生化中英对照单词
常见生化项目方法学中英文对照
Analyte项目缩写项目名称methods方法学Protein Total PT总蛋白Biuret reaction end point双缩脲反应终点法Biuret reaction kinetic双缩脲反应动力学法Biuret reaction，CX4/5/7缩二脲反应，贝克曼CX4/5/7法Albumin ALB白蛋白Bromocresol Green溴甲酚绿法Bromocresol Purple溴甲酚紫Nephelometric Assays散射比浊分析法Turbidimetric透射比浊分析法Prealbumin PA前白蛋白Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Ischemia modifiedalbumin IMA缺血修饰白蛋白Albumin-Ancient combined withexperimental method白蛋白-古结合实验法Retinol BindingProtein RBP视黄醇结合蛋白Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Ferritin FER铁蛋白Chemiluminescence化学发光法ELSIA ELSIAEnzyme lmmunoassay(Non IFCC Cal.）酶联免疫法(非IFCC Cal.）Immunofluorescence免疫荧光分析法Nephelometric散射比浊法Plarisation Fluoroimmunoassay极化荧光免疫分析法Radial Immunodiffusion放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Chemiluminescence(IFCC Cal.)化学发光法(IFCC Cal.) Chemiluminescence(Non IFCC Cal.)化学发光法(非IFCC Cal.)Transferrin TRF转铁蛋白ELISA ELISA法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊分析法Radial Immunodiffusion Assays放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric Assays比浊法Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)AFP AFP甲胎蛋白Chemiluminescence化学发光法Enzyme lmmunoassay酶联免疫法Immunofluorescence免疫荧光分析法Polarisation Fluoroimmunoassay极化荧光免疫分析法Turbidimetric透射比浊法hsCRP/C-Reactive HS-CRP超敏-C反Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Protein应蛋白Mitsubushi Chemical Pathfast 日本三菱Pathfast化学发光免疫分析系统vitros250、500、700干化学VITROS250、500、700 Nephelometric散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Radial Immunodiffusion放射免疫扩散分析法Vitros(IFCC Cal.)强生免疫分析系统Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Glucose GLU葡萄糖Hexokinase己糖激酶法Glucose dehydrogenase葡萄糖脱氢酶法Glucose oxidase葡萄糖氧化酶法GOD/02-Beckman method Beckman模式，氧化酶法Oxygen electrode氧电极法Glycated hemoglobin HbA1c糖化血红蛋白A1Enzymatic酶法GlycatedAlbuminGA/GSP糖化白蛋白Enzymatic（KAOD-POD）酶法（糖化氨基氧化酶-过氧化物酶）Total BileAcidsTBA总胆汁酸Enzymatic Colorimetric酶法（循环酶法）Homocysteine HCY 同型半胱氨酸Siemens Advia Centaur西门子拜耳化学发光免疫分析系统Enzymatic酶法Siemens Immulite2000西门子Immulite2000化学分析仪Lactate LAC乳酸Colorimetric Lactate Oxidase乳酸氧化酶比色法Sialic acid SA唾液酸Enzymatic 酶法（N-乙酰神经氨酸醛缩酶-乳酸脱氢酶）BilirubinTotal TB-VA总胆红素Diazo with Dichloroaniline(DCA)（DCA法）二氯苯胺重氮盐法、DPD法Vanadate oxidation method钒酸盐氧化法Bilirubin oxidase酶法Diazo with sulfanilic acid重氮基对氨基苯磺酸法Bilirubin Direct DB-VA直接胆红素Diazo with Dichloroaniline(DCA)（DCA法）二氯苯胺重氮盐法、DPD法Bilirubin oxidase酶法Vanadate oxidation method钒酸盐氧化法Diazo with sulfanilic acid重氮基对氨基苯磺酸法Vitros conjugared from BUBC Vitros BUBC偶合法Roche JG factored Roche JG因子法Cholesterol TC总胆固醇Cholesterol Oxidase(CHOD-PAP)胆固醇过氧化酶法Dimension-Dade Behring Dade Behring试剂法Triglycerides TG甘油三酯Lipase/GPO-PAP no correction脂肪酶/甘油磷酸脂氧化酶-过氧化物酶比色无甘油校正Lipase/GK UV no correction脂肪酶/葡萄糖激酶-脲酶比色法无甘油校正Lipase/GPO-PAP‘free glycerol blank’脂肪酶/甘油磷酸脂氧化酶-过氧化物酶比色去甘油空白L/G KinaseEP.correction脂肪酶/甘油激酶，无甘油校正L/G KinaseEP.‘freeglycerol blank’脂肪酶/甘油激酶，去甘油空白L/G KinaseEP.with10g/dl correction 脂肪酶/甘油激酶紫外法，10g/dl甘油校正法Lipase/Glycerol Dehydrogenase脂肪酶/甘油脱氢酶法Bicarbonate CO2二氧化碳Enzymatic酶法Manometric压力计法Colorimetric比色法Differential rate pH change pH值变化速率法In selective electrode离子选择电极法(ISE)Urea UREA尿素Urease kinetic（UV-GLDH）尿素酶动力学法（谷氨酸脱氢酶）BUN尿素氮（分子量不一样）Beckman-Conductivity Beckman-Conductivity法Urease，conductivity尿素酶conductivity法Urease，hypochlorite尿素酶，次氯酸盐法Urease,end point尿素酶，终点法Uric Acid (Urate)UA尿酸Uricase peroxidase noascorbate oxidase尿酸酶-过氧化物酶法不含抗坏血酸氧化酶Enzyme coupling酶偶联法uricase perox withascorb.ox@546nm546nm尿酸酶-过氧化物酶法含有抗坏血酸氧化酶Uricase，methods还原法Uricase catalase340nm尿酸酶，过氧化氢酶，340nmUricase peroxidase withascorbate oxidase尿酸酶-过氧化物酶法含抗坏血酸氧化酶Creatinine CREA肌酐Alkaline picrate nodeproteinization苦味酸法不去蛋白Roche Creatinine Plus罗氏肌酐plus法Jaffe rate blanked碱性苦味酸空白速率法Jaffe rate blankedcomp.(-26µmol/l)碱性苦味酸空白速率补偿法(-26µmol/l)Jaffe rate blanked compensated(-18µmol/l)碱性苦味酸空白速率补偿法(-18µmol/l)IDMS traceable同位素稀释质谱法Creatinine PAP method肌酐PAP法Randox Enzymatic UV method朗道脲酶UV法Cystatin CYS-C光抑素-C Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊法Latex enhancedturbidimetric method胶乳增强免疫比浊法Beta2 microglobulin B2-MGB2-微球蛋白Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.) Randox Immunoturbidimetric朗道免疫比浊法Calcium Ca血清钙Cresolphthalein complexone甲酚酞氨缩洛合剂法Ion selective electrode离子选择电机（ISE）法Arsenazo III偶氮胂III法Methylthymol blue甲基百里酚蓝法Phosphate Inorganic P无机磷Phosphomolybdate UV磷钼酸盐VU法Phosphomolybdate Enzymatic磷钼酸盐酶法Potassium K血清钾ISE method-direct直接离子选择电极法ISE method-indirect间接离子选择电极法Enzymatic酶法Flame photometry火焰分光光度法Sodium Na血清钠ISE method-direct直接离子选择电极法ISE method-indirect间接离子选择电极法Enzymatic酶法Flame photometry火焰分光光度法Colorimetric with ppt比色法（含ppt）Colorimetric without ppt比色法（不含ppt）Iron Fe铁Colorimetric with ppt.比色法（含ppt）Colorimetric without ppt比色法（不含ppt）zinc Zn锌Atomic absorptio原子吸收法Colorimetric withdeproteinisation比色法，去蛋白法Magnesium Mg镁Arsenazo III偶氮胂III法Calmagite Calmagite（钙镁）双试剂法Methylthymol blue甲基麝香草酚蓝法Chlorphosphonazo III氨基磷氮化合物III法xylidyl blue二甲苯胺蓝法Atomic absorptio原子吸收法Chloride Cl氯ISE indirect间接离子选择电极法ISE method-direct直接离子选择电极法Colorimetric比色法Titrimetric滴定法Lithium Li锂Ion selective electrode离子选择电机（ISE）法Flame photometry火焰分光光度法Spectropotometric分光光度法Colorimetric比色法Copper Cu血铜Colorimetric比色法Atomic absorptio原子吸收法Acid PhosphataseTotal ACP总酸性磷酸酶1-Naphthyl Phosphate substrateKinetic37°C1-赖基磷酸底物动力学法37°C1-Naphthyl Phosphate,KineticwithPentane diol Activation37°C 1-赖基磷酸动力学戊二醇活化方法37°CP-Naphthyl phos substrate pNP底物法Thymolphthahein phos substrate磷酸麝香草酚酞底物法Naphthyl phos.substrate1-赖基磷酸底物终点法Acid Phosphatase P-ACP 前列腺酸性磷酸酶1-Naphthyl Phosphate substrateKinetic37°C1-赖基磷酸底物动力学法37°C1-Naphthyl Phosphate,KineticwithPentanediol Activation37°C1-赖基磷酸动力学戊二醇活化方法37°CP-Naphthyl phos substrate pNP底物法Naphthyl phos.substrate1-赖基磷酸底物终点法Thymolphthahein phos substrate磷酸麝香草酚酞底物法Alkaline Phosphatase ALP碱性磷酸酶AMP optimised to IFCC37°C AMP法，IFCC优化法Diethanolamine buffer DEA37°C EDA法AMP optimised to NVKC/SFBC37°CAMP法，NVKC/SFBC优化法AMP non-optimsed37°C AMP法，未优化AMP Reduced interference AMP法，清除干扰Tris/carbonate buffer Tris/碳酸盐缓冲液法Roche Integra，AMPbuffer罗氏IntegraAMP方法Dade Dimension，AMP buffer DADE AMP法ALT(GPT)ALT谷丙转氨酶Tris buffer no P5PIFCC/SFBC37°CIFCC/SFBC，缓冲液，不含P5P法Colorimetric比色法Dade Demsion，IFCC DADE IFCC法Tris buffer with P5PIFCC/SFBC37°CIFCC/SFBC，缓冲液，含P5P法Posphate buffer，DGKC DGKC磷酸缓冲液法Tris buffer，SCE SCE，Tirs缓冲液法Tris buffer with P5P，NVKC NVKC，Tirs缓冲液，含P5P法AST(GOT)AST谷草转氨酶Tris buffer no P5PIFCC/SFBC37°CIFCC/SFBC，缓冲液，不含P5P法Tris buffer with P5PIFCC/SFBC38°CIFCC/SFBC，缓冲液，含P6P法Colorimetric比色法Dade Dimension，IFCC DADE IFCC法Phosphate buffer，DGKC DGKC磷酸缓冲液法Tris buffer with P5P，NVKC NVKC，Tirs缓冲液，含P5P法CK Total CK肌酸激酶CK-NAC substrate start(DGKC)37°CDGKC法，样本启动CK-NAC(IFCC)37°C IFCC法Monothioglycerol37°C硫代甘油底物法Dithioerythritol37°C硫代赤藻糖醇底物法Dithioerythritol(DTE)IFCCcorrelated37°C硫代赤藻糖醇底物37°C，IFCC法gamma-GT GGT γ-谷氨酰基转移酶Gamma glutamyl.