大学英语四级听力专项(Model Test 9)
ModelTest9听力原文及答案
ModelTest9听力原文及答案Mod el T est 9Section A1. M: Liz took a taxi to her office today.W: Yes. Her friend Ted usually drives her to the office but now he is out of town on business.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?2. W: Joe suggested going to the party.M:Whatever he suggested is fine with me. Q:What will the man probably do?3. M: Jan's husband is certainly easy going and friendly.W: Yes, the exact opposite of her father.Q: What is Jan's father like?4. W: Do you happen to know how to call New York from here?M: I've no idea, I'm afraid. Why don't you ask Helen?Q: What does the man imply about Helen?5. W: I was surprised to see you and your family at the Shopping Mall yesterday.M: Our junior school closed down because flu broke out.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?6. W: I hope you like the novel I lent you. I wasn't sure whether it was the kind of bookyou would be interested in. M: You know, I had the same doubt at first. But once I started I simply couldn't put it down.Q: What does the man mean?7. M: Wasn't it terrific?W: Well, the music was enjoyable, but the story didn't make much sense to me. I still prefer traditional drama with strongcharacters and an exciting plot. Q: What does the woman think of the play?8. W: Your exam is over, isn't it? Why aren't you cheerful?M: Oh, I don't know. It isn't that the questions were too hard, but I always feel uneasy when the exam doesn't seem to have much to do with the book Q:What was the man's opinion of the exam?Now you will hear two long conversations.Conversation OneM: Well, Claudia, how is your first day on campus working out?Wi: Actually I'm overwhelmed. This campus is too large. I am not really sure how to get around it. How about you? M:Yeah, I'm having the same problem. That's why we should leave a bit earlier to get toour biology class on time. W, : That sounds like a good plan to me! It's 9 : 30 right now. I think our class starts at10 i 00 a. m.M: Actually it starts at 10 : 15 a. m. The schedule says the class is at the Darwin Build ing, but I can't seem to find on the map. Wi: Why don't you ask that woman sitting on the bench? M; All right,it can't hurt to ask. (To another woman. )M: Excuse me, Miss. Could you tell us how to get to Darwin Building?W2: Darwin Building? Oh yes,I remember... Do you see that building to our right there? That's the East Dormitory. Next to it is the Science Library. Just follow the path between those two buildings until you reach the other side. Then take the left-hand path and follow it to the end.It leads straight to the Darwin Building.M: Let me say, after we pass between the Dorm and the Library, we follow the path to the left until the end of the road,then we should be there,right?W2: Yes, that's it.M: Thank you very much, indeed.W2: You are welcome.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. What is their first impression of the campus?10.What are the two students doing?11.How many minutes were left to them before the biology class began?Conversation TwoM: So you're going to be writing for the school newspaper?W: Yes, I'm excited about it. I'm thinking about journalism as a career.M: Oh! Congratulations! How do they decide whom to hire?W: I have to send the writing sample. I used one of the essays I've written for the literature class, then the editor assigned me a topic to write a short article about it. M: What did you write about? W: Actually, it was a lot of fun. I wrote about the students' play that has been performing this month.M: Oh, I saw that play. The director is a friend of mine. It really called in a stir around here.W: Yeah, I know. That's what I wrote about—People's reaction to it. It's really interesting.M: Have you finished the article? Can I read it?W: Sure. I just made a couple of copies. So you can have one.M: Thanks. I wish I were a better writer. Working for the paper sounds like lots of fun. W: Well, they're looking to add one or twophotographs to the staff. If you want we could walk over to the newspaper office and I'll introduce you to the photography editor. M; That will be terrific! But can we go tomorrow?W; Sure. Or maybe you should call and set up a time to meet tomorrow. M:Good idea. I'll do that before I go to class. W; All right. See you tomorrow.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.What are the speakers mainly discussing?13.What was the topic of the woman's article?14.What job is the man going to apply for?15.What will the woman do tomorrow?Section BPassage OneHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space requiremerits are not adequately met? Sociologists and psychologists are conducting experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that thebehavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have adequate living space,they eat well,sleep well,and reproduce well.However if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior patterns and e-ven their health perceptibly change. They cannot sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and tension become obvious. The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus for rats, population and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is adequate space not only desirable, but essential for human survival? Questions 16 to 18 are basedon the passage you have just heard.16.For what purpose did the scientists conduct the experiments on rats?17.When the rats become over-crowded, which one of the behavior patterns is not shown in theexperiment?18.What did the experiments prove?Passage TwoColumbus sailed from Spain in September 1492, looking for gold. Native Americans greeted him, offering gifts of corn. Columbus found little gold on that trip,but he collected many plants,including corn to bring back to Spain. Columbus didn't know it. But the corn was much more valuable than gold. Farmers from Europe to Asia accepted it immediately. They grew it on cold mountain sides and in tropical forest. Today it feeds millions of people all over the world. On his second trip, Columbus brought back a bag of chocolate beans to make chocolate. Europeans and Asians loved this new drink,and soon they were paying a great deal of money for the beans.Chocolate beans became so valuable in Central America that they were used as cash for 200 years. Tomatoes and potatoes took some time to become popular. Eventually, however, they became the basis of a lot of popular food. It is hard to imagine life without fried potatoes and chocolate. Thanks to native American cultures, many people are able to enjoy lots of tasty food. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.Why is corn feeding millions of people today?20.What did Columbus bring back on his second trip?21.What was the result of Columbus' two trips to America?Passage ThreeIn its early years, the Children's Book Show was intended mainly for teachers and librarians. As it became more widely known.and successful, more and more family and school parties began to come so that it grew into a real children's book show and a show with a double purpose. For years it was held in various halls in London. In answer to enthusiastic invitations to bring it to different parts of the country, the decision was taken to move outside the capital. One year it was held in Leeds, then in Bristol as well as in London, and now it comes to Glasgow. This year's show will again interest both the general public and specialists. Admission will be free, but school parties must be booked in advance. In a large room near the entrance there will be a self-service bookshop where every book on show will be for sale.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.What are the books in the exhibition intended for?23.Who was the show intended for in its early years?24.What caused the book show to grow?25.What must parties of school children do this year?Section CHave you had a headache recently? The pain can be (26) temporary, mild and cured by a simple painkiller like aspirin. Or, it can be (27) severe.More than forty five (28) million people in the United States suffer chronic(fj|'|4l^J) headaches. The US Headache Consortium is a group with seven member (29) organizations. They are (30) attempting to improve treatment of one kind of headache—the mi-graine(j^^'H:'i^^tc^). Some people experience this kind ofpain as often as two weeks every month. About seventy percent of migraine (31) sufferers are women.Some people (32) describe the pain as similar to a repeated beat. Others compare it to someone driving a sharp (33) object into the head. Some people take medicine every day to prevent or ease migraine headaches. (34) Others use medicine to control pain already developed. Doctors treating migraine sufferers often order medicines from a group of certain drugs. (35) Most migraines react at least partly to existing medicine. And most people can use existing medicine without experiencing bad effects. (36) Doctors sometimes use caffeine to treat migraine headaches. Interestingly, caffeine also can cause some migraines.Model T est 91-5 DDBCC 6-10 ACBBC 11-15 CCBCD 16-20 BCDDD 21-25 BDADC 26. temporary 27. severe 28. million 29. organizations 30. attempting 31. sufferers 32. describe 33. object34. Others use medicine to control pain already developed35. Most migraines react at least partly to existing medicine36. Doctors sometimes use caffeine to treat migraine headaches。
英语四级模拟训练题九(附答案)
Model Test 9Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Good Teacher-student Relationship.. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1. 良好的师生关系很重要2. 怎样建立良好的师生关系3. 你是如何做的A Good Teacher-student RelationshipPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1.Can Business Be Cool?Why a growing number of firms are taking global warming seriously.Companies supporting environment protectionRupert Murdoch is no green activist. But in Pebble Beach later this summer, the annual gathering of executives of Mr Murdoch's News Corporation--which last year led to a dramatic shift in the media conglomerate's attitude to the Internet--will be addressed by several leading environmentalists, including a vice-president turned climate-change movie star. Last month BSkyB, a British satellitetelevision company chaired by Mr. Murdoch and run by his son, James, declared itself "carbon-neutral", having taken various steps to cut or offset its discharges of carbon into the atmosphere.The army of corporate greens is growing fast. Late last year HSBC became the first big bank to announce that it was carbon-neutral, joining other financial institutions, including Swiss Re, a reinsurer, and Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, in waging war on climate-warming gases (of which carbon dioxide is the main culprit). Last year General Electric (GE), an industrial powerhouse, launched its "Ecomagination" strategy, aiming to cut its output of greenhouse gases and to invest heavily in clean (i.e., carbon-free) technologies. In October Wal-Mart announced a series of environmental schemes, including doubling the fuel-efficiency of its fleet of vehicles within a decade. Tesco and Sainsbury, two Of Britain's biggest retailers, are competing fiercely to be the greenest. And on June 7th some leading British bosses lobbied Tony Blair for a more ambitious policy on climate change, even if that involves harsher regulation.The other sideThe greening of business is by no means universal, however. Money from Exxon Mobil, Ford and General Motors helped pay for television advertisements aired recently in America by the Competitive Enterprise Institute, with the daft slogan "Carbon dioxide: they call it pollution; we call it life". Besides, environmentalist critics say, some firms are engaged in superficial "greenwash to boost the image of essentially climate-hurting businesses. Take BP, the most prominent corporate advocate of action on climate change, with its "Beyond Petroleum" ad campaign, high-profile investments in green energy, and even a "carbon calculator" on its websites helps consumers measure their personal "carbon footprint", or overall emissions of carbon. Yet, critics complain, BP's recent record profits are largely thanks to sales of huge amounts of carbon-packed oil and gas.On the other hand, some free-market thinkers see the support of firms for regulation of carbon as the latest attempt at "regulatory capture", by those who stand to profit from new rules. Max Schulz of the Manhattan Institute, a conservative think tank, notes darkly that "Enron was into pushing the idea of climate change, because it was good for its business".Others argue that climate change has no more place in corporate boardrooms than do discussions of other partisan political issues, such as Darfur or gay marriage. That criticism, at least, is surely wrong. Most of the corporate converts say they are acting not out of some vague sense of social responsibility, or even personal angst, but because climate change creates real business risks and opportunities—from regulatory compliance to insuring clients on flood plains. And although these concerns vary