OBU论文 Presentation
国外博士毕业论文范文精选3篇(全文)
国外博士毕业论文范文精选3篇博士的开题报告一般需要多少字?怎样写才比较规范呢?博士生开题报告的写法1、博士论文要有原创性知识;2、博士论文开题报告不是回答是什么的问题，而是回答为什么的问题;3、博士论文开题要确定用什么样的知识来回答提出的问题。
这些知识应该是多学科的知识(cross-discipinry inquiry)。
方法论包括两种：理论框架和技术性、技巧方法。
开题报告不能简单排列，只要做到同类项归类。
另外，文献索引要规范，譬如可以采纳按照拼音的顺序排列。
论文开题是语境、语汇、逻辑和方法的统一体，开题是寻找一个合适的语境，用合适的语汇，以合理的逻辑，并论证方法的合理性。
开题报告是一个过程，早点开始，不断去梳理。
开题之前是决策，是选择，很痛苦(如何寻找人生的另一半，很费心思);开题之后要硬着头皮坚持，总会发现精彩之处(找到了之后就好好过日子，会找到属于两个人的精彩的)。
开题中应注意的几个问题：(1)对开题性质的认识。
开题是一个重要环节，功能是制定研究计划。
开题报告是由博士生对博士论文研究报告的价值性和可行性的一个辩论文本。
(2)选题。
选题要有挑战性，理论性和可行性(fesible)。
题目是研究出来的，不是给定的。
问题有problem, question和issue三类。
(3)文献综述。
综述是指综合评述，是对知识的梳理。
综述文献不是做相关领域的文献，那些不能证明问题，而是on??，of??的文献。
另外，不能对文献有偏见，也不能出现很少有人研究，没人进行研究的语句。
4、开题报告的撰写时间至少需要一年。
开题报告格式与开题报告写作技巧开题报告是研究生毕业论文工作的重要环节，是指为阐述、审核和确定毕业论文题目而做的专题书面报告，它是研究生实施毕业论文课题研究的前瞻性计划和依据，是监督和保证论文质量的重要措施，同时也是训练研究生科研能力与学术作品撰写能力的有效的实践活动。
《ZG青年报》报道:复旦大学新闻学院20XX级研究生所做毕业论文开题报告，仅有不到1/3的博士研究生获一次性通过，而78位硕士研究生，10人没获通过，仅有19人获一次性通过。
论文presentation模版
结果解释
• 总结词：结果解释是对主要发现的进一步阐述和说明，有助于听众更好地理解 研究结果。
• 结果解释1：主要发现1的结果表明，实验组所采用的方法或产品在某种程度上 对参与者产生了积极的影响，使得他们表现出显著的效果。这可能与实验组所 采用的方法或产品的特性、使用方式等因素有关。
• 结果解释2：主要发现2的结果表明，实验组的参与者对所使用产品或方法的满 意度非常高，这可能是因为实验组的产品或方法满足了他们的需求或期望。而 对照组的满意度较低可能是因为他们的需求或期望没有得到满足。
结果与文献比较3
与已有文献相比，本研究不仅关注了 效果和满意度，还关注了健康状况的 变化。这表明本研究的视角更加全面 和深入。
04
讨论
研究结果的意义
理论意义
社会意义
本研究结果对现有理论进行了补充或 挑战，为相关领域的研究提供了新的 视角和思路。
研究结果对社会发展具有积极影响， 能够促进社会进步和福祉。Βιβλιοθήκη 数据分析方法定性分析
描述分析方法、分析过程和分 析结果。
定量分析
说明分析方法、分析过程和分 析结果。
统计分析
阐述统计方法、统计过程和统 计结果。
内容分析
描述分析方法、分析过程和分 析结果。
03
研究结果
主要发现
总结词
主要发现是研究的核心内容，是研究结果的提炼 和概括。
主要发现2
研究还发现，实验组的参与者在使用产品后，满意 度评分为4.5/5，而对照组的满意度评分仅为3.2/5。 这表明实验组的满意度明显高于对照组。
主要发现1
研究发现，在实验组中，80%的参与者表现出显 著的效果，而在对照组中，只有50%的参与者表 现出效果。这表明实验组的效果明显优于对照组 。
关于presentation英文作文
关于presentation英文作文英文：When it comes to giving a presentation, I believe that preparation is key. I always make sure to thoroughly research my topic and organize my thoughts before I even start creating the slides. This helps me to feel confident and knowledgeable when I am speaking to my audience.In addition to preparing the content, I also pay close attention to my delivery. I try to speak clearly and at a good pace, and I make sure to maintain eye contact with the audience. I find that using gestures and varying my tone of voice can also help to keep the audience engaged.Another important