-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide37°Cγ-谷氨酰基-3-羧基-4-硝基苯胺底物法GammaGlutamyl-3-Carboxy-4-nitroanilide(IFCC)37°Cγ-谷氨酰基-3-羧基-5-硝基苯胺底物IFCC法DCL gamma glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide37°CDCLγ-谷氨酰基-3-羧基-4-硝基苯胺底物法Dade Dimension（IFCC)DADE IFCC法GLDH GLDH 谷氨酸脱氢酶Triethanolamine buffer50mmol三乙醇胺缓冲液，50mmol/LLD(LDH)LDH乳酸脱氢酶L->P37°C L→P法L->P IFCC37°C L→P IFCC法Lactate to Pyruvate methods罗氏，L→P法P to L Scandinavian&Dutch斯堪的纳维亚及荷兰地区方法P→L法Pyruvate1.4mM-BeckmanLD-P贝克曼1.4mM丙酮酸底物法P to L German methods L→P，DGKCLipase Lipase脂肪酶Other Colorimetric37°C其他比色法Colorimetric，Randox朗道比色法Colorimetric，Beckman贝克曼比色法Colorimetric，Sigma Sigma比色法Turbidimetric without colipase比浊法Titrimetric滴定法Randox Turbidimetricwith colipase朗道比浊法LAP LAP 亮氨酸氨基肽酶NAGEL NAGEL法5-Nucleotidase5-NT55-核糖核苷酸水解酶Enzyme rate method酶速率法AdenosinedeaminaseADA腺苷脱氨酶Enzymatic酶法a-L-fucus glycosidase AFUa-岩藻糖苷酶CNPF rate method CNPF速率法a-HBDH a-HBDH a-羟丁酸脱氢酶Oxobutyrate<10mmol/l37°C氧络丁酸<10mmol/lOxobutyrate<10mmol/l30°C氧络丁酸<10mmol/lOxobutyrate<10mmol/l25°C氧络丁酸<10mmol/lAmylase Pancreatic P-AMY胰淀粉酶Roche liquid stablepNPG737°C罗氏pNPG7底物液体试剂Randox liquid stablepNPG737°C朗道pNPG8底物液体试剂Immunoturbition，EPS substrate EPS底物免疫抑制法Amylase Total AMY a-淀粉酶Roche liquid stablepNPG737°C罗氏pNPG9底物液体试剂Randox liquid stablepNPG737°C朗道pNPG10底物液体试剂Olympus-blocked pNPG7奥林巴斯阻断pNPG7法Beckman AS-dyed amyylopectin Beckman AS染料法M.A.S.-blocked pNPG7MAS阻断pNPG7法Saccharogeic戊聚糖底物法Beckman maltoteraose贝克曼3聚麦芽糖底物Bayer-maltopenta/hexaoside拜耳麦芽五糖底物法Roche integra2-chloro-pNPG7罗氏integra，2-氯-pNPG链底物Cholinesterase CHE胆碱酯酶Colorimetric Butyrylthiocholine37°C硫代丁酰胆碱比色法CK-MB Mass CK-MB 肌酸激酶同工酶Abbott Architect雅培免疫分析系统Siemens Advia Centaur西门子免疫分析法Roche Elecsys Modular E170Cobas6000/e411罗氏电化学发光Beckman Coulter Access贝克曼自动化学发光法BioMerieux Vidas BioMerieux Vidas免疫系统Mitsubushi Chemical Pathfast日本三菱Pathfast化学发光免疫分析系统Siemens Immulite2000西门子Immulite2000化学分析仪法Biosite Triage Meter美国博适D-Dimer D-D D二聚体Biosite Triage Meter美国博适BioMerieux Vidas BioMerieux Vidas免疫系统Siemens Immulite2000西门子Immulite2000化学分析仪法Mitsubushi Chemical Pathfast日本三菱Pathfast化学发光免疫分析系统Apolipoprotein A1APOA1载脂蛋白A1Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric散射比浊分析法Radial Immunoturbidimetric放射免疫扩散分析法RIA assays RIA分析法Apolipoprotein B APOB载脂蛋白B Nephelometric散射比浊分析法Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Radial Immunoturbidimetric放射免疫扩散分析法RIA assays RIA分析法Apolipoprotein E APOE载脂蛋白E Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊法HDL-Cholesterol HDL-C 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇Direct Clearance Method直接清除法Phosphotungstic acid pptn磷钨酸沉淀法Direct HDL Immunoseparation直接清除法，免疫抑制法Direct HDL PEGME直接清除法PEG修饰法Direct HDL PPD直接清除法PPD法Direct HDL Roche3rd generation直接清除法，罗氏第三代LDL-Cholesterol LDL-C 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇Direct Clearance Method直接清除法Selective detergent methods选择性的洗涤方法Lipoprotein(a)L(a）脂蛋白（a）Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Anti Streptolysin O ASO抗链球菌溶血素OTurbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射免疫比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Neph.Beckman(IFCC Cal.)贝克曼散射比浊法Neph.Behring(Non IFCC Cal.)德灵散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Neph.Behring(IFCC Cal.)德灵散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Rheumatoid Factor RF类风湿因子Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Behring Nephelometer德灵散射比浊法Neph.Beckman(IFCC Cal.)贝克曼散射比浊法Randox ImmunoturbidimetricRealigned朗道免疫比浊法（调整）Randox Immunoturbidimetric朗道免疫比浊法ComplementC3C3补体C3Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Radial Immunodiffuxion放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.) Vitros5.1FS microtip assay强生5.1FS自动化学分析ComplementC4C4补体C4Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Radial Immunodiffuxion放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.) Vitros5.1FS microtip assay强生5.1FS自动化学分析Immunoglobulin E E 免疫球蛋白EChemiluminescence化学发光法ELSIA ELSIAEnzyme lmmunoassay酶联免疫法Fluorimetric荧光计法Nephelometric散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法RIA assays RIA法Turbidimetric透射比浊法Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Chemiluminescence(Non IFCC Cal.)化学发光法(非IFCC Cal.)Immunoglobulin G IgG 免疫球蛋白GImmunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法Vitros5.1FS Microtip(IFCC)强生5.1FS自动化学分析(IFCC)Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Immunoglobulin M IgM 免疫球蛋白MImmunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Vitros5.1FS Microtip(IFCC)强生5.1FS自动化学分析(IFCC)Immunoglobulin A IgA 免疫球蛋白AImmunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法Vitros5.1FS Microtip(IFCC)强生5.1FS自动化学分析(IFCC)Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)。
化验指标中英文对应
1.血常规：
WBC=白细胞N=中性粒细胞计数RBC=红细胞Hb=血红蛋白HCT=红细胞压积PLT=血小板
2.凝血常规：
PT=凝血酶原时间PA=凝血酶原时间活动度
PT-INR=凝血酶原时间比率APTT=活化部分凝血活酶时间APTT-R=活化部分凝血酶比率TT=凝血酶时间FIB=纤维蛋白原AT-III=抗凝血酶III
3生化/肝肾功：
TP=总蛋白ALB=白蛋白GLB=球蛋白A/G=白/球TBIL=总胆红素DBIL=直接胆红素IBIL=间接胆红素ALT=谷丙转氨酶
AST=谷草转氨酶GGT=γ-谷氨酰转肽酶ALP=碱性磷酸酶
TBA=血清总胆汁酸ADA=腺苷脱氨酶GLU=葡萄糖
BUN=尿素氮CREA=肌酐UA=尿酸BMG=微球蛋白
LDH=乳酸脱氢酶LAP=亮氨酸氨基肽酶TG=甘油三酯
CHO=胆固醇LDL=低密度脂蛋白。
生化词汇
生物化学词汇——汉英对照A,癌基因, oncogene艾滋病, acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome，AIDS氨喋呤, anminopterin氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶Ⅰ, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase Ⅰ, CPS-Ⅰ氨基末端, amino terminal氨基酸, amino acid氨基酸接纳茎, acceptor stem氨基酸序列, amino acid sequenceδ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸, δ—aminolevulinic acid，ALA氨基酰-tRNA合成酶, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase氨基酰位, aminoacyl site氨基转移酶, aminotransferase氨甲喋呤, methotrexate, MTX氨肽酶,氨基肽酶, aminopeptidase胺氧化酶, amine oxidaseB巴士德Pastuer靶细胞target cell白化病albinism白三烯leukotrienes，LTs摆动性wobble斑点印迹bot blotting半保留复制semi-conservative replication 半不连续复制semi-discontinuous replication 半胱氨酸cysteine半乳糖galactose, Gal伴侣素chaperonins包涵体inclusion body胞苷cytidine胞嘧啶cytosine，C胞质小RNA small cytoplasmic RNA，scRNA 保守性转座conservative transposition苯丙氨酸羟化酶phenylalanine hydroxylase苯酮酸尿症phenyl ketonuria, PKU吡哆胺pyridoxamine吡哆醇pyridoxine吡哆醛pyridoxal必需氨基酸essential amino acid必需基团essential group必需激活剂essential activator编码链coding strand变构部位allosteric site变构调节allosteric regulation变构激活剂allosteric activator变构酶allosteric enzyme变构效应allosteric effect变构效应剂allosteric effector变构抑制剂allosteric