hugely from one company to the next, few firms can besure of remaining unaffected.The climate of opinionThe most obvious risk is of rising energy costs. Indeed, the recent high price of oil and natural gas, allied to fears over the security of energy supplies from the Middle East and Russia—neither of which have anything to de with climate change—may be the main reason why many firms have recently become interested in alternative energy sources. But at the same time, a growing number of bosses—whatever their personal views about the scientific evidence of climate change—now think that the public has become convinced that global warming is for real. Hurricane Katrina was particularly important in changing opinion in America. Many businessmen have concluded that this new public mood will result, sooner or later, in government action to control carbon emissions—most likely, using some sort of carbon tax or Kyoto-like system of tradable caps on firms' carbon emissions.A carbon-trading system is already in place in the European Union. But even in America, some influential businesses are exerting pressure on the government to control carbon emissions. One motive is to help firms facing decisions that will depend for their long-term profitability on what carbon regime, if any, is in place. "Some asset-intensive industries are making investments now that have a 30-to-50-year horizon," says Travis Engen, who recently stepped down as boss of Alcan, a big aluminium firm. "As CEO, I wanted to make damn sure my investments were good for the future, not just today"—which, for him, meant evaluating investments assuming that his firm would soon have to pay to emit carbon.Indeed, some expect President Bush to start thinking more about climate change after November's mid-term elections, especially now that he has appointed a keen environmentalist as treasury secretary— Hank Paulson, who as boss of Goldman Sachs was the force behind the investment bank's greener stance. "American businesses are starting to realise that something is going to happen on carbon," says Jim Rogers, chief executive of Duke Energy, one of the country's biggest power producers, who reckons legislation is quite likely to pass in Congress by 2009. Companies' moveAs firms try to do something about climate change, the typical first step is to improve their energy efficiency, by both reducing consumption and also shifting the mix of sources from hydrocarbons towards cleaner alternatives. Given high oil prices, those that have already done so have found energy efficiency to be surprisingly good for profits."Carbon Down, Profits Up", a report by the Climate Group, an organisation founded in 2004 by various firms and governments, listed 74 companies from 18 industries in 11 countries that are committed to cutting greenhouse-gas emissions. So far, this has brought them combined savings of $11.6 billion, claims the report. Four firms- Bayer, British Telecom, DuPont and Norske Canada—account for $4 billion of this between them.Many companies, including BP, also see the chance to make money from providing things that help reduce global warming—from clean coal-fired power-stations, to wind farms, to mortgages with better rates for homes that are carbon-neutral. GE plans to double its revenues from 17 clean-technology businesses to $20 billion by 2010. HSBC's decision to become carbon-neutral is part of a plan to develop a carbon-finance business, both for retail consumers and corporate clients. "We believe it is a major business opportunity for us, not a hobby or corporate social responsibility," says Francis Sullivan of HSBC. And even as car firms lobby against regulating carbon, they are investing heavily in cleaner hybrid cars,Going carbon-neutral—in which a firm cuts its carbon output as much as possible and then offsets any left over by paying to reduce emissions elsewhere—is particularly attractive to firms that sell directly to the public and reckon that their customers want them to take climate change seriously. Since these sorts of firms are often not great carbon-emitters in the first place, "carbon neutrality" can be fairly painless.A recent study by the Carbon Trust, a British quango, reckoned that, for industries such as airlines, up to 50% of brand value may be at risk if firms fail to take action on climate change.1. This passage is mainly about the impact of environmental issues on activities of individual companies.2. More and more companies are joining in the support of limiting carbon dioxide emission because they are increasingly concerned about the harmful effect on environment and climate change.3. City Bank also announced its determination to be carbon-neutral just after HSBC made its move.4. Although an increasing number of companies began to support limitation on emission, there are still some companies that do the opposite.5. There are some companies, such as BP, which are engaged in superficial activities in order to boost their good images.6. It is believed by some companies that alternative energy sources are significant especially when the recent price of oil and natural gas rose.7. The author mentioned the disaster of Hurricane Katrina because he wanted to demonstrate the harmful effects of unlimited emission of carbon dioxide.8. In America, some influential businesses are exerting pressure on the government to control carbon emissions because their______ depends on what carbon regime is in place.9. Generally speaking, as firms try to do something about climate change, their typical first step is to improve their______.10. A recent study by the Carbon Trust indicated that industries such as airlines, if they______.half of its brand value may be at risk.Part ⅢListening ComprehensionSection ADirections: At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must rend the four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. [A] 35. [B] 36. [C] 34. [D] 40.12. [A] Uncle and niece. [B] Aunt and nephew. [C] Cousins. [D] Father and daughter.13. [A] She had an accident. [B] She wants to go to a foreign country to learn its language. [C] Andrew is a native speaker of English. [D] Andrew speaks English quite well.14. [A] To help her solve the problem. [B] To make an arrangement. [C] To deal with the hardest problem first.[D] To handle the most important problem first.15. [A] She has not enjoyed a good film for long. [B] She seems reluctant to see the film. [C] She believes the film if not worth seeing. [D] She has seen Titanic.16. [A] She doesn't like playing cards. [B] She has something else to do this evening. [C] She doesn't feel like playing cards this evening. [D] She is in a bad mood.17. [A] She thinks it is unacceptable that the man have damaged her plastic flowers. [B] She wants to get rid of these flowers sooner. [C] She means to offer a polite reply to the man's apology. [D] She doesn't mind it at all. 18. [A] They are talking over the meal. [B] The man is English, but the woman is not. [C] The man isn't English but the woman is. [D] They are talking about British people's behavior at breakfast.Conversation 119. [A] How to learn well in college. [B] How to find a roommate. [C] Their major and college funding. [D] How to find funding for college.20. [A] He wants to work in a travel agency in another city. [B] He has no idea. [C] He wants to find a job in IT industry. [D] He wants to work in a travel agency in this area.21. [A] Physics. [B] Computer science. [C] Tourism. [D] Mechanical engineering.22. [A] Teaching assistantship. [B] Student's loan from a bank. [C] A part-time job as a tour guide. [D]Four-year scholarship.Conversation 223. [A] Dyes the plastic for colored products. [B] Makes bowls and cups and things. [C] Produces shampoo bottles, car handles, and so on. [D] Manufactures plastic things.24. [A] 50 minutes. [B] 60 minutes. [C] 10 minutes. [D] 15 minutes.25. [A] Their lives and friends. [B] Marketing strategy and production. [C] Meetings and suppliers. [D] Production and customers.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One26. [A] 150 healthy people. [B] 150 unhealthy people. [C] 300 patients. [D] 300 people.27. [A] Humorous individuals. [B] People who had undergone treatment for blocked arteries. [C] People who did not laugh much. [D] People who had a strong sense of humor.28. [A] To express your anger rather than bottle it up inside you. [B] To make yourself laugh. [C] To offset the harmful effect of stress in your arteries. [D] To hide your feelings.Passage Two29. [A] Work. [B] Food. [C] Social status. [D] Age.30. [A] Old people. [B] Teenagers. [C] Infants. [D] Adults.31. [A] Their food is less nutrient. [B] They do not have enough money to go to hospital. [C] They live in narrow space where colds infection rate is higher. [D] They have to work very hard.Passage Three32. [A] Die. [B] Become such people as George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison. [C] Become very successful. [D] Find it extremely difficult to get a job.33. [A] A college diploma will help one to get a successful career more easily. [B] After college education, one should not pursue further education. [C] After college education, one must have an MBA from a first-rate university. [D] After college education, the more one gets education, the less he will earn after graduation.34. [A] Physics or chemistry. [B] English or history. [C] Anthropology or political science. [D] Language or philosophy.35. [A] High school teachers. [B] Taxi drivers. [C] Waiters. [D] Fruit sellers,Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Yesterday we discussed the problem of rising prices. In other words, or in the (36) terms, it is regarded as inflation. We noted that, during the (37) of inflation, all prices and incomes do not rise at the same rate. Some incomes rise more slowly than the cost of living, and a few do not rise at all. Other incomes, (38) , rise more (39) than the cost of living.We concluded that persons with fixed incomes, as for example, the (40) who depend upon pensions, a person with slow-rising incomes as, for example, an (41) with a salary agreed to in a long-term (42) will be most seriously affected by inflation. Please (43) that while their dollar incomes stay the same, the cost of goods and services rises, and in effect, real income decreases; that is (44) .We also talked about the fact that (45) , since high prices would increase sales and profits would likely rise faster then the cost of living.And now, before we begin today's lecture, (46) ? Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Archaeology is a source of history, not just a humble auxiliary discipline. Archaeological data are historical (47) in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts. Just as much (48) any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to (49) the process that has created the human world to which we live—and us ourselves in so far as we are each creatures of our age and (50) environment. Archaeological data are all changes in the material world (51) from human action or, more succinctly, the fossilized results of human behavior.The sum total of these constitutes (52) may be called the archaeological record. This record exhibits certain (53) and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather superficial (54) between archaeological history and the more familiar kind based (55) written records.Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air are of great importance,(56) they leave no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless recorded.A) social B) as C) what D) upon E) document F) yetG) and H) relic I) like J) contrast K) destroy L) similarityM) reconstitute N) resulting O) commonalitiesSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneWhen risk of death from heart attack is plotted on a graph against alcohol consumption, studies consistently show a U-shaped curve, which suggests that non-drinkers and heavy drinkers have higher rates of heart disease than light to moderate drinkers. The implication is that moderate drinking offers protection from heart disease.For years, doctors believed that the death rate among people who do not drink at all was artificially high because it included a substantial number of reformed drinkers, irreparably damaged by alcohol. However, more recent studies which separate life-long drinkers from abstainers have shown that abstainers are still at high risk.Studies have shown that moderate drinkers have higher levels of high-density lipoproteins (脂蛋白) in their blood. This is the "good" cholesterol that protects against heart disease. Alcohol also appears to reduce the risk of heart diseases. Though drinking alcohol in moderation undoubtedly brings some benefits, it is important not to play down the dangers of heavy drinking. Alcohol is related to a string of health problems including cirrhosis (硬化) of the liver, cancer of the mouth, high blood pressure and hemorrhage stroke.Some people believe that wine, in particular, has additional beneficial properties that set it apart from other alcoholic drinks. The French have significantly less heart disease than does any other industrialized nation except Japan. For example, in Toulouse, France, the annual heart disease death rate per 100,000 men is 78--barely a fifth of the number in Glasgow, Scotland. French doctors believe that the low rate of heart disease is a result of the fact that the French consume large quantities of wine.The relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of developing cancer has also been studied. Population studies suggest that people who drink moderately are at less risk than those who do not drink at all. Again, wine may be largely responsible for the benefits.Other research suggests that drinking moderate amounts of alcohol also reduces the risk of catching everyday infections like colds. A recent study showed that drinking two units of alcohol dally can halve susceptibility to infections.57. What is the main idea of this passage?