英语语法填空十四军规

2015高考英语语法填空考点预测新东方在线李辉“Grammar is confusing. Fortunately, LiHui will tell you some wonderful tips which can make easier (for you) (to ”（它们）（什么事儿呢）fortune运气n.mistune不幸n.fortunate幸运的adj.unfortunate不幸的adj.fortunately幸运地；幸运的是adv.unfortunately 不幸地；不幸的是adv.【语法填空十四条军规】一、如果一个句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，就是填谓语动词（考时态/被动/虚拟）JJ __is__ (be) ugly.JJ __is__ (be) ugly but is tender.靠“关系”做语法题！【纯时态的】● A boy on a bike __caught__(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 一般过去=讲故事！●In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __was_(be) unimaginable (that it could ever becleaned up).●(On their return) the father asked his son (to explain) (what he had learnt). The boy, (who had remained silent and deep in thought) (onthe journey home), _replied_ (reply) in a way(that shocked his father). The boy said he wanted to become a farmer.●They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They just __followed___ (follow) orders.●I had to ask for a leave (to take Jack to the hospital) (because he __had cut___ (cut) his finger).过去完成时=过去之前take a chance=take a risk=冒险ask for a leave请假【被动】(1)The new gum can _be removed_ (remove) easily (from pavements, shoes and clothes).(2)But someone must have taken them because they’re _gone_ (go).(3)Her mother was excited．“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane _was informed_ (inform).【虚拟】含义：你说出来的这句话，不是真实的，而是虚拟的！结构：在本来的时态上加一个did.这句话是虚拟出来的！I wish I would go to the moon.[虚拟将来] will go + did =would goI wish I were you.[虚拟现在] am +did + wereI wish I had arrived earlier. [虚拟过去] arrived + did = had arrived.He walked into the classroom proudly as if he _had bought_ (buy) the whole school.Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I _must have put_(put) them in there (when the phone rang).情态动词+have done=描述过去！！！！must have done肯定做了某事吧can’t have done不可能做了某事吧would have done本来会做某事could have done本来能够做某事should have done本应该做某事might have done本来有可能做某事注意：谓语动词=助动词+实义动词（1）will/shall + do（2）have/has/had + done（3）be + doing/done（4）情态动词+ do / have done二、如果一个句子已有谓语动词，且不是并列谓语动词时，所给动词要用非谓语形式，这时要根据句子所缺句子成分和所填单词含义来确定具体的非谓语形式。

主动doing被动done要做、去做to do(未做)__To complete_(complete) the project as followed, we’ll have to work for two more hours per day.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _to stop_(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still, the boy kept _riding_(ride).The new gum adds a special polymer to modify(修改，改变) its properties(特性), __making_ (make) it far __less__ (little) sticky.With the problem _solved_ (solve), I felt proud of my achievement.The headmaster went into the meeting room, _followed_ (follow) by some teachers.注：如果非谓语前面有名词，则这个非谓语是在描述这个名词；如果非谓语前面没有名词，这个非谓语描述主句主语。

Smiling, LiHui walked in. 微笑着，李辉走进来。

The sky waiting for the rain, I非谓语结构真正的句子The sky is waiting for the rain, and I真正的句子and 真正的句子三、如果有第三个动词提示词，可能变为其他词性（名词/动名词/形容词）“判形式，找相关！”介词后面跟名词！！！！！！！！！●While there are ___amazing___(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the ___changes___(change) are gradual andrequire a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.●One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about_being_(be) late for school.●But Jane knew (from past experience) [that her ___choices___ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father].● A new scientific study shows that education can affect our _appearance_ (appear) (more than we have realized).●I’m not afraid of _being caught_ (catch) by the police, because there was no cop anywhere around.catch→catchingbe caught → being caught【练习】例1. The first card _was designed_ (design) (by J.C.Horsley) (as a commercial endeavor).例2. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _closed_ (close) my book and例3. All over the world, people move from place to place. More and more people__leave This _moving_(move) to cities is called urbanization.例4. Smaller cars are just one of the directions (that the car industry is taking). Also the industry _will produce_(produce) cars (that pollute less and have a less harmful effect )(on the environment) (these days). 描述趋势、描述未来例5. Nobody knows (what _would have happened_) (happen) (if she had refused to pay).主过将完，从过完例6. His fear (of failure) kept him (from classroom games) (that other children _were playing_)(play) (with joyous abandon).例7. The happiest (happy) of people don’t necessarily (necessary)have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that _comes__ (come) along their way.完成时+（since+过去时）例9. The international agreement, (intended to encourage children not to smoke and __help__ (help) people kick the habit), __was signed___ (sign) on February 27 last summer.intend的发出者只能是人，所以这里的agreement和intend只能是被动关系，故使用intend的过去分词形式：intended例10. It is not enough only _to memorize_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.例11. You know, __speaking_(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed.动名词作主语例12. __To complete_(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.例13. The young student did all (that he could) _to pass_ (pass) the examinations.例14. Some people say that oldest children, (who are smart and strong-willed), are very likely __to succeed__(success).例15. He saw the stone, _saying_(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”例16. There will be a meeting, _starting_(start) later this year to review the film.例17. …….Lessons (_learned_(learn) in sports) can help us in our dealing with other people.例18. At 9:07pm, Sept.25, The Shenzhou VII spacecraft was lifted by the long March Ⅱ-F carrier rocket into space. The launch of the Shenzhou VII is C hina’s third manned space venture since October 23, when it joined Russia and the United States as the only countries __to have sent__ (send) astronauts into space.注意：名词前有first, second,…last, only修饰时，后面要用to do / to have done 做后置定语。