(轴裂纹)全文翻译
超声波加工中英文对照外文翻译文献
超声波加工中英文对照外文翻译文献超声波加工中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)超声波加工综述摘要超声波加工适合切削不导电、脆性材料，例如工程陶瓷。
与其他非传统加工，如激光束、电火花加工等不同，超声波加工不会导致工件表面热损伤或显著的残余应力，这对脆性材料尤其重要。
超声波加工的基本原理，包括材料去除原理，各类操作参数对材料切除率、刀具磨损、工件精确度要求都有叙述，并着重表述了在加工工程陶瓷上的应用，制造复杂的三维立体陶瓷的问题也在叙述当中。
1 概述超声波加工及其应用超声波加工是一种非传统机械切削技术，通常与低材料去除率有关，它并不被加工材料的导电率和化学特性所限制，它用于加工金属和非金属材料，非常适合于脆性大，硬度高于40HRC[6–12]的材料，比如无机玻璃、硅片、镍、钛合金等等 [13–24]，有了它，76um 的小孔也能加工，但是被加工的孔深度与直径之比限制在 3 比 1 之内 [8, 12]。
超声波加工的历史可以追溯到 1927 年，R. W. Wood 和 A. L. Loomis 发表的论文，1945年。
有关于超声波的第一项专利给了 L. Balamuth，现在超声波加工已经分化很多领域，超声波钻削、超声波切削、超声波尺寸加工、超声波研磨技术和悬浮液钻孔法，然而，在 20世纪 50 年代初只普遍知道超声波冲磨或 USM[8,25, 28, 30, 31]。
在超声波加工中，高频率的电能通过换能器/增幅器被转变为机械振动，之后通过一个能量集中装置被传送出去, 例如变幅杆/刀具组件[1, 17, 18, 30, 32]。
这导致刀具沿着其纵向轴线以振幅 0-50μm 高频率振动（通常≥20KHz）[16, 33, 34]，典型额定功率范围从50～3000W[35]不等，在某些机器上可以达到 4kw。
一个受控静负载被施加于刀具和磨料悬浮液（由研磨材料的混合物组成、例如碳化硅，碳化硼等等，悬浮在水或油中）被泵传送到切削区域，刀具的振动导致磨料颗粒悬浮在刀具和工件表面间，通过微型片冲击工件表面从而去除材料[19]。
英语翻译
3.2.2.2Solidification cracking , which is observed frequently in castings and ingots, can also occur in fusion welding .Such cracking is intergranular-that is ,along the grain boundaries of the weld metal .It occurs during the terminal stages of solidification ,when the stresses developed across the adjacent grains exceed the strength of the almost completely solidified weld metal .Such stresses can be induced either by the tendency of the workpiece to contract during colling,by the tendency of the weld metal to contract during solidification,or both.The severity of such contraction stresses increases with both the degree of constraint and the thickness of the workpiece.结晶裂纹，经常在铸件或是铸锭中发生，在熔化焊中也时有发生。
这类裂纹是晶间裂纹，也就是说，它们沿着焊缝儿金属的晶粒边界。
它在结晶的后期，当临近晶粒间的应力超过即将完全凝固的焊缝儿的强度时出现。
这类应力可以通过冷却时工件的收缩，结晶时焊缝儿金属的收缩，以及两者共同作用产生。
机械工程学专业词汇英语翻译(F)1
机械工程学专业词汇英语翻译(F)1face ring flux 正面通量face ring leakage flux 正面漏泄通量factor 因子fading memory 衰退记忆fading period 衰落周期failing stress 破坏应力failure 破坏failure condition 断裂条件faired curve 光滑曲线fairing 吝体fairway 航道fall 落下fall velocity 沉降速度falling ball method 落球法falling ball test 落球试验falling drop method 落滴法falling speed 下降速度falling sphere method 落球法falling sphere test 落球试验falling sphere viscometer 落球粘度计false front 假锋面family of aerofoil sections 翼型族family of oscillation characteristics 振荡特性曲线族family of waves 波族fan 风扇fan blade 风扇叶片fan brake 叶片式空气制动器fast fourier transformation 快速傅里叶变换fatigue 疲劳fatigue bending machine 弯曲疲劳试验机fatigue bending test 弯曲疲劳试验fatigue breakdown 疲劳破坏fatigue corrosion 疲劳腐蚀fatigue crack 疲劳裂缝fatigue curve 疲劳曲线fatigue damage 疲劳损伤fatigue effect 疲劳效应fatigue experiment 疲劳试验fatigue failure 疲劳破坏fatigue fracture 疲劳断口fatigue impact test 疲劳冲辉验fatigue impact testing machine 疲劳冲辉验机fatigue life 疲劳寿命fatigue limit 疲劳极限fatigue load 疲劳载荷fatigue proof 耐疲劳的fatigue resistant 耐疲劳的fatigue strength 疲劳强度fatigue test 疲劳试验fatigue testing machine 疲劳试验机fatigue wear 疲劳磨损fault 断层fault diagnosis 故障诊断fault plane 断层面faye effect 费耶效应feed 进给feed motion 进给运动feedback 反馈feedback control 反馈控制feeding power 馈给功率feeding speed 进给速度fence 挡板ferro magnetofluid dynamics 铁磁铃力学fiber composite material 纤维复合材料fibrillar structure 纤维结构fibroelastic 纤维弹性的fibrous fracture 纤维裂面fibrous structure 纤维结构fick's law of diffusion 斐克扩散定律fictitious boundary 假想边界fictitious force 表观力fictitious load 假负载fictitious pendulum 虚摆fiducial value 比较值field 场field balancing 现场平衡field decay 场衰变field density 场密度field displacement 场位移field distribution 场的分布field flutter 场的颤动field intensity 