研究生英语课本
研究生英语听力第一章课本原文
TypescriptChapter 1 Learning to Listen1. Using What You Already KnowExercise 1Student: Excuse me.Counselor: Yes?Student: Do I need to make an appointment to register for an ESL class? Counselor: No, but you first have to take a placement test.Student: A test?Counselor: We need to find out what your ESL level is.Student: Oh, Okay. Where do I go to take the test?Counselor: We will be giving the test tomorrow at 3 o’clock in room 303. Can you come then?Student: Yes.Counselor: Good. Now, let me give you some forms to fill out so we can begin the registration process. Please write your name and address here, and your ID number here.Student: Okay. What do I write under teacher and section? Counselor: You can leave those blank. We’ll fill it in to morrow. Exercise 2Student A: I didn’t really understand what Ms. Smith was saying aboutthe id, the superego and the ego.Student B: Oh, that’s easy. Look here on page 53. The id is the part of our personality that wants instant gratification. The ego tries to help the id get what it wants, but in a logical and practical way. The superego is like the personality’s police force. It monitors the id and the ego.Student A: Oh, I think I’m getting it. You mean the id, ego and superego are all part of our personality?Student B: Right. They are all interacting.Student A: Do you think we’ll need to give definitions?Student B: I don’t know. We may just have to match the names with the definitions. But we’d better study this some more just to be safe.2. Scanning for the Main IdeaExercise：A: I can’t believe it’s closed. I’ve got a class from 7 o’clock to 10 o’clock. What am I going to do?B: Well, there are some food machines in the Student Union. You could always go there.A: No way! I tried that once last semester and I got as sick as a dog. There’s got to be something better.B: Well, we can go down to Main Street. There are a couple of places that I’m sure are open.A: We’d never make it back in time. It’s already 6:40. I think I’ll pass out if I don’t get something. I came here right from work. I didn’t have time to stop by my apartment.B: I think there’s a stand in front of Smith Hall. You can at least get something warm there.A: Well, I guess we don’t have any other choice.B: Yeah, it’s either the cante en or three hours of listening to your stomach growl.3. Scanning for the Important PointsExercise：●Teacher: Good evening class. Before we begin tonight’s lesson. I wantto remind you about next Thursday’s midterm. Remember to review chapters one through eight in the book. You will be responsible for knowing all of the information in the chapters plus all of the other topics we have discussed in class. This test will include multiple choice, True/False, and essay questions. You will not be able to use any books, notes or dictionaries.●Now, last week, I spoke about the importance of using note cards andvisual aids to prepare your speeches. Tonight I’m going to talk about specific things that will help you with your speech delivery. Pleasetake careful notes so you can use those techniques to improve your speech delivery.The first and perhaps the most important element of good speech delivery is eye contact. It is extremely important, especially in the English-speaking world, to make eye contact with your entire audience. This may be very difficult for you if you come from a culture where making direct eye contact is a sign of disrespect. But, you really need to practice this skill until you are comfortable looking directly at all of your audience members when you are speaking to them. Please note that you need to look at the entire audience. Please don’t direct your attention to just one person or one side of the room, and really be sure not to stare into the eyes of anyone for too long of a period.Next, you need to make sure that when you talk to your audience, you are enthusiastic about your topic and excited to share it with your audience. Vitality is a way of maintaining the audience’s attention and indicating to them that you firmly believe in what you are saying.V olume, intonation, facial expressions, and gestures all add to the vitality of your speech. Think abut a speaker you really liked. Did he or she just stand there and read words from a piece of paper? No, of course not. Probably the speaker was full of life and his or her energy forced you into becoming involved in caring about the topic of the speech.4. Inferencing (Making Intelligent Guesses)Exercise:Dr. Stevens: Ted, can I speak to you a minute?Ted: Yes, Doctor Stevens?Dr. Stevens: I finished reading your essay and before I return it to you, I was hoping you might be able to come in and speak with me about it. Ted: Oh, uh, okay, sure.Dr. Stevens: Can you come during my office hours?Ted: I think so. When are they again?Dr. Stevens: Tue sdays and Thursdays from 3 o’clock until 4:30.Ted: That’s no problem. Oh, wait a minute, I have football practice every day from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock.Dr. Stevens: Hmm. Well, how about if we get together tomorrow right before class?Ted: Sure.5. Scanning for Specific Pieces of InformationExercise:You have reached the Student Union Activity Hotline. The following is a list of information and events for Thursday, September 18.The Student Union is open from 7:00 a.m. until 11:30 p.m. The cafeteria will be serving breakfast from 7 o’clock until 8:30, lunch from 11 o’clockuntil 1 o’clock, and dinner from 5 o’clock until 7 o’clock, The snack bar will be open from 9:00 a.m.