派生词

派生词
派生词

派生词

派生法(derivation)是英语主要的构词法。这方法是借前缀或后缀之助,制造出派生词(derivative words),主要有名词、形容词和动词三种。

前缀以否定前缀(negative prefixes)un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, non-, dis-, mis-, mal-等为主,使延伸出来的派生词变成反义词。

Ⅰ名词派生词Balance→imbalance;pleasure→displeasure;management→ mismanagement;efficiency→inefficiency;concern→unconcern ;literacy→illiteracy;resolution→irresolution;interference→noninterference;nutrition→malnutrition.

Ⅱ形容词派生词Accurate→inaccurate;patient→impatient. regular→ irregular;legal→illegal;native→non-native;orderly→ disorderly;common→uncommon.

Ⅲ动词派生词Agree→disagree;judge→misjudge;treat→maltreat;

activate→inactivate;use→ill-use;mobilize→immobilize;manage→mismanage;

quote→unquote.

除了否定前缀之外,其他常用的前缀还有anti-, auto-, bi-, co-, counter-, de-, ex-, inter-, mono-, post, pre-, pro-, re-, sub-, super-, trans-, tri-, ultra-等。

例如:

anti-government(反政府);auto-intoxication(自我迷醉);bilateral(双边的);coexistence(共存);counter-argument (反建议);de-emphasize(不强调);ex-president (前任会长);international(国际间的);monolingual(单语的);post-war (战后的);precaution(预先防备);pro-China(支持中国);re-state(重述);subhuman(低于人类的);superimpose(加在上面);trans-atlantic(横跨大西洋的);triangle(三角);ultra-smart(超能的)。

前面例子证明,加上前缀后的词,虽然意思改变,但词性保持不变。

(en-除外,象able 形容词,enable动词;courage 名词,encourage动词)相反的,加上后缀的词,不但词义有些改变,词性也完全不同。这样一来,动词或形容词加上适当的后缀之后,可以得到名词派生词,

如:

amaze→amazement;kind→kindness.

同样的,名词或动词加上适当的后缀,便可以得到形容词派生词,

如:

commerce→commercial;depend→dependent.

最后,名词或形容词加上动词性的后缀,可以得到动词派生词,加上副词性后缀(仅限-ly),则得到副词派生词,

如:

fright(名词)→frighten(动词);modern(形容词)→ modernize(动词);beauty (名词)→beautify(动词);year(名词)→yearly(副词);quick(形容词)→quickl y (副词)。

合成词

由两个或两个以上的语素(也有称作词素)组成的词叫合成词。现代汉语词汇中,合成词占了绝大多数。合成词中,多数由两个语素构成,两个以上的语素构成的是少数。

组合的基本形式可分为两类:

由词根和词根组合成的称为复合词,如书本、草木、机器等;

由词根和词缀合成的称为派生词,如车子、花儿、阿姨等。

至于组合的格式,则可分为:并列式、偏正式、支配式、陈述式、补充式、名量式等。

有四种:

