书面表达与词汇减少部分
英语教学中书面表达存在的问题及对策
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义词 等 ） 。 ２依 托教 材 内容 ， 视语 法 教学 重
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了兴趣 。
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间会 话 基本 不用 英语 。 上 家长 的文 化普 遍 很低 ， 加 学校 教 学 条件 差 ， 没有现 代 电教设施 ， 学生缺 乏学 习英 语 的 良好环 境 。
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能力 。 首 先在 课 堂上 把词 汇 学 习寓 于课 文整 体 教学 中。孤立 地 学 习单词 是机 械记 忆 ， 易遗 忘 ， 致在语 境 中不易 理解 ， 容 导 很难 运用 。如果 遵循 “ 不离 句 ， 不 离文 ， 词 句 文不 离法 ” 的原 则， 把词汇 放在 句子 、 语篇只 去理 解 ， 能达 到 学 以致 用和全 就 面掌 握 的 目的 。这 对英 语 写作 是 一大 帮助 。其 次 根据 语音
2018年中考英语评卷—书面表达、词汇评卷工作总结
2018年中考英语评卷—书面表达评卷工作总结海口市金盘实验学校亲爱的各位老师，各位英语评卷大家庭的家人们，大家下午好。
我是第三题组的张婧，来自海口市金盘实验学校，很荣幸能代表第三题组做汇报。
今天上午完成试卷评阅任务后，我们第三题组的老师齐聚一堂，针对2018年中考英语试卷和本次评卷工作进行了讨论。
其中，很多老师的发言给了我们很多启发。
现在，我把我们的看法和反思分享给大家。
首先，对本次评卷工作的组织与管理，老师给与了很高的评价，认为组织管理井然有序，应急处理及时有效，细节处充满人文关怀。
对各位关心我们的领导和后勤保障人员，我们充满感激。
下面，我将从试题评价，学生存在问题和对教学的反思与建议三个方面进行汇报。
一、试题评价对于2018年中考英语试卷，老师们也进行了仔细的研讨，尤其是我们负责阅卷的书面表达部分。
2018年的海南省中考英语书面表达以第十届海南省“书香节”为背景，以“I l ike reading”为主题写一篇征文，词数不少于80词。
本次重点考查了考生运用语言知识、有逻辑地表述思维过程并在主题语境中恰当说事的能力。
在改卷的过程中，通过学习试卷和评分细则，以及批阅学生试卷，反思如下：1．对书面表达试题的评价（1）延续开放性，彰显核心素养2018年的书面表达题目延续了近几年思维导图类题目的特点，通过读书四个方面的提示内容，设置了半开放的情境，一方面给与学生搭建了脚手架，让不同程度的学生有话可说，有句可写；另一方面，减少了对学生思维的限制，从语言能力、思维品质、文化品格等多维度考察学生的综合能力。
（2）体现教育性，凸显兼容、个性试题在设计上融入了“书香海南”“书香校园”的倡议，注重对考生情感态度价值观的正向引导，坚持立德树人、育人为本，考生的答题过程就是一次潜移默化的接受人文熏陶的过程。
同时，考题密切关注了考生的生活背景，个体经历和思维习惯的不同，给各层次的考生搭建了一个展示自我的平台。
让不同水平、不同层次的考生从多角度思考问题，展现个性。
英语书面表达指导(词法与句法)
三、变换词汇，减少重复.
写作时的一大忌就是多次出现同一个词汇。其实一个 意思可以有多种不同的表达方式，我们不妨使用多样的词 汇来替换。 例如： 1. Different opinions lead to different ways.
创新表达： This dress is much to my taste.
二、婉转表达，弯道超车。
学会灵活替换词汇，运用婉转的方式来表达同样的意思，达到 曲径通幽的效果。例如： 1.通俗表达： He fully understood th表达：He produced an excellent insight into the meaning of this story. 2. 通俗表达：You made me realize the importance of study.
The teacher spoke highly of Mike. 3. I don’t know how to improve my article.
I don’t know how to polish up my article.
I ‘m afraid this article needs polishing up before we print it
五、积累新词，减少老词的使用.
在写作中我们应尽量使用新词，即我们高中阶段， 甚至是高三才碰到的词。重复使用初中或小学时学的初 级词汇会使你的分数大打折扣。 例如： 1. In China, many young people are eager to buy a house. 可替换为：In China, many young people are anxious to purchase a house. 2. Your performance is perfect. 可替换为：Your performance is incredible.
