the_killers解析
The killers---105
不是被控制，而是不相信。
开始
• 他一直静静地在餐室一角默默地观察杀手 的举动，后来他被艾尔赶到厨房捆了个结 实，嘴里也被塞了毛巾不能出声。 • “他从没让人在嘴里塞过毛巾，这是一个 惊心动魄的体验’’ • 天真无邪的尼克平生第一次碰到了谋杀， 他觉得杀人场面布置得新鲜而有趣，他甚 至表现出了一些兴奋
In their tight overcoats and derby hats they
looked like a vaudeville team.
他们穿着那么包紧的大衣，戴着常礼帽，样子真像 两个耍杂技的。
1、暗示杀手身份 2、营造紧张氛围
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结局
• “我要离开这个市镇了。”尼克说。
• “好”,乔治说,“那倒是一桩好事。” • “我不忍去想,他明知道要被人杀害还在屋 里等待着。太可怕了。” • “得啦, ”乔治说,“你最好不如别去想着 这件事吧。”
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是非
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2.Is Nick's decision to leave town wise? 所以这样看来，尼克既然无法让自己置身 事外，漠不关心又不能使自己坦然接受， 泰然处之，那就只能选择离开了。
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发展
• 当他去通知拳击手安德生这个大阴谋时， “老安德烈森却转过身面对墙壁，一言不 发”，他所表现出来的无动于衷引起了尼 克深深的困惑，接着尼克又为安德烈森提 出两种解决办法，可是他不假思索地拒绝 了，尼克这时内心十分震惊与恐慌。
The killers
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Question1
When Nick offers to go to the police, Anderson says, “That wouldn't do any good.” Is Anderson implying that organized crime controls the Summit police? 当Nick提议说找警察，Anderson说：“那样做 不会有任何好处。” Anderson是在暗示最高警 局被犯罪组织控制了吗？
The Killers
eggs, on the counter. He set down two side dishes of fried potatoes and
closed the wicket into the kitchen.
“The nigger that cooks.”
“Tell him to come in.”
“What’s the idea?”
“Tell him to come in.”
“Where do you think you are?”
“We know damn well where we are,” the man called Max said. “Do we look
wore overcoats too tight for them. They sat leaning forward, their elbows
on the counter.
“Got anything to drink?” Al asked.
“Silver beer, bevo, ginger-ale,” George said.
“That’s the dinner,” George explained. “You can get that at six o’clock.
George looked at the clock on the wall behind the counter.
“It’s five o’clock.”
a good one.”
“Oh, he’s a thinker,” Al said. They went on eating.
选修7 Unit 3 Under the sea
Unit 3 Under the sea Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦1．adj.每年的；按年度计算的n. 年刊；年鉴2．vt. 当场见到；目击n. 目击者；证人；证据3．n. 住所；住宿4．n. 岸；海滨5．vi.& vt. 逃避；逃跑；逃离6．vt. 拖；拉；扯annualwitnessaccommodationshorefleedrag7．adv. 其间；同时8．vt. 催促，极力主张9．vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃10．n. 关系；血缘关系；交往11．n. 目标，靶，受批评的对象12．vi. 映射，反射vt.& vi. 思考13．adj. 纯的；纯洁的14．adj. 意识到的；知道的15．adj. 生动的，鲜明的meantimeurgeabandonrelationshiptargetreflectpureawarevivid16．adj. 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的17．adj. 锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的18．vt.& vi. 恐吓；受惊吓19．adj. 浅的；肤浅的；浅湿的20．n. 养老金；退休金narrowsharpscareshallowpensionⅡ.重点短语扫描1．in the 在此期间；与此同时2．be/become of 对……知道、明白；意识到……3．(be) to death 吓死了4．draw 靠近5．Hold 阻挡6．help (...) 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难7．upside 上下翻转meantimeawarescarednearupoutdown8．Sort 整理；分类；收拾9．at 瞄准10．be to do sth. 正要做某事outaimaboutⅢ.课文原句突破1．The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples，reds，oranges，yellows，blues and greens.[信息提取]be/become aware of意识到，明白，知道。
Unit 3 Old Tom The killer whale 课文讲解语言点
Unit 3 Old Tom The killer whale 课文讲解语 言点
On the afternoon挑I选ar出riv；ed分at类the station, as I was I sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay. We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. It was black and white and fish-shaped. But I knew it wasn't[ʃaɔ:f(irs)h] .
Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay. I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat, showing us the way. A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, circling back to the boat, leading us to the hunt again.
