安徽省安庆一中高一下学期期末考试(英语)缺答案
安徽省2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷(含解析)
安徽省2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________一、阅读理解Things to Do in London This WeekendNow, some of the most cherished London venues have opened their doors again. Take a look at our lists of exactly what is opening up in London.Columbia Road Flower MarketThe Columbia Road Flower Market is reopening this weekend, but it will be quite different. Stands will be spread out. Nearby roads will be closed and there will be a limit on the number of people who can enter the market. The statement is also calling on locals to support the market but advises people not to visit frequently in order to avoid overcrowding.Lambeth Country ShowThe festival of countryside won' t be held in its usual home of Brock well Park this year. However, it is being taken online instead. All your favourite aspects of the fair will be part of the virtual edition this weekend, including the highly popular Vegetable Sculpture Competition and other usual lower show competitions, local-themed talks, craft market and virtual music performances.Walthamstow Garden PartyThe free two-day festival in E17 is going online this year. Over the weekend you can tune in to music and take part in online workshops from crafting to Tai Chi. Don't miss the highlight of the weekend: East London Radio' s first-ever live show taking place across the weekend with behind-the-scenes chats with local artists, live music from St Mary's Church and much more.Brixton CourtyardA new beer garden is opening in Brixton with D sets, wine tastings and more in a safe environment. South London music venue Brixton Jamm has improved its outdoor space with spaced-out booths and picnic benches.1．What measure will be taken in Columbia Road Flower Market?A．Canceling the standsB．Forbidding travelers to visit.C．Limiting the customer number.D．Checking the temperature of travelers.2．What are Lambeth Country Show and the festival in E17 in common?A．Both are held online. B．Both last for two days.C．Both include competitions. D．Both present virtual music. 3．Which of the following will you recommend if someone wants to have a drink? A．Columbia Road Flower Market. B．Lambeth Country Show. C．Walthamstow Garden Party D．Brixton Courtyard.At 7:49 a.m. local time on Wednesday, April 14th, a huge earthquake struck Yushu County in Qinghai, China, described as “end of the earth” in a famous poem of the Tang Dynasty.The earthquake destroyed many houses, cut off power and caused over 2,000 deaths and injuries. On the night when the earthquake happened, many survivors had to sit or lie on the ground in terrible darkness. Some brought their own tents and others turned on the lights of motorcycles. It seemed that the earth was at an end. But their natural character made them get together to fight the early spring’s cold nights. Facing the disaster, they chose to be stronger and standing still and firmly like Yushu, the name of their hometown meaning “Standing like Trees”. The disaster drew much attention both at home and abroad. Our country leaders ordered rescuers（营救人员） to value every life and never to give up. Thousands of rescuers and medical teams rushed to Yushu from many areas of China, bringing machines, medicines and something necessary to the quake-hit town. They entered every village to search for survivors. Governments, organizations and volunteers are offering money and materials to the areas.We believe that under the leadership of the Central Government, people in the disaster areas are sure to restore production and rebuild homeland as soon as possible. And the overall victory can be achieved in the earthquake rescue work. 4．In Paragraph 2, the writer refers to the meaning of “Yushu” to show that _______.A．the strong trees stand still to fight the early spring’s cold nights B．some trees were cut down to make tents to live through the disaster C．the big tree standing still brings the local people good luckD．people there are brave and strong when facing the earthquake5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A．Yushu, a young town, was destroyed in the terrible earthquake.B．A huge earthquake once hit Yushu County in the Tang Dynasty.C．The whole nation does its best to help rebuild the new homeland. D．There was still electricity after the earthquake struck the town.6．The underlined word “restore” in Paragraph 4 probably means _______. A．战胜B．储存C．恢复D．修理I always have a dream: It’s the end of the semester, and I suddenly realize that there is a lecture I missed. and now I have to sit for the final exam. I wake up panicked, my GPA in danger. How could I have done this? Why? Oh, my God! Then I remember I haven’t been in college for more than a decade.My old schoolmates might argue that this nightmare scenario is not that far removed from my actual college experience, and that at certain times in my life, it did not take the magic of sleeping to find me completely unprepared for a final. And, regardless of what may or may not be true of my academic accuracy, I suspect the school-stress dream is quite a common one.My suspicion was confirmed by Deirdre Barrett, a dream researcher at Harvard University. She explained that these dreams tend to pop up when the dreamer is anxious in waking life. Particularly when evaluated by an authority figure. people who wanted to act or play music at an early age tend to experience anxiety dreams not about school, but about auditions — that was where they interacted with the figures who could most easily crush them. In each of these dream scenarios, we revisit the space where we first experienced success or failure based on our performance.To find out what my specified performance-based anxiety dream means, I went to Jane Anderson, a dream analyst. Although science is undecided about the exact purpose of dreams, what night he behind “that dream scenario, being hack at school and having to take this final, she told me, is,” feeling tested in lie, feeling that you have to respond to other people’s expectations, and feeling that you’re not meeting those expectations. “So you think back to school. Somuch stuff happens in school that really sets your foundational beliefs and really sticks there in your unconscious mind. It can be very hard to let go of those beliefs,” she said.7．