[A] Why people should not drink alcohol. [B] The relationship between drinking alcohol and the possibility of cancer. [C] Benefits and dangers of drinking alcohol. [D] Reasons for drinking alcohol.58. What is the implication of the study mentioned in Paragraph 1?[A] It provides reasons for heavy drinkers of alcohol. [B] It proves that drinking causes the possibility of heart disease. [C] It consolidated people's believe that drinking is harmful. [D] It shows that moderate drinking might help reduce the possibility of heart disease.59. What does the word "abstainer" (Line 4, Para. 2) mean?[A] Heavy drinkers. [B] People who never drink. [C] People who used to drink but not any more. [D] Moderate drinkers.60. Which of the following is the substance mentioned that helps to protect against heart disease?[A] Lipoproteins. [B] Cholesterol. [C] Both. [D] Neither.61. Which country is given as an example to show the benefits of wine on people's health?[A] Britain. [B] The United States. [C] France. [D] Japan.Passage TwoDinkum's informed their workforce last week that in a desperate attempt to save jobs, they would move over to a job-share system. Rather than face unemployment, their workers are being offered the chance to work on a half-time basis where two people will share the responsibility of one. "We're giving our workers a choice. They can take redundancy if they prefer but if they want to stay with us, we can only offer them half their previous earnings," said a spokesman for the factory.Beryl Harris, 47, is one of the many workers who have opted for the job-share arrangement. "I know what it's like to be unemployed. I've watched my husband lose his self-respect in these last two years."Sunnington has one of the highest unemployment rates in the country. Ron has been looking for work since Dinkum's broke the news to him two and a half years ago. "I've probably applied for more than a hundred jobs: as a laborer, a watchman and so on and I even tried to get a job as a dustman once--bnt nobody wants a guy of my age."Ron's experience is not uncommon. "The streets are full of broken men and the employment exchange is one of the worst places imaginable." Ron and Beryl are already starting to worry about whether their two teenage children will find work when they leave school. "It's bad enough with two of us trying to keep busy at home in the afternoons now but I have nightmares thinking about four of us without jobs," says Beryl.When asked what they think of Dinkum' s new job-share plan, Ron and Beryl Were in agreement. "At least they're trying to find a solution. It' s not their fault that this government of this country has made such a mess of things. Anything's better than living on state benefit and waking up every day without anything to do." Ron recalled cases of an unemployed man committing suicide in a nearby town. "I can see why he did it but I'll never get to that stage." It's a widely recognized problem that people who do not work can become severely depressed and listless.62. What does the new mechanism do to solve the problem of unemployment?[A] It guarantees job for people who are employed currently. [B] It helps to get work for more people by giving each of them less work. [C] It ensures a welfare payment to unemployed people. [D] It helps people to find new jobs through providing training.63. Why did Beryl decide to take the job-share arrangement?[A] She needs money to pay for her children's tuition. [B] She is afraid of depression and losing self-esteem. [C] She loves her job and the factory. [D] She believes her luck will not change.64. What is one reason mentioned in the passage that Ron hasn't been able to find a new job for a long time?[A] No jobs are available. [B] He has been too picky about jobs. [C] He is too old. [D] He watches too much television.65. What can be inferred from this passage?[A] There are a lot of people like Ron. [B] There is few companies in this county. [C] People in this county do not want to work. [D] The county is far away from major business center.66. Beryl and Ron believe that it's ______ fault that they only have half a job between them.[A] their own [B] the government's [C] the factory's [D] the children'sPart ⅤClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.The Chinese New Year is a big traditional holiday in Singapore. On its Eve, while many will (67) for the reunion dinner, others will head for the airport or train station to "flee" (68) such festivities. With a (69) number of Singaporeans going on overseas tours during this time, the Chinese New Year holiday has in recent years become a (70) season for travel agents, (71) it Used to be a lull period for them. Isn't Chinese New Year the (72) important traditional festival for the Chinese? Well, for those who choose to (73) flight, it means an opportunity to enjoy a holiday out of the country. The concern is, if even Chinese New Year can be (74) , what other traditional festivals cannot be disregarded? Why do we need to (75) traditional festivals? Firstly, they are inseparable from our ethnic identity. The Chinese, Malays and Indians all have their own traditional festivals (76) which they derive "a sense of belonging to a particular community". So if any Chinese does not see himself (77) one, there is no need for him to celebrate any Chinese festivals. True, everyone has the right to (78) traditions. The problem is: you cannot deny your ethnic origins or change your skin color. We are (79) with a certain skin color which cannot be "bleached"—if one has a "yellow face" and yet refuse to (80) with the Chinese, who else can he or she identify with? Secondly, the (81) spirit of the more than 2000-year-old Chinese New Year is closely intertwined with the traditional culture and values of the Chinese. (82) its core is the Confucian value of good interpersonal relationships. Traditional Chinese festivals (83) center on maintaining and improving human relations. Reunion dinner helps to (84) family ties while the exchange of gifts and greetings enhance relations among friends. To skip the reunion dinner and stay (85) from Chinese New Year means losing many great opportunities to forge stronger kinship and friendship ties. A tradition must be capable of being (86) down from one generation to another. Yet this does not mean traditions cannot be changed.67. [A] separate [B] invite [C] gather [D] long68. [A] from [B] for [C] over [D] back to69. [A] constant [B] decreasing [C] stable [D] increasing70. [A] moderate [B] peak [C] gloomy [D] festival71. [A] although [B] despite [C] so [D] because72. [A] less [B] more [C] desired [D] most73. [A] deny [B] delay [C] take [D] miss74. [A] cherished [B] ignored [C] dismissed [D] forgot75. [A] preserve [B] conceal [C] note [D] disguise76. [A] from [B] to [C] on [D] like77. [A] have [B] as [C] in [D] on78. [A] take [B] refute [C] reject [D] endure79. [A] born [B] given [C] having [D] covered80. [A] live [B] recognize [C] identify [D] realize81. [A] superficial [B] marginal [C] essence [D] fundamental82. [A] in [B] at [C] by [D] with83. [A] seldom [B] frequently [C] invariably [D] hardly84. [A] improve [B] deepen [C] maintain [D] refurbish。
英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练-第9套短文(1)
英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练:第9套短文(1)听力文本：Passage 1短文一The Golden Gate Bridge is celebrating its seventy-seventh anniversary. The bridge opened to vehicle traffic on May 28th, 1937.金门大桥迎来了它的77岁生日。
它的开始通车时间是1937年5月28日。
Since then, more than two billion vehicles have crossed the world famous structure between San Francisco and Marin County, California.迄今，在这座闻名世界、贯通加州三藩市和马林县的大桥上通行过的车辆已超过20亿。
As many as 112,000 cars make the trip each day.而每天从这里经过的车辆就多达11.2万。
The Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension span in the world, at the time it was built.金门大桥最初建成时期是世界跨度最大的悬索桥。
The suspended roadway stretches 1,280 meters between the bridge's two tall towers.Today it still rates among the top ten longest bridge spans in existence.两座桥塔之间的桥身长达1280米。
在现存悬索桥中仍跻身前十。
Mary Currie works for the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District.玛丽·居里在负责大桥事务的金门大桥高速公路和交通运输区工作。
Keytomodeltest9专四模拟题答案
Keytomodeltest9专四模拟题答案Key to model test nineBritish WomenBritish women, in common with women in most Western countries, have been fighting for sexual equality with men for much of the last century. Their achievements have been considerable.First and foremost, discrimination against anyone on the grounds of their sex alone is illegal. For women, this means they are entitled to be given equal respect and status with men in all areas of life. Many British women expect to pursue careers for intellectual, financial and social reasons. They also expect equal pay with men for the same job. When they have family responsibilities, some women, depending on financial and other circumstances, choose not to work; others choose to take time off work while their children are young. In still other families, the father will give up work while the mother continues to pursue her career. In all thesecases, men and women are generally expected to share the domestic responsibilities at home with their partners.PART II1-5 CBBDC6-10 DBADB11-15 BACCD16-20 AADDA21-25 ABDAA26-30 BDDDCPART III31-35 CDBCA36-40 BAACA41-45 ABCAA46-50 BABCDPART IV51-55 CAAAB56-60 BAABA61-65 BDBCA66-70 AABBB71-75 BAAAB76-80 CAACBPART V81-85 BDADD86-90 BCCAC91-95 CDBAD96-100 DDABCPART VIThe Importance of Cooperation Nowadays cooperation turns out to be the mainstream of our life. And people are becoming increasingly aware of the significance of cooperation. In my opinion, cooperation is of prime importance for the individuals, companies and the whole society.I have several reasons to support my point of view.To start with, by cooperating with others we can achieve things that can't be donesingle-handed. For example, when playing basketball, every player must attach great importance to team work, otherwise he would lose the game. Secondly, cooperation conduces to the establishment of harmonious atmosphere among fellow workers. Although competition has been listed as a prominent feature in the workplace, cooperation should always come first becausecompanies that stress competition more than anything else characterize bad interpersonal relationships and oppressing circumstances. Thirdly, cooperation can benefit the whole society because unity is strength, as the saything goes.A case in point is the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. Were it not for the cooperation of millions of people, the Olympics would not be as successful as it was.On the whole, cooperation is quite important in our life. If we pay more attention to it, we will achieve more and contribute more to the society.Note-writingApril 21st Dear Mary,I've learnt that you have bought a new filling cabinet. Since I'm very interested in it, could you be kind enough to tell me some details about it?First, does it occupy a lot of space? Second, does it have a large capacity?I would be grateful if you let me know the above information and I am expecting your quick reply.Sincerely yours,Alice。
CET4模拟测试题9ModelTest9
