初中英语-不定代词用法详解(最新整理)

初中英语-不定代词用法详解(最新整理)
初中英语-不定代词用法详解(最新整理)

不定代词用法详解

不定代词,不明确指代某个特定的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名次和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

英语中的不定代词常常成对出现,如some 和any, all 和both, neither 和either, each 和every, other 和another, much 和many, one 和no, none 和no one, few 和a few,little 和a little,等等。另外,还有由some, any, every, no 与body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词(somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything, everything, nothing)。

1.some 和any

some 和any 都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词;some 一般用于肯定句,any 一般用于疑问句和否定句。如:

I must get some fruit in the market. 我得在市场上买点水果。

Do you have any books for children? 你有适合小孩子看的书吗?

【说明】(1) 当表示请求或要求并希望对方能给出肯定的回答时,some 也可用于疑问句;any 表示“任何的”之意时,也可用于肯定句。

Can you give me some paper? 你能给我些纸吗?

Why not send that girl some flowers? 为什么不送给那位女孩几束花呢?

You can read any of the books. 你可以看这些书中的任何一本。

(2) some 和any 均不能跟冠词连用。

2.all 和both

(1)all 表示全部,表示三者或三者以上的人或物;both 指代两个人或事物,表示两者都。

Copper and silver are both metals. 铜和银都是金属。

Both sides are keen to reach an agreement. 双方都很想达成协议。

She and her husband both like dancing. 她和丈夫都喜欢跳舞。

There are trees on both sides of the street. 街道两旁都有树。

Not all women like the word Ms. 并非所有的女性都喜欢Ms 这个词。

(2)all 和both 都可以与定冠词连用,置于定冠词之前。

Are all the students here today? 今天所有的学生都到了吗?

【说明】在句子中用作同位语时,一般放在行为动词之前,情态动词、系动词be 或助动词之后,但当行为动词或表语省略时,all, both 放在情态动词、系动词be 或助动词之前。

They haven’t been there, but we both have. 我们没有去过那儿,但我们俩去过。

(3)All,both 与not 连用表示部分否定。

All birds can not fly. 不是所有的鸟都会飞。

All that glitters is not gold. 并不是所有发光的都是金子。

Both men and women are not of the same character. 男人和女人的性格特点不都一样。

3.neither 和either

neither 和either 均用于指两者,neither 意为“两者都不”,either 意为“两者之一”、“任意一方”。如:

Neither of us enjoy getting up early. 我们俩谁也不喜欢早起。

There are trees on either side of the street. 街道两边都有树。

She’s the kind of person you either love or hate. 她是那种叫你不是爱就是恨的人。

Here are two shirts ,you can take either of them. 这儿有两件衬衫,你拿哪件都可以。

I agree with neither of you. 你们两人的意见我都不同意。

【说明】(1)只用于指两者,指三者或多者要用none 和any。

(2)neither 有时可视为either 的否定式,即neither= not either。

(3)两者均可修饰名词,但被修饰名词要用单数形式。

4.each 和every

(1)each 强调个体,指两者或两者以上的人或物,在句子中可用作主语、宾语,也可做定语(修饰单数可数名词);every 强调全体,只能指三者或三者以上的人或物,在句子中只能做定语,修饰单数可数名词。

Each has something to say. 每个人都有话要讲。

Each child was given a Christmas gift. 每个孩子都得到了圣诞礼物。

You should give 20 dollars to each. 你应该给每个人20 美元。

Every minute is important to us. 每一分钟对我们都是重要的。

I read English every morning. 我每天早晨读英语。

(2)each of 后面直接接人称代词复数(us,them,you),不能直接接名词,必须在复数名词前加限定词(the 或my,his,her,our 等物主代词)

Each of us has got something to say.

Each of my sisters has a storybook.