Why is the author’s dream mentioned in the first paragraph?A．To analyze reasons. B．To attract readers.C．To lead into the topic. D．To share the experience.8．Who is the least likely to have the performance-based anxiety dream? A．An actor discussed by the fans about his newly released movie.B．A worker examined by the employer for his work performance.C．An undergraduate evaluated by the professor for his graduation paper. D．A teacher assessed by the principal for his teaching achievements. 9．What does Anderson say about the impact of school experiences on people’s life?A．Various and gradual. B．Lasting and important. C．Positive but temporary. D．Negative but changeable. 10．What does the text suggest about school-stress dreams?A．Special medical treatment is required to address the problem.B．More scientific research is needed to explore the real purpose.C．They may indicate difficulty or disappointment in real life.D．They only happen to those with negative school experiences.The story begins at the 1992 Summer Olympic Games in Barcelona. Derek Redmond was a short-distance runner for Great Britain. He was so thirsty for a medal although he’d had five surgeries (手术), including one on his Achilles tendon (跟腱) with less than four months before the Games. His Olympic dream was dashed four years ago at the 1988 Games in Seoul when he tore (拉伤) his Achilles tendon an hour before the race.Redmond’s dream of a medal in Barcelona in the 400 meters started off well, as he ran the fastest at first and won his quarterfinal. In the semifinals, Redmond charged out of the blocks and looked strong on the first straightaway. But shortly before the race’s halfway mark, his face wore an expression of pain and he held the back of his right leg: he pulled his tendon. He fell down tothe track in pain, as the rest of the pack kept running. Alone on the track, Redmond stood and began jumping on his left foot—trying to finish the race. The crowd stood up and cheered as Redmond moved slowly toward the finish line.Then a man turned up alongside the track: Redmond’s dad, Jim. Waving off officials who tried to get him off the track, Jim Redmond ran up to his son, putting an arm around his waist. Derek turned and cried on his father’s shoulder. Together, father and son walked the final meters of the race.“I saw my son having a problem and it was my duty to help,” Jim Redmond said. “I actually went on the track to try to stop him suffering further pain. It was Derek’s idea. He asked me to get him back on the track and I offered him a shoulder to finish the race.”The Olympic Committee called the finish one of the most inspiring moments in Olympic history.11．What does the underlined word “dashed” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Broken. B．Realized. C．Updated. D．Made. 12．Why did Derek Redmond stop running during the race in Barcelona?A．A man blocked his track. B．He felt a pain in his left leg. C．His tendon was injured. D．It was hopeless to win the match. 13．Who offered Derek Redmond a hand to finish the race?A．A fan. B．His father. C．A coach. D．Other athletes. 14．What can we infer about Derek Redmond from the text?A．He was attached to his family. B．He won the race in the end. C．He was afraid of challenges. D．He stayed true to his dream.二、七选五Everyone wants to live a healthier life and be happy. Learning how to live better and feel more positive about the world around you can help you live a happy and meaningful life.Think positively. This does not mean that you ignore the bad or unpleasant things in life. It simply means that you approach every situation in life, both good and bad, with a positive outlook and a productive mindset. 15 , try to identify the things you think negatively about, and recognize why. Or you can evaluate your thoughts and feelings throughout the day.16 . Determine what you value most. Everyone has things that are important in life, but what do you ultimately value above all else? Don’t think about physical, tangible things. Instead, focus on those in your life that will give your life a sense of meaning and purpose.Manage stress in your life. You cannot avoid stressful situations, but you can find ways to relieve your stress. You can use relaxation techniques, suchas meditation, visualization, tai chi, yoga, and deep breathing. 17 .Eat a healthy diet. 18 It’s not enough to avoid bad foods. You should also be getting vitamins and nutrients from all of the major food groups, and avoiding overeating or under-eating.Cultivate a healthy lifestyle. 19 , it’s important to live a healthy and active lifestyle. How well you care for your body in your early and middle years can greatly influence your health later in life.A．Find purpose in your lifeB．To start thinking more positivelyC．Make up your mind to changeD．In addition to eating a healthy dietE．Try to find the negative aspects of positive situationsF．What you eat can have a huge impact on how you feelG．Try to maintain a positive attitude, even in stressful situations三、完形填空After a powerful wind storm struck Iowa in August, the city of Mount Vernon was left covered in fallen trees.That's when 12-year-old Tommy Rhomberg stepped up to the plate. Using fallen20 , Tommy designed and carved more than 200 baseball bats, which he sold to21 money for victims of the widespread wind storm. For each bat sold for $100,he 22 $20 to the Greater Cedar Rapids Community Foundation DisasterRelief Fund.Tommy 23 the idea on the day of the storm, which 24 to be his best friend's birthday. Knowing his best friend's 25 for baseball-and surrounded by 26 trees from the storm -Tommy decided to gift his frienda hand-carved bat. He woke up at 6 a.m. to 27 it over the course of a few days until it was perfect. When seeing it, his friend was amazed by Tommy's thoughtful gift: “I didn't 28 anything for my birthday, but when Tommy brought me the bat that he made me, I was so excited and 29 ”。
2019-2020学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案
