语音学和音位学 练习题
语言学第三章习题(含答案)
第三章语音和音系一、填空题1.语音的自然属性包括物理属性、生理属性和心理属性。
2.任何声音都具有音高、音强、音长和音质（音色）四个要素。
3.引起音质不同的三个要素是：发音体、发音方法和共鸣器。
4.国际音标遵守音素和音标一个对应一个的原则。
5.从辅音音位来说，汉语有 22 个，英语有 28 个，俄语有35个，法语有20个。
6.常见的语流音变现象主要有同化、异化、弱化、脱落四种。
例如汉语的“豆腐”，实际音质是【toufu】，但人们说话时常说成【touf】，这种现象是脱落。
7.音位变体分为条件变体、自由变体两种。
8.语音的发音、传递、感知三个环节，分别对应于语音的生理、物理、心理三个方面的属性。
9.在发音器官中，唇、舌头、软腭、小舌、声带是能够活动的，叫做主动发音器官；上齿、齿龈、硬腭等是不能活动的，叫做被动发音器官。
10.根据发音特点，音素可以分为元音和辅音两类，例如汉语音节中的声母，主要就是由辅音充当的。
11.每个元音的音质是由舌位高低、舌位前后、圆唇与否三个方面的音素决定的。
12.辅音的发音特点主要是由发音部位、发音方法两个方面决定的。
13.以音素为材料进行分析的音位是音质音位，具有区别意义作用的音高、音重、音长这类音位叫做非音质音位。
14.汉语的音节一般可以分为声母、韵母、声调三部分，其中韵母又分为韵头、韵腹、韵尾三部分。
15.汉语的调位可以分为阴平、阳平、上声、去声四类，其调值分别是55 、 35 、 214 、 51 。
二、判断题1.语音的最小单位是音节。
（×）2．男子声音和女子声音的差别主要是音长不同。
（×）3．儿童的声音和成人的声音的差别主要是音长不同。
（×）4．发音时，声带是否振动、气流是否强，都能形成不同的音素。
（×）5．肺是人类发音的动力站，声带是发音体。
（√）6．口腔中最为灵活的发音器官是上齿。
（×）7．元音发音时，声带不一定振动，辅音发音时，声带一定要振动。
语音课考试题目及答案
语音课考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 语音学是研究什么的科学？A. 语言的物理属性B. 语言的生理属性C. 语言的感知属性D. 语言的社会属性答案：A2. 以下哪个不是元音的特点？A. 气流在口腔内不受阻碍B. 发音时声带振动C. 发音时声道完全开放D. 发音时气流在口腔内受到阻碍答案：D3. 辅音的发音特点是？A. 气流在口腔内不受阻碍B. 发音时声带振动C. 发音时声道完全开放D. 发音时气流在口腔内受到阻碍答案：D4. 以下哪个音素是浊音？A. /p/B. /t/C. /k/D. /b/答案：D5. 以下哪个音素是清音？A. /b/B. /d/C. /g/答案：D6. 以下哪个音素是鼻音？A. /m/B. /n/C. /ŋ/D. 所有以上答案：D7. 以下哪个音素是塞音？A. /s/B. /z/C. /p/D. /f/答案：C8. 以下哪个音素是擦音？B. /v/C. /s/D. /ʃ/答案：C9. 以下哪个音素是塞擦音？A. /t/B. /d/C. /ʧ/D. /ʤ/答案：C10. 以下哪个音素是近音？A. /l/B. /r/C. /w/D. /j/答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 语音学中，________是指声音的高低，由声带的振动频率决定。
答案：音高2. 语音学中，________是指声音的强弱，由声波的振幅决定。
答案：音强3. 语音学中，________是指声音的长短，由声波的持续时间决定。
答案：音长4. 语音学中，________是指声音的清晰度，由声波的频率分布决定。
答案：音质5. 元音的发音特点是气流在口腔内________。
答案：不受阻碍6. 辅音的发音特点是气流在口腔内________。
答案：受到阻碍7. 浊音是指发音时________振动的声音。
答案：声带8. 清音是指发音时________不振动的声音。
答案：声带9. 鼻音是指气流从________流出的声音。
语音练习题——精选推荐
语⾳练习题第⼀章语⾳练习题第⼀节语⾳概说⼀、填空：1、语⾳具有三个⽅⾯的性质，即__________、__________、__________。
其中________是语⾳的本质属性。
2、语⾳同其他声⾳⼀样，具有________、_______、_______、_______四个要素。
3、⾳⾊不同⼤体是由三个条件决定的，即__________不同，__________不同，_________不同。
4、普通话的辅⾳⼤多是_______辅⾳，只有m、n、ng、l、r是______辅⾳。
5、普通话辅⾳的发⾳⽅法复杂，除有________和________之分，还有_________和__________之别。
6、传统⾳韵学把汉字字⾳分为________、________、________三个部分，叫做⾳节的三要素。
7、《汉语拼⾳⽅案》是给汉字________和拼写________的⽅案，其内容包括________、________、________、________、________五个部分。
⼆、单项选择：1、⼀个熟⼈在隔壁说话，根据________能辨别出是张三还是李四在说话。
A、⾳⾼B、⾳长C、⾳⾊D、⾳强2、医院的墙壁上常见“请低点声⾳”的标语，这是指________。
A、⾳⾊B、⾳强C、⾳长D、⾳⾼3、同是⼥⾼⾳歌唱家，我们能根据________分辨出“民族唱法”和“美声唱法”。
A、不同的发⾳体B、不同的发⾳⽅法C、不同形状的共鸣器D、不同的发⾳⽅法、不同的共鸣器形状4、yào dà lìtuī gu?ng p? tōng huà这8个⾳节中⼀共有________。
A、10个元⾳10个辅⾳B、12个元⾳9个辅⾳C、11个元⾳10个辅⾳D、13个元⾳9个辅⾳5、shēng mìng zài yú yùn dòng 这6个⾳节中⼀共有________。
音位学训练题
I.Fill in the Blanks or Multiple Choice:1. From the _phonological_____ point of view, the clear [l] and the dark[ł] are fundamentally the same, since they have one and the same function in communication.2.Delete a [g] when it occurs before a final __nasal consonant_______.3. When pitch, stress and sound lenghth are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as intonation__.4. Clear [l] and dark [ł] are allophones of the same one phoneme /l/. They never take the same position in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in __complementary____ distribution.5. Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called __sequential__ rules.II. Explain the following terms:1.phonemic contrast: Phonetically similar sounds ,but different ordistinctive phonemes are in phonemic contrast.2. minimal pair : When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same position in the strings, the two sound combinations are said to form a minimal pair.3. sequential rules : The rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language.4. phone : A phone is a phonetic unit or segment.5.suprasegmental features: The phonemic features that occur above thelevel of the segments are called suprasegmental features.III. Do the followings:1.How do phonetics and phonology differ in their focus of study? Answer:Phonetics is of a general nature,it is interested in all the speech sounds used in all human languages.Phonology aims to discover how speech sounds in a language form patterns and how these sounds are used to convey meaning in linguistic communication.Though both dealing with speech sounds,phonetics and phonology differ in their focus of study in that the former focuses on the speech sounds themselves,their ways of pronunciation,their differences,their classifications,etc.,while the latter focuses on the sound system of particular languages and the role sounds play in conveying meaning.Therefore,a phoneticianwill be more interested in the difference between two sounds.2.How is phone different from a phoneme? How are allophones relatedto a phoneme?Answer:A phone is a phonetic unit or segment.The speech sounds we hear and produce during linguistic communication are all phones.A phoneme is a phonological unit,it is a unit that is of distinctive value.It is an abstract unit.It is not particular sound,but rather itis represented or realized by a certain phone in a certain phonetic context.Allophones are the different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments.A phone is simply a speech sound,every actual sound we use or hear in meaningful linguistic communication.For example,in pronouncing the two words“feel”and“leaf”,we actually use or hear fourphones:[f][i:][l]and[~l].A phone differs from a phoneme in that the former is an actual sound we hear and it is the unit of study in phonetics,and the latter is not an audible sound,but an abstract entity,a collection of phonetic features,used as a unit of study in phonology.Take the“feel”and“leaf”example again.While four phones are used or heard in the pronunciation of these two words, only three phonemes are involved,i.e./f//i:/and/l/.A phoneme, though as an abstract entity,is realized as different phones in different phonetic contexts.All these different phones are called the allophones of the same one phoneme.For example,the aspirated [pʰ]and the unaspirated[p]are allophones of the same phoneme/p/.3.How do the major suprasegmental features of English function inconveying meaning?Answer:Suprasegmental features refer to those phonological features occurring above the sound segment level.The major Suprasegmentalfeatures in English are stress and intonation.The shift of word stress may change the part of speech of words of the same spelling, such as“'progress n.”and“pro'gress v.”,and different stress may cause difference in the meaning of some compound nouns and noun phrases with the same components,such as“'hotdog”and “hot'dog”.Stressing words that are normally unstressed in a