2015中英文对照的建筑设计要求
建筑设计中英文对照表电子教案
建筑设计中英文对照表目录：Cover封面Content目录Design Explanation设计说明Master Plan总平面Space Sequence Analysis景观空间分析Function Analysis功能分析Landscape Theme Analysis景观景点主题分析图Traffic Analysis交通分析Vertical Plan竖向平面布置图Lighting Furniture Layout灯光平面布置示意图Marker/Background Music/Garbage Bin标识牌/背景音乐/垃圾桶布置图Plan平面图Hand Drawing手绘效果图Section剖面图Detail详图Central Axis中心公共主轴Reference Picture参考图片Planting Reference Picture植物选样材料类：aluminum铝asphalt沥青alpine rock轻质岗石boasted ashlars粗凿ceramic陶瓷、陶瓷制品cobble小圆石、小鹅卵石clay粘土crushed gravel碎砾石crushed stone concrete碎石混凝土crushed stone碎石cement石灰enamel陶瓷、瓷釉frosted glass磨砂玻璃grit stone/sand stone砂岩glazed colored glass/colored glazed glass彩釉玻璃granite花岗石、花岗岩gravel卵石galleting碎石片ground pavement material墙面地砖材料light-gauge steel section/hollow steel section薄壁型钢light slates轻质板岩lime earth灰土masonry砝石结构membrane张拉膜、膜结构membrane waterproofing薄膜防水mosaic马赛克quarry stone masonry/quarrystone bond粗石体plaster灰浆polished plate glass/polished plate磨光平板玻璃panel面板、嵌板rusticated ashlars粗琢方石rough rubble粗毛石reinforcement钢筋设计阶段：existing condition analysis现状分析analyses of existings城市现状分析construction site service施工现场服务conceptual design概念设计circulation analysis交通体系分析construction drawing施工图complete level完成面标高details细部设计、细部大样示意图diagram示意图、表elevation上升、高地、海拔、正面图development design扩初设计façade/elevation正面、立面general development analysis城市总体发展分析general situation survey概况general layout plan/master plan总平面general nature environment总体自然分析grid and landmark analysis城市网格系统及地标性建筑物分析general urban and landscape concept总体城市及景观设计概念general level design总平面竖向设计general section总体剖面图layout plan布置图legend图例lighting plan灯光布置图plan drawing平面图plot plan基地图presentation drawing示意图perspective/render效果图pavement plan铺装示意图reference pictures/imaged picture参考图片reference level参考标高图片site overall arrangement场地布局space sequence relation空间序列specification指定、指明、详细说明书scheme design方案设计sketch手绘草图sectorization功能分区section剖面site planning场地设计reference picture of planting植物配置意向图reference picture of street furniture街道家具布置意向图设计描述：a thick green area密集绿化administration/administrative行政administration zone行政区位function analysis功能分析arc/camber弧形askew歪的、斜的aesthetics美学height高度abstract art抽象派artist艺术家、大师art nouveau新艺术主义acre英亩architect建筑师be integrated with与……结合起来bisect切成两份、对开bend弯曲boundary/border边界operfloor架空层budget预算estimate评估beach海滩building code建筑规范。
建筑结构设计中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)Create and comprehensive technology in the structure globaldesign of the buildingThe 21st century will be the era that many kinds of disciplines technology coexists , it will form the enormous motive force of promoting the development of building , the building is more and more important too in global design, the architect must seize the opportunity , give full play to the architect's leading role, preside over every building engineering design well. Building there is the global design concept not new of architectural design,characteristic of it for in an all-round way each element not correlated with building- there aren't external environment condition, building , technical equipment,etc. work in coordination with, and create the premium building with the comprehensive new technology to combine together.The premium building is created, must consider sustainable development , namely future requirement , in other words, how save natural resources as much as possible, how about protect the environment that the mankind depends on for existence, how construct through high-quality between architectural design and building, in order to reduce building equipment use quantity andreduce whole expenses of project.The comprehensive new technology is to give full play to the technological specialty of every discipline , create and use the new technology, and with outside space , dimension of the building , working in coordination with in an all-round way the building component, thus reduce equipment investment and operate the expenses.Each success , building of engineering construction condense collective intelligence and strength; It is intelligence and expectation that an architect pays that the building is created; The engineering design of the building is that architecture , structure , equipment speciality compose hardships and strength happenning; It is the diligent and sweat paid in design and operation , installation , management that the construction work is built up .The initial stage of the 1990s, our understanding that the concept of global design is a bit elementary , conscientious to with making some jobs in engineering design unconsciously , make some harvest. This text Hangzhou city industrial and commercial bank financial comprehensive building and Hangzhou city Bank of Communications financial building two building , group of " scientific and technological progress second prize " speak of from person who obtain emphatically, expound the fact global design - comprehensive technology that building create its , for reach global design outstanding architect in two engineering design, have served as the creator and persons who cooperate while every stage design and even building are built completely.Two projects come into operation for more than 4 years formally , run and coordinate , good wholly , reach the anticipated result, accepted and appreciated by the masses, obtain various kinds of honor .outstanding to design award , progress prize in science and technology , project quality bonus , local top ten view , best model image award ,etc., the ones that do not give to the architect and engineers without one are gratified and proud. The building is created Emphasizing the era for global design of the building, the architects' creation idea and design method should be broken through to some extent, creation inspirations is it set up in analysis , building of global design , synthesize more to burst out and at the foundation that appraise, learn and improve the integration capability exactly designed in building , possess the new knowledge system and thinking method , merge multi-disciplinary technology. We have used the new design idea in above-mentioned projects, have emphasized the globality created in building .Is it is it act as so as to explain to conceive to create two design overview and building of construction work these now.1) The financial comprehensive building of industrial and commercial bank of HangZhou,belong to the comprehensive building, with the whole construction area of 39,000 square meters, main building total height 84, 22, skirt 4 of room, some 6 storeys, 2 storeys of basements.Design overall thinking break through of our country bank building traditional design mode - seal , deep and serious , stern , form first-class function, create of multi-functional type , the style of opening , architecture integrated with the mode of the international commercial bank.The model of the building is free and easy, opened, physique was made up by the hyperboloid, the main building presented " the curved surface surrounded southwards ", skirt room presents " the curved surface surrounded northwards ", the two surround but become intension of " gathering the treasure ".Building flourishing upwards, elevation is it adopt large area solid granite wall to design, the belt aluminium alloy curtain wall of the large area and some glass curtain walls, and interweave the three into powerful and vigorous whole , chase through model and entity wall layer bring together , form concise , tall and straight , upward tendency of working up successively, have distinct and unique distinctions.Building level and indoor space are designed into a multi-functional type and style of opening, opening, negotiate , the official working , meeting , receiving , be healthy and blissful , visit combining together. Spacious and bright two storeys open in the hall unifiedly in the Italian marble pale yellow tone , in addition, the escalator , fountain , light set off, make the space seem very magnificent , graceful and sincere. Intelligent computer network center, getting open and intelligent to handle official business space and all related house distribute in all floor reasonably. Top floor round visit layer, lift all of Room visit layer , can have a panoramic view of the scenery of the West Lake , fully enjoy the warmth of the nature. 