inhibitor变性denaturation变性梯度胶电泳denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, DGGE辨认位点recognition site标志补救marker rescue表达载体expression vector表构酶epimerase表观Km值apparent Km表面效应surface effect别嘌呤醇allopurinol丙氨酸－葡萄糖循环alanine-glucose cycle丙酮acetone丙酮酸pyruvate丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase丙酮酸羧化酶pyruvate carboxylase病毒癌基因virus oncogene，v-onc卟啉症porphyria补救合成途径salvage pathway不对称转录asymmetric transcription不可逆性抑制作用irreversible inhibitionC参入incorporation残基residue残粒remnant操纵序列operator操纵子operon侧翼区flanking region层析chromatography层粘连蛋白laminin,Ln插入insertion插入序列insertion sequences, IS长末端重复序列long terminal repeat, LTR长萜醇dolichol肠肝循环bilinogen enterohepatic circulation,enterohepatic circulation 超螺旋结构superhelix, supercoil超敏位点hypersensitive site超速离心ultra-centrifuge超速离心法ultracentrifugation超氧物歧化酶superoxide dismutase, SOD沉降系数sedimentation coefficient,S成肽peptide bond formation初级胆汁酸primary bile acids初级转录产物primary transcripts储脂细胞lipocyte串联酶tandem enzyme锤头结构hammerbead structure醇脱氢酶alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH次黄核苷inosine，I次黄嘌呤inosine次黄嘌呤核苷酸inosine monphosphate, IMP次黄嘌呤核苷酸转移酶adenine phosphoribosyl transferase, APRT次级胆汁酸secondary bile acids从头合成途径de novo synthesis促红细胞生成素erythropoietin，EPO催化基团catalytic group催化型受体catalytic receptor催化性DNA DNAzyme催化性RNA catalytic RNA催化性小RNA small catalytic RNA脆性X综合征fragile X syndrome脆性位点fragile site错配mismatchD大沟major groove代谢库metabolic pool单胺氧化酶monoamine oxidase, MAO单纯酶simple enzyme单核苷酸多态性single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs单链DNA结合蛋白single stranded DNA binding protein, SSB单链构象多态性single strand conformation polymorphism, SSCP 单顺反子monocistron单体酶monomeric enzyme胆chole胆钙化醇cholecalciferol胆固醇cholesterol胆固醇7a-羟化酶cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase胆固醇流出调节蛋白cholesterol-efflux regulatory protein, CERP 胆固醇酯酶cholesteryl esterase胆红素bilirubin胆红素脑病bilirubin encephalopathy胆碱choline胆碱酯酶choline esterase胆绿素biliverdin胆绿素还原酶biliverdin reductase胆囊胆汁gallbladder bile胆色素bile pigment胆色素原prophobilinogen，PBG胆素bilin胆素原bilinogen胆酸cholic acid胆盐bile salts胆汁bile胆汁酸bile acids弹性蛋白酶elastase蛋白二硫键异构酶protein disulfide isomerase，PDI蛋白激酶C protein kinase C， PKC蛋白聚糖proteoglycan蛋白聚糖聚合物aggrecan蛋白磷酸酶protein phophatase蛋白酶protease蛋白酶体proteasome，proteosome蛋白质protein蛋白质表达protein expression蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用protein-protein interaction蛋白质的靶向输送protein targeting蛋白质的凝固作用protein coagulation蛋白质数据库protein databasesDNA-蛋白质相互作用DNA-protein interaction蛋白质芯片protein chip蛋白质印迹技术Western blotting蛋白质转换protein turnover蛋白质组proteome蛋白质组学Proteomics氮平衡nitrogen balance倒位酶invertase等电点isoelectric point，pI等位基因特异寡核苷酸 allele-specific ologonucleotide，ASO低血糖diabetes mellitus低血糖症hypoglycemia底物substrate底物水平磷酸化substrate-level phosphorylation底物循环substrate cycle地心引力gravity第二信使secondary messenger点突变point mutation电穿孔electroporation电喷雾质谱electrospray ionization mass spectrometry，ESI-MS 电泳electrophoresis电子传递链electron transfer chain淀粉starchα-淀粉酶α-amylase凋亡apoptosis调节部位regulatory site调节酶regulatory enzymes调节子regulon定位候选基因克隆策略 positional candidate gene approaches定位克隆positional cloning定向排列orientation arrange杜氏肌营养不良症duchenne muscular dystrophy，DMD端粒telomere端粒酶RNA human telomerase RNA，hTR端粒酶逆转录酶human telomerase reverse transcriptase，hTRT端粒酶协同蛋白1 human telomerase associated protein 1，hTP1短串联重复序列short tandem repeat断裂基因splite gene钝性未端blunt end多胺polyamines多巴胺dopamine多不饱和脂酸polyunsaturated fatty acid多功能酶multifunctional enzyme多核糖体polyribosome多接头克隆位点polylinker cloning sites多聚核蛋白体polysome多聚核苷酸polynucleotides多聚体polymer多聚脱氧核苷酸polydeoxynucleotides多酶体系multienzyme system多顺反子polycistron多顺反子mRNA polycistronic mRNA多态性polymorphism多肽polypeptide多肽链polypeptide chain多样性片段diversity segment多元催化multielement catalysisE鹅膏蕈碱 amanitin鹅脱氧胆酸chenodeoxycholic acid儿茶酚胺 catecholamine二次转酯反应 twice transesterification二级结构 secondary structure二甲基丙烯焦磷酸3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, DPP二聚化dimerization二聚体dimer二氢叶酸合成酶dihydrofolic acid synthetase二氢叶酸还原酶 dihydrofolate reductase二巯基丙醇British anti-Lewisite,proteosome， BAL二十二碳六烯酸docosahexaenoic acid, DHA二十碳五烯酸eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA二肽酶dipeptidase二硝基苯酚dinitrophenol,DNPF发夹hairpin翻译起始复合物translational initiation complex反基因策略antigene strategy反竞争性抑制作用uncompetitive inhibition反密码子anticodon反式trans反式作用因子trans-acting factor反烯酰CoA异构酶trans enoyl-CoA isomerase反义寡核苷酸antioligonucleotide反转录PCR reverse transcription PCR，RT－PCR反转重复序列inverted repeat泛醌ubiquinone泛素ubiquitin泛素化ubiquuitination泛酸pantothenic acid非mRNA小RNA small non-messenger RNA，snmRNAs非必需氨基酸non-essencial amino acid非必需激活剂non-essential activator非蛋白氮non-protein nitrogen, NPN非定位候选基因克隆策略 position-independent candidate gene approaches非竞争性抑制作用non-competitive inhibition RNA分化加工differential RNA processing分节基因segmentation genes分解代谢阻遏catabolic repression分解物基因激活蛋白catabolite gene activation protein, CAP 分支酶debranching enzyme分支移动branch migration分子伴侣chaperon，molecular chaperon分子克隆molecular clone分子医学molecular medicine粉蝶霉素A piericidin A粉液化芽苞杆菌bacillus amyloliguefaciens粪卟啉原III coproporphyrinogen III，CPGIII粪胆素stercobilin，l-urobilin粪胆素原stercobilinogen，l-urobilinogen丰富基因redundant gene佛波酯phorbol ester5－氟尿嘧啶5-fluorouracil, 5-fu脯氨酸富含域proline-rich domain辅基prosthetic group辅酶coenzyme辅酶I NAD+辅酶II NADP+辅酶Q coenzyme Q，CoQ辅脂酶colipase辅助因子cofactor辅助因子Fis factor for inversion stimulation 辅阻遏剂corepressor腐败作用putrefaction负超螺旋negative supercoil负碳离子carbanion复合体complex复合体Ⅴcomplex V复性renaturation复制replication复制酶replicase复制体replisome复制性转座duplicative transposition复制因子replication factor,RF复制子replicon富含AT AT richG钙调蛋白calmodulin CaM干扰RNA interference RNA，RNAiRNA干涉RNA interference，RNAi甘氨胆酸glycocholic acid甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸glycochenodeoxycholic acid甘露糖mannose, Man甘油激酶glycerokinase甘油磷脂phosphoglycerides甘油三酯triglyceride2-甘油一酯2-monoglyceride肝胆红素hepatobilirubin肝胆汁hepatic bile肝素heparin肝细胞性黄疸hepatocellular jaundice感染infection感受态细胞competent cell岡崎片段Okazaki fragment高保真性high fidelity高脂蛋白血症hyperlipoproteinemia高脂血症hyperlipidemia功能互补实验functional complementation assay功能基因组学functional genomics功能克隆functional cloning共价修饰covalent modification共同的偶配体SMADs common-partner-SMAD，Co-SMADs共有序列consensus sequence谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase谷氨酰胺酶glutaminase谷丙转氨酶glutamic pyruvic transaminase, GPT, ALT谷草转氨酶glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, GOT, ASTβ-谷固醇β-sitosterol谷胱甘肽glutathione, GSH谷胱甘肽S-环氧化物转移酶glutathione S-epoxidetransferase 骨形态发生蛋白bone morphogenetic protein，BMPs钴胺素cobalamin钴胺素I transcobalamin I, TC I固醇sterol固醇载体蛋白sterol carrier protein, SCP固定化酶immobilized enzyme寡核苷酸点阵oligonucleotide