2017美赛A题中文翻译
美国数学建模题目至翻译
美国数学建模题目2017至2017翻译篇一：2017年建模美赛C题带翻译Problem C: “Cooperate and navigate”Traffic capacity is limited in many regions of the United States due to the number of lanes of roads.For example, in the Greater Seattle area drivers experience long delays during peak traffic hoursbecause the volume of traffic exceeds the designed capacity of the road networks. This is particularlypronounced on Interstates 5, 90, and 405, as well as State Route 520, the roads of particular interestfor this problem.Self-driving, cooperating cars have been proposed as a solution to increase capacity of highwayswithout increasing number of lanes or roads. The behavior of these cars interacting with the existingtraffic flow and each other is not well understood at this point.The Governor of the state of Washington has asked for analysis of the effects of allowing self-driving,cooperating cars on the roads listed above in Thurston, Pierce, King, and Snohomish counties. (Seethe provided map and Excel spreadsheet).In particular, how do the effects change as thepercentage of self-driving cars increases from 10% to 50% to 90%? Do equilibria exist? Is there atipping point where performance changes markedly? Under what conditions, if any, should lanes bededicated to these cars? Does your analysis of your model suggest any other policy changes?Your answer should include a model of the effects on traffic flow of the number of lanes, peak and/oraverage traffic volume, and percentage of vehicles using self-driving, cooperating systems. Yourmodel should address cooperation between self-driving cars as well as the interaction between self-driving and non-self-driving vehicles. Your model should then be applied to the data for the roads ofinterest, provided in the attached Excel spreadsheet.Your MCM submission should consist of a 1 page Summary Sheet, a 1-2 page letter to theGovernor’s office, and your solution (not to exceed 20 pages) for a maximum of 23 pages. Note: Theappendix and references do not count toward the 23 page limit. Some useful background information:On average, 8% of the daily traffic volume occurs during peak travel hours. ? The nominal speed limit for all these roads is 60 miles per hour.? Mileposts are numbered from south to north, and west to east.? Lane widths are the standard 12 feet.? Highway 90 is classified as a state route until it intersects Interstate 5.? In case of any conflict between the data provided in this problem and any other source, use thedata provided in this problem.Definitions:milepost: A marker on the road that measures distance in miles from either the start of the route or astate boundary.average daily traffic: The average number of cars per day driving on the road.interstate: A limited access highway, part of a national system.state route: A state highway that may or may not be limited access.route ID: The number of the highway.increasing direction: Northbound for N-S roads, Eastbound for E-W roads.decreasing direction: Southbound for N-S roads, Westbound for E-W roads.问题C：“合作和导航”由于道路的数量，美国许多地区的交通容量有限。
2017年全国卷I英语精校解析翻译版
绝密★启封前试卷类型A2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。
其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。
第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirtA. ￡19. 15.B. ￡9. 18.C. ￡9. 15.答案是C。
1. What does the woman think of the movieA. It’s amusingB. It’s excitingC. It’s disappointing2. How will Susan spend most of her time in FranceA. Traveling aroundB. Studying at a schoolC. Looking after her aunt3. What are the speakers talking aboutA. Going outB. Ordering drinksC. Preparing for a party4. Where are the speakersA. In a classroomB. In a libraryC. In a bookstore5. What is the man going to doA. Go on the InternetB. Make a phone callC. Take a train trip第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
美国数学建模题目2017至2017翻译
