, article 物品,文章7. 课堂内容讨论场景♦b ursary大学奖学金,财务办公室, department部门,系, financial aid财政的援助, monetary财政的, grant授予,同意, determine决定, committee委员会, donor捐赠者, apply for申请,请求, financially金融上, in need在需要, consider认为, out-of-town城外的, requirement要求, website网站, on-line 上线, official官方的,官员, document文件, in person亲自,外貌上♦S cholarship学问,奖学金, available可利用的,有效的, maintain维持, average平均的, mark标记, apply for申请,请求, applicant申请人, committee委员会, honor信用,荣誉, award奖品, candidate候选人, weight 重量, guarantee担保, grade point average (GPA)平均分数, percent百分比, website网站, address地址, rigorous严格的, extra-curricular课外, hardship 困苦, achievement成就,完成, letter of recommendation推荐信, fill满足,被充满, time consuming job耗时的工作, recommend推荐, eligibility合格,适任, enrollment入学,注册8. 论文场景♦O rganize组织, essay小论文topic题目, chosen选择,精选的, broad宽的, narrow it down沿着狭窄的, compare比较, focused专心的,聚焦, interested 感兴趣的, begin开始,首先, discussion讨论, opinion意见,主张, fact实际, support支持, check检查, statistics统计学, percentage百分率, include包括, words语言,字, rough draft草稿, break down打断, subtopic小标题, reference 引用,参考,证明, material题目,主题,一般规则♦R esearch paper研究论文, discuss讨论, theory理论,推测, work progress工作进度♦R eport报告, subject科目, catalog目录, published source已发布的资料, gather material收集材料♦I nformation信息, plagiarize抄袭, failing grade失败的成绩, gather收集, assimilate the information thoroughly彻底地吸收信息, paraphrase释义, capture the mian idea获得主意, quote directly直接地应用, finalize the research paper完成研究论文♦D raft草稿, clear up the problem澄清这一问题9. 实地考查场景♦L ist列表, supply供给, on site, kit装备,工具箱, notebook笔记本, axe斧, glove 手套, instrument工具, measure测量,程度,尺寸, clean使干净,打扫, cancel 取消, weather天气,露天的, clothes衣服, outside外部的,在…范围之外, food 食物, snack小吃, transportation运输, transport运输, dig挖♦T rip leader旅行领袖, participate参与,分享,分担, report报告, field trip野外旅行10. 体育运动场景♦S pring cycling season春天骑自行车的时节, regular hobby一般嗜好, physical fitness routine日常健身例行要做的事, bicyclist骑脚踏车的人, expert riders熟练的骑手♦E ndurance test忍耐力测验, recreational cyclists娱乐骑自行车的人, racers比赛者♦S ki patrol滑雪巡逻队, ski patroller滑雪巡逻员, safety安全♦P hysical education class 体育课, rock climbing攀登岩石, rope绳, belt地带, buckle扣住, safety equipment安全设备,游玩场景♦B reak休息,打破,突变, racket球拍, reserve a court预定一个球场♦R ock concert摇滚音乐会, vacation假期,搬出, weather天气,露天的,风化11. 打工场景♦S ummer break暑假, excellent opportunity极好的机会, practice练习, dilemma 困境, difficult decision困难的决定, plan计划, volunteer志愿者, NGO (nongovernmenal organization)民间组织, chance可能性,机会, share分享, interesting有趣的, spend花费, accept同意, program程序, interview面试, company公司, application申请, apply for申请, money钱, advice建议♦T ough艰苦的, stressed有压力的,紧张的, dread可怕的, cram for the exam 临时抱佛脚(为准备考试)part-time兼职, balance平衡, hit the book k书, energy活力, tired疲倦的, sconsolation安慰, get through到达,做完, fondness爱好♦A nnouncement通告, hire租金,工钱,出租, part-time assistant兼职助理, experience经历, daily每日的♦L aboratory assistant研究室助手, fill out an application填一张申请表, fit into my schedule(将某事)安排进我的时间表♦V ariety of job opportunities多样的工作机会, responsible for有责任的, volunteer志愿者, service服务,维修, postions are open空缺的职位, link of service维修环节, career training职业培训, demand physical endurance需要身体的忍耐力, receive no salary没有薪水收到, pay for living expense支付生活开销, housing and food allowance住房和伙食补助, additional information 额外的信息♦I nternship实习, career opportunities事业机会, working experience工作经历, short term experience简短的学期经验, permanent employment永久就业full-time专职的,全日制的, academic credit学分, supervise管理,指导,监督, hand out分发, career advisory service职业咨询服务, living expense生活开销♦R un奔跑,管理,经营, marathon马拉松赛跑, motivator动力, inspire鼓舞, positive积极的, sponsor保证人,赞助, tons of money许多钱,♦I ntroduce介绍, volunteer志愿者, salary薪水, ceremony典礼, alumni男校友12. 