ed分词 ppt课件
3__-ing分词_ed-分词

-ing 分词和-ed 分词
1、主语 注意:此时,主语和表语要同时采用-ING分词或同时采用 不定式形式,即平行结构,否则被认为不正确。但在动词 seem, prove, appear后面,通常只跟to be。 Climbing the mountain seems to be hopeless, for it’s raining hard. 用it 作形式主语, -ING分词用在下列结构中: It is/was + 特定adj. / n. + -ing分词 Adj. : nice, better, foolish, enjoyable, fun, good, useless n. : any /some/no good, any /some /no use, a waste of time Is it any good trying to explain? It’s no use crying over spilt milk. .
(5) begin, start 下列情况只能用to do 作宾语 begin, start 本身为进行体: I was beginning to get angry. 如所接动词为表示心理活动的动词,如 understand, realize, know等。 They began to realize what she really want. 如所接动词后又要加不定式,则前一动词用ING分词,以避免重复。 They began deciding to do….
1.有明显的先后 Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us. I was unable to go with you, having promised to accompany my girlfriend to the concert. 2. 无明显的先后 Locking the door, he went home. Hearing the joke, we burst out laughing. 比较: Finding the door locked, I went home. (时间) I went home, finding the door locked. (结果) 分词动作晚于谓语动作,此时分词短语要置于句末。
非谓语动词(动词ing形式和动词ed形式)课件

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Hale Waihona Puke 动词ed形式可以作为状 语,表示动作发生的时 间、原因、条件等。
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例如:He was born in 1990.(他出生于1990 年。)
动词ed形式与分词的区别
动词ed形式与分词在语法功能和用法 上存在显著差异。
例如:I have seen the movie.(我 已经看过这部电影了。)(动词ed形 式)
动词ing形式表示正在进行的动作或行为,而动名词表示已经完成或结果的状态。
动词ing形式在句子中做主语或表语时,表示一个动作或行为,而动名词则表示一个 名词概念。
03 动词ed形式
动词ed形式的构成
动词ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成,规则动词的-ed形式一般直接在词尾加-ed。 例如:work -> worked,play -> played。
表示被动关系
如"The book was written by him."。
表示习惯或经常性的行为
如"He likes reading books."。
表示时间或条件状语
如"If you study hard, you will succeed."。
动词ing形式与动名词的区别
动词ing形式既可以作为谓语的一部分,也可以作为独立成分,而动名词只能作为谓 语的宾语或表语。
非谓语动词的语态
主动语态
表示非谓语动词所表示的动作是 由句子主语发出来的。
被动语态
表示非谓语动词所表示的动作不 是由句子主语发出来的,而是被 其他人或物完成的。
非谓语动词时态和语态的用法
过去分词可以用于描述已经完成 的动作或存在的状态,常与时间 状语连用,如“已经”、“已经 完成”、“已经达到”等。
英语 -ED分词 的用法

-ED分词-ED分词-ED分词(-ED Participle)即传统语法所指的“过去分词”(Past Participle), 是非限定动词之一。
-ED分词有两种形式:规则动词形式和不规则动词形式。
规则动词形式由规则动词+-ED 构成;不规则动词有其特殊的-ED分词。
在语法功能上,它在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING 分词相同,可以作表语,定语,状语,也可以用在复合结构中,不管它作什么成分,其最基本的含义是“被动”的。
-ED分词在语法功能和意义上与-ING分词有一定的区别。
一、-ED分词与-ING分词的区别虽然在语法功能上,-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同,但在意义上两者有差别:-ED分词表示被动的意义而-ING分词则表示主动的意义;-ED分词表示已经完成和被动的动作而-ING分词则表示一般性的或正在进行的动作,在表现形式上,-ING分词有“一般式”和“完成式”与“主动式”和“被动式”之分;而-ED分词只有一种形式。
下边我们分析-ING 分词与-ED分词在语法功用上的区别。
1. 作表语时,-ING分词表示主语所具有的特征而-ED分词表示主语所处的状态The book is quite interesting. I am interested in the book very much.The play is more exciting than any I have ever seen.That piece of land lay deserted.2. 作状语时-ING分词表示主语正在进行的另一动作而-ED分词则表示主语发生动作的背景或情况1) Having been served lunch,_________ .[A]the problem was discussed by the members of the committee[B]the committee members discussed the problem[C]it was discussed by the committee members the problem[D]a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee (B) 2) _______for her anthropological(人类学的) research,Margaret Mead also was involved with(涉及) the World Federation for Mental Health.[A] She is noted primarily[B] Noted primarily[C] Primarily is noted[D] She primarily noted (B)3) Considered one of the leading poets in America today,___________ .[A]a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez[B]Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays[C]a number of Sonia Sanchez's books and plays have been written[D]there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez (B) 3. 作定语时,①-ING分词表示正在进行的动作,而-ED分词表示动作发生在谓语动词之前;②-ING分词表示它所修饰的词经常或当时的状态,而-ED分词则没有时间性;③-ING分词表示主动,而-ED分词表示被动Identify and correct:1)The boiled [A]point of any liquid [ B]is determined[C]by the pressure [D]of the surrounding gases. 将boiled 改成boiling2)High-grade [A]written [B]paper is frequently [C]obtained [D]from cotton rags.将written 改成writing3)Scientists [A]still cannot find [B]any convinced[C]link between intelligence [D]and the quantity or quality of brain cells. 将convinced 改成convincing解析:1)A错。
-ed form