aspect of a successful presentationis the visual aids. I like to use slides to support my points, but I make sure they are not too crowded with text.I also try to include images or graphics that can help to illustrate my ideas.Lastly, I always make time for a thorough rehearsal. This helps me to iron out any kinks in my delivery and make sure that I am within the time limit. It also helps me to anticipate any questions that I might receive from the audience.Overall, I believe that a successful presentation is a combination of thorough preparation, engaging delivery, and thoughtful visual aids.中文：谈到做演讲，我觉得准备是关键。
泽稷网校 ACCA-OBU论文申请如何写
标题:泽稷网校ACCA-OBU论文申请如何写不管别人怎么说这个OBU学位作用不大（我看未必），但是在ACCA学习过程中能够收获一个学位证书，我还是选择了认真对待它，由于前九门的考试成绩不错，学位论文也有很不错的成绩，最终拿到的OBU荣誉学位是A等，在此分享我的一点点心得体会给大家：1.下载官方文件了解全面很多人缺少自己去寻找资料以及信息的能力，或者说你们真的有点懒，在知乎在qq群我看多了问这个学位的人，很多都是简单得不能再简单的问题，也辛苦了那些好心人一遍遍的解答，其实作为一名直接利益相关者，你的事情自己都不上心，别人再怎么帮你也没用，很多学位想关的信息直接登录去看就好了, 找这个学位的相关资料(OBU information pack)，下载小册子下来研读，然后挑选合适的主题就ok了。
附上最新的OBU学位小册子：/s/1bReoto2.查阅外部资料根据你的论文选题去中国学术期刊网和相关培训机构下载相关文献阅读,下载相关公司的报表（例如，你写Topic8）,尤其是年度报告。
3.动手撰写论文稿通过研读小册子中的内容，对于该学位的论文要求就有了大概的了解，现在就可以着手准备写ACCA OBU论文稿了吗？其实你还需要委任辅导老师，从他那里获得一些帮助。
4.委任辅导老师（MENTOR）委任辅导老师，最好在动手撰写论文前，找到合适的辅导老师，尤其是该老师熟悉OBU的论文写作思路、格式、要求。
写完一小部分，就交给老师批阅，边写边改，会省时省力，少走弯路、提高论文质量。
官方规定，只能会见导师三次，其实可以无限制地会见老师。
最后作一次presentation，做成幻灯片，时长15分钟。
5.编写SLS总结讨论和presentation，写成报告，反映出自己人际交流的能力、学术研究能力，和使用计算机的能力，交待研究的进展，包括开题、研究过程、结论等，还要附上不超过一页的presentation提纲.6.哈佛大学文献标注方法（Harvard referencing system）OBU官方文件明确规定：论文撰写人在标注参考文献的时候，必须使用“哈佛文献标注法”。
论文presentation模版
精选课件
3
Introduction
Battery Lifetime
distinct Active and Inactive
sessions
HTTP web browsers and FTP
Newer Traditional applicationsApplications
Distinct Active and Inactive sessions
Energy Impact of Emerging Mobile Internet Applications on LTE Networks: Issues and Solutions
Maruti Gupta, Satish C. Jha, Ali T. Koc, and Rath
Vannithamby, Intel Corporation
PPI can be an enabling basis to implement efficient DRX switching PPI may also assist the network in Fast Transition to Idle,
精选课件
9
Potential Research Directions and Solution Approaches
• Comparison a. Low background traffic activity and high mobility b. Low mobility and low traffic activity
精选课件
8
Solutions Adopted in 3GPP R 11
• Power Preference Indication (PPI)
车联网英文文献globalpos...