美国数学建模题目2017至2017翻译各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢篇一：2017年建模美赛C题带翻译Problem C: “Cooperate and navigate”Traffic capacity is limited in many regions of the United States due to the number of lanes of example, in the Greater Seattle area drivers experience long delays during peak traffic hoursbecause the volume of traffic exceeds the designed capacity of the road networks. This is particularlypronounced on Interstates 5, 90, and 405, as well as State Route 520, the roads of particular interestfor this problem.Self-driving, cooperating cars have been proposed as a solution to increase capacity of highwayswithout increasing number of lanes or roads. The behavior ofthese cars interacting with the existingtraffic flow and each other is not well understood at this point.The Governor of the state of Washington has asked for analysis of the effects of allowing self-driving,cooperating cars on the roads listed above in Thurston, Pierce, King, and Snohomish counties. (Seethe provided map and Excel spreadsheet). In particular, how do the effects change as thepercentage of self-driving cars increases from 10% to 50% to 90%? Do equilibria exist? Is there atipping point where performance changes markedly? Under what conditions, if any, should lanes bededicated to these cars? Does your analysis of your model suggest any other policy changes?Your answer should include a model of the effects on traffic flow of the number of lanes, peak and/oraverage trafficvolume, and percentage of vehicles using self-driving, cooperating systems. Yourmodel should address cooperation between self-driving cars as well as the interaction between self-driving and non-self-driving vehicles. Your model should then be applied to the data for the roads ofinterest, provided in the attached Excel spreadsheet.Your MCM submission should consist of a 1 page Summary Sheet, a 1-2 page letter to theGovernor’s office, and your solution (not to exceed 20 pages) for a maximum of 23 pages. Note: Theappendix and references do not count toward the 23 page limit. Some useful background information:On average, 8% of the daily traffic volume occurs during peak travel hours. ? The nominal speed limit for all these roads is 60 miles per hour.? Mileposts are numbered from southto north, and west to east.? Lane widths are the standard 12 feet.? Highway 90 is classified as a state route until it intersects Interstate 5.? In case of any conflict between the data provided in this problem and any other source, use thedata provided in this problem.Definitions:milepost: A marker on the road that measures distance in miles from either the start of the route or astate boundary.average daily traffic: The average number of cars per day driving on the : A limited access highway, part of a national system.state route: A state highway that may or may not be limited access.route ID: The number of the highway.increasing direction: Northbound for N-S roads, Eastbound for E-W roads.decreasing direction: Southbound for N-S roads, Westbound for E-W roads.问题C：“合作和导航”由于道路的数量，美国许多地区的交通容量有限。
2017美赛B题中文翻译
B题中文翻译：问题B：收费后合并多车道有限接入收费公路使用“坡道收费”和“障碍收费”来收取驾驶员的收费。
斜坡收费是在高速公路的入口或出口匝道处的收集机构，并且这些不关心我们在这里。
障碍收费是一排跨过高速公路的收费站，垂直于交通流的方向。
通常（总是）更多的收费站比交通车道（见前2005年MCM问题B）。
因此，当驶出收费站时，车辆必须从较大数量的收费站出口车道“扇入”到较少数量的常规行驶车道。
收费广场是高速公路需要用于促进障碍收费的区域，包括在障碍收费之前的扇出区域，收费路径本身以及收费路径之后的扇入区域。
例如，三车道高速公路（一个方向）可以在障碍通行费中使用8个收费站。
在支付了费用之后，车辆在具有与进入收费广场相同数量的车道（在该示例中为三个）的高速公路上继续行驶。
考虑在每个方向上具有L个行驶车道的收费高速公路和在每个方向上包含B个收费站（B> L）的障碍通行费。
确定跟随收费障碍的区域的形状，尺寸和合并模式，其中车辆从B过街出口车道下行到L个车道。
在您的模型中纳入的重要注意事项包括事故预防，吞吐量（每小时通过广场末端加入L外出车道的车辆数量）和成本（土地和道路建设昂贵）。
特别地，该问题不仅仅要求可能已经实现的任何特定收费广场设计的性能分析。
重点是确定是否有比任何常用的更好的解决方案（形状，大小和合并模式）。
确定您的解决方案在轻和重的流量的性能。
随着更多自主（自驾）车辆添加到交通组合中，您的解决方案如何改变？您的解决方案如何影响常规（人员配备）收费站，精确更换（自动）收费站和电子收费站（例如通过车辆中的应答器收集电子费用）的比例？您的MCM提交应包括1页摘要表，1-2页给新泽西州收费公路管理局的信件，以及您的解决方案（不超过20页），最多23页。
注意：附录和参考文献不计入23页的限制。
美赛A题讲解
4）位置更新规则： xi xi vi
车辆换道规则设计
“右行左超车”下的双车道换道规则
由于高速路上车速相对较高，因此，考虑到安全性的 因素，借鉴文献【1】中的换道规则，提出如下双车道 换道规则：
1）车辆由右向左变道规则。如果当前在右车道行驶的车辆 与前车的间距较小使得当前车辆的前行受阻，而其与相邻左 车道上的前车间距较大，同时与左车道上后方车辆的间距 大于安全距离，则车辆以概率 P 0 由右向左变道，即
元胞自动机的微观规则设计
首先研究高速路一个方向两车道的超车问题。假设每一 车道分为1000个元胞，则2条车道划分为 21000 的元胞矩阵
定义每个元胞长度为5.5米，则模拟的实际道路长度为5.5km。
仿真的时间，步设为1秒。一个元胞的全部状态用一个5元组 表示： （ vi (t), xi (t), wi (t),ci (t), d i ( t ) ） 5个状态参数分别为：第i辆车在t时刻的速度，所处元胞