场强度field of forces 力场field of gravity 重力场field of pressure grade 压强梯度场field strength 场强度field structure 场的结构field test 现场试验field theory 场沦film boiling 膜状沸腾film effect 薄膜效应film heat transfer coefficient 膜传热系数film thickness 薄膜厚度film viscosity 薄膜粘滞性filter 过滤器filtering 过滤filtration 过滤fin 垂直稳定面final compression pressure 压缩终压力final mass 末级质量final pressure 最终压力final state 末态final strength 强度极限fine adjustment 精细蝶fine grained fracture 细晶断口fine slip 微滑移fine structure 精细结构finishing temperature 最终温度finite amplitude wave 有限振幅波finite deformation 有限形变finite difference method 有限差分法finite difference scheme 有限差分格式finite dimensional 有限维的finite dimensional space 有限维空间finite displacement 有限位移finite elasticity theory 有限弹性理论finite element 有限元finite element discretization 有限元离散化finite element method 有限元法finite element modelling 有限元模拟finite movement 有限运动finite part 有限部分finite quantity 有限量finite rotation 有限旋转finite strain 有限应变finite strip method 有限条分法firing 点火firing angle 点火角firing delay 点火延迟firing duration 燃烧持续时间firing pressure 燃烧压力firing time 点火时间first approximation 一级近似first class constraint 第一类约束first collision correction 第一次碰撞改正first cosmic velocity 第一宇宙速度first integral 初积分first law of dynamics 动力学第一定律first law of kepler 开普勒第一定律first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first moment 静力矩first moment of the surface 静力表面矩first order temperature coefficient 一级温度系数first problem of dynamics 动力学第一问题first wave 一级浪fissure 裂痕fixation 固定fixed arch 固定拱fixed axoid 固定锥面fixed beam 固定梁fixed bearing 固定支承fixed bed 固定床fixed blade 固定叶片fixed center 死顶尖fixed centrode 定瞬心迹fixed coordinate system 固定坐标系fixed end 固定端fixed end arch 固定端拱fixed ended beam 固端梁fixed error 系统误差fixed frame 固定参考系fixed frequency oscillator 定频振荡器fixed in space 固定于空间的fixed in the earth coordinate system 固定于地球的坐标系fixed joint 固定连接fixed load 固定负载fixed nozzle 固定喷嘴fixed point method 不动点法fixed reference system 固定参考系fixed support 固定支点fixed vane 固定叶片fixed vector 固定矢量fixed weir 固定坝flame front 火焰头flame propagation 火焰传播flame temperature 火焰温度flange 法兰flap 襟翼flap nozzle 活动喷嘴flat jet 扁平射流flat plate 平板flat plate flow 平板绕流flat profile 平板翼型flat slab 平板flat surface 平面flattening 压扁flaw 裂纹flaw detection 探伤检验flaw detector 探伤仪flex point 拐点flexibility 挠性flexibility method 柔度法flexibility of column 柱的柔度flexibility of spring 弹簧挠性flexible 可挠的flexible coupling 挠性联轴节flexible gyroscope 挠性陀螺仪flexible plate 挠性板flexible rotor 挠性转子flexible shaft 挠性轴flexible support 挠性支承flexural buckling 屈曲flexural center 弯曲中心flexural critical speed 临界挠曲速度flexural load 弯曲载荷flexural member 受弯构件flexural modulus 弯曲模量flexural moment 弯矩flexural plane 挠曲线平面flexural rigidity 弯曲刚性flexural rigidity of the plate 板的抗弯刚度flexural strain 弯曲应变flexural strength 抗弯强度flexural stress 弯曲应力flexural vibration 弯曲振动flexural wave 弯曲波flexure 挠曲flexure of sheet 薄板挠曲flexure vibration 弯曲振动flight 飞行flight dynamics 飞行动力学flight mechanics 飞行力学flight path 飞行路径flight speed 飞行速率flight time 飞行时间flip flop oscillator 触发振荡器float 浮子float type pressure gage 浮式压力计floatability 漂浮性floatation 漂浮floatation plane 浮面floated gyroscope 液浮陀螺仪floating body 浮体floating point 浮点floating potential 浮动电位floating speed 浮动速率flocculation 凝聚flood tide 涨潮flood wave 洪水波flooding 液泛floor of ocean 海底flop in method 增加法flop out method 缩减法flow 怜flow along a slab 沿平板怜flow around 环流绕流flow around a parabola 抛物线体绕流flow around an edge 棱缘绕流flow around joukowski wing 儒科夫斯基翼绕流flow around the corner 拐角怜flow at subsonic velocity 亚声速流flow at