2019-2020学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATwitter humorist and TV writer Jonny Sun is the author of the 2017 best-sellereveryone'sa aliebn when ur a aliebn too. This time, he recommends some emotionally powerful books.The Book of Delightsby Ross Gay(2019)Gay's collection of 102 short but emotional stories, begun in mid-2016 and written in the order of time over a year in America, focuses on the careful observation of ordinary delights in daily life. The writing is personal and grounded in thoughtful joy.100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Writeby Sarah Ruhl(2014)Seemingly a collection of essays on theater, Ruhl's book feels instead like the playwright's thoughts all of life. Her writing here is deeply personal, sharply argued but also playful. The book is actually a detailed description of the artist herself.They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Usby Hanif Abdurraqib(2017)I am always so moved by Abdurraqib's writing. He combines cultural criticism and personal memory in such a beautiful way, making the two styles naturally bound.Space Struckby Paige Lewis(2019 )This poetry collection awakened emotions in me that I did not know existed, or that I could feel, or that one could ever put words to. Every line is playful, honest, complex, and gentle.If you want to get more books, you can click here:Try more books1. Which book is a collection of short stories of daily happiness?A. The Book of Delights.B. 100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Write.C. They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Us.D. Space Struck.2. Who is probably a poet?A. Ross Gay.B. Sarah Ruhl.C. Hanif Abduraqib.D. Paige Lewis.3. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A brochure.C. A website.D. A magazine.BExperts are warning about the risks of extremely picky(挑剔的)eating after a teenager living on a diet of chips and crisps developed lasting sight loss. Eye doctors inBristolcared for the 17-year-old after his sight had gone to the point of blindness. Tests showed he had serious vitamin deficiency(缺乏). Dr. Denize Atan, who treated him at the hospital, said, “His diet was basically a portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop every day. He also used to snack on crisps and sometimes white bread and ham, and not really any fruit and vegetables.”The teenager saw his doctor at the age of 14 because he had been feeling tired and unwell. At that time he suffered from vitamin B12 deficiency, but he did not stick with the treatment or improve his poor diet. Three years later, he was taken to theBristolEyeHospitalbecause of progressive sight loss.He was not overweight or underweight, but he had lost minerals from his bones, which was really quite shocking for a boy of his age. In terms of his sight loss, he met the standards of being blind. “He had blind spots right in the middle of his sight,” said Dr Denize Atan, “That means he can’t drive and would find it reallyarduousto read, watch TV or recognize faces.”Dr Denize Atan said that parents should learn about the harm that can be caused by picky eating, and turn to experts for help. For those who are concerned , she advised, “It’s best not to be anxious about picky eating , and instead calmly introduce one or two new foods with every meal.” She said multivitamin tablets can supplement(补充) a diet, but cannot take the place of eating healthily. “It’s much better to take in vitamins through a varied and balanced diet,” she said, adding that too manycertain vitamins , including vitamin A, can be harmful ,“so you don’t want to overdo it.”4. What does Dr Denize Atan imply in paragraph 1?A. The diet of the boy is not balanced.B. Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins.C. Picky eating is common among teenagers.D. The cause of the boy’s disease is unknown.5. Why did the boy go to see his doctor at the age of 14?A. To improve his poor diet.B. To get some help to lose weight.C. To be treated for his discomfort.D. To slow down his progressive sight loss.6. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Important.B. Easy.C. Necessary.D. Difficult.7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. Reasons why the boy is seriously ill.B.Suggestions for the boy’s family to care for him.C. Advice for parents worried about picky eating.D. Waysof taking in enough vitamins and minerals.CYellowstoneNational ParkbecameAmerica's first national park in 1872. The National Park Service was formed 44 years later in 1916.Yellowstone, which is mostly in the state of Wyoming, is considered an example of the success of the National Park System.Humans have been present in Yellowstone for more than 11,000 years.Yellowstone contains beautiful mountains, deep canyons(峡谷), lakes and rivers.The nameYellowstonecomes from the river running through the area. At first known as Rock Yellow River, it became known as theYellowstoneRiver.Yellowstoneis host to many different species of plants. However, the park is most distinctive because of what lies underneath it. It sits on top of an ancient super volcano, known as The Yellowstone Caldera. The caldera is 48 by 72 kilometers. And it remains an active volcano.It is believed that the last time the volcano erupted was one half million years ago. The area has had three major eruptions in the last three million years.Experts say it may erupt again in another 1,000 to 10,000 years. But each year, there are thousands of earthquakes atYellowstone. Most are too small to be felt by people visiting the park.Yellowstoneis filled with the beauty of many hot water springs. hot water and gasses are trapped under the earth. they rush to the surface in the form of hot water and steam.Old Faithful is The most famous one .Iterupts about every hour or hour and a half. The eruption can last from one and a half minutes up to 5 minutes. The amount of hot water it expels（排出）in that time can be as much as 31,000 liters or more.In addition to its beauty and wonder, Yellowstone is an animal sanctuary（保护区）. It is home to the largest group of wild animals in theUnited States. As you travel through the park, you can sometimes see them in their natural habitat and hear their calls .8. What wasYellowstonenamed after?A. RockYellow