2) The financial building of Bank of Communications of Hangzhou, belong to the purely financial office block, with the whole construction area of 19,000 square meters, the total height of the building is 39.9 meters, 13 storeys on the ground, the 2nd Floor. Live in building degree high than it around location , designer have unique architectural appearance of style architectural design this specially, its elevation is designed into a new classical form , the building base adopts the rough granite, show rich capability , top is it burn granite and verticality bar and some form aluminum windows make up as the veneer to adopt, represent the building noble and refined , serious personality of the bank.While creating in above-mentioned two items, besides portraying the shape of the building and indoor space and outside environment minister and blending meticulously, in order to achieve the outstanding purpose of global design of the building , the architect , still according to the region and project characteristic, put forward the following requirement to every speciality:(1) Control the total height of the building strictly;(2) It favorable to the intelligent comfortable height of clearances to create; (3) Meet thefloor area of owner's demand;(4)Protect the environment , save the energy , reduce and make the investment;(5) Design meticulously, use and popularize the new technology; (6)Cooperate closely in every speciality, optimization design.Comprehensive technologyThe building should have strong vitality, there must be sustainable development space, there should be abundant intension and comprehensive new technology. Among above-mentioned construction work , have popularized and used the intelligent technology of the building , has not glued and formed the flat roof beam of prestressing force - dull and stereotyped structure technology and flat roof beam structure technology, baseplate temperature mix hole , technology of muscle and base of basement enclose new technology of protecting, computer control STL ice hold cold air conditioner technology, compounding type keeps warm and insulates against heat the technology of the wall , such new technologies as the sectional electricity distribution room ,etc., give architecture global design to add the new vitality of note undoubtedly.1, the intelligent technology of the buildingIn initial stage of the 1990s, the intelligent building was introduced from foreign countries to China only as a kind of concept , computer network standard is it soon , make information communication skeleton of intelligent building to pursue in the world- comprehensive wiring system becomes a kind of trend because of 10BASE-T. In order to make the bank building adapt to the development of the times, the designer does one's utmost to recommend and design the comprehensive wiring system with the leading eyes , this may well be termed the first modernized building which adopted this technical design at that time.(1) Comprehensive wiring system one communication transmission network, it make between speech and data communication apparatus , exchange equipment and other administrative systems link to each other, make the equipment and outside communication network link to each other too. It include external telecommunication connection piece and inside information speech all cable and relevant wiring position of data terminal of workspace of network. The comprehensive wiring system adopts the products of American AT&T Corp.. Connected up the subsystem among the subsystem , management subsystem , arterial subsystem and equipment to make up by workspace subsystem , level.(2) Automated systems of security personnel The monitoring systems of security personnel of the building divide into the public place and control and control two pieces of systemequipment with the national treasury special-purposly synthetically.The special-purpose monitoring systems of security personnel of national treasury are in the national treasury , manage the storehouse on behalf of another , transporting the paper money garage to control strictly, the track record that personnel come in and go out, have and shake the warning sensor to every wall of national treasury , the camera, infrared microwave detector in every relevant rooms, set up the automation of controlling to control.In order to realize building intellectuality, the architect has finished complete indoor environment design, has created the comfortable , high-efficient working environment , having opened up the room internal and external recreation space not of uniform size, namely the green one hits the front yard and roofing, have offered the world had a rest and regulated to people working before automation is equipped all day , hang a design adopt the special building to construct the node in concrete ground , wall at the same time.2, has not glued and formed the flat roof beam of prestressing force- dull and stereotyped structure technology and flat roof beam structure technologyIn order to meet the requirement with high assurance that the architect puts forward , try to reduce the height of structure component in structure speciality, did not glue and form the flat roof beam of prestressing force concrete - dull and stereotyped structure technology and flat roof beam structure technology after adopting.(1) Adopt prestressing force concrete roof beam board structure save than ordinary roof beam board concrete consumption 15%, steel consumption saves 27%, the roof beam reduces 300mm high.(2) Adopt flat roof beam structure save concrete about 10% consumption than ordinary roof beam board, steel consumption saves 6.6%, the roof beam reduces 200mm high.Under building total situation that height does not change , adopt above-mentioned structure can make the whole building increase floor area of a layer , have good economic benefits and social benefit.3, the temperature of the baseplate matches muscle technologyIn basement design , is it is it is it after calculating , take the perimeter to keep the construction technology measure warm to split to resist to go on to baseplate, arrange temperature stress reinforcing bar the middle cancelling , dispose 2 row receives the strength reinforcing bar up and down only, this has not only save the fabrication cost of the project but also met the basement baseplate impervious and resisting the requirement that splits.4, the foundation of the basement encloses and protects the new technology of design and operationAdopt two technological measures in enclosing and protecting a design:(1) Cantilever is it is it hole strength is it adopt form strengthen and mix muscle technology to design to protect to enclose, save the steel and invite 60t, it invests about 280,000 to save.(2) Is it is it protect of of elevation and keep roof beam technology to enclose , is it protect long to reduce 1.5m to enclose all to reduce, keep roof beam mark level on natural ground 1.5m , is it is it protect of lateral pressure receive strength some height to enclose to change, saving 137.9 cubic meters of concrete, steel 16.08t, reduces and invests 304,000 yuan directly through calculating.5, ice hold cold air conditioner technologyIce hold cold air conditioner technology belong to new technology still in our country , it heavy advantage that the electricity moves the peak and operates the expenses sparingly most. In design, is it ice mode adopt some (weight ) hold mode of icing , is it ice refrigeration to be plane utilization ratio high to hold partly to hold, hold cold capacity little , refrigeration plane capacity 30%-45% little than routine air conditioner equipment, one economic effective operational mode.Hold the implementation of the technology of the cold air conditioner in order to cooperate with the ice , has used intelligent technology, having adopted the computer to control in holding and icing the air conditioner system, the main task has five following respects:(1) According to the demand for user's cold load , according to the characteristic of the structure of the electric rate , set up the ice and hold the best operation way of the cold system automatically, reduce the operation expenses of the whole system;(2) Fully utilize and hold the capacity of the cold device, should try one's best to use up all the cold quantity held basically on the same day;(3) Automatic operation state of detection system, ensure ice hold cold system capital equipment normal , safe operation;(4) Automatic record parameter that system operate, display system operate flow chart and type systematic operation parameter report form;(5) Predict future cooling load, confirm the future optimization operation scheme.Ice hold cold air conditioner system test run for some time, indicate control system to be steady , reliable , easy to operate, the system operates the energy-conserving result remarkably.6, the compounding type keeps in the wall warm and insulates against heat To the area of Hangzhou , want heating , climate characteristic of lowering the temperature in summer in winter, is it protect building this structural design person who compound is it insulate against heat the wall to keep warm to enclose specially, namely: Fit up , keep warm , insulate against heat the three not to equal to the body , realize building energy-conservation better.Person who compound is it insulate against heat wall to combine elevation model characteristic , design aluminium board elevation renovation material to keep warm, its structure is: Fill out and build hollow brick in the frame structure, do to hang the American Fluorine carbon coating inferior mere aluminium board outside the hollow brick wall.Aluminium board spoke hot to have high-efficient adiabatic performance to the sun, under the same hot function of solar radiation, because the nature , color of the surface material are different from coarse degree, whether can absorb heat have great difference very , between surface and solar radiation hot absorption system (α ) and material radiation system (Cλ ) is it say to come beyond the difference this. Adopt α and Cλ value little surface material have remarkable result , board α、Cλ value little aluminium have, its α =0.26, Cλ =0.4, light gray face brick α =0.56, Cλ =4.3.Aluminium board for is it hang with having layer under air by hollow brick to do, because aluminium board is it have better radiation transfer to hot terms to put in layer among the atmosphere and air, this structure is playing high-efficient adiabatic function on indoor heating too in winter, so, no matter or can well realize building energy-conservation in winter in summer.7, popularize the technology of sectional electricity distribution roomConsider one layer paves Taxi " gold " value , the total distribution of the building locates the east, set up voltage transformer and low-voltage distribution in the same room in first try in the design, make up sectional electricity distribution room , save transformer substation area greatly , adopt layer assign up and down, mixing the switchyard system entirely after building up and putting into operation, the function is clear , the overall arrangement compactness is rational , the systematic dispatcher is flexible . The technology have to go to to use and already become the model extensively of the design afterwards.ConclusionThe whole mode designed of the building synthetically can raise the adaptability of the building , it will be the inevitable trend , environmental consciousness and awareness of saving energy especially after strengthening are even more important. Developing with the economy , science and technology constantly in our country, more advanced technology and scientific and technical result will be applied to the building , believe firmly that in the near future , more outstanding building global design will appear on the building stage of our country. We will be summarizing, progressing constantly constantly, this is that history gives the great responsibility of architect and engineer.