the lifting surface 升力面上的怜flow characteristic 怜特性flow chart 撂图flow cleavage 咙理flow coefficient 量系数flow condition of hencky 亨基怜状态flow condition of mises 米泽斯屈服条件flow cone 怜锥flow curve 怜曲线flow diagram 撂图flow direction meter 怜方向仪flow ellipse 怜椭圆flow energy 怜能量flow field 痢flow field electrical analogy 痢电比拟flow function 量函数flow gage 量计flow height 怜指数flow in three dimensions 三维怜flow index 怜指数flow integral 怜积分flow line 吝flow machine 铃动力机flow measurement 量测定flow meter 量计flow model 怜模型flow near the wall 近壁怜flow net 柳flow nozzle 量喷嘴flow of bubble 气泡怜flow of gas 气流flow of material 物质流flow pattern 镣flow phenomenon 怜现象flow point 零flow potential 怜势flow pressure 怜压力flow profile 怜剖面图flow rate 量flow reattachment 气临附flow regime 怜状态flow regulator 量第器flow stress 怜应力flow structure 疗结构flow tube 淋flow vector 粮量flow velocity 临flow visualization 怜显示flow with heat convection 热对怜flow without separation 无分离怜flowability of solids 固体怜性。
机电一体化中英文互译
机械专业中英文对照英语词汇陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel后角clearance angle龙门刨削planing主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith锻forge压模stamping焊weld拉床broaching machine拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluid dynamics流体力学fluid mechanics加工machining液压hydraulic pressure切线tangent机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 气压air pressure pneumatic pressure稳定性stability介质medium液压驱动泵fluid clutch液压泵hydraulic pump阀门valve失效invalidation强度intensity载荷load应力stress安全系数safty factor可靠性reliability螺纹thread螺旋helix键spline销pin 滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧spring制动器arrester brake十字结联轴节crosshead联轴器coupling链chain皮带strap精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀rust氧化oxidation磨损wear耐用度durability随机信号random signal离散信号discrete signal超声传感器ultrasonic sensor集成电路integrate circuit挡板orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒sleeve扭力torsion冷加工cold machining电动机electromotor汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit热加工hotwork摄像头CCD camera倒角rounding chamfer优化设计optimal design工业造型设计industrial moulding design有限元finite element滚齿hobbing插齿gear shaping伺服电机actuating motor铣床milling machine钻床drill machine镗床boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠screw rod导轨lead rail组件subassembly可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting 相图phase diagram热处理heat treatment固态相变solid state phase changes有色金属nonferrous metal陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy 动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheelAssembly line 组装线Layout 布置图Conveyer 流水线物料板Rivet table 拉钉机Rivet gun 拉钉枪Screw driver 起子Pneumatic screw driver 气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA 开箱检查fit together 组装在一起fasten 锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet 栈板barcode 条码barcode scanner 条码扫描器fuse together 熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME 制造工程师MT 制造生技cosmetic inspect 外观检查inner parts inspect 内部检查thumb screw 大头螺丝lbs. inch 镑、英寸EMI gasket 导电条front plate 前板rear plate 后板chassis 基座bezel panel 面板power button 电源按键reset button 重置键Hi-pot test of SPS 高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts 塑胶件SOP 制造作业程序material check list 物料检查表work cell 工作间trolley 台车carton 纸箱sub-line 支线left fork 叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |plein|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |\\'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |\\' ksi\\'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单location地点present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表model机锺work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕??shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机阿基米德蜗杆Archimedes