—8:00 p.m.Assembly member Carole Berg will be speaking on the topic: “Parity pa y for Women: It’s Still Not Here.” Assembly woman Berg will speak in the Oak Room from 9 o’clock. Admission is free, and a question/answer period will follow.The Student Council will meet in room 27 from noon until 1:30. Elections will be held for all major offices. All students are welcome. The campus folk dance club meets in the Green Room from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock today. All are welcome to attend; dance experience is not necessary.Bette Milder will be performing live in the Campus Corner Cabaret. The show begins at 8 o’clock. Tickets are available at the Ticket Office. All seats are $7.00.Tonight’s movie, the experimental “Dial Tones,” will be shown in the Union theater at 7:00 and 9:00 p.m. Tickets for both shows are $5.00 and are available at the ticket office.If you have missed anything on this recording, please press the pound key for the message to repeat. Thank you for calling the Student Union.6. Using Context CluesExercise 1A: Let’s exchange phone numbers. That way, if one of us is abs ent, we can call each other for the homework assignments.B: That’s a great idea. My number is 555---A: Wait a second, this pen just died. Let me get another one.B: Here, take my pencilA: Thanks. Okay, what was it?Exercise 21. Sentence: H e’s a real st ickler.A: Who’s your history professor?B: I’m in Dr. Leydorf’s class.A: Oh, How is he?B: The class is interesting and I really like him, but he’s a real stickler. If you’re more than fifteen minutes late, he marks you absent, and you have to hand in every assignment on time or he lowers your grade.A: Ooh! He sounds really tough.2. Sentence: you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: How did you do on your composition?B: Oh, you won’t believe it. I hadn’t worked on it very long and I didn’t have time to check it over. When the teacher returned it to me with an “A” on it, you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: Wow. That’s great. You must be really smart.B: Or else just lucky.3. Sentence: I’ve got to cram for a test.A: Let’s go to a movie tonight.B: Sorry, I’ve got to cram for a test tonight. I haven’t had a chance to study before now.A: Well, how about going to the late show?B: No, I’m going to need a good night’s sleep. I want to make sure that I’m ready for the test.4. Sentence: Let’s get cracking.A: All right. We promised each other we’d get this report done today. Let’s get cracking.B: Aw, it’s such a beautiful day. Can’t we go for a walk and do this later? A: No, we’ll need to return these books to the library by five o’clo ck. We really have to do this now.5. Sentence: Fat chance.A: Gee. It’s already a quarter after ten. Maybe Ms. Hughes is absent today.B: Fat chance. She’s never been absent a day in her life. I was in her class last year and she even came in when she had the flu.A: Well I guess she really loves teaching. Oh, here she comes now.7. Using Structure and Intonation CluesUsing StructureExercise 11. I’m taking Biology 101 this semester.2. I’m going to the Student Union at 7:00.3. We’re discussing parapsy chological phenomena.4. We are you returning to the computer lab?5. We’re meeting with Dr. Stevens at the end of the lesson.Exercise 21.I am transcribing my sociology notes.2.John is defending his dissertation on Tuesday.3.We are forming a study group on the first day of class.4.I’m applying for financial aid to help pay my tuition and expenses.5.Ms. Wilson is correcting our essays over the weekend.Exercise 31.The professor is coming.2.The professor is coming in a little while.3.The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet onthe 17th.4.The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet.5.The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts.6.The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirtsduring Spring Break.Using Intonation CluesExercise1.I really wanted the new David Sedaris book. The professor in mycontemporary lit class praised it all last semester. The bookstore hasn’t been able to get a single copy for the last month. Oh, well. Maybe I can find a copy on .2.I used the new computer registration system to charge my tuition onmy credit card, and they totally messed it up. They were supposed to charge me $500 for the two art classes, and instead, it says that I’m enrolled in three history classes to the tune of $900. This is ridiculous!3.Today is my graduation day. I am done! Now, I can finally spend myweekends doing something other than cramming for exams and writing term papers. Yippee!4.This schedule is baffling. It says that English 90 is offered at both themidtown and downtown campuses, but the times are vague. Look here;does this nine mean AM or PM? Hmm, I’m stumped.5.Oh yeah. I absolutely recommend professor Ponz. She’s a real dilly, letme tell you. If you enjoy writing endless term papers on meaningless subjects, participating in class activities that have zero relevance to the topic of the course, she’s the teacher for you!。
研究生一年级英语课本翻译
Unit 11.The impact of saying good-bye and actually leaving did not hit me until the day of my departure.1.直到动身的那一天，我才感到告别和真正离家对我所产生的影响。
2.Its strength woke me an hour before my alarm clock would.2. 这是我比闹钟预定的时间提前一小时醒来。
3.The entire day was like that: a powerful awakening of whom and what I would truly miss.3.一整天都是这样：我突然感到自己将会怀念许多人和事。
4. Most importantly, I would be forced to say farewell to the ones who raised me.4.最重要的是，我将被迫与生我养我的人分别。
5. All at once, the glorious hype about becoming independent and free became my sole, scary reality.5.突然间，我那些渴望独立和自由的豪言壮语变成了可怕的事实。
6. I suppose that goes with the territory of enrolling in a university six hours from home.6.我想那可能是因为我要到一所离家又六小时车程的大学去上学的缘故。
7.Upon my decision to do so, in fact, all my personal problems had seemed to fade.7.事实上，在我决定离家的时候，我所有的个人问题仿佛都烟消云散了。
8.No one ever said divorce was easy.8.谁都知道离婚不是件容易的事。
研究生英语读写课本课后练习答案
Unit 1II V ocabulary B1A 2C 3B 4D 5B 6B 7B 8A 9C 10DIII Cloze1even 2 as 3 that 4 won 5 annually 6 by 7 they 8 virtual 9 because 10 simply 11 across 12 still13 exactly 14 concern 15 response 16 access 17 to 18 led 19 between 20 placeIV Translation一种真正的市场型管理模式很快成为可能。
在信息空间，我们将能够检验并完善所需要的管理制度——知识产权制度、服务内容与使用权的控制制度、个人隐私与自由言论制度等。
有些群体允许任何人加入，而有些则只允许符合这样或那样条件的人加入。
能够自持的群体会兴旺发展（或许也会因为志趣与身份日趋特殊，而发展成为几个分支）。
有些群体或因为成员失去兴趣，或因为成员被吓跑而不能幸存下来，它们将渐渐萎缩消亡。
Unit 2II V ocabulary B1B 2A 3D 4B 5A 6D 7A 8CIII Cloze1viewed 2 almost 3 even 4 lower 5 means 6 reality 7 become 8 like 9 grow 10 proving 11 status 12 afford 13 faced 14 necessarily 15 disciplined 16 longer 17 own 18 schedule 19 taking 20 until IV Translation一旦问题得到理解，情况自然有所改善。
那些通常因丈夫不倾听或不谈论每天发生的事情而感到被遗弃、感到丧失生活兴趣的女性会高兴地发现，她们的丈夫一旦知道了不起眼的谈话在女性关系中的地位后，正努力地在适应。
如果丈夫不适应，妻子任然能够得到安慰，因为她知道，对男人来说，这不是不亲密的表现。
研究生英语课本