译文：建筑结构整体设计-建筑创作和综合技术21世纪将是多种学科技术并存的时代，它必将形成推动建筑发展的巨大动力，建筑结构整体设计也就越来越重要，建筑师必须把握时机，充分发挥建筑师的主导作用，主持好各项建筑工程设计。
建筑设计中英文对照外文翻译文献
建筑设计中英文对照外文翻译文献On the other hand, there is a significant amount ofliterature in the field of architecture design that is writtenin foreign languages. While it may not be as readily accessible for non-native speakers, there are many benefits to exploring literature in other languages. For example, architects who are fluent in multiple languages can have a broader understanding of different cultural approaches to architecture. By reading literature in foreign languages, architects can gain insights into design concepts and practices that may not be covered in English-language sources. This can lead to a more diverse and innovative approach to design.However, one challenge with accessing literature in foreign languages is the accuracy of translations. Architecture is a technical field with specific terminology, and it is important to ensure that translations accurately convey the intended meaning. In some cases, the translation of technical terms and concepts may not accurately convey their full meaning, which can lead to misunderstandings or confusion. Architects who rely on translated literature should be cautious and ensure they verify the accuracy of the translations with experts in the field.Despite these challenges, it is essential for architects to explore literature in multiple languages to stay informed and to gain a global perspective on architecture design. By consideringboth English and foreign language translated literature, architects can access a wider range of resources and insights. Additionally, architects should consider collaborating with colleagues who are fluent in different languages to ensure accurate translation and interpretation of foreign language sources.In conclusion, architecture design is a field that benefits from accessing literature in multiple languages. English provides a wealth of resources and is the global language of academia. However, architects who can access and read literature in foreign languages can gain new perspectives and insights into different cultural approaches to design. While caution should be taken to verify the accuracy of translations, architects should explore literature in multiple languages to broaden their understanding and enhance their creative problem-solving skills.。
建筑专业名词中英文对照
1．设计指标：statistics用地面积：site area建筑占地面积：building foot print总建筑面积：total area建筑面积floor area,building area地上建筑面积：ground area地下建筑面积：underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area公共绿地：public green land备用地用地:reserved land容积率:FAR建筑密度：building coverage绿地率：green ratio绿化率:green landscape ratio建筑高度：building height层数：number of floors停车位：parking unit地面停车：ground parking地下停车：underground parking使用面积：usable area公用面积:public area实用面积：effective area居住面积：living area计租面积rental area?租用面积得房率：effien开间bay进深depth跨度span坡度：slope，grade净空：clearance净高：clear height净空（楼梯间下）：headroom净距：clear distance套内面积：unit constraction area公摊面积：shared public area竣工面积：辅助面积：service area结构面积:structural area交通面积：communication area,passage area共有建筑面积：common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数：common building area amount coefficient公用建筑面积：public building area销售面积：sales area绿化覆盖率：green coverage ratio层高：floor height 净高：clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数：public building area amountcoefficient住宅用地：residential area其他用地:公共服务设施用地:land for public facilities道路用地：land for roads公共绿地：public green space道路红线：road property line建筑线（建筑红线)：set back line用地红线：property line，boundary line第一轮：1st round计划和程序：schedule and program工程进度表：working schedule构造材料表:list of building materials and construction设计说明：design statement图纸目录和说明：list of drawings and descriptions项目标准：project standards总结：conclusion文本及陈述：封皮：cover目录：content技术经济指标：technical and economical index概念规划设计：conceptual master paln and architecturaldesign基地分析:location analysis项目区位分析图:description of the region site and cityspace view analyze概念构思说明：chief design concept指导思想（设计主旨）：key concepts概述：introduction宗旨：mission statement愿景及设计效果：vision and design concept城市空间景观分析：urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析：landscape analysis交通分析：traffic analysis生态系统:ecological system地块A：area A模型照片：model images案例分析：case study草图:sketches设计构思草图:concept sketches规划总平面图:site plan鸟瞰图:bird view功能分区图:function organization单体透视图：unit perspective1—1剖面图：section 1—1立面图:elevation沿街立面图：street elevation平面图:plan地下一层平面图：basement plan；B1 plan首层平面图:F1 plan；ground floor plan二层平面图：2F floor plan设计阶段stages of design草图sketch方案scheme初步设计preliminary design施工图working drawing平面图plan平面放大图plan in enlarged scale剖面图section立面图elevation节点详图detail drawing透视图perspective drawings鸟瞰图birds-eye view示意图schematic diagram区划图block plan位置图location示意图：schematic diagram背景介绍:project background报告书目的：purpose of report专案区位背景：Context of 。
建筑设计中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)原文：Housing Problems and Options for the Elderly 1. IntroductionHousing is a critical element in the lives of older persons. The affordability of housing affects the ability of the elderly to afford other necessities of life such as food and medical care. Housing that is located near hospitals and doctors, shopping, transportation, and recreational facilities can facilitate access to services that can enhance the quality of life. Housing can also be a place of memories of the past and a connection to friends and neighbors. Housing with supportive features and access to services can also make it possible for persons to age in place. In this session, we will be examining housing problems andoptions for the elderly. Along the way, we will be testing your housing IQ with a series of questions and exercises.2. Housing Situation of Older PersonsHow typical is the housing situation of the olders?We will begin by examining five areas :（1）Prevalence of home ownership （2）Length of stay in current residence （3）Living arrangements （4）Attachments of older persons to where they live （5）Moving behavior.With whom older persons live can influence housing affordability, space needs, and the ability to age in place. About 54% of older persons live with their spouses, 31% live alone, almost 13% live with related persons other than their spouse and about 2% live with unrelated persons. With increasing age, older persons (primarily women) are more likely to live alone or with a relative other than a spouse. Frail older women living alone are the persons most likely to reside in homes with ‘extra’ rooms and to need both physically supportive housing features and services to "age in place". This segment of the population is also the group most likely to move to more supportive housing settings such as assisted living.Many older persons have strong psychological attachments to their homes related to length of residence. The home often represents the place where they raised their children and a lifetime of memories. It is also a connection to an array of familiar persons such as neighbors and shopkeepers as well as near by places including houses of worship, libraries and community services. For manyolder persons, the home is an extension of their own personalities which is found in the furnishings . In addition, the home can represent a sense of economic security for the future, especially for homeowners who have paid off their mortgages. For owners, the home is usually their most valuable financial asset. The home also symbolizes a sense of independence in that the resident is able to live on his or her own. For these types of reasons, it is understandable that in response to a question about housing preferences, AARP surveys of older persons continue to find that approximately 80% of older persons report that what they want is to "stay in their own homes and never move." This phenomena has been termed the preference to "age in place."Although most older persons move near their current communities, some seek retirement communities in places with warmer weather in the southwest, far west and the south.3. The Federal Government's Housing Programs for the ElderlyThe