arrays寡核苷酸微芯片oligonucleotide micro-chip寡核苷酸杂交分析oligonucleotide hybridization analysis寡聚酶oligomeric enzyme寡霉素oligomycin寡肽oligopeptide寡肽酶oligopeptidase关键酶key enzymes管家基因housekeeping gene光修复light repairing光修复酶photolyase胱甘肽S-转移酶glutathione S-transferase滚环复制rolling circle replication6-果糖双磷酸酶-2 6-phosphofructokinase-2果糖双磷酸酶-2 fructose biphosphatase-2过渡态transition state过氧化酶体peroxisomes过氧化氢酶catalase，peroxidaseHALA合酶ALA synthaseATP合酶ATP synthase核磁共振技术nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR核蛋白nuclear protein核蛋白体RNA ribosomal RNA，rRNA核蛋白体蛋白质ribosomal protein,rp核蛋白体结合位点ribosomal binding site, RBS核蛋白体循环ribosomal cycle核定位信号nuclear localization signal, NLS核定位序列nuclear localization sequence,NLS核苷 ribonucleoside核苷二磷酸nucleoside diphosphate，NDP核苷三磷酸nucleoside triphosphate，NTP核苷酸nucleotide核苷一磷酸nucleoside monophosphate，NMP核黄素riboflavin核酶 ribozyme核内不均一RNA heterogeneous nuclear RNA，hnRNA 核内小分子RNA small nuclear RNA，snRNA核仁小分子RNA small nucleolar RNA，snoRNA核输入因子nuclear importin核酸 nucleic acid核酸内切酶endonuclease核酸外切酶exonuclease核糖核苷酸ribonucleotide核糖核酸ribonucleic acid，RNA核糖体ribosome核小体nucleosome核心颗粒core particle核心酶core enzyme核因子κB nuclear factor-κB， NF-κBPribnow盒Pribnow box黑色素melanin亨丁顿舞蹈病Huntington disease恒定片段constant segment后基因组计划post-Human Genome Project, PHGP呼吸控制率respiratory control ratio, RCR呼吸链respiratory chainb-胡萝卜素b-carotene琥珀酸CoA succinyl CoA琥珀酸CoA合成酶succinyl-CoA synthetase琥珀酸脱氢酶succinate dehydrogenasea互补alpha complementation互补 complementary互补的单链DNA complementary DNA花生四烯酸arachidonic acid化学渗透假说chemiosmotic hypothesis化学修饰chemical modificationHMG CoA还原酶HMG CoA reductase环loop环丁基环cyclobutane ringD-环复制D-loop replication缓激肽bradykinin黄疸 jaundice黄嘌呤氧化酶xanthosine oxidase黄素单核苷酸flavin mononucleotide, FMN黄素蛋白flavoprotein黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD恢复 rescue回文结构palindrome混合功能氧化酶mixed-function oxidase混合微团mixed micelles活化能activation energy活化素activin活性部位active site活性区activation domain，AD活性中心active center获得性突变gain-of-function mutationJ肌酸creatine肌酸酐creatinine肌酸激酶creatine kinase, CK肌营养不良蛋白dystrophin基本重组general recombination基本转录因子general transcription factors基底层bacal laminae基膜baxal lamina基因gene基因靶向gene targeting基因沉默因子silencing factor基因工程genetic engineering基因间隔gene spacer基因矫正gene correction基因克隆gene cloning基因疗法gene therapeutics基因敲除gene knock-out基因失活gene inactivation，loss-of-function mutations 基因文库gene library基因芯片gene chip基因芯片点阵genechip arrays基因增补gene augmentation基因诊断gene diagnosis基因治疗gene therapy基因置换gene replacement基因重组genetic recombination基因转移gene transfer基因族gene family基因组genome，genomics基因组DNA genomic DNA基因组DNA文库genomic DNA library基因作图genetic mapping激动型G蛋白stimulatory G protein，Gs激活蛋白activator激活功能activation function激活剂activator激素反应元件hormone response element激素敏感性甘油三酯脂肪酶hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase, HSL 级联系统cascade system即刻早期反应基因immediate-early gene，IEG急性时相蛋白质acute phase protein APP急性时相反应物acute phase reactant APR己糖激酶hexokinase加单氧酶monooxygenase甲基化methylation甲基化酶methylase甲基转移酶methyl transferase甲硫氨酸循环 methionine cycle甲羟戊酸mevalonic acid, MVA甲胎蛋白α-fetoproteinN-甲酰甲硫氨酸 N-formyl methionine，fMet假尿嘧啶ψ，pseudouridine假神经递质false neurotransmitter间接胆红素indirect reacting bilirubin间接体内疗法ex vivomRNA剪接mRNA splcing剪接splicing剪接接口splicing junction剪接体splicesome检查点check point简并性degeneracy碱基base碱基对base pairs, bp碱性亮氨酸拉链basic leucine zipper碱性螺旋-环-螺旋basic helix-loop-helix降解degradation交联对话cross talk胶原collagen胶原微纤维collagen fibril胶原纤维collagen fiber焦谷氨酸pyroglutamic acid焦磷酸法尼酯farnesyl pyrophosphate, FPPUDPG焦磷酸化酶UDPG pyrophosphorylase焦磷酸硫胺素thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP酵解途径glycolytic pathway酵母yeast酵母基因剔除yeast knockout project酵母人工染色体载体yeast artificial chromosome vector, YAC酵母双杂交系统yeast two-hybrid-system阶段特异性stage specificity接合作用conjugation接受体acceptor结构基因structural gene结构基因组学structural genomicsSH2结构域Scr homology 2 domainSH3结构域Scr homology 3 domain结构域domain结合胆汁酸conjugated bile acidpoly(A)结合蛋白poly(A)-binding protein，PABP结合反应conjugation reactionATP结合盒转运蛋白AI ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, ABCA1 结合基团binding group结合酶conjugated enzyme结合区binding domain，BD结合体adaptorDNA结合域DNA binding domain解缠酶untwisting enzyme解毒作用detoxication解磷定pyridine aldoxime methyliodide，PAM解螺旋酶helicase解偶联蛋白uncoupling protein解偶联剂uncoupler金属激活酶metal-activated enzyme金属酶metalloenzyme紧张态tense state进位entrance茎stem茎环stem-loop精胺spermine精脒spermidine竞争性抑制作用competitive inhibition矩形双曲线rectangular hyperbola巨幼红细胞性贫血megaloblastic anemiaRNA聚合酶RNA-pol聚合酶链反应polymerase chain reaction, PCR聚糖glycan绝对特异性absolute specificityM麦角钙化醇ergocalciferol麦角固醇ergosterol麦芽糖 maltose慢反应物质slow reacting substances of analphylaxis锚蛋白ankynin帽结构 cap sequence帽结合蛋白cap binding proteins，CBPsDNA酶deoxyribonuclease，DNaseRNA酶ribonuclease, RNase酶enzyme酶促反应动力学kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed reaction酶蛋白 poenzyme酶联免疫测定法enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA酶免检测分析enzyme immunodetection assay酶偶联测定法enzyme coupled assays酶原zymogen门管周带periportal zone靡蛋白 chymotrypsin米氏方程式Michaelis equation密度梯度离心density gradient centrifugation密码子 codon嘧啶pyrimidine免疫印迹immunoblotting模板template模板理论piecing theory模板链 template strand模体motif末端转移酶terminal transferase母亲效应基因maternal effect genes目的基因target DNAN内分泌 endocrine内分泌信号endocrine signal内含子 intron内化internalization内皮生长抑制蛋白vastatin内皮抑素endostatin内肽酶 endopeptidase内因子intrinsic factor, IF内在序列同源结构internal seguence homology内酯酶 lactonase内质网 endoplasmic reticulum，ER尼克酸 nicotinic acid逆向转运reverse cholesterol transport, RCT逆转录 reverse transcription逆转录病毒retro-virus, RV逆转录酶reverse transciptase 鸟氨酸脱羧酶orinithine decarboxylase鸟氨酸循环orinithine cycle鸟苷guanosine鸟苷酸结合蛋白,G蛋白guanylate binding protein鸟嘌呤 guanine，G鸟嘌呤环化酶guanylyl cyclase，GC尿卟啉原 I同合酶UPG I cosynthased-尿胆素d-urobilini-尿胆素i-urobilind-尿胆素原d-urobilinogen尿苷uridine尿苷二磷酸葡糖醛酸uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid, UDPGA 尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖uridine diphophate glucose, UDPG尿嘧啶 uracil，U尿嘧啶核苷酸uridine monophosphate, UMP尿素循环urea cycle柠檬酸citrate柠檬酸-丙酮酸循环citrate pyruvate cycle柠檬酸合酶citrate synthase柠檬酸裂合酶citrate lyase凝集素样受体lectin-like receptor凝胶过滤gel filtration牛磺胆酸taurocholic acid牛磺鹅脱氧胆酸taurochenodeoxycholic acidO偶氮还原酶类azoreductaseP偶氮还原酶类azoreductase爬行模型inchworn model排出位exit site旁分泌paracrine旁分泌信号paracrine signal胚胎干细胞embryonic stem cell 配体ligand配体蛋白ligandin配伍未端compatible endH片段H segmentKlenow片段Klenow fragment片段重组体patch recombinant嘌呤purine嘌呤核苷酸循环purine nucleotide cycle拼接重组体splice recombinant 平行分子遗传学分析parallel molecular genetic analysis苹果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭malate-asparate shuttle苹果酸脱氢酶fumarate hydratase，malate dehydrogenase DEAE葡聚糖介导转染DEAE dextran-mediated transfection葡糖醛酸胆红素bilirubin glucuronideUDP-葡糖醛酸基转移酶UDP-glucuronyl transferases, UGT葡萄糖glucose， Glc葡萄糖－6-磷酸酶glucose-6-phophatase葡萄糖激酶glucokinase葡萄糖耐量glucose tolerence葡萄糖转运体glucose transporter，GLUTQ栖热水生菌thermus aquaticus启动元件initiator启动子promoter起点origin起始tRNA initiator-tRNA起始密码initiation coden 起始因子initiation factor,IF前病毒provirus前导片段leader segment 前列腺环素prostacyclin前列腺素prostaglandin, PG前脑forebrain前清蛋白prealbumin, PAβ-羟丁酸β-hydroxybutyrate羟化酶hydroxylase3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl CoA, HMG CoA3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰CoA 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA, HMG CoA3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰CoA合酶3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthase, HMG CoA synthase 鞘氨醇sphingosine鞘脂sphingolipids切除修复excision repairing切口-封闭酶nicking-closing enzyme5-氢过氧化廿碳四烯酸5-hydroperoxy-eicotetraenoic acid, 5-HPETE清蛋白albumin清道夫受体scavenger receptor, SR球蛋白globulin区带zone去饱和酶desaturase去甲肾上腺素norepinephrine全酶 holoenzyme醛缩酶aldolase醛脱氢酶aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALDH缺口nick缺失deletionR染色体chromosome染色体步移chromosome walking染色体畸形chromosomal abnormality染色质chromatin热休克蛋白heat shock proteins, Hsp人类白细胞抗原human leucocyte antigen，HLA人类基因组计划human genome project, HGP人类免疫缺陷病毒human immuno-deficiency virus，HIV溶菌生长途径lysis pathway溶血性黄疸hemolytic jaundice溶源菌生长途径lysogenic pathway融解温度elting temperature, Tm肉碱carnitine肉碱-脂酰肉碱转位酶carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase肉碱脂酰转移酶I carnitine acyl transferase I乳酸lactate乳酸脱氢酶lactate dehydrogenase乳糖操纵子lac operon朊病毒蛋白prion protein, PrPS三级结构tertiary structure三联体密码triplet code三链DNA形成脱氧寡核苷酸triplex-forming oligonucleotide, TFO三链技术triplex approach三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle三叶草形cloverleaf patternB沙门氏菌 B Salmonella鲨烯squalene鲨烯合酶squalene synthase筛选screening上调up regulation上游因子upstream factors射线radiation,RADX射线衍射法X-ray diffraction神经鞘磷脂sphingomyelin神经肽neuropeptide肾上腺素epinephrine生长因子growth factor生糖氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸ketogenic amino acid生物胞素biocytin生物催化剂biocatalyst生物大分子biomacromolecule生物化学biochemistry生物素biotin生物信息学bioinformatics生物氧化biological oxidation 生物转化biotransformationa-生育酚当量a-tocophenol equivalents, a-TE生殖细胞germ line cell石胆酸lithocholic acid时间特异性temporal specificity视蛋白opsin视黄醇retinol视黄醇结合蛋白retinol binding protein, RBP视黄醇磷酸retinyl phosphate视黄醛retinal视黄酸retinoic acid视网膜母细胞瘤retinoblastoma饰胶蛋白decorin释放因子release factor，RF HDL受体HDL recepter受体receptor受体调节的SMADs receptor-regulated-SMAD，R-SMADsLDL受体相关蛋白LDL receptor related protein, LRP6－疏基嘌呤6-mercaptopurine， 6MP鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌salmonella typhimurium衰减attenuation衰减区域attenuator region衰减子attenuator双倒数作图法double reciprocal plot双链duplex1,6-双磷酸果糖1,6-fructose-biphosphate，F-1，6-2P双螺旋double helix双色荧光探针杂交系统two-color fluorescent probe hybridization双缩脲反应biuret reaction双向复制bidirectional replication 双性α-螺旋amphipathicαhelix水解酶类hydrolases水溶性维生素water-soluble vitamin顺反子cistron顺式cis顺式作用元件cis-acting element瞬时转染transient transfection丝氨酸磷脂phosphatidyl serine丝甘蛋白聚糖serglycin四级结构quaternary structure四膜虫tetrahymena四氢叶酸tetrahydrofolic acid, FH4 or THFA松弛酶relaxing enzyme松弛态relaxed state酸性激活域acidic activation domain随从链lagging strandDNA损伤DNA damage羧基末端carboxyl terminal羧基末端结构域carboxyl terminal domain, CTD羧基肽酶A carboxypeptidase AT肽peptide肽单元 peptide unit肽-脯氨酰顺反异构酶peptide prolyl cis-trans isomerase,PPI肽核酸peptide nucleic acid, PNA肽酶 peptidase肽酰位 peptidyl site肽转位复合物 peptide translocation complex糖蛋白 glycoprotein糖复合物 glycoconjugates糖苷键 glycosidic bondDNA糖苷酶DNA glyclsidase糖酵解 glycolysis糖尿病 hyperglycemia and glucosuria糖型 glycoform糖异生 gluconeogenesis糖异生途径gluconeogenic pathway糖原 glycogen糖原储存疾病 glycogen storage disease糖原分解 branching enzyme，glycogenolysis糖原合酶 glycogen synthase糖原累积症Calmodulin套索RNA lariat RNA特异位点重组 site-specific recombination特异转录因子 special transcription factors体内试验，直接体内疗法in vivo体外试验，试管内in vitro体细胞 somatic cell体细胞基因治疗somatic cell gene therapy天冬酰胺 asparagine铁硫簇iron-sulfur cluster, Fe-S铁硫蛋白 iron-sulfur protein通用性 universal同二聚体 homodimer同工酶 isoenzyme同型半胱氨酸 homocysteine同源 homolog同源重组 homologous recombination3-酮基二氢鞘氨醇3-ketodihydrosphingosine酮体 ketone bodiesα-酮戊二酸α- ketoglutatrateα-酮戊二酸脱氢酶复合体α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 透明质酸 hyaluronic acid透析 dialysis突变 mutation推荐名称 recommended name退火 anneal，annealing脱水酶 dehydrase脱羧基作用decarboxylation脱羧酶 decarboxyase脱氧胞苷 deoxycytidine脱氧胞苷酸deoxycytidine monophosphate, dCMP脱氧单磷酸核苷deoxynucleotide monophosphate,dNMP脱氧胆酸 deoxycholic acid脱氧核苷 deoxyribonucleoside脱氧核苷酸deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, dNMP 脱氧核酶 deoxyribozyme脱氧核糖核苷酸deoxynucleotide脱氧核糖核酸 deoxyribonucleic acid，DNA脱氧鸟苷 deoxyguanosine脱氧鸟苷酸deoxyguanosine monophosphate, dGMP脱氧三磷酸核苷deoxynucleotide triphosphate,dNTP脱氧腺苷 deoxyadenosine脱氧腺苷酸deoxyadenosine monophosphate, dAMP脱支酶 glycogen phosphorylaseDNA拓扑异构酶DNA topoisomerase唾液酸酶 neuraminidaseW外肽酶exopeptidase外显子exon网络系统networkDNA微点阵DNA microarray微粒体乙醇氧化系统microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, MEOS微团micelles微纤维fibrilDNA微阵列DNA microarray维生素vitamin胃蛋白酶pepsin胃蛋白酶原pepsinogencDNA文库 cDNA library稳定转染stable transfection无规卷曲random coil无嘌呤/嘧啶核苷酸apurinic/apyuimidinic acids，AP物理图physical map物理作图physical mappingX吸光率absorbance，A稀有碱基rare bases系统名称systematic name细胞癌基因cellular-oncogene，c-onc细胞色素cytochrome, Cyt细胞色素C cytochrome C细胞色素P450 Cytochrome P450，Cyt P450细胞特异性cell specificity细胞外基质extracellular matrixc，ECM细胞周期cell cycle细胞周期蛋白cyclin细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶cyclin dependent kinase,CDK下调down regulation纤连蛋白fibronectin, Fn纤维蛋白fibrin纤维蛋白溶酶原plasminogen纤维蛋白原fibrinogen酰基载体蛋白acyl carrier protein, ACP显微注射microinjection线粒体DNA mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA线粒体孔蛋白mitochondrial porin限速酶limiting velocity enzymes限制性内切核酸酶 restriction endonuclease限制性片段长度多态性restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP 限制–修饰体系restriction-modification system腺病毒adeno-virus, AV腺病毒相关病毒adeno-associated virus, AAV腺苷adenosineS－腺苷甲硫氨酸S－adenosyl methionine, SAM腺苷酸环化酶adenyl cyclase，adenylate cyclase,AC腺苷酸转运蛋白adenine nucleotide transporter腺苷脱氨酶adenosine deaminase，ADA腺嘌呤adenine，A相变异phase variation相对特异性relative specificityTBP相关因子TBP-associated factor, TAF相似性similarity相转变phase variation硝基还原酶类nitroreductase硝酸纤维素nitrocellulose , NC小分子核糖核蛋白体 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein, snRNP小沟minor groove小片段干涉 RNA small interfering RNA，siRNA小叶中心带centrolobular