报到注册场景♦R egistration注册,登记,挂号, time时间, determine决定, first year student 一年级学生, mail邮件, designated date指定的日期, specific time特定的时间, admission letter 录取信(通知), average平均, previous以前的, session会议,学期,开会, pay支付, credit card信用卡, bank银行,岸, teller讲述者,计票员, confirmation slip确认错误, in person亲自♦R egistration注册, date日期,约会, newly admitted student最近承认的学生, undergraduate大学生, junior晚辈,大三学生, sophomore大二年级生, returning student回归生, senior高级的,年长的, check检查, pay attention专心, time时间,定期的, register注册,记录,登记, designated time指定的时间, pay支付, fee小费, financial aid财政的援助, financial officer财政的公务员, sponsor保证人,赞助, authorization letter认可信, on-line上线13. 校园生活场景♦m eal ticket 饭票,student card 学生卡,cafeteria 自助餐厅,move迁居,移动, accent口音,pod豆荚, international group国际团体, major主要的,成年人,主修, lucky幸运的, excellent极好的, booklet小册子, regulation规则,管理, rule规则,统治, conductive传导的, self-policed自身的治安, problem难题, allow允许, smoke烟, cook煮, plug插头, dryer烘干机, voltage电压, alarm警报, kitchen厨房, leftover残余物, clean-up day打扫日, hot water热水, meter 公尺, washroom洗手间, laundry facility洗熨设备, basement地下室, conserving energy保存能力, lounge area休息室, heat高温,压力, air-conditioning空气调节, storage area仓库, permit允许, hallway门厅, community space社区空间, prior notification优先的告示, safe安全的,保险箱, valuable有价值的, housekeeper管家, vacuum cleaner吸尘器, lock锁, key 钥匙, fire prevention equipment炉火预防设备, arrange安排, in advance预先,提前, religious propaganda宗教的宣传, dorm宿舍, furnishing:an article of furniture for the interior of a building, park公园,停放♦R oommate室友, dormitory宿舍,住宅的, unpacking our things取出用品, neat 优雅的,平滑的,齐整的♦H ousing office住宿办公室, living off campus在校外住宿, cost花费, rent租金,出租,租借, utilities实用工具, need a car to commute用一辆车的交换, noisy 响声,嘈杂的, peace and quiet安静♦W inter break寒假, dean院长,系主任, vacation arrangement假期准备, fill up the forms填满表格, heating cost暖气费,temporary accommodation暂时的住处♦H ousing director住宿主管, checkout procedure借出手续, leave for vacation 动身去度假, return your key归还你的钥匙, maintenance crew 物业, residence advisor宿舍舍监, pass around大约经过♦A partment公寓, dump倾倒,倒垃圾, functional功能的, noisy响声,嘈杂的14. 医院场景♦D iagnose诊断, patient’s illness患者的疾病, painful痛苦的, technological advance先行的技术, blood and tissue sample血液和组织样本, diagnostic techniques诊断的技术, detect diseases发现疾病, X rays X射线, side effect 副作用, uncomfortable不安的, endure pain忍耐疼痛♦M edical clinic and infirmary医院, nursing staff护理人员, get sick生病, a really bad cold重感冒, develop terrible coughs发生很糟糕的咳嗽, pneumonia肺炎, stay in the infirmary呆在医院, don’t feel well身体不好, rest more and skip a few classes休息和翘一些课, have medical excuse 请病假, emergency number紧急号码♦M odern medical facility近代的医学设施, health needs健康需要, dental clinic 牙医诊所, maternity ward产科病房, operating room(外科)手术室, special sugery特殊手术, surgeons外科医生♦S tudent Health Services学生健康检查部门, blood pressure(生理)血压, university nutritionists大学营养学家, processed foods加工食品, universityhospital大学医院♦P ain疼痛, discharge排放, slight earache轻微的耳痛, take it easy放轻松♦P revention阻止, symptoms症状, cough咳嗽, fever发热, chill寒心, flu流感, influenza流行性感冒, overtired累过头的, stressed out压得,累得喘不过气, virus病毒, sneeze打喷嚏,喷嚏, airborne virus靠空气传播的病毒, body’s resistance 身体抵抗力, ward off the flu避开流感, immune system免疫系统, fight off illness击退疾病, immunized免疫的,使免疫, vaccine疫苗,疫苗的, university health center大学健康中心。
托福阅读TPO13(试题 答案 译文)第1篇-Types of Social Groups_托福阅读

智课网TOEFL备考资料
托福阅读TPO13(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:Types of Social
Groups_托福阅读
重点单词查看全部解释
expectation [.ekspek'teiʃən] 想一想再看 n. 期待,期望联想记忆 X 单词expectation 联想记忆:
ex出+pect看+ation→期待,希望
security [si'kju:riti] 想一想再看 n. 安全,防护措施,保证,抵押,债券,证券
forbidden [fə'bidn] 想一想再看 adj. 被禁止的
commend [kə'mend] 想一想再看 vt. 推荐,嘉奖,把 ... 托付给
vi. 联想记忆 X 单词commend 联想记忆:
com共同,mend修改,改进-大家一起改进错误,这是多么值得称赞的举动啊!
