英国历史文化论文精编版
英国文化研究相关论文范文
英国文化研究相关论文范文英国文化的求实创新精神、民主公平的竞争意识、崇尚个人自由等文化特色对我国的文化建设有着积极的借鉴作用。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文化论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!英国文化论文篇1浅谈英国旅游文化摘要：英国这一称呼，来源于英格兰(England)。
当我们说起英国，联想到的往往是伦敦的雾气和钟声，著名学府牛津、剑桥，或彬彬有礼却冷淡的英国绅士，这些都是英格兰的典型形象。
实际上，英国的版图包括了由英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰三部分构成的不列颠岛及爱尔兰北部的一部分地区，正式名称为“大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国”，这也就是其英文简称U.K或G.B的原因。
不列颠这个词来源于古凯尔特语，意思是“多彩”。
确实，苏格兰苍凉的荒原、康沃尔湛蓝的海水、威尔士宁静的乡村、曼彻斯特喧闹的夜生活都共存于这个岛国之中，绘成了一幅斑斓多彩的画卷。
关键词：英国;旅游;风景1、格林威治皇家气息十足的建筑亨利五世于15世纪时设立了皇家庄园，并于后来分封给其同父异母的兄弟格洛斯特公爵(Duke Humphrey of Gloucester)。
大约在1433年，格洛斯特公爵将现为格林威治公园(英国最老的皇家公园)的地方圈起来并新建了一座河畔宫殿。
后来继位的亨利六世和亨利七世对该宫殿进行了修缮，并将其重命名为“普拉森舍宫”(Palace of Placentia)，又名“令人愉悦的地方”。
亨利八世于1491年生于普拉森舍。
他是一个有强迫症的建筑师和一个热情的骑师，他进一步改造了建筑形态，其中包括修建了新的小礼堂、马厩、带塔的骑士比武场及画廊。
1515年，亨利八世还在格林威治公园里驯养了鹿，现在，这些鹿所繁衍的后代仍生活在那里。
亨利八世与凯瑟琳及安妮的婚礼分别都是在格林威治宫举行的，而他的女儿伊丽莎白和玛丽也出生于此。
她们后来分别都成为了英格兰的统治者，即玛丽一世和伊丽莎白一世。
世界闻名的格林威治皇家天文台始建于1675年，位于伦敦东南郊的格林威治花园中。
英语作文英国的文化
British culture is a rich tapestry woven from the history,traditions,and influences of the United Kingdom.Here are some key aspects of British culture that can be explored in an essay:1.Historical Influences:The culture of the UK has been shaped by its long history,from the Roman and Viking invasions to the Norman Conquest and the Industrial Revolution. Each period has left its mark on the countrys language,architecture,and social norms.2.Literature:The UK is home to some of the worlds most renowned authors,including William Shakespeare,Jane Austen,Charles Dickens,and J.K.Rowling.British literature is celebrated for its depth,wit,and influence on the English language.3.Music:British music has had a significant impact on the global music scene,with genres ranging from classical to pop,rock,and punk.The Beatles,The Rolling Stones, and Queen are just a few examples of British bands that have left an indelible mark on music history.4.Art and Architecture:British art has a long and varied history,from the PreRaphaelite movement to contemporary artists like Damien Hirst.The UKs architecture is equally diverse,with iconic structures like the Tower of London,Buckingham Palace,and the Houses of Parliament.5.Cuisine:British cuisine is known for its hearty dishes such as fish and chips,roast dinners,and full English breakfasts.However,the UK is also a melting pot of culinary influences,with a wide range of international cuisines available in its cities.6.Tea Culture:Tea is an integral part of British culture,with the traditional afternoon tea being a social institution.The ritual of making and drinking tea is a symbol of hospitality and comfort.7.Sports:Sports play a significant role in British culture,with football soccer being the most popular.Other sports like cricket,rugby,and tennis also have a strong following.cation:The UK is renowned for its prestigious universities,such