非谓语动词之现在分词和动名词
(完整版)非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。
(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(经验)（3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。
3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
2025届高考英语一轮复习非谓语动词之动名词与现在分词课件
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1)Toady there are more airplanes ___A______
more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carrying
B. carry
C. carried
D. to be carrying
2)The park was full of people _____C______
eg. His friend died, leaving him a lot of money, 6）作方式状语
I don’t like the idea of us / our not helping at all.
I don’t mind Jane buying another one. 注②：如果动名词的逻辑主语是表示无生命的东西的名词，或不定代词，就只能
用普通格，不能用所有格，如：
The boy was alarmed by someone knocking at the door.
名称
主语
非谓语动词的语法功能 宾语 表语 定语 状语
宾语补 足语
不定 式
√
√
√
√
√
√
动名 词
√
√
√
非谓语动词-动名词&现在分词
非谓语动词定义:句子中的谓语一定是动词但动词的不一定总是作谓语. 当动词在句子中作谓语外的其它成分时,称为非谓语动词一动名词: Ving定义:动名词即动词的ing格式,具备动词的特征,又具有名词[n]的语法功能一格式[含动名词&现在分词]二动名词Ving的句法功能:充当主语宾语表语定语同位语1作主语[n]Reading aloud is very helpful Writing a dictionary is a long and difficult business but we are getting there. Collecting stamps is interesting Watching the event on television was a poor substitute for actually being there. Walking after supper is good for you. Having to change train is not convenient Being deaf and dumb makes communication difficult※注: 动名词作主语时,可以用形式主It代替,而把动名词置后.2作表语[n]His job is building houses. My hobby is collecting stamps. In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs.3作宾语 [动名词可做动词宾语和介词宾语] [n]They haven’t nishing building the damp. She left without saying anything to us.They suggested building a garden I am afraid of being punished by the teacher.We remember seeing him in the USA last year. Man’s dream of landing on the moon came true in 1968. Would you mind my tuning down the radio ? Ann never dream of there being a chance for her to go abroad.※注※::动名词作宾语,若其后跟有宾语补足语,常用形式宾语It 代替, 动名词置后[与动名词作主语时类似] We found making fun of others is no good → We found it no good making fun of others.[注意:It后没有is].We think complaining is no good→ We think it no use complaining.※注※:必须记住,以下谓语动词只能跟动名词作宾语A void Risk Deny Can't help Object to be Be busy Insist on Keep…from Delay Mind Admit Keep miss Be used to Think of Spend… in Stop…from Enjoy permit Excuse Be worth Get used to Dream of Succeed in Protect…from Finish Forbid Imagine Set about Pay attention to Be fond of Engaged in Prevent…from Suggest Practice Appreciate feel like Look for word to注意:Consider‘考虑’ doing Consider‘认为’to do4作定语:表被修饰语的作用功能用途等[n]The old man walks with a walking stick. [A stick for walking]Is there a swimming pool in your school?[a pool for swimming]We need a fishing net to catch more fish. [a net for fishing]Could you confirm the departing time ? [ a time for departing]5作同位语:The cave, his hiding place is secret.The activity, tricking or treating, depends on your respond.His Habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.二现在分词定义:现在分词既具有动词的特征,又具备形容词和副词的语法功能.1作定语:分词单独作定语时,放在被修饰词语前面In the following years he worked even harder.分词短语做定语时,放在被修饰词语后面The men speaking to the teacher are students parents.※注※:现在分词做定语,相当于一个定语从句:In the following years = in the years that followed;The man speaking to the teacher = The man who is speaking to the teacher.2做表语Collecting stamps is interesting.The present situation of China is inspiring.The film being showed in the cinema is so exciting.3做宾语补足语[1]宾语补足语的定义:句子中位于宾语后、表示宾语的动作\性质\特征\功能等的句子成分:We find the apple [dropping from the tree]. We drew the apple [red].