social ['səuʃəl] 想一想再看 adj. 社会的,社交的
n. 社交聚会
interpret [in'tə:prit] 想一想再看 v. 解释,翻译,口译,诠释
tend [tend] 想一想再看 v. 趋向,易于,照料,护理
elicit [i'lisit] 想一想再看 vt. 引出,诱探出联想记忆 X 单词elicit 联想记忆:
e出,licit引一引出
cooperate [kəu'ɔpəreit] 想一想再看 vi. 合作,协力联想记忆 X 单词cooperate 联想记忆:
co共同,operate(v 操作)-共同操作-合作。
托福教案

托福教案第一课托福介绍教学目的:旨在学生了解托福考试模式,考试题型以及考试时间,地点教学重点难点:新托福分制与模式报名时间报名方式1.1托福基本概况TOEFL(The Test of English as a Foreign Language,简称TOEFL)是由美国教育测验服务社(ETS)举办的英语能力考试,全名为“检定非英语为母语者的英语能力考试”,中文音译为“托福”。
TOEFL有三种,分别是: pbt—paper based test 纸考 677, cbt—computer based test 机考 300, ibt—internet based test 网考 120, 新托福满分是120分。
2004年之前的toefl是用的PBT,也就是paper basic text,是toefl考试机构ETS对考试的形式做的巨大改变,现在你在国内考toefl是用计算机考试的,以前是paper text,题型也发生了很大的变化,如果你对自己的英语水平没有把握特别在听力和口语方面(IBT的难点)你可以去美国考PBT,全世界只有美国本土还保留着PBT。
2004年之后,国内基本采用新托福,即IBT考试。
现在,全球170多个国家和地区共设立了1700多个T0EFL考试中心。
至今为止,美国和加拿大共有2300多所院校规定,凡是外国学生申请到该校入学学习的,必须提供T0EFL,GRE,GMAT或TSE的某一项或两项标准化考试证明,只有达到学校所要求成绩的报考者,才能取得入学和申请奖学金的资格。
除了美国、加拿大等大部分国家的高等院校外,欧洲(如英国)、大洋洲(如澳大利亚、新西兰)以及东南亚一些国家和地区也都已承认TOEFL考试成绩。
近几年来,国内的联合国驻华机构和外企及合资企业在聘录用职员时,或国际基金组织在测试职员的英语水平时,也都采用TOEFL考试成绩。
1.2托福题型新托福由四部分组成,分别是阅读(Reading), 听力(Listening), 口试(Speaking),写作(Writing)。
托福听力词汇完整版

新托福IBT听力场景入学:enrollment/register 登记; 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼; 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议可指简单的毕业典礼orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman 大学一年级学生sophomore 大学二年级学生junior 大学三年级学生senior 大学四年级学生tuition fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的;一般的below average 低于平均水平的;差的结构及称谓:university- president 大学;校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院science/ arts school 理科/文科学院undergraduate 本科postgraduate /graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅/cafeteria.自助餐厅dining hall 食堂administration building 行政大楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂; 礼堂=lecture hallassembly n.集合;集会computer lab 计算实验室;机房选课学科major 主修 minor 副修science理科; arts文科; engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学micro-微 marin-海洋geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistic 语言学pedagogy 教育学;教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学课程类型required、 compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary; fundamental 初级Intermediate; secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课:Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与Otherssemester/term 学期 quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要exemption 免修Professor’s signature 教授的签字用于注册课程Course cap课程容量可以招收的学生数openings 可供注册的名额Take选课; drop 退课Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor; adviser 咨询者;顾问president 大学校长faculty 全体教职员dean 院长coordinator 班主任;协调人tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人作业:assignment 作业lab/book/oral/mix media report 实验报告project 项目survey 调查presentation 发言term paper 学期论文research paperthesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查questionnaire n.调查表; 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad 论文等内容宽泛narrow down 论文等缩小范围source 写论文的参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲; 提纲 roadmap bibliography n书目; 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲;陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试:mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam拿回家的开卷考试;一般有限定的时间open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价; 估价make up for补考;resit; retake重考grade mark 、score 分数成绩:perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和B B plus B加A minus A减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma; degree; certificate 文凭;学位;证书考试问题:分析成绩低的原因;给出解决办法图书馆:library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalog 图书目录classified catalog 分类目录title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书只能在图书馆内借阅library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理借、还手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架 vt.stacks 书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程Hypothesis 假说Alternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说; 零假说Collect dataSurvey 调查Questionnaire 调查问卷Experiment 实验Interfere; influence 打扰Observation 观察Analyze data 分析数据Interpret data 翻译数据Analysis 分析Analytical 分析的Subject 主题;科目;受制于…的SampleTreatment group 实验组Control group 实验对照组校内工作;课外活动及寻找经济援助:Letter of reference/recommendation 推荐信Competitive 竞争的Benefit future careerField research 实地调查研究Collect data for papers Waiter; waitress;Babysitter 临时保姆Work at the library Qualification资格; qualified合格的Resume; CV 简历financial aid经济援助Scholarship/Fellowship 奖学金Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Career service住宿:宿舍:accommodation n.住处; 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室;独立套间village 村落校内一栋一栋的房子;可以用做宿舍lounge n.