【初中英语】2023年中考英语书面表达预测及范文(16篇)
【初中英语】2023年中考英语书面表达预测及范文（16篇）（一）上周你去你市科技馆进行了参观,你对“未来机器人与人类生活”主题展厅的一款家庭医生机器人很感兴趣,你打算在本周英语课的duty report(值日生报告)上向你班同学介绍它。
请你根据下面的要点提示写一篇短文做准备。
内容提示：1.外观：像一位可爱的女孩；高1.2米；2.材料：再生材料(recycled material),如玻璃、塑料(plastic)等；3.功能：在健康方面提建议；治疗普通的疾病；照顾老人和孩子。
要求：1.内容应包括所有的要点提示,可适当发挥；2.语言表达要准确,语句要通顺、连贯；3.不少于100词。
开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Last week, I went to the science and technology museum.【范文赏析】Last week,I went to the science and technology museum.I was greatly interested in a new kind of robot Home Doctor.Home Doctor was invented two months ago.And it was invented by three young men.It looks like a lovely girl,and it is about 1.2 meters tall.It is made from recycled materials,like glass and plastic.Home Doctor can not only give people lots of advice on health,but also treat common diseases at home.It will save people a lot of time,because they needn't go to thehospital whenever they feel sick or get hurt.What's more,it can help take good care of the old people and babies at home.I believe Home Doctor will be very popular with people in the future.（二）心理学专家Mr. Jones接受你校学生会的邀请,将在星期五下午三点半来你校做题为“What Should You Do When You Are Upset”的讲座。
2020届 二轮复习书面表达中如何使用高级复杂词汇来添光彩
2020 届二轮复习书面表达中如何使用高级复杂词汇来添光彩考生写作时要恰当地使用一些大多数考生可能想不到的词汇，或多使用短语、习语来代替一些单词，以提高文章的得分档次。
类型一名词1．old people →the elderly/senior citizens 老人As is known to us,it is a fine tradition for us Chinese to show respect for senior citizens .2．a way to →an appro ach to 做某事的方法We should adopt an appropriate approach to dealing with the problem.3．all kinds of →a variety of/various/a wider range of 各种各样的Inadditionto these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choicessuchastravelling and visiting our relativesor friends.In addition,it does benefit you if you participate in a variety of afterclass activities.4．prize→reward 奖赏A 1， 000 yuan reward has been offered for the return of the stolen painting.类型二形容词、副词1．hard/difficult →tough/challenging 困难的Expertsthink that it is tough for humanbeingsto live on the Mars, because they will face the bitter cold weather, loneliness and fear.2 ．good → rewarding/worthwhile/beneficial/of great benefit 有益的What's more, riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health.3．very→more than 非常I'm more than delighted to receive your letter and know that you've been admitted to the University of Cambridge.4．bad→terrible/awful 糟糕的Asfar asI know ， the travelers experienced an awful risk in the forest.5．glad→pleased/delighted/cheerful/joyful 高兴的I'mmore than delighted to learnthat some of usstudentswill have an opportunity to study in the U ． K . as exchange students for two months.6．common →familia r 熟悉的Having lived in Shanghai for 20years,I am familiar with every corner of the city.7．free→available 有空的I'd appreciate it if you can take my suggestions into account when you are available .8．often→regularly/frequently 经常的I keep in touch with my parents regularly after I leave them.9．be active in →get actively involved in 积极参与It really benefited me a lot to get actively involved in English Corner after class.10．be busy with →be absorbed in/be occupied wit h 忙于A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in thewall and he was absorbed in his reading.11．honestly →to be honest 诚实地说To be honest, I also find that I still have some bad learning habits.12．important →of vital/great importance 重要的However,I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time,which was of vital importance for me.That was a very good opportunity for me to improve my Englishand know more about the environmental protectionwhich is of great importance to us human beings.13．necessary →a must 必须I amChinese, whichmeansMandarinis a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.14．possibly →wh enever possible 可能地I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible .15．properly →in plac e 合适地Firstly, I collected all the books, newspapers and otherthings scattered in the rooms and put them in place .16．quickly →without delay 迅速地I am sorry that I didn't reply without delay .17．sorry→upset 难过What impressed me most was that I failed in an English exam,feeling extremely upset and disappointed.18．proper →appropriat e 合适的With such a technique,examiners are able to provide various suggestions on appropriate ways of exercise for examinees.19．actually →as a matter of fact 事实上As a matter of fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in using the shared bikes.20．be able to do →be capable of do ing 能够做In this way, youwill be capable of communicating withother students easily.类型三动词及动词短语1．realize →raise one's awareness of 意识到Meanwhile,I will also organize some activities between universities,such as holding English debates and speeches, through which we can raise students' awareness of competition.2．affect/work →make a difference 有影响；起作用If everyone does one thing for our school, I believe it will make a big difference and that we will turn our school into a better place to study and live in.3．attract →appeal t o 吸引In addition,the scenery here will also appeal to you.4．