federal government has had two basic housing strategies to address housing problems of the elderly. One strategy, termed the "supply side" approach, seeks to build new housing complexes such as public housing and Section 202 housing for older persons. Public housing is administered by quasi-governmental local public housing authorities. Section 202 Housing for the elderly and disabled is sponsored by non-profit organizations including religious and non-sectarian organizations. Approximately 1.5 million olderpersons or 3% of the elderly population live in federally assisted housing, with about 387,000 living in Section 202 housing. Over time, the government has shifted away from such new construction programs because of the cost of such housing, the problems that a number of non-elderly housing programs have experienced, and a philosophy that the government should no longer be directly involved with the building of housing. Section 202 housing, a very popular and successful program, is one of the few supply-side programs funded by the federal government, although the budget allocation during the last ten years has allowed for the construction of only about 6,000 units per year compared to a high of almost 20,000 units in the late 1970s. Instead of funding new construction, federal housing initiatives over the last decade have emphasized ‘demand side’ subsidies that provide low-income renters with a certificate or a voucher that they can use in a variety of multiunit settings, including apartments in the private sector that meet rental and condition guidelines. These vouchers and certificates are aimed at reducing excessive housing costs. Some certificates are termed ‘project based’ subsidies and are tied to federally subsidized housing such as Section 202. Because housing programs are not an entitlement, however, supply-side and demand side programs together are only able to meet the needs of about 1/3 of elderly renters who qualify on the basis of income.While advocates for housing have been trying to hold on to the existing programs in the face of huge budget cuts at HUD, much of the attention has been shifting towards meeting the shelter and service needs of the frail elderly. This emphasis reflects the increasing number of older persons in their eightiesand nineties who need a physically supportive environment linked with services. This group of older persons includes a high percentage of older residents of public and Section 202 housing. Initially built for independent older persons who were initially in the late sixties and early seventies, this type of housing now includes older persons in their eighties and nineties, many of whom have aged in place. Consequently, the government is faced with creating strategies to bring services into these buildings and retrofit them to better suit the needs of frail older persons. A major initiative of the early 1990s, which may be stalled by current budget problems at HUD, has been for the federal government to pay for service coordinators to assess the needs of residents of government assisted housing complexes and link them with services. As of 1998, there were approximately 1,000 service coordinators attached to government assisted housing complexes across the country.4. The Housing Continuum: A Range of Options for ElderlyA long-standing assumption in the field of housing has been that as persons become more frail, they will have to move along a housing continuum from one setting to another. As the figure on housing options suggests, along this continuum are found a range of housing options including single family homes, apartments, congregate living, assisted living, and board and care homes (Kendig & Pynoos, 1996). The end point of the housing continuum has been thenursing home. These options vary considerably in terms of their availability, affordability, and ability to meet the needs of very frail older persons.The concept of a continuum of supportive care is based on the assumption that housing options can be differentiated by the amount and types of services offered; the supportiveness of the physical setting in terms of accessibility, features, and design; and the competency level of the persons to whom the housing is targeted. The figure on housing options indicates how such options generally meet the needs of older persons who are categorized,as independent, semi-dependent and dependent. Semi-dependent older persons can be thought of as needing some assistance from other persons with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) such as cooking, cleaning, and shopping. In addition to needing assistance with some IADLs, dependent older persons may require assistance with more basic activities such as toileting, eating and bathing. Although semi-dependent and dependent older persons can be found throughout the housing continuum, independent older persons are very unlikely to reside in housing types such as assisted living specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of frail older persons unless their spouses require these needs.Although the continuum of housing identifies a range of housing types, there is increasing recognition that frail older persons do not necessarily have to move from one setting to another if they need assistance. Semi-dependent or dependent older persons can live in a variety of settings, including their own homes and apartments, if the physical environment is made more supportive, caregivers are available to provide assistance and affordable services areaccessible.5. ConclusionsHousing plays a critical role in the lives of older persons. Most older homeowners who function independently express a high level of satisfaction with their dwelling units. However, high housing costs, especially for renters, remain a financial burden for many older persons and problems associated with housing condition persist especially for low- income renters and persons living in rural areas. Federal housing programs such as public housing, Section 202 housing, and Section 8 housing certificates have only been able to address the basic housing problems of only about one-third of eligible older persons because of limited budgets. Moreover, a shortage of viable residential options exists for frail older persons. Up until the last decade, housing for the elderly was conceived of primarily as shelter. It has become increasingly recognized that frail older persons who needed services and physically supportive features often had to move from their homes or apartments to settings such as board and care or nursing homes to receive assistance. Over time, however, the concept of a variety of housing types that can be linked has replaced the original idea of the continuum of housing. It is possible for frail older persons to live in a variety of existing residential settings, including their own homes and apartments with the addition of services and home modifications. Consequently, the last decade has seen a number of efforts to modify homes, add service coordinators to multi-unit housing and create options such as accessory and ECHO units. Although thesestrategies have been enhanced by a somewhat greater availability of home care services, Medicaid policy still provides incentives to house frail older persons in nursing homes. The most visible development in the field of housing for frail older persons has been the growth of private sector assisted living which is now viewed by many state governments as a residential alternative to nursing homes. The AL movement itself has raised a number of regulatory and financing issues that cross-cut housing and long term care such as what constitutes a residential environment, insuring that residents can age in place, accommodating resident preferences, protecting the rights of individuals and insuring quality of care. Nevertheless, the emergence of AL along with a wider range of other housing options holds out the promise that older persons will have a larger range of choices among living arrangements.译文：老年人的住宅问题与选择一、简介住宅在老年人生活的极为重要。
建筑专业名词中英文对照word文档
1．设计指标：statistics用地面积:site area建筑占地面积：building foot print总建筑面积：total area建筑面积floor area，building area地上建筑面积：ground area地下建筑面积:underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area公共绿地：public green land备用地用地:reserved land容积率：FAR建筑密度:building coverage绿地率：green ratio绿化率：green landscape ratio建筑高度：building height层数:number of floors停车位：parking unit地面停车：ground parking地下停车：underground parking使用面积：usable area公用面积：public area实用面积：effective area居住面积：living area计租面积rental area？租用面积得房率:effien开间bay进深depth跨度span坡度：slope，grade净空：clearance净高：clear height净空（楼梯间下)：headroom净距：clear distance套内面积：unit constraction area公摊面积:shared public area竣工面积:辅助面积：service area结构面积:structural area交通面积：communication area,passage area共有建筑面积：common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数：common building area amount coefficient公用建筑面积：public building area销售面积：sales area绿化覆盖率：green coverage ratio 层高:floor height净高：clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数：public building area amount coefficient住宅用地：residential area其他用地:公共服务设施用地：land for public facilities道路用地：land for roads公共绿地：public green space道路红线：road property line建筑线（建筑红线）:set back line用地红线：property line，boundary line第一轮：1st round计划和程序：schedule and program工程进度表:working schedule构造材料表:list of building materials and construction设计说明:design statement图纸目录和说明:list of drawings and descriptions项目标准:project standards总结：conclusion文本及陈述：封皮：cover目录:content技术经济指标：technical and economical index概念规划设计：conceptual master paln and architectural design基地分析：location analysis项目区位分析图：description of the region site and city space view analyze概念构思说明：chief design concept指导思想（设计主旨)：key concepts概述：introduction宗旨:mission statement愿景及设计效果：vision and design concept城市空间景观分析：urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析：landscape analysis交通分析：traffic analysis生态系统:ecological system地块A：area A模型照片：model images案例分析：case study草图：sketches设计构思草图：concept sketches规划总平面图：site plan鸟瞰图:bird view.功能分区图：function organization单体透视图:unit perspective1—1剖面图：section 1—1立面图:elevation沿街立面图：street elevation平面图：plan地下一层平面图:basement plan;B1 plan首层平面图：F1 plan；ground floor plan二层平面图：2F floor plan设计阶段stages of design草图sketch方案scheme初步设计preliminary design施工图working drawing平面图plan平面放大图plan in enlarged scale剖面图section立面图elevation节点详图detail drawing透视图perspective drawings鸟瞰图birds—eye view示意图schematic diagram区划图block plan位置图location示意图：schematic diagram背景介绍：project background报告书目的:purpose of report专案区位背景：Context of 。
