英语中常见的同义词集锦

表示“需要”（v）的单词：need, require, involve ,entail表示“意味着”的单词：mean, involve, entail表示“宿舍”的单词：dormitory, quarters, lodgings表示“住宿”的单词：accommodations, (a)lodging表示“欺骗”（v）的单词：cheat, deceive, trick, fool表示“渴望”(v)的单词和词组：desire, yearn for/after, long for, thirst for，aspire to do sth, look forward to doing sth, keen on/about doing sth, keen to do sth, keen that, have an urge to do sth（具有做某事的强烈欲望，非常想做某事，形容极度渴望）表示“同情”(v)的词组：sympathize with, yearn for, feel sympathy for表示“重要的”的单词：important, crucial, vital, essential, integral, indispensable, significant表示“参加，从事”的词组：take part in, join(in),participate in, involve sb in （主动, 其被动形式为sb be involved in）, sb be engaged in=sb be employed in表示“能力”的单词： ability和 capability（主要用于人）talent（只用于人）, competence, capacity(可用于人或物), faculty表示“想象”（v）的单词和词组：imagine, fancy, fantasy，envisage(英)=envision(美) conceive of表示“包含（v）”的单词和词组：include, involve, comprehend, inclusive of, embrace, embody, comprise, contain（实际包含的量）,encompass表示“能容纳”的词组：can hold/accommodate表示“表现，体现”(v)的单词：render, reflect, display, indicate, manifest, embody 表示“导致，引起(v)”的单词和词组：render, entail, lead to, result in, bring about, cause, trigger=prompt(诱发)，pose(本义为造成问题或危机)表示“强大的，强有力的”的单词和词组：powerful, mighty, potent, strong表示“（感觉等）敏锐的，灵敏的”的单词：keen, acute（首选这两个词）perceptive表示“提供”的单词和词组：provide/supply sb with sth=provide/supply sth for sb=render/offer sb sth, contribute sth to sth表示“忙于……,埋头于……”的单词和词组:be buried in, be employed in, be engaged in, sb be immersed in=immerse oneself in表示“致力于”的词组：devote oneself to =dedicate oneself to,sb be devoted to=sb be dedicated to表示“表现，体现”(v)的单词：render, reflect, manifest, characterize表示“显示，表明”(v)的单词：show, suggest, indicate, reflect, reveal,（首选这三个词）emerge表示“证明”(v)的单词：validate, demonstrate, verify, confirm，prove表示“证实(v)”的单词：affirm,confirm, prove表示“说明，阐释(v)”的单词：explain, illustrate, elaborate表示“持续不断的”的单词：continual,continuous, incessant表示“（计划，规定等）被实施，生效”的词组有come into effect/force, be implemented, be put into effect/execution, be carried into execution=be put in/into execution 表示“意识到+从句”的词组：know+that从句 realize+that从句 be/become aware of the fact+ that从句 be conscious+that 从句表示“阻止，阻碍”(v)的单词或词组：prevent/inhibit/hinder sb from doing sth, impede sb to do sth, hamper sb in doing sth表示“强烈的，剧烈的”的单词：severe, intense, violent, poignant, acute，keen表示“严重的”的单词：serious, severe, acute, grave表示“着名的，闻名的”的单词：famous(一般用于褒义)，eminent, distinguished,(well-)known(褒贬均可)，renowned, famed, conspicuous表示“臭名昭着的”的单词：notorious, infamous表示“显着的，引人注目的”的单词：remarkable, conspicuous, significant（首选这三个词）distinguished, noticeable, outstanding, striking表示“枯燥乏味的，沉闷的”的单词：dull, boring, tedious, dreary, monotonous表示“有利于，有助于”的词组：contribute to=be good for=be beneficial/conducive to 表示“限制”(n)的单词：bound, limit, limitation, restriction, confine, constraint 表示“限制”(v)的单词: limit, restrict, confine, constrain表示“易传染的，传染性的”的单词：contagious, infectious表示“（表意，言辞等）不明确的，模糊的，模棱两可的”的单词：ambiguous, implicit, vague, obscure, indefinite，unclear表示“区分A和B”的词组：distinguish