水电站项目常见标书词汇表
【专业文档】水利水电工程英文词汇.doc
国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixture 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter andIndexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩clay rock 黏土岩chemical rock 化学岩biolith 生物岩conglomerate 砾岩siltstone 粉砂岩mudstone 泥岩shale 页岩saline rock 盐岩limestone 石灰岩dolomite 白云岩marl 泥灰岩volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩volcanic agglomerate 火山块集岩tuff 凝灰岩metamorphic rock 变质岩slate 板岩phyllite 千枚岩schist 片岩gneiss 片麻岩quartzite 石英岩marble 大理岩mylonite 糜棱岩migmatite 混合岩cataclasite 碎裂岩sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石。
水电站工程500词
abrasion test磨损试验abutment 桥基access and service roads通路和便道accessory 附件，零件adapter 接合器，承压管adhesive粘合剂agitator搅动机air valve 气阀，气门air-feed leg drill气腿钻ammeter 电流变，安培计amplifier 放大器amplitude 振幅analyzer 分析器anchor bolt锚栓，锚杆anchor 锚，铰钉autocrane汽车吊base course基层batching plant拌合站bay（电线）杆间距离,跨度bearer 托架，支座bearing plate, 承压板bearing stress 承载应力，承压应力bearing 轴承bench marks基准点bending load 弯曲载荷bifurcation 分流，分支bifurcations支管bitumen沥青blockage concrete 封堵混凝土blocks挡块boards面板bolts 螺栓borrow areas/pit取土坑bottom anchor，底部锚固bottom outlet 泄水底孔,泄洪底孔bracket托座brake 制动器，闸breaking hammers破碎锤bucket水桶bulk cement 散装水泥bulkheads隔水壁bulldozer推土机bumper 缓冲器butterfly valve 蝶形阀butt接缝cabinets配电柜calibrate 校准，检查camps营地cant斜面capacitance 电容，容量castings 铸件catch-water dam挡水坝caulking嵌缝cave in塌方cement grouting水泥灌浆cement mortar水泥砂浆cement slurry水泥渣cement 水泥ceramic tile瓷砖chamfering strip 倒角条channel 管道，槽钢，水渠chipping碎屑chisel凿子chute斜槽circuit breaker 断路器clamp 夹紧装置，金具clamshell抓斗clay core粘土心墙clayey mud粘泥土cleat夹板clevis u U形夹coarse aggregate粗骨料cobble圆石, 鹅卵石cofferdam 围堰coil 线圈column 柱，架，座commissioning调试compaction压实compactor压路机/路面平整机compressed air 压缩空气compressive strengths耐压强度compressors 空压机concrete linings混凝土衬砌concrete 混凝土conductor导体conduits线管cone valve 锥形阀construction adit 施工支洞construction joint施工缝contactor 接触器，触头，开关contour 等高线convey运输corner bead护角条coupler 联接器cracks裂缝crane起重机crawler tractors 履带牵引车crawler履带车cross arm横臂，横撑，托架crusher破碎器cylinder圆筒dam大坝dead load 恒载，静载荷debris 碎石，碎片dent 凹痕detector 探测器dewatering 泄水，放水dial gauge指示表diaphragm walls隔水墙diesel generator柴油发电机dike水坝discharge pit泄水坑ditch 明沟，沟渠diversion tunnels导流渠domestic water 生活用水dovetail slot 楔形槽draft tube 尾水管drain hole排水孔drain works排水工程drains排水沟drill holes钻孔drill rig 钻机，穿孔机drop shaft竖井drums 卷筒dust control防尘dyke堤坝earthfill / rockfill dam 土/石坝electric arc 电弧焊electric discharges放电electrical blasting电力爆破electrode 电极，焊条electromechanical works 机电工程elephant trunk混凝土输送管elongation延长，拉长embankment路堤embedded steel structures 预埋钢结构embedded 嵌入的，压入的enamel 搪瓷，瓷釉energy dissipating 消力engines发动机epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆erection安装evacuate 抽空，疏散excavation line 开挖线excavation 开挖excitation 励磁exhaust排气expansion joints伸缩缝explosives爆破eyebolt吊环螺栓face of heading/heading face /working face掌子面fault 断层feeder进料器feeding 馈电fence围栏fiberboard纤维板filter 过滤层finish coat抹面层fire fighting equipment灭火设备firing angle 点火角，点弧角(磁放大器) fissures沟缝flame cut火焰切割flange 凸缘，法兰焊float valve 浮阀，浮球阀flow 流量flumes水道forgings 锻件fork lift叉车formwork模板fresh concrete 新浇混凝土friction 摩擦力，阻力fuel station燃料站fuse熔断器gallery 地道gantry crane 龙门起重机gasket 垫料，密封垫gates闸门gauge 测量仪表gear 齿轮，传动装置general layout平面图generator发电机governor 调控器，调速器grab-bucket 抓斗gradient 坡度gravel砾石gravity 重力grease 润滑剂、油脂grinder 研磨机，磨床ground wire.接地线grout水泥浆guardrail护栏guest house警卫室guiding slot 导向槽gully沟渠hacksaw 弓锯，钢锯hand breaker手动破碎机hand drill 手钻，手持式风钻handchain hoist手动葫芦harmonic current 谐波电流，正弦电流headrace tunnel引水洞heat exchange 热交换，热传导high pressure water jet高压喷水hoisting capacity 起重能力，卷扬能力hopper漏斗horizontal stress 水平应力hydrated lime熟石灰hydraulic turbine 水轮机hydropower project水电工程immersion vibration插入式振捣indicating lights指示灯injector 灌浆机，喷嘴insulation 隔离，绝缘insulator string/chain绝缘子串intake gate 进水闸门intake sluice 进水闸internal wiring 内部线路iron loss 铁损，金属挠损jack 千斤顶jackhammer手提钻jamb 侧板jets of water and air喷水和喷气机joint filler接缝料key 键槽knob 球形把手lateral pressure侧压力lath 木板条lathe 车床leakage 渗漏lifting lugs 吊环lightning arresters 避雷器linear expansion 线性膨胀liner 衬砌，填料，混凝土模板lining衬砌lintel 过梁load loss 载荷损失loader装载机longitudinal 经度的，纵向的louver 天窗manholes 检修井masonry砌石membrane curing薄膜养护mercury 汞，水银metal fitting 金属装置metal-oxide 金属氧化物mineral oil 矿物油，石油mixer搅拌器modulus 模，系数moisture content 含水量，水分含量mud泥needle stroke 针杆行程net capacity 净容量net head 净水头，净落差nuts螺母oil station油料站orifice 孔口，管孔oscillation 振荡，波动outage 出口，损耗，停电over excavation超挖overall diameter 全径overbreak塌方overburden 表土overhead lines架空线panels仪表盘partial load 局部荷载peak voltage 峰值电压pendant 悬垂物，悬架penstocks 压力钢管perforate 穿孔perforated pipe 多孔管pilot rope导洞绳pipe/manifolds管道pipelines管线piping 输送，管道系统pitch circle 节圆placing spoil浇筑废料plaster 灰泥,灰浆,墙粉plastering 石膏工艺plastic soil 塑性土壤plywood 胶合板potable water饮用水pothole凹坑poured concrete 浇筑混凝土powder magazines炸药库, power generation system发电系统power supply system供电系统power tamper动力夯powerhouse厂房preassemble 预装preset 预置，预调pressure gauge 压力计pressure relief 卸压pressure tap 测压点，压力计接口proportioning配料protective works保护工程prototype 原型，样机pulley 滑轮，滑车pullout tests拉拔试验pulsation 脉动pumping systems泵送系统puncture voltage 击穿电压purifying 净化quarry 采石场rainfall rates降雨率raise climber爬罐rated power 额定功率recloser 自动开关，自动重合闸门rectangular section 矩形截面rectifier 整流器reduction gear 减速齿轮regulating valve 调节阀，溢流阀rehabilitation 修复，改善resonance 共振，谐振restore 恢复，修复reverse power 逆功率rip-rap乱石rising head 升水头river diversions导流road base 路基rockfill堆石rod 杆，棒，标尺rotation 旋转running water活水saddle dam 副坝sand bed 砂层scalability 可量测性scratch coat底涂层screed bed刮层screw type 螺旋式screws螺丝scrub擦洗sealing 密封seams缝隙sectional area断面/剖面/截面面积seepage 渗出，渗漏，冰水停积segregate 分离，隔离separator 离析器septic tank(s)化粪池sewerage下水道；城市排水shackle钩环shaft current 轴电流shaft heading竖井shaft vibration 轴向振动shear zones (faults) 剪切带shearing stress 抗剪应力，剪切应力sheaves 滑轮shim薄垫片shoes 履带shop testing 工厂试验shotcrete 喷浆混凝土side channel 侧渠silo筒仓，竖井sink 水池，水槽slabs板层slide gate 滑动门，拉门slot 缝，槽闸门槽，闩sluice 水闸，泄水道smooth blasting光面爆破socket 插座，套节sod 草地，草皮soft rock 软岩石soldering 焊接，低温焊soleplate 基础底板，予埋板span跨度，跨距spatula 抹刀，刮刀spigot 套管塞子spile 插管spillway溢洪道spiral case 蜗壳spoil area/waste area /waste storage/scrap yard/scrap terminal /scrapyard/ boneyard /spoilarea废料场spoil pile矸石堆stack 组套，叠加stage I works一期工程stainless steel rod (or rods) 不锈钢条（或钢条）stainless steel不锈钢stand pipe 立管，管柱standing water静水standstill 停止，静止start-up 启动，开机steel frame钢架steel pipe钢管steel rib钢肋steel structures painting 钢结构油漆涂料steelworks 钢厂stiffening 硬化stockpile储物堆stockpiling贮存stone pitching砌石护坡stoplog 叠梁strainer 过滤器，滤网stranded conductor 绞线stranding (线等的)股、缕string insulator 绝缘子串stripping excavation剥离开挖stripping 拆模strong steel cap强度钢套strut支柱，支撑架sump 集水坑，贮槽sumps污水坑supports支架surge chamber 闸门室surge shaft orifice调压井suspension悬挂，悬架switchyard 开关板，开关站synthetic rubber合成橡胶tailrace tunnel 尾水洞tamp 夯实tap 管嘴，开关tap-changer 抽头变换器tap-off 分接temporary roads临时道路tension 拉力，拉伸terminal block 接线盒test block 试体，试块theodolite 经纬仪threads cutting 切削螺纹thrust bearing 推力轴承，止推轴承tie rods 横拉杆timber 木材tolerance 公差，容许极限topsoil 表土torque 转矩trailer托车transducer 变换器，换能器transfer pipeline导流管道transfer trip 转接释放transfer tunnel导流洞transformation ratio 变压系数transformer yard变压站transformer 变压器，互感器transient 瞬变现象transmission lines输电线路transverse wind 横向风力trashracks 拦污栅traveling crane 桥式起重机，移动式起重机tremie 混凝土导管trenches沟渠triangulation stations三角测量站trolley 载重滑车trough水槽troweling抹灰trowel镘刀，抹刀tubing配管tunnel lining隧道衬砌turbidity 浑浊，混乱turbine 水轮机，涡轮机turbocharger 涡轮增压器turret (sentry-box )观望亭（岗亭）twist drill 螺旋钻，麻花钻twisted pair 双绞线underground powerhouse地下厂房uniformly distributed load 均布荷载unit feeder 单馈线valves阀门vee groove v形槽velocity 速度，速率vent tubes通风管ventilation 通风装置vertical axis 立轴vertical axis 竖轴，纵轴vertical shaft 立轴vibrating screen振动筛vibration damper 减震器vibration rod振捣棒vice 虎钳waling 围令walkie-talkie 步话机，无线电话wall frame 壁式框架，承托墙的框架warehouses仓库,washer垫圈water conveyance 输水设施water diversion tunnel 引水隧洞water level 水位，水平面water passage 水道water retaining works 挡水工程water transfer pump 输水泵water turbidity水的浑浊度waterhammer 水锤waterproof membrane防水膜watertight door密封门wattmeter 瓦特计，功率表wedge楔块,楔状物weep hole 泄水孔weld 焊接welded splice焊接接头welded wire 焊接钢丝welding joint 焊接头wheels轮子wicket gate 悬闸，导叶，边门winding 线圈，绕组wire ropes钢丝绳wire solder 焊线withstand voltage 耐压workmanship工艺wrench 扳手x-ray defectoscopex射线探伤仪zinc plating镀锌。
水电站常用术语
1.水电站：修建水工建筑物，安装水轮机组及辅助设备以及变电站的总体。
2.水能的转化过程：天然水能经输水道需损失一部分能量转化为可用水能，可用水能经水轮机转化为旋转机械能，再经发电机转化为电能。
3.出力：水轮机的输出功率，水轮机主轴传给发电机的功率。
4.水头：单位重量水体通过水轮机时的能量减小值。
5.最大水头：允许水轮机运行的最大净水头。
最小水头：保证水轮机安全稳定运行的最小净水头。
平均水头：在一定期间内，所有可能出现的水轮机水头的加权平均值。
设计水头：水轮机发出额定出力所需要的最小净水头。
6.流量：单位时间内通过水轮机的水量。
7.水能的开发方式：坝式、引水式、混合式。
8.水轮机：将水能转换成旋转机械能的一种水力原动机。
分类：反击式（混流、轴流、斜流、贯流）、冲击式（水斗、斜击、双击）。
9.反击式水轮机：利用水流势能和动能做功的水轮机。
特征：转轮的叶片为空间扭曲面，流过转轮的水流是连续的，在同一时间内水流充满转轮室。
工作原理：水流通过转轮，动量发生改变产生反作用力提供扭矩。
10.冲击式水轮机：利用水流动能来做功的水轮机。
特征：由喷管和转轮组成，水流以自由水流的形式冲击转轮，利用水流的动能产生旋转力矩，在同一时刻内水流只冲击转轮的一部分而不是全部。
原理：来自压力钢管的高压水流在进入水轮机之前变成高速自由射流，冲击转轮部分轮叶，在转轮约束下发生流速大小和方向的急剧改变，动能大部分传给轮叶，驱动转轮旋转。
11.反击式水轮机的主要部件：转轮、导水部件、引水部件、泄水部件。
12.各种水轮机标称直径的指示范围：混流式（指其转轮叶片进水边的最大直径）轴流式、斜流、贯流（指与转轮叶片轴线相交处转轮室内径）冲击式（指转轮与射流中心线相切处的节圆直径）13.蜗壳分类：金属蜗壳、钢筋砼蜗壳。
作用：使水流产生圆周运动，引导水流均匀轴对称进入座环。
14.蜗壳设计的基本要求：过水表面光滑平顺，保证水流均匀轴对称进入导水机构，水流进入导水机构前应具有一定的环量，具有合理的断面形状和尺寸，具有必要的强度和合适的材料。
水利水电工程英文专业词汇
