专业术语缩写说明

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英语专业术语缩写

NAFTA 北美自由贸易区= North American Free Trade Agreement of Canada, Mexico and the U.S.EFTA/AFTA 欧洲自由贸易区/东盟自由贸易区APEC 亚太经济合作组织=Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationASEAN 东南亚国家联盟=Association of South East Asian NationsNATO 北大西洋公约组织=North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationInternational Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织European Free Trade Association 欧洲自由贸易联盟International Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能机构WWF 世界自然基金会=World Wildlife FundICC 国际商务委员会（美洲国际）= The Interstate Commerce Commission of U.S.A.WTO 世界贸易组织/世界旅游组织= World Trade Organization/ World Tourism Organization= Warsaw Treaty Organization 华沙条约组织WHO 世界卫生组织= World Health OrganizationUNSECO 联合国教科文组织=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUN = Unites Nations 联合国Security Council 安理会World Bank 世界银行NASA 美国国家航天局=National Aeronautics and Space Administration世界贸易组织（简称“世贸组织”，World Trade Organization -- WTO）总部设在瑞士日内瓦莱蒙湖畔国际奥林匹克委员会(International Olympic Committee -- IOC) 简称“国际奥委会” 总部设在瑞士洛桑欧洲联盟（简称欧盟，European Union -- EU）总部设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔北大西洋公约组织（North Atlantic Treaty Organization -- NATO），简称北约, 总部设在比利时布鲁塞尔石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries -- OPEC) ，简称“欧佩克”，欧佩克总部设在维也纳东南亚国家联盟（简称东盟，Association of Southeast Asian Nations -- ASEAN），东盟秘书处（无总部称呼）设在印尼首都雅加达。