1.名词+现在分词

peace-loving爱好和平的;freedom-loving 爱好自由的

English-speaking country 说英语的国家

earth-shaking changes翻天覆地的变化

a man-eating society一个吃人的社会

还有

2. 形容词+现在分词

an ordinary-looking little man 相貌平常的人。

easy-going nature 随和的天性

a familiar-sounding name听起来熟悉的名字,

an ill-fitting dress一件不合身的衣服;……

3.副词+现在分词

hard-working 勤劳的

far-reaching 意义深远的

never-ending dispute无休止的辩论,

fast-spreading rumours快速流传的谣言;……

4.名词+过去分词

man-made satellites 人造卫星

the heart-broken news令人心碎的消息

常见的合成词

air conditioner空调机air raid空龚

alarm clock闹钟arms race军备竞赛

assembly line装配线baby-sitter看孩子的人

father-in-law岳父passer-by路人

bank account银行帐户birth control节制生育

blood donor献血者blood pressure血压

book case书柜bookmark书签

brain drain人才流失burglar alarm防盗警报器

bus stop公共汽车站can opener开罐器

car park停车场contact lens隐形眼镜

corporal punishment体罚cotton wool药棉

credit card信用卡death penalty死刑

estate agent地产经纪人fancy dress(ball)化装舞会

generation gap代沟greenhouse effect温室效应

health center医疗中心heart attack心脏病发作

heart failure心国衰竭hire purchase分期付款

income tax所得税labour force劳动力

labour market劳动市场letter-box信箱

mail order邮购定单mineral water矿泉水

mother-tongue母语nail varnish指甲油

news bulletin新闻公报package holiday一缆子度假计划

pen friedn笔友pocket money零用钱

police station警察分局post office邮局

sign language手语soda water苏打水、汽水

sound barrier音障table tennis乒乓球

tea bag袋泡茶tea-table茶几

telephone number电话号码toilet-paper卫生纸

unemployment benefit失业救济金welfare state福利国家

X-ray X光youth hostel青年旅舍

central bank中央银行civil rights公民权力

compact disc激光唱盘current affairs时事

dry cleaning干洗fast food快餐

first-aid急救French fries炸薯条

general knowledge人所共知的事general public公众

higher education高等教育high heels高跟(鞋)

high jump跳高high school中学

human being人human rights人权

industrial relations劳资关系modern languages现代语言

musical instrument乐器natural history自然历史

natural resources自然资源nervous breakdown神经失常

old age老年old hand老手

open air露天open letter公开信

personal computer个人电脑polar bear白熊,北极熊

public sector公营部门remote control遥控

social security社会保险social services社会服务(事业)

social studies社会研究social work(er)社会工作(者)

solar system太阳系stainless steel不锈钢

vocal cord声带yellow pages (电话簿)黄页部分

专业术语

专业术语,指特定领域对一些特定事物的统一的业内称谓。

专业术语在国际惯例中是通用的,专业术语用在各行各业中,比较明显常用的一般在商务学、各门专业技术上。

专业术语也是在专业上交流和名称的的简介用语,例如:在家电维修业,对集成电路称作,IC ,高压包,也称作(行变)运算放大器又称作(运放)添加编辑文件,又称作(加编)中华人民共和国,简称(中国)等等。

专业术语是相对日常用语而言的,一般指的某一行业的专有名称简介,大多数情况

为该领域的专业人士所熟知。

有丝分裂mitosis

减数分裂meiosis

染色体chromosome

四分体bivalent/homologous pair of chromosomes

染色单体chromatid

英语逻辑词汇总

语言学有一个基本的观点,就是英语讲究逻辑,汉语讲究感觉;再有一个说法,叫做英语是形合,汉语是意合。归结起来就是:英语特别讲究逻辑,而且会有鲜明的形式也就是丰富的词汇来表达各种各样的逻辑关系,而不像汉语一样“运用之妙,存乎一心”。

从实战来看,逻辑词也是必备的词汇。因为一句中的逻辑关系如果清楚,可以推断词义,诸如“我很丑,可是……”,后面大致可以想见;同理,句子间的逻辑关系明白,可以推断句义。所以逻辑词,实在是我们的贴心小棉袄。阅读中见到逻辑中,要感觉如同见到了组织与亲人。兹总结如下,并对要点略加解说。基本意义或用法不明者,可查普通词典。

I.时间:since, ever since, from then on, soon after, afterward, until, in the meantime, meanwhile, at the same time, simultaneously

II.列举:对一类事物举出具体的例子。通常表现为前面是复数或者抽象的概念,后面是这个概念中的一个或几个事物。

firstly, secondly…, finally; next, last;for example/instance, such as;some…others…still others;for one thing, for the other

邪说:

一、区分for instance/example和such as. 前者往往是举“事”(做什么或谁做什么),后者是举“物”(什么东西);举事往往与前文用逗号分开,甚至另起一句再排阵势;举物则多结合在一起,当然也可分开。

The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.

31.[A]as to [B]for instance [C]in particular[D]such as

题解:前为复数cases案件, 后为单数trial审判, 后者是对前者的列举,是一个名词短语代表的“物”,故选D。

However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.

28. A. in effect B. as a result C. for example D. in a sense

题解:前为复数activities活动,后为对活动的列举,与前文逗号分开,且为“事”(做什么),故C。

The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors available for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.

20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from

题解:后面“烟味”是前文“紧急信号”之一种,故B。

二、such as有两种用法。Such A as B及A such as B. 如such teachers as Tom,teachers such as Tom,都是对的。

III:让步:though, although, even though/when/if, in spite of, despite, given

邪说:注意几个特殊的词。

一、Though和although一般做“虽然”,引导从句,也就是重心是在主句“但是”上。但有时这两个词都可说成“但是”,反而是意思的核心。

Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people, 50 , believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins.