水工建筑物专业词汇岸墙land wall坝顶dam crest，dam top坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe板桩sheet pile边墩side pier，land pier变形模量deformation modulus鼻坎bucket lip毕肖普法Bishop method冰压力ice pressure剥离desquamation侧槽式溢洪道side channel Spillway沉降settlement齿墙cut-off trench冲沙闸（排沙闸）silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法independent arch method刺墙key-wall大头坝massive-head buttress dam*buttress 是扶壁的意思单宽流量discharge per unit width单曲拱坝single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸tidal sluice导流隧洞river diversion tunnel倒悬度Overhang degree底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用earthquake action垫座cushion abutment动水压力hydrodynamic pressure断层fault堆石坝rock-fill dam多拱梁法multi-arch beam method阀门valve gate防浪墙wave wall防渗铺盖impervious blanket非常溢洪道emergency spillway分洪闸flood diversion sluice副坝auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block 拱坝arch dam拱冠梁crown cantilever拱冠粱法crown cantilever method工作桥service bridge固结灌浆consolidation grouting灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕grout curtain管涌piping海漫apron extension横缝transverse joint虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway蝴蝶阀butterfly valve护坡slope protection护坦apron弧形闸门radial gate滑雪道式溢洪道ski-jump spillway化学管涌chemical piping混凝土防渗墙concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam 基本断面primary section简化毕肖普法simplified Bishop method浆砌石拱坝stone masonry arch dam浆砌石重力坝stone masonry gravity dam交通桥traffic bridge接触冲刷contact scouring接触灌浆contact grouting接缝灌浆joint grouting截水槽cut-off trench节制闸check sluice进水口water inlet进水闸inlet sluice井式溢洪道shaft spillway静水压力hydrostatic pressure均质坝homogeneous earth dam抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性stability against sliding空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空注阀hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝slotted gravity dam宽尾墩flaring pier廊道gallery浪压力wave force理论计算theoretical computation拦河闸river sluice沥青混凝土asphalt concrete连拱坝multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法flow net method锚杆anchor rod面板face slab面流消能energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验model experiment泥沙压力silt pressure碾压混凝土坝Roller Compacted Concrete Dam 牛腿Corbel排沙隧洞silt-releasing tunnel排水drainage排水闸outlet sluice喷混凝土sprayed concrete平板坝flat slab buttress dam平面闸门plane gate破碎带crushed zone铺盖blanket砌石护坡stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam 人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层soft intercalated layer实用断面practical section试载法trial-load method双曲拱坝double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel 水力发电隧洞hydropower tunnel水利枢纽hydro-complex水力学方法hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸sluice弹性模量elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜geomembrane土石坝earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝earth dam with inclined soil wall 土质斜心墙坝earth dam with inclined soil core 土质心墙坝earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆curtain grouting温度荷载temperature load温度控制temperature control温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action无压隧洞free level tunnel消力池stilling pool消力戽roller bucket消能工energy dissipater泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel泄水建筑物discharge structure泄水孔outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙breast wall扬压力uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘plunge pool溢流坝overflow dam、翼墙wing wall应力分析stress analysis优化设计optimization design有限单元法finite element method有压隧洞pressure tunnel闸墩pier闸门gate闸门槽gate slot正槽式溢洪道normal channel spillway整体式重力坝monolithic gravity dam趾板toe slab支墩坝buttress dam重力坝gravity dam重力墩gravity abutment 周边缝peripheral joint 驻波standing wave锥形阀cone valve自由跌流free drop自重dead weight纵缝longitudinal joint键槽key strench伸缩缝contraction joint 施工缝construction joint 反弧段flip bucket拦污栅trash rack渐变段transition泄槽chute发电进水口power intake 通气管air vent检修门bulkhead gate事故门emergency gate 工作门service gate堰weir通气管air vent胸墙breast wall梁beam柱column回填混凝土backfill concrete 接地earth一期混凝土primary concrete 二期混凝土secondary concrete 叠梁门stoplog门机gantry crane止水waterstop钢筋reinforcement模板formwork围堰cofferdam马道bench；berm蜗壳volute水轮机turbine电站power house车间workshop发电机generator变电站transformer station副厂房auxiliary power house安装间erection bay尾水闸门tail lock尾水渠tailrace引水渠approach channel前池fore bay导墙lead wall隔墙partition wall接触灌浆contact grouting回填混凝土backfill concrete帷幕灌浆curtain grouting挡墙retaining wall港口harbour港口建筑物port structure船闸navigation lock船闸充水lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统locking filling and emptying system 船闸前池upper pool船闸上下游水位差lock lift船闸闸首lock head升船机ship elevator；ship lift鱼道fish canal旁通管by-pass 齿槽cut-off wall。
电站工程专业词汇
一、锅炉部分1．临界压力锅炉supercritical pressure boiler2. 亚临界压力锅炉subcritical pressure boiler3. 超高压锅炉super-high pressure boiler4. 蒸汽锅炉steam boiler5. 蒸汽发生器steam generator6. 液态排渣锅炉wet bottom boiler7. 固态排渣锅炉dry bottom boiler8. 燃煤锅炉coal-fired boiler9. 燃气锅炉Gas-fired boiler10.燃油锅炉oil-fired boiler11.自然循环锅炉natural circulation boiler12.汽包（锅筒）锅炉drum boiler13.强制循环锅炉controlled circulation boiler14.直流锅炉once-through boiler15.复合循环锅炉combined circulation boiler16.旋风炉cyclone furnace boiler17.沸腾炉fluidized bed combustion(FBC)boiler18.循环硫化床circulating fluidized bed combustion(FBC)boiler19.增压循环硫化床锅炉pressurized circulating fluidized bed combustion(PCFBC)boiler20.链条锅炉chain-grate boiler21.热水锅炉hot-water boiler22.废热（余热）锅炉water-heat boiler, heat recover steam generator(HRSG)23.启动锅炉start-up boiler24.厂用锅炉auxiliary boiler25.垃圾焚烧锅炉refuse-fired boiler, refuse incinerator27.露天锅炉outdoor boiler28.单炉膛锅炉single furnace boiler29.双炉膛锅炉twin furnace boiler30.W火焰锅炉W-flame boiler, vertical-fired boiler31.L火焰锅炉L-shape furnace boiler32.塔式锅炉tower boiler33.箱式锅炉box-type boiler34．炉墙furnace wall35. 汽包（锅筒）drum36.封头head37.汽包封头drum end plate, drum head38.下降管downcomer39.集中下降管centralized downcomer40.分散下降管distributed downcomer41.上升管riser42.管束（排）tube bundle43.管屏tube platen44.省煤器管economizer tube45.过热器管superheated tube46.再热器管reheater tube47.蛇形管coil48.吊挂管supporting tube49.引入管inlet pipe50.引出管outlet pipe51.饱和蒸汽管saturated steam pipe52.水冷壁管water wall tube53.鳍片管finned tube, fin tube, gilled tube54.内螺纹管rifled tube, grooved tube55.吸潮管moisture absorption piping56.水冷壁water wall57.膜式水冷壁membrane wall58.内螺纹水冷壁rifled tube water wall59.联箱header60.集汽联箱steam header61.卫燃带bailey wall, refractory belt62包墙管（包覆管）wall enclosure tube63.防渣管（弗斯顿管）slag screen, feston tube64.锅炉本体boiler proper65.锅炉机组boiler unit66.锅炉构架boiler structure67.炉膛boiler framework68.燃烧器furnace69.直流式燃烧器direct-flow burner70.旋流式燃烧器turbulent burner71.低NOX燃烧器low NOX burner72.摇摆式燃烧器tilting burner73.缝隙式燃烧器split burner74.燃烧室combustion chamber75.油枪oil gun torch76.风门damper77.一次风primary air78.二次风secondary air79.三次风tertiary air80.煤粉管道pulverized coal piping81.管板tube plate82.沸点boiling temperature83.过热器superheater84.前屏过热器front platen superheater85.后屏过热器rear plate superheater86.对流过热器convection superheater87.辐射过热器radiant superheater88.屏式过热器plate superheater89.顶棚过热器ceiling superheater90.包墙过热器wall enclosure superheater91.前包墙过热器front wall enclosure superheater92.后包墙过热器rear wall enclosure superheater93.侧包墙过热器side wall enclosure superheater94.吹灰器soot blower95.转动式吹灰器rotary soot bolwer96.伸缩式吹灰器retractable soot blower97.受热面积heating surface area, heat absorption area98.炉膛容积furnace volume99.炉膛热负荷furnace heat release rate, furnace heating absorption rate100.汽水分离器steam separator, moisture separator二、101.起动分离器starting separator102.再循环管recirculating piping103.暖风器steam air heater104.再热器reheater105.再热器冷段primary reheater106.再热器热段final reheater107.顶棚ceiling108.省煤器economizer109.管式省煤器tube economizer110.管式空气预热器tubular air preheater111.回转式（再生式）空气预热器regenerative air preheater, rotary air preheater 112.板式空气预热器plate air preheater113.空气预热器air preheater114.三分仓空气预热器trisector regenerative air preheater115.漏风系数air leakage coefficient116.漏风率air leakage ratio117.漏风系统air leakage system118.漏风试验air leakage test119.安全门safety valve120.安全门开启压力opening pressure of safety valve121.安全门回座压力safety valve reseating pressure122.安全门压力整定试验pressure setting test of safety valve123.安全门动作压力safety valve operating pressure124.饱和蒸汽安全门saturated steam safety valve125. 过热蒸汽安全门superheated steam safety valve126.再热蒸汽安全门reheated steam safety valve127.防暴门explosion vent128.检查孔inspection hole129.事故喷水阀emergency water spray valve130.汽包事故放水阀emergency drum drain valve131.三通阀three-way valve132.反冲洗阀back wash valve133.取样阀sampling valve134.插板gate135.给水大旁路门feedwater overall bypass valve136.给水小旁路门feedwater individual bypass valve137.大板梁plate girder, upper beam138.外护板outer casing139.锅炉排污blowdown140.定期排污扩容器intermittent blowdown flash tank141.连续排污扩容器continuous blowdown flash tank142.灰斗ash hopper143.冷灰斗bottom ash hopper, furnace hopper144.混合器mixer145.齿圈（大牙轮）ring gear, geared ring146.空调器air conditioner147.空气压缩机air compressor148.给煤机coal feeder149.皮带式给煤机belt coal feeder150.刮板式给煤机scraper coal feeder151.叶轮式给煤机paddle coal feeder152.给粉机pulverizer coal feeder153.磨煤机coal pulverizer, coal mill154.钢球磨煤机tube mill155.中速辊式磨煤机roller mill, bowl mill, disk roll mill156.双进双出钢求磨煤机double inlet and outlet tube mill 157.中速磨煤机medium speed mill158.风扇磨煤机beater wheel mill, beater mill159.排粉风机pulverized coal exhauster160.一次风机primary air fan161. 烟气再循环风机gas recirculation fan162.送风机forced draft fan, force fan163.引风机induced draft fan, induced fan164.离心风机centrifugal fan165.轴流风机axial-flow fan166.双速风机double speed fan167.轴流静叶可调风机adjustable static-blade axial-flow fan fixed pitch axial-flow fan168.轴流动叶可调风机adjustable moving-blade axial-flow fan variable pitch axial-flow fan169.原煤斗raw coal bunker, raw coal silo170.煤粉仓pulverized coal bunker171.输粉机pulverized coal conveyer172.刮板输粉机scraper pulverized coal conveyer173.螺旋输粉机pulverized coal screw conveyer174.粗粉分离器classifier175.细粉分离器（旋风分离器）cyclone separator176.锁气器air lock, flap177.减速机speed reduce178.看火孔observation hole179.人孔门man hole180.重油泵heavy oil pump181.重油加热器heavy oil heater182.汽-汽热交换器biflux183.煤气罐gas tank184.膨胀补偿节expansion joint185.直吹式制粉系统direct firing pulverizing system186.中贮式制粉系统bin storage type pulverizing system 187.锅炉效率boiler efficiency188.锅炉热力计算boiler thermodynamic calculation189.锅炉空气动力计算boiler aerodynamic calculation190.锅炉水循环计算boiler water circulation calculation 191.锅炉水力计算boiler hydrodynamic calculation192.锅炉强度计算boiler strength calculation193.锅炉热平衡boiler heat balance calculation194.正平衡法direct balance method195.反平衡法indirect balance method196.过剩空气系数excess air coefficient197.排烟温度flue gas temperature198.单位蒸量specific evaporation199.低温腐蚀low temperature corrosion200.高温腐蚀high temperature corrosion201.结渣lagging202.结垢腐蚀deposit corrosion203.飞灰磨损fly ash erosion204炉膛负压furnace draft205.最高允许温度maximum permissible temperature 206.炉膛正压furnace pressure207.水循环water circulation208.循环倍率circulation ratio209.除尘器dust collector, precipitator210.静电除尘器electrostatic precipitator211.整流装置rectifying device212.锤打装置rapping gear213.含尘浓度dust loading concentration214.煤灰细度dust fineness215.除尘效率dust collection efficiency216.干式除尘器dry dust collector217.湿式除尘器wet dust collector, scrubber218.文丘里除尘器venture scrubber219.布袋除尘器fabric filter, bag house220.钢珠除尘装置shot-cleaning device221.水膜式除尘器centrifugal scrubber222.灰渣泵ash pump, slag pump223.轴封泵shaft sealing pump224.灰浆泵ash slurry pump225.除尘水泵dedusting pump226.回收水池water recovery pond227.清水池clean water pond228.灰浆池ash slurry pond229.油泵坑oil pump pit230.灰库ash silo231.灰场ash yard232.灰坝ash yard dam233.耐火砖firebrick234.保温材料heat-insulating material235.干式除灰（气力除灰）pneumatic pressure ash handling 236.水力除灰hydraulic ash handling237.正压气力除灰pneumatic pressure ash handling238.负压气力除灰pneumatic pressure ash handling239.仓式泵fluidizing transporter240.空气斜槽airslide, air gravity conveyor241.灰渣分除bottom and fly ash separate handling242.灰渣混除bottom and fly ash mixed handling243.灰渣利用bottom and fly ash recovery244.排渣槽bottom ash hopper245.埋刮板捞渣机submerged slag conveyor246.螺旋式捞渣机screw slag conveyor247.碎渣机clinker grinder, slag crusher248.振动筛vibrating screen249.稳燃器flame stabiliaer250.燃烧器蜗壳burner spiral case251.雾化器atomization252.机械雾化mechanical atomization253.蒸汽雾化steam atomization254.