[最新]专业术语缩写说明

缩写说明Metrics:HR Dept.:L.W.D.C: Lost Work Day Case RateQuality Dept.:COQ: Cost of QualityWIR: Wiring Incident ReportFTQ: First Time QualityWFCC: Worldwide Formal Customer Complaint PPM：Pieces per MillionRRPPM: Return & Reject Piece Per Million IPTV: Incident Per Thousand VehiclesEngineering Dept.:C/O: Changeover timeC/T: Cycle TimePDT: Planned DowntimeLT: Lost TimeDT: DowntimeOA: Operational AvailabilityOE: Operational EffectivenessPC&L Dept.:OEM： On time ShipmentsIPM: Incident Per MillionE&O: Excess & ObsoletePRR: Problem Resolving RequestMU: Material UtilizationOthers:Tpct: Total Production Cycle TimeMCR: Material Cost Reduction6SIGMADMAIC: Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, ControlVOC: Voice of CustomerCTQ: Critical to QualitySIPOC: Supplier, Input, Process, Output, CustomerI&CIM: Innovation, & Continuos ImprovementTMAP: Though MapPMAP: Process MapMSE: Measure System EvaluationFMEA: Failure Modes and Effects AnalysisNEM: Numerical Evaluation of MetricsANOVA: Analysis of VarianceDOE : Design of ExperimentsLEAN1．DMS -- Delphi Manufacturing system⏹EEI : Employee Environment & Involvement⏹WPO: Workplace Organization⏹QS: Quality System⏹OA: Operational Availability⏹MM: material movement⏹MSD: Manufacturing System Design2．KMS -- Kaizen Manufacturing system3．OSKKK -- Observation, Standardization, Kaizen, Kaizen, Kaizen ……4．PFP -- People Focus practice5．VSM—Value Stream Mapping6．TPM: Total Production Maintenance7．PMP: Production Maintenance Partnership8．PM: Planned Maintenance9．TPS: Toyota Production System10. SMED: Single Minutes of Exchange Die12. FIFO: First In First Out13. 5S: Clear (Sort), Organize ( Straighten), Clean(Sweep), Maintain (Standardize),Continuous Improvement ( Sustain)14. NWG: Natural Work Group15. WIP: Work In Process16. PFEP: Plant For Every Part17. JIT: Just in Time18. PDCA: Plan – Do – Check – Action19. SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process20. VOC: Voice of Customer21. MSDS: Material Safety Date Sheets22. PDP: Product Development Process23. PTC: Protect The Customer24. APQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning25. SPDP: Supplier Performance Development Process26. QSA: Quality System Assessment27. SPC: Statistic Process Control28. PDAP: Production Part Approval29. DBS: Delphi Business System30. MSA: Measurement System Analysis31. FMEA: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis32. TLCC: Total Life Cycle CostEach FunctionHR Dept:HR: Human ResourcePBP: People Business PlanNWG: Natural Work GroupPPI: People Performance IndexMSDS: Material Safety Data SheetsOSHA : Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationIS&S Dept.IS&S: Information System and ServiceIT: Information TechnologyFS: Fourth ShiftMRP: Material Requirement PlanERP: Enterprise Resource PlanSAP: System, Application & ProductsJIT: Just – In – TimeSILS: Supply in Line SequenceOA: Office AutomationISP: Information Security PolicyFIS: An information System Supporting Audi A4 Production in FAW-VWBF: Back FlushOS: Operation SystemIP: Internet ProtocolPC& L:PC& L: Production Control & LogisticE & O: Excess and ObsoletePFEP: Plan For Every PartsTOR: Turn Over RateIPM: Incident Per MillionMPS: Master Production SchedulePO: Purchasing OrderMOQ: Minim Order QualityPPQ: Part Packing QualityL/T: Lead-TimeBOM: Bill of MaterialsWIP: Work In ProcessFIFO: First In First OutDOH: Day On HandPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingI/E DeptI/E: Import & ExportLMC: Logistic Management CompanyP/A: Public AffairsRDC: Regional Distribution