4、考虑到不同驾驶员的驾驶行为有所差异，车辆状态 的改变具有一定的随机性，因此，假设在行车过程中， 所有车辆状态的改变都按一定的概率发生。
5、在仿真过程中，通过在一个预先设定的区域，用定量 的汽车采用循环的方式来模拟整个高速交通情况。仿真路 段内汽车数量即车辆密度是常数，但是将对不同的密度进 行仿真。
2、是否存在更好的交通规则，如果存在，如何说明其更好。 3、新规则是否适合靠左行驶的国家，是否需要考虑其他因素。 4、在智能系统的控制下，上述规则表现如何，结果有何变化。 注：对该问题的研究可以归结为“右行左超车”规则下的交通
流模型的研究。
模型建立-元胞自动机模型
对于交通问题的研究中最经典的模型有跟车模型、流体 力学模型和元胞自动机模型。
2017英语高考真题全国新课标I卷汉语同步翻译
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
我接到来自玛特镇一名女士的救援电话。 她在地上发现了一只猫头鹰幼雏。当我赶到 时，发现了一只两到三周大的猫头鹰幼雏。 为安全起见，她以及被放置在一只手提购物 袋中。
我对这只幼雏进行了检查，它状况良好。 如果我能够找到它的巢穴的位置，我也许可 以把他放回去。但是没有那么幸运。我接下 来的工作就是建造一个巢穴并将巢穴固定在 树上。
这个房主很乐于助人。找到了一只钢丝笼。 我把一些松树枝放进笼子里让鸟窝更安全舒 适。我把雏鸟放进笼子里，它很快镇定下来。
2017全国大学生英语竞赛A类初赛答案及听力文本
2017National English Competitionfor College Students(Level A-Preliminary)参考答案及作文评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension(30marks)Section A(5marks)1—5DAABASection B(10marks)6—10TFTFF11—15ABDACSection C(5marks)16—20BBCABSection D(10marks)21.purchase22.wealthy23.semi-detached24.fatalitiespulsory26.developing27.cities28.bad manpower planning29.production30.capital-intensivePart II Vocabulary&Grammar(15marks)31—35AADAB36—40CCDCA41-45BABCBPart III Cloze(10marks)46.dwarfed47.phenomenal48.globe49.predicts50.inhabitants51.demand52.partly53.approaches54.supply(support)55.installationPart IV Reading Comprehension(35marks)Section A56.ongoing57.exercise regime.58.skip ropes59.overindulge60.fitness optionsSection B61.F62.C63.B64.D65.ASection C(10marks)66.Many brightly colored fiberglass cows.(Painted statues of cow)67.Walter Knapp.68.They are sold(auctioned)to raise money for charity.69.She designed a reclining cow to reflect the sponsor’s promotion of“home from home”with a built-in couch and standard lamp.70.He believes it’s a great antidote to the over-seriousness of some contemporary art.Section D(10marks)71.inner world72.literary talent73.Speed74.promote well being75.neater and delicatePart V Translation(15marks)Section A(5marks)76.电子书服务提供商掌阅在其发布的数字阅读报告中指出，中学生和大学生喜欢阅读电子书，平均每年读18本电子书。
(完整word版)2017年建模美赛A题带翻译
Problem A：Managing The Zambezi RiverThe Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River is one of the larger dams in Africa。
Its construction was controversial， and a 2015 report by the Institute of Risk Management of South Africa included a warning that the dam is in dire need of maintenance. A number of options are available to the Zambezi River Authority （ZRA） that might address the situation. Three options in particular are of interest to ZRA:(Option 1） Repairing the existing Kariba Dam(Option 2) Rebuilding the existing Kariba Dam, or（Option 3） Removing the Kariba Dam and replacing it with a series of ten to twenty smaller dams along the Zambezi River.There are two main requirements for this problem：Requirement 1 ZRA management requires a brief assessment of the threeoptions listed， with sufficient detail to provide an overview of potential costs and benefits associated with each option. This requirement should not exceed twopages in length， and must be provided in addition to your main report.Requirement 2 Provide a detailed analysis of Option （3) — removing the KaribaDam and replacing it with a series of ten to twenty smaller dams along theZambezi river。
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A题中文翻译：
问题A：管理赞比西河
赞比西河上的卡里巴水坝是非洲较大的水坝之一。
它的建设是有争议的，南非风险管理研究所的2015年报告包括一个警告，大坝是急需维护。
赞比西河管理局（ZRA）可提供若干选择，以解决这一问题。
ZRA特别感兴趣的有三个选项：
（选项1）修复现有的Kariba水坝（选项2）重建现有的Kariba水坝，或（选项3）拆除Kariba 水坝，并更换为沿赞比西河的一系列十到二十个较小的水坝。
这个问题有两个主要要求：
要求1 ZRA管理要求对所列出的三个选项进行简要评估，并提供足够的详细信息，以提供与每个选项相关的潜在成本和收益的概述。
此要求的长度不应超过两页，除了主要报告之外，还必须提供此页面。
要求2对选项（3）进行详细分析- 删除Kariba水坝，并用赞比西河沿岸一系列十至二十个较小的水坝替代。
这个新的水坝系统应该与现有的Kariba水坝具有相同的整体水管理能力，同时为现有的水坝提供与卡里巴湖相同或更高水平的保护和水管理选择。
您的分析必须支持关于沿赞比西河新坝的数量和位置的建议。
在您的要求2报告中，您应该包括一个策略，用于调节通过您的新多坝系统的水流，从而在安全和成本之间提供合理的平衡。
除了解决已知或预测的正常水循环，您的战略应为ZRA 经理提供指导，解释和证明应当采取的行动，以正确处理应急水流情况（即洪水和/或长期低水位状况）。
您的策略应为从最大预期排放到最小预期排放的极端水流提供具体指导。
最后，您的建议战略应包括解决对赞比西河不同地区暴露于极端条件最有害影响的位置和时间长度的任何限制的信息。
您的MCM提交应包括三个要素：标准的1页MCM摘要表，1-2页简要评估报告（要求1）和您的主要MCM解决方案（要求2）不超过20页，最多提交23页面。
注意：您加入的任何附录或参考页面不会计入23页的上限。