RiverB. The amazing mountains.C. The stones with yellow color1D. The first discovery inwyoming.9. What makesYellowstonequite unique?A. The scenery is beautiful.B. There are a lot of explorers.C. It’s home to many plants.D. Its location is very special.10. What does the underlined word“It”in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. The earth.B. Yellowstone.C.Old Faithful.D. TheYellowstoneCaldera.11. What can we infer from the text?A. The Yellowstone Caldera has been dead for years.B. Yellowstone is a shelter for the protected wildlife.C. Big earthquakes happen frequently atYellowstone.D.YellowstoneNational Parkhas attracted visitors for centuries.DIt’s become an accepted part of keeping up to date with extended family and friends, but if schoolchildren were in their parents’ shoes, the majority wouldn’t share posts of their sons and daughters online. Over 55% said they would not upload news about, or images of, their children to their social media feeds, according to survey of over 16,000 pupils by Votes for Schools.While some were concerned about being embarrassed or the longevity of content which could remain online indefinitely, others expressed concern about their personal data beingcompromised. One of the pupils surveyed said, “Although our parents mean well, sometimes theconsequenceof a post can be disastrous.”In response to thesurvey, children’s mental health charity Place2Be and law firm Mishcon de Reya have produced three films ahead of the Christmas holidays – the best period for parental oversharing.In one video, about safety online, 10-year-old Adavan said, “If you share anything with your family, you know who’s going to see it. But if you share it publicly, there are millions of people who can see your picture.”Joe Hancock, a security lead at Mishcon de Reya, encouraged parents to share wisely. “Simple steps, such as checking your privacy settings and asking others not to share content of your children on their accounts if they have not updated their privacy settings, are a good start. And, as we found out from the children during filming, having their permission is key,” he said.The study marks a shift away from the usual debate about teaching children to use the Internet safely. Sandra Davis, head of the law firm’s family department, said, “Children are the experts on the real and immediate impact of sharenting（晒娃）– the full extent of which we cannot know yet. We must ensure we listen to children and take their views into consideration now in order to avoid any unintendedconsequences further down the line.”12.What’s most pupils’ attitude towards sharing posts about children?A. Skeptical.B. Unconcerned.C. Tolerant.D. Unwilling.13.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?A. Summarize the previous paragraph.B. Provide some advice for parents.C. Predict the consequence of sharing posts.D. Give reasons for the result of the survey.14.What should parents first pay attention to according to Joe Hancock?A. Safety.B. Consequence.C. Wisdom.D. Health.15.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Parents should take children’s opinions into account.B. Parents should teach children to use the Internet safely.C. Children must make sure to listen to their parents.D. Children should avoid unintended consequences of sharenting.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题一、听力选择题1．What is the man going to do?A．Practice tennis.B．Attend a violin lesson.C．Take a dance class. 2．Where is Gill?A．In the garden.B．In the library.C．In the flower shop. 3．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．At home.B．In a supermarket.C．In a hotel.4．What does the woman think causes the man’s problem?A．His low chair.B．His broken desk.C．His old keyboard. 5．Why was the man unable to visit the woman?A．He got a wrong address.B．He failed to stop in Maine.C．He didn’t know her address.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the woman looking for?A．The bus stop.B．The Bakery Shop.C．The City Bank.7．When will the next bus leave?A．At about 7:30.B．At about 8:30.C．At about 9:30.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．When did the woman plan to take her vacation?A．This month.B．Next month.C．Two months later. 9．What does the man expect the woman to do?A．Travel with him.B．Postpone her trip.C．Comfort her husband.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
安徽省安庆市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语试题(含答案)
安庆市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语满分：150分考试时间：120分钟注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why does the man suggest meeting at Summer House A．For its service. B．For its food. C．For its location.2．Who is the woman probablyA．An airport worker. B．A travel agent. C．A flight attendant. 3．What color is the bin for paperA．Blue. B．Brown. C．Red.4．Where is the woman heading forA．An exhibition. B．An art class. C．A painting store.5．What makes Emily excitedA．Her new boss. B．Her promotion. C．Her new coworker.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
安徽省安庆市第一中学2024学年第二学期高三年级期末学业质量调研测试(一模)英语试题试卷含解析
安徽省安庆市第一中学2024学年第二学期高三年级期末学业质量调研测试（一模）英语试题试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Some people are able to multitask well—they can two or more businesses at the same time very well. A．turn to B．relate toC．lead to D．attend to2．The event that _________ in my memory happened one morning in 1983 when I was 14 years old. It has never escaped.A．stood out B．stands outC．would stand out D．has stood out3．—Dad, you should have taken me to the football match this morning.—I had intended to, but I couldn’t spare any time, I _____ a report.A．had written B．wroteC．was writing D．would write4．______ such a problem before, we handled the situation very well this time.A．Deal with B．Dealing withC．To deal with D．Having dealt with5．The financial damage is nothing compared to what _______ if there had been children in the classroom in time of the fire.A．would happen B．happenedC．would have happened D．should have happened6．---- Hi, Maria! I got the first place in the exam.---- ______ ! Everyone knows you cheated and you just copied Tony's.A．Congratulations B．Come on C．Good luck D．Cheer up.7．— Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your rehearse (排练)? My little son’s curious about the performance.— _______ . Just come round.A．Y es, I do B．Never mind C．Not at all D．Y es, please8．A firew orks display was organized ________ the Queen’s birthday.A．to mark B．markedC．having marked D．being marked9．He ______ a chance to try it again just now.A．gave B．will give C．is given D．was given10．The whole nation is struggling to work out an inexpensive ______ effective solution to smog.A．yet B．still C．or D．though11．More than one doctor _____ involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake．A．was B．is C．were D．are12．Y esterday I took my car to the garage to have them ________ the air-conditioner.A．to check B．checking C．checked D．check13．– She will finish the project within three days!-- ______________! I could do it in three hours.A．Y ou are right. B．I’m stuck. C．Oh, come on D．Don’t mention it.14．People ________ with anyone who is always talking about how wonderful he is.A．fall in B．keep company C．catch up D．get fed up15．One of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognize a problem ________ it becomes an emergency. A．when B．beforeC．after D．unless16．––Are the repairs finished yet?––Yes, they ______ when I came back home.A．would be completed B．would completeC．had completed D．had been completed17．That’s far more than the number that have actually ______ in recent years.A．come to light B．come to life C．come across18．Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his .A．abilityB．forceC．mindD．strength19．To combat global warming, many people are _________ the use of alternative energy sources.A．applying to B．jumping at C．dipping into D．pushing for20．The infrastructure of a country is ________ makes everything run well, including things like transport, irrigation, electricity and schools.A．which B．thatC．where D．what第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
安徽省安庆市2020_2021学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题无答案
某某省某某市2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题〔无答案〕本试卷共8页，72题。
全卷总分为150分。
考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★第一局部听力（共两节，总分为30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容完毕后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。
第一节〔共5小题；每一小题1.5分，总分为7.5分〕听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最优选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅 读一遍。
1. Who brings coffee to class? supermarket.5. When will the woman take her flight? A. Four days later. B. Six days later.later.第二节〔共15小题；每一小题1.5分，总分为22.5分〕听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 项中选出最优选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每一小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woma n feel? A. Happy. B. Worried.C. Surprised.7. Which major does the man advise the woma n to choose? A. Educati on. B. Agriculture.C.Engin eeri ng.听第7段材料，回答第& 9题。
8. What is the con versati on mainly about? A. The reas on to play as a team. B. The way to shoot a basketball. C. The step to win a game.9. Whe n does the con versatio n take place?A. Mary.B. Tom.Jessica.2. Whom does the man want to buy a gift for? A. His aunt. B. His sister. frie nd.3. What will the woman do? A. Drive to the city cen ter. B. Catch a trai n.the market.4. Where are the speakers probably? A.At their own home. B. At a fast food restaura nt.C.C. His C. Go toC. At aC. Two weeksA 、B 、C 三个A. During a team game.B. At a team meet ing.team practice.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
2019-2020学年安庆一中高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案
2019-2020学年安庆一中高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Hikes in the WorldThere's nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike. No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth, we've got you covered. Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W CircuitLocation (位置): Patagonia. ChileDistance: 37 + milesTime: 5~6 daysBest time to go: October to JanuaryThe W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes you'll find. Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars (花岗岩柱子), but you'll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim - to - Rim HikeLocation: Arizona, the United StatesDistance: 48 milesTime: 1~3 daysBest time to go: May to June, September to OctoberThere's no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world. Located in one of the USA's most beautiful parks, the views are ly appealing. Just make sure you're prepared for the challenge.Trek to PetraLocation: JordanDistance: 47 milesTime: 5~ 6 daysBest time to go: October to AprilTake the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world. Hike through canyons, gorges and ridges, and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoidingcrowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand TraverseLocation: California, the United StatesDistance: 60 milesTime: 6~7 daysBest time to go: July to SeptemberKnown for some of the best hiking in the world, Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia (红杉) trees. Praised byNational Geographic, the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia, Chile?A.AprilB.MayC.AugustD.December2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.JordanB.Patagonia, ChileC.Arizona, the United StatesD.California, the United States3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia treesB.Appreciate waterfallsC.Visit local templesD.Climb granite pillarsBOn March 18, 34-year-old Lance Karlson was walking on the beach and looking for somewhere toswim in Geographe Bay when he saw what he thought was a stingray (黄貂鱼) leap from the water.Realizing the creature was, in fact, an octopus (章鱼), he started filming it — just in time for the angry octopus to launch itself at him. He immediately felt a sharp pain across his left arm, followed by a second strike across his neck and upper back. His goggles (护目镜) fogged and the water around him turned dark with what he thought might have been octopus ink as he struggled back toward the shore."I was confused — it was more of a shock than a fright," said Karlson, "I might have hit on its home." Within a minute, a perfect imprint