CenterC.C : Consolidation CenterCCIB: China Commodity Inspection BranchCD: Customs DutyVAT: Value Added TaxPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingQuality Dept.QC: Quality ControlQSA: Quality System AssessmentDBS: Delphi Business SystemPDP: Product Development ProcessAPQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control PlanPPAP: Production Part ApprovalSPDP: Supplier Performance Development ProcessMSA: Measurement System AnalysisSPC: Statistic Process ControlFMEA: Failure Mode And Effects AnalysisCSE: Customer Support EngineerIP: Improvement PlanDOE : Design of ExperimentsGage R&R : Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process GD&T : Geometric Dimensioning and T olerancing PR/R : Problem Resolution and ReportingAE Dept.PDP: Product Development Process--PI: Product Initiation--CD: Concept Direction--CA: Concept Approval--PA: Product ApprovalAE: Application EngineeringOTS: Off- Tool- SamplesSOP: Start of ProductionOS: Start null seriesCKD: Comletely Knocked DownMPI: Muli Point InjectionPDM: Product Description ManualABS: Anti-Blacker- SystemEOP: End of ProductionCES: CATIA Electric SystemGPS: Global Positioning SystemAT: Automatic TransmissionAC: Air ConditionTDI: Turbo direction injectionSDI: Suck Diesel InjectionCAN: Controller Area NetworkSKD: Semi Knocked DownCVT: Continuously Variable TransmissionDUM: Digital Mock UpADP: Delphi Advanced Development ProcessEngineering Dept.M & TD: Machine & T ool DesignPCT: Planned Cycle TimeSWIP: Standard Work In ProcessCAD: Computer Aided DesignCAE: Computer Aided EngineeringCAM: Computer Aided ManufacturingCIP: Continuous Improvement ProcessDFA: Design for AssemblyDFE: Design for EnvironmentDFM: Define for ManufacturabilityDFMEA: Design Failure Mode and Effects AnalysisEBOM: Engineering Bill of MaterialEWO: Engineering Work OrderFM : Flow ManufacturingM-BOM: Manufacturing Bill of MaterialFinance Dept.ICRQ: Internal Control Review QuestionnairesTTM: T otal travel managementABC: Analysis based on costFARS: Financial Accounting and Reporting StaffCFPR: Corporate Financial Policy & ReportingD-CAP: Delphi Corporate Accounting PoliciesOthersE/EDS: Electric/Electronic Distribution SystemDCS: Delphi Connection SystemDMS: Delphi Mechtronic SystemOCM: Organizational change ManagementAIAG: Automotive Industries Action GroupAPP: Advance Purchasing ProcessAR: Appropriation RequestASQC: American Society for Quality ControlCAMIP: Continuous Automotive Marketing Information Program CAPPLAN : Capacity Planning SystemCMVSS : Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsCP: Critical PathCPM : Critical Path MethodDD: Design and DevelopmentDV: Design ValidationFEA: Finite Element AnalysisIDR: Interim Design ReviewKCC: Key Control CharacteristicKCDS: Key Characteristic Designation SystemKPC: Key Product CharacteristicMRD: Material Required DateMVSS: Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsP-BOM: Product Bill of MaterialPC: Problem CommunicationPDR: Preliminary Design ReviewPL: Project LaunchPM: Project ManagementPR: Performance ReviewPRR: Production Readiness ReviewPV: Product ValidationPVR: Process Validation ReviewQFD: Quality Function DeploymentQRDP: quality, reliability, durability, and performance RASI: responsibility matrixRC: Requirements and ConceptsRR: Requirements ReviewSORP: Start of Regular ProductionSOW: Statement of WorkTALC: Trim-Appearance-Lighting-ColorTDP: Delphi T echnology Development Process TIR: T est Incident ReportTSM: Trade Study MethodologyVSM: Variation Simulation ModelingWBS: Work Breakdown Structure。