有些-ed分词通常不能单独用作前置修饰语,但如 果 加上前缀un-或者为副词所修饰而构成“副词+ed分 词”的复合形容词以后,便可作前置修饰语。例: uninvited guests badly-built house an unexpected happening newly-born child
-ED分词 分词
1.-ed分词在名词词组中做前置修饰语 分词在名词词组中做前置修饰语 分词在名词词组中做 2.在句中作主语补语 在句中作主语补语 在句中作 3.在句中作宾语补语 在句中作宾语补语 在句中作
-ed分词做前置修饰语
• 来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语 来自及物动词的前置修饰语通常带有被动意义 和完成意义;而有上述用法的-ing分词有的来自 及物动词,有的来自不及物动词,通常带有主 动意义和未完成意义。比较: a recorded talk a recording machine frozen food a freezing wind
• When driving carelessly, it is easy to have an accident. • Opening the cupboard, a skeleton fell out. 3.在脱离上下文的情况下,应该避免“悬垂”现象。 Standing on the church tower,the whole village could be seen .
• 来自不及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语 来自不及物动词的-ed分词很少能单独用作前置修 饰语,能做这种用法的仅限于retire,escape, return等(详见252页),这些前置修饰语仅表示完 成意义,不表示被动意义。例: Fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen A grown man=a person who has grown to a man’s size
语法讲座之-ed分词

语法讲座之-ed分词基本概念1. 分词的定义动词的-ed分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。
2. 过去分词的语法作用:过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词,在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
1) 过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
如:Dont touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的。
He is quite pleased with the design of the dress.她很喜欢那礼服的式样。
2) 过去分词做定语:单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句。
如:The excited people rushed into the building.激动的人们奔进了大楼。
We need more qualified teachers.我们需要更多合格的教师。
过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句。
如:Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗?The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。
如:The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.这些书是鲁迅写的,受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。
The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功,共有一千个学生出席了。
3) 过去分词做状语:过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
高中英语语法专题第十五章 动词的-ed分词

第十五章动词的-ed分词-ed分词即传统语法中所说的过去分词,它也是一种非谓语动词。
一、-ed分词的句法功能(一)作定语作定语的-ed分词如果是单词,一般放在它所修饰的名词前面,它表示被动和完成,而-ing形式作前置定语则表示主动和进行含义。
比较:boiled water开水 boiling water沸腾的水frozen food 冷冻食品 a freezing wind刺骨寒风developed countries 发达国家 developing countries发展中国家-ed分词短语作定语,要放在它所修饰的名词后面。
如:He started a new programme called "communism".他提出一项称之为"共产主义"的新纲领。
People developed a kind of paper made from the fibres of plants.人们研制出一种用植物纤维制成的纸。
This is one of the houses built last year.这是去年建的一所房子。
(二)做宾语补足语在某些动词如hear,see,make,find,keep等后可用-ed分词作宾补,表示一个被动的已完成的动作。
如:What should you do if you find a person trapped under a car?如果发现有人被压在车下,你该怎么办?I found all the windows broken.我发现所有的窗子都被打破了。
[注意]“have/get sth.+-ed分词作宾补”的不同含义“have/get sth.+-ed分词作宾补”归纳起来有3种不同含义:1.表示让/叫别人(为自己)做某事。
如:He's going to have his hair cut.他要去理发。
She had her house repaired.她(请人)修理了房屋。
ed-分词

1.作状语
过 去 分 词
2.作定语 3.作宾补 4.作表语
过去分词
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式, 表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子 中可以充当状语、定语,表语和宾 补等成分。
动词-ed形式的特征
1 动词-ed形式表示已完成的动作。 除了作形容词用的动词-ed形式外,动词-ed 形式可带有完成的意义,有的同时也带有被动的 意义。 Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. One of the glasses was found broken. The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.
过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间
存在着逻辑上的被动关系, 且表示该动
作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语, 通常置于被修饰的词的前面, 而分词短 语作定语, 则须置于被修饰词的后面。
C 动词-ed形式作定语
1 前置定语 单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名 词之前,作前置定语。 A watched pot never boils. All the broken doors and windows have been repaired. When we arrived, we each were given a printed question paper. 提 示 如要表示强调,单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定 语。Money spent is more than money earned.
③动词-ed形式作keep或leave的宾语补足语。 They all went home, leaving all the work undone.
ed分词英语语法详解

