何韦(语法)过去分词作定语和表语
语法讲解:过去分词作定语和表语(配高二必修5)

2) The United States is a developed country. ) = The United Stated is a country which has developed ______________________ .
注:本句中的过去分词作定语,只表示完成。 本句中的过去分词作定语,只表示完成。 3) Have you noticed the bridge being built there? = Have you noticed the bridge which is being built ______________________ there? 本句中的过去分词作定语, 注:本句中的过去分词作定语,表示被动的 动作正在进行。 动作正在进行。
5. It is believed that if a book is_______, it will surely _______ the reader. A.interested; interest B.interesting; be interested C.interested; be interesting D.interesting; interest
4. After the fight, a caretaker found that
a young man _______ so he telephoned for an ambulance immediately. A.seriously injured B.was injured seriously C.was serious injured D.was seriously injured
4. 听 说 那 位 明 星 死 了 , 人 人 都 很 惊 讶 。 Everybody was shocked ____________to hear the death of the famous film star. .
浅析过去分词作定语和表语

浅析过去分词作定语和表语广东省深圳市宝安中学高中部赵国强 (518101)有关过去分词的用法是英语学习中不可忽视的重要一环,也是高考常考的重点项目。
谓语中,be动词的相应形式+过去分词多表示被动,have的相应形式+过去分词只表示完成,正因为过去分词藉于某种形式可以表示被动语态或已经完成的动作,非谓语动词中的过去分词亦自然具有相应的语态时态特征,定语和表语中的过去分词也不例外。
现结合过去分词作定语和表语时的用法,拟就其主要特点作简要分析。
一、过去分词作定语1、过去分词作定语,常常位于其所修饰的名词前;而过去分词短语作定语时,常常位于其所修饰的名词后,相当于一个定语从句。
You should improve your spoken English.你应该提高英语口语水平。
What’s the lan guage spoken (=that is spoken) in that area ﹖那个地区讲的是什么语言?The book, written (=which was written) in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.这本书是1957年写的,讲述矿工斗争的故事。
The Olympic Games, first played in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.(NMET97)奥运会始创于公元前776年,直到1912年才允许女选手参加。
When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door(=which was pinned to the door)reading, “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”(NMET99)当我到家的时候,看到门上别着一个留言条,上面写着“很遗憾没见到你,过会儿再来。
”2、不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动,而表示完成,如:boiled water=water that has boiled开(过的)水the fallen leaves=the leaves that have fallen落叶a developed country=a country which has developed发达国家3、有些过去分词作定语既表被动,又表完成。
Grammar 过去分词作定语,表语和宾语补足语

spoken English (英语口语);
iced beer (冰冻啤酒);
cooked food (熟食);
fried chips (炸土豆条) 但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表 示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意 义。如: boiled water (开水); fallen leaves (落叶) ; the risen sun (升起的太阳)等。
② 遭遇某种意外情况。 He had his hat blown away on his way home. 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的钱包被偷了。
③ 完成某事 (自己也可能参与)。
I have had all my spelling mistakes
强调动作完成后的状态。
They found all the guests gone when
they woke up.
当他们醒来时, 发现所有的客人都走了。
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法 动词的 -ed 形式可以在“主语+谓语
+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语
补足语。在这一结构中, 动词 -ed 形式
常见的作表语的过去分词有:
amused (愉快的);broken (碎了的); closed (关闭的); astonished (吃惊的); crowded (拥挤的); experienced (有经验的); delighted (高兴的); lost (丢失的); gone (遗失的); disappointed (失望的); worried (担忧的); interested (感兴趣的) tired (疲劳的) pleased (高兴的); satisfied (满意的); surprised (吃惊的); married (已婚的); known (著名的) 等等。
过去分词作定语和表语

• 常见的作表语的过去分词有: • amused (愉快的); connected(连接的); broken(碎了的); closed(关闭的); completed(完成的); astonished(吃惊的); covered(覆盖的); crowded(拥挤的); delighted(高兴的); disappointed(失望的); discouraged(泄气的); dressed ( 穿着的 ) ; drunk(喝醉的);experienced(有经验的) ; gone(遗失的);lost(丢失的); worried(担忧 的); interested(感兴趣的); tired(疲劳的); pleased( 高兴的); satisfied(满意的); surprised(吃惊的); married(已婚的); known(著名的),等等。
• 二、作表语 • 过去分词作表语并无"完成"或"被动"之意, 而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。例如: • He looked worried after reading the letter. 看完信后,他显得很忧虑。 • When we heard of it, we were deeply moved. 当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。 • He seemed quite delighted at the idea. • 听到这个想法,他似乎很高兴。 •
• • • • • • •
• •
7. They had beef and ________ for supper. D. A. smoking fish B. fish smoking C. fish to smoke D. smoked fish B 8. She asked if there is anything ________ for tonight. A. to plan B. planned C. that plans D. planning 9. The Emperor's New Clothes, is an D ________ text. All of us are ________ in it. A. exciting;exciting B. excited;excited C. excited;exciting D. exciting;excited
“过去分词”之作定语、表语、宾补