as Oxford and Cambridge,which have produced many notable scholars and leaders.9.Monarchy and Tradition:The British monarchy is a symbol of continuity and tradition. Ceremonies and events related to the royal family,such as the Changing of the Guard and royal weddings,are significant cultural events.10.Festivals and Celebrations:British culture is marked by various festivals and celebrations,such as Guy Fawkes Night,St.Patricks Day,and the Edinburgh Festival, which showcase the countrys diversity and creativity.11.Humor:British humor is known for its wit,sarcasm,and selfdeprecation.It is a significant part of the countrys cultural identity and can be seen in television shows, standup comedy,and everyday conversation.12.Fashion:London is a global fashion capital,hosting Fashion Week and being home to numerous designers and fashion houses.British fashion is known for its innovation and influence on global trends.13.Cinema and Theatre:British cinema has produced many critically acclaimed films and directors.The UK also has a rich tradition of theatre,with the West End of London being one of the worlds major theatre hubs.14.Public Houses Pubs:Pubs are central to British social life,serving as meeting places for friends and family to enjoy drinks,food,and conversation.15.National Identity and Diversity:The UK is a nation of diverse cultures and identities, with a strong sense of community and local pride.This diversity is reflected in the countrys cultural expressions and celebrations.In an essay about British culture,one could delve into any of these topics,exploring their significance and impact on the countrys identity and global influence.。
英语说明英国的历史作文
英语说明英国的历史作文Britain has a rich and fascinating history that spans thousands of years. From ancient civilizations to modern times, the country has seen dramatic changes and developments that have shaped its identity and culture. In this essay, we will explore the key events and periods in British history that have contributed to the country we know today.One of the earliest civilizations in Britain was the Celtic tribes that inhabited the land around 500 BC. These tribes were known for their advanced art and metalwork, as well as their fierce warrior culture. The Romans invaded Britain in 43 AD and established a presence that lasted for nearly 400 years. During this time, the Romans built roads, forts, and cities, leaving a lasting impact on the landscape of Britain.After the fall of the Roman Empire, Britain was invaded by various Germanic tribes, including the Angles, Saxons,and Jutes. These tribes eventually formed the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms that would become the basis for the English nation. The Viking invasions of the 8th and 9th centuries brought further turmoil to Britain, but also led to the establishment of the Danelaw, a region of Viking control in the north of England.The Norman Conquest of 1066 marked