[2]以下系动词常跟现在分词作宾补.Leave CatchGet Let Have MakeFeel See Watch Look at Hear Listen to Find Notice Observe Keep1 We get\let\have\make\help the boy finishing the work.2 The women rushed out of the house, leaving her baby crying.3 We found the water leaking out of the tap, it maybe broken.4 We kept the car waiting for us outside.5 Can you hear her singing the song in the next room ?6 There was a girl sitting here.4做状语1时间状语: While working in that factory, he was an advanced engineer.2条件状语:[IF] playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.3原因状语: Being a cop, you guys have to do this .4结果状语:He dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces.5目的状语:We went shopping. Let’s go shipping the other day.6让步状语:Though raining heavily, it clean up very soon. Given time and dedication, you will succeed.7方式状语:[伴随状语] :同一主语同时发出2个动作He stayed[动作] at home, cleaning[动作] the house all day long..同一主语同时处于2个状态All night long she stayed awake[状态], being angry [状态]about this同一主语发出1个动作时又伴随有某一状态. All night long she stayed awake[状态], thinking[动作] about thisHe sat in the armchair, reading the news paper.Following his master, the dog entered the house.8 独立主格[具备逻辑主语]:I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head. Time permitting, we will do another 2 exercises. All the tickets having been sold out, they went back disappointedly. The meeting being over, all of us went home. 与’with’连用: With the lights burning, he fell asleep. Without bringing the map, we got lost .9 独立成分[不具逻辑主语]:Adjusting from his appearance, he must be a actor. Generally speaking, girls are more careful.。
动词的非谓语形式有三种不定式动名和分词
注①
admit，appreciate，avoid，consider, delay, dislike，enjoy，escape, excuse，face，feel like，finish，forgive，give up, imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist, risk，suggest，can’t help，can’t stand(无法忍受)等动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式．
2
动名词的复合结构同由
物主代词
人称代词宾格 +动名词 构成
名词所有格
普通格加
2
2．动名词的复合结构
句子开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词．
例如: His coming made me very happy． Mary’s crying annoyed him. She didn't mind his crying． Is there any hope for Xiao Wang’s winning?
但在 It is no use／ good，not any use／ good，useless /there is no …等后必须用动名词。 例如：
01
02
2)作表语．
例如： Her job is teaching.
He is fond of playing football．
01
I like swimming.
I must remember to do it. (我必须记着做这事．) I tried not to go there． (我没法不去那里． He stopped to talk. (他停下来讲话．) I mean to come early today. (我打算今早些来．)
非谓语动词(动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词)
非谓语动词（动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词）一、概念一个简单句只能有一个动词做谓语，这个动词叫谓语动词；在这个简单句中，其他没有做谓语的动词，不管有多少个，都不能做谓语，这些动词就叫非谓语动词。
这是英语语法极其重要的一个原则。
谓语动词要以谓语动词形式表达出来，非谓语动词要以非谓语动词的形式表达出来。
非谓语动词包括：动词不定式-to do动名词-doing现在分词-doing过去分词-done非谓语动词，顾名思义，就是不是做谓语的动词；非谓语动词除了不做谓语，可以做主语、宾语、定语、状语和表语等各种其他句子成分。
要掌握非谓语动词的用法，就是要掌握不同非谓语动词在各个句子成分的不同含义和用法。
二、非谓语动词的用法区别从含义上大略可以区别：过去分词-done一般表示被动、完成的意思，所以从主动和被动方面先可以把过去分词和动词不定式、现在分词、动名词区分开来。
动词不定式一般表示目的、还未发生的动作。
现在分词一般表示正在进行或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
动名词具有名词的特性，在句中一般做主语、宾语、表语。
所以，就区别to do与doing的区别就可以了。
1、to do与doing（动名词）的区别（主要是在做主语、表语和宾语时的区别）（1）做主语和表语的区别一般来说，在表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性行为时多用动名词；在表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来发生的动作，多作不定式。
做主语:Smoking is prohibited here.此地禁止抽烟。
To invite him to tomorrow party is necessary.邀请他参加明天的聚会是必要的。
做表语：My job is teaching English .我的工作是教英语。
Our task now is to increase food production.我们现在的任务是增加粮食产量。
表语是以下一些词，一般用动名词做真正主语：注意：it是形式主语，动名词是真正主语。
非谓语动词的动名词和现在分词的区别
非谓语动词的动名词和现在分词的区别
首先动名词是名词性，现在分词是形容词性，但有时候它们会出现在同样的地方，需要进行一定的分析才能分辨到底是动名词还是现在分词
That flying bird is a black-faced spoonbill
flying 出现在名词短语that bird中间的位置，是现在分词。
现在分词是形容词，暗示有正在进行的意思。
为了验证它是否是形容词性，我们把它移到另外一个形容词常在的位置：表语
the bird is flying. 逻辑清楚正确，没有问题。
再看另外一个例子
That flying jacket looks smart on you.