“过去分词”之作定语、表语、宾补[讲一讲]一、过去分词作定语时,常指已完成的动作且与所修饰词之间为被动关系。
一般来说,如果是单个的过去分词,则放在所修饰词前,若是一个过去分词短语,则放在所修饰词后。
二、过去分词作表语时,往往表示一种状态,而被动语态则表示一个动作。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语时,表示被动或完成,作宾补的过去分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
常见的可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有感官动词,使役动词以及leave, keep, want等。
另外,在with的复合结构中,也可以接过去分词。
如:With his homework finished, Peter went out to play football. 功课做完后,彼得出去踢足球了。
过去分词作宾补的特殊用法:have / get sth. done结构的三种意义:1. 使得某事被做(自己做);2. 让/请别人做某事;3. 遭遇某种情况。
如:Look at your dirty clothes; you’d better get them washed.瞧你那脏衣服,你最好去洗洗。
(自己洗)I will have my long hair cut short tomorrow.我明天要去把我的长头发剪短。
(别人剪)I had my purse stolen on the bus.在公交车上,我的钱包让人给偷了。
(遭遇某种情况)[练一练]I. 翻译下列词组或句子。
1. 一个满意的微笑2. 惊恐的一瞥3. 一副惊讶的表情4. 你应该设法让人听懂你的话。
5. 他在百货大楼让人修好了电视机。
6. 我想让此事立刻得到解决。
II. 下面的补语都应该用过去分词来充当吗?请试试看!1. I’ll have my photo ______ (take) tomorrow.2. I want him ______ (finish) the homework in time.3. With his cell phone ______ (steal), the customer wanted to see the manager.4. The end of the story left me ______ (puzzle).5. I turned around because I heard someone ______ (speak) my hometown dialect. III. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
高中英语语法中过去分词作定语和表语

高中英语语法中过去分词作定语和表语发布时间:2006-10-10 13:41:00 | 信息来源: | 浏览:过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语,在语态上,表被动;在时间上,表示动作已经发生或完成,与它所修饰的名词有逻辑(意义)上的动宾关系。
过去分词作定语时,所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语,过去分词相当于谓语。
过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生,已经完成并具有被动意义。
有时也不表示时间性。
作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来,因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。
例如:He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。
也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况,一般作前置定语,它不表示被动意义,只表示主动意义,强调动作完成。
不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。
例如:fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人the risen sun 升起的太阳注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况:1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
例如:We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。
My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
单个分词也可以作后置定语,用以强调动作。
例如:They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。
2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面,作后置定语,其作用相当于一个定语从句。
例如:The student dressed in white is my daughter.=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时,即使一个单一的分词作形容词用,也要放在被修饰词的后面。
知识点——过去分词做定语和表语PPT课件

过去分词做定语和表语 【知识点解析】
(2)过去分词短语一般做后置定语,即通常放在所修饰的 名词后。它的作用相当于一个定语从句。如: ordinary people exposed to cholera. the river polluted by the dirty water from London 注意:有些单个的过去分词,像left(剩余的 given(所给予 的)concerned(有关的)等,习惯上用作后置定语。如: the money left (剩余的钱) the people concerned 有关人士 the time given 给出的时间
18
谢谢聆听
·学习就是为了达到一定目的而努力去干, 是为一个目标去 战胜各种困难的过程,这个过程会充满压力、痛苦和挫折
Learning Is To Achieve A Certain Goal And Work Hard, Is A Process To Overcome Various Difficulties For A Goal
展中国家
the changed world 已经改变了的
developed countries 发达国
家
falling leaves 正在下落的叶子
a rising sun 正在冉冉升起
的太阳
fallen leaves 落叶
a risen sun 已升起的太阳
过去分词做定语和表语 【知识点解析】
总结:判断如何选择过去分词还是现在分词,应该考 虑动词的词性(及物还是不及物动词),而不要单从 汉语角度考虑。 注意:dress, seat, fix, lose, devote, compare, tire等及物 动词及remain, sit等不及物动词和taste(尝起来), smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),appear(看起来 像),look(看起来)等系动词的用法。如:
过去分词做定语和表语1