(3)两个用and 连接的名词若受each 或every 修饰且用作主语时,其谓语依然用单数。如:

Every [Each] boy and girl has one. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个。

但是,each 用于复数主语后作同位语,后面的谓语用复数。如:

The students each have a dictionary. 学生每人有一本字典。

(4)every 后接“数字或few +名词”可表示“每……”,而each 一般这样用。如:

He comes home every two weeks. 他每隔两周回家一次。

注意:(1) each 指两者或两者以上的“每个”,every 指三者或三者以上“每个”,因此指两者时只能用each。如:

He could write with either hand. 他两只手都能写字。(2) every 可受almost, nearly 等副词的修饰,但each 却不能。

5.one, another

(1)one 指一个或相似的一个;another 指另外的一个,表泛指。如:

Please give me another. 请给我另一个。

I haven’t a book; can you lend me one? 我没有书,你能借我一本吗?

【说明】another 可以修饰one,但one 不能修饰another。如:

Please give me another one. 请给我另一个。

(2)one 可与this, that, the 等连用,表示特指;another 不能与这些词连用,也不能表示特指。如:

This one is better than the one over there. 这个比那边的那个好些。

(3)在一定范围内,表示其中的一个用one,表示另一个可用one 或another。如:

One boy was reading; one [another] was writing. 一个男孩在读书,另一个在写字。注意:若指两者中的一个和另一个,则用one…the other。

6.other, the other, others, the others

(1)带定冠词的the other, the others 表特指,而不带定冠词的other, others 表泛指。如:

Don’t cut in when others are talking. 别人说话时别插话。

Only Jim was there. The others had left. 只有吉姆在那儿,其余的人都离开了。

(2)other 和the other 后可修饰名词,也可单独使用;而others 和the others 则只能单独使用,不能修饰名词。

如可说the other people,但不能说the others people。

(3)other 和the other 既可表示单数也可表示复数,具体视它所表代替或修饰名词的单复数而定,而others 和the others 则永远表示复数。

(4)注意正确理解以下短语的意思:every other 每隔一……,其他的……都none other than 不是别的,正是…… no other than 不是别的,正是…… one after the other 一个接一个地,相继one from the other 分别,各别some . . . or other 某一个

other than 不同于,除了the other day 早几天,几天前

7.much 和many

much 修饰或指代不可数名词,many 修饰或指代可数名词(复数)。

His name is familiar to many people. 他的名字许多人熟悉。

The children have too much homework to do. 孩子们家庭作业太多。

【说明】many 的以下用法应需注意:

(1)a great many 许多(后接可数名词的复数)。

(2)many a 后接单数可数名词,相于many 后接复数名词,如many a time=many times(许多次)。

8.none 和no one

(1)none 后指人或物,其后通常接表示范围的of 短语;no one 通常只用于指人,不用于指物,且其后习惯上接表示范围的of 短语。

(2)no one 用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;none 用作主语时,若指不可数名词,谓语用单数,若指可数名词,则谓语可用单数(较正式)也可用复数(用于非正式文体,但更符合惯用法)。

No one [=Nobody] likes it. 没人喜欢它。

None of the books is [are] interesting. 没有一本书有趣。

(3)回答who 所提问题用one,回答how many / how much 所提出的问题用none。A:

How much money did you give her? 你给了她多少钱? B:None. 一分也没给。A:Who

went to see the film? 谁去看电影了? B:No one [Nobody]. 谁也没去。【说明】

以下几个短语,形式不同,意义大致相同:none but = no one but = nothing but = only=只有

9.few 和a few

(1)few 形式上肯定,意义上是否定,其意为“很少”、“几乎没有”;a few 表示肯定意义,其意为“几个”、“一些”。两者都必须修饰或代替复数可数名词,在句子中可用作主语、宾语、定语等。

Few apples remained on the tree.

树上没什么苹果了。

A few apples remained on the tree.