worm安全系数safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷safe load凹面、凹度concavity扳手wrench板簧flat leaf spring半圆键woodruff key变形deformation摆杆oscillating bar摆动从动件oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮cycloidal gear摆线齿形cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律cycloidal motion摆线针轮cycloidal-pin wheel包角angle of contact保持架cage背对背安装back-to-back arrangement背锥back cone ；normal cone背锥角back angle背锥距back cone distance比例尺scale比热容specific heat capacity闭式链closed kinematic chain闭链机构closed chain mechanism臂部arm变频器frequency converters变频调速frequency control of motor speed变速speed change变速齿轮change gear change wheel变位齿轮modified gear变位系数modification coefficient标准齿轮standard gear标准直齿轮standard spur gear表面质量系数superficial mass factor表面传热系数surface coefficient of heat transfer表面粗糙度surface roughness并联式组合combination in parallel并联机构parallel mechanism并联组合机构parallel combined mechanism并行工程concurrent engineering并行设计concurred design, CD不平衡相位phase angle of unbalance不平衡imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构intermittent gearing波发生器wave generator波数number of waves补偿compensation参数化设计parameterization design, PD残余应力residual stress操纵及控制装置operation control device槽轮Geneva wheel槽轮机构Geneva mechanism ；Maltese cross槽数Geneva numerate槽凸轮groove cam侧隙backlash差动轮系differential gear train差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism差速器differential常用机构conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use 车床lathe承载量系数bearing capacity factor承载能力bearing capacity成对安装paired mounting尺寸系列dimension series齿槽tooth space齿槽宽spacewidth齿侧间隙backlash齿顶高addendum齿顶圆addendum circle齿根高dedendum齿根圆dedendum circle齿厚tooth thickness齿距circular pitch齿宽face width齿廓tooth profile齿廓曲线tooth curve齿轮gear齿轮变速箱speed-changing gear boxes 齿轮齿条机构pinion and rack齿轮插刀pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter 齿轮滚刀hob ,hobbing cutter齿轮机构gear齿轮轮坯blank齿轮传动系pinion unit齿轮联轴器gear coupling齿条传动rack gear齿数tooth number齿数比gear ratio齿条rack齿条插刀rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齿形链、无声链silent chain齿形系数form factor齿式棘轮机构tooth ratchet mechanism插齿机gear shaper重合点coincident points重合度contact ratio冲床punch传动比transmission ratio, speed ratio传动装置gearing; transmission gear传动系统driven system传动角transmission angle传动轴transmission shaft串联式组合combination in series串联式组合机构series combined mechanism串级调速cascade speed control创新innovation creation创新设计creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷normal load唇形橡胶密封lip rubber seal磁流体轴承magnetic fluid bearing从动带轮driven pulley从动件driven link, follower从动件平底宽度width of flat-face从动件停歇follower dwell从动件运动规律follower motion从动轮driven gear粗线bold line粗牙螺纹coarse thread大齿轮gear wheel打包机packer打滑slipping带传动belt driving带轮belt pulley带式制动器band brake单列轴承single row bearing单向推力轴承single-direction thrust bearing单万向联轴节single universal joint单位矢量unit vector当量齿轮equivalent spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth当量摩擦系数equivalent coefficient of friction当量载荷equivalent load刀具cutter导数derivative倒角chamfer导热性conduction of heat导程lead导程角lead angle等加等减速运动规律parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion等速运动规律uniform motion; constant velocity motion等径凸轮conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮constant-breadth cam等效构件equivalent link等效力equivalent