研究生英语课本The content of a graduate English textbook may vary depending on the specific field of study or focus of the program. However, generally speaking, a graduate English textbook would cover advanced language skills, academic writing, critical thinking, and specialized topics in English literature and linguistics.1. Advanced language skills: The textbook would include lessons on advanced grammar structures, vocabulary expansion, and idiomatic expressions. It would focus on enhancing the students' ability to communicate effectively and proficiently in various contexts, such as academic presentations, debates, and discussions.2. Academic writing: This section of the textbook would provide comprehensive guidance on how to write scholarly papers, research proposals, literature reviews, and dissertations. It would include lessons on structuring academic essays, citing sources correctly, and using appropriate academic conventions.3. Critical thinking: A graduate English textbook would aim to develop students' critical thinking skills necessary for analyzing and evaluating scholarly texts. It would include exercises that encourage students to articulate their own thoughts and engage with complex ideas, as well as lessons on logical reasoning and argumentation.4. English literature: The textbook would cover selected works of English literature, such as novels, poems, and plays, chosen to showcase different genres, periods, and authors. It would provide historical and cultural context, literary analysis, and interpretationof these works, as well as discussions on the impact and relevance of literature in contemporary society.5. English linguistics: This section of the textbook would introduce students to key concepts in linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, syntax, semantics, and sociolinguistics. It would explore how language functions, how it is structured, and how it varies across different social and cultural contexts.In addition to these main components, a graduate English textbook may also include supplementary materials, such as audio recordings, video clips, and online resources, to further enhance students' understanding and skills. It would also provide sample exercises, writing prompts, and self-assessment tasks to allow students to practice and assess their progress.Overall, a graduate English textbook would aim to equip students with advanced language skills, critical thinking abilities, and a comprehensive understanding of English literature and linguistics, preparing them for further academic research, teaching, or professional communication in English-speaking environments.。
高等院校研究生综合英语系列教材 综合教程(上)--最齐全的课后练习答案
大家仔细阅读以下内容，本书是通过数位同学的结晶和心血聚集而成，而非网上的翻译版，阅读版等，是最齐全的所有课后练习题版本，此书对要求寻找课后练习答案的同学没好处，因为本人通过幸苦排版，已经排成最佳“阅读”方式。
例如：完形和完形是在一起，翻译全部在一起，改错也在一起，答案都做了重点强调符号。
大家往下看就会明白。
大家需要此电子文档打印的时候，缩印50%就完全可以看清。
谢谢大家惠顾！敬请期待下册！required forcefully and without resistanceto make sth esp.an action or process easy or easierto emphasize,to focus on somethingthe act of killing sb;punishment by death( congeniality ) 2.the same or a similar nature,common interests(niche ) 3.suitable or fitting position( intellect ) 4.the ability to understand things and to thirk irbeligenbly(commitment ) 5.responsibility,a promise to do sth( temperament ) 6.a person’s nature,esp.as it influences how he she thinks,behaves or acts in general (individuality ) 7.the characters and qunalities which make sb difenent fiom all others(courteous ) 8.polite and kind;showing good manners(accentuate ) 9.emphasize,make more noticeablef \an arrangement in business2,charity c\a society that gives help to the needy3,column a\an article by a particular writer that regularly appears in the newspaper4,foundation h\an organization that provides money quickly, sometimes improperly5,raider g\a person who makes a lot of money quickly,sometimes improperly6,throwaway e\something that is designed to be used only once or for a short time7,violation b\the breaking of an agreement or law8,arraignment d\the answering of a charge before a court9,breed j\a particular type of person with special characteristics or skils10,victim i\someone who has been hurt or killed by someone or something1.2.’sale.3.4.5.by the local police station because of his criminal record.the interview,Mary told the interviewer that she would like to do something interesting but Tom said with8.could not overcome.9.country.10.the fine if you tell us who else was involved.11.12.services.13.,which is popular in the market,may be harmful to children.14.This book is worth buying for it15.corporate way of doing most things and it is much the same wether in Hong Kong or in Shanghai.2,The consultant even suggested that they use devious means to justify their actions.3,He is of American origins but he is now a naturalized Chinese subject with a Chinese name.4,The actress now lives most of the year on her country extate.5,The young woman’s greed for expensive jewelry was well known.6,He was arrested and sentenced to 10 years’imprisonment for committing several crimes.7,We saw a lot of flattering pictures of Wellington in the museum.8,He is a shrewd buyer who gets good value for his money.9,Electronic art is a form of art that uses materials as moving and flashing light displays as the artistic medium.10,The policeman took away his bike because he had violated traffic regulations.spouse.2 They went into a small bar and sat at a coffee table that separated one piece of the sectional lounge from its counterpart.3 In order to have a good beginning of the conference, both sides carefully avoided some touchy subjects on politics.4 The experienced businessman counseled the company not to sign with unknown corporations.5 Sometimes, the subtle relationship among people makes our life complicated.6 A person who has been trained to give a particular form of treatment for physical or mental illness is defined as therapist.7 The director told the enthusiastic youngsters in the hall that he only needed three prospective candidates for the new play.8 The problem of some kindergarten teachers is that they only pay attention to those adorable kids while they ignore the others.9 Her capabilities were always there; all she needed was an opening to show them.10 She likes her new job very much because she could have three days to gallivant around business streets of the townIt is a place where people should be able to live in dignity and security and harmony, where the great achievements of modern civilization should be available to all.2 The culture argument for preserving wildlife, that is part of our natural heritage, argues itself, except to those who are blind to cultural values.3 With keen insight, convincing facts and a global angle, Epstein vividly recorded a brilliant page of the great Chinese revolution.4 The vegetarian restaurant makes its dishes resemble meat in every way except ingredients.5 People’s appearance makes the difference in how others judge him.6 My university, founded about a century ago, has gained a nationwide reputation for academic excellence.7 It is the accumulated knowledge of centuries which differentiates modern humans from their ancestors in the dawn of civilization.8 I have been ashamed of my refusal to help the desperate man, which might have been the final cause of his death.9 With the development of our national economy, more and more people believe in the market economy.10 They are convinced that they incorporate foreign business model so as to be more competitive in the business world.appreciation for all your hard workwed like to give you a bonus and a promotion.