a turning point in British history, as William the Conqueror established Norman rule over England. The Normans built castles, cathedrals, and manor houses, and introduced feudalism to the country. The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, limited the power of the king and laid the foundation for the development of parliamentary democracy in Britain.The Tudor period of the 16th century saw the rise ofthe British Empire, as explorers like Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh claimed new territories in the Americas and Asia. The reign of Queen Elizabeth I was a time of cultural flourishing, with playwrights like William Shakespeare producing some of the greatest works of English literature.The English Civil War of the 17th century pitted the Royalists against the Parliamentarians in a struggle for power. The execution of King Charles I in 1649 led to the establishment of the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell, but the monarchy was restored in 1660 with the coronation of King Charles II.The Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries transformed Britain from a rural, agrarian society into an industrial powerhouse. Factories, railways, and steamships revolutionized the economy and society, leading to urbanization and social change on a massive scale.The Victorian era of the 19th century was a time of great prosperity and imperial expansion for Britain. Queen Victoria's reign saw the British Empire reach its peak, with colonies and territories around the world. The 20th century brought two world wars that had a profound impact on Britain and its people. The devastation of World War I led to social and political upheaval, while World War IIsaw Britain stand alone against Nazi Germany before ultimately emerging victorious.Today, Britain is a diverse and multicultural society that continues to be shaped by its rich history. The legacy of the past is evident in the architecture, art, and traditions of the country, and serves as a reminder of the resilience and creativity of the British people. As we look to the future, it is important to remember the lessons of the past and to honor the sacrifices of those who came before us. Britain's history is a story of triumph and tragedy, of progress and setbacks, but above all, it is a story of resilience and determination in the face of adversity.。
[英国历史文化概况的论文]关于英国历史文化论文
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[英国历史文化概况的论文]关于英国历史文化论文英国历史文化的论文篇1浅谈英国诗歌的历史沿革据王佐良先生所著的《英国诗史》，英国诗歌发展共分为三大主要时期：古英语时期，主要指5世纪到12世纪;中古英语时期，主要指12世纪到15世纪;近代英语时期，主要是从15世纪至今。
我基本赞同这个观点，即按照语言的发展水平划分诗歌史，当然还有其他的划分方法，比如按照时间划分等。
虽然都是在“英语”范围内，但是古英语、中古英语以及现代英语的差异还是比较大。
古英语主要由三种日耳曼语形成的，中古英语则结合了日耳曼语和罗曼语，而近现代英语是在英格兰东南部方言基础上形成的。
我认为语言是人类思维的反映，不同的语言当然反映着不同的思维，诗歌作为一种语言的表现形式，当然在不同的阶段有不同的特色---无论是在诗歌语言特色，还是诗论方面。
首先要提到的就是古英语时期，这个时期英语诗歌据考证大多数不是由英格兰本岛人所写，而是由侵略者，如盎格鲁人，撒克逊人所写，因此题材和背景多半不是英格兰的，这一时期的诗人们喜爱用头韵体。
最开始的诗歌多是口头流传的，如《航海者》，而题材则多是歌颂英雄和一些宗教诗歌，从数量上来说，并不多。