CET4模拟测试题9ModelTest9Model Test N i n ePart I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two ways to learn about other countries: one is to travel abroad and the other to obtain the information online. You are to make a choice. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section AQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) Because the storm had cut power to them.B)Because the roads to them had been flooded.C)Because there might be mud slides.D)Because there might be tsunami.2.A) It is expected to last until Saturday afternoon.B)It has caused over 300 traffic deaths.C)It is the strongest one in years.D)It will be at its strongest on Saturday afternoon.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) A car crash. B) A bushfire. C) A burglary. D) A terrorist attack.4.A) More than 15 homes had moved our.B)More than 50 homes had joined the fight.C)They had not had the fire under control yet.D)They had found a way to put out the fire.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) They are useful in terms of security but have rusted.B)They are useful in terms of security but not beautiful.C)They are no longer strong enough to protect the tower.D)They are no longer needed as a photo spot.6.A) It is the most visited monument in the world.B)It is totally free of charge for visiting.C)The entry to the forecourt of the tower is free.D)The entry to the forecourt of the tower will be charged.7.A) Less visitor entrances. C) Ornamental lights.B)More security guards. D) Better elevators.Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) He played tennis for his high school team.B)He played football for his high school team.C)He played tennis starting from his junior year.D)He played tennis starting from his senior year.9.A) Tennis. B) Basketball. C) Golf. D) Volleyball.10.A) Because he has a lot in common with the woman.B)Because he thinks the woman is a good player.C)Because his team lacks girl players.D)Because his team can learn a lot from the woman.11.A) Join the man to watch a match. B) Visit a new stadium with the man.C) Watch the man play in a match. D) Join the man to play in a match. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) An interview between a customer and a shopping aB)An interview between an airport staff and a passenger.C)A conversation between two working staff about the airport’s future improvement.D)A conversation between an air-hostess and a passenger about the inflight meal service.13.A) Because many people want to stay in shape.B)Because he wants to take every chance to improve his health.C)Because many people are tired after long flights.D)Because massaging will be a good way to kill time.14.A) Seasonal ones. B) Fresh ones. C) Local ones. D) Juicy ones.15.A) Disappointing. B) Satisfying. C) Outdated. D) Lovely.Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Because the planets are the same size as Earth.B)Because the planets are similar in many aspects to Earth.C)Because the planets are capable of supporting life.D)Because the planets have water on their surface.17.A) They are rocky planets . B) They are gaseous like Jupiter.C) They are covered by water. D) They are covered by sea ice.18.A) Because it has the right temperature and enough greenhouse gases.B)Because it has the right amount of water and enough greenhouse gases.C)Because it has the right atmosphere and enough greenhouse gases.D)Because it has the right gravity and enough greenhouseQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) They should be widely used in the field of social services.B)They should be blamed for the increasing unemployment.C)They should be taxed the same amount as the people they replace.D)They should be taxed more than the ordinary people.20.A) They will surely face massive unemployment.B)They will need less income tax to spend.C)They will have less income tax to spend.D)They will have no need to cope with the changes.21.A) Psychologists. C) Room cleaners.B) Police officers. D) Doctors.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) People who sleep late are smarter and more creative.B)People who sleep late are always late for their jobs.C)People who sleep late are easily irritated.D)People who sleep hate are slow and ineffective in their jobs.23.A) You will feel exhausted all day long. B) You can’t justify your lateness.C) You will be late for your work. D) You can’t find persuasive excuses.I) flexibility J) identical K) informed L) likely M) mistake N) selectively O) shapingA) betterB) competitivelyC) contraryD) curiosityE) evidenceF) explainedG) facilityH) fact24. A) Because they can fully enjoy themselves late at night.B) Because they can fully concentrate their attention late at night.C) Because they can read the most fascinating book late at night.D) Because they can make rapid progress in mentality late at night.25. A) Group intelligence tests. C) Deductive reasoning tests.B) Emotional intelligence tests. D) Inductive reasoning tests.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section AQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ask a left-wing Briton what they believe about the safety of nuclear power, and you can guess their answer. Ask a right-wing American about the risks posed by climate change, and you can also make a 26 guess than if you didn’t know their politic al affiliation. Issues like these feel like they should be 27 by science, not our political tribes, but sadly, that’s not what happens.Psychology has long shown that education and intelligence won’t stop your politics from 28 your broader worldview, even if those beliefs do not match the hard evidence. Instead ,your ability to weigh up the facts may depend on a less well-recognised trait- 29 .There is now a mountain of 30 to show that politics doesn’t just help predict people’s views on some scientific issues; it alsoaffects how they interpret new information. This is why it is a 31 to think that you can somehow “ correct” people’s views on an issue by giving th em more facts, since study after study has shown that people have a tendency to 32 reject facts that don’t fit with their existing views.But smarter people shouldn’t be susceptible to prejudice swaying their opinions, right? Wrong. Other research shows that people with the most education, highest mathematical abilities, and the strongest tendencies to be reflective about their beliefs are the most 33 to resist information which should contradict their prejudices . This undermines the simplistic assumption that prejudices are the result of too much gut instinct and not enough deep thought. Rather, people who have the 34 for deeper thought about an issue can use those cognitive powers to justify what they already believe and find reasons to dismiss apparently_ 35 evidence.Section BHow to Fix the Internet[A] We have to fix the internet. After 40 years, it has begun to corrode, both itself and us . It is still a marvelous and miraculous invention, but now there are bugs in the foundation, bats in the belfry, and trolls in the basement.[B] I do not mean this to be one of those technophobic rants insulting the interne for rewiring our brains to give us the nervous attention span of Donald Trump on Twitter or pontificating about how we have to log off and smell the flowers. Those worries about new technologies have existed ever since Plato was concerned that the technology of writing would threaten memorization and oratory (演讲术) .I love the interne and all of its digital offshoots. What I feel sad for is its decline.[C]There is a bug in its original design that at first seemed like a feature but has gradually, and now rapidly, been exploited by hackers and trolls and malevolent actors: Its packets are encoded with the address of their destination but not of their authentic origin. With a circuit-switched network, you can track or trace back the origins of the information, but that’s not true with the packet-switched design of the internet.[D]Compounding this was the architecture that Tim Berners-Lee and the inventors of the early browsers created for the World Wide Web. It brilliantly allowed the whole of the earth’s computers to be webbed together and navigated through hyperlinks. But the links were one-way. You knew where the links took you . But if you had a webpage or pi ece of content, you didn’t exactly know who was linking to you or coming to use your content.[E]All of that protected the potential for anonymity. You could make comments anonymously. Go to a webpage anonymously. Consume content anonymously. With a little effort, send email anonymously . And if you figured out a way to get into someone’s servers or da tabases, you could do it anonymously.[F]For years, the benefits of anonymity on the net outweighed its drawbacks. People felt more free to express themselves, which was especially valuable if they were holding different opinions or hiding a personal secret. This was celebrated in the famous 1993 New Yorker cart oon, “On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.”[G]Now the problem is nobody can tell if you’re a troll. Or a hacker . Or a bot .Or a Macedonian (马其顿的) teenager publishing a story that the Pope has supported Trump . This haspoisoned civil discourse, enabled hacking, permitted cyberbullying , and made email a risk.[H]The lack of secure identification and authentication ( 身份认证) inherent in the internet’s genetic code had also prevented easy transactions, obstructed financial inclusion, destroyed the business models of content creators, unleashed the overflow of spam ( 垃圾邮件) ，and forced us to use passwords and two-factor authentication schemes that would have confused Houdini. The trillions being spent and the IQ points of computer science talent being allocated to tackle security issues make it a drag, rather that a spur, to productivity in some sectors.[I]It Pla to’s Republic, we learn the tale of the Ring of Gyges. Put it on , and you’re invisibl e and anonymous. The question that Plato asks is whether those who put on the ring will be civil and moral. He thinks not, The internet has proven him correct. The web is no longer a place of community, no longer a marketplace. Every day more sites are eliminating comments sections.[J]If we could start from scratch, here’s what I think we would do：Greate a system that enables content producers to negotiate with aggregators ( 整合者) and search engines to get a royalty whenever their content is used, like ASCAP has negotiated for public performances and radio airings of its members’ works. Embed (嵌入) a simple digital wallet and currency for quick and easy small payments for songs, blogs, articles , and whatever other digital content is for sale. Encode emails with an authenticated return or originating address. Enforce critical properties and security at the lowest levels of the system possible, such as in the hardware or in the programming language, instead of leaving it to programmers to incorporate security into everyline of code they write. Build chips and machines that update the notion of an internet packet. For those who want, their packets could be encoded or tagged with metadata ( 元数据) that describe what they contain and give the rules for how it can be used.[K]M ost internet engineers think that these reforms are possible, from Vint Cerf, the original TCP/IP coauthor, to Milo Medin of Google, to Howard Shrobe, the director of cybersecurity at MIT. “We don’t need to live in cyber hell,”Shrobe has argued. Implementing them is less a matter of technology than of cost and social will .Some people, understandably, will resist any reduction of anonymity, which they sometimes label privacy.[L]S o the best approach, I think, would be to try to create a voluntary system, for those who want to use it, to have verified identification and authentication. People would not be forced to use such a system. If they wanted to communicate and surf anonymously, they could. But those of us who choose, at times, not to be anonymous and not to deal with people who are anonymous should have that right as well. That’s the way it works in the real world.[M]T he benefits would be many. Easy and secure ways to deal with your finances and medical records. Small payment systems that could reward valued content rather than the current incentive to concentrate on clickbait for advertising. Less hacking, spamming, cyberbullying, trolling, and spewing of anonymous hate . And the possibility of a more civil discourse.36.The one-way hyperlinks enable users to do many things online anonymously.37.Although anonymity can make people conceal their identity online, now it has poisoned their online life.38.To adopt the voluntary system would be advantageous to our online life in a number of aspects.39.There are several ways to reduce anonymity if we can rebuild the internet from the very beginning.40.The author suggested inventing a system to let people go online anonymously or not as they wish.41.The author thinks the internet should be fixed not because he is afraid of new technologies but because problems arise in it.42.Pubic opposition could become one of the biggest obstacles to carrying out the reforms.43.The hazard of anonymity mentioned by Plato has been shown on the internet.44.People used to think that anonymity online did more good than harm.45.It is the design of the internet that makes it impossible to find out where the information comes from. Section C Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In today’s world, online social media has become more powerful and the most destructive thing over worldwide. Although with time all generations have come to embrace the changes social network has brought about, teenagers and young adults are the most fanatic users of these sites. According to various research studies in the field of online social networks, it has been revealed that these sites are impacting the lives of the youth greatly. When using these sites such as Twitter, Facebook or Myspace, there are both positive and negative effects on the youth.Firstly, social media helps the youth and any other userupdated with what is happening around the world, and helps the teenagers stay connected and interact with each other even if they are many miles apart. This strengthens their relationship. Even if they finished school and moved to different locations, they stay connected and update one another.In addition, social media sites have provided a platform whereby the youth can create groups and pages based on their common discipline and end up building connections and opportunities for their respective careers by updating various topics to discuss. Youth who have been interviewed say that social media has become their lifestyle and it makes their lives easier and more efficient.While on the one hand social network sites seem to bring people together and stay connected, on the other hand it causes many physical and mental health problems such as eyes infection, back problems, etc. Other negative effects of social networking various people suggested included encouraging poor spelling and grammar, exposing underage to online predators ( 捕食者) , allowing spread of misinformation that is seen as fact, decreasing productivity as those who are supposed to e working spend time in the sites to chat, providing a perfect platform for cyberbullying and providing details that increase risks of identity theft.