(英语)高考英语翻译解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

（英语）高考英语翻译解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

一、高中英语翻译

1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)

2．舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate)

3．经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as)

4．演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)

5．她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)

【答案】

1．We enjoyed ourselves this New Year’s Day this year.

2．My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th birthday. 3．After years of / years’ construction, the li ttle town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it

used to be before the earthquake.

4．The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties.

5．No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization.

【解析】

1．根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy oneself

2．根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate 的用法是congratulate sth或者congratulate sb on sth

3．根据“经过多年的建设”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时，as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。

4．根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar的用法是sb be familiar with sth 或者sth be familiar to sb

5．no sooner的句型为no sooner ...than,因为no sooner是否定词，因此no sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。

2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．交友时不要以貌取人。(base)

________________

2．经历了一场大病后,他明白了生命无价。(suffer)

________________

3．2018上海进口博览会展示了创新理念,促进了自由贸易。(meanwhile)

________________

4．不管到哪里旅游,都应该尊重当地的风俗习惯。这样才能成为一名文明的游客。(no matter)

________________

【答案】

1．Don’t j udge a person based on his appearance when making friends.

2．After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.

3．The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.

4．No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.

【解析】

【分析】

考查重点单词句型翻译。

1．短语be based on“以……为基础”，本句为否定祈使句，用when引导时间状语从句，译为Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making frien ds.。

2．Suffer“遭受；忍受；经历”，本句为after引导的状语从句，译为After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.。

3．“上海进口博览会”为“Shanghai International Import Expo”；“创新理念”为“innovative ideas”，故译为The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.。

4．本句为no matter+where引导的状语从句，且主句后用非限定性定语从句修饰，故译为No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.。

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思。(ignore)

_________________________

2．梦想还是要有的，但不努力就不可能实现。(unless)

_________________________

3．正是这次经历才让我明白，我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐。(It)

_________________________

4．当前有一个非常令人费解的现象:一些年轻父母们宁愿把很多钱投资在早教上，也不愿意带娃旅行开阔眼界。(would rather)

_________________________

【答案】

1． The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/ careful consideration/reflection.

2．We still need to dream/have a dream, but it can’t b e realized unless we work hard (on it). 3． It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize (that) I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gifts/blessings that life brings to me.

4． There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons.

【解析】

1．考查ignore的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为The accident，用过去分词短语caused by ignoring the rules作The accident的后置定语。谓语为deserve/be worth后可直接接动名词，此时主动形式表达被动含义，也可直接接名词。故翻译为：The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/ careful consideration/reflection.

2．考查unless的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为but连接的两个句子，且为一般现在时，还涉及unless引导的条件状语从句。重点动词及动词短语为work hard“努力”，realize“实现”。故翻译为：We still need to dream/have a dream, but it can’t be realized unless we work hard (on it).

3．考查强调句式。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式，强调句的时态为一般过去时，强调的是this experience，realize后接that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中出现了too...to句式。错过生活的恩赐为“miss the gifts/blessings”其中gifts/blessings被后面的that引导的定语从句

所修饰，且在定语从句中作宾语。故翻译为：It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize (that) I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gifts/blessings that life brings to me.

4．考查would rather相关用法。分析句子可知，phenomenon后接that引导的同位语从句，同位语从句中涉及到了would rather do sth than do sth的用法。其中两个动词短语为invest much money in/into early education（很多钱投资在早教上）expand their horizons（扩展视野）。故翻译为：There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons.

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦。 (have trouble)

________________________

2．医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍。 (assure)

________________________

3．尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程。(despite)

________________________

4．直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作。(until)

________________________

【答案】

1． The new employee was inexperienced, so (that) he had trouble (in) dealing with the

customer’s complaint(s).

The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

2． The doctor assured the patient that he would be fine as long as he took medicine on time. 3． Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.

4． Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.

He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to accompany the family instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife.