(para.3)2 The governing body,as currently_ constituted includes three staff members(para.3)3 He is quite different at parties-witty,outgoing he really_ sparkles __,but his sister is shy and quite.(para.9)4 His life was carefully compartmentalized ,with his work in one tity and his social life in another.(para.10)5 Lloyd has carved a_niche __for himself as a proifessional terries p;ayer.(para.10)6 As the feeling of panic_ heightened ,peop;e started to fee towartis the exits.(para.12)7 Both ides have reached an agreementthat is _ binding __on all parties.(para.12)8 He was a famous joumalist who wrote articles elegartly and_ articulately.(para.13)9 Bill disliked the man immediately,and the feeling was_ mutual __.(para.13)10 The differences between the two parties seemed especially_ irreconcilable,so it was difficult for them to reach an agreement.(para.14)g.collect 2affuent----o.wealthy 3reversal----a.oppsite4.reversal----b .respond5.disparity----c. difference6.counsel----f.advise7.subtle----k.delicate 8.therapy----l.treatment 9.prospective---d.would-be10.adore----e.idolize 11.bliss----j.happiness 12.loathe----n .hate13.macho ----h.masculinity 14sneer----I. ridicule 15touchy----m.offensiveof humor.pulsoryof their parents.3.leaseA.Many new and tall buildings have big posters on their front windows saying―For Sale‖but the real estate prospects are still quite bleak..A.Because he was driving his car at a speed of over 180 miles an hourroad.the world may make people aware how serious airin the last century have again become a fashion now.of China.6.deficiencya diet in vitamin D.C.The demerits of the present educational system are revealed by colledgeexperience.7.extractA.There is no need to read the whole novel.Sometimes people may benefit a lot from reading just a few extracts.Germany to join the air force officers in the search for answers to the mysterythatB.9.spareprospered at its new location a year later owing to their joint efforts and hard work.(C) succeeded2.Having taken the medicine, he went to bed and soon feel into a profound sleep. (D) D. sound3.If l’ve hurt your feelings, it was not intended. (B) B. planned.4.How can you justify your rude behaviour towards your parents who love you so much? (A) A. defend asblameless5.He withheld the money until he was sure they would use it properly. (C) C. kept6.The witness gave a factual account of what had happened in the court. (C) C. true7.She had a pathetic look on her face because he left without saying good-bye to her. (D) D. sorrowful8.Even in modern society, barter(物物交换) transactions account for a certain amount of trade. (D) D. dealings9.They omitted from the report any mention of the programme’s difficulties. (D) D. canceled10.The young generation holds different views about family values and they show great disrespect to their parents. (B)B. rudenessaccessible to every kind of citizen form the most deperate of the poor to the wealthiest and most powerful among us.A agreeable C influential D managealedecline of scores on scholastic achievement tests for the rise in crime and for theA rejection D Shrinkagefoestering conditions in cities that will be favorable to economic growth. AB meaningfulC capableD creativeinnvative. DA generativeB meaningfulC capablebecause they allow for the development of skills and simplifyD efficiency of a machineupheavalA depression Bcollapseprestige. AB significanceC distinctionD eminenceresent being asked to discuss their personal feelings. AB declineC rejectD avoid：the Universe is a Universe of law, and God is not confusing us with deliberte paradoxes. DA complicationsB commissionsC confrontationsthem when they came and registered inC protectedD usheredA.emitted C.smiledB.shone D.shotA 2 Joyce is loved by all her friends because she is very congenial.A.pleasant C.courageousB.wealthy D.sensitiveD 3 We dressed in casual clothes for the outing.A.expensive C.fineB.plain rmalB 4 When two people feel the same way about each other,their feelings are mutual.patible C.visibleB.reciprocal D.typicalA 5 We’ve made tentative plans for a holiday but haven’t decided anything yet.A.temporary C.purposelyB.detailed D.refreshingC 6 Our sales campaign will be intensified to meet the keen competition.A.moderated C.strengthenedB.satisfied anizedC 7 We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard work.A.exepect C.enjoyB.loathe D.sunspendB 8 Without a moment’s hesitation he accepted the mission.A.offer C.promotionB.assignment D.invitationD 9 The result surpassed the highest anticipations of the promoters of the scheme.A.eagemess C.excitementsB.hesitations D.expectationsB 10 It was inevitable that the smaller company should merge with the large one.A.urgent C.importantB.unavoidable D.necessary1.The first English immigrants that is (A) now the United States crossed (B) the Atlantic long after (C)Spanish colonieshad been established(D) in Mexico, the West Indies and south America. (A) what is2.We’d rather have long waits than (A) no shifting of the scenes, and (B) all the actors on (C) the stage doing (D) nothing.(A) than have3.The teacher said that if (A) we believed something was (B) true and good we should (C) hold on to them (D). (D)it4.The text and dialogues below (A) focus on (B) cultural differences between Chinese and Western societies which (C)can create misunderstanding if ignoring (D). (D) ignored5.When sailors are not supposed (A) to be at (B)work on the ship, they go to (C)ashore and look around (D) town.