科技雅思第二次课
剑桥雅思4test2reading2阅读全文解析
剑桥雅思4test2reading2阅读全文解析剑桥雅思4test2reading2阅读全文解析分享给大家。
本篇阅读内容讲述的是医学的科技类的文章，所以理解起来有一定的难度，对于一开始备考雅思阅读的烤鸭们来说可能就会感觉很受挫，但是只要大家认真分析，弄得词汇，还是会发现这类题还是有一定的攻克技巧的。
首先，我们一起来认识一下本文的一些生词和高频词，这里有比较详细的词汇注解，大家在做题的时候可以参考一下。
1. alternative二者择其一，另类的 ;alternative medicine另类医学，另类疗法2. Therapies治疗3. Acupuncture针刺疗法4. Orthodox正统的，传统的5. loath勉强，不情愿6. Prescribe规定，开处方7. hand in glove合作，勾结，亲密的8. herbal草药的，草本的 9. remedies补救措施，10. turnover流通量，营业额11. scientifically系统地，合乎科学地 12. Disenchantment醒悟，清醒，不抱幻想13. empirically以经验为主的 14.eroded侵蚀，消弱 15.chiropractor按摩师，脊椎指压治疗师, naturopath理疗家，自然治疗医师, osteopath整骨医生, acupuncturist 针灸医生，herbalist草药医生 16. Clientele客户，委托人 17. exodus大批离去 18. Concurs同意，一致19. bottom line要点，关键之处 20. musculo-skeletal肌肉骨骼 21. respiratory呼吸的，与呼吸有关的22. chronic慢性的，长期的 22. adjunct附属的，附属物了解了词汇大关，小编觉得就不得不说说长难句的分析。
下面小编为大家带来了3个相对比较有难度的句子进行分析，一起来看看吧：1.Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, according to Dr. Paul Laver a lecturer in Public Heath at the University of Sydney.难句类型：主系表结构(现在完成时态)+介词短语(in having……)做后置定语修饰主语，+插入语(according to……)难词注解：conservative保守的难句翻译：悉尼大学公共健康系博士Paul Laver在一次演讲中说到，澳大利亚不管是在自然医学和另类疗法中都持有非常保守的态度，因此它在西方国家中是与众不同的。
剑桥雅思阅读5test2翻译及答案
剑桥雅思阅读5test2翻译及答案雅思阅读是块难啃的硬骨头，需要我们做更多的题目才能得心应手。
下面小编给大家分享一下剑桥雅思阅读5test2原文翻译及答案解析，希望可以帮助到大家。
剑桥雅思阅读5原文(test2)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.BAKELITEThe birth of modern plasticsIn 1907, Leo Hendrick Baekeland, a Belgian scientist working in New York, discovered and patented a revolutionary new synthetic material. His invention, which he named ‘Bakelite,’was of enormous technological importance, and effectively launched the modern plastics industry.The term ‘plastic’ comes from the Greek plassein, meaning ‘to mould’. Some plastics are derived from natural sources, some are semi-synthetic (the result of chemical action on a natural substance), and some are entirely synthetic, that is, chemically engineered from the constituents of coal or oil. Some are ‘thermoplastic’, which means that, like candlewax, they melt when heated and can then be reshaped. Others are ‘thermosetting’: like eggs, they cannot revert to their original viscous state, and their shape is thus fixed for ever. Bakelite had the distinction of being the first totally synthetic thermosetting plastic.The history of today’s plastics begins wit h the discovery of a series of semi-synthetic thermoplastic materials in the mid-nineteenth century. The impetus behind the development ofthese early plastics was generated by a number of factors —immense technological progress in the domain of chemistry, coupled with wider cultural changes, and the pragmatic need to find acceptable substitutes for dwindling supplies of ‘luxury’ materials such as tortoiseshell and ivory.Baekeland’s interest in plastics began in 1885 when, as a young chemistry student in Belgium, he embarked on research into phenolic resins, the group of sticky substances produced when phenol (carbolic acid) combines with an aldehyde (a volatile fluid similar to alcohol). He soon abandoned the subject, however, only returning to it some years later. By 1905 he was a wealthy New Yorker, having recently made his fortune with the invention of a new photographic paper. While Baekeland had been busily amassing dollars, some advances had been made in the development of plastics. The years 1899 and 1900 had seen the patenting of the first semi-synthetic thermosetting material that could be manufactured on an industrial scale. In purely scientific terms, Baekeland’s major contribution to the field is not so much the actual discovery of the material to which he gave his name, but rather the method by which a reaction between phenol and formaldehyde could be controlled, thus making possible its preparation on a commercial basis. On 13 July 1907, Baekeland took out his famous patent describing this preparation, the essential features of which are still in use today.The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde (from wood or coal) were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle. The result was a resin known as Novalak which became soluble and malleable when heated. The resin was allowed to cool in shallow trays until it hardened, and then broken up and ground intopowder. Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton, which increase strength and moisture resistance, catalysts (substances to speed up the reaction between two chemicals without joining to either) and hexa, a compound of ammonia and formaldehyde which supplied the additional formaldehyde necessary to form a thermosetting resin. This resin was then left to cool and harden, and ground up a second time. The resulting granular powder was raw Bakelite, ready to be made into a vast range of manufactured objects. In the last stage, the heated Bakelite was poured into a hollow mould of the required shape and subjected to extreme heat and pressure, thereby ‘setting’ its form for life.The design of Bakelite objects, everything from earrings to television sets, was governed to a large extent by the technical requirements of the molding process. The object could not be designed so that it was locked into the mould and therefore difficult to extract. A common general rule was that objects should taper towards the deepest part of the mould, and if necessary the product was molded in separate pieces. Moulds had to be carefully designed so that the molten Bakelite would flow evenly and completely into the mould. Sharp corners proved impractical and were thus avoided, giving rise to the smooth, ‘streamlined’ style popular in the 1930s. The thickness of the walls of the mould was also crucial: thick walls took longer to cool and harden, a factor which had to be considered by the designer in order to make the most efficient use of machines.Baekeland’s inve ntion, although treated with disdain in its early years, went on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first half of the twentieth century. It became the wonder product of the new world of industrialsexpansion —‘the material of a thousand uses’. Being both non-porous and heat-resistant, Bakelite kitchen goods were promoted as being germ-free and sterilisable. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties, and consumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades, delighted that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the preplastic era. It then fell from favour again during the 1950s, and was despised and destroyed in vast quantities. Recently, however, it has been experiencing something of a renaissance, with renewed demand for original Bakelite objects in the collectors’ marketplace, and museums, societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of this innovative material.Questions 1-3Complete the summary.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.Some plastics behave in a similar way to 1……… in that they melt under heat and can be moulded into new forms. Bakelite was unique because it was the first material to be both entirely 2……… in origin, and thermosetting.There were several reasons for the research into plastics in the nineteenth century, among them the great advances that had been made in the field of 3…………a nd the search for alternatives to natural resources like ivory.Questions 4-8Complete the flow-chart.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 4-8 on your answer sheet.The Production of Bakelite图片6Questions 9 and 10Choose TWO letters A-E.Write your answers in boxes 9 and 10 on your answer sheet.NB Your answers may be given in either order.Which TWO of the following factors influencing the design of Bakelite objects are mentioned in the text?A the function which the object would serveB the ease with which the resin could fill the mouldC the facility with which the object could be removed from the mouldD the limitations of the materials used to manufacture the mouldE the fashionable styles of the periodQuestions 11-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this11 Modern-day plastic preparation is based on the same principles as that patented in 1907.12 Bakelite was immediately welcomed as a practical and versatile material.13 Bakelite was only available in a limited range of colours.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-27, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.What’s so funny?John McCrone reviews recent research on humorThe joke comes over the headphones: ‘Which side of a dog has the mos t hair? The left.’ No, not funny. Try again. ‘Which side of a dog has the most hair? The outside.’ Hah! The punchline is silly yet fitting, tempting a smile, even a laugh. Laughter has always struck people as deeply mysterious, perhaps pointless. The writer Arthur Koestler dubbed it the luxury reflex: ‘unique in that it serves no apparent biological purpose. ’Theories about humour have an ancient pedigree. Plato expressed the idea that humor is simply a delighted feeling of superiority over others. Kant and Freud felt that joke-telling relies on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline. But most modern humor theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle’s belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning.Graeme Ritchie, a computational linguist in Edinburgh, studies the linguistic structure of jokes in order to understand not only humor but language understanding and reasoning in machines. He says that while there is no single format for jokes, many revolve around a sudden and surprising conceptual shift. A comedian will present a situation followed by an unexpected interpretation that is also apt.So even if a punchline sounds silly, the listener can see there is a clever semantic fit and that sudden mental ‘Aha!’ is the buzz that makes us laugh. Viewed from this angle, humor is just a form of creative insight, a sudden leap to a new perspective.However, there is another type of laughter, the laughter of social appeasement and it is important to understand this too.Play is a crucial part of development in most young mammals. Rats produce ultrasonic squeaks to prevent their scuffles turning nasty. Chimpanzees have a ‘play-face’ — a gaping expression accompanied by a panting ‘ah ah’ noise. In humans, these signals have mutated into smiles and laughs. Researchers believe social situations, rather than cognitive events such as jokes, trigger these instinctual markers of play or appeasement. People laugh on fairground rides or when tickled to flag a play situation, whether they feel amused or not.Both social and cognitive types of laughter tap into the same expressive machinery in our brains, the emotion and motor circuits that produce smiles and excited vocalisations. However, if cognitive laughter is the product of more general thought processes, it should result from more expansive brain activity.Psychologist Vinod Goel investigated humour using the new technique of ‘single event’ functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). An MRI scanner uses magnetic fields and radio waves to track the changes in oxygenated blood that accompany mental activity. Until recently, MRI scanners needed several minutes of activity and so could not be used to track rapid thought processes such as comprehending a joke. New developments now allow half-second ‘snapshots’ of all sorts of reasoning and problem-solving activities.Although Goel felt being inside a brain scanner was hardly the ideal place for appreciating a joke, he found evidence that understanding a joke involves a widespread mental shift. His scans showed that at the beginning of a joke the listener’s prefrontal cortex lit up, particularly the right prefrontal believed to be critical for problem solving. But there was also activity in the temporal lobes at the side of the head (consistent withattempts to rouse stored knowledge) and in many other brain areas. Then when the punchline arrived, a new area sprang to life — the orbital prefrontal cortex. This patch of brain tucked behind the orbits of the eyes is associated with evaluating information.Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. Energy and arousal levels may need to be retuned in the blink of an eye. These abrupt changes will produce either positive or negative feelings. The orbital cortex, the region that becomes active in Goel’s experiment, seems the be st candidate for the site that feeds such feelings into higher-level thought processes, with its close connections to the brain’s sub-cortical arousal apparatus and centres of metabolic control.All warm-blooded animals make constant tiny adjustments in arousal in response to external events, but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts. Whenever a sought-for answer snaps into place, there is a shudder of pleased recognition. Creative discovery being pleasurable, humans have learned to find ways of milking this natural response. The fact that jokes tap into our general evaluative machinery explains why the line between funny and disgusting, or funny and frightening, can be so fine. Whether a joke gives pleasure or pain depends on a person’s outlook.Humor may be a luxury, but the mechanism behind it is no evolutionary accident. As Peter Derks, a psychologist at William and Mary Colleg e in Virginia, says: ‘I like to think of humour as the distorted mirror of the mind. It’s creative, perceptual, analytical and lingual. If we can figure out how the mindprocesses humor, then we’ll have a pretty good handle on how it works in general.’Questions 14-20Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this14 Arthur Koestler considered laughter biologically important in several ways.15 Plato believed humour to be a sign of above-average intelligence.16 Kant believed that a successful joke involves the controlled release of nervous energy.17 Current thinking on humour has largely ignored Aristotle’s view on the subject.18 Graeme Ritchie’s work links jokes to artificial intelligence.19 Most comedians use personal situations as a source of humour.20 Chimpanzees make particular noises when they are playing.Questions 21-23The diagram below shows the areas of the brain activated by jokes.Label the diagram.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 21-23 on your answer sheet.Questions 24-27Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-G below.Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 24-27 on your answer sheet.24 One of the brain’s most difficult tasks is to25 Because of the language they have developed, humans26 Individual responses to humour27 Peter Derks believes that humourA react to their own thoughts.B helped create language in humans.C respond instantly to whatever is happening.D may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain.E cope with difficult situations.F relate to a person’s subjective views.G led our ancestors to smile and then laugh.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The Birth of Scientific EnglishWorld science is dominated today by a small number of languages, including Japanese, German and French, but it is English which is probably the most popular global language of science. This is not just because of the importance of English-speaking countries such as the USA in scientific research; the scientists of many non-English-speaking countries find that they need to write their research papers in English to reach a wide international audience. Given the prominence of scientific English today, it may seem surprising that no one really knew how to write science in English before the 17th century. Before that, Latin was regarded as the lingua franca1 for European intellectuals.The European Renaissance (c. 14th-16th century) is sometimes called the ‘revival of learning’, a time of renewed interest in the ‘lost knowledge’ of classical times. At the same time, however, scholars also began to test and extend this knowledge. The emergent nation states of Europe developed competitive interests in world exploration and the development of trade. Such expansion, which was to take the English language west to America and east to India, was supported by scientific developments such as the discovery of magnetism and hence the invention of the compass improvements in cartography and —perhaps the most important scientific revolution of them all —the new theories of astronomy and the movement of the Earth in relation to the planets and stars, developed by Copernicus (1473-1543).England was one of the first countries where scientists adopted and publicised Copernican ideas with enthusiasm. Some of these scholars, including two with interests in language —John Wallis and John Wilkins — helped found the Royal Society in 1660 in order to promote empirical scientific research.Across Europe similar academies and societies arose, creating new national traditions of science. In the initial stages of the scientific revolution, most publications in the national languages were popular