空气雾化air atomization255.气固两相流动gas-solid two-phase flow256.闭路循环closed cycle257.蒸汽带水carryoery258.炉膛灭火boiler flame failure, boiler flame blackout 259.稳定燃烧stable combustion260.压力容器pressure vessel261.支吊架supports and hangers262.原煤管道raw coal piping263.风道air duct264.热风道hot air duct265.冷风道cold air duct266.穿墙套管wall-through bushing, wall-bushing267.伸缩节expansion joint268.送粉管道pulverized coal feed piping269.燃油管道fuel oil piping270.风管道air piping271.一次风管道primary air piping272.二次风管道secondary air piping273.落粉管pulverized coal chute274.除灰管道ash piping275.烟道gas dust, gas pass276.尾部烟道convection flue gas pass277.煤气管gas piping278.连续排污管continuous blowdown piping279.烟囱chimney, stack280.多管式烟囱multi-flue chimney281.燃烧combustion282.四角喷射燃烧corner firing283.燃烧速度combustion rate284.机械未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to mechanical incomplete combustion 285化学未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to chemical incomplete combustion 286.灰渣热损失heat loss due to sensible heat in refuse287.排烟热损失heat loss due to flue gas288.散热损失heat loss due to radiation289.热损失heat loss290.火焰flame291.不稳定燃烧instable combustion292.负压燃烧balance draft combustion293.微负压燃烧pressurized combustion294.炉膛容积热负荷furnace volume heat release rate295.炉膛温度furnace temperature296.锅炉水循环boiler water circulation297.偏离泡核沸腾departure from nucleate boiling(DNB)298.水压试验hydraulic test299.汽水共沸priming300.点火ignition301.点火准备ignition preparation302.着火点firing point, ignition temperature303.折焰角nose304.飞灰fly ash305.煤粉细度fineness of pulverized coal306.灰ash307.灰的熔化点ash fushion temperature, ash fushion point, ash melting point 308.可磨系数grindability index309.最大蒸发量maximum evaporation310.锅炉热平衡boiler heat balance311.超负荷运行overload operation312.正压positive pressure313.负压negative pressure314.理论空气量theoretical air quantity315.过剩空气量excess air quantity316.冷风cold air317.热风hot air318.除渣slag removal319.烟气flue gas320.锅炉上水boiler water filling321.蠕胀爆管tube burst due to creep322.汽包满水overfeed of water into drum323.锅炉灭火boiler fire extinction324.爆燃puff325.爆炸（外爆）explosion326.内爆implosion327.防爆anti-explosion328.煤粉自燃pulverized coal self-ignition, pulverized coalspontaneous combustion329.堵灰ash fouling330.堵煤coal jamming, coal plugging331.燃烧切圆firing tangential circle332.火焰中心flame center333.积粉pulverized coal deposits334.粉灰ash deposits335.飞灰可燃物combustibles in fly ash336.点火用油fuel oil for ignition337.飞灰腐蚀fly ash corrosion338.受热面heating surface339.辐射受热面radiation heating surface340.对流受热面convection heating surface341.尾部受热面rear heat recovery surface342.含氧量oxygen content343.蒸发量evaporation, evaporative capacity344.切换风air switch-over345.煤耗率coal consumption rate346.入炉煤发热量heating value of the as fired coal347.停炉boiler shutdown348.熄火fire-off349.灰水回收recovery of ash slurry water350.细灰fine ash351.粗灰coarse ash352.干灰dry ash353.湿灰wet ash354.燃烧系数combustion system, firing system355.制粉系统coal pulverizing system356.除灰系统ash handling system三、二、汽轮机357.汽轮机steam turbine358.凝汽式汽轮机condensing steam turbine359.背压式汽轮机back pressure turbine360.抽汽式汽轮机steam extraction turbine361.中间再热式汽轮机reheating type steam turbine362.供热式汽轮机steam supply turbine, heat supply turbine, cogeneration turbine 363.冲动式汽轮机impulse turbine364.反动式汽轮机reaction turbine365.轴流式汽轮机axial flow turbine366.辐流式汽轮机radial flow turbine367.单轴汽轮机tandem compound turbine, single-shaft turbine368.双轴汽轮机double-shaft turbine, cross compound turbine369.前置式汽轮机topping turbine370.燃气轮机gas turbine371.高压汽轮机high pressure turbine372.中压汽轮机medium pressure turbine373.低压汽轮机low pressure turbine374.超高压汽轮机ultra pressure turbine375.亚临界压力汽轮机subcritical pressure turbine376.超临界压力汽轮机supercritical pressure turbine377.空冷式汽轮机组air cooled turbine unit378.燃气轮机组（装置）gas turbine unit379.高压汽缸high-pressure(HP) cylinder380.中压汽缸intermediate-pressure(IP) cylinder381.低压汽缸low-pressure(LP) cylinder382.内汽缸inner casing383.外汽缸outer casing384.上汽缸upper casing385.下汽缸lower casing386.汽缸法兰螺栓加热装置cylinder flange heating appliance387.汽缸台板（底板）cylinder sole pin388.汽缸猫爪cylinder claw389.滑销sliding pin390.横销traverse pin391.纵销longitudinal pin392.立销vertical pin393.定位销aligning pin, locating pin394.汽轮机转子turbine rotor395.叶轮blade disc396.叶片blade, bucket397.动叶片moving blade398.静叶片stationary blade399.叶根型式type of blade root400.末级叶片长度length of last stage blade401.喷嘴室nozzle box402.末级叶片强度last stage blade stress403.排汽室steam exhaust hood404.喷嘴nozzle405.围带shroud ring406.拉筋（拉金）lacing wire407.平衡块balance weight408.固定螺钉dowel409.隔板diaphragm410.隔板套diaphragm sleeve411.隔板汽封diaphragm seal, diaphragm sealing412.汽封steam seal gland, steam sealing413.迷宫式汽封labyrinth seal414.梳齿式汽封serrate-type steam seal415.汽封套seal bushing416.汽封块seal block417.汽封齿seal tooth418.轴承支架bearing stoll, bearing bracket419.主轴承箱main bearing box420.滚珠轴承ball bearing421.滚柱轴承roller bearing422.滑动轴承sliding bearing423.推力轴承thrust bearing424.止推环thrust collar425.瓦枕bearing pillow426.锁饼lock427.推力瓦块thrust bearing pad428.主油泵main oil pump429.备用油泵emergency bearing oil pump430.调速油泵regulation oil pump, speed governing oil pump 431.交流润滑油泵AC lube oil pump432.直流润滑油泵DC lube oil pump433.注油器oil injector434.同步器synchronizer435.同步器手轮synchronizer hand wheel436.控制滑阀pilot valve437.随动滑阀servo-valve438.分配滑阀distributing pilot valve, distributor valve439.中间滑阀intermediate valve440.微分器differentiator441.功率限制器load limiter442.动态校正器dynamic corrector443.滑阀套valve sleeve444.喷油嘴oil nozzle445.弹性调速器flexible governor446.调速器挡块governor stop447.危急遮断器滑阀emergency trip pilot valve448.撞击子ram449.防火滑阀fire protection pilot valve450.延滞滑阀delay pilot valve451.跟踪滑阀follow-up pilot valve452.电-液转换器electro-hydraulic converter, electro-hydraulic transducer453.切换滑阀change-over pilot valve454.危急保安器emergency governor455.危急保安器滑阀emergency governor pilot valve456.超速试验滑阀overspeed test pilot valve457.喷油试验滑阀nozzle test pilot valve458.反馈滑阀feedback pilot valve459.起动排油阀oil drain valve at star-up460.紧急放油阀emergency oil relieve valve461.排油口oil diacharge outlet462.节流滑阀throttle pilot valve463.滑动油阀movable pilot valve464.高压自动关闭器high-pressure automatic closing gear465.中压自动关闭器medium pressure automatic closing gear466.高压油动机（高压伺服马达）high-pressure hydraulic actuator, high-pressure servo-motor467.中压油动机medium-pressure hydraulic actuator, medium-pressure servo-motor 468.杠杆lever469.轴shaft470.主轴main shaft471.传动轴(主动轴) driven shaft472.被动轴（从动轴）driven shaft473.小轴axle474.联轴器coupling475.刚性联轴器rigid coupling476.半挠性联轴器semi-flexible coupling477.齿型联轴器serrated coupling478.冷油器oil cooler479.溢油器oil overflow valve480.排油烟机oil-fume extractor, oil fume exhaust 481.油烟分离器oil-fume separator482.油净化器oil purifier, oil conditioner483.过滤罐filtering tank484.布袋式过滤器bag filter, fabric filter485.齿轮油泵gear oil pump486.顶轴油泵jacking oil pump487.柱塞式油泵piston type oil pump488.螺杆式油泵worm type oil pump489.盘车装置turning gear490.盘车手轮turning gear hand wheel491.化桩板lagging enclosure492.齿轮gear493.直齿式齿轮spur gear494.斜齿式齿轮helical gear495.伞型齿轮bevel gear496.蜗轮worm wheel497.蜗杆worm stem498.弹簧spring499.密封油箱sealing oil tank500.空气侧交流密封油泵air side AC sealing oil pump 501.空气侧支流密封油泵air side DC sealing oil pump 502.压差阀differential pressure valve503.平衡阀balancing valve504.密封瓦sealing pad505.缓冲油箱buffer oil tank506.高位油箱head oil tank, elevated oil tank507.事故油箱emergency oil tank508.磁性过滤器magnetic filter509.发电机内冷水箱generator inner cooling water tank 510.发电机内冷水泵generator inner cooling water pump 511.离子交换器ion exchanger512.干燥器dryer, drier513.冷凝式干燥器condensing type drier514.凝汽器condenser515.多压式凝汽器multi-pressure condenser516.单流程凝汽器single-pass condenser517.双流程凝汽器double-pass condenser518.黄铜管brass tube519.管板tube plate520.凝汽器喉部condenser throat521.热水井hot well522.凝结水泵condensate pump523.泵壳pump casing524.盘根gland packing525.盘根压盖gland top cover526.盘根端盖gland end cover527.填料packing528.轴封抽汽风机shaft seal extraction fan529.轴封抽汽冷却器shaft seal extraction cooler, gland cooler 530.轴封漏汽加热器shaft seal leakage heater531.低压加热器low-pressure feed water heater532.中压加热器media-pressure feed water heater533.高压加热器high-pressure feed water heater534.蒸汽冷却器steam cooler535.疏水冷却器drain water cooler536.汽侧steam side537.水侧water side538.U型管U-tube539.除氧器deaerator540.储水池water storage pond541.卧式除氧器horizontal type deaerator542.立式除氧器vertical type deaerator543.喷雾式除氧器atomizing type deaerator544.淋水盘water spraying tray, sprinkling tray545.除氧水箱deaerated water tank546.稳压水箱surge water tank, stabilizing water tank547.除盐水箱demineralized water tank548.除盐水泵demineralized water pump549.汽动给水泵steam-driven feed water pump550.电动调速给水泵motor-driven variable speed feed water pump 551.前置水泵booster pump552.给水泵feed water pump553.机械密封mechanical seal554.碳精密封环carbon seal ring, carbon packing ring555.动环moving ring556.静环static ring557.平衡盘balancing disc558.液力偶合器hydraulic coupler559.泵轮（主动轮）pump impeller, driving impeller560.涡轮（从动轮）whirling impeller, driven impeller561.勺管scoop tube562.辅助油泵auxiliary oil pump563.疏水泵drain pump564.疏水扩容器drain flash tank565.疏水箱drain tank566.热网加热器heater for heating network, heating network hot water heater 567.生水加热器raw water heater568.热网水泵pump for heating network, heating network hot water pump 569.生水泵raw water pump570.除尘水泵pump for scrubber, scrubber water pump571.壳体case, shell572.水室water chamber573.封头end cover574.挡板baffle plate575.导流板guide plate576.射水泵water jet pump577.真空泵vaccum pump578.射水抽气器water jet air ejector579.射汽抽气器steam jet air ejector580.射水池water jet pond581.排水池drain water pond582.工业水泵industrial water pump, service water pump583.排污泵blowdown pump584.轴流泵axial flow pump585.清水泵clean water pump586.污水泵sewage pump587.排水泵water discharge pump588.立式深井泵vertical deep-well pump589.深井泵deep-well pump590.潜水泵submerged pump591.循环水泵circulating water pump592.清污机trash remover593.混流泵mixed flow pump594.离心泵centrifugal pump595.旋转滤网rotating type screen, screw type strainer596.胶球泵rubber ball recirculating pump597.收球网ball screen598.装球网ball collector599.管式冷却器tubular cooler, tube type cooler599/1.支撑斜钢supporting wedge600.板式冷却器plate type cooler601.冷却水池cooling water pond602.喷水池spraying water pond603.冷却水塔cooling tower604.自然通风冷却塔natural draft cooling tower605.逆流式冷却塔reverse flow cooling tower606.横流式塔transverse flow cooling tower607.机力通风冷却塔mechanical draft cooling tower608.空气冷却塔air cooling tower609.干式冷却塔dry cooling tower610.分水槽water diversion channel611.竖井shaft, well612.闸板井gate well613.闸门室gate chamber, gate house614.挡风板air baffle plate615.新（主）蒸汽管道main steam piping, live steam piping 616.主蒸汽系统main steam system617.再热蒸汽系统reheat steam syetem618.抽汽系统extraction steam system619.轴封供汽系统shaft seal steam supply system620.轴封shaft seal621.门杆漏汽系统valve lever leakage steam system622.汽缸法兰螺栓加热系统casing flange and bolt heating system 623.真空系统vaccum system624.凝结水系统condensate system625.再热蒸汽管道reheat steam system626.给水系统feed water system627.