Global Positioning System Automatic V ehicle Location SystemBill J. Papatheofanis, Marvin L. Hasenack, Robert T. Teller,and Gerald F. RamseyAbstractLos Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is a unique facility covering over 43 square miles. The Emergency Management and Response Office (EM&R) is required to respond, provide Incident Command(IC), and coordination for all Laboratory emergencies. This requires IC’s and support staffto respond to the actual scene of the incident. Since the IC is under numerous constraints and stress, the office wanted the capability of locating the EM&R vehicles on an electronic map. An automated vehicle location (AVL) system was required for the additional safety of the emergency response personal. The requirements for the AVL system include total automatic tracking and low cost. Mer carefkl consideration, it was determined that the most efficient and cost effective system would be based on packet radio technology as the transmission media. The location is determined by the Department of Defense Global Positioning System (GPS) communicate with each other. The first component was a GPS receiver which actually provides the location information, equipped with a digital hte- to communicate location information remotely. The second component is a modem that interfaces the GPS digital interface information to a radio. The third component is the radio itself which allows for the actual information transfer from the remote GPS receiver and modem. The fourth component is the software package that provides moving maps and displays the vehicle location on that map for the AVL application. This paper describes the steps taken in the integration of the equipment into the AVL package.1. IntroductionLos Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is a unique facility covering over 43 square miles. The Emergency Management and Response (EWR) office has the overall responsibility for coping with and mitigating the effects of any emergency at LANL. The EM&R office supplies an Incident Command (IC) which responds to all laboratory emergencies. This requires the IC and support staff to respond to the actual scene of an incident. The EMBER office wanted the capability of locating their vehicles on an electronic map because of the lack of markings on facilities, unmarked secondary roads, unmarked trails, and the lack of marked terrain fames. This automated location system would provide the additional safety for the IC's in cases where something adverse happens to the responders. Many times the EM&R IC is required to respond to a scene at night or during adverse weather conditions. With the automatic location system the IC can be directed to the scene even if land features are not availabb. The vehicle can also be located if the responderis incapacitated for any reason. Position System (GPS). The satellite based GPS system provides information to special receivers which collect data from several satellites and are then processed by a built in navigational computer. The GPS receiver then displays its location to within 100 feet in a selectable coordinate system. In addition to providing x-y coordinates the receiver calculates altitude, speed, direction of travel, date and time.The simplest method of vehicle tracking using GPS would be to install a receiver in a vehicle, and using a two-way radio, transmit the displayed Coordinates to a dispatcher who can take the received coordinates and mandy plot them on a paper map. Today's technologyenables this process to be totally automated. This paper discusses how to put together a totally automated system using commercial off-theshelf equipment.The automatic vehicle location (AVL) system is based on the Department of Defense Global2. EM&R VehiclesEM&R has two response vehicles which are equipped with AVL. Figure 1 is a photo of the 1994 Chevrolet Suburban which is the primary response vehicle. Figure 2 is