be coming →be approaching/be around the corner 到来With the winter vacation approaching, I intend to find a parttime job during this period of time.5．consider →take sth. into account/consideration 考虑I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration . Looking forward to your approval.6．decide→make a decision 决定But after a deep thinking I made a decision that I shouldaccept the offer.7．deliver →give away 分发That weekend,we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave the gifts away to the people there.8．master→have a good command of 掌握I have a good command of English,which enables me to communicate with foreign friends well.9．expect→look forward to 盼望I am looking forward to your earliest reply.10．improve →make great progress 取得进步Speaking and listening are very important for a language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress .11．finish→accomplish 完成We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.12．laugh loud →burst into laughter 大笑Hearing this,the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate's face turned red.13．lead to →result in 导致Ina sense, the generationgap isa signof social progress,but it also results in difficulties in communication.14．leave school →drop out of school 辍学After class,I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadn't beenhelped by others.15．use→make use of/take advantage of 利用I will make full use of this opportunity to practise my speaking skills and get more experience.(2018 · 6 月浙江高考应用文写作)With the final examination approaching ， we must take full advantage of every minute to go over our lessons.16．praise →sing high praise for 表扬Much to my delight, Michael sang high praise for my great achievements before my classmates.17．reach→live up to 达到I amsure that I canperfectly live up to your expectations.18．remember →keep/bear in mind 记住First of all,bear/keep in mind that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time.( 2018 ·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)19．represent →on behalf of 代表Asthe president of the Student Union, I want to talk withyou about the donation of books on behalf of my school.20．show→reflect 显示，反映It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.21．succeed →achieve one's academic goals 成功Personally,I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals .22．try→make more effort/spare no effort 尽力We should spare no effort(s) to beautify our environment.23．understand →have a better understanding of/figureout 理解Thanksto your generoushelp, I do believe that I willhave a better understanding of your country and culture.24．like→have a taste for/be fond of/be crazy about喜欢As far as I know,the gifted boy has a taste for music.25．welcome sb. →give sb. a warm welcome 欢迎When the craftsman came into the classroom,we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box.26．overcome →get ove r 克服Michael encouraged me to get over trouble bravely and confidently.27．be→serve as 充当From thisexperience I have learnt that questioning canserve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.28．succeed →make it 成功Only when you do more reading and writing can you make it in improving your English.29．value→attach importance to 重视We will also attach importance to reading and writing when learning Chinese.30．give up →sacrifice 放弃I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group benefit.31．start→throw oneself into 开始，投身We hope that withyour help, all people throw themselves into caring for the fate of Yangtze Finless Porpoises.32．help→lend a helping hand/do sb. a favour 帮助Successfully,I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which have been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I also want you to do me a favour .33．want→have an idea of 想要Most of my classmateswanted to go to a park while Ihad an idea of going to a nicer place.34．should →be supposed to 应该Everyone is supposed to put forward some suggestionson how to improve our environment at the meeting.35．refuse to listen to →turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻Asfar asI know, it iswrong of usto turn a deaf ear to our parents' good suggestions.36．ask sb. for help →turnto sb. for help /seek help from sb. 向某人求助Since youhave some trouble inlearning English ，why not turn to him for help?37．get→gain(experience)From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden my horizons but also gained valuable experience.38．make sb. do sth. → enable sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事The old man donated a lot of money to the school, enabling the students to return to their classroom.39．want to do sth. →have a strong desire to do sth. 想要做某事Sometimes,it's necessary to compromise with your friends when you have a strong desire to keep the friendship.40．visit→pay a visit to 参观No wonder that so many tourists pay a visit to thedinosaur theme park every day.类型四衔接及其他1．first→to start with /to beginwith /inthe first place 首先To begin with, these are the traditional customs in the Dragon Boat Festivals,which is celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan.2．