flying 还是放在名词短语中间的位置，我们再次把它放在表语的位置
that jacket is flying. 这明显是错的
所以这里的flying是名词性的，the flying jacket 是个复合名词。
我们把它放在名词的典型位置：介词之后
That is a jacket for flying. 这就通顺了。
非谓语动名词和现在分词
非谓语动名词和现在分词Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】非谓语动词之现在分词和动名词现在分词和动名词的形式是一样的，都是doing，但它们的含义和用法存在很大差别，即便都可以做表语、定语，其含义也是大不相同的。
一.现在分词 doing1、现在分词由动词加“ing”构成，表示主动或正在进行，主要起形容词、副词和动词的作用，可在句中作表语、定语、状语、宾补等成份。
（1）作表语。
（与主语存在主动的逻辑关系）The news is exciting. 这个消息令人兴奋。
The result is amazing. 这个结果令人惊异。
（2）作定语。
（与被修饰词之间存在主动的逻辑关系）Do you know the young man standing under the tree?你认识站在树下的年轻人吗？The woman wearing a red coat is my aunt.穿红外套的女人是我的阿姨。
（3）作状语。
（与句子主语存在主动逻辑关系，并且与谓语动作同时发生）Passing by the house, he saw a girl playing the piano .（时间状语）经过这所房子的时候，他看到一个女孩正在弹钢琴。
A lot of land has gone with the trees, leaving only sand.(结果状语)大量的土地已经与树木一起消失了，只留下了沙子。
They wake up their parents , calling “Merry Christmas”（伴随状语）他们弄醒了他们的父母，喊着“圣诞节快乐”。
（4）作宾补。
（与宾语存在主动逻辑关系，并且与谓语动作同时发生）I hear a girl singing in the next room.我听到一个女孩正在隔壁唱歌。
草堂教育初中语法班——非谓语动词——动词不定式、 动名词、 现在分词、 过去分词(教师版)
草堂教育英语语法班1对1——非谓语动词非谓语动词（the Non-Finite Verbs ）是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。
1. 动词不定式：有两种形式1) to + 动词原形（即to do）;2) 动词原形（即do）2. 动名词：动词+ing，既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
3. 现在分词：动词+ing，形式上与动名词一样，但没有名词的性质。
4. 过去分词：规则的过去分词（动词+ed）和不规则的过去分词（不规则动词表），不能单独作谓语●动词不定式：1.作主语或表语。
1) It is hard to climb a high mountain.(climb)（不定式作主语，常用it 作形式主语。
）2) The only way to reach the edge of the forest ___ the narrow dirt path in front of us.A. was to takeB. was to takingC. will takeD. was taken（不定式作表语，常用来说明主语内容。
）2.某些动词后须跟不定式to do 作宾语：e.g. afford, agree, decide, demand, offer, determine, hope, expect, wish, happen, fail, manage,desire,long(渴望), plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, intend, seem;…3.某些动词后须用不定式作宾补v.+n.+to doe.g. advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, cause, choose, drive(驱使), enable, encourage,expect, wish,force, get, invite, prefer, tell, think, want, warn, order, require, call on, depend on…4.动词let, have, make, notice, watch, observe,feel, hear, see, 后用动词原形作宾补. 如改为被动语态，省掉的to 要还原。
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非谓语动词之现在分词和动名词
今天我们来学习另外两种非谓语动词形式—现在分词和动名词。
现在分词和动名词的形式是一样的，都是doing，但它们的含义和用法存在很大差别，即便都可以做表语、定语，其含义也是大不相同的。
希望同学们通过今天的学习，能够真正领悟它们的用法和区别。
一.现在分词（The Present Participle）: doing
1、现在分词由动词加“ing”构成，表示主动或正在进行，主要起形容词、副词和动词的作用，可在句中作表语、定语、状语、宾补等成份。
（1）作表语。
（与主语存在主动的逻辑关系）
The news is exciting.