“The more social media we have, the more we think we’re connecting, yet we are really disconnecting from each other.”In conclusion, social networking clearly portrays both positive and negative effects on the youth. It is the decision of individuals whether to use it in a right way or wrong.46.According to the first paragraph, .A)both online and offline social media have developed quicklyB)social medial sites are always being attackedC)the effects of social medial were welcomed in the beginningD)the most crazy fans of social medial are the youth47.What is young people’s purpose in adopting the platform offered by social media sites?A. To improve their academic performance.B)To lay the foundation for their future careers.C)To practice their debate skills.D)To change their way of living.48.What does the author mainly imply about the disadvantages of social networking?A)Increasing the prevalence of oral errors. B) Putting minors in danger.C) Spreading falsehoods and rumors. D) Leaki ng users’ personal information.49.The author’s attitude towards social media is .A)objective B) positive C) negative D) impassive50.What’s the main topic of this passage?A)The introduction of online social media history.B)The research on online social media.C)The influence of online social media on the youth.D)The correct way to use online social media.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Cutting toxic levels of city air pollution to safer levels is simple, but not easy-it requires resolve. Yet, despite the key culprit (罪犯) in the UK being well known-diesel (柴油机的) vehicles-the government has been asleep at the wheel for years.Levels of nitrogen dioxide (二氧化氮) have been illegally highacross much of the UK since 2010. In 2015 86% of major urban areas broke annual limits. Cutting this pollution means choking off diesel emissions and there is a wide range of effective measures available.Creating zones in city centres where polluting care are either banned or charged is important, while making cities safe for cycling cuts traffic too.Cleaner buses and taxis have an important role to play and change to the perverse taxes that encourage people to buy diesel over cleaner cars is needed. There is also some support for a revival of a scrappage scheme which saw dirty old bangers taken off the road.The environment and transport departments were well aware of all this and proposed many of these measures internally, only for the Treasury to reject most of them, arguing they “ would be political ly very difficult, especially given the impacts on motorists.”Motorists happen to be particularly badly exposed to air pollution, but the real political difficulty for the government is two humiliating legal defeats in two years where judges ruled its air pollution plans were so bad they were illegal.Ministers have now been forced to come up with a third plan, but clean air zones and car tax changes take time to clean up the air. Yet the UK government is also in the slow lane when it comes to emergency measures.When foul air descended on Paris in December, officials there swung into action. Public transport was made free and the number of cars allowed on roads was restricted, alternately barring those with odd and even licence plates. In the UK, during the same December smog, the government sent a few tweets.At the root of the problem are diesel cars, which successive governments across Europe have utterly failed to ensure meet legal emissions limits when driving in real-world conditions on the road. The gaming of regulatory tests by carmakers was blown open by the Volkswagen scandal. The scandal of governments prioritising supposed driver freedom over the lungs and health of their citizens is only now playing out.51.What does the author think of fixing air pollution in the first paragraph？A)It is a piece of cake. B) It needs political will.C) It is the main problem. D) It has a lone way to go.52.The aim of those in favor of a scrappage scheme is .A)to reduce diesel emissions B) to encourage the use of old carsC) to retire low-end old vehicles D) to cut own on traffic accidents53.It can be inferred from the passage that the Treasury .A)was quite clear about the current situation of air pollutionB)opposed almost every proposal about reducing air pollutionC)believed the anti-pollution measures to be unaffordableD)made such objections partly due to the effects on drivers54.Why do the UK ministers have to put forward a third air pollution plan?A)Because drivers are suffering the most from sir pollution.B)Because the first two plans were found illegal by the judges.C)Because long-term solutions are ignored by the government.D)Because emergency measures are falling behind.55.Which of the following measures did the Frenchgovernment take when smog suddenly arrived in December?A)Establishing clean air zones. C) Limiting vehicles based on license plate number.B)Reforming car taxes. D) Posting several announcements on Twitter.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)西汉时期，中国的船队就达到了印度和斯里兰卡（Sri Lanka）,用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃（colored glaze）、珍珠等物品。
大学英语四级考试冲刺试卷09
大学英语四级考试冲刺试卷09Model Test NinePart I listening Comprehension (20 minutes )Section ADirections: in this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the cerebration and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must rend the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) Sarah is going to see her elder brother.B) Sarah' s mother and her elder brother are leaving for Paris.C) Sarah is going to see her mother.D) Sarah' s elder brother is in Paris.2. A) To wash the dishes.B) To answer the phone.C) To answer the door.D) To got newspaper for him.3. A) Customer and salesman.B) Teacher and student.C) Policeman and passerby.D) Doctor and patient.4. A) In a school.B) At a theatre.C) In a restaurant.D) If a bank.5. A) She may be driving at 7 o'clock.B) She may' be going to the party.C) She may be seeing her friends.D) She may be going to the theatre.6. A) 9:00 a.m.B) 9:10 a.m.C) 10:00 a.m.D) 10:20 a.m.7. A) Yes, he likes it very much.B) Yes, he finds it.C) No, he finds it very boring.D) No, he finds it very hard.8. A) Doing his homework.B) Playing with Iris dog.C) Watching TV.D) Ringing his girlfriend.9. A) She had to review her lessons.B) She had to brush her teeth.C) She had to attend a class.D) She had to study her notes.10. A) On foot.B) By taxi.C) Driving.D) By bus.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) She sat back mad relaxed.B) She worked out a new English program.C) She decided to retire.D) She entered university.12. A) 8 ears.B) 20 years.C) 16 years.D) 30 years.13. A) Bring a fear of aging among young students on the campus.B) Bring a go-eat deal of useful experience to the university.C) Improve human relationships in the university.D) Improve the reputation of the university.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Twenty-five million.B) Sixty thousand.C) Seven million.D) Four hundred million.15. A) A kitchen.B) A store.C) An engine.D) A theater.16. A) It has 2 engines.B) It }ms 4 -engines.C) It has 6 engines.D) It has 8 engines.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Polite behavior.B) Kind behavior.C) Helpful behavior.D) All of the above.18. A) To show that he has enjoyed it.B) To show' that he has had enough.C) To show that he is very thirsty.D) To show that he is poor.19. A) He takes his torn when waiting for a bus.B) He gives his seat to an older person or a lady who is standing.C) He helps the poor when they are in trouble.D) He says" Thank you" when he receives something.20. A) Different Manners.B) Good Manners.C) Bad Manners.D) Customs of Other Races.Part Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Today, more and more people ate using credit cards instead of money to buy the things they need. Almost anyone who has a steady income and a continuous work record can apply for a credit card.layout have a credit card, you can buy a car, eat a dinner, take a trip, and even get a haircut by charging the cost to your account. In this way, you can pay for purchases a month or two later, without any extra charge. Or you may choose to spread out your payments over several months and pay only part of the total amount each month. If you do this, the credit card company orthe bank who sponsors(经办) the credit card will add a small service charge to your total bill. This is very convenient for the customer. With the credit card in your wallet or purse, you don't have to carry? much cash. This saves you trips to the bank to cash checks or withdraw cash. Also if you carry' credit cards instead of a lot of cash, you don' t have to be concerned about losing your money enough cheerlessness or theft. The card user only has to worry about paying the final bill. This of course can be a problem if you charge more than you can pay for.Credit cards are big business. Americans spend 16 billion a year on cards and there are already 590 million of them in circulation. Many banks sponsor their own credit card companies and issue cards free to their customers. Other credit card companies charge their member annual dues ( 费用). The stores that accept credit cards must pay a small fee to the credit card company-a percentage of the purchase price of the merchandise or service. In turn, the credit card company promptly(立即)pays the store for the merchandise or service. Credit card companies make a profit from the fees they charge the store and also from the fees collected from customers who pay for their charges in monthly installments. However, or edit card companies sometimes have problems collecting undue payments from unreliable customers. Also the use of stolen, lest, or counterfeit credit cards by criminals has become a big headache for the credit card company that is responsible for the goods and services illegally charged to its customers ' account.21. The main purpose of this passage is __A) to promote the sale of credit cardsB) to persuade you not to buy credit cardsC) to explain credit card economyD) to give you some instructions on how to use the credit card22. Why me more and more people using credit cards?A) Because they are becoming richer and richer.B) Because everyone can apply for the credit card.C) Because it is cheap to buy goods by using a credit card.D) Because it is convenient for them to buy goods.23. According to the anther, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE___.A) With a credit card you can pay for purchases two months later.B) With a credit card you can charge the cost to your account.C) With a credit card you don't have to be worried about a thief.D) Whit the credit card you don't have to worry about your final bill.24. In the passage, "Credit cards are big business" means that___.A) credit card banks earn a lot of moneyB) credit cards are sold at a high priceC) every customer has bought a credit cardD) customers must pay a lot of money to the credit card companies25. The credit card companies have difficulties in __A) charging goods and services to their customers accostB) gathering overdue paymentsC) finding the owners of lost credit cardsD) soiling their cardsPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies, there are both state and federal courts. Each state has its own system of courts, composed of civil and criminal trial courts, sometimes intermediate courts of appeal, and a state supreme court. The federal court system consists of a series of trial courts (called distrait courts) serving relatively small geographic regions (there is at least one for every state), a tier of circuit courts of appeal that hear appeals from many district courts in a particular geographic region, and the Supreme Court of the United States. The two court systems are to some extent overlapping, in that certainkinds of disputes (such as a claim that a state law is in violation of the constitution) may boo initiated in either system. They are also to some extent hierarchical, for the federal system stands above the state system in that litigants (persons engaged in lawsuits) who lose their cases in the state supreme court may appeal -their cases to the Supreme Court of the United States.Thus, the typical corm case begins in a trim courts--a court of general jurisdiction-- in the state or federal system. Most cases go no further than the trial court: for example, the criminal defendant is convicted (by a trial or a guilty plea) and sentenced by the court and the case ends; the personal injury suit results in a judgment by a trial court (or an out-of-court settlement by the parties which the courts suit is pending) and the parties leave thecourt system. But sometimes the losing patty at the trial court cares enough about the cause may appeal to the next higher court.26. What does the passage mainly discuss?A) Civil and criminal trial courts.B) Trial corm cases.C) The court system in the United States.D) The appeal court process.27. According to the passage district courts are known as __A) circuit courtsB) supreme courtsC) intermediate courtsD) trial courts28. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the phrase "engaged in" could best be replaced___A) committed toB) involved inC) attentive toD) engrossed in29. The passage indicates that litigants who lost their cases in the state trial court may take them to a___A) different trial court in the same stateB ) court in a different geographic regionC) federal trial courtD) state supreme court30. It can be inferred from the passage that typical courtcases are __A) always appealedB) usually resolved in the district courtsC) always overlappingD) usually settled by the supreme courtPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Leaning how to write is like taking a course in public speaking. I' d ask whether anyone in class had ever taken such a course. Invariably a few hands would go up."What did you learn in that course? "I'd ask."Well, the main thing was learning how to face an audience ... not to be inhibited.., not to be nervous..."Exactly, when you take a course in public speaking nowadays, you don't hear much about grammar and vocabulary. Instead, you're taught how Nat to be afraid or embossed, how to speak without a prepared script, how to read not to the live audience before you. Public speaking is a matter of overcoming your long-standing nervous inhibitions.The same is true of writing. The point of the whole thing is to overcome your nervous inhibitions, to break through the invisible barrier that separates you from the person who'll read what you wrote. You must learn to sit in front of your typewriter or dictating machine and read out to the person at the other end of the line.Of course, in public speaking, with the audience right in front of you, the problem is easier. You can look at them and talk to them directly. In writing, you' re alone. It needs an effort of yourexperience or imagination to take hold of that other person and talk to Tim or her. But that effort is necessary at least it's necessary until you vet reached the poem when you quite naturally and unconsciously "talk on paper.31. The topic of the passage is __A) how to be a good writerB) how to be a good speakerC) how to express yourself with your wordsD) how to get rid of nervousness in public speaking32. The public speech course mainly teaches students __A) how to make an attractive speech using perfect grammar and vocabularyB) how to express themselves exactly and vividlyC) how to collect data needed and organize itD) how to get over their nervousness when making a speech.33. The similarity between making a public speech and writing is that __A) you have to do a lot of preparation work beforehandB) you should get over your nervous inhibitionsC) you should know grammar and vocabulary well to accomplish themD) both of them have audience34. In the opinion of the author, public speaking is much easier than writing because __A) public speaking requires less effort than writingB) it's unnecessm5' for you to write a lot for speech and you can say anything as you likeC) you face the audience directly in public speaking; wifely writing is otherwiseD) in public .,;peaking, the audience have to listen to you whether they like it or not35. The author of this passage probably is a___A) bossB) politicianC) writerD) proffersPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful. This might. be called laziness, but Dr. Liftman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why it is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues( 自方自语) as: "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his tempter and energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn tomake your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Liftman believes. Maybe you' re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Contempt(对抗)your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won' t change your cycle, but you' 11 get up steam and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn(licit)and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.36. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably __A) he is a lazy personB) he refuses to follow his own energy cycleC he is not sure when his energy is lowD) he is at his peak in the aft moon or evening37. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage___.A) Unawareness of tile energy cycles.B). Familiar monologues.C) A change in a family member's energy cycle.D) Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.38. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in tile morning, he should __A) change his energy cycleB) overcome his lazinessC) get up earlier than usualD) go to bed earlier39. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ____A) help to keep your energy for the day's workB) help you to control your temper early in the dayC) enable you to concentrate on your routine workD) keep your energy cycle under control all day.40. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE.9___A) Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.B) Dr. Liftman explains why people reach their peaks at different hour of day.C) Habit helps one adapt to his own energy cycle.D) Children have energy cycles, too.Part IV Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices ranched A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. At the age of 16, he went to university where he was proficient __ the Eight classics.B) atC) onD) with42. Convinced that the less labor a man did, the better for him and community, Thoreau __ to the shore of Walden Pond.A) returnedB) retreatedC) retiredD) withdrew43. Some of the poor even could not pay for the coats and shoes which are fast wearing or are already worn___A) downB) outC) offD) on44. The happy sorcerer days of scheming, climbing, and bicycling were __ by only one thing.A) markedB) marredC) mutilatedD) mimed45. Union gave off its strange rays even when it had not been exposed __ sunlight.A) toC) atD) on46. No one spoke, for each student was intent __ what he was doing.A) withB) atC) inD) upon47. He proposed to man5, her, but she __A) turned him offB) named him onC) turned him downD) turned him out48. He was __ of his political rights because of the bribery.A) deprivedB) acquittedC) acquaintedD) accused49. You two have got a lot __A) in generalB) in commonC) in allD) in any case50. The speaker was shouted down by the __ crowd.A) hostileB) hospitableC) genialD) amicable51. There is a __ difference in her appearance today. Have you sensed something unusual?A) normalB) nobleC) noticeableD) standard52. He has __ from his illness and can go not camping now.A) renewedB) restoredC) recoveredD) replaced53. After dinner she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for __ an hour, and think of her young and happy days.A) as long asB) as soon asC) as much asD) as more as54. Because of the traffic jam __ I was caught, I was late for the meeting.A) whichB) thatC) in whichD) in that55. I think it advisable that ire __ for T okyo soon.A) will leaveB) may leaveC) leaveD) leaves56. The flock of geese was flying through. the sky in perfect formation following __ leader.A) itsB) theirC) hisD) her57. Hardly had he finished his speech __ the audience started cheering.A) thanB) whenC) asD) while58. Do you __ to taking these goods without paying for them?A) acknowledgeB) admitC) confessD) own59. Having lost consciousness for twenty hours, the wounded soldier __ again at last.A) came offB) came throughC) came roundD) came up60. We have to __ Niles for the behavior of the members; otherwise, they will not behave properly.A) lay downB) lay offC) lay' outD) lay aside61. Fish ___ in this river. Why not catch some fish for dinner?A) is aboundB) aboundC) aboundsD) are abound62. She __ her parents' wish to marry her to that man.A) &fled againstB) resistedC) defiedD) despised63. The article was well - written__ a few mistakes in spelling.A) exceptB) except forC) butD) besides64. The only __ to that mountain - town is a anew and dirty road.A) entranceB) gateC) wayD) access65. Jack is __ and is always ready to start a fight.A) offensiveB) aggressiveC) annoyingD) repellent66. You should __ that he had been in bad health these days. He could do much better if he were well.A) take into accountB) account forC) take for grantedD) count on67. The TV set was repaired but not quite ____ the owner's satisfaction.A) atB) forC) ofD) to68. It' s hard job for a primary school student to Write __ composition.A) a nine-thousand-wordsB) a nine thousand wordsC) a nine-thousand-wordD) a nine thousand words69. new design of modem architecture concentrates on usefulness __ decoration.A) rather thanB) other thanC) insteadD) rather70. Jack __ my letter; otherwise he would have replied before how.A) ought not have receivedB) Sheldon' t have receivedC) has been receivedD) could' t have receivedPart 1V Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest passable words (not exceeding 10 words).The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness.As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public place, some of the country' s most talented artists have been eared in to tans found older hospitalsand to soften the hard edges of modem buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.These recent initiatives owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester Hospital in Northeastern England during the early 1970s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modem society, and that art should be enjoyed a wider audience.A typical hospital waiting mom might have as ninny as visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art; paintings, in the outpatients waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britain' s first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates.The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms, the visitor experiences a fillview of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards.The quality of the environment may' reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who has a view onto a gannet needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view al all or only a brick wall to look at.Questions:71. What is the main topic of the passage?72. What does the author mean by using the phrase" to soften the hard edge of modem buildings," in the second paragraph?73. What can we as)' of Peter Senior?74. What earl we conclude from the fact that six young artschool graduates joined Peter?75. What does the last paragraph suggest?Part V Writing (3o men)My Ideal Job提示：多数人都有自己理想的工作。
大学英语四级听力专项(Model Test 9)