works, encyclopaedias, educational textbooks and translations. Original science was not done in English until the second half of the 17th century. For example, Newton published his mathematical treatise, known as the Principia, in Latin, but published his later work on the properties of light — Opticks — in English.There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin. The first was simply a matter of audience. Latinwas suitable for an international audience of scholars, whereas English reached a socially wider, but more local, audience. Hence, popular science was written in English.A second reason for writing in Latin may, perversely, have been a concern for secrecy. Open publication had dangers in putting into the public domain preliminary ideas which had not yet been fully exploited by their ‘author’. This growing concern about intellectual property rights was a feature of the period — it reflected both the humanist notion of the individual, rational scientist who invents and discovers through private intellectual labour, and the growing connection between original science and commercial exploitation. There was something of a social distinction between ‘scholars and gentlemen’ who understood Latin, and men of trade who lacked a classical education. And in the mid-17th century it was common practice for mathematicians to keep their discoveries and proofs secret, by writing them in cipher, in obscure languages, or in private messages deposited in a sealed box with the Royal Society. Some scientists might have felt more comfortable with Latin precisely because its audience, though international, was socially restricted. Doctors clung the most keenly to Latin as an ‘insider language’.A third reason why the writing of original science in English was delayed may have been to do with the linguistic inadequacy of English in the early modern period. English was not well equipped to deal with scientific argument. First it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world in an objective and impersonal way, and to discuss the relations, such as cause and effect, that might hold between complex and hypothetical entities.Fortunately, several members of the Royal Society possessed an interest in Language and became engaged in various linguistic projects. Although a proposal in 1664 to establish a committee for improving the English language came to little, the society’s members did a great deal to foster the publication of science in English and to encourage the development of a suitable writing style. Many members of the Royal Society also published monographs in English. One of the first was by Robert Hooke, the society’s first curator of experiments, who described his experiments with microscopes in Micrographia (1665). This work is largely narrative in style, based on a transcript of oral demonstrations and lectures.In 1665 a new scientific journal, Philosophical Transactions, was inaugurated. Perhaps the first international English-language scientific journal, it encouraged a new genre of scientific writing, that of short, focused accounts of particular experiments.The 17th century was thus a formative period in the establishment of scientific English. In the following century much of this momentum was lost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. It is estimated that by the end of the 18th century 401 German scientific journals had been established as opposed to 96 in France and 50 in England. However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary, and new, specialized, professional societies were instituted to promote and publish in the new disciplines.lingua franca: a language which is used for communication between groups of people who speak different languages Questions 28-34Complete the summary.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 28-34 on your answer sheet.In Europe, modern science emerged at the same time as the nation state. At first, the scientific language of choice remained 28…………… . It allowed scientists to communicate with other socially privileged thinkers while protecting their work from unwanted exploitation. Sometimes the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire to communicate them, particularly in the case of mathematicians and 29…………… . In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the 30…………… nor the 31………… to e xpress their ideas. This situation only changed after 1660 when scientists associated with the 32………… set about developing English. An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions of specific experiments. Although English was then overtaken by 33……… , it developed again in the 19th century as a direct result of the 34……………….Questions 35-37Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 35-37 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this35 There was strong competition between scientists in Renaissance Europe.36 The most important scientific development of the Renaissance period was the discovery of magnetism.37 In 17th-century Britain, leading thinkers combined their interest in science with an interest in how to express ideas.Questions 38-40Complete the table.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.Science written in the first half of the 17th centuryLanguage used Latin EnglishType of science Original 38…………Examples 39………… EncyclopaediasTarget audience International scholars 40…………, but socially wider剑桥雅思阅读5原文参考译文(test2)BAKELITE The birth of modern plastics酚醛塑料——现代塑料的诞生In 1907, Leo Hendrick Baekeland, a Belgian scientist working in New York, discovered and patented a revolutionary new synthetic mater ial. His invention, which he named ‘Bakelite,’ was of enormous technological importance, and effectively launched the modern plastics industry.1907年，比利时科学家Leo Hendrick Baekeland在纽约工作时发现了一种全新的合成材料，并申请了专利。