循环水系统circulating water system628.工业水系统industrial water system, service water system 629.供油系统oil supply system630.密封油系统seal oil system631.厂用蒸汽系统auxiliary steam system632.调速系统speed governing system633.电液调速系统electro-hydraulic speed governing system 634.发电机内冷水系统generator inner cooling water system 635.热网系统heating network system636.导汽管steam lead pipe637.连通管inter-connecting pipe638.抽汽管道steam extraction pipe639.抽汽母管steam extraction header640.厂用蒸汽管道plant service steam piping641.厂用蒸汽母管plant service steam header642.蒸汽旁路系统steam bypass system643.蒸汽大旁路single stage steam bypass644.一级蒸汽旁路first stage steam bypass645.二级蒸汽旁路second stage steam bypass646.辅助蒸汽母管auxiliary steam header647.供汽联箱steam header648.回汽联箱return steam header649.供水联箱water supply header650.回水联箱return water header651.门杆漏汽管道valve lever steam leakage piping652.轴封漏汽管道shaft seal leakage steam piping653.抽空气管道air extraction piping654.压缩空气管道compressed air piping655.氢气管道hydrogen piping656.疏水管道drain water piping657.凝结水管道condensate piping658.循环水管道circulating water piping659.工业水管道industrial water piping, service water piping 660.冷却水管道cooling water piping661.给水管道feed water piping662.除盐水管道demineralized water piping663.减温水管道attemperating water piping664.再循环水管道recirculating water piping665.排水管道water discharge piping666.润滑油供油管道lube oil supply piping667.润滑油管lube oil piping668.调速油管governing oil piping669.回油管道return oil piping670.压力油管道pressure oil piping671.密封油管道seal oil piping672.脉动油管pulsating oil piping673.热网水管道heating network water piping674.平衡管balance pipe675.电动主闸门motor-operated main gate valve676.高压主汽门high-pressure main stop valve677.中压主汽门intermediate pressure main stop valve 678.旁路门bypass valve679.防腐汽门corrosion-proof valve680.高压调速汽门high-pressure governor valve681.中压调速汽门medium pressure governor valve682.对空排汽门atmospheric relief valve683.疏水门drain valve684.调整门adjusting valve685.电动门motor-operated valve686.手动门hand-operated valve687.减温器attemperator, desuperheater688.减压器（阀）pressure reducer(valve)689.减温减压器temperature and pressure reducer690.抽汽电动门motor-operated steam extraction valve 691.抽汽逆止门extraction check valve692.高压排汽逆止门high-pressure exhaust check valve 693.逆止门check valve, non-return valve694.入口门inlet valve695.出口门outlet valve696.球型阀globe valve697.闸板阀gate valve698.针型阀needle valve699.翻板阀tripper valve700.液压阀hydraulic valve701.控制阀control valve702.换向阀reverse flow valve703.疏水阀drain valve704.蝶阀butterfly valve705.衬胶门rubber lined valve706.高压加热器入口联成阀composite valve at high pressure heater inlet 707.高压加热器出口联成阀composite valve at high pressure heater outlet 708.高压加热器旁路门high pressure heater bypass valve709.水封阀门water seal valve710.排污门blow down valve711.排气门exhaust steam valve712.排汽门exhaust steam valve713.补水门water supply valve, make-up water valve714.补油门oil valve, oil supply valve715.补氢门hydrogen supply valve716.空气门air valve717.真空破坏阀vacuum breaking valve, vacuum breaker718.排汽安全门exhaust steam safety valve719.弹簧安全门spring relief valve720.排汽缸喷水门exhaust cylinder water-spraying valve721.电磁阀solenoid valve, magnet valve722.前截门front intercept valve723.后截门rear intercept valve724.排氢门hydrogen vent valve725.中间抽头门intermediate stage bleed-off valve726.最小流量阀minimum flow valve727.暖泵门pump warming valve728.泵体放水门pump-body water drain valve729.放水门water discharge valve730.减温水门attemperating water valve731.切换门change-over valve, diverting valve732.联络门interconnection valve733.液压逆止门hydraulic check valve734.再沸腾加热门reboiled heating valve735.放空气门air vent valve736.再循环门recirculation valve737.冷却水门cooling water valve738.热效率thermal efficiency, heat efficiency739.内效率internal efficiency740.额定工况rated operation condition741.最大工况maximum operation condition742.汽耗量steam consumption743.汽耗率steam consumption rate744.热耗率specific heat consumption, heat rate745.新蒸汽压力initial steam pressure, live steam pressure746.再热蒸汽冷段压力cold reheated steam pressure747.再热蒸汽热段压力hot reheated steam pressure748.再热蒸汽热段温度hot reheated steam temperature749.再热蒸汽冷段温度cold reheated steam temperature750.主蒸汽流量steam flow751.再热蒸汽流量reheated steam flow752.低压缸排汽流量low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow753.转速rotating speed, revolution754.真空度vaccum755.旋转方向rotation direction756.给水温度feedwater temperature757.调节级压力pressure at velocity stage758.临界转速critical speed759.吊装重量lifting weight760.速度变化率speed variation rate761.迟缓率delay rate762.凸轮转角cam torque angle763.过热度superheat degree764.温差temperature difference765.端差terminal temperature difference766.过冷度supercooling degree767.高压加热器投入率high pressure heater availability rate768.轴向位移axial shift, axial displacement769.大轴晃动值shaft swinging value, shaft eccentricity770. 高压缸膨胀high-pressure cylinder expansion771.中压缸膨胀intermediate pressure cylinder expansion772.低压缸膨胀low pressure cylinder expansion773.市政速油压governing oil pressure774.润滑油压lubricating oil pressure775.脉动油压impulse oil pressure776.附加保安油压additional safeguard oil pressure777.滑阀上油压oil pressure above pilot valve778.滑阀下油压oil pressure under pilot valve779.润滑油温lubricating oil temperature780.轴承加油温度bearing return oil temperature781.轴承钨金温度babbit metal temperature, bearing metal temperature782.推力瓦块温度thrust pad temperature783.密封油压seal oil pressure784.油位oil level785.水中含氧量oxygen content of water786.凝结水硬度condensate hardness787.轴承振动值shaft(bearing) vibration amplitude788.垂直振动值vertical vibration amplitude789.水平振动值horizontal vibration amplitude790.轴向振动值axial vibration amplitude791.油膜振荡oil film oscillation, oil whipping792.冲转impulse starting793.冷态启动cold start794.热态启动hot start795.滑参数启动starting at sliding parameters, sliding pressure starting 796.滑参数停机shut-down at sliding parameters, sliding pressure shut-down 797.升速speed up798.升速率percentage of maximum momentary speed variation,speed-up rate799.负荷上升率loading rate800.基本负荷base load801.调峰运行peak load regulating operation, cyclic operation802.空转idling, idle running803.手动打闸停机hand trip, turbine hand trip804.暖机turbine warming up805.最短盘车时间minimum turning time806.低速暖机low speed warming807.中速暖机medium speed warming808.滑参数起动曲线starting curve at sliding parameters,sliding pressure starting-up curve809.滑参数停机曲线shut-down curve at sliding parameters,sliding pressure shut-down curve810.全周进汽full admission811.部分进汽partial admission, partial-arc admission812.喷嘴调节nozzle governing813.节流调节throttle governing814.破坏真空vaccum breaking815.汽缸金属温度cylinder metal temperature816.听音检查sound detection817.惰走时间idling time818.超速试验overspeed test819.真空严密性试验vaccum leakage test820.主汽门严密性试验main steam stop valve leakage test821.危急遮断器充油试验emergency governor oil filling test822.低油压保护试验low oil pressure protection test823.调速系统静止试验governing system pre-operation test824.调速系统动态特性试验governing system dynamic performance test 825.调速系统静态特性试验governing system static performance test 826.甩负荷试验load-dump test, load-rejection test827.空负荷试验no-load test828.满负荷试验full-load test829.超负荷试验overload test830.转子平衡试验rotor balancing test831.动平衡dynamic balancing832.静平衡static balancing833.热力试验thermodynamic test834.叶片频率试验blade frequency test835.投入运行to be put into operation836.开启opening837.关闭closing838.启动starting-up839.停止shutting down840.充氢hydrogen charging841.排氢hydrogen discharging842.补水water make-up843.补油oil make-up844.水位调整water level regulation845.暖管warming846.手摇同步器hand synchronizer847.检查inspection, examination848.巡检routing inspection849.蒸汽带水carry-over850.水击hydraulic shock, water hammer851.超速overspeed852.轴承损坏（烧瓦）bearing burnt-out853.断叶片broken blade854.断轴broken shaft855.气蚀cavitation856.反转（倒转）reversal rotation857.调节级regulation stage858.压力级pressure stage859.抽真空vaccum extraction860.盘车turning861.法兰加热flange heating862.螺栓加热bolt heating863.漏汽steam leakage864.漏水water leakage865.炭精轴封carbon packing866.冒烟smoking, smoke belching。
水电站常用电气中英文对照词汇
说明： 本表仅供赞比亚lunzua工程-机电各专业统一图纸上的英文用词所用，不代表权
赞比亚伦左水电站 水工相关词汇 前池 压力钢管进口 拦污栅 进水口闸门 开关站 管理楼 尾水渠 溢流堰 ZAMBIA LUNZUA HYDROPOWER STATION Forebay Penstock intake Trash screen Intake gate Switchyard Administration building Tailrace channel spillway weir
电气一次 7.2kV开关柜 7.2kV Switchboard 11kV 开关柜 11kV Switchboard 400V 开关柜 400kV Switchboard 电流互感器 Current transformer 电压互感器 Voltage trasformer 隔离开关 Disconnecting switch 接地开关 Earthing switch 检修电源箱 maintenance distribution cubicle 照明配电箱 lighting box 电控箱 control panel 发电机中性点接地变压器柜 generator neutral earthing transformer cubicle 厂用变压器 Station auxiliary transformer 主变压器 Main transformer 近区变压器 11kV transformer 电磁式电压互感器 Inductive voltage transformer
水机设备及相关 水轮发电机组 冲击式水轮机 进水阀 调速器 液压控制 电动桥机 稀油站 发电机CO2灭火系统 技术供水集水井 技术供水泵
折向器系统
Deflector system
水利水电工程英文词汇
.国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编international project 国际工程overseas project 一、基础词汇海外工程domestic project 国内工程access 交通equipment 设备agreement 同意、协议expatriate 外籍职员allocation 分配、配置expert 专家approval 同意、批准export 仲裁出口arbitrationFederation of Civil Engineering Contractor 亚洲开发银行Asia Development Bank 土木工程承包商联合会assistant 助理、助手formal 授权、委托正式的authorize(delegate)hydromechanical works Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表金结工程import 土建工程进口civil worksin charge of claim 索赔负责、主管informal 评论、意见非正式的commentInstitution of Civilcommercial manager 商务经理Engineers(ICE) conditions of contract 土木工程师协会合同条件instrument 仪器、器械general conditions 通用条件insurance 保险conditions of particular application 专用条件labour 劳务special conditions of contract 特别条件layout 布置Conditions of contract for Works of Civilleading company(sponsor)牵头公司、Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同责任公司条件责任、义务liability(responsibility/obligation)construction management 施工管理总包lump sump机械顾问consultant machinerycontract agreement 合同协议人力资源manpower(human resource)承包商Contractor Manufacturer 制造商material 材料cooperation 合作measure 协作coordination 办法、措施cost 费用take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 成本控制cost control 测量、计量备忘录memorandum counterclaim 反索赔进场mobilization 退场demobilization反对department 部门objectionDesigner 支付设计者paymentdrawing 图纸设备plant车间图shop drawing 观点、意见point of view(opinion)design drawing 设计图prequalification 资格预审procurement 竣工图as-built drawing 采购蓝图blue drawing 利润profit透明图transparent drawing 进度控制progress controlconstruction drawing 施工图项目经理project managerelectric works quality control 电气工程质量控制申请、请求request(application) 业主Employer(Client/Owner)审查工程师Engineer review工程师代表Engineer's representative 风险riskengineering project 工程项目截流river closure...a round of excavation 一个开挖循环river diversion 导流adit 安全支洞safetyadvance signature 签名进尺advances depth 进尺深度site 工地、现场breaking hole 崩落孔site engineer 现场工程师cushion hole 缓冲孔specification 规格、规范drift 掏槽staff 职员bottom drift 底部掏槽Subcontractor 分包商center drift 提交中心掏槽submissionside drift supervise 监督、监视边部掏槽top drift 供货商顶部掏槽Supplierdrilling 钻孔the International Chamber of Commerce国际driving(progress) rate 