besides →what's more/in addition/furthermore 此外What's more, I consider it a gold chance to enjoy the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food here and there.3．I believe →I hold the firm belief that ... 我相信I hold the firm belief that we will succeed in preventingthe situation from getting worse.4．when/while you are in China →during your stay in China 你在中国期间You can go travelling to enjoy the beautiful scenery as well as the new looks of the villages and towns during your stay in China .5．be for→be in favor of 同意However, others are in favor of the inclusionbecause it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language.6．It is accepted that →It's acknowledged that 大家公认，认可……It's widely acknowledged that we master English by practising it.7．be popular with → en joy great popularity 受到欢迎As one of the traditional Chinese festivals,it has been enjoying great popularity in our country.8．be the hope of →shoulder the hope of 肩负着希望It showsa commonphenomenonnowadaysthat children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.9．write anything about it →write anything relevant 写有关的事You can write anything relevant so long as it's interesting.10．many→a large number of 许多I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that Ilove reading and I own a large number of books.类型五常用高频词块1．devote oneself/one's life to 献身于，致力于The villagersall show respect for the old manbecause he has devoted all his life to the education in the remotemountain village.2．sign up for 报名参加Youcango to your monitor to sign up for the competition before April 20th.3．provide sb. withsth. /provide sth. for sb. 给某人提供……The majority of students believe that part time jobswill provide them with more opportunities to develop their communication skills.4．lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.5．witnessed/see 目睹、见证①The first few years in the 21st century has witnessed the rapid rise of China as a world economic power.②The year 2019 saw a sharp increase in the number o f overseas travelers compared with the year 2018.6．be addicted to 痴迷于Many students are addicted to playing video gamesand can't concentrate on their studies,which has become the focus of media attention.7．take on a new look 呈现新的面貌In recent years,with the rapid development of economy, my hometown has taken on a new look .8．enrich one's life/enrich the life of sb. 丰富某人的生活The aim of the activities is to enrich the lives of foreign students.9．take an active part in 积极参加I take an active part in variousactivitiesin and outside my school and have been able to keep a really good relationship with those around me.10．broaden our horizons 开拓视野Furthermore, it is helpful to broaden our horizons and improve our understanding of the world.11．be faced with 面对Faced with difficulties, they never give up and try theirbest to find a way out.12．be used to/be accustomed to 习惯于Accustomed to the climate in the countryside,the old couple prefer not to move to the city.13．be located in/on 坐落于Firstly,citizens will have easy access to it because Shanghai Museum is located in the center of the city.14．put/lay/place emphasis on 强调Whenit comesto how to learnEnglisheffectively, I thinkwe should put emphasis on reading as well as grammar.15．both physically and mentally 身心Not only doessmoking waste your time and money, but italso does harm to your health both physically and mentally .16．on the decrease/increase 在减少/增加Inour school the number of studentswho are addicted to computer games is on the decrease .17．rank first/get the first place 第一Last year, I got the first place in the English composition/contest in West District,Beijing.18．English speech contest/competition 英语演讲比赛I amglad to tell youthat I will go to Beijing to take part inan English speech contest/competition in July.19．work out 锻炼As far as stress is concerned,I suggest you work out regularly.20．work out a plan 制定计划You had better work out a practical and specific plan, according to which you can manage your time more efficiently.21．leave/make a good /deep impression on sb. 给某人留下好的/深的印象So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad.。
英语书面表达基础必备
1.小明随父亲打工进城；
2.小明到一所中学继续读书；
3.在学习上不明遇到一些困难；
4.同学们想办法帮助他，使他克服了困难，取得了进步。
「参考范文」
Xiaoming‘s father found a job in the city，and Xiaotning had to go there with him. He went on with his study in a middle school，but he began to have some problems in his study. Happily for him，his new classmates were very kind and tried to help him in different ways. Soon Xiaoming solved all the problems and did better and better in all the subjects.
英语书面表达题的必备基础
书面表达是每年中考必考题型，这类题主要是考查考生英语知识的综合运用能力和交际能力。中考书面表达的要求一般是根据所提供的情景写一篇60至80词的短文，提供情景的方式有纯汉字提示、图画图表或表格加少量文字提示。中考写面表达的体裁一般为记叙文和应用文，特别是书信、日记、通知、留言、假条等实用性文体，其题材都与考生的生活或学习息息相关，为考生所熟悉。考生所写的短文都必须要点完整，紧扣主题，文理通顺，语言准确得当，格式正确，无大、小写和拼写错误，标点符号正确，能达到交际目的。突破书面表达，考生需具体以下几个方面的基础：
2.对于应用文写作一定要仔细阅读写作要求、所给的提示、文字说明等材料，确定写作的文体和格式；根据提供的写作材料，确立主题，列出要点；根据要点运用所掌握的英语词语和知识把要点适当展开，用自己最熟悉最有把握的句型和词汇来表达。尽可能地用多样化的句子结构和句型，使语言丰富、流畅。
书面表达高级词汇的使用
请使用高级词汇提升下面考生作文 [平庸作文]
On the Way to School These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment. Changing this situation ① needs considerable effort on the part of everyone. As for me, it should start on my way to school.