a photo of the 1994 Jeep Cherokee which is the back-up vehicle that provides field support for the primary vehicle. Both vehicles cany numerous radios and cellular telephone for communications with the Emergency Operations Center (EOC)and multi agencies which respond to emergencies at LANL. The vehicles also carry documentation on Laboratory information required for the IC’s to carry out their function.3. Vehicle AVL PackageThe vehicle AVL package consists of three components. The first is the GPS unit, the second is the modem, and the third is the radio. Zn this section we will describe each component, the required specifications, and which manufacture’s equipment was u sed (see Appendix 1 for addresses and phone numbers).A. The GPS unit used is a Trimble Scout Master which met all the foxlowing requirements:1. External Antenna - The GPS receiver requkes an outdde remote antenna to work properly when mounted inside a vehicle.2. External Power - The GPS receiver should have external power capabdity. This allows the unit to get power directly from the vehicle and also provides a way of controlling when the receiver is powered on and off.3. Serial Port - This allow the GPS receiver to communicate its position information with an external device via RS-232.4. NEMA 183 Protocol - The output of the GPS receiver’s serial port is programmable for various standard and proprietary protocols. NEMA 183 is the National Electrical Marine Associations 183 standard protocol which has become a standard in the GPS world. Most commercial mapping SaRWare recognizes the NEMA I83 protocol as well as do most radio modems.B. The radio modem used is a Kantronics WM1200 packet radio modem. Thismodem met all of the following requirements:1. Packet Radio Standard AX.25 Protocol - This protocol provides a standardtransmission method which is specifically written for radio networking and provides error correction.2. Radio Interface - This modem is specifically manufactured to be connected to a radio.3. GPS Ready - The wM1200 has built-in software specifically written tointerpret NEMA 183 sentences from a G PS receiver and then broadcast them over theradio.4. Unique Identification - Each modem has a unique programmable identifkation callsign. The call sign allows each vehicle to have a unique address.5. Programmable Reporting - The modem allows the user to program vehicle reporting intervals allowing the system optimization.C. The radio used was a Motorola Maxtrac 300. This radio was selected because of the following features:1. External programmable interface - The Motorola Maxtrac 300 radio has a 16 pin external programmable interface. This interface is programmable through the radios programming software which allows the user to program the functionality of each pin onthe 16 pin connector. This feature allows the modem to interface with the correct internal radio circuits to hction most efficiently. This also allows for all the wiring to beexternal to the radio: no wires hang out from the inside of the radio that could provide interference paths to the radio and the modem.2. Multiple encodeldecode capability - The Motorola Maxtrac 300 is capable of generating and detecting all standard coded squelch signaling. This allows the radio toprovide the necessary signaling to access the repeater. This also allows the same radio channel to be used for both data and voice without the two modes interfering with each other.4. RepeaterThe LANL system required a repeater for reliable coverage over the 43 square mile complex and additional areas outside the Laboratory. The repeater is required due to the propagation o f V ” F radio being limited to line of sight. As LANL, terrain varies fiom mountain top to canyon bottom, the repeater was located on top of Pajarito Mountain which overlooks most of the Laboratory. The repeater is a Motorola Quanta Repeater which is a standard repeater station. The standard voice repeater