13-雅思培训-顾家北-词汇-145号学员100句第二次课13-24句翻译笔记-017
13. 平等的教育能帮助解决学生学习成绩不好equal access to education can help students to have a good academic performance正确的句子：Equal access to education can help tackle educational underachievement.－equal education 教育均等，同等教育equal education opportunity ，equal access to education－solve problems，tackle problems，handle problems－underachievement n.underachiever-access to 到某个地方，（有机会）使用什么东西－disadvantaged adj－fair 公正公平，在此处不合适－poor academic performance14. 接触不同的文化可以促进创新Being contaxt with different cultures can help involution.与人的接触，拼写也是错的，contact，也没有help involution这个搭配的哦正确的句子：Exposure to different cultures can encourage creativity.-expose to , sb. Be exposed to-boost/raise/improve / build morale , confidence-creativity n. 创造力creation un. 创作cn. 创造的产物15. 政府应该重视社会福利，尤其是医疗服务the government should pay attention to public welfare, especially medicine service s正确的句子：The government should give priority to welfare services, especially the healthcare.-priority u/cn. 具体的事情时可数－focus用在大环境不合适－give emphasis on sth-service c/un16.教育或许决定了人的工作机会education may decide people's working opportunities.正确的句子：Education may hold the key to one’s job prospect.-decide 主语通常是人／官方／政府不合适determine-job／career prospect-one’s 等限定词后面名词不再是裸奔，可不加s－may 情态动词后面加动词原型maybe 动词－人用‘s ，物用of17. 使用化石资源会对环境造成破坏the usage of fossil resourses may be harmful to environment.正确的句子：The use of fossil fuels can cause damage to the environment.－Environment cn 加s或者the18.建造住宅楼有助于解决城市的拥堵问题building living houses is helpful to solve cities' congestiontraffic congestion，注意住着楼的搭配哦正确的句子：Building apartment blocks helps solve overcrowding in cities.句子结构：主语+及物动词(helps)+宾语(solve overcrowding)，省略了to, 本来是不定式to solve overcrowding)－overcrowding－it is helpful to do sth. 之类用法？19．贫穷的人可以通过努力工作来提高社会地位poor people can improve social status by hard working正确的句子：People from disadvantaged backgrounds can improve their social status by working hard.－the poor ，the disadvantaged the 表示一类人－class 可数，status 不可数have／enjoy high status20. 因为全球化，人们需要和来自不同背景的人工作because of globlization people need to work with people who have different backgroundsglobalization正确的句子：Because of globalisation, people need to work with those from diverse backgrounds.注：这里的those 就是其他人的意思，不能说those people，这样会和主语重复。
雅思口语知识点解析chapter 2
Chapter 2 Talking about studyWhat’s your major? 你的专业是什么？Introduction：在雅思考试中，，作为考官对你个人背景了解之一的常问问题就是“专业”，其中包括最基本的个人专业的英文表达，选择专业的原因，是否喜爱自己的专业。
如果是高中在读的同学虽然还没有专业，不过也可以说说自己是文科生arts students还是理科生science students。
并且可以谈谈自己以后想学的专业。
在此节中重点要掌握如何表达自己的专业，和对专业喜爱的原因。
Task 1: you are going to hear two conversations, while listening, underline some useful phrases about Study.Conversation 1:Ann：Steve, who are the two women over there?Steve：Oh, their names are Shirley and Linda. Hi, Shirley. This is Ann. She is from Canada. Ann：Hello. Shirley, nice to meet you.Shirley：Hi, Ann. Nice to meet you, too. What do you study here?Ann：I’m studying Biology. And what’s your subject?Shirley：It’s engineering.Ann：Hi, Linda. What are you studying here?Linda：I’m studying Arts.Ann：Oh, that sounds interesting.Steve：Shirley. And Linda are from the UK.Ann：Oh, where are you from in the UK?Shirley：I’m from Edinburgh.Linda：And I come from Leeds.Conversation 2:Lily: What’s your major?Mike: I come to China just to study Chinese.Lily: Where are you studying now?Mike: At the Beijing Language and Culture University.Lily: How many years have you studied?Mike: I've already studied for three years. One year left for graduation.Lily: Are you going back to your country after graduation?Mike: Yes, I'll return to my country and look for a job.Lily: Is it difficult to find a job?Mike: Not very difficult, because there is not many people in my country who know Chinese.Lily: Mike, tell me why you chose to study Chinese?Mike: well, to be honest, I chose it based on my personal interest. You know, since I was a boy I have always been interested in language. And I reckon Chinese is a very interesting language to study.Lily: Good. Wish you good luck.Mike: Thanks.Task 2: Pair Work. Now, role-play the conversations in Task 1 with your partner. Then it is required for you to remember these phrases and expressions below. Inquiring about study:What are you studying? / What’s your major? / What’s your subject? 你的专业是什么What subjects do you like most and what subjects do you dislike most?你最喜欢/最不喜欢的专业是什么Why did you choose this major? 你为什么选择这个专业？What do you think of your major? 你觉得你的专业怎么样？Answering:I major in Finance. I am studying Finance. My subject is Finance. 我是金融专业的。
雅思听说第二次课for student
Houses, flats and rooms
fully furnished flat, newly-built, run-down studio flat/apartment, threebedroom flat, two-storey house, duplex, veranda, balcony, spacious/cozy/airy/comfy/cramped /dingy room
Relationship/Friendship
strike up/develop a friendship, cement/spoil a friendship, a casual acquaintance, firm friends/a friend for life, platonic relationship, a relationship that can stand the test of time, love at first sight, be desperately in love, make a commitment to each other, unconditional love/love unconditionally, get hitched/tie the knot
听力练习
• 剑7 TEST 1, Section 1(travelling)
• • • • • • • • •
Airport shuttle booking form To: Milton Date: 6_____ No. of passengers: one Bus time: 7____pm Type of ticket: single Name: Janet 8_____ Flight No: 9_____ From: London Heathrow Address in Milton: Vacation Motel, 24, Kitchener Street Fare: $35 Credit Card No: (visa)10______
科技雅思第二次课