树上还剩有几个苹果。

(2)few 前若使用了定冠词、物主代词或其他限定词,则不表否定意义。

He was among the few who have read it. 他是少数读过它的人之一。

Her few possessions were sold after herdeath. 她那点儿财产死后就被卖掉了。【说明】

以下几个短语,形式不同,意义大致相同:quite a few=a good few=not a few=不少,相当多10. little 和a little

little 形式上肯定而意义上是否定,其意为“很少”、“几乎没有”;a little 表示肯定意义,其意为“一些”、“一点”。两者均只用于修饰不可数名词,在句子中可做主语、宾语、定语及状语等。

I have little spare time. 我很少有空余时间。I have a little spare time. 我有一点点空余时间。We know little about his life. 我们对他的生世几乎一无所知。We know a little about his life. 我们对他的生世知道一点点。注意:

不要弄错以下几个短语的意思:

what little=仅有的一点;a little=a little bit=少许,少量的;not a little 不少的,相当多的

11.复合不定代词

复合不定代词由some, any, every, no 与body, one, thing 构成,如somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something,

anything, everything, nothing 等。在具体使用时注意以下几点:

(1)含some 的复合不定代词与含any 的复合不定代词的区别与some 和any 的区别相似。

(2)复合代词后习惯上不接表示范围的of 短语,但分开写的any one, every one 等却可以接of 短语。如:

Every one of us agrees to stay. 我们每个人都同意留下。

(3)修饰复合不定代词的形容词必须置于其后。如:

Has anything special happened? 发生什么特别的事情了吗?

Can you see something red floating in the distance on the water? 你看见在远处有个什么红色的东西漂浮在水上吗?

(4)指代something, anything, nothing, everything 等指事的复合不定代词it,不用they;

指代someone, anyone, everyone, somebody, somebody, anybody, nobody 等指人的复合不定代词时可用单数he, him, his(较正式)也可用复数they, them, their(非正式)。如:

Everything went according to plan, didn’t it? 一切都是按计划进行,是吗?

Someone has left his [their] umbrella here. 有人把伞忘在这儿了。

someone (= somebody)与anyone (= anybody) 有时指:重要人物,要员。(5) 注意以下习语

anything but 决不nothing but 只有,仅仅

nothing else than 只不过,仅有nothing less than 不亚于,完全

nothing like 没有什么能比得上nothing more or less than 不多不少

nothing more than 仅仅something like 大约,有几分像

something of 有几分像something or other 某事物

12.i t 与one

It 与one 都可以替代文中出现过的名词。It 往往指上文出现过的同一事物,而one 则指代与前面事物同属一类的事物,并不是同一个事物。复数时,指代同样的东西用they,指代同一类并非同样的东西用ones。

I left my book in my drawer ,but today it is gone.

I can’t work out these problems.They are too difficult.

I don’t like this type of CD player.Could you show me a better one?

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At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!

八年级上不定代词的用法

Unit 1 Where did you go on your vocation? Section A (1a-2d) 教学目标;1,学生要学会关于假期旅行的常用词汇和句型,学会复合不定代词的用法。 2.交流旅行的话题,学会用一般过去式进行信息交流。 教学重点;能用所学的语言来交流假期去了哪里。 教学难点;学习复合不定代词someone anyone something anything 等的用法。 目标导学 1.What did you do last weekend ? ______________________________ 2.Where did you go on vocation? ______________________________ 自学自研 Task 1 ,Let’s read the new words and phrases. 1.Read the new words. 2.翻译下列短语。 (1) stay at home ____________ (2) go to New York city _______________ (3) go to summer camp __________________ (4) go with someone ________________ (5)买特殊的东西____________________ (6) meet someone interesting ___________________ (7)为考试学习___________________________ 语法不定代词 (1)不明确指代某些人、某个事物的代词叫做不定代词。指人的不定代词有:everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one. 指物的不定代词有:everything, something, anything, nothing, none (2)不定代词做主语的时候视为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。不定代词不能与of 短语连用。例如: Nothing is impossible .(一切皆有可能)。注意:none 可以与of 连 用。例如:None of us will go there .我们都不会去那里。 (3)修饰不定代词的形容词要放在不定代词的后边。例如:I want to tell you something important.我想告诉你一些重要的事。 (4)不定代词之间可以进行句型转换。 例如 There is nothing new.=There isn’t anything new. Did you buy anything special 其中 anything 是复合不定代词。 复合不定代词的用法; (1)带some 的复和不定代词常用语肯定句当中;带any 的复合不定代词常用于否定句和疑问句当中。 (2)当形容词修饰不定代词的时候,应放在其后面。如something special (一些特别的东西) (3)复合不定代词做主语时,都做单数看待,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 练习; (1)我想吃点东西。I’d like _______to eat. (2)今天有人给我打电话吗? Did ________ call me today ? (3) Did you eat _________ _________.(好吃的东西) (4) Something ____(be)wrong with my watch. 知识延伸; 复合不定代词有; 某人 someone 任何人 anyone 没有人 no one 每人 everyone 某事 something 任何事 anything 没有东西 nothing 一切 everything Task 2 Listening and finish 1b 2a 2b. Task 3 Make conversations A:Where did you go on your vocation? B:I went to New York city (纽约城) A:Oh really? Did you go with anyone? B:Yes,I went with my friends(我的朋友) A;Did you buy anything special(特别的东西) B:Yes ,I bought something for my mother . 小组内进行对话的演练 小组内编对话 并复述对话