公共大厅可以用做娱乐home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者;室友corridor n. 走廊;过道;租房lease n.租借; 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台; sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾; 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electricapplianceinstrument;equipment 电器heater; furnace 加热器;炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机 laundry 洗衣店utensil 器皿;用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱;烤炉dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机hot-water heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶fridgerefrigerator/freezer冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修;保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子;橱;箱子dresser bureau 梳妆台cabinet 电视机等机箱;储藏柜;陈列柜cupboard closet 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture 房屋固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belonging s个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土; soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze; froze; frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化 moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v.; erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment; deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration; tremor; 震动Wave 波动Volcano; volcanic 火山;火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸 explosionboom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselvesSlow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate 地球表面的构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer; strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的;始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射;放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配;再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen;Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除;彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔;海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的;gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates; Plato and Aristotle Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待;观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性; rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思;思考Judgment判断Just公正的;justice公正Justify证明; justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存;存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish 影响力减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义;主义;学说Idealism 唯心论;理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学;玄学Reconcile和解;调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac 星象学的星座planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星the largest asteroid and the first discoveredWhite dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse 日月食Wane; diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云an immense cloud of gas mainly hydrogen and dust in interstellar spaceNebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体 rock; ice; hydrogen; oxygenParticle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团;一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙;cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物;发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响;形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的;月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群;星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术舞蹈;电影;音乐etc. Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portraitportray v. 肖像; 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评;评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的;消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论;重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔;粉笔;颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式;模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅entrance hall Elevator n. 电梯Fa ade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪 527 Sofia-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听;试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐;弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦;和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱;记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn'kr mh :nn. 