sentence may convey some extra meaning by the speaker.For example,by stressing the pronoun“my”in the sentence“He is driving'my car”the speaker is emphasizing the fact that the car he is driving is no one else`s but the speaker`s.The three often-used intonations in English are the falling tone,the rising tone,and the fall-rise tone.The basic role they each play is that the falling tone states a fact,the rising tone raises a question,and the fall-raise tone implies some meaning not literally expressed.For example,the same sentence“That`s not the book he wants”said in the three different intonations convey three different meanings.4.Please use Sequential Rules to explain the combination of the threeconsonants in the following words: spring[sprŋ], strict[strikt], square[skwɛə], scream[skri:m].Answer:Sequential rules refer to the ways the phonemes can be combined. Sequential rules regulate which phonemes can begin a word,end aword,and follow each other.They are rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language.For example,if a word begins with a[l]or a[r],then the next sound must be a vowel.That is why[lbik][lkbi]are impossible combinations in English.They have violated the restrictions on the sequencing of phonemes.For example,why“klib”is a permissible combination of the four sounds in English and why“kbli”is not can only be accounted for by a sequential rule.spring[sprŋ], strict[strikt], square[skwɛə], scream[skri:m] follow three rules:1.The first phoneme must be /s/.2.The second phoneme must be /p/,/t/,/k/.3.The third phoneme must be /l/./r/,/w/.5.Please use Assimilation Rule to explain the following phenomenon:the negative forms of plausible, legal, regular are impossible, illegal and irregular.Answer:The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by“copying”a feature of a sequential phoneme,thus making the two phones similar.For example,the[i:]sound is nasalized in words like bean, green,team,and scream.This is because in all these sound combinations the[i:]sound is followed by a nasal[n]or[m]Forexample,the actual pronunciation of the letter“n”in the word “incorrect”is not the alveolar[n]but the velar nasal[ŋ]is a manifestation of the assimilation rule at work..The sound assimilation is actually reflected in the spelling in most cases. Instead of inpossible, the negative form of possible is impossible, as the [n] sound is assimilated to [m].For the same reason, the negative forms of plausible, legal, regular are implausible, illegal, and irregular.。
语音与音位练习
Chapter 2 Speech Sounds (Phonetics and phonology)I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and choose the letter A, B, C or D.1. The pharynx refers to the space of cavity between the larynx and the end of .A. tongueB. hard palateC. soft palateD. vocal cords2. The vowel [u:] in [fu:d] (food ) is a (an) vowel.A. backB. frontC. unroundedD. central3. is formed by a narrowing of the air passage at some point so that the air in escaping makes a kind of hissing sound.A. A plosiveB. A fricativeC. An affricateD. A lateral4. The vowel [i:] in [fi:d] (feed) is a (an) vowel.A. close front unroundedB. close back unroundedC. open front roundedD. close front rounded5. Of all the speech organs, the is/are the most flexible.A. mouthB. lipsC. tongueD. vocal cords6. sounds