【解析】

1．考查have trouble的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，所以用had trouble (in) doing sth ,句子可以翻译成so /and 连接的并列句或者so that 连接的结果状语从句。也

可翻译为一个简单句。“缺少经验”可以翻译为：was inexperienced，lacked experience，lack of experience。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：1. The new employee was inexperienced, so (that) he had trouble (in) dealing with the customer’s complaint(s).

The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

2．考查assure的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语为assure后接

sb+that宾语从句。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：The doctor assured the patient that he would be fine as long as he took medicine on time.

3．考查despite的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语动词为signed up for, 过去分词短语recommended by his colleague作course的后置定语，despite为介词后接名词his busy/full/tight schedule作宾语。故翻译为：Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.

4．考查until相关的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主句为not…until的用法，realize后接that引导的宾语从句，从句的谓语为should have done“本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。until从句的谓语为be divorced from/wit h sb “与某人离婚”。忙于做某事be obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ be busy with his work置于instead of之后，所以形式为being obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ being busy with his work。再根据其它汉语提示，

故翻译为：He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to accompany the f amily instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife 也可将Not…until 放在句首，引导部分倒装句，故翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.

【点睛】

not until 的倒装句归纳总结

1.当 Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装.其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+.如:

Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才

2.not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+其它成分

根据 not until倒装句的用法，小题4还可翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.符合第一点用法。

5．高中英语翻译题：Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的。（or）

2．事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险。（It）

3．乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆。（create）4．追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。（when）

【答案】

1．Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.

2． It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases. 3．Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories.

4． The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译，用括号所给的词将中文翻译成英文。翻译要注意句子的时态和语法的运用。

1．考查祈使句。祈使句 + and/or，前面的祈使句表示条件，or或and引导的分句表示结果这里表示转折关系，故用or。故答案为Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.

2．考查名词性从句。翻译时句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为从句thatkeeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.，从句翻译时要注意动名词作主语。故答案为It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.

3．考查动词。翻译时注意短语be busy doing忙于做……，时态用一般现在时。故答案为Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories.

4．考查定语从句。先行词为times，在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故答案为The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．即使天气再热，也不要整天待在空调房间里。(stay)

2．一旦一个人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate)

3．直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自己对于该领域的知识是如此的匮乏。(It)

4．他们从没想到年底大桥就要建成通车了，这将使他们的出行更为便利。(occur, make)

【答案】

1．Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.

2．Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.

3．It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field. 4．It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.【解析】

1．考查祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句，同时用even if/even though 引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，故翻译为：Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.

2．考查条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”，而且learn how to think in other people’s position发生在indicate之前，要用现在完成时，indicate用一般现在时，其后为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导，故翻译

为：Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.

3．考查not until的强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用not until的强调句型，其基本结构为：It is not until+被强调部分+that+其余部分，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field. 4．考查固定句式和非限定性定语从句。It occurs to sb. that表示“某人突然想到……”，同时可以使用非限定性定语从句，用which指代整个主句内容并在从句中做主语，故翻译为：It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.

。

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．你为实现年度小目标所作的努力实现了吗？(achieve)

2．我们的行动出于爱，不期望任何回报。(return)

3．并不是每个人都清楚地知道大学毕业生所承担的就业压力。(Not)

4．据说温泉有疗效，所以它们成了人们蜂拥而至的旅游洗浴的地方。(where)

【答案】

1．Have you achieved the efforts you made to realize your little annual goal?

2．We act from love and expect nothing in return.

3．Not everyone is aware of the employment pressure of college graduates.

4．It is said that hot springs have curative effects, so they have become a tourist bathing place where people flock.

【解析】

1．考查时态。根据提示，本句为现在完成时；“努力”effort，“年度小目标”little annual goal，“实现”realize，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句译为：Have you achieved the efforts you made to realize your little annual goal?

2．考查短语。根据提示，本句为一般现在时；“行动出于爱”act from love, “回报”in return，“期待”expect，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句译为：We act from love and expect nothing in return.