(C) go6.Abraham Lincoln once spoke of (A)democracy by (B)saying that (C)he would not be a slave and nor he would be (D)a master. (D) would he be7.I didn’t mind their coming (A)late to (B) the lecture, but objected (C) their making so much (D) noise. (C)objected to8.It’s true that the old road is less direct and a bit (A)longer; we won’t (B) take the new one, therefore (C), because wedon’t feel as safe (D) on it. (C) though9.Don’t make the examiner spend (A) too much (B) time trying (C)to get you say something (D). (D) to saysomething10.On (A)seeing the young girl falling (B) into the lake, Eric sprang on his feet (C) and went to (D)her rescue. (C)to his feetcan predict that(A) the consequences of urban growth on(B) such a scale will be (C) for (D) the people living there or elsewhereAthat改为what2 Human beings are paying a lot for medicine and are not getting all that (A) they think they are (B) paying(C) a guarantee to (D) endless bettermentC playing后面加上for3 Despite (A) his low opinion of(B) professors –or perhaps in (C) an effort to improve the breed –Smith himself eventually became it(D)D it改为one4 With（A）the word scientist we mean one who is equipped to (B)spend a life tme for(D)the advancement of scinece to the best(D) of one’s abillityA with改为By5 Any culture ,which,in the interests (A) of efficiency or in the name of (B)some political or religious dogma,that seek (C) to standardize the human individual ,commits an outrage against (D) man’s biological natureC that seek改为seeks6 The stroke left(A) him with serious difficulties (B) in speaking and with an impairing (C) memory for(D)C impairing改为impaired7 As for (A) the last point ,it is perhaps not generally realized how dfficult is it (B) to make verbally (C) accurate translations(D) of extremely techinical materialB it is 改为is it8 This has caused(A) them to deduce that scineces is mathematics(B) and hardly nothing(C) else(D)C nothing改为anything9 It is (A) no doubt that (B) China has benefited from(C) her population policy (D)A it is改为There is10 The university ,faced with tightening (A) budgets and declining enrollments ,is (B) casting about(C) for new ways to support and enlarge their(D) research activitiesD their改为itsstudy of oceanic plants and animals and their ecological relations, has furthered the efficient development of fishers.2, In spite of his aged appearance, his movements were as spirited as a young man’s.3 Since I loved her very much when she was alive, I prize my mother-in-law’s picture and I wouldn’t sell it for all the money in the world.4 Human beings are social animals who usually prefer not to live in physical or psychological isolation.5 People who lose weight with the help of behavioral techniques, like weighing themselves regularly and keeping records of what they eat, seem to need the same techniques to keep the weight off.6 The current anti-procreative atmosphere may be interpreted as a triumph of private over social interests or, more, a triumph of rational man over natural man of the facilities of planning, reason, and choice over emotion, heredity, and instinct.7 They cannot go camping right now because they are taking care of a three-week-old baby.8 The field of dynamics in physics is concerned with a particle’s motion in relation to the forces acting on it.9 The suggestion that taxes be cut was not accepted by the mayor who foresaw a deficit that was not yet public known.I think I would have enjoyed the movie we went to last night even more if I had read the book before seeing it.that(D)knowledge or skill. C. how little it might be2 Every paper and magazine were(A)lying in wait(B)with(C)exhaustive stones about the royal split(D)between the prince and princess of Wales. A. was3 In debating,one musr correct the opponents’s facts,demy the relevance of his proof,or(A)deny that(B)what(C)he presents as proof,unless(D)relevant,is sunfficent. D. however4 The reason why james Bond movies are（A）so popular is(B)because(C)they combine the appeal of traditional spy(D)stories with the appeal of technological devices. C. that5 So(A)effective these techniqunes are(B)that(C)considerable experimentation is now being done(D)in teaching by means od television. B. are these techniques6 A knowledge of several languages is essential to(A)the study of comparative literature because without(B)them(C)one can read books only in(D)translation C. it7 This time Williams had to(A)stay a week longer than is expected(B)but had brought(C)his family some special gifts to make up for it(D). B. expected8 A Brazilian linguistics professor claims(A)that language learners’rights(B)are ignored in language teaching,and that(C)no approach can be truly“hunmanistic”when(D)these rights are recognized. D. until9 It is our deckine since then(A)in relation to our Europenan partners that has been so marked,in order that(B)today we are not only no longer(C)a world power,but we are not in the first rank even as(D) a European one. B. so that10 Aside with(A)overcrowding and poor public transport(B),the biggest(C)problems that(D)face Athenians are noise and pollution.. A. Aside fromuntil they can afford it financially.2 I would advise you not to press the matter too hard or become convinced that money does not matter.3 In these days, with the rising cost of living, it is dangerous for a married man to risk his place in his profession or in his community.4 He argues that he would not want his children to have to suffer hardship or not be socially acceptable because of lack of money.5 By the time people reach the sixties and are faced with（删除）retirement, the value of money as a source of security might reach its peak.6 Accordingly, this may be chief reason why some people wish to get rich as the actual goods or possessions play a secondary part to the（删除）envy or admiration that this wealth brings them.7 When a person lives on inherited income, whether it supplements what he earns, or frees him from working, he in judged as coming from a successful family.8 Man requires accurate mathematical information but may find it difficult to express numbers in a way he can understand.9 The trouble is that with everything becoming qualified, from micro up to macro, the world is becoming overburdened with numbers that defy man’s own ability to comprehend, even when they are about his own body.10 In Latin America, for example, studies indicate that women, who have completed primary school average, have about two children fewer than those who have not.make alternative arrangements to get to the airport.2.No one in this department has ever accused the governor of taking advantage of his position ;he is hard-working and considerate.3.The pet dog died when it was fifteen,not of old age,but of a head injury when it fell down a flight of stairs.4.Casualties are said to be very high and in some villages,where older and less substantial buildings predominate,it is said that not a house remains standing.5.It was an accepted custom in western countries for men to open the door for women and always to let ladies go first on social occasions.6.Early industrial people used three times