ed分词英语语法详解1一、-ED分词作表语The glass is broken. / He was amused. / She seemed quite disappointed. / He is greatly discouraged by her refusal of inviting her to the party. / The window remains locked.已经形容词化了的-ED分词大都作表语,常见的有:accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, deserted, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, dressed, drunk, exhausted, excited, experienced, fadded, fascinated, frightened, hurt, inexperienced, interested, known, learned, lost, married, pleased, puzzled, qualified, satisfied, surprised, tired, unprepared, unqualified, unkown, upset, worried, wounded等。
二、作定语的-ED分词-ED分词可以作前置定语也可以作后置定语,作后置定语时相当于一个定语从句1) Commercial banks make most of their income from interest on loans and investments in stocks and bonds.[A] earn [B] earned [C] to earn[D] was earned2) On his return from his college, he found the house .[A] deserting[B] deserted[C] desert[D] to be deserted3) The age [A] of a geological sample can be estimated [B] from the ratio of radioactive to nonradioactive carbon present [C] in the object is examined [D] .ed分词英语语法详解2三、用作状语的-ED分词这样的-ED分词通常来自及物动词。
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• Task1:肖敏萍(639087) • Task2:谢文静(638946) • Task3:刘苑(638960)
教学目标
• 一-ed分词的功能
• 1.作定语 • 2.作表语 • 3.作补语 • 4.作状语
• 二-ed分词分句
• 1.-ed分词分句的结构模式 • 2.-ed分词分句的句法功能(重点)
• 例如: • a retired worker = a worker who has retired • an escaped prisoner = a prisoner who has escaped • fallen leaves = leaves that have fallen
• 某些来自不及物动词的-ed分词,单独一个词不可以作前 置修饰语(如不可以说a behaved boy, a traveled businessman),但若与某些副词构成复合形容词,便可 作前置修饰语。
• 三-ed分词与-ing分词的区别
过去分词的构成与形式
• 规则动词的过去分词由原形动词后加-ed构成,不规则动词的 过去分词没有统一的规则,需特别记忆。过去分词保留了动 词的许多特征,因此在句中可有自己的状语和逻辑主语,及 物动词的过去分词形式还可以有自己的宾语,其否定形式是 在过去分词前加not,它只有一般式。
• 例如: • well-behaved children=children who behave well • a widely-travelled businessman=one who has traveled
widely
补充:
• 只有及物动词才有被动语态, 但不及物动词 加介词构成动介词组相当于一个及物动词,所 以也有被动语态
• Eg:The stolen car was found by the police last week. • 那辆被偷的汽车被警察上周找到了。
• The meeting held last week is of great importance • 上周被召开的会议很重要。
• The meeting which was held last week is of great importance
• uninvited guests
badly-built house
• untold sufferings
far-fetched reasons
• unheard-of stories
newly-born children
• an undetermined boundary half-baked ideas
• eg:Given enough care,the children can cooperation better . • 如果给予足够的关心,孩子们会合作得更好。(带有自己的
宾语)
• Greatly encouraged ,we make up our mind to carry on the hard work.
• 由于受到很大鼓舞,我们决心将艰苦的工作进行到底。 Not treated in time,the injured women died soon.
• 由于没有得到及时的治疗,那个受伤的女人很快就死了。
一、-ed 分词的功能
• 1、-ed分词作前置修饰语(定语)
• -ed分词作前置修饰语通常来自及物动词,少数来自不及物动词。分述如 下:
• The matter being discussed is of vital importance. • 正在讨论的的问题是至关重要的。(过去分词的进行
时作定语)
• 有些-ed分词通常不能单独使用作前置修饰语,但 若加前缀un-或者为副词所修饰而构成“副词+-ed 分词”的复合形容词以后,便可作作前置修饰语。 例如:
• 1)来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰 • 来自及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语通常带有被动意义和完成意义;而
能作上述用法的-ing分词有的来自及物动词,有的来自不及物动词,通常 带有主动意义和未完成意义。试比较:
• frozen food
a freezing wind
• a bored traveler
• a recorded talk
a recording machine
• a closed shop
the closing hour
• written language
writing paper
• Eg:a used stamp.一枚用过的邮票
• a broken window.一扇破碎的窗户
• 2、单个过去分词作定语,常放在修饰词的前面,过 去分词短语作定语,常放在修饰词的后面,相当于一 个定语从句。
a boring journey
• a lost cause
a losing battle
• a conquered army
a conquering army
• a finished article
the last finishing touch
• the spoken word
a speaking bird
• an unedited story industry
highly-developed
• an unexpected happening a properly-started engine
• 2)来自不及物动词的-ed分词作前置修饰语
• 来自不及物动词的-ed分词很少能单独用作前置修饰语, 能作这种用法的仅限于下面几个词,这些前置修饰语仅表 示完成意义,不表示被动意义。
• 如 look after , wait for 等
• Eg:he was looked after by his mother
2、过去分词作表语
1)过去分词作表语,常用于“主—系—表”结构中,说明主语所处 的一种状态,此时过去分词大多已变成了形容词,可以用作 表语的过去分词有: accustomed, amazed, amused, astonished, bored, broken, closed, decided, dedicated, delighted, devoted, disappointed, discourage, distinguished, educated, embarrassed, excited, exhausted, fascinated, frightened, interested, known, limited, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, shocked, surprised, terrified, tired, upset, worried等: Eg:I was amazed at the news.听到这消息我很惊讶。