古英语时期的诗歌多具有一种刚毅之气，描写宏大的场面。
一般认为古英语诗歌的集大成之作是《贝奥武夫》，该诗主要讲述了青年时期的贝奥武夫杀死二妖以及老年时期的贝奥武夫与火龙格斗最终两败俱伤的故事。
该诗采用的不再是单纯的描写方式来表现恢弘的场面，跌宕的情节，而是已经开始采用“夹叙夹议”(见王佐良《英国诗史》)手法，主要歌颂了贝奥武夫的英勇与爱民等美德。
总的来说中古英语时期的英语诗歌不仅数量大增且题材也日趋多样化。
1066年的诺曼征服又为英格兰诗歌注入了法国风格，如除了头韵体诗歌外，脚韵体诗歌也开始出现，前者的运用见《农夫皮尔斯之幻想》，后者见《坎特伯雷故事集》。
当然这一时期除了宗教诗歌外，还有许多故事性的诗歌，如《高文爵士与绿骑士》，诗中不仅描写了建筑、服饰、风景等方面，还涉及到了诸如猎鹿等细节，且文章富有悬念，可读性很强。
英国文化的论文
关于英国文化的论文推荐文章英语语言文化方面论文优秀范文热度：关于英语语言文化论文热度：关于英语语言文化论文范文热度：英语毕业论文文化方向热度：英国文化研究相关论文范文热度：英国曾以“日不落帝国”而著称于世，其文化源远流长，对世界文化作出了重要贡献。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文化的论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!英国文化的论文篇1浅析英国茶文化与英国文学1848年，东印度公司皇家植物园温室部主管罗伯特·福琼来到中国，他将茶树种子放入一个用特殊玻璃制成的便携式保温箱中，偷偷地带上了从中国开往印度的轮船，由此千万株以上的茶树苗在印度生根发芽，继而形成了大规模的茶园。
茶叶传入欧洲后，并没有像咖啡和可可那样受到过多的欢迎，直到它进入远离欧洲大陆的英伦三岛，竟然奇迹地掀起了饮茶的风尚，并由此产生了世界茶文化的一枝奇葩——英国的茶文化[1]。
一、英国茶文化的主要内容英语中有Teatime一词，指的就是占据英国人l/3生命的饮茶时间。
英式红茶更是以名目繁多、内容丰富闻名于世，其主要的内容包括：1.英式早茶英国人在晨起时要饮“早茶”，又名“开眼茶”，即Earlymorning Tea，有时在早茶之前还会有“床头茶”，即清晨一睁眼靠在床头就能享受的茶。
而早茶主要是以红茶为主要饮料，是英国当家招牌茶的重要内容之一，它集浓郁和清新于一体，色泽和口感都相当出色。
正统的早茶要精选阿萨姆、锡兰、肯尼亚等地红茶调制而成，因此早餐茶的口感来自锡兰、浓度来自阿萨姆、色泽来自肯尼亚[2]，可见英国人的早茶还是相当讲究的，最适合早上起床后饮用。
2.英式上午茶这是最不为外人所知的英国饮茶习惯，又称为“公休茶”，大约持续20分钟。
英国人在上午1l点(亚洲时间上午10点左右)，无论是空暇在家享受生活的贵族还是忙碌奔波的上班一族，都要在这一时间休息一会儿，喝一杯茶，他们称之为elevens，即早上十一点时的便餐，所以上午茶可以看成是英国人工作间隙的一种很好的调剂方式[3]。
英国崛起历史小论文（精选五篇）
英国崛起历史小论文（精选五篇）第一篇：英国崛起历史小论文英国通过第一、二轮勃兴崛起为一个世界性的大国并最终攫取了海洋霸权，通过第三轮勃兴英国的霸主国地位得到了进一步的巩固和增强。
英国是通过其优越的地缘位置、制度领域的创新所导致的生产力的巨大发展、根据机会所制定的合理政策而崛起为一个世界性大国的。
虽然时代背景发生了巨大的变化，但是英国的崛起对当今寻求崛起的国家仍然具有重要的借鉴意义。
以下是英国崛起历史小论文，欢迎阅读。
英国从一个在15世纪并不为欧陆国家所重视的岛国逐步发展成为在19和20世纪大部分时间里其统治范围覆盖了非洲南部广大地区、南亚、东南亚、太平洋大部分地区及北美和加勒比海地区的庞大帝国。
这个帝国控制的区域范围相当于其国土面积的近40倍，人口达到了3亿多。
英国从一个位于北大西洋上的岛国崛起为一个庞大的殖民帝国是通过与西班牙、荷兰、法国争夺海上霸权三个阶段逐步实现的。
一、英国崛起的过程分析英国是在相继击败西班牙、荷兰、法国之后才真正荣登世界霸主的宝座的。
地理大发现对国际政治所造成的一个重要后果是使欧洲经济中心逐渐从地中海沿岸转移到大西洋西北沿岸诸国，这些国家包括了伊比利亚半岛上的葡萄牙、西班牙，欧陆大国法国，波罗的海沿岸的荷兰与隔英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆相望的英国，同时在某种程度上还有斯堪的那维亚国家。
英国通过第一、二轮勃兴崛起为一个世界性的大国并最终攫取了海洋霸权，通过第三轮勃兴英国的霸主国地位得到了进一步的巩固和增强。
（一）第一轮勃兴（1588—1674年）这里把英国第一轮勃兴的起始时间界定为1588年是从英西海战以西班牙失败而告终这一在国际关系中具有重要影响的历史事件这一角度来分析的。
英国的地缘政治条件和伴随着地理大发现而开始的国际性的海外贸易和拓殖决定了英国的崛起是一种海洋战略的崛起，而这不可避免的会与处于海上霸权地位的西班牙殖民帝国产生矛盾。
1588年，西班牙国王腓力二世派遣了一支由130多艘舰船组成的“无敌舰队”进攻英国，其结果是英国凭借着巧妙的战术和先进的技术取得了这次战争的胜利。
英国历史与文化论文
The Influence of Puritans on the Attitudes of America America has been playing an important role in our world since World War II. Although its history is only about three hundred years long, it still has great effects on many aspects on other countries. Unlike most other people, America is primarily a nation of immigrants. Their ancestors emigrated from many parts of the globe. This greatly influenced the ideas and values on which American are based. One group of the most influential immigrants is Puritans. Puritanism was an important factor in the course of forming of American culture and American spirit. Some Puritan beliefs have deeply influenced the attitudes of Americans towards work and success. Its attitude towards the Bible has also deeply influenced the forming of characters of American education.