50. (A) nevertheless (B) therefore (C) moreover (D) meanwhile

题解:空格前后是逗号,说明考的句间关系。本句说的是很多人相信吃得多些比较好,要看前一句来决定是因果还是转折等。前一句说获取足够的维他命对生命来说是重要的,although 过了没有用。如果前面主句是重心,则50该选C,构成因果关系。而根据上下文,其实重心已转移到了although从句,although应该说成“但是”,这样与下句是反的,选A。Though更是另有绝用,让人大跌眼镜。

In fact,5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it.

5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore

题解:首先要知道,两个逗号之间的连接副词,表示的是与前一句之间的关系。由上文可知是转折,此处似乎只有though能担此任,而它恰恰可以胜似无碍。它还可以放在一句的最后,同样表示转折。

二、given看起来是个过去分词,但叛变了,多作介词用,given that还可跟从句,所表示的逻辑关系,可顺可反,顺的请看下面“因果”中的表现,此处单表反的,即相当于“虽然有”。Given all the disadvantages, he managed to win. 虽有各种不利,他还是争取到成功。

IV.转折:

but, however, yet;nevertheless, nonetheless;instead, instead of;not…but, rather than;fortunately, unfortunately;in fact

邪说:

一、区分instead, instead of. Instead of是介词性,后面跟名词构成介宾短语,大致可说成“不是”,暗示着后面是“而是”。

Instead of Mary, who looks great, he chose Helen, she feels good. 他不是选择的看起来好的玛丽,而选择了感觉好的海伦。

Instead则是一个连接副词,表示两句间关系。

He didn’t choose Mary. Instead, he choose Helen. 他没有选择玛丽。相反,他选择了海伦。二、in fact 事实上,暗含的意思是要对一些主观的也就是非事实性的猜测进行澄清。

You may assume that I am rich. In fact, I have anything but money. 你可能认为我有钱。事实上,俺都有就是没钱。

V.对照:

conversely, on the contrary, by/in contrast, on the other hand;while/when/as/whereas;some…others…still others

邪说:

Conversly, on the contrary, by/in contrast,on the other hand多用于连接独立的句子,表示对照。While, when, as, whereas则用于句内,两个分句间的对照,用法各有千秋。

Whereas是正宗经典,全心全意表对照,用法也标准:引导一个完整的句子。

只有While引导的句子可以省略成短语形式。

We are trying our best, whereas they are wasting time. 我们正竭尽所能,他们却在浪费时间。We are not to ask much while doing little. 我们不该要求多却做得少。

Many others, __14__ not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday survival skills need to turn their lives around.

14. [A]when [B]once [C]while [D]whereas

题解:此短语与主句形成相反关系,但只是一个短语,不能用D引导,故C。Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.

9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas

题解:前后相反,且是完整句,选D。理论上似乎A也有希望,谁叫它不是嫡系,是本来表时间,起义过来的呢。

VI.因果:

because, for, as, since, now that, in that;due to, owing to, thanks to;therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently as, as a result;derive/stem/result from, result in;cause, lead to, give rise/birth to, bring about, account for, be responsible for, contribute to;in (the )light of, in view of, by virtue of;owe…to.., attribute… to, ascribe…to…;given, considering

邪说:because, for, as, since, now that, in that是连词,也就是后面跟一个完整的句子;due to, owing to, thanks to都是介词性短语,后面跟名词性成分;therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently as, as a result为连接副词,常用于句子之间表示因果关系;derive/stem/result from 是动词短语,from后跟原因; result in后跟结果。cause, lead to, grive rise/birth to, bring about, account for, be responsible for, contribute to也是动词短语,都是前因后果,说成“导致/造成”等;in (the )light of, in view of, by virtue of是三个特殊的介词性短语,因为字面义与因果关系似乎少有关联,需特别记忆;owe…to.., attribute… to, ascribe…to…是追索原因的动词短语,相当于“将……归因于……”;given, considering本来是过去分词与现在分词,但发生了基因突变,可用于介词,都可表因果关系,意思是“因为有,考虑到”。当然如上面已述,given 也可表让步关系。

VII.相似:like, likewise, similarly, equally, also, too, as well

VIII.递进:

furthermore, m oreover, what’s more;besides, in addition, additionally;even, indeed, go so far as to

邪说:注意furthermore, moreover, what’s more三个表达法,都包含一个more, 决定其递进的基本义。

重点关注indeed, 因为字面上与暗含转折的in fact相同,逻辑上却大相径庭。

The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s popul ation. __1_ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly cope.