供应链专业术语缩写及含义

供应链专业术语缩写及含义供应链管理是一个涉及多个领域的复杂系统，其中涉及到大量的专业术语和缩写。

这些术语和缩写的理解对于供应链管理人员来说至关重要，因为它们涉及到供应链管理的方方面面，包括采购、生产、物流、库存管理等。

在本文中，我将介绍一些常用的供应链专业术语的缩写及其含义，以帮助读者更好地理解供应链管理。

1. SCM：Supply Chain Management，供应链管理。

这是供应链管理领域中最常见的缩写，它涉及到整个供应链的规划、控制和执行，以实现最大化的价值。

2. ERP：Enterprise Resource Planning，企业资源规划。

ERP系统是一种集成的管理软件，它可以帮助企业实现信息的统一管理，包括采购、生产、销售等方面的信息。

3. MRP：Material Requirements Planning，物料需求计划。

MRP 系统是一种用于生产计划和控制的方法，它通过精确地计划所需的物料，并将其与生产计划相匹配，以确保生产的顺利进行。

4. WMS：Warehouse Management System，仓库管理系统。

WMS系统是用于实现仓库内物流管理的软件系统，它可以帮助企业实现仓库内的货物管理、库存控制和订单处理等功能。

5. TMS：Transportation Management System，运输管理系统。

TMS系统是用于管理运输和物流的软件系统，它可以帮助企业实现货物的运输计划、运输管控和运输成本的优化。

6. OMS：Order Management System，订单管理系统。

OMS系统是用于管理订单流程的软件系统，它可以帮助企业实现订单的处理、跟踪和配送等功能。

7. JIT：Just-In-Time，准时制。

JIT是一种生产和库存管理的方法，它通过在需要时才生产和供应物料，以减少库存和提高生产效率。

8. OTD：On-Time Delivery，准时交货。

OTD是一个衡量供应链绩效的指标，它表示供应链能否按时交付订单。

[计划]专业术语缩写

ACK (ACKnowledgment) TCP首部中的确认标志API (Application Programming Interface) 应用编程接口ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) 地址解析协议A R PA N E T(Defense Advanced Research Project Agency NETwork) (美国)国防部远景研究规划局AS (Autonomous System) 自治系统ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) 美国信息交换标准码ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation One) 抽象语法记法1BER (Basic Encoding Rule) 基本编码规则BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) 边界网关协议BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) 伯克利I n t e r n e t域名BOOTP (BOOTstrap Protocol) 引导程序协议BPF (BSD Packet Filter) BSD 分组过滤器CIDR (Classless InterDomain Routing) 无类型域间选路CIX (Commercial Internet Exchange) 商业互联网交换CLNP (ConnectionLess Network Protocol) 无连接网络协议CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) 循环冗余检验CSLIP (Compressed SLIP) 压缩的S L I PCSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) 载波侦听多路存取DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment) 数据电路端接设备DDN (Defense Data Network) 国防数据网DF (Don’t Fragment) IP首部中的不分片标志DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) 动态主机配置协议DLPI (Data Link Provider Interface) 数据链路提供者接口DNS (Domain Name System) 域名系统DSAP (Destination Service Access Point) 目的服务访问点DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer) 数字用户线接入复用器DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) 直接序列扩频DTS (Distributed Time Service) 分布式时间服务DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol) 距离向量多播选路协议EBONE (European IP BackbONE) 欧洲I P主干网EOL (End of Option List) 选项清单结束EGP (External Gateway Protocol) 外部网关协议EIA (Electronic Industries Association) 美国电子工业协会FCS (Frame Check Sequence) 帧检验序列FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) 光纤分布式数据接口FIFO (First In, First Out) 先进先出FIN (FINish) TCP首部中的结束标志FQDN (Full Qualified Domain Name) 完全合格的域名FTP (File Transfer Protocol) 文件传送协议HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) 高级数据链路控制HELLO 选路协议IAB (Internet Architecture Board) Internet体系结构委员会IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) Internet号分配机构ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Internet控制报文协议IDRP (InterDomain Routing Protocol) 域间选路协议IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering) （美国）电气与电子工程师协会IEN (Internet Experiment Notes) 互联网试验注释IESG (Internet Engineering Steering