建筑设计规范中英对照表精品文档21页
工程建设国家标准名称中英文对照2019-03-07 14:28:50| 分类：知识共享|字号订阅◎〖GB/T50001-2019〗房屋建筑制图统一标准Unified standard for building drawing◎〖GBJ2-86〗建筑模数协调统一标准Unified standard for modular coordination of buildings◎〖GB50003-2019〗砌体结构设计规范Code for design of masonry structures◎〖GB50005-2019〗木结构设计规范Code for design of timber structures◎〖GBJ6-86〗厂房建筑模数协调标准Standard for modular coordination of factory buildings◎〖GB50007-2019〗建筑地基基础设计规范Code for design of building foundations◎〖GB50009-2019〗建筑结构荷载规范Loading code for design of building structures◎〖GB50010-2019〗混凝土结构设计规范Code for design of concrete structures◎〖GB50011-2019〗建筑抗震设计规范Code for seismic design of buildings◎〖GBJ12-87〗工业企业标准轨距铁路设计规范Code for design of standard track gauge railway in industrial enterprises ◎〖GBJ13-86〗室外给水设计规范Code for design of outdoor water supply engineering◎〖GBJ14-87〗室外排水设计规范Code for design of outdoor sewerage engineering◎〖GB50015-2019〗建筑给水排水设计规范Code for design of building water supply and sewerage◎〖GBJ16-87〗建筑设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of buildingsCode for design of steel structures◎〖GB550018-2019〗冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范Technical code for design of cold-formed thin-wall steel structures◎〖GB50019-2019〗采暖通风和空气调节设计规范Code for design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning◎〖GB50021-2019〗岩土工程勘察规范Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering◎〖GBJ22-87〗厂矿道路设计规范Code for design of roads in factories and mining areas◎〖GB50023-95〗建筑抗震鉴定标准Standard for earthquake-resistant evaluation of buildings◎〖GB50025-2019〗湿陷性黄土地区建筑规范Code for building construction in collapsible loess zone◎〖GB50026-93〗工程测量规范Code for engineering surveying◎〖GB50027-2019〗供水水文地质勘察规范Code for hydrogeological investigation of water supply◎〖GB50028-93〗城镇燃气设计规范Code for design of urban and rural gas supply◎〖GB50029-2019〗压缩空气站设计规范Code for design of compressed-air stations◎〖GB50030-91〗氧气站设计规范Code for design of oxygen station◎〖GB50031-91〗乙炔站设计规范Code for design of acetylene stations◎〖GB50032-2019〗室外给水排水和煤气热力工程抗震设计规范Code for earthquake - resistant design of outdoor water supply,sewerage,gas and heating engineering◎〖GB/T50033-2019〗建筑采光设计标准Standard for daylighting design of buildings◎〖GB50034-92〗工业企业照明设计标准Standard for artificial lighting design of industrial enterprisesCode of design for ground surface and floor of buildings◎〖GB50038-94〗人民防空地下室设计规范Code for design of basement for civil air defence◎〖GBJ39-90〗村镇建筑设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of rural buildings◎〖GB50040-96〗动力机器基础设计规范Code for design of dynamic machine foundation◎〖GB50041-92〗锅炉房设计规范Code for design of boiler house◎〖GBJ42-81〗工业企业通信设计规范Code for design of telecommunication in industrial enterprises◎〖GBJ43-82〗室外给水排水工程设施抗震鉴定标准Standard for seismic assessment of outdoor water supply and sewerage engineering facilities◎〖GBJ44-82〗室外煤气热力工程设施抗震鉴定标准Code for seismic assessment of outdoor gas and heating engineering facilities◎〖GB50045-95〗高层民用建筑设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of high - rise buidings◎〖GB50046-95〗工业建筑防腐蚀设计规范Code for design of corrosion prevention of industrial buildings◎〖GBJ47-83〗混响室法吸声系数测量规范Code for measurenment of sound-absorbing coefficient in reverberation room◎〖GB50049-94〗小型火力发电厂设计规范Code for design of small-sized power plant◎〖GB50050-95〗工业循环冷却水处理设计规范Code for design of industrial recirulating cooling water treatment◎〖GB50051-2019〗烟囱设计规范Code for design of chimneys◎〖GB50052-95〗供配电系统设计规范Code for design of electric power supply systems◎〖GB50053-94〗10kV及以下变电所设计规范Code for design of 10kV or under substations◎〖GB50054-95〗低压配电装置及线路设计规范Code for design of low voltage power distribution installations and wiring systems◎〖GB50055-93〗通用用电设备配电设计规范Code for design of power distribution of general electrical installations◎〖GB50056-93〗电热设备电力装置设计规范Code for design of electrical equipment of electroheat installations◎〖GB50057-94〗建筑物防雷设计规范Code for design of lightning protection of buildings◎〖GB50058-92〗爆炸和火灾危险环境电力装置设计规范Code for design of electric installations within explosion and fire hazard atmospheres ◎〖GB50059-92〗35～110kV变电所设计规范Code for design of 35~110kV substations◎〖GB50060-92〗3～110kV高压配电装置设计规范Code for design of 3~110kV high voltage electrical installations◎〖GB50061-97〗66kV及以下架空电力线路设计规范Code for design of 66kV or under over-head electrical power transmission line◎〖GB50062-92〗电力装置的继电保护和自动装置设计规范Code for design of relaying protection and automatic device of electric power installation◎〖GB50063-90〗电力装置的电气测量仪表装置设计规范Code for design of electrical measuring instrumentation of electrical installation◎〖GBJ64-83〗工业与民用电力装置的过电压保护设计规范Code for design of over-voltage protection of industrial and civil electrical installation ◎〖GBJ65-83〗工业与民用电力装置的接地设计规范Code for design of earthing of industrial and civil electrical installation◎〖GBJ66-84〗制冷设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and acceptance of instanllation works of refrigeration equipment◎〖GB50067-97〗汽车库、修车库、停车场设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of garage,motor repairshop and parking area◎〖GB50068-2019〗建筑结构设计统一标准Unified standard for design of building structures◎〖GB50069-2019〗给水排水工程结构设计规范Code for structural design of water supply and sewerage engineering◎〖GB50070-94〗矿山电力装置设计规范Code for design of mine elec-trical power equipment◎〖GB50071-2019〗小型水力发电站设计规范Code for design of small-sized hydropower stations◎〖GB50072-2019〗冷库设计规范Code for design of cold-stor-ages◎〖GB50073-2019〗洁净厂房设计规范Code for design of industrial clean rooms◎〖GB50074-2019〗石油库设计规范Code for design of petroleum depots◎〖GBJ75-84〗建筑隔声测量规范Code for measurement of building sound insulation◎〖GBJ76-84〗厅堂混响时间测量规范Code for measurement of re-verberation time in hall◎〖GB50077-2019〗钢筋混凝土筒仓设计规范Code for design of reinforced concrete silos◎〖GBJ78-85〗烟囱工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of chimney works◎〖GBJ79-85〗工业企业通信接地设计规范Code for design of telecom-munications earthing in indus-trial enterprises◎〖GB/T50080-2019〗普通混凝土拌合物性能试验方法Standard for test methods of properties of ordinary con-crete mixture◎〖GB/T50081-2019〗普通混凝土力学性能试验方法Standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordi-nary concrete◎〖GBJ82-85〗普通混凝土长期性能和耐久性能试验方法Standard for test methods of long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete◎〖GB/T50083-97〗建筑结构设计术语和符号标准Standard for terminology and symbols used in design of building structures◎〖GB50084-2019〗自动喷水灭火系统设计规范Code for design of automatic fire sprindler systems◎〖GBJ85-85〗喷灌工程技术规范Technical code for sprinkling irrigation engineering◎〖GB50086-2019〗锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范Technical code for shotcrete pock bolts shore◎〖GBJ87-85〗工业企业噪声控制设计规范Code for design of noise con-trol in industrial enterprises◎〖GBJ88-85〗驻波管法吸声系数与声阻抗率测量规范Code for measurement of sound-absorbing coefficient anb specific acoustic imped-ance of standing-wave meter◎〖GB50089-98〗民用爆破器材工厂设计安全规范Code for safety design of civil explosive materials manufac-turing plants◎〖GB50090-99〗铁路线路设计规范Code for design of railway line◎〖GB50091-99〗铁路车站及枢纽设计规范Code for design of railway stations and railway terminals◎〖GB50092-96〗沥青路面施工及验收规范Code for construction and acceptance of asphalt pavement◎〖GB50093-2019〗自动化仪表工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and acceptance of automatic instrument works◎〖GB50094-98〗球形储罐施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of spherical tank◎〖GB/T50095-98〗水文基本术语和符号标准Standard for terms and sym-bols used in hydrometry◎〖GB50096-99〗住宅设计规范Code for design of dwelling houses◎〖GBJ97-87〗水泥混凝土路面施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of cement concrete pavement◎〖GB50098-98〗人民防空工程设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of civil air defence works◎〖GBJ99-86〗中小学校建筑设计规范Code for design of secondary and primary school buildings◎〖GB50100-2019〗住宅建筑模数协调标准Standard for modular coordi-nation of dwelling houses◎〖GBJ101-87〗建筑楼梯模数协调标准Standard for modular coordi-nation of building staircases◎〖GB/T50102-2019〗工业循环冷却水设计规范Code for design of industrial recirculating cooling water◎〖GB/T50103-2019〗总图制图标准Standard for general layout drawing◎〖GB/T50104-2019〗建筑制图标准Standard for architectural drawing◎〖GB/T50105-2019〗建筑结构制图标准Standard for structural draw-ing◎〖GB/T50106-2019〗给水排水制图标准Standard for water supply and sewerage drawing◎〖GBJ107-87〗混凝土强度检验评定标准Standard for inspection and assessment of strength of con-crete◎〖GB50108-2019〗地下工程防水技术规范Technical code for water proof in underground engi-neering◎〖GBJ109-87〗工业用水软化除盐设计规范Code