as much energy as their agricultural ancestors;modern people are using three times as much as their industrial ancestors.7.Geothermal sources, though in a sense free ,in order to be maintained, would end up using more energy than they produced.8.Ever since the invenetion of the tow-day weekend,where-to-go-for-the-holiday has been live topic for people in this city.9.When we speak of leisure nowadays,we are not thinking of securing time or opportunity to do something;time weighs less heavily on our hands.and the problem is how to fill it.10.There is absolutely no reason for saying that there are no regularities in Nature with which our statements of natural law correspond.known the snowstorm would be(B) so treacherous,the hikers did not venture (C)into it(D)without proper equipment.C. would not have ventured2.His mood has swung (A) from a deep depression (B)to something(C) approaching(D)optimism.B. deep depression3.People seem to (A)respond on (B) an individual basis depended upon (C) how much hassle (D) each life eventcreates for a particular person.C. depending upon4.These are some of the key issues (A)about bringing up and educating(B)girls discussing (C)in ProfessorSimps on’s talks and confidence-building(D)workshop for women.C. discussed5.On each (A) side of the highway was (B) hundreds of billboards advertising (C)in Professor Simpson’s talks andconfidence-building(D) workshop for women.B. were6.Were it (A) not for the developments in steel production ,the railroad system had not developed (B) to open up (C)the west of the United States and to industrialize (D) England.B. would not have developed7.He had turned down (A) something he wanted to do because he was scared (B), and had ended up (C) f eelingdepressive(D).D. feeling depressed8.If (A) the highly honored Duke Ellington, who had appeared on (B) the bandstand some 1,000 times over 30 years,has anxiety attacks (C) who was l to think (D) l could avoid them?C. had anxiety attacks9.Brush strokes are not only (A) used for (B) making contour and structure, they are symbols of (C) sentiments andemotions of the painter for himself(D).D. himself10.Economists have tried to discourage(A)the use of the phrase ―undeveloped nation‖ and encouraging (B) themore (C)accurate phrase ―developing nation‖ in order to suggest an on-going (D) process.B. to encourageas happy families value pleasures that involve personal effort, so they value possessions that have personal meaning, like Grandma’s wedding ring.2：If so pervasive a medium has come into our society in the last four decades, and if our society has changed in drastic ways in that same time, why not assume that TV is the reason why American life looks so different?3：Consider the frequently heard charge that the increase in television violence is somehow responsible for the surge in crime.4：American fire departments have to be the world’s best –equipped as America has twice Japan’s population, and 40 times as many fires.5：To meet the expanding needs and demands of the visually impaired person, there is a sequence of instructions that begins during the preschool years and may continue after high school.6：Vincent Van Gogh killed himself when he was only 37, but he left behind him more than 2,000 paintings and drawings, which established his reputation in a way he would have never considered possible.7：The chairman of the department, together with some other teachers, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.8：A great book (in删除) rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading to（加of）which you are capable.9：Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility and decomposes animal remains.10：If only I had read the books on the reading list before I attended the lecture.The identical twins have adjoining rooms because they are inseparable from each other.2.His friends slapped him on the back when he said he was getting married.3.He took her by the shoulders,but she took an alarmingly long time to open her eyes.4.She suffered burnout after doing her last exam.5.She’s an excellent student-bright,attentive and conscientious.6.All the survivors of the disaster needed counseling,and the worst affected received psychotherapy.7.About 100 years ago,two American researchers theorized that tooth decay was caused by a microbe.8.His behavior is that of a manic depressive.9.She sang an emotional song about love and death.10.Life was pure misery last month;the children were ill and l had little money.s wife did not really stick by him when business fell apart and he became penniless.2,After his graduation from Shanghai Conservatory of Music,he went to Guangzhou to try his luck at a musical career. 3,These were creatures thriwn up,so to speak,from the depths.4,It’s unlikely that the forthcoming talks will amount to very much.5,If you don’t know what you want,you might end up getting something you don’t want.6,I asked him how he was and how his project was working out.7,The strange noise turned out to be just the dog scratching at the door.8,He left his hometown to seek his fortune in big cities when he was only fifteen in spite of his parents’objection.9,Buying a stretch limousine costs big bucks and only a few people can afford one10,Not many people could have their income increased beyond their dreams.1 In order to prevent corruption, the top leaders of government are required to announce their income in public.2 Some educators think that laying too much emphasis on classroom discipline is holding back the students’ enthusiasm in study.3 With the encouragement of their teacher, most students now take comfort in speaking English with each other in class.4 People are expecting to have a robot servant at home, that is, the orders are programmed in computers and then everything will be done by it.5 We had planned a picnic for the weekend but it rained all day, so we decided to make up for it on the coming weekend.6 The projector will not work unless it is connected with that machine.7 Aside from taking twenty credits for the compulsory courses, you have to take at least twelve credits of elective courses to earn a degree.8 She is quite comfortable with her new job because she loves to talk with people.the Silent Generation?7 They training as a way to learn a new skill or behaviour that makes them more marketableThere are women with1. whom, if our paths weren’s 2. crossing all the time,we’d have no particular reason to be friends: a next-door3. neighbor, a woman in our car pool, the4. mother of one of our children’s closest friends or 5. maybe some mommy with whom we serve juice and cookies each week at the Glenwood Co-op Nursery.Convenience friends are convenient 6. indeed. They’ll lend us their cups and silverware 7. for a party.They’ll drive our kids to soccer 8. when we’re sick.They’ll take us to pick up our car when we need a 9. lift to the garage. They’ll even take our cats when we go on vacation, 10. as we will for them.But we don’t , with convenience friends, ever11. come too close or tell too much;we maintain our 12. public face and emotional distance. ―13. which means,‖says Elaine, ―that I’ll talk about14. being overweight but not about being 15. depressed.That means I’ll admit being mad but not 16. blind with rage. That means that I might say that we’re pitched this month but 17. never that I’m worried sick 18. over money.