1. [A] Indeed [B] Likewise [C] Therefore [D] Furthermore

题解:两句是递进关系,有A和D入选。Furthermore是讲另外一件事情,indeed是同一件事情程度上升。前面讲无家可归者越来越多,后面说如此多以致政府无法控制,同一事的程度问题,故A。

再看看颇具特色的go so far as to,通过例句来体会。

They are foolish. Some go so far as to earn money by hard work. 他们是傻瓜,有些甚至会用辛

勤劳动来赚钱。

功能词

1定义。功能词又名结构词或虚词,指没有完整词汇意义,但有语法意义或语法功能的词。功能词的数量有限,比较稳定,很少增生,所以又叫封闭词类。

按词的句法功能可把词分为两大类:意义词和功能词。意义词包括名词、实义动词、形容词和副词(少数副词外)。功能词包括代词、数词、冠词、助动词和情态动词,少数副词、介词、连词和感叹词。

2语法作用和特征。(1)作用。功能词词义一般都很弱,个别词甚至没有意义,可以忽略。(2)语法特征。功能词词汇量很小,包括短语在内总数也不超过三百来个(数词除外)。功能词具有稳定性。意义词具有专业性,一些专业词汇其他专业人未必看得懂。而功能词具有普遍性,所有专业都看得懂。应为功能词注重用语句子结构,在各专业之间,句子结构差异很小。结论。当我们了解到功能词的语法特征后,应对功能词和意义词采取不同的学习方法。

忽略功能词的理论基础

在“Semantics”(F.R.Palmer,1981)一书中,Palmer指出从理论上讲,省略功能词是可行的,是不会影响篇章意义的。功能词仅有语法意义,并且这种语法意义是在与其他词以及整个句子的关系中实现的。

科技词汇特点

(1)词汇分类:专业或技术词汇,次技术词汇,非技术词汇

(2)专业或技术词汇

某个专业所特有的词汇,其专业性强,词义狭窄和单一.

次技术词汇

很多专业和学科所共有的词汇,不同专业和学科往往具有不同词义

power: 幂,乘方动力,功率,效率

bus: 公共汽车母线,总线冷凝器

condenser:电容器,补偿机

power plant: 发电厂动力装置

非技术词汇

在普通英语或非专业英语中使用较少,但实际却属于非专业英语的词汇

take in → absorb,

look into → examine,

make good use of → utilize,

find out → discover turn

round → rotate

change →convert

(2) 词汇构成(略,专门一章讲解)

1) 合成法由相互独立的两个或更多的词合成得到新词

名词+名词(n.+n.)→n. : horsepower, bandwidth, power utilization

名词+形容词(n+adj.) →adj.:ice-cold,

名词+副词(n+adv.)→n.,adj.: feedback

形容词+名词(adj+n)→n.,adj.:low-pass, high-speed, short-circuit, newtype

形容词+名词+ed (adj.+n.+ed)→adj.: forward-directed,small-sized

介词+名词(prep.+n.)→adj., n.:bypass, overhead, on-line, overvoltage

2) 派生法通过对词根加上各种前缀或后缀来构成新词

专业英语词汇大部分都是用派生法构成的,

semi-构成的词有230 个以上: semiconductor,semimonthly 等,

thermo-130 个以上:thermo-chemical,thermo-electrical

micro- 300 个以上:

auto- 260 个以上:

3) 词汇缩略只由词汇中的部分字母或由词组中每个词汇的首字母.