zone校读proofread协调表达coordinate expression协调调节coordinate regulation心磷脂cardiolipin心钠素arrionatriuretic peptide, ANPcDNA芯片cDNA chipDNA芯片DNA chip锌指结构zinc finger信号肽signal peptide信号肽酶signal peptidase信号序列signal seguence信号转导signal transduction信号转导子和转录激动子signal transductors and activator of transcription， STAT 信使RNA messenger RNA，mRNA性细胞基因治疗germ line gene therapy胸苷thymidine胸苷激酶thymidine kinase, TK胸苷酸thymidine monophosphate, dTMP胸苷酸合成酶thymidylate synthetase胸腺嘧啶thymine，T胸腺嘧啶二聚体thymine dimer休眠蛋白restinDNA修复DNA repairing序列标志位点sequence tagged sites, STSs序列子sequon旋转酶gyrase选择selection血胆红素hemobilirubin血管紧张素II angiotensin II血红蛋白hemoglubin，Hb血红素heme血红素加氧酶heme oxygenase血浆plasma血尿素氮blood urea nitrogen, BUN血清serum血栓噁烷thromboxane A2,TXA2血液bloodY亚基subunitα-亚麻酸a-linolenic acid亚铁螯合酶ferrochelatase亚油酸linoleic acid烟酰胺nicotinamide延长elongation延长因子elongation factor，EF岩藻糖fucose, Fuc盐析salt precipitation氧化还原酶类oxidoreductases氧化磷酸化oxidative phosphorylation氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+ 药物G418 geneticin药物基因组学pharmacogenomics野生型wild type叶酸folic acid一级结构primary structure一碳单位one carbon unit一氧化氮合酶nitric oxide synthase (NOS)一致性consensus依赖DNA的DNA聚合酶DNA-dependent DNA polymerase,DNA-pol依赖DNA的RNA聚合酶DNA dependent RNA polymerase,RNA-pol依赖RNA的DNA聚合酶RNA dependent DNA polymerasecAMP依赖蛋白激酶cAMP-dependent protein kinaseNa+依赖型葡萄糖转运体Na+-dependent glucose transporter，SGLT 胰蛋白酶trypsin胰岛素insulin胰岛素受体底物insulin receptor substrate胰高血糖素glucagon胰脂酶pancreatic lipase遗传密码genetic coden遗传型genotype遗传医学genetic medicine乙醇ethanol乙酰CoA aerobic oxidation乙酰CoA羧化酶acetyl CoA carboxylaseN-乙酰半乳糖胺N-acetylgalactosamine, GalNAcN－乙酰谷氨酸N-acetyl glutamatic acid, AGA乙酰基转移酶acetylaseN-乙酰葡糖胺N-acetylglucosamine, GlcNAcN-乙酰神经氨酸N-acetylneuraminic acid, NeuAc乙酰乙酸acetoacetate异二聚体heterodimer异构酶类isomerases异柠檬酸isocitrate异柠檬酸脱氢isocitrate dehydrogenase异戊巴比妥amobarbital异戊烯焦磷酸△3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate, IPP异源双链heteroduplex异质性heterogeneity抑癌基因cancer suppressive gene,anti-oncogene 抑制剂inhibitor抑制型G蛋白inhibitory G protein，Gi抑制性SMADs inhibitory-SMAD，I-SMADsF因子 F factor引物primer引物酶primase隐性黄疸jaundice occultRNA印迹Northern blottingSouthern印迹Southern blotting印迹技术BlottingDNA印迹术DNA blotting茚三酮反应ninhydrin reactioncAMP应答元件cAMP response elementcAMP应答元件结合蛋白cAMP response element binding protein， CREB 荧光报告分子reporter, R荧光淬灭分子Quencher, Q荧光活化细胞分离器fluorescence activated cell sorter, FACS营养价值nutrition游离胆汁酸free bile acid游离脂酸free fatty acid, FFA有丝分裂原激活蛋白激酶mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK诱导剂inducer诱导契合假说induced-fit hypothesis诱导作用induction诱饵bait鱼藤酮rotenone原癌基因proto-oncogenes，pro-onc原卟啉IX protoporphyrin IX原胶原tropocollagen原位PCR in situ PCR, ISP原位杂交in situ hybridization原纤蛋白fibrillin圆二色光谱circular dichroism，CDZ杂化核RNA hetero-nuclear RNA, hn RNA杂化双链hybrid duplex杂交hybridization载体蛋白carrier protein载脂蛋白apolipoprotein, apo增强子enhancer增强子结合蛋白enhancer binding protein增色效应hyperchromic effect增殖细胞核抗原proliferation cell nuclear antigen,PCNA 粘结蛋白聚糖 syndecan粘性末端cohesive endβ-折叠β-pleated sheet真核生物eukaryoteDNA阵列DNA arrays整合integration正超螺旋positive supercoil正协同效应positive cooperativity脂蛋白lipoprotein脂肪酶C lipase C脂肪酸fatty acids脂过氧化酶lipoxygenase脂类lipids脂溶性维生素 lipid-soluble vitamin脂酰CoA合成酶acyl-CoA synthetase脂酰CoA转移酶acyl CoA transferaseN-脂酰鞘氨醇 ceramide脂酰肉碱acyl carnitine脂质体转染lipofectin transfection直接胆红素direct reacting bilirubin直接选择法direct selectionDNA指纹fingerprint质粒plasmid致癌物carcinogen中胆素原mesobilirubinogen，i-urobilinogen中间体intermediate中心体centromer终止termination终止密码termination coden肿瘤基因组解剖工程Cancer Genome Anatomy Project重排rearrangement重症联合免疫缺陷综合症Severe combined immunodeficiency disease，SCIDDNA重组DNA recombination重组recombination重组DNA技术DNA recombination technique,recombinant DNA technology 重组激活基因 recombination activating gene重组信号序列 recombination signal sequence, RSS重组修复recombination repairing注册registration爪蟾xenopus laevis专一蛋白speciallized protein专一性specificity转氨基作用transamination转氨酶transaminase转导作用transduction转钴胺素II transcobalamin II, TC II转化transformation转化生长因子βtransforming growth factor β转换数turnover number转基因transgene转基因动物transgenic animalβ-转角β-turn转录后修饰post-transcriptional modification转录激活因子 transcription activators转录空泡transcription bubble转录起始点transcription start site转录起始前复合物 pre-initiation complex, PIC转录抑制因子 transcription inhibitors转录因子transcriptional factors, TF转录组transcriptome转录组学transcriptomics转醛醇酶transketolase转醛基酶transaldolase转染transfection转位translocation转位酶translocase转移酶类transferases。
生化英语词汇
Oxygenases加氧酶colligative properties依数性Osmosis渗透isotonic等渗透Fibrous纤维蛋白Globular球蛋白Membranous膜蛋白Lipoproteins脂蛋白glycoproteins糖蛋白metalloproteins金属蛋白α-keratinα-角蛋白Collagen胶原Silk Fibroin丝心蛋白myoglobin肌红蛋白hemoglobin血红蛋白protamine精蛋白histone组蛋白apoenzyme酶蛋白ligase DNA连接酶Trypsin胰蛋白酶chymotrypsin胰凝乳蛋白酶pepsin胃蛋白酶Lysozyme溶菌酶elastase弹性蛋白酶thrombin凝血酶subtilisin纤溶酶plasmin枯草杆菌蛋白酶Adenine腺嘌呤Guanine鸟嘌呤Cytosine胞嘧啶Thymine胸腺嘧啶Uracil尿嘧啶multimer多聚体oligomer寡聚体ligand配体binding site结合位点Antibodies抗体Antigen抗原denaturation变性flocculates结絮protein coagulation蛋白质凝固dialysis透析ultrafiltration超滤antiparallel反平行Asymmetric不对称chiral center手型中心hyperchromic effect增色效应hypochromic effect减色效应：Elongation延伸Zwitterions两性离子Semiconservative半保留复制induced fit诱导契合hydrophobic interaction疏水作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制2’,3’-dideoxynucleotide2`,3`-双脱氧核苷三磷酸Proteins are polymers of amino acids,with each amino acid residue joined to its neighbor by a specific type of covalent bond.。
生化英语单词
protein蛋白质peptide bond 肽键conformation 空间构象motif 模体peptide unit 肽单元zinc finger 锌指domain 结构域molecular chaperon 分子伴侣denaturation 变性complementary base pairs 碱基互补配对anneal 退火phosphodiester bond 磷酸二酯键enzyme 酶proenzyme 酶原ribozyme 核酶hybridization 核酸分子杂交hyperchromic effect 增色效应nucleosome 核小体ribosome 核糖体melting temperature,Tm 解链温度isoenzyme同工酶restriction endonuclease 限制性核酸内切酶allosteric regulation 变构调节covalent modification 共价修饰vitamin 维生素glycolysis 糖酵解reversible inhibition 可逆性抑制作用aerobic oxidation 有氧氧化competitive inhibition 竞争性抑制TCA cycle 三羧酸循环gluconeogenesis 糖异生substrate-level phosphorylation 底物水平磷酸化glucagon 胰高血糖素glycogen synthase 糖原合酶glycoprotein糖蛋白apolipoprotein 载脂蛋白fat mobilization 脂肪动员essential fatty acid必需脂肪酸phospholipid磷脂ketone bodies 酮体LPL 脂蛋白脂肪酶lipoprotein脂蛋白reverse cholesterol transport，RCT 胆固醇逆向转运biological oxidation 生物氧化oxidative respiratory chain氧化呼吸oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化nitrogen balance 氮平衡putrefaction 腐败作用SAM S-腺苷甲硫氨酸urea cycle 尿素循环one carbon unit 一碳单位de novo synthesis 从头合成途径uric acid 尿酸biotransformation 生物转化bile pigment 胆色素semi-conservative replication 半保留复制replication fork 复制叉Okazaki fragment 冈崎片段telomere 端粒reverse transcription 逆转录transcription 转录template strand 模板链split gene 断裂基因exon 外显子intron 内含子promoter 启动子splicing 剪接translation 翻译open reading frame 开放阅读框signal peptide 信号肽codon 密码子frameshift mutation 框移突变operon 操纵子housekeeping gene 管家基因enhancer 增强子genome 基因组recombinant DNA 重组DNA expression vector 表达载体plasmid 质粒polymerase chain reaction，PCR 聚合酶链反应autophosphorylation 自我磷酸化receptor 受体second messenger 第二信使adenylate cyclase，AC 腺苷酸环化酶protein tyrosine kinase，PTK 蛋白酪氨酸激酶oncogene 癌基因。