for design of industrial water softening and deminer-alization◎〖GBJ110-87〗卤代烷1211灭火系统设计规范Code for design of haton 1211 fire extinguishing systems◎〖GBJ111-87〗铁路工程抗震设计规范Code for seismic design of railway engineering◎〖GBJ112-87〗膨胀土地区建筑技术规范Technical code for buildings in sweelling soil zone◎〖GBJ113-87〗液压滑动模板施工技术规范Technical code for construc-tion using hydraulic slip form-works◎〖GB/T50114-2019〗暖通空调制图标准Standard for heating,ventilation and air-conditioning drawings◎〖GBJ115-87〗工业电视系统工程设计规范Code for design of close cir-cuit television system◎〖GB50116-98〗火灾自动报警系统设计规范Code for design of automatic fire alarm systems◎〖GBJ117-88〗工业构筑物抗震鉴定标准Standard for earthquake-re-sistant evaluation of industrial constructional structuresCode for sound insulation de-sign of civil buildings◎〖GB50119-2019〗混凝土外加剂应用技术规范Technical code for application of admixture in concrete◎〖GBJ120-88〗工业企业共用天线电视系统设计规范Code for design of community television system in industrial enterprises◎〖GBJ121-88〗建筑隔声评价标准Standard for assessment of building sound insulation◎〖GBJ122-88〗工业企业噪声测量规范Code for measurement of noise in industrial enterprises◎〖GB/T50123-99〗土工试验方法标准Standard for test merhods of earthworks◎〖GBJ124-88〗道路工程术语标准Standard for terms used in road engineering◎〖GBJ125-89〗给水排水设计基本术语标准Standard for basic terms used in design of water supply and sewerage engineering◎〖GBJ126-89〗工业设备及管道绝热工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of heat insulation in industrial equipment and pipe work◎〖GBJ127-89〗架空索道工程技术规范Technical code for aerial rope-way engineering◎〖GBJ128-90〗立式圆筒形钢制焊接油罐施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of stand cylindrical steel welded oil storage tank◎〖GBJ129-90〗砌体基本力学性能试验方法标准Standard for test methods of basic mechnical prorerties of masonry◎〖GBJ130-90〗钢筋混凝土升板结构技术规范Technical code for reinforced concrete lift-slab structure◎〖GBJ131-90〗自动化仪表安装工程质量检验评定标准Standard for quality inspec-tion and assessment of instal-lation works for automatic in-struments◎〖GBJ132-90〗工程结构设计基本术语和通用符号Standard for basic terms and general symbols used in struc-tural design of engineeringStandard for design of artificial lighting in civil buildings◎〖GBJ134-90〗人防工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of civil air defenceworks◎〖GBJ135-90〗高耸结构设计规范Code for design of high-rise structures◎〖GBJ136-90〗电镀废水治理设计规范Code for design of disposal of electroplating waste water◎〖GBJ137-90〗城市用地分类与规划建设用地标准Standard for classification of urban land and for planning of constructional land◎〖GBJ138-90〗水位观测标准Standard for observation of water level◎〖GBJ139-90〗内河通航标准Standard for navigation of in-land river◎〖GBJ140-90〗建筑灭火器配置设计规范Code for design of extinguish-er disposition in buildings◎〖GBJ141-90〗给水排水构筑物施工及验收规范Code for construction and acceptance of constructional structures of water supply and sewerage◎〖GBJ142-90〗中、短波广播发射台与电缆载波通信系统的防护间距标准Standard for protective spec-ing between mediurn,short wave broadcast transmitting station and electric cable car-rier telecommumication sys-tems◎〖GBJ143-90〗架空电力线路、变电所对电视差转台、转播台无线电干扰防护间距标准Standard for protective spacing of radio interference from over-head electriclines,sub-stations to television transposer station and retransmitting station◎〖GBJ144－90〗工业厂房可靠性鉴定标准Standard for reliability evalu-ation of industrial factory buildings◎〖GBJ145-90〗土的分类标准Standard for classification of soils◎〖GBJ146-90〗粉煤灰混凝土应用技术规程Technical code for application of fly ash concrete◎〖GBJ147-90〗电气装置安装工程高压电器施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of high voltage appliance◎〖GBJ148-90〗电气装置安装工程电力变压器，油浸电抗器，互感器施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of electric power transformer,oily reactance and mutual in-ductance◎〖GBJ149-90〗电气装置安装工程母线施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of bus-bar device◎〖GB50150-91〗电气装置安装工程电气设备交接试验标准Erection works of electrical installations Standard for hand-over test of electric equipment◎〖GB50151-92〗低倍数泡沫灭火系统设计规范Code for design of low expan-sion foam extinguishing sys-tems◎〖GB50152-92〗混凝土结构试验方法标准Standard for test methods of concrete structures◎〖GB50153-92〗工程结构可靠度设计统一标准Unified standard for reliabili-ty design of engineering structures◎〖GB50154-92〗地下及覆土火药炸药仓库设计安全规范Code for safety design of un-derground and earth powder and explosive warehorse◎〖GB50155-92〗采暖通风与空气调节术语标准Standard for taminology of heating ventilation and air-conditioning◎〖GB50156-2019〗汽车加油站设计与施工规范Code for design and construction of automobile fasoline and gas filling station◎〖GB50157-2019〗地下铁道设计规范Code for design of under-ground railway◎〖GB50158-92〗港口工程结构可靠度设计统一标准Unified standard for reliabili-ty design of port engineering◎〖GB50159-92〗河流悬移质泥沙测验规范Code for measurement of sus-pended sediment in open channels◎〖GB50160-92〗石油化工企业设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of petrochemical enterprises◎〖GB50161-92〗烟花爆竹工厂设计安全规范Code for safety design of fire-works and firecrackers plants◎〖GB50162-92〗道路工程制图标准Standard for road engineering drawing◎〖GB50163-92〗卤代烷1301灭火系统设计规范Code for design of halon 1301 fire extinguishing systems◎〖GB50164-92〗混凝土质量控制标准Standard for quality control of concrete◎〖GB50165-92〗古建筑木结构维护与加固技术规范Technical code for mainte-nance and strengthing of an-cient timber buildings◎〖GB50166-92〗火灾自动报警系统施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of automatic fire alarm systems◎〖GB50167-92〗工程摄影测量标准Code for engineening photo-grmmetry◎〖GB50168-92〗电气装置安装工程电缆线路施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of cable levels◎〖GB50169-92〗电气装置安装工程接地装置施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of earthed devices◎〖GB50170-92〗电气装置安装工程旋转电机施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code of con-struction and acceptance of rotating electrical machines◎〖GB50171-92〗电气装置安装工程盘、柜及二次回路结线施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of switchboard outfit,complete cubicle and secondary circuit◎〖GB50172-92〗电气装置安装工程蓄电池施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of battery◎〖GB50173-92〗电气装置安装工程35KV及以下架空电力线路施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of35KV and under over-head power levels◎〖GB50174-93〗电子计算机机房设计规范Code for design of electric computer room◎〖GB50175-93〗露天煤矿工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of open pit coal-mine engineering◎〖GB50176-93〗民用建筑热工设计规范Code for thermal design of civil buildings◎〖GB50177-93〗氢氧站设计规范Code for design of hydrogen and oxygen stations◎〖GB50178-93〗建筑气候区划标准Standard for climatic region-alization for building and civil engineering◎〖GB50179-93〗河流流量测验规范Code for measurement of fluid flow in open channels◎〖GB50180-93〗城市居住区规划设计规范Code for planning design of urban residential area◎〖GB50181-93〗蓄滞洪区建筑工程技术规范Technical code for construc-tional engineering in flood de-tention basin◎〖GB50182-93〗电气装置安装工程电梯电气装置施工及验收规范Erection works of electrical installations Code for con-struction and acceptance of electrical apparatus of eleva-tors◎〖GB/T50183-93〗原油和天然气工程设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of crude oil and natural gas works◎〖GB50184-93〗工业金属管道工程质量检验评定标准Standard for puality inspec-tion and assessment of indus-trial metal pipeline engineer-ing◎〖GB50185-93〗工业设备及管道绝热工程质量检验评定标准Standard for quality inspection and assessment of heat insulation engineering of industrial equip-ment and pipelines◎〖GB50186-93〗港口工程基本术语标准Standrd for basic terms of port engineering◎〖GB50187-93〗工业企业总平面设计规范Code for design of general plan for industrial enterprises◎〖GB50188-93〗村镇规划标准Standard for planning of rural village and town◎〖GB50189-93〗旅游旅馆建筑热工与空气调节节能设计标准Standard for design of air-conditioning and energy con-servation in tourism hotel buildings◎〖GB50190-93〗多层厂房楼盖抗微振设计规范Code for design of anti-mi-crovibration of multistory fac-tory floor◎〖GB50191-93〗构筑物抗震设计规范Code for design of earthquake-resistant of structural con-structions◎〖GB50192-93〗河港工程设计规范Code for design of river port engineering◎〖GB50193-93〗二氧化碳灭火系统设计规范Code for design of carbon dioxide fire extinguishing sys-tems◎〖GB50194-93〗建设工程施工现场供用电安全规范Code for safety of power sup-ply and consumption in engi-neering construction site ◎〖GB50195-94〗发生炉煤气站设计规范Code for design of producer gas stations◎〖GB50196-93〗高倍数、中倍数泡沫灭火系统设计规范Code for design of high and medium expansion foam fire extinguishing systems◎〖GB50197-94〗露天煤矿工程设计规范Code for design of open pit coal ming engineering◎〖GB50198-94〗民用闭路监视电视系统工程技术规范Technical code for civil closed circuit monitoring TV system engineering◎〖GB50199-94〗水利水电工程结构可靠度设计统一标准Unified standard for reliabili-ty design of hydraulic engi-neering structures◎〖GB50200-94〗有线电视系统工程技术规范Technical code for CATV system◎〖GB50201-94〗防洪标准Standard for flood control◎〖GBJ201-83〗土方与爆破工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of earthwork and blasting engineering◎〖GB50202-2019〗建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范Code for construction and acceptance quality of building foundation◎〖GB50203-2019〗砌体工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of masonry structure engineering◎〖GB50204-2019〗混凝土结构工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of concrete structure engineering◎〖GB50205-2019〗钢结构工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of steel structure en-gineering◎〖GB50206-2019〗木结构工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of timber structure engineering◎〖GB50207-2019〗屋面工程技术规范Technical code for roof engi-neering◎〖GB50208-2019〗地下防水工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of underground wa-ter proof engineering ◎〖GB50209-2019〗建筑地面工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and accep-tance of ground and floor engi-neering◎〖GB50210-2019〗建筑装修工程质量验收规范Code for construction