2012年12月英语四级听力 专项Model Test 9Listening Comprehension (35minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)、B ）、C ）and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.11. A) The physics class is very difficult.B) The physics class is not given this term.C) The physics class is easier than people think.D) The physics class should be cancelled if possible.12. A)He was satisfied with his military service.B) He had been on the warship before.C) He had never been on a warship.D) He had been on the warship before.13. A) Put ice on her foot..B) See a doctor at once.C) Give her foot a good rest.D) Take the doctor’s advice.14. A) They broke down and could go no further.B) They haven’t achieved much.C) They have produced a general agreement.D) They haven’t stared yet.15. A) The woman is out of shape.B) The woman doesn’t need a new racket.C) The woman also needs new tennis shoes.D) The woman spent too much on her tennis shoes.16. A) He could make an apology to Mary.B) He may talk to Mary directly.C) He should excuse Mary’s behavior.D) He should n’t always pull a long face.17. A) She didn’t like the style.B) The coat didn’t fit her.C) She couldn’t afford it.D) The fabric felt uncomfortable.18. A) She has been on the trip herself and enjoyed it.B) She wouldn’t consider going on t he trip.C) She thinks the class is too advanced for the man.D) She thinks there’s a good reason to go on the trip.Question 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He is late for classes too often.B) He has missed too many classes.C) He has failed in the exam again.D) He is a trouble-maker at school.20. A) Students are going to take the final exam today.B) It’s the last day Steve can drop the class with a full refund.C) Students have to hand in their reports today.D) It’s the final day Steve can apply for a loan.21. A) Drop the class.B) Make up the missed lessons.C) Stop taking part-time job.D) Transfer to another school.Question 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) The quality of goods and services has improved.B) Most people are reducing their consumption.C) Complaint channels are too limited.D) Many people don’t bother to complain.23. A) Electrical appliances.B) Travel agencies.C) Photographic and sound equipment.D) Clothing.24. A) They account for the largest proportion.B) 90 percent of them are reasonable.C) Most of them are for delayed air tickets.D) Few of them are for poor accommodation.25. A) Two weeks.B) Less than two weeks.C) Two to three weeks.D) More than three weeks.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage one.26. A) It is an international organization.B) It only exists in poor countries.C) People always think highly of it.D) Anyone can join the group easily.27. A) To try to stop the war in Italy.B) To help the wounded in the battle.C) To form an international treaty.D) To aid the injured in the earthquake.28. A) Protecting the prisoners of war.B) Teaching first aid to the public.C) Raising money for public fund.D) Publicizing the idea of charity.Passage Two29. A) They are offered for those with an interest in the courses.B) Employers and employees in a company are both welcome.C) People who will retire in a few years are the target students.D) Students from a normal university can attend the courses.30. A) Specialist speakers.B) Retired people.C) Employers.D) Senior citizens.31. A) They can attend any courses for free.B) They arrange discussion groups for people.C) They learn how to communicate with others.D) They want to be carpenters or craftsmen.32. A) It charges at a reduced rate.B) It is available every day.C) It is open to all people.D) It is provided only in the evening.Passage Three33. A) They have to learn basics of English.B) They know clearly what they want to learn.C) It is good for them to learn general English skills.D) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English .34. A) The knowledge of teachers.B) The behaviors of students.C) The principles of schools.D) The introduction of books.35. A) English for doctors.B) English for lawyers.C) English for reporters.D) English for businessman.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fillin the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are (36) concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly (37) in their minds: what kind of (38) am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is (39) that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. A person’s self-concept is (40) in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s (41). In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep affect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, have low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily (42)by others. Shy people are very (43) to criticism. It makes them feel inferior.(44). A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.”Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem.(45). For example, most people would like to be "A" students in every subject.(46) . People's expectations of themselves must be realistic.。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit9
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit9Unit 9Part BLife Goes OnThe city of Ypres in Belgium has been invaded 19 times, most famously in World War I. Some time ago I went with two friends to visit the battlefields and cemeteries there, and particularly to see the tomb of my uncle who was killed in the war at the age of 20.Michael, our silver-haired guide, took us first to a British cemetery, just outside the town. I stared at the lines of gravestones, neatly planted with herbs and flowers, the low surrounding walls blooming with wisteria. Michael pointed out my uncle's grave to me.I walked hesitantly toward it, wondering what I would feel. And suddenly there it was, and there were hundreds of others. Nothing could have prepared me for the realization that in this area alone about 250,000 British and Commonwealth soldiers were killed. There are 75 British cemeteries, of which we visited just a few.Next, Michael took us to a place on the other side of the city. The names of 55,000 missing soldiers are engraved on its walls. We stared in awe. "More than half a million horses and mules were lost, and fifteen tons of unexploded ammunition are still collected each year from the fields," Michael told us.Some way on we came to the largest British cemetery in the world. Some headstones have words of love or gratitude: "He died that we might live," "Gone from our sight but not from our hearts.""I'd like you to visit a German cemetery before finishing," Michael said. The cemetery is in wooded land. But there are no headstones, only slabs in the grass. There are no flowers, either. The whole place is dark and dank.With some relief we returned to the car. After some time, we drew up at a gate. Here, hidden from the road, lies the Pool of Peace. "It was created by an explosion so loud it was heard in Downing Street," said Michael. We looked at the still water reflecting the trees surrounding it. There is hardly a sound.By the time we returned to Ypres, it was evening. The city was preparing for the annual Festival of the Cats, which dates from medieval times. Soon there would be dancing in the square.Questions:1. What did the speaker especially want to see during his visit to Ypres?2. Who was Michael?3. Which of the following is true about the British cemetery the speaker first visited?4. About how many British and Commonwealth soldiers died in the battles of Ypres?5. About how many tons of unexploded ammunition are still collected from the fields each year?6. Why did the speaker and his friends feel somewhat relieved when they returned to the car after visiting the German cemetery?Part CFly the Unfriendly SkyBecause World War I had been fought mainly in the trenches, many military experts of the 1920s believed that future wars would also happen there. An exception was U.S. army officer BillyMitchell, who advocated the use of air power from the year he learned to fly in 1916 to the end of his life.During World War I Mitchell proved himself to be a highly effective air commander. He was the first American airman to fly over enemy lines, and throughout the war he was regularly in the air.After the war, Mitchell openly advocated the creation of a separate air force. He claimed that the airplane had made the battleship obsolete. His argument for air power, at the end of the First World War, was so unpopular that he fought for three years for the mere chance to show its effectiveness. He got the chance in 1921, when his superiors let him drop bombs on a captured German battleship to see what damage his novel approach might be able to cause.Mitchell said airborne bombs would sink the ship. The military, for the most part, thought he was nuts. Secretary of War Newton Baker, showing masculine bravery rather than care and wisdom, said, "I'm willing to stand on the bridge of a battleship while that fool tries to hit it from the air." His navy counterpart, Secretary Josephus Daniels, was more direct. As he believed that Mitchell's dream of air power was little more than a boyish fantasy, he said, "Good God! This man should be writing dime novels." They allowed the experiment, anyway, probably to expose the airman's madness to the newspapers. Within moments, the German battleship was foam on the water.However, the success of the test failed to convince his superiors. His open criticism of them led to his transfer to a minor post and a reversion in rank. Mitchell did not stop fighting. In September 1925, when the navy's ship Shenandoah was lost in a storm, he made a statement to the press, accusing the War andNavy Department of incompetence, criminal negligence and almost treasonable administration of national defense. For his bold remarks, he was, as he expected, immediately court-marshaled and was convicted in December that year of insubordination and sentenced to five years' suspension from rank and pay.Billy Mitchell died in 1936. Five years later, on December 7, 1941, the U.S. battleship Arizona was sent to the bottom of the sea by Japanese bombers. Over 1,200 American servicemen died aboard that vessel, proving "crazy" Billy's theory under wartime conditions. Many of his ideas were adopted by the American Air Force in World War II. In 1946 the American Congress authorized a special medal in his honor, which was presented to his son two years later by the Chief of Staff of the newly established independent Air Force.Questions:1. Who was Billy Mitchell?2. What did Mitchell advocate?3. How did most people in the military respond to Mitchell's theory?4. What happened to the German battleship in Mitchell's experiment?5. Which of the following is true according to the passage?6. What was the result of Mitchell's bold criticism of his superiors?7. Why does the speaker mention the sinking of the U.S. battleship Arizona?8. Which of the following best describes Billy Mitchell?Part DThe Red CrossIn 1859 a young Swiss businessman saw something which was to change his life and influence the course of history. The young man was Jean Henri Dunant who witnessed the bloodbath following the Battle of Sloferino, in Italy. He was deeply shocked by the dreadful suffering of the wounded from both sides who were left largely uncared for.This appalling scene was the birthplace of a magnificent human idea. Dunant appealed to the leaders of nations to found societies devoted to the aid of the wounded in wartime. Five Swiss citizens formed a committee, which later became the ICRC, and issued a call for an international conference. In October 1863 a conference was held in Geneva and was attended by delegates from 16 nations. Another conference was held in Geneva the following year and official delegates of 12 nations signed the first Geneva Convention, laying down rules for the treatment of the wounded and for the protection of medical personnel and hospitals. It was also at this meeting that the famous symbol of the movement, the white flag bearing a red cross, was adopted. The symbol was later modified in non-Christian countries. In 1986 the Movement's name was changed to include the Red Crescent, the organization's name in most Muslim nations.Today the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is the world's largest voluntary organization, with a global membership close to 250,000,000, and a National Society in almost every country of the world. It is an international humanitarian agency dedicated, in time of war, to easing the sufferings of wounded soldiers, civilians, and prisoners of war. In time of peace, it provides medical aid and other help to people afflicted by major disasters such as floods, earthquakes, epidemics, and famines and performs other public-servicefunctions.Dunant was a co-recipient of the first Nobel Peace Prize in 1901. It was his vision that led directly to the founding of the Red Cross, the signing of the First Geneva Convention, and the adoption of the Red Cross, and later the Red Crescent, as an international symbol of protection.Statements:1. Jean Henri Dunant is considered to be the founder of the International Red Cross.2. Dunant was awarded the Nobel Prize for making the Red Cross the world's largest voluntary organization.3. The first Geneva Convention was signed by the delegates from 16 nations at the 1863 conference.4. The symbol of the Red Cross movement was adopted at an international conference in 1864.5. The Red Cross and the Red Crescent are the symbols of the same international organization.6. There is a national society of the Red Cross / Red Crescent in every country of the world.7. The International Red Cross provides humanitarian services in both time of war and time of peace.8. The International Red Cross operates as an agency under the United Nations.Unit10Part BA Victim of DrugsMargaret frowned as she shook the can of deodorant. It was almost empty but she'd only had it a week -- surely she couldn't have used it all?The first few times it happened she thought she was gettingmixed up. She asked the kids if they'd used it but they said no. So she thought it must have evaporated.Over the next few months, her 15-year-old daughter Lisa's jewelry began to disappear and so did any loose change. She was worried but she couldn't believe it when her two elder sons blamed their 13-year-old brother Paul for that. Then Paul's school wrote to say he was disruptive and was playing truant. Margaret and her husband tried to talk to him but he just wouldn't listen.One night Paul was caught breaking into the school and he was expelled. Margaret