of an octopus tentacle (触手) appeared on Karlson's neck and back.A former volunteer lifeguard, Karlson rushed back to his hotelroom to find something acidic to put on the wound. All his family could grab was Coca-Cola, which his wife poured over his back and the pain disappeared."The pain went away and more than anything since then, it's been more the physical hit that was painful.... The imprint on my neck is more from the physical hit, and I guess it makes complete sense when you look at thevideo I took," he said.Karlson said he'd never seen an octopus that close before and watched Netflix documentary "My Octopus Teacher" after the incident to learn more about the species."They are beautiful creatures and I really hope this promotes more interest in octopuses as opposed to fear of them. I think this is a fascinating creature with clearly some very strong emotions just like we do as humans," he added.4. When did the octopus attack Karlson?A. When he was swimming in the bay.B. When he was shooting the octopus.C. When he was looking for some fish.D. When he was fighting against the octopus.5. What plays an essential role in reducing Karlson's pain?A. The lifeguard's timely help.B. Karson's wife's quick action.C. The family members' efforts.D. Karlson’s knowledge of first aid.6. What does Karlson learn from his experience?A. The octopus is dangerous.B. People should get away from the octopus.C. People need know more about the octopus.D. The physical hit from the octopus is painful.7. Which of the following might be the best title?A. Pain from Strong AttackB. First Aid for Octopus' StrikeC. Face to Face with Angry OctopusD. Under Sea with Dangerous CreatureCJerry Lawson had a love of science and invention from a very young age. And, with the support of his family and teachers, he took that love and helped change the world for billions of people, when he invented the modem video game cartridge.Both of Jerry's parents supported his love of science and invention. His father, a longshoreman, was a science fan and encouraged Jerry to always experiment with things. Jerry's first-grade teacher helped encourage him on his path to be someone influential similar to George Washington Carver, a great AfricanAmerican inventor. His first love in school was chemistry but he ended up liking electronics（电子学）even more.He earned an amateur ham radio license at age 13 and built his own radio station in his room, with an antenna hanging out of his window! Jerry earned money from fixing television sets, visiting people's homes for inhouse repair, and also working at local electronics stores. Jerry also made walkie-talkies and sold them to other kids. He spent many Saturdays at an electronics store that had all of the parts he needed for his inventions. He would use his small allowance and money he earned to buy parts to help fuel his inventions.When he was a young adult, Jerry joined Fairchild Semiconductor as an engineer. During this time, he created his own video arcade game（街机游戏），Demolition Derby, in his garage.A few years later, Jerry was asked to work on a secret project. Not even his boss was allowed to know what he was doing! What it turned out to be was that he was designing the Fairchild Channel F video gameconsole（游戏控制器）and leading the team that invented the video game cartridge. This was the first of its kind and enabled kids around the world to affordably play video games at home.Just like with automobiles，many advances have occurred since the inventionof video games. Video games are now one of the biggest forms of entertainment in the world. But all of this would not have been possible without the vision, passion, and skill of Jerry Lawson and his learn.8. How did Jerry earn money when he was a teenager?A. By running his radio station.B. By selling television sets.C. By repairing things for others.D. By making electronic parts.9. Before Jerry's secret project, playing video games at home was_____.A. expensiveB. harmfulC. commonD. tiring10. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?A. Jerry Lawson and his team can be more skillful.B. Jerry Lawson is important to the game industry.C.Many advances have taken place in the automobile industry.D. Video games are now the most popular form of entertainment.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Video Gaming-An Important IndustryB. Game Console-Key to Home Video GamesC. Jerry Lawson-Father of Modern GamingD. Support and Encouragement-Necessary for SuccessDAdvertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics(批评家)seem to hate them because they have so much money to throw around. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods is largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the incidents and disasters.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn't forget is the “small ads.” What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column(栏目) but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!12. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Advertisements steal money from our pocketsB. The critics get the wrong idea of advertisements.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. Advertisements are everywhere.13. What is the attitude of the author toward advertisements?A. He appreciates the role of advertisements.B. He doubts the effect of advertisements.C. He believes what is said in advertisements.D. He complains too many advertisements in daily life.14. Which of the following is Not True?A. The personal or “agony” column makes us know more about human nature.B. The only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.C. A newspaper will cost us more if there is no advertisement on it.D. Advertisement makes our life color1 ful.15. Whicof the following shows the structure of the passage?( ①=" Paragraph" 1, ②=" paragraph" 2, ③=" paragraph" 3, ④=" paragraph" 4 ⑤=" paragraph" 5)A B.C. D.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年安庆一中高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析
