2015年高二英语话题阅读训练WeekNine社会生活

Week Nine 社会生活一、阅读理解（共14小题；共28.0分）ANEW YORK: New York on Thursday, 13 Sept, became the first city in the United States to enforce a limited ban on super-sized soda drinks blamed by Mayor Michael Bloomberg for fuelling a national obesity crisis.The Board of Health's formal approval of the ban-proposed by Bloomberg and praised by health campaigners, but hotly opposed by soft drinks manufacturers—was not considered a surprise.The city health commissioner, Thomas Farley, called the vote "historic".However, Liz Berman, president of Continental Food and Beverage and head of the New Yorkers for Beverage Choices lobby group, described the "discriminatory ban" as a "fix"."It's sad that the board wants to limit our choices. We are smart enough to make our own decisions about what to eat and drink." she said in a statement.However, there is nothing to stop people from buying as much soda as they like by refilling smaller containers. Also, the ban does not extend to drinks sold in supermarkets or any dairy or fruit drinks, many of which also contain huge quantities of sugar.Diet and alcoholic drinks are also exempted. The measure, which could face legal challenges from the soft drinks industry, takes effect in six months.According to official statistics, some 6,000 people in New York die each year from obesity-linked problems. One in eight adult New Yorkers has diabetes, which can be worsened by sugar consumption.Boosting the mayor, the newly-built basketball stadium for the Brooklyn Nets announced it will immediately adopt the rules, well ahead of the March 12 deadline.The measure generated a stormy debate, including 38,000 comments written to the Board of Health. Polls showed a majority of people opposed the ban.1. Why does New York enforce the limited ban on super-sized soda drinks?A. Because it is believed that soda drinks are of harm to health.B. Because it is believed that soda drinks cause the nation overweight.C. Because too many people don't like drinking soda drinks.D. Because super-sized soda drinks block the sugar consumption.2. What's the attitude of the consumers towards the limited ban?A. Supportive.B. Opposed.C. Neutral.D. Not mentioned.3. What can we infer from the passage about Liz Berman?A. She is in charge of the production of soda drinks all over the country.B. She is very angry that the city government limits what to eat and drink.C. She takes the limited ban on super-sized soda drinks as an unfair one.D. She is smart enough to know what she eats or drinks.4. The underlined word "exempted" means in the 7th paragraph.A. relievedB. unfairC. upsetD. limited5. When will the limited ban be carried out according to the passage?A. This September.B. This November.C. The coming January.D. The coming March.BFor Durjana, panhandling by forcing a long-tailed monkey to perform on the sidewalks of Jakarta and letting it interact with passersby for small change is nothing more than a way to make a living.This lifestyle has proven to be a risk to both Durjana and the people who walk past him and his monkey. And the welfare of the animal is also in severe danger.Durjana admits he is worried about the risks, but tries his best to be responsible. He gives the monkey some over-the-counter medicine at the first signs of the flu, hoping it will cure the animal."If the monkey starts to sneeze and look unfit, I try to cure it with any kind of medicine that we humans consume to cure the flu, but I give it half the normal dosage," he said, unaware that a simple sneeze can release an infectious disease into the air.Tuberculosis and variety of other diseases can be transferred from a monkey to a human, and that includes humans that don't come in physical contact with the monkey.Aside from tuberculosis or herpes, another zoonosis, a human can contract rabies if bitten by a diseased monkey.But there is no easy way for Durjana, and the hundreds of monkey-handlers on the streets to know if their monkeys are carrying a fatal disease."Some diseases are not visible on the surface and can be seen only by health tests, and that's why the Jakarta Animal Aid Network (JAAN) was conducting health checks for the monkeys," said David van Gennep, executive director of AAP, a Netherlands—based rescue center and sanctuary for primates and other exotic mammals, during a recent visit to Jakarta.6. How do monkey-handlers make a living?A. By performing on the sidewalks.B. By entertaining the passersby.C. By walking past the passersby.D. By letting the monkeys interact with passersby.7. What can we infer from the words Durjana said?A. He knows exactly what risk the monkey can bring.B. He is quite sure how to cure the monkey of its disease.C. He doesn't hope to spend much money on the weak monkey.D. He isn't aware of the severe disease the monkey may bring.8. How many kinds of diseases can a monkey bring to a human?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.9. Why CAN'T many monkey-handlers on the streets know whether the monkeys carrya deadly disease?A. They don't have access to health tests.B. Some diseases are hard to find for common people.C. The monkey-handlers are not so clever.D. The monkeys are unwilling to be checked.10. Where is the general office of AAP?A. In Jakarta.B. In the USA.C. In Netherlands.D. In Australia.CWe use language every day to express our emotions, but can this language actually affect what and how we feel? Two new studies from Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, explore the ways in which the interaction between language and emotion influences our well-being.Putting Feelings into Words Can Help Us Cope with Scary SituationsKatharina Kircanski and colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles investigated whether verbalizing a current emotional experience, even when that experience is negative, might be an effective method for treating for people with spider phobias. In an exposure therapy study, participants were put into different experimental groups and they were instructed to approach a spider over several successive days.One group was told to put their feelings into words by describing their negative emotions about approaching the spider. Another group was asked to "judge" the situation by describing the spider using emotionally neutral words. A