was chosen over a digital repeater to avoid the hidden station problem. Digital repeaters rely on store forward technology which allows the repeater to transmit and receive on a single fiequency. The digital repeater does not retransmit received signal simultaneously. It actually receives data, stores the data in a buffer, and then transmits the data from the buffer. The store forward repeater can hear all the stations on the network, but they cannot hear each other. The hidden station problem occurs when all the stations cannot hear each other, allowing multiple stations to try to transmit at the same time causiig interference.5. Base StationThe base station is located at the EOC and consists of four components. The first two are the same 85 in the vehicle paw: the radio and the modem. The third component is a computer which is capable of running the software to interpret the received data and display that data on a map. The computer for this installation is an IBM PC. The fourth component is the software itself. The software package that we have implemented on the system is from ERM. ERM software is specifically written to interpret NEMA 183 sentences anddisplay this hfbrmation an a moving map. The ERN sohare is very sophisticated and provides not only location information but is capable of displaying and recording multiple vehicle’s positions at the same time.6. Vehicle ConfigurationThe equipment was selected and initial tests were performed on the bench. When it was time to integrate the components into a vehicular package, the first attempt was under the premise that the vehicle users should have access to the GPS unit so that they know their position information as well as the same equipment peiforming the AVL bction. This did work for a short period of time, however, problems with the AVL started to OCCUT which were traced back to the GPS unit being set to erroneous parameters. Everyone that saw the GFS unit in the vehicle had to press all the buttons which placed the Unit in an unusable operating state. At that point, we decided that the system should operate autonoumsly and the equipment should be packaged in a “Black Box” without any user selectable options. Figure 3 is an assembleThe next issue was where to put the boxes in both of the vehicles so that they w ere protected from daily vehicle use. In the Suburban, the “Black BOX” was located underneath the pull out drawer that is in the cargo campartanent of the vehicle (see Figure 5). In the Jeep, the “Black Box” was mounted in the rear cargo compartment next to one of the other radios (see Figure 6).iagram of the “BIack Box”. Figure 4 is a photo of the inside of one of the actual boxes.The other problem that we encountered was where to mount the GPS antennas on the vehicles. The antennas that came with the GPS units were intended to be temporarily mounted using a built in magnetic base. The units also came with a mast mount which is great for mounting the antenna on a boat mast. The mast mount adapter mounted to the bottom of the antenna with four screws. The four screw mount was used to mount the antennas on top of the emergency fight bar on each vehicle. Figure 7 is a photo of the antenna mounted on one of the light bars.9. ConclusionThe system described in this paper is in operation today and is providing location information to LANL”s EM&R EOC. The two emergency vehicles have been in operation for two months and continue to operate without any problems. This project met all of the requirements for a low cost reliable AVL system.10. AcknowledgmentsSpecial Thanks to the following people who made this project possible. Doug Tuggle, FSS-20, for providing coordination in vehicle availability. Dave Howard, FSS-20, for computer support and photographs. Abedon Ortiz Jr. and Pedro W. Romero, CIC-4, for installing the boxes and communications equipment on both of the emergency vehicles. Midshipman Matthew W. Fan, USN, for assisting in drawings and assembly.。