海明威the killers主题
Nick’s kindness, his dream about society and the world.
• From the passage we can know Nick has so
them many questions when faces gangsters. Obviously, he is naive and simple, even he
e
doesn’t feel gangsters are dangerous. He doesn’t know that people can be hired to kill
At last, the author express the novel’s theme with the dialogues followed:
them e
“I’m going out of this town.” Nick said.
“Yes,” said George. “That’s a good thing to do.”
here, he firstly knows the existence of
violence.
B、Nick vs. George
them e
From the passage we can know Nick must be younger than George. George can keep calm, even can talk with gangsters naturally. After the killer’s leaving, he asks Nick to alarm Ole Andreson, but he doesn’t force Nick. It seems George has many experiences about life, he is more mature than Nick, and has totally accepted the situation of the whole society. Maybe we can say, in his opinion, no matter what happens, there is nothing can shock him.
Hemingwaythekillers美国文学课件
• 1928 “A Farewell to Arms” • a tragic story about war and love
• 1933 Winner Take Nothing
• 1940 “For Whom the Bell Tolls” • Spanish civil war also a story about war and
• "Gellhorn's marriage to hemingway lasted five years, ending when Gellhorn left Hemingway, the only of his wives to do so."
Mary Welsh
• "...a stunning blond journalist from Minnesota..."
• (9)In 1961, Hemingway shot himself with gun in his home.
Elizabeth Hadley Richardson
• "Through his literary friends, he met and fell in love with another tall, lovely young woman, Hadley Richardson. She was eight years older than Hemingway..."
• During the WWI, he wanted to join the army but was refused because of his poor eyesight. Then Hemingway came to Italy to work as an ambulance driver. He was seriously wounded in the battlefield. The nightmarish war experience changed his life.
高中英语知识讲解：Unit+3+Under+the+sea+1+Section+Ⅰ —Comprehending含答案
绿海龟是世界上最大的硬壳海龟，体重最重可达204公斤。
目前全世界80多个国家的海岸线上都有它们的踪迹。
现在就让我们一起去探知绿海龟的生活习性吧！Green Sea TurtlesGreen sea turtles are the world’s largest species of hardshelled seaturtle. While most of them weigh about 136 to 181 kilograms, some canbe as heavy as 204 kilograms.These turtles are found nesting along the coastline of more than 80countries, with the largest nesting populations found in Costa Rica and Australia.Green sea turtles spend most of their lives underwater, where they can rest for up to five hours at a time before coming up for air. Green sea turtles are also known to sunbathe(晒日光浴) on land.Unlike most other sea turtles, adult green sea turtles eat a primarily plantbased diet consisting of seaweed and sea grass. Scientists believe these green foods give the sea turtle’s fat its green color. The shell of the green sea turtle is usually a shade of brown or olive.Similar to other sea turtles, green sea turtles migrate long distances between their feeding grounds and their nesting sites, with recorded distances of longer than 2，600 kilometers.Female green sea turtles leave the water in order to lay eggs on the beach and will choose thesame nesting spot as where they were born. A female will dig out a nest and lay about 115 eggs. Then she’ll cove r the eggs with sand and return to the sea. After about two months, the babies will hatch(孵化) from their eggs.The first few years of a green sea turtle’s life are spent floating at sea, where they feed on plankton(浮游生物). As they grow older, the turtles move to waters along the coast where they find sea grass to eat.Adult green sea turtles face many threats, primarily from humans, including injuries from boats, being caught in fishing nets and pollution. Newly hatched sea turtles are also at risk of being hunted by animals such as birds, crabs, and raccoons as they move from their nests out to the sea.Section ⅠWarming Up & Reading—Comprehending重点单词写作词汇1.witness v t.当场见到；目击n. 目击者；证人；证据2.opposite prep. 在……对面adj. 相对的；相反的3.pause v i.& n. 暂停；中止4.teamwork n．协作；配合5.relationship n．关系；血缘关系；交往6.urge v t. 催促；极力主张；驱策7.meantime ad v. 其间；同时拓展词汇8.annual adj.每年的；按年度计算的n．年刊；年鉴→annually ad v.每年；一年一度地9.accommodation n．住所；住宿→accommodate v t.提供住宿10.flee v i.逃避；逃跑v t.逃离→fled(过去式)→fled(过去分词)11.drag v t.拖；拉；扯→dragged(过去分词)→dragging(现在分词)12.depth n．深(度)；深处→deep adj.深的→deepen v．加深13.abandon v t.放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的14.conservation n．保存；保护→conserve v．保存阅读词汇15.anecdote n．轶事；奇闻16.shore n. 岸；海滨17.yell v i. 大叫；呼喊n. 叫声；喊声18.dive v i.& n．跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲19.harpoon n. (捕鲸用的)鱼叉20.shark n. 鲨鱼重点短语1.at the beginning of在……开始时2.hear of/about 听说3.sort out 整理4.ahead of 在……前面5.race after追赶6.in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时7.hold up 举起8.help (...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难重点句型1.It was a time when...那是一个……时期：It was a time when(那是一个……时期) the killer whales, or “killers”as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.2.be about to do sth.正要做某事：This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt(猎鲸行动马上就要开始).3.see sb.being done看到某人正在被……：It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James, and when we approached him, I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom(看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着詹姆斯).ⅠFast-readingSkim the text and answer the following question.The text is mainly about ________．A．the killer whales are easily trainedB．the killer whales can help the whalers catch the huge whalesC．the killer whales kill the whales for their foodD．the killer whales drag the whales under the water答案：BⅡCareful-readingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer.1．What happened to James after he was washed off the boat?A．He got hurt by a shark.B．He was abandoned by the other whalers and felt terrified.C．He dropped his hope and was nearly dying.D．He was held up in the water by Old Tom and rescued.2．Why did George beat the water with his oar?A．To frighten the whales away.B．To call back Old Tom to lead the way.C．To attract the attention of huge whales.D．To send signals to other whales.3．We can infer from the text that ________．A．the killer whales may be trained by the whalersB．the killer whales want to help man catch the whales themselvesC．the killer whales need no training for helping the whalersD．the killer whales want to eat the whales after killing them4．What does the word “it”in the sentence “He let it go and the harpoon hit the spot.”refer to?A．The whale.B．The boat.C．The harpoon. D．The killer.答案：1－4.DBACⅢStudy-readingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1．On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.①本句是一个主从复合句。
英美文学选读--The killers
Hemingway , a famous modern American novelist,won the Nobel prize for literature in 1954 because he had a good mastery of the art of modern narration .As a master of language,he formed his own special telegraphic writing style ,which has caused a great influence in the history of American and European literature.Besides,he was the first one to put up the original "Iceberg Theory".One of the classic short story "the killers" is just the style . Those his works truely described the American "lost generation" after the First World War, revealing the social collapse of the bourgrois civilization.The“Killers" used an objective narrative perspective ,the way outside the focus ,to describe the great harm the attempted murder caused to a teenager Nick . According to the story , it can be divided into three different scenes.In the first scene,the two muderers came to Henry restaurant, attempting to kill the boxer Ole Anderson when he was having his meal .One of the muderers trapped Nick and the black chef Sam in the kitchen.But after a long time ,the boxer did not appear and the muderers left depressed and unhappy.Then came the second scene.Nick anxiously ran to the Hirsch’rooming-house. To everyone’s amazement,lying on the bed , the boxer cared about nothing associated with the muder.Considering that he offendedsomeone,he knew well that escape was useless and would rathersit still waiting for the death peacefully than to stuggle forthe police for help or look for a place to hide himself. Whathe behaved astonished Nick compeletely.Every reader may thinkthat Nick will leave city without hesitation.However,he wentback Henry restaurants and told Sam and George the wholethings.What the two men responsed to the muder brought the theclimax of the story and impressed all the readers.Although the title of the novel is the killers,the mainchracter is not the muderer but the teenager Nick.The writertells us the evil background of that society though Nick’seyes and feelings,which is truly the point of the artical. The passage shaped the figures owning vivid chracter.Fromthe passage ,the conversation about Nick is easy to count .Butwe can easily tell that Nick is a kind and pure teenager . For example,‘Hey,bright boy,’Max said to Nick. ‘you go around on the other side of the counter with your boy friend.’