雅思写作内容：一．大作文整体结构开头段（三要素：背景，引题，自己立场）主体段（正方/反方，让步/转折）结尾段（重述立场和分论点，建议）二．3种问法对应的文章框架结构Discuss both views and give your opinion.(蓝P199)To what extent do you agree or disagree.(蓝P202)作业：1.掌握同义词替换（资料）2.掌握得分句型3.积累话题词汇和素材(蓝）4.掌握两种不同问法的答题要点Discussion 类例题1：教育类In recent years, many young people have decided to further their study abroad. What are the benefits and drawbacks of studying abroadIn recent years, many young people have decided to further their study abroad. Some people claim that there are more benefits than drawbacks of studying abroad, do you agree or disagree Benefits:Broaden /expand one’s horizons/vision, open minded, enrich knowledgeAcquire / obtain advanced science and technology / concepteasy access to first-rate educational facilitiesthe latest development of …../up-to-date/field of studycultivate one’s independence / take care/ protectlearn to get alone with people from different cultural backgroundslanguage environmentmore opportunities to obtain a decent job/well-paid/future careerBe beneficial to / be conductive toMixed / international mindsetBetter living environmentIntroduce our culture to western worldself-betterment / self- realization / the best self Disadvantages:Costly/ financial burden, ordinary /average, cover / afford, living cost / tuition costStudying abroad might cause a financial burden for ordinary families; many of them cannot afford the high living and tuition cost.Fail to adapt themselves to the new environment / oversea life / cultural differencePsychological: Loneliness / homesick / far away from home, no companyLanguage barrierResult in a serious brain-drain, huge loss of talentSupervision / supervisor/ some/ tend to ignore their studiesTemptation/go astraySelf-discipline, self-control, immature, cannot distinguish right from wrong / imitate / bad behaviorTime-management skill / study plan/ schedule / priorityWorkoutSocial circleculture shockBody paragraph:Topic sentenceFirst, firstly, first of all, first and foremost, to begin with, to start withSecond, meanwhile, in addition, besides, moreover, furthermore, what’s moreFinally, lastly, last but not the leastOn the one hand,…On the other hand,…For one thing,….For another,…People’s living standards have improved over the years and many parents tend to pay more attention to their children’s education. Therefore, more and more young people choose to go abroad to pursue their higher education. Frankly speaking, studying overseas has both its advantages and disadvantages. (45)Critics / opponents argue that there are many good reasons against further study abroad.For one thing, living far away from home, students will suffer from loneliness and homesickness. Overseas students often feel disoriented and depressed from lack of adequate/sufficient knowledge and understanding of the local customs and lifestyle.For another, many students do not want to return to their native country after graduation because most of them want to seek a more comfortable life and a brighter future overseas. This may result in a serious brain-drain and our country will inevitably incur a huge loss of talents. (96)Proponents claim that overseas study has so many advantages. First of all, it can broaden the students’experience a totally different culture. The knowledge of high technology and social customs acquired in the other countries helps them to become more open-minded.Secondly, in terms of academic development, overseas study possesses several distinct advantages. Students can learn advanced science and technology. The book resources are more up-to-date. The professors are aware of all the latest development in their fields. Therefore the standard of teaching is much higher.Thirdly, when they finish studies abroad, they will have more choices in their future careers.All the above merits are conductive to their self-betterment and self-realization.In my opinion, while oversea study has its drawbacks, the advantages are obvious.It can broaden one’s horizon. Students have easy access to the first rate facilities and the latest development in science and technology. When they finish their study, students have more job opportunities.Therefore, as long as it is financially feasible, an oversea education may do a person more good than harm. (64) Discussion 类例题2：科技类What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet Advantages:Convenience (life, study,work)Share informationMake friendsApply to the education and workImprove work efficiencyArgument类例题1：科技+教育类Distance education vs. Traditional educationMany people use distance-learning programs to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the benefit as much as attending college or university. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion (041113, 081023, 100515) Distance education:Flexible – time, locationConvenient -CostInformation rangeEfficiency –DistractionInteraction –Skills – writing skills, …Traditional educationFace-to-face interactionEfficiency – feedback, help immediately,Skills –communication skill, interpersonal skill, corporation skill, team building, ….Make friends – expand our social circle, built social network开头段band：With the technology developing, more and more people like studying at home by computers. So there is a hot topic on whether this way is good for people. In my opinion, I think people should study at universities. (38band：So rapid is the progress of technology that a growing number of teenagers are keen on studying at home by media like computers or TV. Thus, a topic is being discussed on whether this method is more benefit than those who studying at universities. Personally speaking,I tend to this view that universities are good place for studying. (58)让步段：Undeniably,it is convenient for teenagers