Group) Internet工程指导小组IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) Internet工程专门小组IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Internet组管理协议IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) 内部网关协议IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) Internet报文存取协议IP (Internet Protocol) 网际协议I RTF (Internet Research Task Force) Internet研究专门小组IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System Protocol) 中间系统到中间系统协议ISN (Initial Sequence Number) 初始序号ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际标准化组织ISOC (Internet SOCiety) Internet协会LAN (Local Area Network) 局域网LBX (Low Bandwidth X) 低带宽XLCP (Link Control Protocol) 链路控制协议LFN (Long Fat Net) 长肥网络LIFO (Last In, First Out) 后进先出LLC (Logical Link Control) 逻辑链路控制LSRR (Loose Source and Record Route) 宽松的源站及记录路由MBONE (Multicast Backbone On the InterNEt) Internet上的多播主干网MIB (Management Information Base) 管理信息库MILNET (MILitary NETwork) 军用网MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) 通用I n t e r n e t邮件扩充MSL (Maximum Segment Lifetime) 报文段最大生存时间MSS (Maximum Segment Size) 最大报文段长度M TA (Message Transfer Agent) 报文传送代理MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) 最大传输单元NCP (Network Control Protocol) 网络控制协议NFS (Network File System) 网络文件系统NIC (Network Information Center) 网络信息中心NIT (Network Interface Tap) 网络接口栓（S u n公司的一个程序）NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) 网络新闻传送协议NOAO (National Optical Astronomy Observatories) 国家光学天文台NOP (No Operation) 无操作NSFNET (National Science Foundation NETwork) 国家科学基金网络NSI (NASA Science Internet) （美国）国家宇航局I n t e r n e tNTP (Network Time Protocol) 网络时间协议NVT (Network Virtual Terminal) 网络虚拟终端OSF (Open Software Foudation) 开放软件基金OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) 开放系统互连OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) 开放最短通路优先PAWS (Protection Against Wrapped Sequence number) 防止回绕的序号PDU (Protocol Data Unit) 协议数据单元POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) 可移植操作系统接口PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) 点对点协议PSH (PuSH) TCP首部中的急迫标志RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) 逆地址解析协议RFC (Request For Comments) Internet的文档，其中的少部分成为标准文档RIP (Routing Information Protocol) 路由信息协议RPC (Remote Procedure Call) 远程过程调用RR (Resource Record) 资源记录RST (ReSeT) TCP首部中的复位标志RTO (Retransmission Time Out) 重传超时RTT (Round-Trip Time) 往返时间SACK (Selective ACKnowledgment) 有选择的确认SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) 串行线路I n t e r n e t协议SMI (Structure of Management Information) 管理信息结构SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) 简单邮件传送协议SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) 简单网络管理协议SSAP (Source Service Access Point) 源服务访问点SSRR (Strict Source and Record Route) 严格的源站及记录路由SWS (Silly Window Syndrome) 糊涂窗口综合症SYN (SYNchronous) TCP首部中的同步序号标志TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) 传输控制协议TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) 简单文件传送协议TLI (Transport Layer Interface) 运输层接口TTL (Ti m e - To-Live) 生存时间或寿命TUBA (TCP and UDP with Bigger Addresses) 具有更长地址的T C P和U D P Telnet 远程终端协议UA (User Agent) 用户代理UDP (User Datagram Protocol) 用户数据报协议URG (URGent) TCP首部中的紧急指针标志UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) 协调的统一时间UUCP (Unix-to-Unix CoPy) Unix到U n i x的复制WAN (Wide Area Network) 广域网WWW (World Wide Web) 万维网XDR (eXternal Data Representation) 外部数据表示XID (transaction ID) 事务标识符。