生化英文
filtration（过滤）and centrifugation（离心）cell disruption（细胞破碎）crystallization（结晶）and precipitation（沉淀）membrane separation（膜分离）extraction（萃取）chromatography（色谱、层析）electrophoresis（电泳）and magnetic bioseparation（磁性生物分离）solvent removal （溶剂去除）and drying（干燥）第一章Bioprocessing（生物过程）Industrial chemicals化工制品Agrochemicals农药Pharmaceuticals 药物Nutraceutical保健营养品Laboratory reagents实验室试剂Cosmetic products 化妆品polishing （精制）diluted稀释的aqueous solutions水溶液Identity 特性potency 效能feed饲料in batches分批地manufacture制造formulation规划pretreatment （预处理）microfiltration（微滤）,sedimentation（沉降）intracellular细胞内的precipitation （沉淀）divergent properties不同的属性Appreciable相当可观的sterilize （灭菌）removing pyrogen（去除热源）adding excipients（加赋形剂）dispensed分发的Supernatant上清液throughput生产量disposal处理, installing安装plant工厂车间fraction部分ethanol（乙醇）, acetone（丙酮）lactic acid（乳酸）. pancreatin（胰岛素）, papain（木瓜蛋白酶）solubility 溶解度electrostatic charge静电荷volatility挥发性hydrophobicity疏水性第二章Coagulation and flocculation凝聚和絮凝Adding filter aids 助滤剂上的吸附insoluble carbohydrates不溶性的碳水化合物multi-valent metal ions多价金属离子fermentation broth发酵液viscous粘性的non-Newtonian slurry非牛顿流体density密度compressibility压缩性pasteurize用巴氏灭菌法灭菌chief constraint主要制约thermal stability热稳定性amphoteric两性的membrane fouling膜污染charged带电的debris碎片colloidal particles胶体粒子flocculate絮凝aggregate聚合物Electrical double layer 双电层collision碰撞floc絮状物electrolytes电解质polyelectrolyte高电解质stern layer（吸附层diffuse layer（扩散层）Electrostatic interaction 静电作用Thermal motion 热运动colloidal stability胶体稳定性electrostatic repulsion 静电排斥hydration shell (hydration layer)水化层fluid流体London-van der waals forces （范德华引力）predominate.占主导地位dense稠密的cationic（阳离子型）neutralize使中和aluminum铝coagulants凝聚剂anionic（阴离子型）stir velocity搅拌速度precoat预涂层fermentation发酵plate and frame filter（板框过滤机）accumulates biomass（生物量）rotary drum vacuum filters 真空转鼓过滤器cross flow filtration 错流过滤diatomite filter 硅藻土过滤机permeate渗透tangential flow切向流动shear剪切sedimentation（沉降）centrifugal field（离心场）paste糊状物angular velocity角速度radius半径deposit沉淀effluent流出物sludge污泥intermittent operation（间歇操作）bowl碗dismantled（拆卸）microbial微生物的cell organelles细胞器annular slit环形缝隙discharge卸渣screw螺旋conveyor输送机rotate旋转scroll卷轴dewater脱水mass质量subcellular fractionation亚细胞结构分离density gradient密度梯度sufficient足够的pellet小球enveloped viruses包膜病毒macromolecules大分子hydrolysis水解rabies vaccine(狂犬疫苗) Isopycnic等密度repetitive重复的lipoprotein脂蛋白第三章lysis buffer裂解液Fungal cell 真菌细胞mould cell霉菌细胞Peptidoglycan肽聚糖polymer 高分子聚合物cross-linkage交联exponential growth phase (对数生长期) chitin几丁质glucan葡聚糖mannoproteins甘露糖蛋白polysaccharide多糖microfibrillar微原纤microfibrillar纤维素substance物质substrate底物pectin（果胶）Lignin（木质素）Intercellular layer胞间层Antioxidant抗氧化剂Protease inhibitors蛋白酶抑制剂cofactor辅助因子Homogenization匀浆Ultrasound（sonication）超声波agitated表现不安的grind磨碎collision碰撞parameter参数impingement（冲击）disruption破坏microorganisms微生物filamentous丝状的implode内爆momentarily即刻Plunger活塞duration持续时间第四章无定形物质(Amorphous)Isoelectric等电位的conversion转换solute溶质solvent溶剂morphology形态学dielectric constant介电常数property性质affinity reagents亲和试剂labile不稳定的hydrophobic(疏水作用) Pilot experiment预实验Preparative experiment制备性实验proteolysis蛋白质水解solubilization (溶解）saturated solutions饱和溶液Undergoes经受ammonia氨corrosive (腐蚀性) Residue残基，残留hence因此bulk体积容量dissolve使溶解equilibrate平衡Macromolecule高分子low flammability不易燃constituent atoms组成原子的repeating pattern重复构型spatial dimensions空间维度diffraction衍射thermodynamically热力学diagram图表metastable zone (亚稳区）elapse流逝Heterogeneous nucleation异相成核dust灰尘vessel容器impeller推进器curve曲线osmosis渗透sterile filtration无菌过滤acetone丙酮orientation方向category种类vapor diffusion蒸汽扩散第五章Modest谦虚的，适度的reverse osmosis 反渗透(RO)nanofiltration纳滤(NF) ultrafiltration超滤(UF)microfiltration微滤(MF)gas separations气体分离(GS) pervaporation渗透蒸发(PV)hemodialysis血液透析(HD)electrodialysis电渗析(ED)ion exchange离子交换(IX) ceramic陶瓷microstructure显微结构cross section横截面Symmetric对称Asymmetric不对称;Composite复合的Dialysis透析schematic原理图macromolecules（大分子）Multivalent ions（多价离子）retain保持monovalent ions（单价离子）sulfur dioxide二氧化硫chlorine氯hydrogen sulfide(硫化氢) neutral form中性coefficients（系数）phenol（苯酚）benzene（苯）Ultrapure water超纯水desalination脱盐brackish含盐的array排列，数组intake摄入deterioration恶化cellulose acetate醋酸纤维Viable cell活细胞element元素boric acid硼酸reproductive tract生殖系统moderate温和的polysaccharide多糖Hydrostatic pressure静水压力sieving筛选electrostatic（静电）globular protein球状蛋白retentivity记忆力，保持力permeate flux（渗透通量）concentration polarization浓差极化deposition沉积作用backflushing反冲hydrophilic亲水的adhesion粘附reversible可逆的penetration渗透plug塞irreversible不可逆的Flush用水冲flux水通量restoration恢复Sponge海绵Paint涂料column chromatography柱层析Hemodialysis 血液透析metabolite代谢物intermittently间歇得Completion完成retentate滞留物。
生化翻译和名解
英汉互译：1.肽：Peptide2.结构域：domain3.变性：denaturation4.碱基：base5.双螺旋：double helix6.酶：enzyme7.核酶：ribozyme8.酶原：zymogen9.同工酶：isoenzyme10.变构调节：allosteric regulation11.共价修饰调节：covalent modification12.呼吸链：respiratory chain13.氧化磷酸化：oxidative phosphorylation14.葡萄糖：glucose15.糖酵解：glycolysis16.有氧氧化：aerobic oxidation17.三羧酸循环：tricarboxylic acid cycl18.柠檬酸循环：citrate cycle19.磷酸戊糖途径：pentose phosphate pathway20.糖原：glycogen21.糖异生：gluconeogenesis22.血糖：blood sugar23.脂类：lipid24.甘油三酯：triglyceride25.磷脂：phospholipid26.胆固醇: cholesterol27.脂蛋白：lipoprotein28.脂肪酸：fatty acid29.酮体：ketone bodies30.乳糜微粒：chylomicra, CM31.极低密度脂蛋白：very low density lipoprotein, VLDL32.低密度脂蛋白：low density lipoprotein, LDL33.高密度脂蛋白：high density lipoprotein, HDL34.转氨基作用：Transamination35.关键酶：key enzyme36.半保留复制：semiconservative replication37.端粒：telomere38.逆转录酶：reverse transcriptase39.编码链：coding strand40.外显子：exon41.内含子：intron42.剪接：splicing43.启动子：promoter44.反密码子：anticodon45.信号肽：signal peptide46.翻译：translation47.遗传密码：genetic code48.生物转化：biotransformation49.胆汁酸：bile acid50.蛋白激酶：protein kinase名词解释（50个）1.结构域：指一些较大的蛋白质分子，其三级结构中具有两个或多个在空间上可明显区别的局部区域。
常见生化项目中英文对照