to study at home.Obviously,compared with going to universities, studying at home can save time and money. Besides, only by clicking the mouse can students gain large information which they need. However,quite a few children have to face some physical health problems like short sight, if they spend too much time watching computers or TV. (63)理由1：However, the most vital merit of studying at universities is that some abilities can be cultivated, like interpersonal skills. If youths always face computers, they might do not know how to make friends or communicate with others. But, on the contrary, universities are good places which can provide some opportunities for children to share their experiences, interests and hobbies with others. (62)理由2：Moreover / W hat’s more,….To sum up, although using computers and TV for learning is benefit for students, they can obtain more precious experience at colleges or universities. For my part, I support the view that it is necessary for teenagers to go to universities or colleges.(43)。
雅思口语第二部分的答题时间
【导语】雅思⼝语第⼆部分是整个⼝语考试答题核⼼的开始，所以对于雅思⼝语第⼆部分的答题，⼤家⼀定要给予相应的重视。
以下是整理的雅思⼝语第⼆部分的答题时间，欢迎阅读！1.雅思⼝语第⼆部分的答题时间 1.PartII答题时如果考⽣说的太少，甚⾄说不到1分钟会影响得分吗? 雅思⼝语考试要求是要说到1-2分钟,考官会试图让学⽣继续下去。
通常学⽣说的少是因为他们⼝语⽔平不⾼，词汇语法有限，⽆法流畅持续地表达⾃⼰的想法。
如果因此考⽣只说到40-45秒钟,通常只能得较低的分。
当然最后的得分是看三个部分的整体表现。
2.PartII答案过长，以⾄于2分钟结束了都没开始回答卡⽚上的最后⼀个问题，这样会影响得分吗? ⾸先，考官只会给考⽣2分钟的时间作答，这个对每位考⽣都是公平的。
其实没有答完卡⽚上的问题并不会被直接扣分。
但是我们⽐较建议考⽣多在卡⽚上的最后⼀个问题上延展话题，应为前⾯的⼏个问题往往是客观问题，例如时间、地点、⼈物等，⽽最后⼀个问题则是有关考⽣的主观看法和感受的，这样的问题给考⽣提供了更⼤的发挥空间，⽐如可以使⽤更加丰富的词汇、句型，从更好地⽽展⽰⾃⼰的⼝语能⼒。
通过上⾯的这两个问题和相应的答案，我们就可以看到在雅思⼝语第⼆部分答题当中，答题时间是很关键的⼀环，所以⼤家宁可多说⼀些，也不要说的太少，以免影响⼤家的⼝语成绩。
2.雅思⼝语第⼆部分出现的问题及应对策略 雅思⼝语考试中第⼆部分，需要考⽣需要就⼀个话题展开讨论，并需要有⼀定的深度。
那么，平时如何准备这个部分的呢？ 有了第⼀个阶段磨合，考⽣在雅思⼝语第⼆个阶段就会就轻松很多，所谓的轻松是指考⽣不⽤有太多的顾虑和猜想，例如，这个考官是什么性格的？她/他发美⾳还是澳⾳？紧张劲也会消失很多，但是这个阶段考⽣还不能放松警惕，因为这个阶段的挑战性更强。
考⽣需要就⼀个话题展开讨论，并需要有⼀定的深度，不像第⼀阶段那样轻描淡写就可以了，考试时间为3～4分钟。
这⾥所涉及的话题范围⽐较⼴泛，具体包括国家或家乡⽣活，⽂化，风俗习惯或个⼈的某个经历，此外还有⼀些抽象的概念，例如⼴告，愿望，理想等话题。
雅思第二次 素材的寻找
Mission Statement 素材的寻找有学生的QQ签名是“我写得不是雅思作文，是寂寞”。
何出此言呢，源于题目读懂了，却一时不知写什么，该怎么写。
因此看懂题目后的素材寻找就变得至关重要了。
有人建议头脑风暴找素材，但需要一定的线索。
那么具体可以从哪些方面考量呢？An idea that can be put into action is far better than an idea only exists as an idea.以下有三种方法供同学们参考。
1分类法2替代法3裸奔法分类法；当题目的讨论对象 A 过于广泛或者抽象时，请将讨论对象具体化，对其加以分类为A1 与A2 。
比如分成两类，那么素材就比原来增加了一倍，一分为二，从不同角度看待一个事物也是雅思写作的一个特点，具体说明：Sample: 1Sending criminals to the prison is not the best method of dealing with them. Education and job training are better ways to help them. Do you agree or disagree?直接从犯罪分子入手写作，范围较为广，不易展开，实际写作中易于突然中断，不妨将CRIMINALS这个庞大的人群一分为二，分为重刑犯与轻型罪犯，这样各自归档，恶性犯罪的蹲监入狱，轻型罪犯接受教育，全文分为四段来写一目了然。
第一段：引入背景，社会犯罪率在升高，对待犯罪的惩处有不同的看法Since the crime rate is rising now, how to deal with criminals has become a relatively new issue in newspapers and on television in recent years. Opinions to this are deeply divided.第二段：将犯罪分子一分为二，恶性犯罪犯本应送进监狱，甚至枪毙也不为过For the extremely violent criminals, such as murderers, robbers who kill their victims, they should be sentenced to longer years in prison, and some can even be sentenced to death if that will do justice.第三段：对于罪孽不深重的犯罪分子要让他们接受教育On the other hand, some minor criminals who do wrong to others on impulse but are ready to reform should be granted another chance. 这样更有利于他们改造if these misfits could be given some education and job training, they would not only learn some practical skills, but also have the courage to start a brand new life.第四段：总结，惩罚的目的不是惩罚本身T o conclude, I firmly believe thepurpose of any punishment in not punishment itself, but to prevent potential crimes and teach the criminals a lesson on the value of a normal life and freedom.从善意出发，同意用教育的方式改造犯人更为合理，Education and training would work more effectively in achieving this end than prison, at least for most minor criminals.链接犯罪类常用词汇扩展：违反法律：violate the law 不良行为，非法行为：misdeed:(formal) a wrong or illegal action. e.g. he now repents of his past misdeeds.贩毒犯：trafficker 走私贩：smuggler 故意破坏公物者：vandal 死刑犯:prisoners sentenced to death, capital prisoners 团伙成员：gangster: a number of a violent group of criminals 嫌疑犯: suspect: (someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime)少年犯：young offender\juvenile offender\ juvenile delinquent 惯犯：habitual criminals e.g. The new law will ensure that habitual criminals receive tougher punishments than first-time offenders. 不知悔改的罪犯：hardened criminals e.g. T eenagers should not be sent to prison to mix with hardened criminals. 罪犯：lawbreaker e.g. The penalties must be severe enough to deter lawbreakers. 司法系统：the judicial system.Sample：2Some people think old buildings should be destroyed and replaced with modern buildings. Do you agree or disagree?老房子包含的范围非常广，直接入手有困难，那么从拆或者不拆的角度看，老房子可以分成几个类？当然了，两大类：应该拆的和不应该拆的。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
10.27雅思写作内容：一．大作文整体结构开头段（三要素：背景，引题，自己立场）主体段（正方/反方，让步/转折）结尾段（重述立场和分论点，建议）二．3种问法对应的文章框架结构Discuss both views and give your opinion.(蓝P199)To what extent do you agree or disagree.(蓝P202)作业：1.掌握同义词替换（资料）2.掌握得分句型3.积累话题词汇和素材(蓝）4.掌握两种不同问法的答题要点Discussion 类例题1：教育类In recent years, many young people have decided to further their study abroad. What are the benefits and drawbacks of studying abroad?In recent years, many young people have decided to further their study abroad. Some people claim that there are more benefits than drawbacks of studying abroad, do you agree or disagree? Benefits:∙Broaden /expand one’s horizons/vision, open minded, enrich knowledge∙Acquire / obtain advanced science and technology / concept∙easy access to first-rate educational facilities∙the latest development of …../up-to-date/field of study∙cultivate one’s independence / take care/ protect∙learn to get alone with people from different cultural backgrounds∙language environment∙more opportunities to obtain a decent job/well-paid/future career∙Be beneficial to / be conductive to∙Mixed / international mindset∙Better living environment∙Introduce our culture to western world∙self-betterment / self- realization / the best self Disadvantages:∙Costly/ financial burden, ordinary /average, cover / afford, living cost / tuition costStudying abroad might cause a financial burden for ordinary families; many of them cannot afford the high living and tuition cost.