Ⅰ.请用高级词汇改写下列句子 1．I can no longer bear the way he speaks to us.
→I can no longer put up with the way he speaks to us. 2．He didn't listen to what I said in the class. →He turned a deaf ear to what I said in the class.
3．We all have the same chance. →We all possess the same chance.
4．His wife came back home after the advanced training class, feeling very tired . →His wife came back home after the advanced training class, feeling very exhausted .
you want .(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
高中英语书面表达中存在的问题及解决办法
高中英语书面表达中存在的问题及解决办法摘要：书面表达在英语学习中起着非常重要的作用，是整个英语试题的重要组成部分。
但书面表达却是不少学生最薄弱的环节，本文分析了学生在书面表达中存在的一些普遍问题并提出了解决这些问题的对策。
关键词：书面表达；问题；解决方法作者简介：曹辉，任教于江苏省宝应县画川高级中学。
一、学生在书面表达中存在的问题1.人称错误人称错误在书面表达中算是大错，部分学生会因为审题不清而造成失分较多。
以下面练习为例：如果你是一名高三学生，经常为看电视的事跟妈妈闹意见，今天你和妈妈意见达成一致。
请根据以下表格的内容，以an agreement为题写一篇150字左右的英语短文。
注意：（1）短文的开头已给出，不记入总词数。
(2)要包括表格中的内容，但不要逐句翻译。
（3）可以适当增添合乎情理的过渡性语言。
这篇文章看似简单，但在改卷子的时候发现，不少同学是以his son 的口吻写，没有仔细审清题中“如果你是一名高三学生，经常为看电视的事跟妈妈闹意见，今天你和妈妈意见达成一致”的条件需要按照第一人称的形式写。
2.时态、语态错误时态、语态错误是学生在书面表达中经常会犯的错误，如“In the past 20 years, 50,000 students were sent to more than 100 countries. He found that a bag of cornwas stolen from his house.”等。
这些错误主要是因为学生考虑不到动作发生的先后顺序及动作执行者与被执行者的关系等等。
3.句子结构错误句子结构错误主要表现在以下几方面：（1）不遵循英语句式，按汉语思维或习惯拼凑中国式英语。
例如：They think learn English should from childhood.（2）谓语动词错误，经常在一个句子中出现两个或两个以上谓语或者缺少谓语动词。
例如：There are many people study English.(there be 句型就是一个典型的多谓语的句子)。
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书面表达与词汇减少部分书面表达第一节：英语应用文写作虽然难度不大，但对中学生来说不一定很容易，很多学生缺乏真实生活体验，没有做事经历或经验，不擅长交际性强的应用文写作。
而且，之前练习的都是议论性的开放作文，从语言储备上，对应用文写作储备不足。
在下一阶段的复习应该帮助学生系统复习应用文写法和常见表达法或句式的使用。
第一类：书信书信的种类非常多，如：感谢信、邀请信、道歉信、申请信、祝贺信、慰问信、投诉信、咨询信等。
虽都是书信，写作时宏观框架有相似性，但具体起来，每种书信的写作都是有一定差异的。
学生需要了解各种书信的写法，并做一定语言储备。
另外关注：求助信、建议信、介绍信（介绍地点、文化）等。
感谢信感谢信通常包括如下内容：一是对对方的馈赠、帮助、关心和邀请等表示由衷的感谢，二是说明对方的馈赠、帮助、关心和邀请等所起的作用和对自己的意义，三是表示希望日后有机会定当答谢对方，并在结尾再次致谢。
感谢信常用句型1. Thank you very much for…2. Many thanks for your…3. Please accept my sincere appreciation for×××4. I am truly grateful to you for×××邀请信邀请信一般是邀请他人参加聚会、共度假期或访问家乡等；建立密切联系，加强感情交流；拓展相关内容，激发他人兴趣。
第一部分：说明写作目的1. It is with the greatest pleasure that I write to cordially invite you to …2. It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to …3. We should be very grateful if you could …第二部分：说明事由及活动地点和时间1. Will you and Mrs. Smith give the pleasure of dining with us at the Beijing Hotel on Sunday, October the tenth, at eight o’clock?2. I hope that you have no previous engagement and can join us for the English Evening at 7:00pm on February 1st.第三部分：表示期待和感谢1. I do hope that you will be able to come.2. We should be very pleased if you could honor us with your company.道歉信日常生活中难免会出现一些差错，如失约、损坏东西等。
遇到这种情形，应及时写信致歉，以消除不必要的误解，维系正常的关系。
道歉信除应及时写之外，还必须写得诚恳，歉意应发自内心，决不可敷衍塞责。
再则，事情原委要解释清楚，措辞应当委婉贴切。
常见句型：I am excessively sorry to say/tell you that…I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret…Please accept my sincere apology…I hope you will understand me and excuse me for…申请信申请信的称呼要得当。
申请信要简单明了，常分开场白（opener）、正文（body）和结尾（close）三个部分。
开场白不用客套话，应开门见山，说明你的写信原因、兴趣等。
注意如系求职信，正文应强调自己的学历和工作经历。
如系申请其他事项，应着重说明理由。
如系求职信，结尾段应表示希望参加面试；如系申请其他事项，结尾应提请关注和早日办理。