‖But that doesn’t mean that there isn’t19. sufficient value to be found in these friendships of 20. mutual aid, in convenienceViewers in Shanghai now have more than ten channels at their disposal.2.The British Army was in the throes of reorganization after War ll.3.We went to a restaurant that specializes in ltalian food during our stay in London.4.Chronic in digestion comes in a number of forms,one of which is stomachache.5.She had a talent for music and played the piano very well.6.These community services are likely to be available to all of us before long.7.Having the car stolen completely screwed up our holiday plans.8.Climate is especially important in the case of articles that are readily affected by moisture.9.She was absent today because she’s had a touch of hay fever.10.When we visited the Tower of London we had to wait outside because only a certain number of people were allowed inPsychiatnic treatment of the family__ centered on ___separating the children from their parents.2When my parents went back to ___their childhood,they began to discuss or consider some events that had happened at that time.3He__ drew on ___his experience as a joumalist to make a documentary programme.4Taking into account ____all the circumstances,he thought it wise not to say anything further.5The other members of the Council were expected to fall into step ___with the chairperson.6When at last she lost her voice,he__ took up ___the reading aloud of the story.7He got really jealous when his girlfriend___ strikes up __a fniendship with another young man.8The film__ is based on ___a short story by Thomas Mann.9Do you know when Parliament first__ came into being ___?10She has__ served on ___the committee for the last fifteen years.11“Sorry,l got interrupted”.。
研究生公共英语(下)课本翻译
Unit 1: Science vs. the Humanities科学是一门知识，是解决工业、农业、战争和医疗方面技术问题的非常有用的工具。
要了解科学在于解决个人和国家面临的物质和精神方面可以达到什么广度和深度，就必须了解科学的真实含义是什么。
科学一词来自拉丁语Scire，它的意思是“知道”。
所以，从广义上讲，科学不过是指我们所知道的事情，是人类知识的总和。
但是，把科学定义为人类的全部知识是不切实际的，因为很明显，有各种不同门类的知识。
这些知识根据其获得的方法以及它所适合的经验范围而有所不同。
我们所了解的有关艺术、文学、法律、宗教和专门技术知识等都不同程度地分属于各种独立的知识财富，与我们通常所说的科学没有什么联系。
Science is a kind of knowledge which is a very useful tool in solving the technical problems of industry, agriculture, warfare, and medicine. To understand the width and depth to which science can be applied to the material and spiritual problems that confront individuals and nations requires an understanding of what science really is.The word science comes to us from a Latin word, Scire, which means “to know”. Then, in a broad sense, science is simply what we know, the total of all human knowledge. But the definition of science as all human knowledge would not be a workable one, for it is obvious that there are different types of knowledge. The kinds differ according to how the knowledge was obtained, and also according to what frame of experience it fits. What we know of the arts, literature, law, religion, and technical know-how, are more or less separate funds of knowledge. They have little to do with what we commonly call science.Unit5: The Science of Custom对人类学家来说，文化的涵义远胜于修养、品味、温文尔雅、教育以及美术欣赏等。
Unit.2 Grad Reading Book 1(辽宁大学研究生英语课本)
Reference NotesUnit 2 Art of the TableReading FocusCulinary Delights in ChinaTopic-related InformationChinese cuisineChinese cuisine originated from various regions of China and has become widespread in many other parts of the world. Regional cultural differences vary greatly within China, givmg rise to different styles of food across the nation. Traditionally there are eight major major reglonal cuisines, or Eight Cuisines (八大菜系) coming from Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces. Sometimes four of the Eight Cuisines are given greater emphasis, and are considered to be the dominant culinary heritage of China. They are notably defined along geographical lines: Sichuan (Western China), Guangdong (Southern China), Shandong (Northern China), as well as Huaiyang Cuisine (Eastern China), a major style derived from Jiangsu cuisine and even viewed as the representation of that region's cooking.In modem times, Beijing cuisine and Shanghai cuisine on occasion are also cited along with the classical eight regional styles as the Ten Cuisines (十大菜系).French cuismeFrencn cmsme is a style of cooking derived from the nation of France. It evolved from centuries of social and political change. Ingredients and dishes vary by regmn, Cheese and wine are the major parts of the cuisine, playing different roles regionally and natmnally Frenc cmsme is renowned forr its refined cookng and fresh ingredients.About the textIn this passage, the author uses expository method to explain what culinary delights in China are. The passage is divided into three parts which are subtitled, namely, Regional Chinese Cuisines, Every Dish Has a Story, and Warmth and Hospitality Expressed by Food. The three parts, though independent from each other, work together to serve the topic of Culinary Delights in China. In each part, the authoruses vivid details to support the main idea.The author uses very specific and vivid words, interesting stories as well as a touch of humor when trying to represent the culinary delights. On the whole, the passage provides us acheerful and witty reading.参考译文中餐被公认为全球最佳美食之一，其种类之丰富，工艺之繁复，使其理所当然地成为游客大快朵颐的乐事之一。
天津外国语学院硕士研究生入学考试参考书目教学教材
1.大学日语专业教材新版
2.国际日语能力测试1级
日语语言学理论与实践
1.《日本语言》徐一平编著高等教育出版社
2.《日本語概説》加藤彰彦等编桜楓社
日本文学
1.《日本文学史》不限版本
2.《日本古典文学作品选读》不限版本
日语教育
1.《外语教学法》不限版本
2.《日本語教育事典》日本語教育学会編 大修館
作者：Karl-Heinz Wüst出版社：外语教学与研究出版社
3.《文学与认识》，作者：王炳钧，出版社：外语教学与研究出版社
基础西班牙语
1.《现代西班牙语》第二、三、四、五册，董燕生外研社
2.《新编西班牙语阅读课本》第一、二、三、四册李多外研社2000
西班牙语翻译理论
与实践
1.《西汉翻译教程》孙家孟等上海外教社1988.5.