常用的英文缩写及其中文意思

常用的英文缩写及其中文意思经济学术语解释1、什么是CPI、通货膨胀、PPI和GNP缩减指数？消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index)，英文缩写为CPI，是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标，通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。

如果消费者物价指数升幅过大，表明通胀已经成为经济不稳定因素，央行会有紧缩货币政策和财政政策的风险，从而造成经济前景不明朗。

因此，该指数过高的升幅往往不被市场欢迎。

例如，在过去12个月，消费者物价指数上升2。

3%，那表示，生活成本比12个月前平均上升2。

3%。

当生活成本提高，你的金钱价值便随之下降。

也就是说，一年前收到的一张100元纸币，今日只可以买到价值97。

70元的货品及服务。

一般说来当CPI>3%的增幅时我们称为Inflation，就是通货膨胀；而当CPI>5%的增幅时，我们把他称为Serious Inflation，就是严重的通货膨胀。

主要价格指数有三个：消费者价格指数CPI(Consumer’s Price Index)，生产者价格指数PPI(Producer’s Price Index)，GNP缩减指数(GNP Deflator)。

可以这样说，CPI是一个同步经济指标，PPI是一个先行经济指标。

一般来说生产者价格指数领先于经济3个月到半年，消费者滞后于经济3个月到半年。

CPI可以显示目前经济状况，而PPI可以显示未来经济状况。

PPI计算的是厂商出售的价格，而CPI计算的是消费者购买的价格。

2、什么是恩格尔系数？1857年，德国统计学家恩格尔在研究了当时西欧某些居民家庭的收入和食物消费支出的关系后，提出了这样一个观点：一个家庭收入越少，总支出中用来购买食物的费用所占的比例越大。