第一部分：说明写信的目的1. I am writing to apply for the post of … advertised in …2. I would like to apply for admission to your college.第二部分：介绍详情1. My major interest are…, and I understand your university has a good program in those fields.2. Born in…in…I graduated from…University majoring in…I have been working in…since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.第三部分：说明申请的原因1. I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position of …advertisedin the newspaper.2. Under the influence of the courses I have taken, I have developed a special interest inRestaurant and Hotel Management.第四部分：恳请对方考虑自己的申请，并表示谢意，期望回复1. Your prompt response will be much appreciated.2. I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualifications more fully.祝贺信在重大节日要写祝贺信，当亲友晋升、考试成功、毕业、获得工作、新业开张以及获奖等等，也要写祝贺信。
这类书信只需寥寥数语，但用词必须亲切有礼，表达出真诚的喜悦。
常用句型1. With very best wishes for a happy New year!2. May you come into a good fortune!3. Wishing you peace, joy and happiness through Christmas and the coming year.4. Best wishes for a happy birthday and a year of good luck, good health and happiness.5. Best wishes and hope you will have nothing but joy and happiness in your life together.6. Congratulations on your success in the national college entrance examination.7. Allow me to offer my heartiest congratulations on your new job.8. Congratulations on your recent promotion. I know that you will make good in your new job because you thrive on responsibility.慰问信慰问信要情感真挚、严肃庄严、措辞贴切、行文简洁。
除对遭遇不幸的亲友表示同情和安慰。
常用句型1. 表示“惊悉……”：I’m very sorry to hear of…I’m very sorry to hear that…I regret to hear…I’m much grieved to hear…I’m deeply distressed to hear…I’m shocked to hear…It was a profound shock to hear the tragic news.It is with great concern that I hear of…It is with great anxiety that I hear of…I cannot tell you how sad I felt when I was told…2. 表示“如果用我之处，请别犹豫”：If you want me to do anything, do not hesitate to let me know.If I can be of any assistance to you, I hope you will let me know at once.I would be delighted to serve you to best of my ability.I shall be delighted if I can do anything for You.3. 表示愿望I hope that by the time this letter reaches you, you’ll be feeling much better.Wish you speedy recovery.We hope you will have a speedy quick recovery.I know you will be strong and brave for the sake of the childrenMay you rest in place, my old friend!投诉信（抱怨信）提出抱怨并表示遗憾1. I am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a serious complaint.2. I am sorry to tell you that there should be cause to complain about …指出问题引起的后果1. The noise disturbs my sleep so tha t I can’t concentrate on my work during the work time, and asa result, I have made several mistakes these days.2. For me this environment is very difficult to make studies and I need a quiet room.提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施1. I think it’s high time that you realized ….2 .I must warn you that unless you do something about the situation, I will be forced to take legal action.咨询信说明写信的目的1. I am a …and planning to study in your university this summer.2. I’m writing to ask if …介绍背景1. I am writing at the suggestion of a friend who graduated from your university last year and has warmly recommended it to me.2. I have had a bachelor’s degree in biology and wish to continue my study at your university.询问详情I would be much obliged to you if you let me know the procedures I have to go through.表示谢意，期盼回复1. Sorry to bother you, your kind help would be greatly appreciated.2. I will appreciate it very much if you can give me a reply.第二类：电子邮件电子邮件可以算是书信的另外一种形式，通过网络和电子邮箱发信件。