ACCA-OBU学位需要提交哪些资料？
ACCA-OBU学位需要提交哪些资料？ACCA-OBU学位是每个ACCA考生都有机会可以获得的海外理学学士学位。
对于ACCA-OBU海外学历还不是很了解：戳ACCA-OBU是什么？在ACCA考试科目F7，F8，F9未参加考试之前，申请学位并且提供相关资料，就可以不出国也能拿到海外学历。
但是有一些注意事项，必须要在申请之前提前了解，你还不知道，戳：ACCA-OBU申请条件那么通过在MY ACCA里面进行申请，在小牛津布鲁克斯大学进行了网上学位注册以后呢？你的申请通过了以后，为了拿到海外会计学学士学位，我们应该开始做哪些准备呢？首先，你要准备2样东西，其一是7500字Research Report (RR)，其二是2000字Skills and Learning Statement(SLS)。
并且需要包括15分钟Presentation on the project to your project mentor，需提交PPT）。
这两个部分要全部都通过才可以拿到学位，如果哪个部分没过，下次只提交那个部分就好，每个学员共有3次提交机会，但每次都需缴纳评审费。
除此以外，学员需要找一名导师来辅导论文写作，并进行3次面谈（每次30分钟，第三次做15分钟presentation)。
目前全球论文通过率只有50%。
Research and analysis report（RR）：这里面共有20个题目可以选择，题目内容包罗万象，涉及很多内容。
以这题目为例：需要分析一个公司最近3年的financial and business performance.Skills and learning statement（SLS）:需要回答四个问题：怎样跟导见三次面的？论文的研究目标如何达到的？怎么跟老师沟通的？论文的写作对你的学习和工作有多大帮助？这个SLS只有过和不过。
决定这个SLS是否通过的方面有：语言，沟通，是否通过这个论文写作有收获和感悟，IT技术使用（PPT）等方面。
obu产品调研报告
obu产品调研报告在这份obu产品调研报告中，我们将对obu产品进行综合分析和评估。
obu（On Board Unit）是一种汽车电子设备，广泛应用于交通运输行业，可提供车辆定位、导航、收费和远程控制等功能。
首先，我们将对obu的市场现状进行调查。
根据市场调研数据显示，obu市场正在快速增长。
随着智能交通系统的发展和车联网技术的不断进步，人们对obu产品的需求不断增加。
特别是在城市交通拥堵问题日益突出的今天，obu产品具有很大的市场潜力。
其次，我们对obu产品的功能进行详细介绍和评估。
obu产品有多种功能，其中最重要的是车辆定位和导航功能。
obu可以通过GPS等技术精确定位车辆的位置，并提供导航指引，帮助驾驶员选择最佳路线。
此外，obu还可以用于实时交通信息的获取和车辆远程控制，提供更多方便和安全的驾驶体验。
在obu产品调研中，我们还对obu的应用领域进行了分析。
目前，obu主要应用于交通收费系统和车辆监控系统。
obu与收费站相连，可以实现快速通行和自动扣费。
同时，obu可以与中央交通控制中心相连，实现对车辆行驶情况的监控和管理。
最后，我们对obu产品的市场前景进行了展望。
基于obu产品的多功能性和市场需求的增加，我们相信obu产品的市场前景非常广阔。
未来，obu产品有望在更多领域得到应用，比如智能停车系统、无人驾驶车辆等。
总结起来，obu产品在交通运输行业具有巨大的潜力。
随着智能交通系统的发展和车联网技术的进步，obu的市场前景将越来越好。
我们建议相关企业加大obu产品的研发和推广力度，抓住市场机遇，开拓obu产品的更大市场份额。
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A review of the marketing strategy of Mindray and its effectivenessACCA registration number:XXXXXXX2O b s e r v a t i o n a n d e x p l o r a t i o n 1P r o j e c t O v e r v i e w3I II M a r k e t S t r a t e g yIIIE f f e c t i v e n e s s E v a l u a t i o nC o n c l u s i o n s & R e c o m m e n d a t i o n sContents⏹IntroductionTopic : No.18.“A review of the marketing strategy of an organisation and its effectiveness”Target organization: Mindray Medical International Limited (Mindray)⏹Research Questions (RAP Logic)✓What makes Mindray distinguish from domestic competitors?✓How can Mindray compete with foreign brands on the world stage?✓What is Mindray’s marketing strategy?✓How effective is Mindray’s marketing strategy?⏹Overall FrameworkInternal Environment ✓Company OverviewProject ObjectivesMarketing Strategy (4Ps)Research QuestionsMarketing Strategy Effectiveness EvaluationConclusion & RecommendationExternal Environment ✓PEST Model✓PORTER’S 5 FORCESBusiness Model Analysis ✓SWOT ModelRatio Analysis✓Vertical Comparison ✓Competitor ComparisonMarco EnvironmentAspect Characteristic Political•China healthcare reform•Localisation tendency•Emerging industry classification•Regional market access conditions like CE & FDA Economic•Global growth of MedTech products•China becomes the 2nd largest market•Increasing spending on national healthcare Social•Population growth and aging•Urbanisation process, more middle class•Preference for foreign brands Technology•Multidisciplinary industry•Continuous research and development•Product structure upgrading•Government funds to support R&DIndustry EnvironmentAspect Rate CharacteristicRivalry High•Domestic manufacturers who supplylow to mid‐end products;•Foreign companies who supply high‐end products.Threat of New Entrants Low•High capital & technical barriers •High switching costThreat ofSubstitutesLow•Can not be replacedBargaining Power of Buyers High•Hospital& Government is powerful •Distributor is negotiableBargaining Powerof SuppliersLow•Can be replaced easily⏹Mindray OverviewLeading developer, manufacturer and marketer of medical devices worldwide.☐VisionWe will make better healthcare solutions more accessible to humanity.☐MissionImprove healthcare by optimizing and sharing medical technologies with the world.