这一观点被称为“恩格尔定律”，即恩格尔系数。

用公式表示为：恩格尔系数(%)=(食物支出额÷消费支出总额)×100%恩格尔定律主要表述的是食品支出占总消费支出随收入变化而变化的一定趋势。

ts专用术语缩写

问题交流报告。
Plan-Do-Check-Action，计划、实施、检查、行动，持续改进的基本步骤。 process failure mode and effects analysis,过程失效模式和后果分析。
故障预防。 problem report,问题解决。质量反馈单。 problem resolution tracking system, problem solving,问题解决。 quality、cost、delivery质量、成本、交期，被视为管理的首要目标。 quality-service-technique-price,对供应商考核的四项指标。 single issue list,单一问题清单。 safety,people,quality,responsiveness,cost,五大目标。 theory of constraints限制理论。
暗灯。 advanced production quality plan,产品质量前期策划。基于抽样来确定供方文件化的质量体系实施有效性的现场验证活动。 built in quality,制造质量。 cycle time,周期时间。 design failure mode and effects analysis,设计失效模式和后果分析。 failure mode and effects analysis,失效模式和后果分析。 flexible manufacturing systems,柔性制造系统。 fixed position stop,定点停。 fault tree analysis,故障树分析。 first time quality,下线合格率。 global customer audit,全球客户评审。 industry engineering,工业工程。 index time,指数时间。 key characteristic designation system，关键特性指定系统。 key product characteristic 主要产品特性。 measurement system analysis,测量系统分析。 off tooling sample,工装样件。产品装配文件。单一零件规划。单一零件清单。 production maintenance,设备维修。 production maintence partnership,设备维修伙伴。 production part approve process,生产件批准程序。 quality control circles,质量圈。

专业术语 (缩写)

一、质量管理类术语
二、检验方法类术语
MOI的测定: 其原理是基于病毒感染细胞是一种随机事件，遵循Poisson分布规律，可计算出感染一定比例的培养细胞所需的感染复数（MOI）。

其公式为：
P = 1- P(0) ,P(0) = e-m 或m = -InP（0）。

其中：
P 为被感染细胞的百分率
P(0)为未被感染细胞的百分率
m为MOI值
例如，如果要感染培养皿中99%的培养细胞，则：
P(0) = 1% = 0.01
m = -In(0.01)= 4.6 pfu/cell。

由此可以看出，由于病毒特性和研究者习惯的不同，MOI的单位由原来约定俗成的pfu number/cell变成多种表示单位。

在阅读文献和写作论文时，应注意MOI的具体含义和单位。

三、细胞系术语
外源病毒检验选用的细胞
荧光抗体检查法选择的细胞及阳性对照参考毒株
四、病源微生物（疫病）术语
五、产生血凝现象的常见动物病毒及红细胞。

酒店前台专业术语常见缩写及解释

酒店前台专业术语常见缩写1)RM= room 房间2)D/O=due out 预退/预离3)P/B=Pay by 由…付费4)P/F=Pay for 为…付费5)G/F=guarantee for 为…担保6)G/B= guarantee by 由..担保7)O/S=outside guest 非住店客人8)S/O=sleep out 外宿9)ID=identification card 身份证10)TA=Travel Agent 导游/旅行社11)CC=Credit Card 信用卡12)CA=Cash 现金13)AUTH=Authorization 预授权14)DEP=Deposit 押金15)DNC=Do not change 勿改16)WI=Walk in 散客17)FIT=frequent individual traveler 散客18)GTD=Guaranteed 担保19)CXL=cancel 取消20)POA=pay own account 自付21)PTY=party 团队22)GRP=group 团队23)L/O=late check out 延迟退房24)EXT=extend 续住25)HDC=half day of charge 半天房费26)FDC=full day of charge 全天房费27)FOC=Free of charge 免费28)RR/RT=room rate /room charge 房费29)UPG=upgrade 升级30)UPS=up sell 增值销售31)COMP=complimentary 免费32)HSE=house use 自用33)ETA=expected time of arrival 预抵日期34)ETD=expected time of departure 预离日期35)RC= registration card 入住登记单36)RSVN=reservation 预订37)BBF=breakfast 早餐38)CBF=child breakfast 儿童早餐39)DND=do notdisturb 请勿打扰40)DNM=do not move 勿动41)pkg=package 套餐/包价42)pax=people 人员43)N/A=no answer 无应答44)NB=no baggage 无行李45)N/S=no show 未到预订46)OT=overtime 加班47)PA=Public area48)PSB=public security bureau 公安局49)P/u=pick up 接机50)RO=reservation order 订单酒店前台常用术语解释1)Advance Deposit1.预付定金是指旅客在酒店定房时，酒店为确保经济效益（尤其在旺季）向客人收取的一笔定金。