∙Fail to adapt themselves to the new environment / oversea life / cultural difference∙Psychological: Loneliness / homesick / far away from home, no company∙Language barrier∙Result in a serious brain-drain, huge loss of talent∙Supervision / supervisor/ some/ tend to ignore their studies ∙Temptation/go astray∙Self-discipline, self-control, immature, cannot distinguish right from wrong / imitate / bad behavior∙Time-management skill / study plan/ schedule / priority∙Workout∙Social circle∙culture shockBody paragraph:Topic sentence●First, firstly, first of all, first and foremost, to begin with, tostart with●Second, meanwhile, in addition, besides, moreover,furthermore, what’s more●Finally, lastly, last but not the leastOn the one hand,…On the other hand,…For one thing,….For another,…People’s living standards have improved over the years and many parents tend to pay more attention to their children’s education.Therefore, more and more young people choose to go abroad to pursue their higher education. Frankly speaking, studying overseas has both its advantages and disadvantages.(45)Critics / opponents argue that there are many good reasons against further study abroad.For one thing, living far away from home, students will suffer from loneliness and homesickness. Overseas students often feel disoriented and depressed from lack of adequate/sufficient knowledge and understanding of the local customs and lifestyle.For another, many students do not want to return to their native country after graduation because most of them want to seek a more comfortable life and a brighter future overseas. This may result in a serious brain-drain and our country will inevitablyincur a huge loss of talents. (96)claim that overseas study has so many advantages. First of all, it can broaden the students’ horizons. knowledge of high technology and social customs acquired inbecome moredevelopment,several distinctadvantages.Students can learn advanced science andup-to-date. Theprofessors are aware of all the latest development in their fields. Therefore the standard of teaching is much higher.Thirdly, when they finish studies abroad, they will havemore choices in their future careers.All the above are conductive totheir self-betterment and self-realization.In my opinion, while oversea study has its drawbacks, the advantages are obvious.It can broaden one’s horizon. Students have easy access to the first rate facilities and the latest development in science and technology. When they finish their study, students have more job opportunities.Therefore, as long as it is financially feasible, an oversea education may do a person more good than harm.(64) Discussion 类例题2：科技类What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet? Advantages:∙Convenience (life, study,work)∙Share information∙Make friends∙Apply to the education and work∙Improve work efficiencyArgument类例题1：科技+教育类Distance education vs. Traditional educationMany people use distance-learning programs to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the benefit asmuch as attending college or university. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (041113, 081023, 100515) Distance education:●Flexible – time, location●Convenient -●Cost●Information range●Efficiency –●Distraction●Interaction –●Skills – writing skills, …Traditional education●Face-to-face interaction●Efficiency – feedback, help immediately,●Skills –communication skill, interpersonal skill, corporation skill, teambuilding, ….●Make friends – expand our social circle, built social network开头段5.5 band：With the technology developing, more and more people like studying at home by computers. So there is a hot topic on whether this way is good for people. In my opinion, I think people should study at universities. (386.5 band：So rapid is the progress of technology that a growing number of teenagers are keen on studying at home by media like computers or TV. Thus, a topic is being discussed on whether this method is more benefit than those who studying atuniversities. Personally speaking,I tend to this view that universities are good place for studying. (58)让步段：Undeniably,it is convenient for teenagers to study at home. Obviously,compared with going to universities, studying at home can save time and money.Besides,only by clicking the mouse can students gain large information which they need. However,quite a few children have to face some physical health problems like short sight, if they spend too much time watching computers or TV. (63)理由1：However, the most vital merit of studying at universities is that some abilities can be cultivated, like interpersonal skills. If youths always face computers, they might do not know how to make friends or communicate with others. But, on the contrary, universities are good places which can provide some opportunities for children to share their experiences, interests and hobbies with others. (62)理由2：Moreover / W hat’s more,….To sum up, although using computers and TV for learning is benefit for students, they can obtain more precious experience at colleges or universities. For my part, I support the view that it is necessary for teenagers to go to universities or colleges.(43)。