A from/and B, discriminate/differentiate between A and B, discriminate A from B，make a distinction between A and B表示“赋予……特征”的单词：distinguish, feature, characterize表示“象征（v）”的单词: symbolize, represent（有“表示”的意思）, embody（有“蕴含”的意思）表示“消化，吸收(v)”的单词：digest, absorb, assimilate表示“帮助”(v)的词组： assist sb in doing sth=help/assist sb to do sth表示“面对”的单词：face, confront(首选), envisage表示“面对……”的词组：face /confront/envisage sth= be faced/confronted with sth 表示“……圈，……界”的单词：arena, sphere, circle, realm表示“法律，法规”的单词：regulation, law, legislation表示“调整，调节”(n)的单词：adjustment, regulation, conditioning, modulation表示“使某人自己适应某物/做某事”的词组： adjust/ adapt/accustom/condition oneself to sth/doing sth=adjust/adapt oneself to sth/doing sth (以上强调从不适应或习惯变为适应或习惯的过程) sb be used/accustomed to sth/doing sth.(强调状态)表示“（在法律，道德等层面上）义务性的，强制性的，（课程等）必修的”的单词：obligatory, compulsory, mandatory表示“决定……”的词组：be determined/resolved to do sth=determine/resolve to do sth,determine/resolve that…= be determined/resolved that…, decide to do sth, decide that…表示“建议，主张”(v)的单词：suggest, recommend, advocate, propose, urge（极力主张）表示“主张(n)”的单词：advocacy, proposal, proposition表示“支持者，拥护者”的单词：supporter, proponent, advocate, protagonist表示“主要的”的单词：main, major, principal, primary表示“变化，改变”(v)的单词和词组：change, vary, alter, modify, transform, convert, turn, metamorphose, transmute,Change / convert/transform/ turn/alter A into B表示“变化，改变(n)”的单词：alteration, change, modification, conversion,metamorphosis（彻底改变），transmutation（转变为具有一种与原来完全不同的状态或形式的事物）transformation（变为与原事物完全不同的事物）表示“变更计划”时用alter/alteration, 表示“修订（书籍等）时”用revise/ revision （如the 5th edition——completely revised!）表示“衣橱”的单词：closet, dresser, wardrobe表示“阻碍，阻止”(v)的单词：prevent, impede, inhibit, hinder, obstruct, bar 表示“微生物”的单词：microorganism, microbe表示“细菌”的单词：germ（病菌）, bacteria表示“修改”(v)的单词：modify, adapt, revise(修改文章, 修订书籍等) correct（改正/更正错误）, alter表示“忠诚的，真诚的，真挚的”的单词：loyal, faithful, sincere, devoted，earnest 表示“忠诚（n）”的单词：loyalty, devotion, sincerity, faithfulness, allegiance 表示“选择”(n)的单词：choice, alternative, option表示“替代品”的单词：alternative, substitution, substitute表示“后面的”的单词：hinder, back, rear表示“养老院，敬老院”的单词和词组：gerocomium, geracomium(both are not available in paper dictionaries at present), old people’s home, home for the elderly/aged, seniors’ home, nursing home表示“太平间”的单词和词组：morgue, mortuary, dead room表示“专门地，有针对性地”：specially（特地,专门地）specifically（首选）, exclusively （专门地，只限于）表示“不同，差异”的单词：difference, distinction, variation(change or slight difference)表示“爱好，喜好”的单词：hobby, fancy, preference表示“隔离”(v)的单词：separate, isolate, insulate, segregate, quarantine表示“合理的”的单词：reasonable, satisfactory, decent (首选这三个词)，rational, logical表示“正直的”的单词：righteous, decent(首选这两个词), honest表示“正直(n)”的单词：integrity, righteousness, (首选这两个词) honesty表示“vt＆vi 