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缩写说明Metrics:HR Dept.:L.W.D.C: Lost Work Day Case RateQuality Dept.:COQ: Cost of QualityWIR: Wiring Incident ReportFTQ: First Time QualityWFCC: Worldwide Formal Customer Complaint PPM：Pieces per MillionRRPPM: Return & Reject Piece Per Million IPTV: Incident Per Thousand VehiclesEngineering Dept.:C/O: Changeover timeC/T: Cycle TimePDT: Planned DowntimeLT: Lost TimeDT: DowntimeOA: Operational AvailabilityOE: Operational EffectivenessPC&L Dept.:OEM： On time ShipmentsIPM: Incident Per MillionE&O: Excess & ObsoletePRR: Problem Resolving RequestMU: Material UtilizationOthers:Tpct: Total Production Cycle TimeMCR: Material Cost Reduction6SIGMADMAIC: Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, ControlVOC: Voice of CustomerCTQ: Critical to QualitySIPOC: Supplier, Input, Process, Output, CustomerI&CIM: Innovation, & Continuos ImprovementTMAP: Though MapPMAP: Process MapMSE: Measure System EvaluationFMEA: Failure Modes and Effects AnalysisNEM: Numerical Evaluation of MetricsANOVA: Analysis of VarianceDOE : Design of ExperimentsLEAN1．DMS -- Delphi Manufacturing system⏹EEI : Employee Environment & Involvement⏹WPO: Workplace Organization⏹QS: Quality System⏹OA: Operational Availability⏹MM: material movement⏹MSD: Manufacturing System Design2．KMS -- Kaizen Manufacturing system3．OSKKK -- Observation, Standardization, Kaizen, Kaizen, Kaizen ……4．PFP -- People Focus practice5．VSM—Value Stream Mapping6．TPM: Total Production Maintenance7．PMP: Production Maintenance Partnership8．PM: Planned Maintenance9．TPS: Toyota Production System10. SMED: Single Minutes of Exchange Die12. FIFO: First In First Out13. 5S: Clear (Sort), Organize ( Straighten), Clean(Sweep), Maintain (Standardize),Continuous Improvement ( Sustain)14. NWG: Natural Work Group15. WIP: Work In Process16. PFEP: Plant For Every Part17. JIT: Just in Time18. PDCA: Plan – Do – Check – Action19. SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process20. VOC: Voice of Customer21. MSDS: Material Safety Date Sheets22. PDP: Product Development Process23. PTC: Protect The Customer24. APQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning25. SPDP: Supplier Performance Development Process26. QSA: Quality System Assessment27. SPC: Statistic Process Control28. PDAP: Production Part Approval29. DBS: Delphi Business System30. MSA: Measurement System Analysis31. FMEA: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis32. TLCC: Total Life Cycle CostEach FunctionHR Dept:HR: Human ResourcePBP: People Business PlanNWG: Natural Work GroupPPI: People Performance IndexMSDS: Material Safety Data SheetsOSHA : Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationIS&S Dept.IS&S: Information System and ServiceIT: Information TechnologyFS: Fourth ShiftMRP: Material Requirement PlanERP: Enterprise Resource PlanSAP: System, Application & ProductsJIT: Just – In – TimeSILS: Supply in Line SequenceOA: Office AutomationISP: Information Security PolicyFIS: An information System Supporting Audi A4 Production in FAW-VW BF: Back FlushOS: Operation SystemIP: Internet ProtocolPC& L:PC& L: Production Control & LogisticE & O: Excess and ObsoletePFEP: Plan For Every PartsTOR: Turn Over RateIPM: Incident Per MillionMPS: Master Production SchedulePO: Purchasing OrderMOQ: Minim Order QualityPPQ: Part Packing QualityL/T: Lead-TimeBOM: Bill of MaterialsWIP: Work In ProcessFIFO: First In First OutDOH: Day On HandPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingI/E DeptI/E: Import & ExportLMC: Logistic Management CompanyP/A: Public AffairsRDC: Regional Distribution CenterC.C : Consolidation CenterCCIB: China Commodity Inspection BranchCD: Customs DutyVAT: Value Added TaxPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingQuality Dept.QC: Quality ControlQSA: Quality System AssessmentDBS: Delphi Business SystemPDP: Product Development ProcessAPQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control Plan PPAP: Production Part ApprovalSPDP: Supplier Performance Development ProcessMSA: Measurement System AnalysisSPC: Statistic Process ControlFMEA: Failure Mode And Effects AnalysisCSE: Customer Support EngineerIP: Improvement PlanDOE : Design of ExperimentsGage R&R : Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process GD&T : Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing PR/R : Problem Resolution and ReportingAE Dept.PDP: Product Development Process--PI: Product Initiation--CD: Concept Direction--CA: Concept Approval--PA: Product ApprovalAE: Application EngineeringOTS: Off- Tool- SamplesSOP: Start of ProductionOS: Start null seriesCKD: Comletely Knocked DownMPI: Muli Point InjectionPDM: Product Description ManualABS: Anti-Blacker- SystemEOP: End of ProductionCES: CATIA Electric SystemGPS: Global Positioning SystemAT: Automatic TransmissionAC: Air ConditionTDI: Turbo direction injectionSDI: Suck Diesel InjectionCAN: Controller Area NetworkSKD: Semi Knocked DownCVT: Continuously Variable TransmissionDUM: Digital Mock UpADP: Delphi Advanced Development ProcessEngineering Dept.M & TD: Machine & Tool DesignPCT: Planned Cycle TimeSWIP: Standard Work In ProcessCAD: Computer Aided DesignCAE: Computer Aided EngineeringCAM: Computer Aided ManufacturingCIP: Continuous Improvement ProcessDFA: Design for AssemblyDFE: Design for EnvironmentDFM: Define for ManufacturabilityDFMEA: Design Failure Mode and Effects AnalysisEBOM: Engineering Bill of MaterialEWO: Engineering Work OrderFM : Flow ManufacturingM-BOM: Manufacturing Bill of MaterialFinance Dept.ICRQ: Internal Control Review QuestionnairesTTM: Total travel managementABC: Analysis based on costFARS: Financial Accounting and Reporting StaffCFPR: Corporate Financial Policy & ReportingD-CAP: Delphi Corporate Accounting PoliciesOthersE/EDS: Electric/Electronic Distribution SystemDCS: Delphi Connection SystemDMS: Delphi Mechtronic SystemOCM: Organizational change ManagementAIAG: Automotive Industries Action GroupAPP: Advance Purchasing ProcessAR: Appropriation RequestASQC: American Society for Quality ControlCAMIP: Continuous Automotive Marketing Information Program CAPPLAN : Capacity Planning SystemCMVSS : Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsCP: Critical PathCPM : Critical Path MethodDD: Design and DevelopmentDV: Design ValidationFEA: Finite Element AnalysisIDR: Interim Design ReviewKCC: Key Control CharacteristicKCDS: Key Characteristic Designation SystemKPC: Key Product CharacteristicMRD: Material Required DateMVSS: Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsP-BOM: Product Bill of MaterialPC: Problem CommunicationPDR: Preliminary Design ReviewPL: Project LaunchPM: Project ManagementPR: Performance ReviewPRR: Production Readiness ReviewPV: Product ValidationPVR: Process Validation ReviewQFD: Quality Function DeploymentQRDP: quality, reliability, durability, and performance RASI: responsibility matrixRC: Requirements and ConceptsRR: Requirements ReviewSORP: Start of Regular ProductionSOW: Statement of WorkTALC: Trim-Appearance-Lighting-ColorTDP: Delphi Technology Development Process TIR: Test Incident ReportTSM: Trade Study MethodologyVSM: Variation Simulation ModelingWBS: Work Breakdown Structure。