☐Core membersGood education background. Experts in computer science, biomedical and physics.☐Milestones✓Certification & Qualification (ISO9001, CE, FDA, etc.)✓Merger & Acquisitions world‐wide (Datascope, Zonare, Ulco, etc.)✓Listed on New York Stock Exchange⏹Mindray’s Market Strategy (4Ps)☐Product36.7%27.8%26.0%9.6%Mindray’s Product Share (2014)Patient monitoring and life support products In ‐vitro diagonostric productsMedical imaging systems OthersCommitted to Innovation ✓13% of sales revenue ✓Talent 2000+✓Patents 1300+✓New products 7‐10 annually ✓Master or PhD 63%✓R&D centers10⏹Mindray’s Market Strategy (4Ps)☐Place✓United States: Agents✓Europe: Direct sale✓China: Direct sale in first‐tier citiesAgents for lower‐tier marketsChina market breakdown✓City Hospital✓County hospital✓Broader basic healthcare system ☐Promotion✓ISO9001, CE, FDA, etc.✓Listing on the NYSE✓Exhibitions & Forums☐Price✓High price✓Focused differentiationRatio Analysis –Vertical comparison2945486347048811,0601,2141,32320040060080010001200140020072008200920102011201220132014S a l e s R e v e n u e ($, M i l l i o n )MR's Sales Revenue (2007‐2014)400,975486,441600,665686,585738,50456.9%55.2%56.7%56.6%55.8%0.0%10.0%20.0%30.0%40.0%50.0%60.0%70.0%80.0%0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,00020102011201220132014G r o s s P r o f i t M a r g i n (%)G r o s s P r o f i t ($, T h o u s a n d )MR's Gross ProfitGross profit Gross Profit Margin•In 2014, global sales revenue reached $1.323 billion.•The CAGR from 2007 to 2014 was 24%.•From 2010 to 2014, gross margin position remained relatively stable at 56%.Effectiveness EvaluationRatio Analysis –Vertical comparison12345Operating Profit 155,587167,038191,331210,224192,526Net Profit Margin 22.1%19.0%18.0%17.3%14.6%ROCE15.9%13.9%13.2%11.4%9.9%155,587167,038191,331210,224192,52622.1%19.0%18.0%17.3%14.6%15.9%13.9%13.2%11.4%9.9%0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%20.0%25.0%050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000R a t i o (%)O p e r a t i n g I n c o m e ($, T h o u s a n d )MR's Net Profit & ROCE•Net profit and ROCE continued to decline. Causes of deterioration need further discussion.Ratio Analysis –Vertical comparison•Current ratio and quick ratio were high •Collect payment quicker 20102011201220132014Current ratio 4.0 3.7 3.0 2.5 2.9Quick ratio 3.5 3.3 2.8 2.3 2.6Inventory period 95.387.787.596.194.1Receivable period 74.383.163.966.261.4Payable period53.344.942.364.858.40.020.040.060.080.0100.0120.00.01.02.03.04.05.06.0P e r i o d (d a y s )R a t i oMR's Liquidity Ratio•Pay suppliers slower •Stable inventory levelRatio Analysis –Vertical comparison20102011201220132014 Debt1,13337,38054,043222,925208,255 Equity434,158566,199700,007865,6911,000,272 Financial costs2,9001,3904,0936,3456,400 Dividend34,09146,10258,37558,85346,823 Financial Gearing0.00 0.07 0.08 0.26 0.21 Interest cover53.65 120.17 46.75 33.13 30.08 Dividend cover 4.56 3.62 3.28 3.57 4.11•Debt ratio was low.•Strong capacity in paying interest and dividend.Ratio Analysis –Competitor comparison•GPS’s sales revenue was 12‐25 times than Mindray•Mindray showed stronger growing trend than GPS.20102011201220132014GE Revenue $16,897$18,083$18,290$18,200$18,299Phillips Revenue $11,400$12,336$12,820$12,712$12,162Siemens Revenue $16,387$17,444$17,519$16,793$16,456Mindray Revenue $704$881$1,060$1,214$1,323GE Growth Rate 5.5%7.0% 1.1%‐0.5%0.5%Phillips Growth Rate 9.7% 2.9%12.8%‐4.1%‐4.1%Siemens Growth Rate 3.7% 1.2%9.0%‐7.3%‐1.7%Mindray Growth Rate11.0%25.1%20.3%14.5%9.0%‐10.0%‐5.0%0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%20.0%25.0%30.0%$0$2,000$4,000$6,000$8,000$10,000$12,000$14,000$16,000$18,000$20,000G r o w t h R a t e (%)S a l e s R e v e n u e ($, M i l l i o n )Revenue and Growth Rate (2010‐2014)Ratio Analysis –Competitor comparison•GE’s net profitperformance was the best, followed by Siemens.