(Ⅰ)Puritans influenced the attitudes of Americans towards work.In Puritan beliefs, the value of work is of great importance, and Puritans appreciate it not only for the economic benefits but also the rewards the work brings were regarded as signs of God’s love. It is true that Americans as a whole work hard. Work is everything for them. In American’s eyes, working hard is the important way to success. However, as the time goes by, something has changed. Thoughself-discipline, thrift are the core view of Puritans, Americans tend to spend more time to relax themselves to relieve the large pressure their work has brought. They spend more time and money in traveling, camping, hunting, watching sports, going to movies, watching television and reading newspapers and magazines than any other people in the world.(Ⅱ)Puritans influenced the attitudes of Americans towards success.In 17th century, a group of people thought that the Church of England was too Catholic and they wanted to purify the Church. However their beliefs were heretical to the Church of England, so they had to leave there because they were religiously persecuted. In 1620, one hundred and two people reached North America and began new life there from then on. They hoped to build a city upon a community, which was equal free, and without persecution. Puritans, as immigrants, there was the determination of the immigrant to gain in the new world what had been denied to him in the old, and the part of his children an urge to throw off the immigrant onus by still more success and still more rise in a fluid, classless society. Brothers did not compete within the family for the favor of the parents as in Europe, but strove for success in the outer world, along paths of their own choosing. The English anthropologist, Geoffrey Gorer, sees the whole situation in Freudian terms. Europe is the father rejected by every immigrant who turned his back on his own culture in order to make a new life in America. The immigrant's struggle for success never ends, because there is no limit to the possible goal. The second generation child, in turn, rejects the alien parents because they cannot measure up to American standards. The only way he can soften the blow is to achieve a still greater success. All over America the lawyers, doctors, professors and politicians with Italian, Irish, German or Polish names testify to the urgency of this drive. Not to strive, not to take advantage of the opportunities in such a world, not to succeed where success was so available －these thingsnaturally became a sort of crime against the state. To develop the resources of a new country required energetic people, bent upon using their energies －not only for the rewards that would result to themselves, but even more important, to the community. So material success in the United States is not looked upon as selfishness. Its results are seen to have communal value.