‘What’s your idea ?’Nick asked‘You better go around ,bright boy ,’Al said.Nick went around behind the counter.‘What’s your idea ?’George asked.....‘Tell him to come in ,’‘What’s the idea?’Not familiar with the outside world ,Nick thinks all peopleare good and do not know how to deal with what happened to him.Sohe just asked ‘What’s the idea?’. Besides,it makespreparation for the performance Nick made to all the murder. As for Georage and Sam ,we can get some information from thecoversation .......‘I don’ twant anymore of that, ‘said Sam, the cook, ‘I don’t want any more of that.’Nick stood up. He had never had a towel in his mouth before .‘I don’ t like it,’said the cook, ‘I don’t like any of it at all.’‘You better not have anything to do with it at all,’Sam, the cook, said. ‘You better stay way out of it.’‘Mixing up in this ain’ t going to get you anywhere,’the cook said. ‘You stay out of it .’........From the coversaton ,we can easily come to the conclusionthat Sam is afraid of the evil and try his best to stay awayfrom the underworld .In the world ,the last thing he would dois getting involved in the muder things. When Nick choosed totell Anderson the truth ,Sam turned around right away and leavewithout any hesitation. With comparation,Nick and George’ssense of justice becomes more obvious. Maybe it is caused byhis social stage ,a black chef ,someone owning fewrights.Also ,we can judge that Geroge is a exprienced socialman who had gone though kinds of things and can stay very calmwhen something suddenly happened.For example ,he was the manwho first realized that the two strange men were going to killOle Anderson . But different from Sam ,he choosed to encourageNick to tell Anderson the truth.He behaved more like a wise andbrave man.As for the muderers,we can have a better nderstanding abouttheir chracter though the description below.“He (Al) wore a derby hat and a black overcoat buttoned across the chest. His face was small and white and he had tight lips. He wore a silk muffler and gloves”“He (Max) was about the same size as Al. Their faces were different, but they were dressed like twins. Both wore overcoats too tight for them.From the description about their appearance, killers'image began to form in readers’mind . They wore bowler hats , tautblack coat, and gloves , giving us a domineering , arrogant feeling . people have a ill intent ,scanty ,but vivid impression .‘I'll tell you,’ Max said ‘We' re going to kill a Swede. Do you know a big Swede named Ole Andreson?’‘Yes.’‘He comes here to eat every night, don' t he?’‘Sometimes he comes here.’‘He comes here at six o'clock, don' t he?’‘If he comes.’‘We know all that, bright boy,’Max said. ‘Talk about something else. Ever go to the movies?’‘Once in a while.’‘You ought to go to the movies more. The movies are fine for a bright boy like you.’‘What are you going to kill Ole Andreson for ? What did he ever do to you?’‘He never had a chance to do anything to us. He never even seen us.’‘And he' s only going to see us once,’Al said from the kitchen.‘What are you going to kill him for, then?’George asked.‘We' re killing him for a friend. Just to oblige a friend, bright boy.’‘Shut up,’said Al from the kitchen. ‘You talk too goddamn much.’‘Well, I got to keep bright boy amused. Don' t I bright boy?’‘You talk too damn much,’ Al said.In the conversation ,when it comes to talking about killing,it seems to ba a very common thing in the killers’eyes . He even persuade George to see more muder movies .From that we can see the background at the time. Murder , violence and even death is just everywhere,telling us how cruel the society is. Killers even can be pround of killing innocent people.As for Anderson,there are some detailed descriptions about him.Ole Andreson looked at the wall and did not say anything.‘I don’ t want to know what they were like.’Ole Andreson said. He looked at the wall.Ole Andreson rolled over toward the wall.