quality acceptance of building decoration◎〖GBJ211-87〗工业炉砌筑工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and accep-tance of brick works for indus-trial furnaces◎〖GBJ50212-2019〗建筑防腐蚀工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and accep-tance of building corrosion pre-vention works ◎〖GBJ213-90〗矿山井巷工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and accep-tance of mining pit engineering◎〖GB50214-2019〗组合钢模板技术规范Technical code for assembly steel fomworks◎〖GB50215－94〗煤炭工业矿井设计规范Code for the colliery design of coal mining industry◎〖GB50216-94〗铁路工程结构可靠度设计统一标准Unified standard for reliability design of railway engineering structures◎〖GB50217-94〗电力工程电缆设计规范Code for design of cables of electric works◎〖GB50218-94〗工程岩体分级标准Standard for classification of en-gineering rock masses◎〖GB50219-95〗水喷雾灭火系统设计规范Code for design of water spray fire extinguishing systems◎〖GB50220-95〗城市道路交通规划设计规范Code for planning design of transport on urban road◎〖GB50222-95〗建筑内部装修设计防火规范Code for fire prevention de-sign of interior decoration of buildings◎〖GB50223-95〗建筑抗震设防分类标准Code for classification of seismic protection of buildings◎〖GB50224-95〗建筑防腐蚀工程质量检验评定标准Standard for quality inspec-tion and addessment of anti-corrosion engineering of buildings◎〖GB50225-95〗人民防空工程设计规范Code for design of civil air de-fence works◎〖GB50226-95〗铁路旅客车站建筑设计规范Code for desgn of railway passenger station buildings◎〖GB50227-95〗并联电容器装置设计规范Code for design of installation of shunt capacitors◎〖GB/T50228-96〗工程测量基本术语标准Standard for foundational ter-minology of engineering sur-vey◎〖GB50229-96〗火力发电厂与变电所设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of power plant and substation◎〖GB50231-98〗机械设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of mechanical equip-ment installation engineering◎〖GB50233-90〗110-500KV架空电力线路施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of 110-500kV over-head electrical power trans-mission line◎〖GB50235-97〗工业金属管道工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of industrial metallic pipeline engineering ◎〖GB50236-98〗现场设备、工业管道焊接工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of welding works of on-sie equipment and in-dustrial pipeline◎〖GB50242-2019〗建筑给水排水及采暖工程施工质量验收规范Code for acceptance of construction quality of water supply drainage and heating works◎〖GB50243-2019〗通风与空调工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of ventilation and air-conditioning works◎〖GB50251-2019〗输气管道工程设计规范Code for design of trans-mission pipeline engineering◎〖GB50252-94〗工业安装工程质量检测评定统一标准Unified standard for quality inspection and assessment of industrial erection engineering◎〖GB50253-2019〗输油管道工程设计规范Code for design of oil trans-mission pipeline engineering◎〖GB50254-96〗电气装置安装工程低压电器施工及验收规范Electric equipment installation engineering Code for con-struction and acceptance of low-voltage apparatus◎〖GB50255-96〗电气装置安装工程电力变流设备施工及验收规范Electric equipment installation engineering Code for con-struction and acceptance of power convertor equipment◎〖GB50256-96〗电气装置安装工程起重机电气装置施工及验收规范Electric equipment installation engineering Code for con-struction and acceptance of electric device of crane◎〖GB50257-96〗电气装置安装工程爆炸和火灾危险环境电气装置施工及验收规范Electric equipment installation engineering Code for construc-tion and acceptance of electric device within explosion and fire hazard atrmospheres◎〖GB50260-96〗电力设施抗震设计规范Code for design of seismic of electrical installations◎〖GB50261-96〗自动喷水灭火系统施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of automatic sprin-kler fire extinguishing sys-tems◎〖GB/T50262-97〗铁路工程基本术语标准Standard for fundamental tems of railway engineering◎〖GB50263-97〗气体灭火系统施工及验收规范Code for installation and ac-ceptance of gas fire extin-guishing systems◎〖GB50264-97〗工业设备及管道绝热工程设计规范Code for design of heat insula-tion engineering of industrial equipment and pipe lines ◎〖GB/T50265-97〗泵站设计规范Code for design of pumping stationsStandard for test methods of engineering rock masses◎〖GB50267-97〗核电厂抗震设计规范Code for seismic design of un-clear power plants◎〖GB50268-97〗给水排水管道工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of water supply and sewerage pipeline engineering◎〖GB/T50269-97〗地基动力持性测试规范Code for measurement method of dynamic properties of subsoil◎〖GB50270-2019〗连续输送设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of continuous con-veyer equipment installation engineering◎〖GB50271-2019〗金属切削机床安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac- ceptance of metal-cutting machine installation engineer-ing◎〖GB50272-2019〗锻压设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of forging-press equipment installationengi-neering◎〖GB50273-2019〗工业锅炉安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of industrial boiler installation engineering◎〖GB50274-2019〗制冷设备空气分离设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and acceptance of refrigeration and air separating equipment installation engineering◎〖GB50275-2019〗压缩机、风机、泵安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of compressor,fan and pump installationengi-neering◎〖GB50276-2019〗破碎粉磨设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and acceptance of crusher and mill equipment installation engineering◎〖GB50277-2019〗铸造设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of casting equipment installation engineering ◎〖GB50278-2019〗起重设备安装工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of crane installation engineeringStandard for fundamental terms of geotechnical engi-neering◎〖GB/T50280-2019〗城市规划基本术语标准Standard for basic terminolo-gy of urban planning◎〖GB50281-2019〗泡沫灭火系统施工及验收规范Code for construction and ac-ceptance of foam fire extin-guishing systems◎〖GB50282-98〗城市给水工程规划规范Code for planning of urban water supply engineering◎〖GB/T50283-2019〗公路工程结构可靠度设计统一标准Unified standard of reliability design of highway engineering structures◎〖GB50284-98〗飞机库设计防火规范Code for fire protection design of aircraft hangar◎〖GB50285-98〗调幅收音台和调频电视转播台与公路防护间距标准Standad for protection dis-tance from highway to AM,FM and TV rebroadcast sta-tions◎〖GB50286-98〗堤防工程设计规范Code for design of levee projects◎〖GB50287-2019〗水利水电工程地质勘察规范Code for geological investiga-tion of water resources and hydropower engineering ◎〖GB50288-2019〗灌溉与排水工程设计规范Code for design of irrigation and drainage◎〖GB50289-98〗城市工程管线综合规划规范Code for comprehensive plan-ning of urban engineering pipeline◎〖GB50290-98〗土工合成材料应用技术规范Technical code for application of geosynthetics◎〖GB/T50291-2019〗房地产估价规范Code for appraisal of real es-tate◎〖GB50292-2019〗民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准Standard for reliability evalu-ation of civil buildings◎〖GB50293-2019〗城市电力规划规范Code for planning of urban electric power◎〖GB/T50294-2019〗核电厂总平面及运输设计规范Code for design of general plan and transportation of nu-clear power plants◎〖GB50295-2019〗水泥工厂设计规范Code for design of cement plants◎〖GB50296-2019〗供水管井技术规范Technical standard for water supply well◎〖GB50297-2019〗电力工程基本术语标准Standard for basic terms of electric power engineering◎〖GB50298-2019〗风景名胜区规划规范Code for planning of scenic area◎〖GB50299-2019〗地下铁道工程施工及验收规范Code for construction and accep-tanoe of subway engineering◎〖GB50300-2019〗建筑安装工程质量检验评定统一标准Unified standard for quality inspection and assessment of building constructional erec-tion works◎〖GBJ301-88〗建筑工程质量检验评定标准Standard for quality inspec-tionand assessment of buiding construction◎〖GBJ302-88〗建筑采暖卫生与煤气工程质量检验评定标准Standard for qualityinspec-tion and assessment of build-ing heating,sanitary and gas engineering◎〖GB50303-2019〗建筑电气安装工程质量检验评定标准Standard for quality inspec-tion and assessment of erec-tion works for buildingelec-trical installations◎〖GB50307-2019〗地下铁道、轻轨交通岩土工程勘察规范Code for geotechnical engi-neering investigation of sub-way and light rail transit◎〖GB50308-2019〗地下铁道、轻轨交通工程测量规范Code for engineering survey-ing of subway anb light rail transit◎〖GB50309-92〗工业炉砌筑工程质量检验评定标准Standard for quality inspec-tion and assessment of brick works for industrial furnaces ◎〖GB50310-2019〗电梯安装工程质量检验评定标准Standard for quality inspection and assessment of erection works of elevators◎〖GB/T50311-2000〗建筑与建筑群综合布线系统工程设计规范Code for engineering design of generic cabling system for building and campus◎〖GB/T50312-2000〗建筑与建筑群综合布线系统工程验收规范Code for engineering accep-tance of generic cabling sys-tem for building and campus◎〖GB50313-2000〗消防通信指挥系统设计规范Code for design of fire com-munication and command sys-tem◎〖GB/T50314-2000〗智能建筑设计标准Standard for design of intelli-gent buildings◎〖GB/T50315-2000〗砌体工程检测技术标准Technical standard for site testing of masonry engineering◎〖GB50316-2000〗工业金属管道设计规范Code for design of industrial metallic pipeline engineering◎〖GB50317-2000〗猪屠宰与分割车间设计规范Code for design of workshop for pig slaughter and segmen-tation◎〖GB50318-2000〗城市排水工程规划规范Code for planning of urban sewerage engineering◎〖GB50319-2000〗建设工程监理规范Code for construction project management◎〖GB50320-2019〗粮食平房仓设计规范Code for design of grain storehouses◎〖GB50322-2019〗粮食钢板筒仓设计规范Code for design of steel silos◎〖GB/T50323-2019〗城市建设档案著录规范Code for urban construction archives description◎〖GB50324-2019 〗冻土工程地质勘察规范Code for engineering geological investigation of frozen ground◎〖GB50325-2019〗民用建筑工程室内环境污染控制规范Code for indoor environmental pollution control of civil building engineering◎〖GB/T50326-2019 〗建设工程项目管理规范The code of construction project management by enterprises of construction industry ◎〖GB50327-2019〗住宅装饰装修工程施工规范Code for construction of decoration of housings◎〖GB/T50328-2019〗建设工程文件归档整理规范Code for construction project document◎〖GB/T50329-2019〗木结构试验方法标准Standard for methods testing of timber structures◎〖GB50330-2019 〗建筑边坡工程技术规范。
建筑设计中英文对照