2020-2021学年安庆一中高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABritain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling”, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll (收费) bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ l toll for every journey pays for its repair. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly spectacular (壮观) at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1.Which bridge has the longest history?A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.B.Infinity Bridge.C.Tower Bridge.D.Iron Bridge.2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A.People can just walk on it.B.The public give it two names.C.It's well worth visiting at night.D.It's arch is the biggest on the earth.3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?A.They are both over 120 years old.B.Visitors should pay for passing them.C.They have the same original design.D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.BThis is a true story. Tristin Saghin enjoyed themovie “Black Hawk Down” very much, which is about the conflict inSomalia. The battle scenes and the exciting rescues of people who are dying interested him greatly.There was just one problem: Tristin was only 9 years old, and it was thought that movie was not for children. When his parents caught him watching it on TV, they made him turn it off, though he had finished his homework and it was not late. Then one day, Tristin and his family were visiting his grandmother inMesa,Arizona. Tristin’s 2-year-old sister got out of the house and fell in the backyard pool. Realizing the little girl was missing, the family ran outside, only to find the girl had fallen into the water.Pulled from the pool and placed on the ground, the child wasn’t breathing. The family called the ambulance, but no one knew how to do first aid. No one, that is, except for Tristin. A scene in “Black Hawk Down” describes a doctor giving first aid. Tristin remembered it. Then the 9-year-old gave first aid to his sister at once and saved her life.His parents don’t stop him seeing the movies he likes any more.Tristin taught himself how to do first aid but he had never thought he could use it to save his little sister’s life. Any skill can be used in time, so you should always learn.4. According to the text, Tristin Saghin ________.A. lived inMesa,ArizonaB. disliked studying very muchC. was always ready to help othersD. was nine years old5. Why did Tristin Saghin’s parents order him to turn off the TV?A. They wanted him to help look after his sister.B. He often spent too much time watching films.C. They thought the film was not good for children.D. He was asked to finish his homework first.6. How was Tristin’s sister saved?A. Tristin gave first aid to her.B. The ambulance arrived in time.C. A doctor passing by gave a hand.D. Her parents sent her to hospital at once.7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to advise readers to ________.A. see more moviesB. learn more skillsC. save others bravelyD. do what they likeCSome years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer. He apologized for lack of training, but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conrady's Applied Optics and Optical Design, one for his office and a second for his bedside table, he was hired on the spot. Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahl's Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as ‘black boxes’, although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties. Buchdahl's book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics, but it is not about how to design lenses. It is, however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designer's needs very much in mind. Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems. Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory, as such, has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design. The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance. The indirect effects have been large, however, both in contributing to an understanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing the way to other, more practical, theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist, but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory. Buchdahl's approach has, over the last decade, had a major impact on modern lens design with computers. Thus, he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical, and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician. From the point of view of many physicists and engineers, it will appear to be quite mathematical. Moreover, this is a tightly written book. The subject matter is developed with precision, and the author expectsthe reader, at very point, to be master of the preceding exposition.8. Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of ______.A. newer finding related to the wave particle nature of lightB. very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designersC. too much mathematical detail in the theoryD. not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters9. The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to ______.A. the students who are major in mathematical geometryB. those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systemsC. the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designsD. those who are interested in physics10. The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is ______.A. indirect ways of learning mathematicsB. a fundamental power within the theoryC. the conceptual elegance of the theoryD. the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems11. This passage is probably excerpted from ______.A. a review of a bookB. a chemistry textbookC. an optician's essayD. a general science textDMore than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain.The wooden bridge across the river has been washed away. The town is cut off by flood waters. At the fifth mile, Jalan Tengkn, the water is two meters deep. It is closed to all traffic. Flooding first happened at mid-afternoon yesterday along the river banks. People trying to get to higher ground were just in time to escape the destroying of the flood. Most of the flood victims(受害者) had to leave all their things behind.The National Flood Relief(救济) Center was reported to give its help and by early