are produced by a radical constriction at some point in the vocaltract.A. ConsonantalB. V owelC. ContinuantD. V oiceless7. The sound “s” and “z” are the result of air escaping under frication between thetongue and before passing through the teeth.A. hard palateB. uvulaC. alveolar ridgeD. soft palate8. V owels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called --- vowels.A. openB. frontC. centralD. close9. The vowel [i:] in [fi:d] and [u:] in [fu:d] are both vowels.A. openB. closeC. roundedD. unrounded10. Palatal semi-vowel refers to the sound .A. [n]B. [h]C. [w]D. [j]11. The opening between the vocal cords is sometimes referred to as .A. glottisB. vocal cavityC. pharynxD. uvula12. A phoneme is a group of similar sounds called .A. minimal pairsB. allomorphsC. phonesD. allophones13. is a combination of a plosive and a fricative.A. A stopB. A palatalC. A rollD. An affricate14. A sound pronounced with the vocal cords vibrating is said to be a sound.A. resonantB. voicelessC. voicingD. consonant15. Conventionally a (an) is put in slashes.A. allophoneB. phonemeC. phoneD. morpheme16.Of the following sound combinations, only is permissible according tothe sequential rules in English.A. kiblB. bkilC. ilkbD. ilbk17. All the back vowels in English are pronounced with rounded-lips. i. e. rounded,EXCEPT .A. [a:]B. [u:]C. [כ:]D. [u]18. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the followingphonetic features: .A. viewless, bilabial, stopB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced, bilabial, stopD. voiced, labiodental, fricativeII. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.1. Of the three branches of phonetics, the longest established, and until recently themost highly developed, is a phonetics.2. The four sounds [p],[b], [m] and [w] have one feature in common, i.e., they are allb .3. In English there is a number of d , which are produced by movingfrom one vowel position to another through intervening positions.4. The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phoneticenvironments are called the a of that phoneme.5. Obstruction between the back of the tongue and the v area results in the pronunciation of [k] and [g].6. A vowel is a voiced sound in forming which the air issues in a continuous stream through the p and mouth, there being no audible friction.7. Conventionally a phoneme is put in slashes, and phones are placed withins brackets.8. The basic unit in phonology is called p ; it is a unit that is of distinctive value.9. P is defined as the study of the phonic medium of language.10. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are calleds features; these are the phonological properties of such units as the syllable, the word, and the sentence.11. When the v is raised, the air cannot escape through the nose and thesound [m], [n], and [η] cannot be made.12. Clear [1] and dark [1] are allophones of the same one phoneme [1]. They nevertake the same position in sound combinations, thus they are said to be inc distribution.13. An essential difference between consonants and vowels is whether the air comingup from the lungs meets with any o when a sound is produced.14. Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular languageare called s rules.III. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. ( ) 1. If a word begins with a [l] or a [r], then the next sound must be a vowel. ( ) 2.V oicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning in both Chinese and English.( ) 3.The consonant sound [p]is described as voiceless alveolar stop.( ) 4. Palatals are sounds articulated by the back of the tongue against the soft palate.( ) 5. If the vocal cords of the larynx are made to vibrate, the accompanying sounds are called voiceless consonants.( ) 6. Phonology provides the means for describing speech sounds.( ) 7. The three voiceless stops [p] [t] [k] are aspirated when preceded by [s] and followed by a vowel.( ) 8. The consonant sound [f] is a voiceless labiodental affricate.( ) 9. When the soft palate is lowered, the air cannot escape through the nose and the nasal sound cannot be made.( ) 10.The stress of a compound always falls on the first element, while the second element receives secondary stress.( ) 11. A sound made with the glottis wide open is called a voiced sound.( ) 12. The [p] sound in “peak” and “speak” is an unas pirated [p].( ) 13. The affricates [t⎰] and [dЗ] can be followed by another sibilant.( ) 14.We use clear [l] before a vowel, such as loaf, and dark[l] at the end of a word after a vowel or before a consonant, such as tell, quilt.( ) 15. English is a tone language.( ) 16. The vowel [u:] in [fu: d] is an open back rounded vowel.( ) 17. In English, long vowels are also tense vowels because when we pronouncea long vowel such as [i:], the larynx is in a state of tension.( ) 18.A general difference between phonetics and phonology is that phonetics is focused on the production of speech sounds while phonology is moreconcerned with how speech sounds distinguish meaning.( ) 19.In classifying the English consonants and vowels, the same criteria can be applied.。
语音学理论测试题
语音学理论测试题一、概述语音学是研究语音及其使用的学科，其理论系统包括声音的产生、传播和接受等方面。
本文将对语音学理论进行测试，旨在检验读者对于语音学的了解程度。
以下为语音学理论测试题：二、测试题1. 什么是音素？2. 请解释音位与音位对的概念。
3. 什么是语音的音量？4. 请解释国际音标的作用与特点。
5. 请说明清音与浊音的区别。
6. 简要介绍元音与辅音的区别。
7. 请描述声调在语音中的作用。
8. 什么是音节？9. 请解释共振峰的概念。
10. 请解释元音形成的三个重要条件。
11. 什么是连读？请举例说明。
12. 请简述摩擦音的产生机制。
13. 请说明辅音的发音方式与特点。
14. 请描述喉音的发音机制。
15. 什么是语音语调？请举例说明不同语音语调的特点。
16. 请解释韵律的概念。
17. 请说明鼻音的发音方式与特点。
18. 请解释辅音的音色。
19. 请简要介绍语音学在语言教学中的应用。
20. 请介绍语音学研究的主要方法。
三、答案解析1. 音素是语言中具有区别意义的最小语音单位。
2. 音位是语言中用于构建词汇和句子的基本音素单位，音位对是指在某一语言中能够区别词义的两个音位。
3. 语音的音量指的是声音的强度或响度，是描述声音强弱的属性。
4. 国际音标是一套用于表示世界上各种语言音素的国际通用符号系统，其作用是记录语音的发音方式，特点是精确、全面。
5. 清音与浊音是辅音的基本特征，清音是指发音时声带不振动的辅音，浊音则相反。
6. 元音是发音时口腔呈开放状态，气流顺畅通过的音。
辅音则是发音时口腔存在较多阻塞，气流只能通过狭窄通道的音。
7. 声调是语言中用来区别词义的音调特征，通过对音高的变化来表达不同的意义。
8. 音节是构成词汇的基本单位，由一个或多个音素组成。
9. 共振峰是发音过程中，由于共振腔体的共振而出现的声音能量集中的频率区域。
10. 元音形成的三个重要条件是受音腔的影响、发声道的通畅和气流的振动。
语音理论测试题及答案
语音理论测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 语音学中，音素是指语言中最小的（）单位。
A. 意义B. 发音C. 语法D. 语义答案：B2. 元音和辅音的主要区别在于发音时（）的开闭。
A. 声带B. 嘴唇C. 声道D. 舌头答案：C3. 以下哪个音素是浊音？（）A. /p/B. /t/C. /k/D. /v/答案：D4. 国际音标中，表示送气音的符号是（）。
A. 'B. "C. .D. :5. 以下哪个音素是双唇音？（）A. /m/B. /n/C. /l/D. /r/答案：A6. 以下哪个音素是鼻音？（）A. /m/B. /p/C. /t/D. /s/答案：A7. 以下哪个音素是擦音？（）A. /b/B. /v/C. /f/D. /z/答案：C8. 以下哪个音素是塞音？（）A. /s/B. /z/C. /p/D. /l/答案：C9. 以下哪个音素是舌侧音？（）B. /r/C. /t/D. /k/答案：A10. 以下哪个音素是半元音？（）A. /w/B. /j/C. /m/D. /n/答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 音素的分类可以根据发音部位和发音方法，其中发音部位包括双唇、唇齿、舌尖、舌面、舌根等。