节略词,缩略词,首字词和缩写词

电源,电力,功率,电能network-wide

节略词:只取词汇前面几个字母或只由后面词根组成

ad—advertisement;

lab—laboratory

del—delete

di(a) —diameter

缩略词:由词组中某些词的词头字母(有时多于一个)所组成,作为一个词按照正常的规则发音

ROM—read only memory 只读存储器

RAM—random access memory 随机(存取)储存器

Radar—radio detecting and ranging ;雷达

GIS—gas insulated station 气体绝缘变电站

—geography information system 地理信息系统

首字词:与缩略词类似,区别在于每个实词只取第一个字母,且必须逐字母念出ID—identification card 身份证

IP— Internet Protocol, 网际协议

LED—light emitting diode 发光二极管

缩写词:并不一定由某个词组的首字母组成.有些缩写词仅由一个单词变化而来,且大多数缩写词每个字母后都附有一个句点.

app.—appendix

fig.—figure

sq.—square msg.—message

amp.—amplifier 附录; 图; 平方; 信息; 放大器;

混合法:由两个词汇的第一个词汇的前面几个字母和第二个词汇的后面几个字母结混合法由两个词汇的第一个词汇的前面几个字母和第二个词汇的后面几个字母结合在一起构成. 合在一起构成.

英语派生词归纳73088

派生词(d e r i v a t i o n) 加前缀: happy --- un happy 加后缀: develop --- develop ment 既加前缀又加后缀: employ ---un employ ment 常见的否定前缀 anti- 相反,相 互对立加在名词、形容 词、动词前 antiwar反战的antipathy反感antithesis 对立;反论antibacterial 抗菌的antibody 抗体antisocial反社会的 de- 表示"去 掉,变 坏,离 开,变 慢,向下 "等加在名词前deforest砍伐森林devalue降低价值 decode破译detrain下火车degrade降级 ill- 不加在名词、形容词 前虐待ill-treat信息不足的ill-informed 不礼貌的ill-mannered non- 表示” 不,非”加在名词、形容 词、副词或作形容 词的分词上 nonexistent a.不存在的nonsmoking a.不 准吸烟的nonstop a.直达的 表示时间和其他关系的前缀 over- 超过加在动词、名词、形容词前overstudy n.用功过度 overwork n.过度劳累 overact v.表演过火 overdose n.药物过量 overproduction n.生产过 度 overcrowded a.挤满的 ex- 表示"前面的, 前任的" 加在名词前ex-wife前妻 ex-president前任总统 ex- 表示"出,出去" exclude排外expel赶出, 逐出expose暴露exalt 使升高extract抽出,拔 出

英语形容词讲解

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高中英语派生词归纳(附答案)

高考英语派生词归纳[ 参照普通高中英语课程标准词汇表]