evening the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers(志愿者).The flood victims are now housed in different simple relief centers in the nearby town of Ternang. “Everything possible is being done to help the unlucky people,” a government spokesman said, “In fact, money,food and clothing have begun to come in from public organizations and helpful people. A Disaster Relief Fund(救灾基金会) will be started as soon as possible.”According to the latest reports it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be wholly covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported.12. This passage is probably taken from______.A. a storybookB. a textbookC. a magazineD. a newspaper13. It seems that the flood happened just because ______.A. the banks were too lowB. the wooden bridge is solid (坚固)C. the river was too narrowD. they had had wet days for some time14.From the passage we know that ______.A. though the town was flooded, you could still go there by busB. as soon as the water flowed over the banks, people began to go to higher landsC. the government and the whole society are taking great care of the flood victimsD. the flood hasn't brought a large loss to the town as nobody died in the flood15. What is the best title for this passage?A. A Big FloodB. Ternang Is destroyedC. Over 10,000 People Are HomelessD. Rescue Team Arrived第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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安徽省安庆一中高一下学期期末考试（英语）本试卷分为两卷。
满分150分。
考试时间1。
第一卷（（选择题共115分）第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节。
满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What Sprite would the man like to drink?A. A large one.B. A medium one.C. A small one2. What sport does the woman like most?A. Swimming.B. Cycling.C. Jogging.3. What does the man mainly do in his spare time?A. Cook at home.B. Do some sports.C. Collect stamps.4. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The man deserved the award.B. The woman is grateful to the man.C. The woman helped the man succeed.5. What do we know about the man?A. He will play basketball when the rain stops.B. He will play basketball in the rain.C. He will play basketball inside.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面4段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听下面一段材料,回答第6和第7题.6. What is the man doing?A. Borrowing a book.B. Ordering a book.C. Buying a book.7. What has the man decided to take?A. Germany Since 1910.B. German Social history.C. A Short History of Germany. 听下面一段材料,回答第8和第9题.8. What part-time job did the man have in the summer?A. Acting in a vet.B. Working with pets.C. Helping feed animals in the zoo.9. What does the man think of his part-time job?A. Very interesting.B. V ery bad indeed.C. Not good but acceptable.听下面一段材料,回答第10至第12题.10. When will Mr. Brown be back?A. At 5∶00 p.m.B. At 5∶15p.m.C. At 5∶30p.m.11. When will Mr. Brown probably call the man?A. At5∶15p.m.B. At 5∶30p.m.C. At 5∶45p.m.12. What’s the man’s telephone number?A. 55677998.B. 55667998.C. 55677988听下面一段材料,回答第13至第16题.13. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a bank.B. At a hotel.C. At a bookstore.14. Where should the woman write the date?A. On the left-hand side.B. In the top right-hand corner.C. On the right-hand side.15. What word should the woman write after the word PAY?A. ONL Y.B. TWO HUNDRED.C. CASH.16. What should the woman write in the bottom right-hand corner ?A. Her name.B. The year.C. The amount.听下面一段材料,回答第17至第17. What is the main topic of the man’s speech?A. Social development.B. Environment protection.C. Scientific research.18. Who is the man?A. A government official.B. A tourist guide.C. A professor.19. When did the man go to Anchorage for the first time?A. In 1960.B. In 1980.C. In .What is the man most probably doing next?A. Writing a letter to the government.B. Showing some slides.C. Planning a suggestion.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节．满分45分）第一节：语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. --------How about________ Christmas evening party?--------I should say it was________ success.A. a; aB. the; aC. a; /D. the; /22. A recent report found that women graduates are 50 percent more likely than non-graduates _____ childless throughout their lives .A. remainedB. remainingC. remainD. to remain23. —Bob is indeed a wise man.—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice!A. to takeB. takingC. not to takeD. not taking24. -----Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?-----Thank you._________.A. It couldn’t be betterB. Of course you couldC. If you likeD. It’s up to you25.-------The last one________ pays the meal.--------Agreed!A. arrivedB. arrivesC. to arriveD. arriving26. Could you give us a hint without_______ the answer?A. giving offB. giving awayC. giving upD. giving in27. It’s a reference book intended to ______ mainly to students of grade 3.A. appealB. attractC. contributeD. refer28. --- It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.--- Well, you know what they say, _________.A. There is no smoke without fireB. Practice makes perfectC. All roads lead to RomeD. No pains, no gains29. This _____ girl i s Linda’s cousin.A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish little prettyC. Spanish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish30. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ____ Great Britain.A. three times the size asB. the size three times ofC. three times as the size ofD. three times the size of31._______for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed32. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _____?A. given upB. put outC. run outD. used up33. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer________ it was ears ago,_______ it was poorly equipped.A. what; whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that34. He was educated at a local grammar school, _________ he went on to Cambridge.A. from whichB. after whichC. after thatD. from this35. If you can’t decide which of the two books to borrow, why don’t you take ______? I won’t read them this week.A. allB. anyC. eitherD. both第二节：完形填空（共；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。