2020年中考英语复习案【阅读理解简答题】及专练卷附答案解析

2020年中考英语复习案【阅读理解简答题】及专练卷阅读简答的答题技巧阅读简答题既考查了学生的阅读理解能力，也考查了他们的英语表达能力和概括能力,因此对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的要求高。

1. 通读全文。

做简答题的关键是要读懂原文，因此首先要通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度，正确理解语境。

2. 按题查读，即根据问题去寻找答案。

认真阅读问题，充分理解问题，准确理解所问的内容，确定需要在文章中查找的对象，避免答非所问。

3. 简练作答。

在基本确定了每道题的回答内容之后，就要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。

注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。

组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。

如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬.4. 认真核查。

完成所填的答案以后，再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子放在一起,审读一遍，上下对比参照，逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误，另外还有一点也要注意：如果对字数有要求, 是否符合要求。

5. 答案形式要符合提问方式。

不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答，不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。

如原文中提问方式为“why”，那么就要用“b ecause”引导的从句来回答。

答题时值得注意的是：根据语境、先定词义、后定词形。

因此首先得纵观全文，围绕中心意思，综合考虑来确定词义，保证所填的词符合全文的大意。

查读相关的段落或词句时，应仔细对照留有空格的句子或问题，找出充足的依据来确定该空格应填词的词义。

所填的词还必须符合语法正确的原则，必须从词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态上来判定所填词的正确形式，所填的词以实词为主，有些要填的词可以从原短文中直接找到答案。

阅读简答实例分析(A)John Smith was an old porter. He worked at the station. Every day he was busy carr ying heavy things for the people. He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone. He was always ready to help others.One morning he stood in the station. He was waiting for the train. Just then he saw a man running towards the trains with a big bag in his hand.“No train is starting. Why is he in such a hurry?” the old man thought to himself.He went up to the man and asked, “May I help you?”As soon as the man saw the porter, he stopped running.“Can I catch the 10:35 train to London?” the man asked. He looked worried.The old porter looked at him for a few seconds and said, “Well, sir. I’d like to help you, but I can’t answer your question because I don’t know how fast you can run.” Th en he explained to the man, “The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago. Can you r un fast enough to catch it?”1. What was John’s job?2. Where do you think the man was going?3. Why did the man run towards the trains and look worried?4. What time was it when the man got to the station?5. What do you think of John Smith?【答案及解析】通读全文, 故事讲述的是车站搬运工John Smith有一天在火车站同一名旅客间的一段对话，故事很幽默。

第一个问题是一个细节题，第1段清楚地说明了他的工作：John Smith was an old po rter。

porter的意思的“(车站、码头) 的搬运工人”，如果考生不认识这个词，也可以由He w orked at the station. Every day he was busy carrying heavy things for the people.这两句话了解他的工作性质。

因此第一个问题的回答：John’s job was to carry heavy things for t he people at station. / He was a porter.第二个问题是一个推理题，问题:这名旅客要去哪里。

由文中这句旅客的问话Can I cat ch the 10:35 train to London?很容易推断出他要去伦敦。

第三个问题仍要求考生推理得出答案，问题：为什么此人看上去很急的样子朝火车赶去。

很显然是因为他在赶火车。

对why提问要用because进行回答，第三个问题的回答是Becau se he wanted to catch the 10:35 train to London.第四个问题是推理题, 问的是：这名旅客赶到火车站的时间。

由下文John的回答The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago可知火车已开走，这名旅客赶到的时间是大约1 0: 40，因此第四题的回答是It was about10：40 (twenty to eleven) 。

第五个问题是归纳题,考查考生对文章大意的理解。

这个问题的回答实际上就是全文的中心句, 在第一自然段里已做了介绍。

He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone and always ready t o help others.(B)John Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington, He inherited(继承) $ 1,000, 000 when he was 23. He didn’t feel happy at all. His college friends were looking for their fi rst jobs, but he didn’t have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like e veryone el se. He didn’t tell any of his friends and gave $ 100, 000 of his money to a charity(慈善团体) that helped poor children to live better lives, but he is much happier.Up to now,John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $ 20 0 a month for each. The child does not receive the money in cash(现金). The money pay s for the child’s school expenses, food, medical care and cloth ing. John receives a reporteach year on the child’s progress. They can write to each other, but usually th e children do not speak English.When John first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was not anyt hing special,” he said, “Until I had the chance to go to these countries and meet the chil dren I was helping, I did not know anything abou t the type of life they had.”Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very ex citing. “When I met her, I felt very very happy,” he said, “I saw that the money was us ed for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money al one cannot” “ I want to do every thing I can. I will go on helping those children in need,“he added.根据短文内容回答下列问题，不超过五个单词：1. What kind of life is John living?He is living a _______________________..2. Did John want to look for a job or stay at home after he got the money?___________________3. Does John only help the poor children in Africa?____________________________4. The child receives the money in cash, doesn’t he?_______________________________5. Why did John say that the meeting with the little girl was very exciting?Because he saw his money was well used and this made him_____________.6.. How do you like John Brown?He is_______________________【答案及解析】这篇短文讲述的是John Brown继承了一笔遗产,并用这笔钱来资助15个孩子的故事。