初中英语9类代词用法汇总及例句

初中英语9类代词用法汇总及例句 代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等。 I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?) Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?) It’s he!(是他!) (2)宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) Help me!(救救我!) We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) (3)人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。 –It’s I/me.(是我。) (4)三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he →I”的顺序表达。 Both he and I are working at that computer company. (我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我) (5)人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。 --What’s the time?(几点啦?)

–It’s 12:00.(12点) It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) It took him three days to clean his house. .(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间) It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space (很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) Is that your umbrella? (那是你的伞吗?) I often go to see my aunt on Sundays. (我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) They are their books.(是他们的书) (2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。 This is your cup,but where is mine? (这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿?) Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. (你们的教室很大,我们的相当小) (3)“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。 A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. (我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) My friend came to see me yesterday. (我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 3、反身代词:表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。

初中英语语法 不定代词 讲义

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不定代词用法总结 1) some, any的用法 some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some 表示“几个;一些;部分”,多用于肯定句;而any表示“一些;什么;任何;”,对用于否定句或疑问句中。如: * He asked me some questions. (他问了我几个问题。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office? (这个邮局里有邮票吗?) * I didn’t have any cigarettes, so I went out to buy some. (我没有香烟了,所以出去买了一些。) 2) 复合不定代词的用法 a. 不定代词some, any, no与-one, -body, -thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是: someone anyone no one somebody anybody nobody something anything nothing 这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。 b. 因为some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句或疑问句,no表示完全否定, 因此由some, any, no与-one, -body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。 c. 第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只用于表示人,它们的形式是单数形式, 但有时可以用they或them指代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking? (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗?) d. 第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。如: * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He looked at me and didn’t say anything. * Nothing can be done to save her life. e. 这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰,形容词必须后置。如: * Somebody important has arrived, I’m sure. (important修饰somebody) 3) none 与no one 的用法区别 None和no one 都表示“三者或者三者以上的另一个”,但是用法不一样。

不定代词的用法

不定代词用法归纳 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, a ny, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等,以及由some, any, no 和every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词none 以及由some, an y, no 和every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而no 和every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither),有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every),注意不要弄混: Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子,都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用eac h,不能用every。如不能说There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, ever ything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和anything, anyone等的区别与some 和any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点: 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面: There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their: Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]? 人人都知道这一点,不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用it,而不用they: Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了,是吗? 4.anyone, everyone 等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接of 短语,可用any one, every one (分开写): any one of the boys (books) 孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本) every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校) 四、是any not 还是not any 按英语习惯,any 以及含有any的复合不定代词用于否定句时,它只能出现在否定词之后,而不能在否定词之前: 误:Any one doesn’t know how to do it. 正:No one knows how to do it. 任何人都不知道如何做它。 误:Anybody [Anyone] cannot do it.

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