(Ⅲ) Puritans influenced the attitudes of Americans towards education.Puritans believe in the merits of education. They hold that all men should read Bible and they should change the world by knowledge. Americans values education a lot, American governmentsinvest a large amount money on education. American education is regarded as the best in the whole world, without any doubt, the Puritans play an important role in it.America is an immigrated country, so people’s values are diverse, which makes this nation have many unique features. As for Puritans, its immigration culture has shaped the country’s developments as well as people’s values.。
关于英国的历史的英语作文
关于英国的历史的英语作文The history of Britain can be traced back to ancient times, with evidence of human activity dating back to the Palaeolithic era. Over the centuries, Britain has been shaped by numerous waves of migration, invasion, and settlement.One of the most significant periods in British history is the Roman occupation, which began in AD 43 and lasted for nearly four centuries. During this time, Roman influence spread throughout the region, leading to the construction of roads, cities, and fortifications. The legacy of the Romans can still be seen in Britain today, in the form of historic sites such as Hadrian's Wall and the city of Bath.Following the collapse of the Roman Empire, Britain was invaded by various Germanic tribes, including the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. These groups eventually established several kingdoms, leading to the period known as the Anglo-Saxon era. This period saw the development of a unified Anglo-Saxon culture, as well as the introduction of Christianity to the region.The next major event in British history was the Norman Conquest of 1066, when William the Conqueror defeated the Anglo-Saxon king Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. This event marked the beginning of Norman rule in Britain and the establishment of a new aristocracy. The Normans also introduced feudalism to the region, leading to significant social and political changes.In the centuries that followed, Britain faced numerous challenges, including civil wars, foreign invasions, and outbreaks of disease. However, the country also experienced periods of growth and expansion, particularly during the Tudor and Stuart dynasties. These eras saw the rise of the British Empire, as well as the development of parliamentary democracy.The Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries further transformed Britain, leading to rapid urbanization, technological advancements, and social change. This period also saw the expansion of British influence around the world, as the country established colonies and trading posts in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.The 20th century brought further challenges for Britain, including two world wars, economic downturns, and political unrest. However, the country also saw progress in areas such as civil rights, social welfare, and healthcare. Today, Britain continues to play a significant role on the global stage, with a diverse and multicultural society that reflects its complex history.。