日语同声传译
1.《新编汉日翻译教程》高宁上海外语教育出版社社
2.《新编日译汉教程》（新版）陈岩大连理工大学出版社
3.《新编汉日日汉同声传译教程》宋协毅外语教学与研究出版社
汉语
1.《中国文学史》（古代部分、凡高校使用的教材均可参考）
2 .《古汉语通论》郑铁生编写?天津市“十一五”规划教材2004年10月河北教育出版社（第4 - 8章）
3.《德语高级写作》Ralf Glitza外语教学与研究出版社2005
德语教学法
1.Storch, Geunther,2001:Deutsch als Fremdsprache – Eine Didaktik. Fink
德语文学
1.《德国文学史》，作者：余匡复，出版社：上海外语教育出版社
2.《德国文学简史》Geschichte der deutschen Literatur
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1
Part I(1-3)
Introduction to key players:what and how
Part II(4-12)
Traits of key players:
Trait1:The selfless collaborator
Trait2:A sense of urgency
Trait3:Risk tolerance
Trait4:Strength in interpersonal relationships
第一部分（1-3）
关键球员介绍：什么和如何
第二部分（4-12）
关键球员的特征：
特点1：无私的合作者
特质2：紧迫感
特质3：风险承受能力
特质4：人际关系中的力量
4
Part I Introduction(Paras.1-3)
Love is essential for human survival.
Part II Body(Paras.4-7)
What is love?
Part III Conclusion(Para.8-12)
What brings people together?And is there a person out there that one in meant for?
第一部分导论（第1-3）
爱是人类生存的基本。
第二部分体（了4-7）
什么是爱？
第三部分结论（Para。
8-12）
什么东西把人们聚集在一起？有一个人在那里，一个意味着？
6
1.Gifts of loneliness and privacy,and opportunities for fulfillment;
2.Full of tall deeds,great people and wonderful undertakings;
3.18inches far from/near to those famous people;
4.The option of participation or insulation;
5.The choice is with the individual--New Yorkers are lucky in this regard;
6.The insulation may weaken them as individual;
7.However,the insulation has a positive effect on the creative capacities of New Yorkers;
8.The abundance of excitments prevents New Yorkers from a deficiency of spirit
1。
礼物的孤独和隐私，以及实现的机会；
2。
高大的事迹，伟大的人民和美好的事业；
3。
离那些名人近18英寸远；
4。
参与或隔离的选择；
5。
个人的选择——纽约人在这方面是幸运的；
6。
隔离可能削弱他们作为个人；
7。
然而，隔离对纽约人的创造能力的积极作用；
8。
丰富的激动使纽约人从精神的缺乏
7
Part I Introduction(Para.1)
What is human nature?
Part II Body(Paras.2-9)
Characteristics of human nature
(8characteristics)
The basic nature of human beings does not change
No one wishes his nature to change
Human nature is ever true to itself,not to systems of faith or education
The constancy(稳定性)of human nature is proverbial(众所周知的)
Human nature can be studied,controlled and directed
Man’s spirit(精神)is perfect,only the personality and the physical body become imperfect
Man’s majesty(伟大;王权)and nobility(高尚;高贵)are taken for granted.Only behaviors deviated from the normal attract attention
Man’s inherent goodness is revealed by his countless acts of heroism
Part III Conclusion(Para.10)
Human nature can only be understood,not changed
第一部分介绍（第，1）
什么是人性？
第二部分体（第2-9）
人性特征
（8个特点）
人类的基本本性不改变
没有人希望他的本性改变
人性永远忠于自己，而不是信仰或教育体系
恒定（稳定性）人性是众所周知的（众所周知的）
人性可以被研究、控制和引导
人的精神（精神）是完美的，只有人格和身体变得不完美
人的威严（伟大；王权）和贵族（高尚；高贵）是理所当然的。
只有偏离正常的行为才会引起注意
他无数的英雄主义行为揭示了人的内在善良
第三部分结论（第10段）
人性只能被理解，而不是改变
9
Part I(1-2)
Affordable housing has become a problem not only for the urban poor but also for the suburban middle-class.
Part II(3-9)
Causes of the problem(government3-8,mismatch9)
Part III(10)
Consequences of the problem
Part IV(11-13)
Solutions to the problem
Part V(14)
Summary:Home ownership:the American dream that remains to be realized
第一部分（1-2）
负担得起的住房已成为一个问题，不仅为城市贫民，但也为郊区中产阶级。
第二部分（3-9）
引起问题的原因（government3-8，mismatch9）
第三部分（10）
问题的后果
第四部分（11-13）
解决问题的方法
第五部分（14）
总结：居者有其屋：美国梦还有待实现
10
Para.1
American society has a long-standing consensus(共识)about the value of education. Para.2
Our society's confidence in its institutions of higher education is clear from the generosity of government investment in research but it comes with expectation. Para.3
Modern academic study relates to the world;it is not apart from it as in the past. Para.4
We have an obligation to search for new ideas and knowledge.
Para.5
We have an obligation to disseminate(传播)new ideas and knowledge.
Para.6
We have an obligation to educate the next generation of citizens and leaders. Para.7
We should cultivate(培养)the qualities of thought and discernment(洞察力)in our students.
1段。
美国社会有一个长期的共识（共识）关于教育的价值。
2段。
我们的社会对其高等教育的信心从政府投资研究的慷慨是显而易见的，但它伴随着期望.。
3段。
现代学术研究与世界有关，与过去不分。
4段。
我们有义务寻找新思想和新知识。
5段。
我们有义务传播（传播）新思想和新知识。
6段。
我们有义务教育下一代公民和领导人。
7段。
我们应该培养学生的思考能力和洞察力（洞察力）在我们的学生。