二、写出下列单词的名词 1. absent ---- absence 2. accurate ---- accuracy 3. achieve ---- achievement 4. adjust ---- adjustment 5. admit ---- admission 6. affect ---- effect 7. advertise ---- advertisement 9. agent ---- agency 10. analyse ---- analysis 11. apologize ---- apology 12. announce ---- announcement 13. appreciate ---- appreciation 14. argue ---- argument 15. arrange ---- arrangement 16. arrive ---- arrival 17. assess ---- assessment 18. associate ---- association 19. assume ---- assumption 20. bleed ---- blood 21. blind ---- blindness 22. build ---- building 23. celebrate ---- celebration 24. behave ---- behavior 25. child ---- childhood 26. choose ---- choice 27. collect ---- collection 28. communicate --- communication 29. conclude ---- conclusion 30. congratulate ---- congratulation 31. connect ---- connection 32. construct ---- construction 33. contain ---- container 34. contribute ---- contribution 35. convenient ---- convenience 36. decide ---- decision 37. decorate ---- decoration 38. defend ---- defendence 39. describe---- description 40. develop ---- description 41. difficult ---- difficulty 42. disabled ---- disability 43. distant ---- distance 44. enter ---- entrance 45. equal ---- equality 46. equip ---- equipment 47. evident ---- evidence 48. examine ---- examination 49. exist ---- existence 50. expect ---- expectation 51. explain ---- explanation 52. express ---- expression 53. greet ---- greeting 54. grow ---- growth 55. fail ---- failure 56. feel ---- feeling 57. hungry ---- hunger 58. imagine ---- imagination 59. ill ---- illness 60. important ---- importance 61. impress ---- impression 62. independent ---- independence 63. inform ---- information 64. instruct ---- instruction 65. intelligent ---- intelligence 66. introduce ---- introduction 67. invite ---- invitation 68. judge ---- judgement 69. laugh ---- laughter 70. lose ---- loss 71. marry ---- marriage 72. mean ---- meaning 73. mix ---- mixture 74. move ---- movement 75. occupy ---- occupation 76. open ---- opening 77. operate ---- operation 78. permit ---- permission 79. pollute ---- pollution 80. press ---- pressure 81. proud ---- pride 82. prepare ---- preparation 83. pronounce ---- pronunciation 84. protect ---- protection 85. punish ---- punishment 86. record ---- recorder(机器)87. require ---- requirement 88. responsible ---- responsibility 89. review---- review 90. reserve ---- reservation 91. secure ---- security 92. shave ---- shaver 93. shop ---- shopping 94. sick ---- sickness 95. spell ---- spelling 96. starve ---- starvation 97. suggest ---- suggestion 98. survive ---- survival 99. tense ---- tension 100. think ---- thought 101. train ---- training 102. treat ---- treatment 103. violent ---- violence lo4. warm ---- warmth 105. weigh ---- weight 106. wise ---- wisdom 107. young ---- youth 108. know ---- knowledge 109. across ---- cross 110. confident ---- confidence 111. appoint ---- appointment 112. slave ---- slavery 113. birth ---- birthplace /birthday 114. social ---- socialism 115. weak ---- weakness 116. sharp ---- sharpener 117. dark ---- darkness 118. long ---- length 三、写出下列单词的形容词 1. centre ---- central 2. challenge ---- challenging 3. change ---- changeable / changeful 4. cheer ---- cheerful 5. cloud ---- cloudy 6. day ---- daily 7. danger ---- dangerous 8. delight ---- delighted 9. disturb ---- disturbing 10. dust ---- dusty 11. east ---- eastern 12. west ---- western 13. south ---- southern 14. north ---- northern 15. energy ---- energetic 16. enjoy ---- enjoyable 17. end ---- endless 18. bear ----unbearable 19. agriculture ----agricultural 20. face ---- facial 21. fantasy ---- fantastic 22. fool ---- foolish 23. forget ---- forgetful 24. gold ---- golden 25. health ---- healthy 26. humor ---- humorous 27. love ---- lovely 28. mistake ---- mistaken 29. nature ---- natural 30. noise ---- noisy 31. pain ---- painful 32. peace ---- peaceful 33. poison ---- poisonous 34. power ---- powerful 35. race ---- racial 36. rain ---- rainy 37. reason ---- reasonable 38. religion ---- religious

英语派生词归纳35736

派生词(derivation ) 加前缀: happy --- un happy 加后缀: develop --- develop ment 既加前缀又加后缀: employ ---un employ ment 常见的否定前缀 unhappy, unnecessary, unexpected, unusual, , 加在形容词或副词前不,未(= not) un- mistake, misfortune,不幸 misunderstanding 误解 加在名词、动词或及其派生词前 表示错、误 mis- discharge,排出 dismiss 解雇 加在名词或动词前表示分离剥夺除去dislike, disbelieve 加在动词前表示相反dishonour,羞辱 加在名词或形容词前表示否定 dis- 相反动作 incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular, inability, 加在形容词或其派生 的名词或副词前 不, 非, 无 in- ,il-im-,ir-uncover, untie, unlock, undress 加在动词前 例 词 用 法 意 义 前 缀 anti- 相反,相互对立 加在名词、形容词、动词前 antiwar 反战的antipathy 反感antithesis 对立;反论antibacterial 抗菌的antibody 抗体 antisocial 反社会的 de- 表示"去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下"等 加在名词前 deforest 砍伐森林devalue 降低价值decode 破译detrain 下火车degrade 降级 ill- 不 加在名词、形容词前 虐待ill-treat 信息不足的ill-informed 不礼貌的ill-mannered non- 表示”不,非” 加在名词、形容词、副词或作形容词的分词上 nonexistent a.不存在的nonsmoking a.不准吸烟的nonstop a.直达的

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高中英语派生词归纳(附答案)

高中英语派生词归纳[ 参照普通高中英语课程标准词汇表]