常见生化项目中英文对照常见生化项目TP Protein total 总蛋白 ALB Albumin 白蛋白/清蛋白PA Prealbumin 前白蛋白FER Ferritin 铁蛋白IMA Ischemia modified albumin 缺血修饰白蛋白 TRF Transferrin 转铁蛋白TC/Cho Total Cholesterol determination 总胆固醇TG Triglycerides 甘油三酯APOA1 Apolipoprotein-A1 载脂蛋白A1 APOB Apolipoprotein-B 载脂蛋白B APOE Apolipoprotein-E 载脂蛋白E Lp(a) Lipoprotein(a) 脂蛋白a HDL-C HDL-Cholesterol 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 LDL-C LDL-Cholesterol 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 CO2 Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳NaHCO3 Bicarbonate 碳酸氢钠GLU Glucose 葡萄糖GLU-HK(hexokinase method) 葡萄糖己糖激酶法 GLU-OX 葡萄糖氧化酶法HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin /Hemoglobin A1c 糖化血红蛋白A1GA/GSP Glycated Albumin 糖化白蛋白 UREA Urea 尿素CREA Creatinine 肌酐TBA Total Bile Acids 总胆汁酸SA Sialic acid 唾液酸UA Uric acid 尿酸DB-VA Bilirubin direct 直接胆红素 TB-VA Bilirubin total 总胆红素LAC Lactate /Lactic acid 乳酸HCY Homocystein 同型半胱氨酸β2-MG β2-Microglobulin β2-微球蛋白 CYS-C Cystain-C 胱抑素-CRBP Retinol binding protein 视黄醇结合蛋白 HS-CRP hs-CRP/High-sensitive C-Reactive Protein 超敏-C反应蛋白5?-NT 5?-Nucleotidase 5-核糖核苷酸水解酶 ADA Adenosine deaminase 腺苷脱氨酶AFU a-L-fucus glycosidase a-L-岩藻糖苷酶 a-HBDH a-hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase a-羟丁酸脱氢酶 ALP Alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶ALT/GPT Alanine aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶 AST Aspartate transaminase 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶 GGT Gamma-GT/γ-glutamine acylase γ-谷氨酰基转移酶 LAP Leucine aminopeptidase 亮氨酸氨基肽酶 LDH Lactate 乳酸脱氢酶CHE Cholinesterase 胆碱酯酶CK Creatine kinase 肌酸激酶CK-MB Creatine kinase isoenzyme 肌酸激酶同工酶 P-AMY Amylase pancreatic 胰淀粉酶a-AMY a-Amylase a-淀粉酶LPS Lipase 脂肪酶ASO Antistreptolysin O/ Anti O 抗链球菌溶血素O RF Rheumatiod factor 类风湿因子C3 Complement C3 补体C3C4 Complement C4 补体C4IgA Immunoglobulin A 免疫球蛋白AIgG Immunoglobulin G 免疫球蛋白GIgM Immunoglobulin M 免疫球蛋白MDD D-Dimer D二聚体 Ca Calcium 钙Mg Magnesium 镁Fe Serum Iron 铁Cu Copper 铜Zn Zinc 锌Li Lithium 锂K Potassium 钾Na Sodium 钠Cl Chloride 氯P Phosphate Inorganic 无机磷 TIBC 血清总铁结合力Osmolality 渗透压ACP Acid phosphatase(non prostatic) 酸性磷酸酶(非前列腺)Acid phosphatase(prostatic) 酸性磷酸酶(前列腺)GLDH 谷氨酸脱氢酶MB Myoglobin 肌红蛋白 CTn Troponin I 肌钙蛋白I 5-HIAA 5-羟吲哚乙酸。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Chapter 14 Protein Biosynthesis
第十四章 蛋白质的生物合成
Antibiotics 抗生素 Cap-site binding protein 帽子结合蛋白 Chloromycetin 氯霉素 Diphtheria toxin 白喉毒素 Eukaryote 真核生物 Genetic code 遗传密码 Insulin 胰岛素 Interferon 干扰素 Molecular chaperone 分子伴侣 Parathyroid hormone 甲状旁腺激素 Streptomycin 链霉素 Translational initiation complex 翻译起始复合物 Transpeptidase 转肽酶
丝氨酸／苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酶
Chapter 12 DNA Biosynthesis 第十二章 DNA生物合成
Bidirectional replication 双向复制 Endonuclease 内切核酸酶 Exonuclease 外切核酸酶 Gene expression 基因表达 Polymerases 聚合酶类 Primase 引发酶 Primosome 引发体 Proliferating cell nuclear antigen 增殖细胞核抗原 Recombination repairing 重组修复 Replicon 复制子 Reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶 Semiconservative replication 半保留复制 Single stranded DNA binding protein 单链DNA结合蛋白 Telomerase 端粒酶 Telomere 端粒 DNA topoisomerase DNA拓扑异构酶
Chapter 1 Nucleic Acid 第一章 核酸
Adenine 腺嘌呤 Adenosine 腺苷 Adenosine monophosphate 腺苷一磷酸 Chromatin 染色质 Cytosine 胞嘧啶 Cytidine 胞苷 Deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸 Double helix 双螺旋 Genome 基因组 Genomics 基因组学 Guanine 鸟嘌呤 Guanosine 鸟苷
Chapter 11 Metabolic Regulation 第十一章 代谢调节
Chemical modification 化学修饰 Diabetes mellitus 糖尿病 Inducer 诱导物 Rate limiting enzymes 限速酶 Repressor 阻遏物 Serine/threonine protein phosphatase
Chapter 5 Enzymes 第五章 酶
Abzyme 抗体酶 Substrate 底物 Allosteric enzyme 变构酶 Competitive inhibition 竞争性抑制 Double reciprocal plot 双倒数作图 Essential group 必需基团 Hydrolases 水解酶类性抑制 Isomerases 异构酶类
Very low density lipoprotein 极低密度脂蛋白
Chapter 9 Protein Catabolism
第九章 蛋白质的分解代谢
S-adenosyl methionine S－腺苷蛋氨酸 Aminotransferase 氨基转移酶 Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶 Creatine phosphate 磷酸肌酸 Glutaminase 谷氨酰胺酶 Glutamate dehydrogenase 谷氨酸脱氢酶 Homocysteine 同型半胱氨酸 Nitrogen balance 氮平衡 Norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate 3’-磷酸腺苷 5’-磷酸硫酸 Polyamine 多胺 Proteosome 蛋白酶体 Purine nucleotide cycle 嘌呤核苷酸循环 Putrefaction 腐败作用 Spermine 精胺 Transaminase 转氨酶 Ubiquitin 泛素
Phosphatidyl ethanolamine 磷脂酰乙醇胺
Phosphatidyl inositol 磷脂酰肌醇 Prostaglandin 前列腺素 Sphingomyelin 鞘磷脂 Squalene 鲨烯 Triglyceride 甘油三酯 Triacylglycerol 三脂酰甘油 Thromboxane 血栓噁烷
Chapter 13 RNA Biosynthesis 第十三章 RNA生物合成
Cis-acting element 顺式作用元件 Hybrid duplex 杂化双链 Posttranscriptional processing 转录后加工 Promoter 启动子 Small nuclear RNA 小核RNA Splicesome 拼接体 Template strand 模板链
Ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸 Biotin 生物素 Carotenoid 类胡萝卜素 Cholecalciferol 胆钙化醇 Cobalamin 钴胺素 Flavin adenine dinucleotide 黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸 Multiprenylmenaquinone 多异戊烯甲基萘醌 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 Pantothenic acid 泛酸 Pyridoxal phosphate 磷酸吡哆醛 Retinol binding protein 视黄醇结合蛋白 Riboflavin 核黄素 Tetrahydrofolic acid 四氢叶酸 Thiamin pyrophosphate 焦磷酸硫胺素 Tocopherol 生育酚
Heparan 类肝素 Heparan sulfate 硫酸类肝素 Hyaluronic acid 透明质酸 Integrin 整合蛋白 Keratan sulfate 硫酸角质素 Laminin 层连蛋白 Proteoglycan 蛋白聚糖 Selectin 选择素
Chapter 4 Vitamins 第四章 维生素
Chapter 2 Proteins 第二章 蛋白质
Alanine 丙氨酸 Amino acids 氨基酸 Arginine 精氨酸 Asparagine 天冬酰胺 Aspartic acid 天冬氨酸 Cysteine 半胱氨酸 Glutamic acid 谷氨酸 Glutamine 谷氨酰胺 Glutathione 谷胱甘肽 Glycine 甘氨酸 Hemoglobin 血红蛋白 Histidine 组氨酸 Isoleucine 异亮氨酸 Leucine 亮氨酸 Lysine 赖氨酸 Methionine 蛋氨酸
Glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶
Glycogen 糖原 Glycogenesis 糖原生成 Glycogenolysis 糖原分解 Glycolysis 糖酵解 Hexokinase 己糖激酶
-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions Ligases 连接酶类 Lyases 裂合酶类 Oxidoreductases 氧化还原酶类 Prosthetic group 辅基 Reversible inhibition 可逆性抑制 Specificity 特异性 Transferases 转移酶类 Zymogen 酶原
Chapter 10 Nucleotide Metabolism 第十章 核苷酸的代谢
De novo synthesis 从头合成 6-mercaptopurine 6-巯基嘌呤 Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate 磷酸核糖焦磷酸 Salvage pathway 补救途径 Thioredoxin reductase 硫氧还蛋白还原酶
Chapter 8 Lipid Metabolism 第八章 脂类代谢
Acetoacetate 乙酰乙酸 Acyl carrier protein 酰基载体蛋白 Apolipoprotein 载脂蛋白 Arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸 Cardiolipin 心磷脂
Carnitine acyl transferase 肉碱－脂酰转移酶
Messenger RNA 信使RNA Nucleoside triphosphate 核苷三磷酸 Nucleosome 核小体 Purine 嘌呤 Pyrimidine 嘧啶 Ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸 Ribosomal RNA 核糖体RNA Ribozyme 核酶 Transfer RNA 转运RNA Uracil 尿嘧啶 Uridine 尿苷
酶促反应动力学
Chapter 6 Carbohydrate Metabolism 第六章 糖代谢
Aerobic oxidation 有氧氧化 Citrate synthase 柠檬酸合酶 Fructose-6-phosphate 果糖-6-磷酸 Gluconeogenesis 葡糖异生 Glucose 葡萄糖
Chapter 7 Biologic Oxidation 第七章 生物氧化
Catalase 过氧化氢酶 Cytochrome 细胞色素 Electron transfer chain 电子传递链 Flavoprotein 黄素蛋白 Glycerophosphate shuttle 磷酸甘油穿梭 Iron-sulfur protein 铁硫蛋白 Malate-aspartate shuttle 苹果酸－天冬氨酸穿梭 Monooxygenase 加单氧酶 Oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化 Perioxidase 过氧化物酶 Superoxide dismutase 超氧化物歧化酶 Ubiquinone 泛醌