Did you go to the party on New Year’s Eve? A. held B. to be holding C. to be held D. being held
The Olympic Games, in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing
The ____ look in her face suggested that she ____ it before. A. surprising, wouldn’t know B. surprised, hadn’t known C. surprising, hadn’t known D. surprised, shouldn’t know
pleased, surprised, astonished, shocked, worried, excited, married, delighted, disappointed, interested, discouraged, tired, amused, astonished, satisfied, puzzled, upset, bored, frightened, scared , confused,frustrated, moved 等。
注意:
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。 分词作表语表示主语的状态,而被动 语态则表示被动的动作。 My glasses are broken. (状态) 我的眼镜碎了。
My glasses were broken by my son. 我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。 (动作)
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e.g.:How I regretted the hours
wasted in the woods!
e.g.: I like this kind of
wcleoathri.ng
clothes
made
of
e.g.:The books written by Mo Yan are popular.
e.hg.u:ndWreed’sllogfoyteoarvsisaitgtoh.e bridge built
She looked w_o_rr_ied.
IHaemw—ainstl_e—or_sets—itnedthinouthghetb. ook. The door remained l_oc_k_ed_.
• •
TThheeystgoortym—isa—erxrcieitdinfigv.eYyoeuaarsreage_xo_c. it_ed
一个受伤的手指 an injured finger 一枚破损的硬币 a broken coin 一支点燃的蜡烛 a lighted candle
注意:过去分词作定语时,有时只有 被动意义。
e.g. : spoken English英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的 不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
• We were __b_o_r_e_d_(bore) at the football V-ginagm作e. 表语修饰物,翻译为“令人感到---”
V-ed 作表语修饰人,翻译为“感到---”P(17)
1. As we joined the big crowd , I got _____ from my friends
Grammar
过去分词的基本特点 :
1.从语态上讲 :过去分词一般表被动 。 2.从时态上讲 :过去分词表示已经完成 的动作 ;
一、过去分词作定语 1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和
完成的意义,常作前置定语。
eg:a lost animal 一只丢失/迷路的动物
a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起来的太阳 the developed countries 发达国家
一个醉鬼 a drunken man 一名退休教师 a retired teacher 一名逃跑的囚犯 an escaped prisoner
2、过去分词短语作后置定语, 表示被动或完成意义。
boiled water 已经烧开的水
the changing world 正在发生变化的世界 the changed world 已经变化了的世界
the rising sun 正在升起的太阳 the risen sun 升起了的太阳
V-ing表动作正在进行, V-ed表动作已经完成
过去分词作? 二 过去分词作表语
Most of the guests invited to the party were her classmates.
结论:以上的短语都带有过去分词, 这些过去分词都是充当定语,而且我 们都可以用定语从句来改写以上短语。
Exercises:把后置定语换成定语从句 1. The girl dressed in red is my sister.
• What he said was _e_n_c_o_u_r_a_g_i_ng (encourage).
• We were __e_n_c_o_u_r_a_g_e_d___ (encourage) at what he said.
• The football game is very _b_o_r_in_g__ (bore).
2. A. separated B. spared
3. C. lost
D. missed
4. 2. Cleaning women in the big cities get _____ by the hour .
5. A. pay
3.This project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only two years.
=This project , designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only two years
=The girl who is dressed in red is my sister. 2. Father beat the son lost in the online games. =Father beat the son who was lost in the on-line games
把定语从句换成后置定语
有的已成为固定搭配 :
be covered with 被……覆盖
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
be caught in the rain 被雨淋
be separated from 从……分离
be interested in
对…感兴趣
be absorbed in
专心致志于…
V-ing 与V-ed 作表语的区别
when you read it.
系动词的分类: 基本形式: be( am, is, are)
“似乎类”:seem, appear, look
“感觉类”:feel, sound, smell, taste “变成类”:become, go, get, grow, fall, turn “仍然类”: remain, continue, stay, keep
4. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.
=The castle, burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.
V-ing 与V-ed 作定语的区别(2) boiling water 正在沸腾的水