二、写出下列单词的名词 ~ 1. absent ---- absence 2. accurate ---- accuracy 3. achieve ---- achievement 4. adjust ---- adjustment 5. admit ---- admission 6. affect ---- effect 7. advertise ---- advertisement 8. advise ---- advertisement 9. agent ---- agency 10. analyse ---- analysis 11. apologize ---- apology 12. announce ---- announcement 13. appreciate ---- appreciation 14. argue ---- argument 15. arrange ---- arrangement 16. arrive ---- arrival 17. assess ---- assessment 18. associate ---- association 19. assume ---- assumption 20. bleed ---- blood 21. blind ---- blindness 22. build ---- building ; 23. celebrate ---- celebration 24. behave ---- behavior 25. child ---- childhood 26. choose ---- choice 27. collect ---- collection 28. communicate --- communication 29. conclude ---- conclusion 30. congratulate ---- congratulation 31. connect ---- connection 32. construct ---- construction 33. contain ---- container 34. contribute ---- contribution 35. convenient ---- convenience 36. decide ---- decision 37. decorate ---- decoration 38. defend ---- defendence 39. describe---- description 40. develop ---- description 41. difficult ---- difficulty 42. disabled ---- disability ¥ 43. distant ---- distance 44. enter ---- entrance 45. equal ---- equality 46. equip ---- equipment 47. evident ---- evidence 48. examine ---- examination 49. exist ---- existence 50. expect ---- expectation 51. explain ---- explanation 52. express ---- expression 53. greet ---- greeting 54. grow ---- growth 55. fail ---- failure 56. feel ---- feeling 57. hungry ---- hunger 58. imagine ---- imagination 59. ill ---- illness 60. important ---- importance 61. impress ---- impression 62. independent ---- independence 63. inform ---- information 64. instruct ---- instruction 65. intelligent ---- intelligence ~ 66. introduce ---- introduction 67. invite ---- invitation 68. judge ---- judgement 69. laugh ---- laughter 70. lose ---- loss 71. marry ---- marriage 72. mean ---- meaning 73. mix ---- mixture 74. move ---- movement 75. occupy ---- occupation 76. open ---- opening 77. operate ---- operation 78. permit ---- permission 79. pollute ---- pollution 80. press ---- pressure 81. proud ---- pride 82. prepare ---- preparation 83. pronounce ---- pronunciation 84. protect ---- protection 85. punish ---- punishment 86. record ---- recorder(机器)87. require ---- requirement

形容词讲解

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高中英语派生词归纳(附答案)

高中英语派生词归纳 根据派生词进行语法填空。(动词要密切注意时态、语态、人称和非谓语动词) 1.Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer (discover) of radium. She and her husband had done lots of scientific (science) research before discovery (discover) radium. 2.Thomas Edison is considered one of the greatest inventors (invent) in the history. He had over 1000 inventions (invent) all his life. 3.Einstein is always believed to be one of the greatest scientists (science) in the 20th (20) century. He make great contributions (contribute) to modern science and technology. 4.I hear Liming can run 100 meters in 11 seconds. That’s really unbelievable (believe). 5. Don’t hesitate, John. You must make your own decision (decide) right now. 6. Can you give me a description (describe) of lost bag, sir? I’ll call you if I find it. 7. My English teacher always encourages (courage) us to do more speaking. He asks us not to feel discouraged (courage) even if we sometimes make mistakes. He also says that we should pay special attention to our pronunciation (pronounce) when speaking (speak) English. 8. The Great wall is one of the most famous tour attractions (attract) in China. It attracts (attract) a great number of foreigners (foreign). 9. I haven’t received an invitation (invite) of Liping’s wedding yet. I’m afraid I won’t go to her wedding unless invited (invite). 10. The concert was a great success (succeed). The singers were singing beautifully (beauty), and all the musicians (music) were doing successfully (succeed). 11. The injured passengers were sent to the hospital immediately. But unfortunately (fortune), some of them lost their lives on the way t the hospital. All the people think that the careless (care) driver had heavy responsibility (responsible) for the accident.

形容词及副词讲解及用法

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合不定代词时,须放在其后。 例如,Would you like something hot to drink? 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。 例如,How long is the river?It’s about two hundred metres long. 5.只能作表语的形容词:afraid害怕;alone独自的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;alive活着的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened 害怕的 例如,The man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误) 6.只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的 例如,My elder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder. (误) 7.貌似副词的形容词:lonely独自的;friendly友好的;lively 生动的;lovely可爱的weekly monthly

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(完整版)初中英语派生词归纳大全

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