进尺率商会easer 掏槽孔unit price 单价erecting supports for the roof and side wall 变更variation(change) 对顶拱及边墙进行支护World Bank 世界银行full face excavation 全断面开挖二、工程施工类heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开-（一）工程施工土建类挖◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)loading and hauling muck(mucking ) Open Excavation ) 装拉渣明挖（loading (charging) bench excavation 装药台阶开挖perimeter hole 周边孔concrete excavation 砼开挖pilot tunnel 导洞断层开挖fault excavationremoving dust foundation excavation 基础开挖除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水局部开挖local excavationshooting the explosive (blasting) 大面积开挖放炮mass(bulk) excavationtop heading excavation protective layer excavation 上导洞开挖保护层开挖ventilation rock excavation 岩石开挖通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) 边坡开挖slope excavationabandoned hole 废孔soft ground excavation 软基开挖average hole depth 土方开挖soil excavation 平均孔深average quantity used in unit structural excavation 结构开挖volume blasted 平均单耗齿槽开挖tooth excavationblasting result 爆破结果unclassified material excavation 不分类料开blockness 挖块度controlled perimeter blasting coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 截水槽cutoff trench 装药参数data of holes drilled 排水dewatering(drainage) 钻孔参数delayed blasting 开挖基坑excavation pit 延时爆破exploratory hole intensity of excavation 开挖强度探孔explosive quantity 药量超挖overexcavate ( overbreak )explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量水泵坑pump sumphandling misfire 欠挖Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 处理哑炮light charge underbreak treatment 欠挖处理少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破Tunnel and Underground 洞挖及地下开挖（Excavation)布孔方式pattern...replace 重新回填distance between holes 孔距retreat (do the work again) 排距返工distance between rowsscarify 翻松、刨毛post shearing blasting 微差爆破screen and wash 筛分和冲洗prespliting blasting 预裂爆破take a sample 取样quantity of holes 孔数test 测试smooth blasting 光面爆破transport 运输延时支护(rock support)treat expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆处理trim 随机锚索feature rock anchor 修整缺陷（Defects feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆）calcium particles 随机砂浆锚杆姜石feature rock dowelcontaminated material feature rock reinforcement 随机加固受污染料declination of the boundary 钢桁架、格构大梁料界偏差lattice girderdry 干燥pattern cement grouted rocklack of compaction 系统水泥浆锚杆dowel 漏压lump sump 结块pattern resin grouted rock dowelmuddy 系统树脂浆锚杆泥泞oversize material pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆超粒径材料pocket 囊穴pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固seepage 渗流permanent rock support 永久支护separation 分离post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rockshear area 剪力区anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索lens 回弹料rebound material 透镜体其它（return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆Others)bonding surface 回头加固return rock reinforcement 结合面byproduct 副产品shotcrete anchorage 喷锚controlling parameter 控制参数挂网喷砼shotcrete with wire meshfill placement record steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区钢拱架steel ribrequired embankment 必要填方temporary rock support 临时支护subzone 树脂张拉锚tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 分区◆混凝土（杆Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) Working ◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（加气砼Sequence)asphalt concrete 沥青砼backfill 回填blinding concrete 混合blend 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 碾压compact 现浇砼plastic concrete 控制洒水controlled sprinkling 塑料砼fibrous concrete cut the slope 削坡纤维砼first stage concrete 卸料dump 一期砼foamed concrete exploit 开采泡沫砼high-performance concrete level 整平高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼装料loadintrusion concrete 压浆砼水分调节moisture conditionlean concrete (poor concrete) 摊铺place and spread 贫砼remove 清除轻骨料砼lightweight aggregate concrete...air-entraining agent 引气剂mass concrete 大体积砼bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 无砂砼膨胀剂non-fines concretecoring admixture 着色剂non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼early-strength admixture 早强剂non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）normal concrete 常态砼fluidizer plain concrete 素砼塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂porous concrete 多孔砼set-controlling admixture 调凝剂预应力砼prestressed concretesuper-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂pump concrete 泵送砼surface-active agent 表面活性剂reinforced concrete 钢筋砼water-reducing agent 减水剂roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂second stage concrete 二期砼retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂作业（Activity）waterproof agent 防水剂clearance(clearing) 清理）指标（concreteIndexes抗压强度compressive strength pouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑压应力compressive stress curing 养护砼等级concrete class 薄膜养护Membrance curing终凝强度moist curing 湿润养护final strength级配标准养护normal curing graduation蒸汽养护级配曲线graduation curve steam curing修理repairing 抗渗性impermeability初凝强度initial setting strength Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛配比设计mix design greencutting 冲毛抗冻融性surface finishing 收面resistance to freezing and thawing抗剪强度shear strength 振捣vibrating缺陷（Defects坍落度slump ）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面比重specific weight/gravitystability against s cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝抗滑稳定性liding应变strain 裂缝cracksurface finish 表面平整度deformation 变形tensile strength 坑洼depression 抗拉强度fire-damaged concrete 火损砼tensile stress 拉应力跑模formwork shifting(moving) thermal stress 温度应力grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）water-cement ratio 水灰比工作应力蜂窝honeycomb working stress不完全振捣、漏振incomplete vibration ）其他（Others不规则irregularity 验收acceptance segregation(bleeding) 离析age 龄期错台stair(staggered joint) aggregate 骨料tie rod hole 拉杆孔细骨料fine aggregatewater leakage 漏水粗骨料coarse aggregateair pocket 渗水water seepage 气囊Admixture外加剂（）气密性airtightness accelerator 速凝剂替代物、替换方法alternative...section area 截面面积apply 应用、施加shearkey 弯矩抗剪键bending momentkey groove 键槽block 仓号shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产binding strength 黏结强度shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产calibration 标定simplify cement anchor 锚固卷简化simultaneously concrete plug 砼塞同时地spacer 水泥垫块concrete precast element 砼预制件spacing 间距concrete release sheet 发料单stress concentration 应力集中施工缝construction jointsymmetry 对称contamination /pollution 污染technical data 技术参数conversion(reconstruction) 改建temperature control 温度控制coverage 覆盖范围temperature difference 温差养护剂curing agenttemperature rise(gain) delivery sheet 运料单温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量direct discharge 直接入仓unloading elevation 高程、正视图卸载water stop 止水还氧砂浆抹面epoxy mortar applicationPVC water stop PVCexisting 现有（存）的止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水expansion joint 伸缩缝copper water stop 铜止水facilitate 使容易（便利）watertightness 闭水性纤丝笼gabionwinter protection 湿度冬季保温humidity◆模板（identity Formwok/Shutteringform) 识别、标记erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模ingredient 成分、配料Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork inspection 拆检查、验收模preliminary inspection 初验bond breaker 脱模剂final inspection 终验climbing cone appearance inspection 外观检查爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架完整的、未被触动的intactdistance piece 塔间缝横支撑inter-tower jointdouble-curvature formwork introduce into 双曲模板穿入将……flat formwork 平面模板isolate 隔离formwork oil laitance 模板油浮浆皮pigtail anchor layer(lift)height 层高猪尾筋retractable formwork 满足设计要求meet design requirement 进退式模板shearkey box moment of inertia 惯性距键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模预留孔Pocket (box out/preset hole)steel form carrier 后冷却post-cooling 钢模台车steel formwork 后张拉post tensioning 钢模steel waling pre-cooling 预冷却钢围令、钢支撑stopend pre-stressing 堵头、封堵模板预应力temporary formwork 临时模板先张拉pre-tensioningtie rod(form tie) 拉杆扒拉试验pull-off testtiltable formwork 钢筋保护层reinforcement cover 倾斜式模板remark 备注顶拱及底拱模板vault and invert formwork...flow rate meter 测量计wood formwork 木模galvanized elbow ）镀锌弯头◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebargrout cap 灌浆帽distribution bar 分布筋grout cell 出浆盒dowel 插筋grout stop plate 止浆片horizontal bar 水平筋grout valve lap length 搭接长度灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管main stress bar 主应力筋large radius elbow 大弧弯头overlap 搭接main pipe 总管shear bar 剪力筋male-quick coupling 外丝快接头splice welding 绑条焊接outlet pipe starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦出浆管packer 灌浆塞stirrup 箍筋piston support bar 架立筋活塞plug 竖直筋vertical bar 堵头reducer socket ）◆灌浆（Grouting变径管套return pipe 回填灌浆回浆管backfill groutingtee piece consolidation grouting 固结灌浆三通管reduce tee piece 接触灌浆变径三通管contact groutingswivel-clamp 帷幕灌浆curtain grouting 转卡U-bend U弯头gap grouting 接缝灌浆union 活接头gravity grouting 自重灌浆ventilation pipe 排气管jet grouting 旋喷灌浆water supply 水包多次灌浆multi-stage grouting参数及指标（pressure grouting 压力灌浆Parameter andIndexes环行灌浆ring grouting ）consistency single-stage grouting 一次灌浆稠度fineness 细度Activity工艺过程（）grout take 吃浆量通风试验air testhigh take backfilling of hole 封孔吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力通水试验flushing testleakage rate 漏水率joint washing 洗缝Lugeon 吕容密封sealmix proportion 浆比soak 浸泡pumping rate 压水试验water pressure test 泵浆率refusal criteria 管路及组件（排浆标准Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包抽浆时间refusal time升降管arising pipe water aborptin 吸水率circuit 回路Plant and Instrument）仪器设备（搅拌站agitator 卡子clamp自动记录仪automatic recorder 旋塞cockchiller plant(cooling plant) 蛇形管coil 制冷站displancement point cylinder 缸套位移点对丝连接套double nipple 电子流量计electronic grout flow meterexpansion coupling 伸缩节extensometer 变位计female-quick coupling flow transmitter 流量传感器内丝快接头foundation displacementfixed clamp 死卡...first order triangulation 一等三角测量indicator 基础位移指示器geodetic 灌浆泵大地测量学的grout pumpgeodetic surveying 大地测量hydrometer 比重计joint survey 联合测量joint meter 测缝计known point 已知点mixing plant 制浆站level surface monitor 监测器水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网osmometer 渗压计national coordination system 国家坐标网pendulum 钟摆observe 观测、监视portable instrument 便携式仪器point to be located 待定点pressure gauge 压力表position pressure sensor 定位、位置压力传感器reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reinforcement meter 钢筋计reference point steel basin 搅拌槽参考点second order triangulation 应变计二等三角测量strain meterset out 温度传感器temperature sensor 放线、放样stake-line 集线站测桩线terminal stationstate plane coordinate system 其他（Others）国家平面坐标系check hole 检查孔survey point 测点compartment 灌区theoretical point 理论点浓浆dense mixtraverse(polygon) foundation uplift 基础隆起导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 灌浆孔导线闭合差grout holelattice traverse instrument hole 仪器孔网格状导线long