2. 元音的发音特点是声道完全开放，气流不受阻碍。
3. 辅音的发音特点是声道部分或完全闭合，气流受到阻碍。
4. 清辅音是指发音时声带不振动的辅音。
5. 浊辅音是指发音时声带振动的辅音。
6. 送气音是指发音时气流从肺部送出的辅音。
7. 不送气音是指发音时气流不从肺部送出的辅音。
8. 鼻音是指气流通过鼻腔发出的音。
9. 塞音是指发音时声道完全闭合后突然放开的音。
10. 擦音是指发音时声道部分闭合，气流通过时产生摩擦的音。
三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1. 音素是语言中最小的语音单位。
（√）2. 元音和辅音的区别在于发音时声带是否振动。
（×）3. 浊音和清音的区别在于发音时声带是否振动。
语音课考试题目及答案
语音课考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪个选项不是语音学的研究范畴？A. 音位学B. 词法学C. 发音学D. 声学语音学答案：B2. 语音学中的“音素”指的是什么？A. 语言中最小的意义单位B. 语言中最小的发音单位C. 语言中最小的语法单位D. 语言中最小的书写单位答案：B3. 以下哪个音标表示的是浊音？A. /p/B. /t/C. /k/D. /b/答案：D4. 元音和辅音的主要区别在于：A. 发音时声带是否振动B. 发音时气流是否受阻C. 发音时舌位的高低D. 发音时唇形的圆展答案：A5. 在国际音标中，表示前元音的符号是：A. /i/B. /u/C. /a/D. /e/答案：A6. 下列哪种语言属于声调语言？A. 英语B. 法语C. 汉语D. 德语答案：C7. 以下哪个选项是正确的音节结构？A. CVB. VCC. CVCD. VCV答案：C8. 语音学中，“同位异音”指的是：A. 相同发音位置的两个不同音素B. 相同发音方法的两个不同音素C. 相同发音方式的两个不同音素D. 相同发音效果的两个不同音素答案：D9. 以下哪个选项不是音位变体？A. 自由变体B. 条件变体C. 互补变体D. 语音变体答案：D10. 语音学中，“音位”的概念是由谁提出的？A. 费尔迪南·德·索绪尔B. 诺姆·乔姆斯基C. 列夫·维果茨基D. 丹尼尔·琼斯答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 语音学是研究______和______的科学。
答案：语音的产生、传播和感知2. 音素的分类包括______、______和______。
答案：元音、辅音、半元音3. 声调是指音高在______上的相对变化。
答案：音节4. 辅音的发音特点是气流在口腔或喉部受到______。
答案：阻碍5. 元音的发音特点是声带振动且气流在口腔内______。
答案：不受阻碍6. 音位变体是指在______中，发音相近或相同，但在意义上______的音素。
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第2章语音学和音位学
Phonetics&Phonology
1.phonetics is the study of_______.
A.all the sounds that occur in the world’s languages
B.sppech sounds used by human languages to represent
C.the differernces between sounds used in human languages and sounds in nature
D.how phonological differences can lead to misunderstanding
2./m, n/ are ____.
A.fricatives
B.dentals
C.glides
D.nasals
3./w, j/ belong to ____.
A.fricatives
B. dentals
C. glides
D. nasals
4.Which of the following vowel is the rounded vowel?
A.[i：]
B.[u：]
C.[i]
D.[a：]
5.In the field of phonology, which of the following does NOT belong to the suprasegmental
features?
A.stress
B.tone
C.intonation
D.syllable
6.Classification of vowels are made up of the followings EXCEPT____.
A.the position of the tongue
B.the openness of the mouth
C.The shape of the lip
D.The width of the vowels
7. A sound which is capable of distinguishing one word or one shape of a word from another in a
given language is a______.
A.phoneme
B.allophone
C.phone
D.allomorph
8./p, t, k / are______.
A.fricatives
B. affricates
C. glides
D.stops
9./kuku:/ is a bird’s call. The name of such a bird is CUCKOO which is an example of ______.
nguage universals
B.onomatopoeia
C.teaching grammars
D.morphs
10.The vowel [u:] in [fu:d] (food) is a____ vowel.
A.back
B.front
C.unrounded
D.central
11.In English, there is only one glottal. It is ____.
A.[f]
B.[r]
C.[h]
D.[v]
12.Which of the following sounds is a voiced bilabial stop?
A.[m]
B.[v]
C.[p]
D.[b]
13.The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are
called the ____ of that phoneme.
A.minimal
B.allomorph
C.phones
D.allophones
14.[i:],[i],[e] are all ____ vowels.
A.front
B.central
C.back
D.high
15.Which of the following is a fricative sound?
A.[m]
B. [p]
C. [w]
D. [v]
16. there are ___ nasals in English.
A .one
B. two
C. three
D. four
17. ___ are not a minimal pair in Engliah.
A” sink” and “zinc” B. “fine” and “vine”
C. “bat” and “pat”
D. “teach” and “cheat”
答案：
1-5 ADCBD 6-10 DADBA 11-15 CDDAD 16-17 CD。