注册，登记”的单词：register, enroll(=enrol)表示“鼓舞(n)”的单词：encouragement, incentive, stimulation表示“刺激，激励(n)”的单词：incentive, stimulation, stimulus表示“符号,标志”的单词：symbol, icon, mark, sign, notation表示“目标”的单词：object, objective, aim, goal表示“目的”的单词：object, objective, aim, purpose表示“A在B之前”的词组：A be prior/preliminary to B, A be before B, A precedes B表示“完整的，完全的”的单词：intact, complete, prefect表示“渺小的，微不足道的”的单词:tiny, negligible, insi g nificant(g不发音),minute 表示“深入的，彻底的”的单词：in-depth, thorough, intensive, exhaustive表示“详尽的”的单词或词组：elaborate, at large, in (minute)detail, detailed, comprehensive, minute, exhaustive（极其详尽的，详尽无遗的）表示“过时的”的单词：outdated, outmoded, obsolete, old-fashioned表示“A与B有关”的词组：A be related/relevant to B, A concerns B,A relates/pertains to B表示“A 与B一致/相符”的词组：A be in accord/accordance/agreement with B, A be corresponding to, A corresponds to B, A be in correspondence to B表示“影响（n&v）”的单词：affect(过程，vt, -), effect(结果，n,+-均可), influence(n&vt, +-均可)，impact(结果，u&vt, +-均可)( +-分别表示“积极的”和“消极的”)表示“足够的”的单词：adequate, ample, sufficient, enough表示“同情（n）”的单词：sympathy, compassion（比pity更正式）, pity表示“冷淡的，冷漠的”的单词：indifferent, apathetic, dispassionate表示“激怒(v)”的单词：anger, annoy（惹恼）, irritate, aggravate, infuriate（使狂怒）表示“(使)恶化 (v)”的单词和词组：get/become worse, worsen, aggravate(vt), deteriorate(vi)表示“惩罚(v)”的单词: punish, penalize表示“惩罚(n)”的单词: punishment, penalty表示“忏悔(v)”的单词：repent, confess表示“忏悔(n)”的单词: penitence, repentance, confession表示“倾向于（做）……，容易（做）……”的词组：be prone/inclined(均为adj) to (do) sth, tend(vi) to do sth表示“易受……影响的”：be su scep tible/vulnerable to (doing) sth表示“易受……的伤害的，易患……疾病的”：be susceptible/vulnerable to (do) sth, be prone to (do) sth表示“（证据）确凿的”的单词：conclusive(absolutely true), concrete(definite and specific),Solid(reliable and based on facts)表示“保证，担保(v)”的单词：assure, ensure, guarantee表示“节奏，步调”的单词：rhythm, pace, tempo表示“观念，意识”的单词：conception, awareness（偏重“意识”）【表示“观念”用conception，表示“意识”用conception或awareness均可】表示“认识(n)”的单词：conception，perception，understanding, view表示“理解，看法(n)”的单词：understanding(偏重“理解，认识”(n)), perception, perspective, view, notion表示“洞察力”的单词：insight, perspective, perception（均不可数）表示“提升，加强(vt)”的单词：improve, enhance, increase, heighten, raise如：improve/enhance/increase /heighten /raise awareness表示“敏锐的”的单词：acute, keen ,perceptive表示“视野（n）”的单词：vision, horizon, perspective(本义为“视角, 角度”=point of view)view表示“拓宽，扩大(v)”的单词：expand, broaden, widen, enlarge表示“促使（v）”的动词：prompt, drive(多用于不好的情况), induce表示“例如”的词组（用于句首）：For example/instance, To illustrate=To be specific 表示“风景名胜”的词组：place of interest, tourist destination/attraction, scenic spot/attraction表示“拓展视野”的词组：broaden/widen/expand/enlarge one’s vision/horizon/perspective表示“发出信号”的词组：send (out) a signal, emit a signal表示“散发气味”的词组：give off/ release/ emit a specific kind of smell表示“散发光或热”的词组：radiate/ emit/ give off/ send out light/ heat表示“释放（排放）气体”的词组：release/ emit/ give off gases表示“发出警报声”的词组：emit/ send out/ produce an alarming sound表示“增强某物的强度,加剧”的单词：intensify(vi&vt) (好坏均可) ,amplify(vt)(好坏均可)，escalate(vi&vt, 坏), deteriorate(vi, 坏), aggravate(vt, 坏)。