side traverse 长导线一primary/secondary and tertiary grout holesopen traverse 非闭合导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔short side traverse 短导线加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse closure 弃浆导线闭合waste mixtraverse station 导线点）Survey◆测量（traverse survey Methods and Terms测量方法及术语（）导线测量triangulation 三角测量校正、调整adjusttriangulation network 三角网adjustment 平差triangulation of high order 高等级三角网容许误差allowancetriangulation point 三角点backsight point 后视点trilateration 基础点basic point 三边测量vertical-control net bench mark 水准点高程控制网wood pile 木桩罗盘compass角度测量（桩号chainage(station number) Angular Measure）azimuth 三角锁chain of triangulation 方位角bearing check 校核、对照方位、象限角buddle 控制点control point 气泡、水准器circle coordinate point 坐标点度盘、圆盘circular bubble datum 基础面圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴基准点datum pointcross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝偏差deviationdepression angle 容易识别点easily identifiable point 俯角error 误差仰角elevation angle...tape 卷尺eyepiece(ocular) 目镜invar tape 标杆铟瓦钢卷尺field pole(staff)高程测量（foot-screw 脚螺栓Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 水平角高程、海拔horizontal angleapproximate leveling 近似置平、粗平mark 标志（明）automatic level 自动定平水准仪objective lens 物镜difference in altitude(difference of 铅垂、垂线plumb(plummet)elevation ,height difference) sight 瞄准、观测高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差target 目标、瞄准exact leveling 精平、确置平theodolite 经纬仪level 水准仪（测点）横轴tranverse axislevel circuit 水准闭合环tripod 三脚架level shoe 水准尺垫vertical angle 竖直角line of level 水准线路vertical axis 竖轴national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高望远镜（Telescope）程基准面centering 对中reduced level face left 盘左归化高差run back 盘右返测face rightrun out focus 集中、焦点往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量调焦focusing地形测量（指标误差Topographic Survey）index errorboundary inverted position of telescope(reverse 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩telescope)倒镜、盘右contour 等高线normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距正镜、盘右contouring 光学垂准器绘等高线optical plummetcontour-length method round 等高线延长法测回contour line 等高线set 套、组control network 控制网测站stationdetail 细部、详图）Distance Measure距离测量（draw barometer 气压计绘图field 基线base line(basic line/datum line) 外业fix 固定、确定battery 电池form line 地形图EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement)grid 格网电磁波测距information filter 滤光片、滤波器注记、资料、情报marginal information 激光准直系统laser alignment system 轮廓注记large-scale laser beam 激光束大比例尺的latitude 棱镜prism 纬度、范围latitude circle 测程、距离range 纬圈latitude line long range 远程纬线legend 中程图例medium rangelocation 定线、定位短程short rangelongitude 测距仪range finder 经度longitude line 信号signal 经线spring balance 弹簧称地图、制图map...strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪mapping 制图、测图、地质素描surface monument 拼接线表面标点match linetemperature sensor 温度传感器monument 标石、石柱terminal house 终端房object 地物、目标terminal station 终端站plan 平面图、略图tilt meter plot 绘图倾角计time average pressure cell profile 断面（图）、纵剖图时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒record 记录、资料velometer 流速计setup 定置仪器vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪定位site locationvibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计stake out 放样、定线、立桩vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降符号、记号symbol仪topographic detail 地形细部weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰地形图topographic mapworking base point Instrumentation ◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{工作基点砼无应力计and Facilities）zero stress-strain meter）附件及配件（air-entraining meter 掺气剂Acessories and Spare Parts卡尔逊式渗压计Carlson-type piezometer 盘绕coilconcrete strain meter 砼应变计零部件component坐标仪coordinator convergent point 收敛测点阻尼角damping box direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻differential resistance 土压力盒earth pressure cell双层保护embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计double layer rubber sleeve堤应变计embankment strain meter 强制对中盘forced centering plate仪器电缆instrument lead extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 铟瓦丝invar wire 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器pulley hydrophone 水听器滑轮测斜管inclinometer casing regulator 调节器riser interface joint meter 界面变位计立管传感器sensor 倒垂线inverted plumb line微压计绕轴spool micro piezometermultiple position extensometer 多点位移计钢底座steel socket药片observation point 观测标点tablet观测井observation well 张拉重锤tensioning weight视准线optical alignment line thermistor 热敏电阻钢板计plate strain meter tip 测头气压式渗压计）Procession of Installation安装过程（pneumatic piezometer组装assemble 脉动压力计pressure fluctuation meterprestressed tendon anchorage 连接coupleembed 埋设预应力锚索测力计dynamometer安装install 锚杆测力计rock bolt extensometer单点位移计single point extensometer 绝缘insulatespiral sensor 测扭仪维护maintenancestandpipe 测压管监测monitor...fineness modulus 细度模数protection of instrumentation 仪器保护gaping place rate 空隙率reduce 归纳grader retained percentage seal 密封分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配splice 拼接grain size 粒径supply 提供lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量test 测试mica content 云母含量资料（Information）moisture content(water rate) 含水率assemble schematic 装配简图mud content 含泥量合格证书certificateorganic content description 使用说明书有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 维护指南骨料潜在活性maintenace guidelinemanual 说明书饱和的saturation筛分曲线sieving curve 工作原理operating principleoperating restraint 操作范围软弱骨料含量soft grain in aggregate坚固性soundness procedure 程序表面含水率surface moisture content trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Others其他（）(Hydraulicity cementitious 水硬性胶凝材料环行空间annular spacematerial) 数据采集data acquisitiondata recording 数据记录龄期agecement mark(strength of cement /cement 引线孔leas drilling hole永久记录permanent record 水泥标号grade)consumptive use of water normal consistance 读数设备readout devicesaturated 饱和的标准稠度用水量流动性degree of mobilization seepage isolation dike 截渗堤dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热梯形trapezoidal◆水工常规试验final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processedflyash 粉煤灰Material of Concrete））hydration heat 水化热Aggregate骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler 初凝initial set洛杉机磨耗量烧矢量loss on ignition(ignition loss)凝结时间累计筛余百accumulated retained percentage setting time硅粉silica fume 分率水泥的安定性soundness 针状与acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 片状颗粒含量specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热碱骨料反应alkali-aggregate reactionwater demand ratio 吸水量比视密度apparent density）外加剂（容重bulk density (unity weight) Admixture泡沫稳定性clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubble stabilitybubbling ability 起泡能力黏土块及易碎颗粒含量软化系数coefficient of softening chloride content 氯化物含量压碎指标crush index 抗压强度比compressive strength ratecontract with dry rate 干缩率干燥状态dry statedispersing coefficient 分散系数exceeding and inferior grain indispersing ability of wateraggregate 超逊径颗粒含量...-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失loss of slump 塌落度损失natural frequency 自振频率硫酸盐含量sulphate contentpermeate 渗透solid content 固体含量permeated height 渗透高度surface tension 表面张力permeated-resisting markwater-reducing rate 减水率抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability Water）相对渗透系水（数碱度alkalinityresonance frequency 共振频率calcion 钙离子sample 钙酸试件carbonic acidself-grown volume deformationchlorion 氯离子（砼）自生体积变形equivalent concentration 当量浓度splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度oxygen consumption 耗氧量static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力normal solution (standard抗压弹数标准溶液solution)temperature conductivity PH value PH值导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量water analysis 水值分析thermal insulation warming 砼（绝热温升Concrete）ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变Mixture砼拌和物（）ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度砼保证强度assurance strength of concretewear rate bleeding rate 泌水率磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）砼设计标号design strength of concretecement lime mortar 砼的流动性flowability of concrete 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆比epoxy mortar mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆贯入阻力法penetration-obstruction methodplastering mortar 砼抹面砂浆probability of ensuring strength of concretepointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆强度保证率土（sand rate 砂率Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 单位用水量unit consumption of water 累计曲线water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性activity index 活性指标水灰比water-cement ratioangle of friction 摩擦角）硬化砼（Hardened concreteAtterberg limits(water content as limit) 轴向抗拉强度axial tensile strength 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数California bearing ratio cooling rate 冷却率载重比coarse-grained soil core of concrete 粗粒土砼芯样coefficient of compressibility creep deformation (time deformation ) 压缩系数徐变变coefficient of cubical形compressibility 形状系数form coefficient(form factor) 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环曲率系数compression 压缩frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号compression index 砼热学性能heat property of concrete 压缩指数height-diameter ration 高径比压缩模数compression modulus...consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验空隙率principal stress 主应力consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验排水剪（慢剪）试验relative density 相对密度consolidation 固结sand replacement method consolidation coefficient 固结系数灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent consolidation settlement 固结沉降saturation) 饱和度consolidation stress 固结应力saturated unit weight 饱和容重continuous grading/gradation 连接级配seepage deformation 收缩试验渗透变形contraction test(shrinkage test)seepage force(seepage pressure) 环刀法core cutter method 渗透力seepage line 蠕变曲线渗透线creep curveseepage speed 渗透速度critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）shear stress 达西定律切向应力（剪应力）Darcy's lawshrinkage limit 固结度degree of consolidation 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 自由膨胀率间断级配degree of free swellingspecific gravity of soil particle direct shear test 直接剪切试验土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场反复直剪强度试direct shear test of reiterationstress path 验应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线distribution curve 分布曲线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验流土drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow)unconfined compression strength effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角无侧限抗压强度effective strength envelope 有效强度包线unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验膨胀率expansion ration(specific expansion)variable head method filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比细粒土fine-grained soilwater replacement method 流网灌水法flow net(drift net)wet density hydraulic slope 湿密度水力坡降其它建筑材料hydrometer method 比重计法钢筋（steel ）常水头法hydrostatic head methodbending and unbending 反复弯曲limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态cold bending test 冷弯试验液化liquefactionelongation test 液限拉伸试验liquid limitnominal diameter liquidity index 公称直径液化指标ratio of elongation maximum dry density 最大干密度伸长率relaxation test method of sieving 筛分法松弛试验steel strand 莫力应力圆钢绞线Mohr's stress circletensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度库伦破坏莫尔Mohr-coulomb failure criteria -ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度准则木材（Wood法向应力（正应力）normal stress ）curshing strength paralled to the oedometer curve 压缩曲线grain 最优含水量optimum moisture content 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to the piping 管涌grain plastic limit 顺纹抗拉强度塑限crushing strength across th eplasticity index 塑性指标...Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）grain 横纹抗压强度Silurian period (system) tensile strength across to the 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）grain 横纹抗拉强度Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）沥青（Asphalt）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验Triassic period (system) expansion test 延伸度试验三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 针入式试验penetration test 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）softening point test 软化点试验Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）test of aging 老化试验Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）viscosity test 粘滞性试验地质构造（Geologic Structural）Quality Management）质量管理（fault 断层average 平均值normal fault 正断层deviation standard(error of meanreversed fault 逆断层squares) 均方差parallel fault 平移断层deviation coefficient(dispersiongouge 断层泥coefficient) 离差系数stria 擦痕相关系数index of correlationjoint 节理management limit 管理界限primary joint 原生节理mathematic statistics 数理统计secondary joint 次生节理maximum 最大值tension joint 最小值minimum 张节理unloading joint normal distribution 正态分布卸荷节理schistosity 片理quality assurance 质量保证bedding 层理quality examination 质量检测foliation 板理（叶理）回归曲线regression curveripple mark 相对湿度波痕relative dampnessmud crack sample capacity 泥痕样本容量rain print 雨痕sampling frequency 取样频率orientation of bedrock 岩层产状样品specimenstrike 走向statistical analysis 统计分析dip 技术规范technical specification 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) technical standard 技术标准倾角fold 褶皱试验环境testing circumstanceanticline 背斜testing error 试验误差syncline 向斜试验规程testing regulation Monocline (homocline) 方差分析单斜variance analysisdome ◆地质穹隆(Geology)soft stratum 地质年代（软弱岩层Geochronology of Geologiczone of fracture(broken zone ) ）Ages破碎带affected zone 影响带Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）元古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 板状构造platy structurePalaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）cleavage 解理中生代（界）fracture(rupture) 断裂Mesozoic era (erathem)裂隙新生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) fissure(crack/fracture)震旦纪（系）Sinian period (system) ）Rock type岩石类型（Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）岩石学petrology...quartzite 石英岩igneous rock 火成岩marble 岩浆岩大理岩magmatic rockmylonite 糜棱岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩migmatite 混合岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩cataclasite 碎裂岩effusive rock 深成岩sediment(deposit) pypabussal rock 浅成岩沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石acid rock 酸性岩cobble 卵石inter-mediate rock 中性岩gravel 砾石basic rock 基性岩sand 砂ultrabasic rock 超基性岩siltstone 粉土granite 花岗岩clay 黏土porphyry 斑岩sandy clay rhyolite 砂质黏土玢岩clayey sand 流纹岩粘质砂土syenitesandy loam trachyte 粗面岩壤土、亚黏土regolith ( topsoil ) 浮土、表土diorite 闪长岩loess andesite 安山岩黄土laterite 辉长岩红土gabbropeat basalt 玄武岩泥炭ooze 软泥、海泥aplite 细晶岩造岩矿物（伟晶岩pegmatite Rock-formingMinerals）lamprophyre 煌斑岩talc 滑石辉绿岩diabasegypsum dunite 橄榄岩石膏calcite 方解石浮岩pumicefluorite 萤石sedimentary rock 沉积岩apatite 碎屑岩clastic rock 磷灰石feldspar 长石clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英化学岩chemical rocktopaz biolith 生物岩黄玉corundum 刚玉砾岩conglomeratediamand 金刚石siltstone 粉砂岩orthoclase 正长石泥岩mudstoneplagloclase 页岩斜长石shalebiotite 黑云母盐岩saline rockmuscovite limestone 石灰岩白云母amphibole 白云岩dolomite 角闪石phroxene marl 泥灰岩辉石olivine 火山角砾岩volcanic breccia 橄榄石dolomite 火山块集岩volcanic agglomerate 白云石tuff 凝灰岩高岭石kaolinitemontmorillonite 蒙脱石变质岩metamorphic rock斑脱石、膨润土bentonite 板岩slate千枚岩phyllite 伊力石illiteschist 片岩石榴子石garnetgneiss 片麻岩绿泥石chlorite...serpentine 蛇纹石streak 条痕rent/fracture 断口pyrite 黄铁矿crystal form 晶形hematite 赤铁矿岩石学(Petrology) 磁铁矿magnetiteclassification 褐铁矿分类limonitestructure 构造应力工程地质（Engineering Geology）texture 结构Geotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学（土工技fabric 组构术、岩石工程）mineral composition 矿物组成rock mechanics 岩石力学crystalline 结晶质soil mechanics 土力学amorphous substance geomechanics 地质力学、岩石力学非晶质fossil engineering geological 化石degree of rounding 工程地质条件conditons 磨圆度degree of grains 工程地质问题粒度engineering geological problem地层地貌(Stratum andPhysiognomy) rock mass structure 岩体结构basin 盆地geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形river valley 河谷地貌条件river bed 河床geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象topography 地形水文地质条件hydrogeological conditionsterrain 天然材料地势natural materialsattitude reservoir 水库产状rock base ( batholite) 岩基settlement 沉降rock stock 岩株位移displacementrock flow deformation 变形岩流rock loccolith 岩盖构造应力tectonic stressrock lopolith 岩盆residual stress 残余应力rock dike 岩墙内摩擦角angle of internal frictionrock sill 岩床cohesion 内聚力（粘聚力、凝聚力）vein dyke 岩脉压力隧洞pressure tunnel sediment(deposit) underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室沉积物（层）alluvium 冲积物（层）覆盖物overburdenproluvium(diluvium) 洪积物（层）bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩deluvium 坡积物（层）坚硬岩石firm/sound rockeluvium 残积物（层）weak/soft rock 软弱岩石eolian deposit 夹层interbed 风积物（层）lake deposit 破碎带湖积物（层）zone of fracture (broken zones )marine deposit homogeneity 海积物（层）均质性glacial (drift) deposit nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性冰川沉积物（层）colluvial deposit (colluvium) isotropy 各向同性崩积物（层）交错层cross-bedding anisotropy 各向异性地质构造geologic structure (Physical Character of 矿物质的物理性质geotectonics Minerals)大地构造学地堑graben 硬度hardness地垒光泽luster horst颜色color 整合cordance(conformity)transparencey/pellucidity 透明度非整合discordance(unconformity)...。
水利水电项目工程专业英语英文词汇资料
strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to the grain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线/*relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩/*clay rock 黏土岩chemical rock 化学岩biolith 生物岩conglomerate 砾岩siltstone 粉砂岩mudstone 泥岩shale 页岩saline rock 盐岩limestone 石灰岩dolomite 白云岩marl 泥灰岩volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩volcanic agglomerate 火山块集岩tuff 凝灰岩metamorphic rock 变质岩slate 板岩phyllite 千枚岩schist 片岩gneiss 片麻岩quartzite 石英岩marble 大理岩mylonite 糜棱岩migmatite 混合岩cataclasite 碎裂岩sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石cobble 卵石gravel 砾石sand 砂siltstone 粉土clay 黏土sandy clay 砂质黏土clayey sand 粘质砂土sandy loam 壤土、亚黏土regolith ( topsoil ) 浮土、表土loess 黄土laterite 红土peat 泥炭ooze 软泥、海泥造岩矿物（Rock-forming Minerals）talc 滑石gypsum 石膏calcite 方解石fluorite 萤石apatite 磷灰石feldspar 长石quartz 石英topaz 黄玉corundum 刚玉diamand 金刚石orthoclase 正长石plagloclase 斜长石biotite 黑云母muscovite 白云母amphibole 角闪石phroxene 辉石olivine 橄榄石dolomite 白云石kaolinite 高岭石montmorillonite 蒙脱石bentonite 斑脱石、膨润土illite 伊力石garnet 石榴子石chlorite 绿泥石serpentine 蛇纹石pyrite 黄铁矿hematite 赤铁矿magnetite 磁铁矿limonite 褐铁矿工程地质（Engineering Geology）G eotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学（土工技术、岩石工程）rock mechanics 岩石力学soil mechanics 土力学geomechanics 地质力学、岩石力学engineering geologicalconditons 工程地质条件engineering geological problem 工程地质问题rock mass structure 岩体结构geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形地貌条件geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象hydrogeological conditions 水文地质条件natural materials 天然材料reservoir 水库settlement 沉降displacement 位移deformation 变形tectonic stress 构造应力residual stress 残余应力angle of internal friction 内摩擦角cohesion 内聚力（粘聚力、凝聚力）pressure tunnel 压力隧洞/*underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室overburden 覆盖物bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩firm/sound rock 坚硬岩石weak/soft rock 软弱岩石interbed 夹层zone of fracture (broken zones ) 破碎带homogeneity 均质性nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性isotropy 各向同性anisotropy 各向异性矿物质的物理性质(Physical Character of Minerals)hardness 硬度luster 光泽color 颜色transparencey/pellucidity 透明度streak 条痕rent/fracture 断口crystal form 晶形岩石学(Petrology)classification 分类structure 构造应力texture 结构fabric 组构mineral composition 矿物组成crystalline 结晶质amorphous substance 非晶质fossil 化石degree of rounding 磨圆度degree of grains 粒度地层地貌(Stratum andPhysiognomy) basin 盆地river valley 河谷river bed 河床topography 地形terrain 地势attitude 产状rock base ( batholite) 岩基rock stock 岩株rock flow 岩流rock loccolith 岩盖rock lopolith 岩盆rock dike 岩墙rock sill 岩床vein dyke 岩脉sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）alluvium 冲积物（层）proluvium(diluvium) 洪积物（层）deluvium 坡积物（层）eluvium 残积物（层）eolian deposit 风积物（层）lake deposit 湖积物（层）marine deposit 海积物（层）glacial (drift) deposit 冰川沉积物（层）colluvial deposit (colluvium) 崩积物（层）cross-bedding 交错层geologic structure 地质构造geotectonics 大地构造学graben 地堑horst 地垒cordance(conformity) 整合discordance(unconformity) 非整合deceptive cordance /conformity 假整合地质作用(Physical Geology Action) weathering 风化erosion 侵蚀transportation 搬运deposition/sediment 沉积denudation 剥蚀corrasion 磨蚀corrosion 腐蚀dissolution 溶蚀landslide 滑坡collapse(rock fall) 崩塌mud flow 泥石流earthquake 地震intensity 烈度magnitude 震级◆水文(Hydrology)ground water(subsurface water) 地下水surface water 地表水atmospheric water 大气水runoff 径流fresh /plain /sweet water 淡水river flow/discharge 河水流量peak flood flow 洪峰流量flood out flow 洪水下泄流量dry season 枯水季wet season 丰水季flood (raining) season 汛期non-flood season 非汛期5% frequency flood 20 年一遇洪水flood control 防汛/*（二）工程施工.