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英国历史文化论文精编
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英国历史文化
现代世界的一个突出特征是许多国家都形成了宗教信仰多元化的现实，其中包括英国。
英国宗教信仰多元化的问题不但反映了这个国家宗教文化的历史进程，更重要的是从一个侧面说明了宗教与、经济、、民族等问题的密切关联，这些关联又证实了宗教在现代世界各国的重要意义所在。
但是，从我们掌握的情况看，国内有关英国宗教问题的研究成果很少，而专门研究英国宗教多元化问题的论着还没有见到。
因此，研究、分析和了解英国宗教多元化的历史成因、表现及其特点（注：本文为教育部重点研究基地重点项目“现代欧美人口迁移与宗教多元化”的阶段性成果。
），不但具有历史学科价值，也具有现实意义。
历史上宗教信仰多元化的起源与发展
1054年基督教公开分裂为天主教和东正教以后，英国原本也是一个天主教国家。
1529年，都铎王朝的亨利八世以教皇不同意他与王后离婚为由开始与罗马教廷走向决裂。
与罗马教廷决裂后的英国教会称“安立甘宗(Anglican Communion)”，又称“圣公会(Anglican Churches)”，具有国教的地位。
由于英国与罗马教廷的决裂是经由亨利八世的改革来进行的，而且亨利八世并没有宣布放弃天主教信仰，改革后的英国国教保留了主教制等天主教传统，安立甘教成为一个既有罗马天主教传统、又有新教特点的教派。
由于国教内部对天主教残余问题存在不同看法，加之其他新教教派观点和思想的传入，使英国宗教从近代开始出现了多元化的趋向。
首先，英国安立甘教本身分为“高教会派”和“低教会派”两大教派。
所谓高教会派，又称“安立甘公教派”，也可以翻译为“英国天主教”，英语为Anglo-Catholicism，主张天主教传统礼仪和教义，但提倡改革教会；所谓低教会派，又称“安立甘宗福音派”，也有人翻译为“福音新教”，英语为Anglican Evangelicals，强调个人悔改和虔修，注重在圣公会中保持新教传统，贬低天主教礼仪和教义的重要性。
尽管英国所有的安立甘教派，包括扩散到英国国外殖民地上的安立甘教派都以坎特伯雷大主教为精神领袖，但在对待天主教及其传统的态度等问题上存在分歧，所以，安立甘教内部的多元化已成事实。
其次，在宗教发展史上，英国安立甘教经历了曲折的历史发展过程，其中包括爱德华六世时期的改革、血腥玛丽时期的天主教复辟、伊丽莎白时期的恢复国教统治，最后，终于发展成为一场对英国宗教、政治，乃至经济都发生重大影响的内战。
由
此看来，如同其他欧洲国家一样，在近代以前和近代前期，尽管人们在信仰上并不是统一的，或者说是多元的，但英国是没有宗教自由的。
也正是由于这个原因，英国从内战期间开始就曾经多次颁布宗教容忍法令，力图解决宗教信仰自由的问题，但这个问题直到19世纪中期才最后解决。
众所周知，主张清除英国国教内部天主教残余的人被称为“清教徒(Puritan)”（注：清教徒(Puritan)在17世纪发起的那场运动又被称为“清教运动”，众所周知，那场运动是主张清除英国国教中的天主教残余。
但是，人们对清教徒和清教运动并不十分清楚，对什么是新教、什么是清教等概念性问题也很模糊。
首先，尽管马克斯·韦伯把清教与新教混为一谈，但应该说二者完全不是一回事：新教是指欧洲宗教改革期间出现的新教派，包括英国的安立甘教、德国的路德教、瑞士的加尔文教、法国的胡格诺教等等，而清教却仅仅是英国国教徒发起的清除国教内天主教残余的运动。
清教徒本身又有分野，主要有长老派和独立派之分。
一般认为，长老派比较保守，独立派比较激进，但从宗教角度看，人们没有注意到一个最为重要的问题，那就是长老派是主张留在安立甘教内部进行斗争，而独立派却是主张脱离安立甘教进行独立斗争的，所以，独立派又被称为“分离派”。
事实上也正是这样，在英国内战结束后，除了一些独立派成员移民美洲外，绝大多数清教徒仍然是英国国教的成员。
所以，在基督教的历史上，英国的清教徒是不入流的，革命后清教徒自消自灭足以证明该派的地位。
），但一般人并不了解，除了个别独立派成员外，清教徒从来没有脱离国教，内战的一个根本原因也正是宗教改革的要求得不到满足。
所以，还在战争进行的过程中，英国国会就决定改革教会，于1643年废除主教制，并召开了威斯敏斯特会议以制订信条及教会行政制度。
大会有121位牧师代表和30位信徒代表参加，其中除公理派与圣公会外，大部分是长老派清教徒。
威斯敏斯特会议成为英国教会史中一次划时代的会议。
会上制订了“崇拜指南”、“威斯敏斯特信条”、“大本信仰问答”、“小本信仰问答”等重要文献。
1648年，国会通过并接受了这些文件，只将威斯敏斯特信条作了些许修订（注：祁伯尔：《历史的轨迹——二千年教会史》第31章。
）。
尽管内战期间曾经颁布过“容忍法令”，但由于国教统治地位的存在和不信奉国教者受到迫害，所谓宗教信仰自由根本有名无实。
与此同时，信奉天主教的人还存在，不信奉国教的其他教派还存在，国教也时时感受到各种威胁，宗教信仰自由的问题还是没有得到解决。
例如，根据1689年的“容忍法案”，凡是愿意实行以下各
点的，都可以自由崇拜：(1)发誓效忠威廉和玛丽；(2)拒绝接受罗马教皇的权威和天主教法规；(3)接受《三十九条信纲》。
在这样的条件下，或者说只要接受了这些条件，新教各个教派都可以在英国自由存在和活动。
然而，这种宗教信仰自由仅仅是新教中某些教派的自由，如长老派、公理派、浸礼派和贵格派等等，而且其总人数仅仅约占当时英国总人口的1/10（注：祁伯尔：《历史的轨迹——二千年教会史》，第31章。
）。
当时，不但天主教信徒不能担任公职，其他一些不信奉国教者也还是没有得到平等的待遇，因而，宗教自由还是一句空话。
此后，贵格派、循道派、亚米纽斯主义、苏西尼主义、自然神论等一些新兴教派都对国教发动冲击（注：阿萨·勃里格斯：《英国史》，中国人民大学出版社1991年版，第179-180页。
）。
因此，这个时期英国的宗教多元化仅仅是英国国教内部各个派别的多元化。