‘The only thing is, ‘ he said, talking toward the wall, ‘I just can’t make up my mind to go out. I been in here all day.’He looked at the wall.Nick went out. As he shut the door he saw Ole Andreson with all his clothes on, lying on the bed looking at the wall.Though repeated words , actions,we can see that a good manwas compelled to sit still waiting for death with nothing to do ,which is so horrible. Anderson ,the boxer ,is brave and consider his dignity above everything. He would rather to die with his dignity than to struggle with panic.In fact,death is the common theme in many works of Hemingway , such as: the " Snows of Kilimanjaro ", the writer Harry on the high snow-capped mountains in Africa because of the incurable illness waits for the arrival of death ; in " Farewell to arms " , the distraught Henry waited beloved wife Catherine 's death ; in the " waiting for the day ", the little boy was misunderstanding but bravely awaiting the arrival of death.The attitude toward death is worth everyone’s deep thinking.In this novel ,there is another small finger ,Mrs.Bell.The reason for her existence is that she is a member of ordinary people . By dialogue of Mrs.Bell and Nick, the readers can understand that Andresen is an excellent person ,who was not the class of people as Al and Max .A good man in the eyes of ordinary people actually becomes the aim of the killers,from which we can realize the world is totally a mess. That is more convincing .After the analyse of content and chracter of fingers,I’dlike to talk about the writing stytle of this novel.(1)卒章显志：Hemingway always uses this in his novel structure. He does not show us the theme of the artical and what he wants to convey directly but tells stories casually. Until the end ,audiences come to realize the truth of the whole things,the feeling just like drama brings .(2)讽刺，Satire :Hemingway is good at using satire to shape the chracter of people. In the passage, ‘Standing a little further along the bar.You move a little to the left,Max,’ He was like a photograther arranging for a group picture’ it was so ridiculous that killing innocent people is just like the photographer arranging for a group picture . The satire highlights how cruel the killers are by the comparation between the happiness of photography and the sadness of killing .(3)隐喻，MetaphorThe novel is titled as the killers but there are few descriptions about the process of killing,no scene of killing people and no scared scene of killed people. As a matter offact,it uses the simple words to inform us that what the killers really killed is the young heart of Nick .In other words,it tells the lost of humannity. In the famous works ‘The Dream of Red Mansion’，“贾不假，白玉为堂金作马。
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Characters
Al （艾尔） Max（麦克斯） George （乔治） Nick Adam（尼克） Sam （塞姆） Ole Andresn（奥尔· 安德森） killer killer waiter waiter cook prizefighter
“Both men ate with their gloves on” “Max looked into the mirror all the time he was talking” ....... 戴着手套吃饭 ，把厨子和尼克嘴里塞上绑起来，留下乔治 招呼客人,总是看着柜台后面那一排镜子...都说明了他们是 专业的杀手，谨慎小心，处事果断熟练。
Four scenes in the novel
• In the first scene, 2 gangsters harassed Nick and George and caused some amusement. 第一场景主要集中在亨利餐馆，围绕杀手和乔治 的对话展开。
In Scene 2, 2 gangsters controlled George, Nick and Sam, and arranged the crime scene skillfully. But Ole Andreson didn’t appear. So they left. 第二场景在亨利餐馆，杀手控制了乔治，尼克和 赛姆，准备刺杀奥尔，奥尔没有出现，杀手离开。 In Scene 3, after the killers’ leaving, Nick went to tell Ole Andreson about what had happened. But it seemed that Ole Andreson knew all about it. He didn’t take any action and refused Nick’s suggestion. He was waiting to die. 第三场景在赫奇公寓，侧重描述尼克向奥尔报信 以及后者的反应。
快乐的童年,倔强冒险的性格
父亲是著名医生，喜欢狩猎、 运动、钓鱼，一心培养海明威 “男子汉”的兴趣和性格。
母亲是个虔诚的教徒，特别喜 爱音乐和绘画，要培养他成为 循规蹈矩的上流社会的人物。 海明威的童年是在幸福中度过 的。快乐祥和的气氛使海明威 养成了对文学、艺术和体育运 动的热爱，同时安适的生活也 使他性格倔强，喜欢冒险。
代表作
1926年《太阳照常升起》 （The Sun also Rises） 1929年《永别了，武器》 （A Farewell to Arms） 1940年《丧钟为谁而鸣》 （For Whom the Bell Tolls ) 1952年《老人与海》 （The Old Man and the Sea）
Some Characters in the lunchroom
George（乔治）: experienced and calm
George can keep calm, even can talk with gangsters naturally.Faced harass about the dinner menu by those 2 gangsters, he dealt with it peacefully and adeptly。 After the killer’s leaving, he asks Nick to alarm Ole Andreson。 乔治表现出一种处变不惊的镇定，他和杀手冷静的交谈， 说着该说的话，做着该做的事，看不出一丝异样，似乎 已经适应这个社会。
英国作家H.E.贝茨曾经说过“海明威是一 个拿着板斧的人”，他抡起“板斧”“斩 伐了整座森林的冗言赘词，还原了基本枝 干的清爽面目”，把英语文学上的“乱毛 剪了个一干二净”。
Background of society
This short story described the society of 1920s. After World War 1, everything in the society has been out of order, it was filled with violence, death and evil. This situation has influenced a lot of people. 当时的美国，国内阶级矛盾尖锐，社会动荡不 安，到处充满暴力和不安。
Content
The killers tells the story of two professional killers’ waiting at Henry’s lunch-room to kill a boxer named Ole Andreson, But they do not fulfill their task in the end.