机电类◆金属结构（Hydromechanical work) 闸门(Gate)service gate 工作门emergency gate 事故门maintenance gate 检修门sector gate 弧形闸门eccentric hinge sector gate 偏心铰闸门plane gate 平面闸门fixed wheel plane gate 定轮平面闸门trashrack 拦污栅trash rake 清污机预埋件（Embedded Parts）sill 底砍main guide 主轨auxiliary guide 副轨reverse guide 反轨side guide 侧轨lintel 门楣steel liner 钢衬high pressure water pipe 高压冲水管pressure balance water pipe 冲水水平管组件/部件（Assembly/parts）gate leaf 门叶crank 拐臂arm 支撑seal 水封main seal 主水封side seal 侧水封top seal 顶水封bottom seal 底水封auxiliary seal 辅助水封、节流器clip plate 压板slide block 滑块side slide block 侧向滑块reverse slide block 反向滑块fixed wheel 定轮main wheel 主轮side wheel 侧轮ballast 配重lifting ear 吊耳lifting link 拉杆trunion 支饺hinge 铰链hinged support 饺座hinged shaft 铰轴cover 端盖trunion beam 支饺梁dogging beam 锁定梁启闭机（Hoist）wire rope hoist 固定卷扬式启闭机hydraulic hoist 液压启闭机monorail hoist 单轨启闭机overhead crane 桥机bridge crane 桥机support frame 机架reducer 减速器motor 电动机pulley 滑轮live pulley 动滑轮fixed pulley 定滑轮equalizer pulley 平衡滑轮drum 卷筒steel wire rope 钢丝绳position sensor 高度传感器load sensor 荷载传感器brake 制动器hydraulic system 液压系统oil cylinder 油缸piston rod 活塞杆pump station 泵站oil tank 邮箱pipe 管道filter 过滤器accumulator 蓄能器valve 阀logic valve 逻辑阀check valve 单向阀ball valve 球阀cartridge valve 插装阀solenoid operated directional valve 电磁换向阀门式起重机（Grantry Crane）rail 轨道lifting mechanism 起升机构traveling mechanism 运行机构inspection trolley 检修小车gantry 门架support column 门腿primary beam 主梁bridge beam 横梁cross beam 端梁side beam 边梁lifting beam 起吊梁/*hook 吊狗buffer 缓冲装置rail clamping device 夹轨器driving wheel 主动轮driven wheel 从动轮其他（Others）abnormal vibration 反常震动activate 激活anti-clockwise 逆时针anticorrosion 防腐carry on 继续进行carry out 执行clockwise顺时针commissioning 试运行concentricity deviation 同心度偏差connect 连接debris 碎片de-energize 断电detect 探测dry test 无水试验dynamic loading test 动载试验energize 给……加电erection 架立expansion 伸展fasten 扣紧fit 安装flowing water 动水gate closure 闭门gate opening 启门gate position restoration 门位恢复idle test 空载试验impact 碰撞in pressure balance condition 平压条件下lift……into position 将……起吊到位locate 定位lower 降下manual operation 手动操作noise 噪声note 记录operating gap 运作空隙pack 衬垫particle 微粒perform 执行position accurately 精确定位precise 精确的pre-set 预留/预置press button 按下按钮progressively 逐渐地purity 纯度push 推reliable 可靠的residual oil 余油retraction 回缩run 运行secure 保护separately or simultaneously 单独/同时地set up 架设setting 设置/读数shim 薄垫片slack 松弛static loading test 静载试验still water 静水switch off 切断synchronize 同步tighten 拧紧under water head condition 水压作用条件下wet test 有水试验◆焊接和无损检验（Welding and Nondestructive Testing）焊接{Welding）arc strike 引弧/弧伤arc welding 电弧焊automatic welding 自动焊back gouging 背面清根backing 垫板base metal 母材build-up welding 堆焊/补焊butt joint 对接接头carbon rode 碳棒complete fusion 完全融合corner joint 角接接头covered electrode 涂料焊条coupon 试件direct current electrodenegative(DCEN) 直流电极接负direct current electrodepositive(DCEP) 直流电极接正double welding 双面焊double-bevel groove weld 双斜边坡口焊缝double-J groove weld 双面J 型坡口焊缝double-U groove weld 双面U型坡口焊缝double-Vee groove weld 双面V 型坡口焊缝electrode 焊条/电极electrode holder 焊钳/*electrosgas welding 电气焊electroslag welding 电渣焊filler metal 填充金属fillet weld 角焊缝full fillet weld 大填角焊缝flat welding 平焊flux 焊剂flux cored arc welding 药芯焊丝弧焊forehand welding 左焊法friction welding 摩擦焊full penetration weld 全融透焊缝fusion 熔合fusion line 熔合线groove weld 坡口焊缝heat affecter zone 热影响区horizontal welding 横焊lap joint 搭接接头machine welding 机器焊manual welding 手工焊overhead welding 仰焊oxyfuel gas cutting(OFC) 氧燃料气割oxyfuel gas welding(OFW) 氧燃料气焊partial penetration weld 非全融透焊缝pass 焊道peening 锤击plasma arc welding 等离子弧焊plug weld 塞焊porosity 气孔postheating 后热postweld heat treatment 焊后热处理preheating 预热resistance welding 电阻焊seal weld 密封焊缝seam welding 缝焊semi-automatic welding 半自动焊single-bevel groove weld 单斜边坡口焊缝single-J groove weld 单面J 型坡口焊缝single-U groove weld 单面U型坡口焊缝single-Vee groove weld 单面V型坡口焊缝slag inclusion 夹渣spot welding 点焊square groove weld 直坡口焊缝submerged arc welding 埋弧焊tack welding 定位焊undercut 咬边vertical welding 立焊weld head 焊道weldment 焊件无损检验（Nondestructive Testing）angled beam 斜射波back scatter 背散射calibration block 校准试块cleaning agent 清洗剂contact beam 接触波couplaut 偶合剂crimp 褶皱definition 清晰度delayed sweep 延时扫描detergent 去污剂developer 显像剂double-wall viewing 双壁透照echo 回波eddy current examination 涡流检验emulsifier 乳化剂examination medium 检验介质exposure 暴光inage quality indicator 象质显示器inspector 检验师liquid penetrants testing 渗液检验magnetic particle testing 磁粉检验mass spectrometer 质普仪nondestructive inspection 无损探伤penetrameter 透度计penetrant 渗透剂radiographic testing 射线检验scan 扫描scratch 划痕search unit 探头single-wall viewing 单壁透照sniffer 嗅探器straight beam 直射波streak 条纹ultrasonic instrument 超声仪ultrasonic testing 超声波检验visual testing 目测、外观检验wheel search unit 轮式探头X-ray machine X-射线仪◆水轮机（Hydraulic Turbine）hydraulic turbine 水轮机reaction turbine 反击式水轮机impulse turbine 冲击式水轮机francis turbine 混流式水轮机axial turbine 轴流式水轮机prototype turbine 原型水轮机/*rated head 额定水头effective head 有效水头net head 净水头maximal head 最大水头minimal head 最小水头spiral case 蜗壳stay ring 座环wicket gate 导叶main shaft 主轴shaft seal 主轴密封coupling flange 连接法兰runner 转轮runner crown 转轮上冠runner band 转轮下环runner cone 转轮泄水锥runner blade/bucket 转轮叶片head cover 顶盖bottom ring 底环discharge ring 基础环draft tube 尾水管draft tube cone 尾水锥管draft tube elbow 尾水肘管governor 调速器governor cubicle/cabinet 调速器柜oil pressure tank/vessel 压力油罐oil sump tank 回油箱gate ring 控制环distributor 导水机构shear pin 剪断销ring gate 筒形阀servomotor 接力器efficiency 效率output 出力discharge 流量sir admission system 补气系统vortex 涡流检验special tool 专用工具auxiliary equipment 辅助设备damper/absorber/cushion 减震器、阴尼器runout 摆度water hammer 水击guide bearing 导轴承operation condition 运行工况opening 开度cavitation 空蚀erosion resistant coating 抗磨涂层load 负荷inertia 惯性flywheel effect 飞轮效应time constant 时间常数mandoor 进入门pit liner 机坑里衬elastic layer 弹性垫层turbine pit 机坑feedback 反馈main distributing valve 主配压阀solenoid 线圈relay 继电器transfer function 传递函数◆机械通用词汇abrasion performance 耐磨性abrasion test 磨耗试验accessory 附件、配件、零件accuracy 准确性、精度anti-corrosion 抗蚀balance test 平衡试验bearing 轴承bearing box 轴承箱bearing bush 轴瓦、轴套bearing carrier 轴承座bearing collar 轴承环、推力头bearing cover 轴承盖bearing journal 轴颈bend 弯头bend radius 弯曲半径bending strength 抗弯强度bolt 螺栓bore 钻孔bore machine 镗床brake valve 制动阀by-pass 旁通callipers 卡尺cardan shaft 万向轴cast 铸造characteristic test 特性试验chock 楔子、垫块clamp 卡头、夹板clearing of fault 故障排除clip 夹具、钳coat 涂层correction value 矫正值cottor pin 开口销coupling flange 联结法兰damping device 缓冲装置/*deflection 挠度density 密度derusting 除锈descale 除垢deviation 偏差dial 刻度盘dial gauge 千分尺distort 变形dowel pin (setpin) 定位销eccentric cam 偏心凸轮eccentric pin 偏心销eccentricity 偏心、偏心率、偏心度elastic bearing 弹性轴承elastic deformation 弹性变形elastic limit 弹性极限facility 设备、设施factory assembly 工厂装配fashioned iron 型钢feed pipe 供水管female end 内止口field welding 现场焊缝finish 表面光洁度、精加工fitting allowance 装配公差fitting assembling 零件装配fitting face 配合面flange 法兰flatness 平整度flaw 缺陷flexibility 挠性、柔性forge 锻造foundation 基础friction 摩擦gauge 规、计、表gear 齿轮globe valve 球阀grade 等级hardness 硬度heat treatment 热处理interface 分界面、接触面、接口joint接头、接缝、连接、焊接joint face 结合面、接缝面lubricant 润滑剂、润滑材料lubrication circuit 润滑管道lubrication oil 润滑油machine 机加工machine tool 机床male end 外止口monkey wrench 活动扳手nail 钉子nipple 管接头nut 螺母o-ring O 形环operating condition 运行情况pretreatment 预处理process 流程、工艺screw cap 螺帽spigot 套管、止口stroke 行程valve 阀门verticality 垂直度washer 垫圈wedge 楔子板◆电气设备及元器件（Electrical Equipment & Element Parts）generator 发电机motor 电动机3-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor三相鼠笼式电动机3-phase wind asynchronous 三相绕线式电动机motor armature 电枢brush 电刷coil 线圈、绕组energizing coil 励磁线圈stator 定子stator core 定子铁芯stator winding 定子绕组rotator 转子transformer 变压器isolating transformer 隔离变压器mutual inductor 互感器current transformer(CT) 电流互感器potential transformer(PT) 电压互感器high-voltage equipment 高压电器breaker 断路器isolating switch 隔离开关bushing 套管insulator 绝缘子suspended insulator 悬式绝缘子column-type insulator 支柱绝缘子reactor 电抗器capacitor 电容器lightning rod 避雷针（器）low-voltage electric appliance 低压电器。
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blanket
铺盖区
Weighted cover
盖重区
Concrete cutoff wall
砼防渗墙
Block stone filling
块石填筑
Stone ballast filling
石渣填筑
Sand gravel filling
砂石填筑
Rock fill riprap
抛石护坡
Bulkhead gate
增压泵
Governor Oil Cooler
调速器油冷却器
Shaft Seal Leakage
轴封泄漏
Fan
鼓风机
Excitation Transformer
励磁变压器
NeutralEarthingTransformer
中性点接地变压器
Oil/Water Separator
油水分离器
Dirty Oil Tank
轻度/中度/高度风化线
Conventional Reinforced Concrete
常规钢筋混凝土
Training Wall
导墙
Radial Gate
弧形闸门
StoplogSlot
叠梁门槽
Grout Enriched RCC
富浆RCC
Natural Ground Line
原始地面线
Drain Hole
行车道
Access hatch
通道口
Step iron
爬梯
stairwell
楼梯井
Station service power
厂用电
Communication power supply
通讯供电
Cooling water
冷却水
Chilled water
冷冻水
Quarry Site
采石场
Explosive Magazine
Flip Bucket
挑流鼻坎
Concrete Slope Protection
砼边坡保护
Gate Chamber
闸室
Blanket
铺盖
Cushion Zone
垫层区
Toe Wall
趾墙
Spillway Tunnel
溢洪洞
Backfill Concrete
回填混凝土
Approach Channel
引水渠
收缩缝
bolt
锚杆
dowel
挂网锚杆
Feature dowel
特色锚杆
水泥灌浆系统锚杆
Potable water
饮用水
Raw water
原水（未经处理的水）
Drainage
排水
Dewatering
抽水
55号图纸中的厂房楼层
Service floor
服务楼层
Mechanicalservice floor
人工骨料
Aggregate Stockpile-Main
骨料主堆场
Metal Workshop
金结加工场
RCC
碾压混凝土
CVC
常规混凝土
RCC Dam
碾压混凝土坝
CFRD Dam
混凝土面板堆石坝
Left/Right Abutment
左/右坝肩
Dam Crest
坝顶
Dam Toe
坝趾
Batching Plant
Gate Chamber
闸室
Fixed Cone Valve
锥形阀
Flip Bucket
抛流鼻坎
Overburden Stripping
覆盖层剥离
Consolidation Grouting
固结灌浆
Shut Off Valve
关闭阀
Actuated Valve
驱动阀
Air Scour
气体冲刷
Booster Pumps
旋转柱
Ventilation Room
通风室
Cable Shaft
电缆井
Excitation Panels
励磁盘
Control Panels
控制盘
Unit Aux. Boards
机组辅助盘
Switch Boards
配电盘
Station Supply Boards
电站供电配电盘
Step Down Transformer
炸药库
Disposal Yard Transition Stockpile Yard
渣料过渡料堆场
Disposal Yard
弃渣场
Steel & CarpentryProcessing Yard
钢筋和木材加工场
Aggregate Processing Plant
骨料加工厂
Artificial aggregate
Surge shaft
调压井
Surge chamber
调压室
Non-overflow section
非溢流坝段
Flood release tunnel
泄洪洞
Low level outlet
泄洪底孔
Rock fill zone
堆石区
Main rock fill zone
主堆石区
Cushion zone
防渗料
Natural Fine/Coarse Material
天然细/粗骨料
Power Line
供电线
Transmission Line
输电线
Waterway System
发电引水系统
Catchment Area
集水区/流域面积
100-year Return Period
100年一遇
Maximum Flood Level
机械维护楼层
58号图纸-厂房运行空气系统
Station VAC system
厂房通风空调系统
Tool aircompressor
服务空压机
Tool air receiver
服务储气罐
厂房内的水泵
Drainage pump
排水泵
Dewatering pump
抽水泵
Transfer pump
输送泵
Aeration pipe
拌合楼
Concrete Conveyor System
混凝土运输系统
Vertical Shaft
竖井
Switch yard
开关站
Powerhouse
厂房
Surface Powerhouse
地面厂房
Power Station
电站
Power Intake
进水口
Diversion Tunnel
导流洞
Power Tunnel
降压变压器
Gear Oil Pump
齿轮油泵
Filter Press
压滤机
Fire Control Room
消防室
Governor
调速器
Oil Pressure Unit
油压装置
Water Treatment Room
水处理室
Spillway Center Line
溢洪道中线
Sand Gravel
砂砾石
发电隧洞
Construction Road
施工道路
Service Road
便道
Installed Capacity
装机容量
Spillway
溢洪道
Alternative
备选方案/比选方案
Upstream/Downstream Cofferdam
上游/下游围堰
Plinth
趾板
Penstock
压力钢管
Acceptable Rock Line
最大洪水位
Full Supply Level
最高运行水位
Minimum Operation Level
最低运行水位
Active Storage Volume
有效库容
Dam Crest Elevation
坝顶高程
Maximum Dam Height
最大坝高
Plunge Pool
消力池
Non-overflow Dam
污油池
Potable Water Tank
饮用水箱
Header tank
上水箱
Water Treatment Plant
水处理设备
Level Indicator
液位计
Chainage
桩号
Street lighting
路灯
Remove Overburden Layer
覆盖层剥离
Hydraulic Hoist
液压启闭机
Air Vent
通风槽
Fiber ReinforcedShotcrete
钢纤维喷砼
Gate Slot
闸门槽
Steel Lining
钢衬
Inclined Shaft
斜井
Surrounding Rock
围岩
Tailrace Tunnel
允许的基岩线
Borehole
钻孔
Flood Release Tunnel
泄洪洞
Water Table
水位线
Fault
断层
Engineering Geological Profile
工程地质剖面图
Upstream Inlet
上游进口
Downstream Outlet
下游出口
Impervious Material