这个消息令人兴奋。
The result is amazing.
这个结果令人惊异。
（2）作定语。
（与被修饰词之间存在主动的逻辑关系）
Do you know the young man standing under the tree?
你认识站在树下的年轻人吗？
The woman wearing a red coat is my aunt.
穿红外套的女人是我的阿姨。
（3）作状语。
（与句子主语存在主动逻辑关系，并且与谓语动作同时发生）
Passing by the house, he saw a girl playing the piano .（时间状语）
经过这所房子的时候，他看到一个女孩正在弹钢琴。
A lot of land has gone with the trees, leaving only sand.(结果状语)
大量的土地已经与树木一起消失了，只留下了沙子。
They wake up their parents , calling “Merry Christmas”（伴随状语）他们弄醒了他们的父母，喊着“圣诞节快乐”。
（4）作宾补。
（与宾语存在主动逻辑关系，并且与谓语动作同时发生）
I hear a girl singing in the next room.
我听到一个女孩正在隔壁唱歌。
2、现在分词的否定式：not doing
Not knowing where he is, she is feeling anxious.
不知道他在哪里，她感到非常焦急。
二.动名词（The Gerund）: doing
1、动名词由动词加“ing”构成，它是一个动词性的名词，它具有名词的绝大多数特征，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补等成份。
（1）作主语。
Seeing is believing.
眼见为实
Picking apples is much better than having classes.
摘苹果比上课好多了。
注：下列句型可用it作形式主语，将真正主语动名词放于句末。
如：
It’s no use/good plaining about others. 抱怨别人是没有用处/好处的。
（2）作表语。
His job is feeding animals.
他的工作是喂养动物。
The only thing that I want to do is sleeping. 我想做的唯一的事情就是睡觉。
（3）作宾语，分为动词宾语与介词宾语两种。
Tom enjoys living in Beijing.
汤姆喜欢住在。
Would you mind my opening the door.
你介意我开窗户吗？
What about going fishing tomorrow?
明天去钓鱼怎么样？
注：有些动词后加不定式和动名词作宾语有两种截然不同的含义。
如：
go on to do sth．（接着做另一件事）
go on doing sth．（继续做同一件事）
forget /remember to do sth．（记住或忘记去做某事，还未做）forget /remember doing sth．（记住或忘记做过某事，不一定做没做）
stop to do sth．（停下来去做另外一件事）
stop doing sth．（停止正在做的事）
mean to do. （打算做某事）
mean doing.（意味着......）
try to do.（努力做某事）
try doing.（尝试做某事）
（4）作定语
a swimming pool 游泳池
a sleeping car 卧铺车厢
a reading room阅览室
a walking stick 手杖
动名词相当于一个名词作定语，说明被修饰词的用途、功能或性质。
2、动名词的否定式：not doing
She regrets not helping him then.
她后悔当时没有帮助他。
3、No + 动名词表示"禁止"。
No smoking.禁止吸烟。
No parking .禁止停车。
4、动名词的复合结构：名词所有格、形容词物主代词+动名词。
Do you mind my / Wei Fang's opening the window ?
你介意我/魏芳打开窗户吗？。