asked him what was the matter but he just shrugged. During the summer things went downhill. He was always out with a gang of older boys. If she tried to keep him in he'd climb out of a window. She had no control over him. She knew something was wrong but it never occurred to her that he wastaking drugs.One day Margaret got a call from the police -- Paul and a group of older boys had broken into a house. He was found guilty and sent to a remand center for 28 days. But it didn't help. When he came out he was caught stealing car radios and was sent to another remand center for two months.Soon after he came out, Margaret found cigarette papers in Paul's pockets. Fearing the worst she confronted him. "What's this for?" she asked."Cannabis," he replied. "Everybody smokes it."Margaret was horrified. Then everything clicked into place and she realized Paul had been behaving oddly because of the drugs.But the worst was yet to come. He was soon found stealing money at home. Margaret reported him to the police to give hima fright, and the police kept him in cells overnight. That night Paul asked for a doctor, complaining of stomach pains. When Margaret went to visit him, she was told that Paul was suffering from heroin withdrawal. Margaret could hardly believe her ears. Cannabis seemed bad enough, but heroin was much worse. She began to read all she could on drug abuse. She learnt about aerosol-sniffing and realized Paul had been getting high on her deodorant. He'd started on aerosols, moved to cannabis and then to heroin. And he was only 15.When Paul was released, he continued to steal to pay for drugs. Then his downward spiral halted when a sympathetic judge gave him six months' probation and ordered him to attend a drug rehabilitation center.Paul seemed to be doing well for a while. He was put on a heroin substitute. The stealing stopped as his drugs were now prescribed.But several years later, Paul, who was high on drugs again, was arrested again for stealing. Two weeks before his 21st birthday, he became so ill with heroin withdrawal that he was moved to hospital.When Margaret and her husband went to see him he didn't seem like his normal self. He was agitated. "You've been the best mother in the world," he said to Margaret. Then he shook his dad's hand.The next morning Paul died.Margaret was so angry that the drugs had won. She said, "Drug addiction is a disease and it beat him. The only winners are the drug dealers who get rich on the suffering of ordinary families like ours."Questions:1. How old was Paul when he first started to get high on a drug-like substance?2. Which substance did Paul first start to use?3. How did Margaret get to know that Paul was taking drugs?4. Why did Margaret report Paul to the police when she found him stealing money at home?5. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?6. What was the cause of Paul's death?Part CInterview with an Internet Addiction CounselorInterviewer: Welcome to this edition of Talk of the Nation. I'm Jenny Butler. We're talking this hour about how and why people might become addicted to things other than drugs. Our high-tech society offers new high-tech addictions like video games, online chat rooms, etc. Dr. James at Maryland University has put together a support group for students who find themselves addicted to the Internet. He joins me now from his office in College Park.James: Thank you very much for inviting me.Interviewer: Is Internet addiction a relatively new thing?James: Well, some people have been involved with the Internet for years and may have been addicted for a while. It's certainly growing on college campuses.Interviewer: How does it present itself?James: Well, some of them have issues like relationship problems, or problems maintaining their grades because they are spending so much time on the Net.Interviewer: But I think the computer is a very positive thing.I myself have a strong urge to go surfing on the Net whenever I have time. How do I know when my impulse to go online will turnme into an Internet addict?James: Uh... I'm not sure the exact amount of time is really the issue, but I think if it begins to affect other areas of your life, such as your work or school performance or your relationships with other people. One of the problems with the Internet, especially the chat rooms, is that people start developing relationships over the Net and they are very different from relationships that you have on a face-to-face basis, and you start losing some of the skills that make relationships successful. So that's a warning signal. But I think a real important thing is to examine what's going on with you when you are not on the Net. If you are beginning to feel anxious or depressed or empty or lonely and you know you really look forward to those times when you can be online to be connected with other people in that way, then, I think, a serious issue is starting to happen.Interviewer: What if you start giving up other things, like going out for a walk... is that a symptom?James: Well, people have to make choices every day about the different activities that they're going to do. I think it's helpful to have some sort of balance in your life. If you can, spend some time on the Internet and then take a walk at a different time of the day. In fact, one of the things that we suggest in the group is to somehow break the pattern. Go out and take a walk, and then come back before you get back online.Interviewer: So that's how we can avoid Internet addiction. Thank you very much, Dr. James.James: Thank you.Questions:1. What is the name of the program?2. What is the topic of this edition?3. What are the harmful effects of Internet addiction?4. What are the warming signals that show you are starting to get addicted?5. How to avoid the Internet addiction according to Dr. James?Part DDrug AbuseDrug abuse is characterized by taking marijuana, cocaine, heroin, or other illegal substances. Legal substances, such as alcohol and nicotine, are also abused by many people. Abuse of drugs and other substances can lead to physical and psychological dependence.Drug abuse can cause a wide variety of adverse physical reactions. Long-term drug use may damage the heart, liver, and brain. Drug abusers may suffer from malnutrition if they habitually forget to eat, cannot afford to buy food, or eat foods lacking the proper vitamins and minerals. Individuals who use injectable drugs run the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis and HIV from dirty needles or needles shared with other infected abusers. One of the most dangerous effects of illegal drug use is the potential for overdosing -- that is, taking too large or too strong a dose for the body's systems to handle. A drug overdose may cause an individual to lose consciousness and to breathe inadequately. Without treatment, an individual may die from a drug overdose.Drug addiction is marked by a compulsive craving for a substance. Successful treatment methods vary and include psychological counseling, or psychotherapy, and detoxification programs, which are medically supervised programs that gradually stop an individual from craving for a drug over a period of days or weeks. Detoxification and psychotherapy are oftenused together.The illegal use of drugs was once considered a problem unique to residents of poor, urban neighborhoods. Today, however, people from all economic levels, in both cities and suburbs, abuse drugs. Some people use drugs to relieve stress and to forget about their problems. For others, genetic factors may be the reason why they become drug addicts. Environmental factors such as peer pressure, especially among young people, and the availability of drugs, also influence people to abuse drugs.Questions:1. What substances are mentioned in the passage in relation to drug abuse?2. What may long-term drug use damage?3. What kind of risk do users of injectable drugs run?4. What drug addiction treatment methods are mentioned in the passage?5. Why do people abuse drugs?。
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2012年12月英语四级听力 专项Model Test 9Listening Comprehension (35minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)、B ）、C ）and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.11. A) The physics class is very difficult.B) The physics class is not given this term.C) The physics class is easier than people think.D) The physics class should be cancelled if possible.12. A)He was satisfied with his military service.B) He had been on the warship before.C) He had never been on a warship.D) He had been on the warship before.13. A) Put ice on her foot..B) See a doctor at once.C) Give her foot a good rest.D) Take the doctor’s advice.14. A) They broke down and could go no further.B) They haven’t achieved much.C) They have produced a general agreement.D) They haven’t stared yet.15. A) The woman is out of shape.B) The woman doesn’t need a new racket.C) The woman also needs new tennis shoes.D) The woman spent too much on her tennis shoes.16. A) He could make an apology to Mary.B) He may talk to Mary directly.C) He should excuse Mary’s behavior.D) He should n’t always pull a long face.17. A) She didn’t like the style.B) The coat didn’t fit her.C) She couldn’t afford it.D) The fabric felt uncomfortable.18. A) She has been on the trip herself and enjoyed it.B) She wouldn’t consider going on t he trip.C) She thinks the class is too advanced for the man.D) She thinks there’s a good reason to go on the trip.Question 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He is late for classes too often.B) He has missed too many classes.C) He has failed in the exam again.D) He is a trouble-maker at school.20. A) Students are going to take the final exam today.B) It’s the last day Steve can drop the class with a full refund.C) Students have to hand in their reports today.D) It’s the final day Steve can apply for a loan.21. A) Drop the class.B) Make up the missed lessons.C) Stop taking part-time job.D) Transfer to another school.Question 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) The quality of goods and services has improved.B) Most people are reducing their consumption.C) Complaint channels are too limited.D) Many people don’t bother to complain.23. A) Electrical appliances.B) Travel agencies.C) Photographic and sound equipment.D) Clothing.24. A) They account for the largest proportion.B) 90 percent of them are reasonable.C) Most of them are for delayed air tickets.D) Few of them are for poor accommodation.25. A) Two weeks.B) Less than two weeks.C) Two to three weeks.D) More than three weeks.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage one.26. A) It is an international organization.B) It only exists in poor countries.C) People always think highly of it.D) Anyone can join the group easily.27. A) To try to stop the war in Italy.B) To help the wounded in the battle.C) To form an international treaty.D) To aid the injured in the earthquake.28. A) Protecting the prisoners of war.B) Teaching first aid to the public.C) Raising money for public fund.D) Publicizing the idea of charity.Passage Two29. A) They are offered for those with an interest in the courses.B) Employers and employees in a company are both welcome.C) People who will retire in a few years are the target students.D) Students from a normal university can attend the courses.30. A) Specialist speakers.B) Retired people.C) Employers.D) Senior citizens.31. A) They can attend any courses for free.B) They arrange discussion groups for people.C) They learn how to communicate with others.D) They want to be carpenters or craftsmen.32. A) It charges at a reduced rate.B) It is available every day.C) It is open to all people.D) It is provided only in the evening.Passage Three33. A) They have to learn basics of English.B) They know clearly what they want to learn.C) It is good for them to learn general English skills.D) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English .34. A) The knowledge of teachers.B) The behaviors of students.C) The principles of schools.D) The introduction of books.35. A) English for doctors.B) English for lawyers.C) English for reporters.D) English for businessman.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fillin the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are (36) concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly (37) in their minds: what kind of (38) am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is (39) that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. A person’s self-concept is (40) in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s (41). In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep affect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, have low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily (42)by others. Shy people are very (43) to criticism. It makes them feel inferior.(44). A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.”Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem.(45). For example, most people would like to be "A" students in every subject.(46) . People's expectations of themselves must be realistic.。