In Scene 4, Nick went back to the lunchroom and decided to get out of the town. 第四场景是尼克返回餐馆，并打算离开这 个城市。
Two killers
Al （艾尔）“He wore a derby hat and a black overcoat buttoned across the chest. His face was small and white and he had tight lips. He wore a silk muffler and gloves.” Max（麦克斯）“He was about the same size as Al. Their faces were different, but they were dressed like twins. Both wore overcoats too tight for them.” 从对他们的外表描述读者脑海里浮现出电影画面里常出现 的黑社会的杀人者的形象: 他们戴着圆顶礼帽, 穿着绷得紧 紧的黑大衣, 戴着手套, 给人盛气凌人压迫感。 简短怪异的关于点餐的对话也突出了两人的不同寻常。
“Shut up,” said Al from the kitchen”. “You talk too god-damn much”. “You talk too damn much” ...... 我们还了解了两个杀手各自的性格特点。艾尔谨慎小心， 心狠手辣。麦克斯则性格外露，比较随意，喜欢说话。
Ole Andresn（奥尔· 安德森）
“I don’t want to know what they were like,” Ole Andreson said. He looked at the wall “there isn't anything I can do about it.” “I’m through with all that running around” ......
海明威的作品里的人物大都是推崇实干、不尚空谈的硬汉 子。 小说中安德森就是一个把感情埋在心里，沉默寡言的人， 他代表第一次大战后整个燥动不安的一代人，在嘈杂的社 会中，他知道切努力都是徒劳的，他“已经跑够了”。 他生活孤独，前程绝望，面对着眼前人生的巨大空白，面 对异己的力量，个人的力量竟然是如此的渺小，如此的软 弱，如此的无奈。他意识到无论他怎么努力，最终都将被 打败，这使他产生了一种绝望感，但他还要保持一种绝望 的勇气。正是这种勇气使他面对逆境能够保持男子汉气概， 保持人的尊严，镇定自若地等待死亡的到来。他沉着坚定， 体面从容，一丝一毫也不肯丢弃自己做人的尊严。在他身 上，我们发现了海明威笔下人物特有的素质：尽管因战争 或环境而遭受伤害，行为方式依然保持着体面从容。他们 无畏无怨，宠辱不惊，以其教养和克制，面对无可更改的 逆境，表现了一种坚韧刚毅卓然抗争的气魄。这从另一方 面表现了海明威对死的一贯态度，即人在面对死亡时应保 持尊严与人格也即“重压下的优雅风度”和“人是可以被 摧毁的但却是不可被打败的”
The killers
Ernest Hemingway
欧内斯特· 海明威 Ernest Hemingway
美国作家和记者，被认为是20世 纪最著名的小说家之一，同时也 是继马克吐温后对美国文学语言 影响最大的作家。
出生于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市 郊区的奥克帕克，晚年在爱达荷 州凯彻姆的家中自杀身亡。海明 威一生中的感情错综复杂，先后 结过四次婚，是美国“迷惘的一 代”（Lost Generation）作家中的 代表人物，作品中对人生、世界、 社会都表现出了迷茫和彷徨
战争的洗礼
死亡的恐惧
1918年，海明威虚报年龄参加一 战，在意大利前线当救护队司机。初 次参战就体验到了出生入死的滋味。 1936年西班牙内战时，他以记者 身份奔赴了前线，目睹了战争中的生 生死死。 第二次世界大战中，他又以记者 的身份奔赴于各个战场，在前线的一 次汽车事故中，他的头部受重伤，伤 口共缝了57针。 1949年，他被猎枪的枪塞打伤了 眼睛。 1953年，他去非洲狩猎，遇飞机 坠毁幸免于难。 1961年,在家中用猎枪自杀。
描写拳击手安德森，当餐馆的小伙计尼克找到他并告知有人要杀他时，安 德烈森的反应却并不像我们所预料的那样充满恐惧和愤怒。“奥利・安德 烈森和衣躺在床上。他头枕着两只枕头。他并没有朝尼克看。”他和衣躺 在床上，不看尼克，说明他已经知道有人要杀他，但他只是坐以待毙，不 愿采取任何行动，“这种事情，叫我有什么办法。”“我已经叫人家不高 兴啦，没有什么办法。”他明知道“那不光光是恐吓。”却“不想知道他 们是啥样子”，也不愿去找警察“去了（警察局）也没什么用。”也不打 算逃离这个地方，他只是躺在床上，望着墙壁，冷漠而麻木地等待着，文 中“他望着墙壁”重复了七次，表明他对即将到来的死亡的无奈。
《老人与海》中的圣地亚哥所说：“人生来 就不是为了被打败的。人能够被毁灭，但 是不能够被打败。”明知死亡的可怖，明 知自己面对邪恶的世界根本无法逃脱，但 是却选择勇敢面对，努力保持人格的尊严 而不是逃避。