•Mindray’s profit was climbing but itsmargin was dropping.20102011201220132014GE Operating Profit $2,741$2,803$2,920$3,048$3,047Phillips Operating Profit $1,148$38$1,318$1,746$604Siemens Operating Profit $2,406$1,859$2,331$2,699$2,684Mindray Operating Profit $156$167$191$210$192GE Profit Margins 16.20%15.50%16.00%16.70%16.70%Phillips Profit Margins 10.10%0.30%10.30%13.70% 5.00%Siemens Profit Margins 14.70%10.70%13.30%16.10%16.30%Mindray Profit Margins22.10%19.00%18.00%17.30%14.60%0.00%5.00%10.00%15.00%20.00%25.00%30.00%35.00%$0$500$1,000$1,500$2,000$2,500$3,000$3,500P r o f i t M a r g i n (%)O p e r a t i n g P r o f i t ($, M i l l i o n )Profit and Margins (2010‐2014)Ratio Analysis –Competitor comparisonU.S.45%Europe 22%Growth 33%GE HealthcareU.S.Europe GrowthU.S.38%Europe 36%Growth 26%Siemens HealthcareU.S.Europe GrowthU.S.42%Europe 33%Growth 25%Phillips HealthcareU.S.Europe GrowthU.S.14%Europe 10%Growth 76%Mindray MedicalU.S.Europe GrowthCompanyPrincipal market GPS United States & Europe MindrayGrowth regionsRatio Analysis –Competitor comparison •R&D: Mindray invested most for research and design.•Liquidity: Mindray collected the payment faster than GPS.•Efficiency: GPS’s employee output was at the same level, while Mindray was half of their performance.2014 ($'000,000)GEHealthcarePhillips HealthcareSiemens HealthcareMindray R&D expenses $1,000 $1,088 $1,337 $147 R&D intensity5.5%8.9%8.1%11.1%Current Receivables$4,350$2,796$3,324 $223Receivable collection period 87 84 74 62 Employees51,000 37,065 48,000 8,200 Employee output $0.36$0.33$0.34 $0.16Strengths Weaknesses•Strong in R&D•Product structure in line with China healthcare reform•Global presence in both developed and emerging markets•Good relationship with government •Product certification and license •Healthy financial condition •High price, high revenue and high growth momentum •Relatively poor market performance in first‐tier cities in China•Lack of experience in the post‐acquisition integration•Low output efficiencySWOT AnalysisOpportunities Threats•Fast growing medical device market, especially China•Increasing demand for qualityequipment and supplies•Booming capital market in China •Online sales of medical equipment just started•Wearable medical devices becomes fashion •Demand reduction and cost saving in United States and Europe markets •Changes in marketing strategy of foreign brands•Rapid growing domestic competitorsSWOT AnalysisConclusions & Recommendations⏹ConclusionMindray's marketing strategy is very successful fore the following reasons.✓What makes Mindray distinguish from domestic competitors?•Focus on quality and certification, establish a reliable brand image •Seizing customer's psychology, implementing price skimming strategy •Understanding government’s role, keeping up with Chinese healthcare reform✓How can Mindray compete with foreign brands on the world stage?•Grasp the dynamic market, always active in the most promising market •Flexible marketing strategies, diversified promotion and radical expansion •Constant innovation, adopt bidding machine to attract customers⏹Conclusion✓What is Mindray’s marketing strategy?•Diversified products•Custom‐made sales channels•Positive exposure•High price•Rapid growth through frequent M&A✓How effective is Mindray’s marketing strategy?•Product diversity improves overall competitiveness.•Home and abroad market achieve growth for its forward‐looking layout •High exposure and government relations contribute to the development •High‐end market position and price skimming strategy creates wealth •The M&A enhances the market position and market share.⏹Recommendations✓Stay more competitive in product and price✓Improve management efficiency✓Build cooperation with proper target company to achieve synergy benefits ✓Avoid cut‐throat competition✓Being listed in China stock market✓Seize the trend of online sales✓Introduction of wearable devicesThank you!A review of the marketing strategy of Mindray and its effectivenessnumber: XXXXXXX。