变号一种古双簧乐器Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人科homogeneous 同一种族种类的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate unearth 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹;废墟remains 遗迹;遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器 potterPorcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物;文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物;古董antiquity 古代;古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age 青铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agency Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌;病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacteriumpl.bacteria 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat ecolotion 蝙蝠声波定位snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout 动物的口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake; cobra眼镜蛇; rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴;snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweedegg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird; humming birdartery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪 ; paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物;恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretionn. secretev. 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味还有aroma fragrance scent smellgland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带;冻原funguspl. fungi 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algaepl. alga 海藻organism 有机物birch tree bark 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosyntheticadj. photosynthesisn. 光合作用lichen 地衣;苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins; such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast predict 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current 气流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp wet; moist; humid 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿;水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog mist 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour torrential rain 大雨tempest storm 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard snowstorm 暴风雪avalanche snowslide 雪崩precipitation 雨、露、雪等降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风;飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado twister; cyclone 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗;漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster calamity; catastrophe 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的;严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护;保存污染:pollute; pollution; pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish; garbage; trash; waste; litter处理: dispose of; burn; bury landfill;recycle; reduce; reuse;dump回收:glass; paper; water;milk carton牛奶盒; tyre; aluminium cans铝罐;plastic bags; rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装;throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas; coal; petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源; replace=substitute v.取代wind power; hydropower水电; solar lunar power太阳能; nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up; deplete; exhaust v. 用光;耗尽conserve v. 节省;节约;污染: water pollution; air pollution;soil pollution土壤污染;noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染;污点;玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟;气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎;盗猎; damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地;rare breed稀有物种; endangered species濒危物种; extinct adj.灭绝die out; disappear;animal rights activist动物权益保护者 ;natural reservegiant panda大熊猫自然保护区;protect wild life保护野生动物; preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的; devastation破坏;have disastrous effect on…对......有灾难性的影响危害植物:vegetation植被;deforestation森林消失tropical rain forest热带雨林landslide山体滑坡; mudslide泥石流危害环境:Landscape 自然风景carbon dioxide二氧化碳;acid rain酸雨erode腐蚀greenhouse effect温室效应worsening; deteriorate; deterioration恶化global warming全球变暖unleaded petrol无铅汽油其他:Green Belt绿化带genetically modified转基因的organic有机的battery farming圈养free-range farming放养农业Agricultural 农业的Aquaculture 农业Barn 谷仓Cotton 棉花Cultivate 种植Cultivation培养; 教养; 耕作Eggplant 茄子Fodder 饲料Granary 粮仓Greenhouse 温室Hay 甘草Horticulture 园艺Conservatory 温室Cowshed 牛栏Fertile 肥沃的Garlic 大蒜Graze 吃草;放牧Harvest 收割Haystack 干草堆Husbandry 耕种Hydroponics 水栽法Irrigate 灌溉Manure 肥料Pasture 大草场Plantation 种植Prolific 多产的Seedbed 苗床;苗圃Tractor 拖拉机Indigenous 本土的;土产的Livestock 家畜Orchard 果园Pigpen 猪圈Poultry 禽类Ranch 农场Silt 淤泥Weed 野草Arable land耕地Hectare公顷Crop庄稼;农作物Chemical fertilizer化学肥料Wheat小麦 oat燕麦 barley大麦Acre英亩Prospect前景Depopulation人口减少物理与化学Acceleration 加速Acoustics 声学Biochemistry 生物化学Cathode 阴极Combustion 燃烧Conduction 传导Deceleration 减速Dilution 稀释Distillation 蒸馏Element 成分Fluorescence 荧光Acceleration of gravity 重力加速度Anode阳极Calorie 热量Chemical reaction 化学反应Compound化合物Conservation of energy能量守恒Decomposition分解Direct current 直流Electrode 电极Expansion 扩张Frequency 频率Gasify汽化Isotope 同位素Magnet 磁铁Magnetism 磁性Newton’s law of motions Organic chemistry 有机化学Power能量Reagent 试剂Reflection 反射Resonance 共振Solidify 固化Inorganic chemistry无机化学Liquefy 液化Magnetic force 磁力Mechanics 力学Optics 光学Physics 物理学Radioactivity 放射性Reduction 还原Refraction 折射;曲折Sensitivity 敏感性Solution 溶解Test tube 试管Ultraviolet ray紫外线Vaporize 蒸发Voltage 电压Ultrasonic 超声Uniform motion 统一运动Volt 伏特Watt 瓦特。