third group was told to talk about an unrelated topic (things in their home) and a fourth group received no intervention. Participants who put their negative feelings into words were most effective at lowering their levels of physiological arousal. They were also slightly more willing to approach the spider. The findings suggest that talking about your feelings—even if they're negative-may help you to cope with a scary situation.Unlocking Past Emotion: The Verbs We Use Can Affect Mood and HappinessOur memory for events is influenced by the language we use. When we talk about a past occurrence, we can describe it as ongoing (I was running) or already completed (I ran). To investigate whether using these different wordings might affect our mood and overall happiness, Will Hart of the University of Alabama conducted four experiments in which participants either recalled or experienced a positive, negative, or neutral event. They found that people who described a positive event with words that suggested it was ongoing felt more positive. And when they described a negative event in the same way, they felt more negative.The authors conclude that one potential way to improve mood could be to talk about negative past events as something that already happened as opposed to something that was happening.11. What has an influence on people's happiness?A. Language.B. The interaction between language and emotion.C. Emotion.D. The ways people are living.12. Which group proves the first conclusion?A. Group One.B. Group Two.C. Group Three.D. Group Four.13. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Negative past events may be changed by talking in opposite words.B. Some unpleasant past experience expressed differently will improve one's mood.C. What is happening now can influence our past emotion.D. What happened in the past may still affect us even for long.14. How does language affect one's emotion?A. By influencing the current experience and the past memory.B. By putting feelings into our memory and unlocking past emotion.C. By verbalizing a current emotional experience.D. By influencing our memory for events.二、完形填空（共20小题；共30.0分）BANGKOK-A speed boat carrying dozens of foreign tourists near Thailand's popular resort island of Koh Phi Phi sank on Monday in abnormally rough seas, police and witnesses said.All 41 people aboard 15 . The boat was carrying 37 Asian and European 16 and four Thai crew members when it17 in the Andaman Sea, Marine Police Lt-Col Panya Chaichana said. The boat was headed to Phuket Island, another popular tourist 18 .Navy ships, fishing boats and other nearby vessels 19 to the scene and were able to rescue everyone 20 , Panya said. William Ihaka, a 43-year-old Australian tourist who was 21 those rescued, told The Associated Press the experience was 22 ."The sea was very 23 … the water kept coming over the front of the boat, and there was so much 24 coming over the front that the boat started 25 with water," Ihaka said. The crew "told us to put life jackets on, and about five minutes later, the boat sank. So we all jumped off. We were 26 in the sea." Another27 passenger traveling with Ihaka, 39-year-old Elizabeth Hickey, said she was " 28 and frightened.""We were both seated at the 29 , and the water hit us before it 30 anyone else," she said. "We could see the waves, and we just knew that it was going to 31 , we knew that the boat was going to sink."Colin Dallimors, a 48-year-old British tourist, said the first giant 32 swamped the boat and stopped the engine, then another wave struck soon after, dealing a 33 blow."Everyone was trying to 34 . The boat sank, the boat went down," Dallimors said. "I've never seen anything like that."Thailand's Meteorological Department had predicted strong rain and high waves in the area on Monday.15. A. died B. survived C. killed D. fainted16. A. tourists B. settlers C. soldiers D. workers17. A. broke B. crashed C. sank D. sailed18. A. journal B. sea C. ship D.destination19. A. raced B. drove C. rose D. ran20. A. in person B. on purpose C. by accident D. on board21. A. before B. behind C. among D. under22. A. terrifying B. satisfying C. exciting D. amusing23. A. gentle B. calm C. shallow D. rough24. A. wind B. water C. fish D. storm25. A. filling up B. coming up C. putting up D. drying up26. A. dying B. drowning C. floating D. drinking27. A. American B. Australian C. British D. Chinese28. A. excited B. scared C. amazed D. upset29. A. front B. back C. side D. indoors30. A. beat B. struck C. defeated D. hit31. A. go up B. go away C. go off D. go down32. A. lightning B. thunderstorm C. wave D. attack33. A. good B. extreme C. disastrous D. strong34. A. stay out B. pick out C. get out D. turn out三、阅读理解（共4小题；共8.0分）Loneliness has been linked to depression(抑郁) and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same.Earlier findings showed that happiness, obesity(肥胖) and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.The new findings involved more than five thousand people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendshiphistories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness aboutforty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject(排斥) them.John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.35. As an average person, if you make 2 more friends, how many days a year might you suffer from loneliness?A. 48 days.B. 43 days.C. 65 days.D. 17 days.36. What can we infer from the passage about lonely people?A. They can overcome loneliness themselves.B. They will decrease loneliness day by day.C. They need help to get back to normal social life.D. They can help others to repair their social networks.37. What's the best way to help lonely people according to this passage?A. Bring them together.B. Make friends with them.C. Help them stop smoking.D. Help them loose weight.38. Which of the following would be the topic of the passage?A. Loneliness and social net work.B. Social Networks and friendship.C. Loneliness and diet.D. Help A Lonely Person.答案一、阅读理解1. B2. D3. C4. A5. D6. B7. D8. B9. B 10. C11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A二、完形填空15. B16. A 17 (暂无答案) 18. D 19. A 20. D 21 (暂无答案) 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27 (暂无答案) 28. B 29. A 30. D31. D 32. C 33. C 34. C三、阅读理解35. B36. C 37. B 38. A。