●房屋各部分 Parts of house屋面 roof屋脊 ridge坡屋顶 pitched roof单坡屋顶 pent roof, lean-to roof 人字屋顶 gable roof四坡顶 hipped roof屋面排水沟 valley卷材防水屋面 membrane roof找平层 screed-coat防水层 damp-proof course泛水 flashing屋顶层 garret阁楼 penthouse, loft, attic 天台 roof-deck晒台 drying stage组合烟囱 chimney stack屋檐 eave屋面排水 roofing drainage檐沟，明沟 gutter水落管 down-pipe, downspout雨棚 canopy, awning柱廊 colonnade走廊 corridor中庭 atrium山墙 gable女儿墙 parapet山花 pediment隅石砌 quoins阳台 balcony, veranda阳台栏杆 balustrade阳台栏杆柱 baluster, banister平台 terrace台阶 steps梯子 ladder梯级 step楼梯 staircase(＝step)楼梯踏步平板 tread楼梯踏步竖板 riser楼梯休息平台 landing直角转弯平台 quarter-space landing 梯宽 run of stair梯高 rise of stair楼梯扶手 rail, railing回转梯 corkscrew staircase，caracole 踏步突沿 nosing窗子 window百叶窗 blinds, louvers旋转窗 balance window平开窗，窗叶 casement窗扇 sash中旋窗 awning window上下推拉窗 double-hung window 屋顶通气窗 clerestory门窗亮子 transom窗框 window frame窗台 sill，cill采光顶 sunroof天窗 sunlight老虎窗 dormer-window通风窗 ventlight落地窗 French window墙壁 wall承重墙 bearing wall隔间 partition空心墙 cavity wall防火隔断(分区) compartmentation 剪力墙 shear panel墙裙 wainscot窗间墙 pier幕墙 curtain wall电梯 elevator, lift自动扶梯 escalator地板，楼面 floor夹层楼面 entresol，mezzanine 楼座 balcony楼板 slab天花板 ceiling壁炉 andiron，fireplace，grate 地下室 basement防火 fire-cut防火门 fire door耐热涂料 heat-resisting paints 绝热 heat insulation门槛 head-rail, sill柱子 column，post，pillar 柱头 column cap, head斜撑 knee brace悬索 catenary梁 beam基础梁 grade beam钢板梁 plate girder工字梁 I-beam过梁 lintel, lintol, head 椽子 purlin基础 foundation碎石垫层 hard core混凝土地基 concrete foundation 基座、柱础 pedestal独立基础 isolated footing放大基础 spreading footing条形基础 strip footing筏式基础 mat foundation浮筏基础 floating foundation 沉箱基础 caisson化粪池 cesspool, septic tank 伸缩缝 expansion joint冷桥 thermal bridge散水 wash, apron披水板 weathering-board桁架 truss组合桁架 composite truss框架 framework模板 formwork拱券 arch穹顶 dome平拱 flat arch筒拱 vault, vaulted roof半圆穹顶 concha瓦 shingle, tile砖 brick瓷砖 ceramic tile玻璃砖 glass blocks大理石 marble花岗岩 granite水磨石 terrazzo砌块 masonry混凝土 concrete预制混凝土 pre-ｃａｓｔ concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete钢筋 steel reinforcement水泥 cement抹灰，灰泥 plaster, stucco熟石灰 hydrate of lime, slaked-lime 砂浆 mortar抹灰层 floated coat饰面 finish木砖 grounds, timber brick 石膏 gypsum石膏板 plaster slab夹胶玻璃 plyglass胶合板 plywood, clip-board脚手架 scaffolding悬臂 cantilever叠涩，牛腿 corbel遮阳 sun shading●制图与构图用语草图 sketch, draft图纸 drawing施工图 working drawings工程 project方案 plan总图 grid总平面 site平面 floor立面 elevation正立面 facade剖面 section详图 detail门厅上部 upper foyer比例尺 scale=透视图，表现图 rendering透视 perspective轴测 isometric perspectiveAxonometric projection轴线 axis建筑面积 floor area, architecture area 相对标高 relative elevation/level层高，净空 headroom, headway室内 interior室外 exterior室内装修 interior decoration装饰 ornament广场 square, plaza, public square 流线 circulation解构 deconstruction空间 space, spatial比例 proportion统一 unity均衡 balance协调 harmony尺度 scale韵律 rhythm风格 style功能 function关系 relationship●房屋House高层建筑 high-rise building社区 housing complex家舍 house茅舍 cottage平房 one-story house，bungalow， plain-house二楼 two-story house公寓(建筑) apartment house公寓(房间) apartment(flat)(英)别墅 villa花园洋房 garden house寄宿舍 dormitory(美)供膳出租房间 board and lodging出租房间 room for rent(美)乡村旅舍 country inn供膳寄宿舍 boardinghouse大厦 mansions, edifice大楼 building预制装配式房屋 pre-fabricate house 小木屋 shack一个单元 one unit车库 garage报告厅 auditorium, lecture hall 多功能厅 multi-use hall阅览室 browsing room, reading room 茶室 refreshment room操作间 cab, utility room●居住Dwelling套房 suit主人套房 master suit门厅，前厅 lobby大厅 hall, main hall过厅 gallery起居间 living RM，family RM聚会厅 gathering RM，keeping RM休息厅 lounge, sitting RM客厅 parlor衣帽间 cloakroom更衣、衣橱间 walk-in-closet, W.I.C.厨房 kitchen餐厅 dinning room早餐厅 nook, breakfast room食品、餐具间 pantry, butlery浴室，洗手间 bathroom盥洗室 toilet room卫生间 water closet, W.C.前室，门厅 foyer寝室，卧房 bedroom主人房 master bedroom书斋，书房 study, library工作室，画室 studio私室，书斋 den化妆室 boudoir, dressing RM, powder RM 婴儿室 nursery客房 guestroom壁厨 closet, ambry洗衣间 laundry room地窖 cellar储藏室 storage健身房 exercise RM服务入口 service entry换鞋处 mud room游艺室 games room活动室 activities room音乐室 music alcove工人房 maid bedroom台球室 billiards room温室 greenhouse●家具Furniture方桌 square table圆桌 round table长方桌 rectangle table伸缩桌 extension table 小桌 side table凳子 stool有肘的椅子 armchair摇椅，安乐椅 rocking chair 藤椅 rattan chair塑料椅 plastic chair 帆布椅 deck chair折椅 folding chair 沙发 sofa长椅 couch桌子，餐桌 table玻璃桌子 glass table塑料桌子 acrylic table 木制饭桌 wooden-table。
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（注：多年前一朋友将此文件传给我，据说是有关部门用于国际招标文件的材料。
我未考证。
如果此文是出自未知名某位作者，请指正。
我将立刻删除或链接原始出处。
之所以放于此，是供需要者参考。
该英文比较地道。
）第一节总平面Chapter1: Site Planning一、在方案设计阶段，总平面专业设计文件应包括：I. During the conceptual design period, the overall design documents should include:1. 设计说明书；1. Design Description;2. 设计图纸。
2. Drawings.二、设计说明书II. Design Description应对总体方案构思意图作详尽的文字阐述，并应列出技术经济指标表（包括总用地面积；总建筑面积；建筑占地面积；各主要建筑物的名称、层数、高度；以及建筑容积；覆盖率；道路广场铺砌面积；绿化面积；绿化率；必要时及有条件情况下计算场地初平土方工程量等）。
Design description should include detailed explanation about the idea of the overall design as well as a list of technical-economic indices (such as site area, total floor area, built-up area, major buildings’ names, levels and height, plot ratio, coverage rate, paving area of roads and plazas, green area, afforestation rate, calculation of land leveling earthwork if necessary and applicable, etc).三、设计图纸III. Drawings.1. 用地范围的区域位置；1. Site Location;2. 用地红线范围（各角点测量座标值、场地现状标高、地形地貌及其它现状情况反映）；2. Site Scope Defined by Building Lines (coordinates of angle points, current site level, terrain and landform, etc);3. 用地与周围环境情况反映（如用地外围城市道路；市政工程管线设施；原有建筑物、构筑物；四邻拟建建筑及原有古树名木、历史文化遗址保护等）。
3. Context of the Site (such as exterior urban streets, municipal pipelines and facilities, existing buildings and structures, buildings to be constructed, old and valuable trees, and heritage sites, etc).4. 总平面布局，其功能分区、总体布置及空间组合的考虑；道路广场布置；场地主要出入口车流、人流的交通组织分析（并应说明按规定计算的停车泊位数和实际布置的停车泊位数量）；以及其它反映方案特性的有关分析；消防、人防、绿化等全面考虑。
4. General Layout Plan including functional sub-areas, general layout, combination of various spaces, analysis of vehicle and pedestrian movement through major entrances and exits (including required and actual parking space), other relevant analysis reflecting the proposal's uniqueness, considerations on fire-fighting, air defense and planting, etc.5．根据项目特点和招标人的要求提供的功能分析图、交通分析图、环境绿化景观分析图、日照分析图、内部流线分析图等5. (According to the development’s uniqueness and upon the bidder’s requirements) drawings of function analysis, traffic analysis, planting and landscape analysis, sunshine analysis, and interior drainage line analysis, etc.第二节建筑Chapter 2: Architectural Design一、在方案设计阶段，建筑专业设计文件应包括：I. During the conceptual design period, the architectural design documents should include:1. 设计说明书；1. Design Description;2. 设计图纸；2. Drawings.二、设计说明书II. Design Description1. 设计依据及设计要求：1. Basis and Requirements:1）计划任务书或上级主管部门下达的立项批文、项目可行性研究报告批文、合资协议书批文等；1) Project plan, or project approval document, feasibility report approval document and joint-investment agreement approval document issued by relevant authorities;2）红线图或土地使用批准文件；2) Map of building lines, or land use approval document;3）城市规划、人防等部门对建筑提供的设计要求；3) Requirements on building design by urban planning and air defense agencies, etc.4）建设单位签发的设计委托书及使用要求；4) Entrustment certificate of design and usage requirements given by the builder;5）可作为设计依据的其它有关文件。
5) Other relevant documents used as basis for design.2. 建筑设计的内容和范围：2. Content and Scope of Architectural Design:简述建筑地点及其周围环境、交通条件以及建筑用地的有关情况，如用地大小、形状及地形地貌，水文地质，供水、供电、供气，绿化，朝向等情况。
Brief introduction of the site’s location, context, traffic conditions and other relevant information such as site area size, shape, terrain, landform, hydrology, geology, water supply, power supply, gas supply, afforestation and orientation, etc.3. 方案设计所依据的技术准则，如建筑类别、防火等级、抗震烈度、人防等级的确定和建筑及装修标准等。
3. Technical standards used as basis for conceptual design, such as determination methods of building type, fire rating, anti-seismic property, air-defense level as well as architectural and decoration standards, etc.4. 设计构思和方案特点。
包括功能分区，交通组织，防火设计和安全疏散，自然环境条件和周围环境的利用，日照、自然通风、采光，建筑空间的处理，立面造型，结构选型和柱网选择等。
4. Design Idea and Development Features including functional sub-areas, traffic arrangement, fire-fighting design and safe evacuation, utilization of natural environment and context, sunshine, natural airing, daylight, arrangement of architectural spaces, facades, structure type and post network, etc.5. 垂直交通设施。
包括自动扶梯和电梯的选型、数量及功能划分。
5. Vertical Traffic Facilities: Including the types, numbers and functions of automatic escalators and lifts.6. 关于节能措施方面的必要说明，特殊情况下还要对音响、温、湿度等作专门说明。
6. Explanations on energy-saving measures. Special explanations on hi-fis, temperature and moisture may be necessary under certain circumstances.7. 有关技术经济指标及参数，如建筑总面积和各功能分区的面积，层高和建筑总高度。
其它如住宅中的户型、户室比、每户建筑面积和使用面积，旅馆建筑中不同标准的客房间数、床位数等。
7. Technical-economic indices and parameters, such as total floor area, area of functional sub-areas, floor height and total building height, etc. Other parameters include residential unit types, percentage of different unit types, floor area and usable area of each unit, as well as number of various guest rooms and beds for hotel buildings.主要技术经济指标Major Technical-economic Indices总用地面积M² Total Site Area M²总建筑面积M² Total Floor Area M²地上：On Ground:地下：Underground:建筑基底面积M² Base Area M²容积率% Plot Ratio % F A R建筑密度% Site coverage Intensity %绿地面积M² Planting Area M²绿地率% Green Ratio %汽车停车位个Parking Space for Vehicles地上：（辆）On Ground: (for how many vehicles)地下：（辆）Underground: (for how many vehicles)自行车位个Parking Space for Bicycles地下：（辆）Underground: (for how many Bicycles)地上：（辆）Underground: (for how many Bicycles)公共建筑可根据招标文件要求增加主要功能区分层面积表、旅馆建筑的客房构成、医院建筑的门诊人次及病床数、图书馆建筑的藏书、观演和体育建筑的座位数等。