3．考查短语。根据提示，本句为一般现在时；“并非人人”not everyone（是三单），“知道”be aware of , “就业压力”pressure of employment，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句译为：Not everyone is aware of the employment pressure of college graduates.

4．考查固定句型和定语从句。根据提示，本句为一般现在时；“据说”it is said that…，“温泉”hot spring，“有效”have effects，“蜂拥而至”flock,“旅游洗浴的地方”做先行词，从句中缺少地点状语用where引导定语从句，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句译为：It is said that hot springs have curative effects, so they have become a tourist bathing place where people flock.

8．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．值得一提的是,这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备。(worth)

2．在新品发布前,老板要求广告公司展开调查来收集潜在客户的信息。(demand)

3．面对着诸多不确定因零,家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件正常的事情。(face) 4．要牢记:只要按部就班实现每个短期目标,我们就可以在科研上取得一个又一个的突破。(Bear)

【答案】

1．It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research

【解析】

【分析】

本本大题考查用所给的词翻译英语句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及所给词的用法，明确考核的要点，选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的语法项目进行恰当的翻译，同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境。此外一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。1．考查固定用法。“Sth. be worth doing worth”为固定用法，意为“某事值得做”。“be equipped with...”为固定搭配，意为“配备有......”。此句中的根据语境可知，因此可用it作形式主语，真正的主语是“这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备”。故本句可译为： It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．考查demand引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。Demand在表示“要求”时，所引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should也可省略。故本句可译为：Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．考查face的用法。“某人面对某事时”可用“sb. face sth.” 或用“sb. be faced with...”。根据语境可知，此句是由when引导的状语从句。故本句可译为：When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．考查固定用法。“Bear ...in mind”为固定用法，意为“把......记住”。根据语境可知，bear

的宾语中含有一个状语从句，“只要按部就班实现每个短期目标”可译为“as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step”，第二句中“取得突破”要运用“make one breakthrough”。故本句可译为：Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research。

9．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．阅读诗歌译本就如同穿着雨衣淋雨，你永远无法感知到水滴的碰撞。(like)

2．为了抹去过往的痛苦回忆，她决定将所有他的信件付之一炬。(wipe)

3．他文科很棒，所以很有机会被他心仪的大学录取。(stand)

4．他的言论使得一件之前无人问津的小事变成了所有人现在都不得不关注的国际事件。(to which)

【答案】

1．Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

4．His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an international event to which everyone now has to pay attention.

【解析】

1．“阅读诗歌译本”用动名词作主语，like意为“像”，是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾

语。故翻译为：Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．表示“为了”，可用“in order to do”或“to do”结构，“抹去”是wipe，“决定做某事”是decide to do。故翻译为：In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．表示“很棒”，可用“stand out”。“被……录取”可用“be admitted to”表示。定语从句用he wants表示。故翻译为：He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

4．表示“使……转变成……”，可用turn…into…。表示“关注”，可用pay attention to。用定语从句来修饰a small matter 和an international event。故答案为His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an international event to which everyone now has to pay attention.

10．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．这些保存完好的历史建筑可以追溯到16世纪60年代。 (date)

2．John难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。 (Seldom)

3．基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。 (bring)

4．近年来医患关系成为了社会热点，解除病人痛苦正是医生职责，病人也应充分信任与理解医生。 (relieve)

【答案】

1．These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2．Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.

3．Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4．Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ p ain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.

【解析】

1．考查date back to的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组date back to“追溯到”，该词组没有被动语态，常使用一般现在时。故译为：These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2．考查seldom引导倒装句的用法。seldom位于句首时，后面需要部分倒装；根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时和过去将来时。故译为：Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.

3．考查bring about的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组bring about“带来”，句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为：Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4．考查relieve的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用动词relieve“解除”的动名词词组

做主语，句子使用现在完成时和一般现在时，故译为：Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but r elieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.