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第1课如果想达到85分以上,词汇应该错6个以内。
Jump for the sun, at least you land on the moon. 目标定的高一点有好处。
4200单词要求对于4级考试,高三毕业是1800个单词。
我喜欢这里: I like here. Right: I like it here.I can succeed. Right: I can do it. I can make it.注意生活中的英语: Nike胜利女神。
Just do it.生活中的英语: Did you have a pleasant journey? (这时要用降调)I am very much frightened because a girl named Monika stands beside me. Oh, thank god! He’s not the president now. (我很害怕)I was just screwed up. (我一团糟)四级考试中常见的考察词汇的题型:I 押韵题型(押头韵、押尾韵);答案总在相似中,如果有三个一样,基本上就在其中了。
54. The rain was heavy and _A_ the land was flooded.A consequentlyB continuouslyC constantlyD consistentlycontinue v. 继续,连续; continually adv. 时断时续地; continuously adv. 连续不断地。
说不停的咳嗽时,continually是间歇的时断时续的咳嗽,continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。
consequently adv. 因此,所以;(heavy rain大雨, light rain小雨)constantly adv. 始终如一地,连续发生地;constant temperature 恒温consistently adv. 一贯地,一致地; consistent adj. consistent policy 一贯的政策。
36. I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you haven't seen before.A reviseB rewriteC revealD reverserewrite v. 重写,改写; revise vt. 修改,修正; reveal vt. 揭示,揭露;reverse vt. 颠倒,使反转,使反向。
(vers是词根,表示转动;re是前缀,表示向相反方向)42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.A preferableB considerableC possibleD availableperformance n. 表演,演出,演奏; perform vt. possible adj. 可能的动词后加able构成形容词通常表示“可…的” read -> readable accept -> acceptableconsider vt. 考虑; considerable adj. (数量或尺寸)相当大(或多)的。
preferable adj. 更好的,更可取的;available* adj. 可获得的,可利用的,可支配的。
(重点词)33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.A acceptableB applicableC advisableD availableliving expenses 生活费; acceptable adj. 可接受的;apply vt. 申请,应用; applicable adj. 可应用的,适当的,合适的;advise vt. 建议; advice n. 建议; advisable adj. 明智的,可取的。
54. It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A consistentB continuousC considerateD continualachieve unity through peaceful means 通过和平手段取得统一; consistent policy 一贯政策II 构词法题型(词的转化,合成,派生);构成符合形容词的名词和数量词一律用单数。
(见下面2个例题)31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention.A three-hoursB three-hourC three-hours’D three-hour’s267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.A two-thousand-wordsB two-thousands-wordC two-thousand-wordD two-thousands-words以ly结尾的不全是副词; friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively adj.考试中常见的否定前缀: un-、dis-、in-、im-56. _B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A DislikeB UnlikeC AlikeD Likinglike vt. 喜欢; dislike vt. 不喜欢,厌恶; unlike prep. 不象…;alike adj. & adv. 同样的(地),相象的(地); liking n. 爱好,嗜好;take a liking for喜欢…,对…产生好感。
III 近义词含义比较;44. There were some _A_ flowers on the table.A artificialB unnaturalC falseD unrealunreal adj. 不真实的(不是真实世界所拥有的,虚幻的); Ends justify means 不择手段;false adj. 具有欺骗性的,假的,伪造的; false coin/passport/hair,a false tooth/false teethunnatural adj. 不自然的,经常用来修饰人的行为举止,表示做作的,矫揉造作的。
artificial adj. 人造人为的 artificial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages.A lazinessB povertyC idlenessD inabilitylaziness n. 懒惰; poverty n. 贫穷; poor adj. 贫穷的;idleness n. 无事可做(中性,有时也有贬义含义); inability n. 没有能力,没有办法。
69. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _A_.A nuisanceB troubleC worryD anxietyinvade 进攻,侵略; nuisance n. (具体的)令人讨厌的东西; trouble n. 烦恼,麻烦,问题;worry n. 担心,发愁; anxiety n. 焦虑。
What a nuisance. 真是烦。
IV 搭配关系问题;extent n. 程度; to... extent 到达…程度,在…程度之上; extent 只能和to搭配。
object vi. 反对; object + to + 动名词(动词的ing形式)。
objection n. 反对; objection + to + 动名词(动词的ing形式)。
V 形相近,意相远;65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring.A lateB lastC latterD laterlate adj. 晚的,晚于通常时间的; late spring 晚春、暮春; last adj. 最后的,最终的;later adj. 更晚的(late的比较级)、时间概念后一半的;只适用于表示某个世纪的后半期;The later twentieth century. 二十世纪的后一半。
latter adj. (两者中)后者的; former adj. (两者中)前者的;59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market.A batteriesB bargainsC basketsD barrelsbattery n. 电池; bargain n. 特价商品;It’s really a bargain. 你真会买东西,不是说真便宜。
basket n. 篮子; barrel n. 桶; wonderful bargain 物美价廉的商品;bargain v. 讨价还价;53. Remember that customers don’t _D_ about prices in that city.A debateB consultC disputeD bargain-------------------------XXXX-XX-------------------------41. The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A afterB withC byD fromcause 事业; be named after 以…的名字命名;42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.A preferableB considerableC possibleD availablepreferable adj. 更好的,更可取的;358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.A Inferior toB Superior toC Prior toD Preferable to具有比较意味的形容词只要与介词to搭配即可表示其比较级。