force等效力矩equivalent moment of force等效量equivalent等效质量equivalent mass等效转动惯量equivalent moment of inertia等效动力学模型dynamically equivalent model底座chassis低副lower pair点划线chain dotted line（疲劳）点蚀pitting垫圈gasket垫片密封gasket seal碟形弹簧belleville spring顶隙bottom clearance定轴轮系ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes动力学dynamics动密封kinematical seal动能dynamic energy动力粘度dynamic viscosity动力润滑dynamic lubrication动平衡dynamic balance动平衡机dynamic balancing machine 动态特性dynamic characteristics动态分析设计dynamic analysis design动压力dynamic reaction动载荷dynamic load端面transverse plane端面参数transverse parameters端面齿距transverse circular pitch端面齿廓transverse tooth profile端面重合度transverse contact ratio端面模数transverse module端面压力角transverse pressure angle锻造forge对称循环应力symmetry circulating stress对心滚子从动件radial (or in-line ) roller follower对心直动从动件radial (or in-line ) translating follower对心移动从动件radial reciprocating follower对心曲柄滑块机构in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 多列轴承multi-row bearing多楔带poly V-belt多项式运动规律polynomial motion多质量转子rotor with several masses惰轮idle gear额定寿命rating life额定载荷load ratingII 级杆组dyad发生线generating line发生面generating plane法面normal plane法面参数normal parameters法面齿距normal circular pitch法面模数normal module法面压力角normal pressure angle法向齿距normal pitch法向齿廓normal tooth profile法向直廓蜗杆straight sided normal worm法向力normal force反馈式组合feedback combining反向运动学inverse ( or backward) kinematics反转法kinematic inversion反正切Arctan范成法generating cutting仿形法form cutting方案设计、概念设计concept design, CD防振装置shockproof device飞轮flywheel飞轮矩moment of flywheel非标准齿轮nonstandard gear非接触式密封non-contact seal非周期性速度波动aperiodic speed fluctuation非圆齿轮non-circular gear粉末合金powder metallurgy分度线reference line; standard pitch line分度圆reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle 分度圆柱导程角lead angle at reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋角helix angle at reference cylinder分母denominator分子numerator分度圆锥reference cone; standard pitch cone分析法analytical method封闭差动轮系planetary differential复合铰链compound hinge复合式组合compound combining复合轮系compound (or combined) gear train复合平带compound flat belt复合应力combined stress复式螺旋机构Compound screw mechanism复杂机构complex mechanism杆组Assur group干涉interference刚度系数stiffness coefficient刚轮rigid circular spline钢丝软轴wire soft shaft刚体导引机构body guidance mechanism刚性冲击rigid impulse (shock)刚性转子rigid rotor刚性轴承rigid bearing刚性联轴器rigid coupling高度系列height series高速带high speed belt高副higher pair格拉晓夫定理Grashoff`s law根切undercutting公称直径nominal diameter高度系列height series功work工况系数application factor工艺设计technological design工作循环图working cycle diagram 工作机构operation mechanism工作载荷external loads工作空间working space工作应力working stress工作阻力effective resistance工作阻力矩effective resistance moment公法线common normal line公共约束general constraint公制齿轮metric gears功率power功能分析设计function analyses design共轭齿廓conjugate profiles共轭凸轮conjugate cam构件link鼓风机blower固定构件fixed link; frame固体润滑剂solid lubricant关节型操作器jointed manipulator惯性力inertia force惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shaking moment 惯性力平衡balance of shaking force惯性力完全平衡full balance of shaking force惯性力部分平衡partial balance of shaking force 惯性主矩resultant moment of inertia惯性主失resultant vector of inertia冠轮crown gear广义机构generation mechanism广义坐标generalized coordinate轨迹生成path generation轨迹发生器path generator滚刀hob滚道raceway滚动体rolling element滚动轴承rolling bearing滚动轴承代号rolling bearing identification code 滚针needle roller滚针轴承needle roller bearing滚子roller滚子轴承roller bearing滚子半径radius of roller滚子从动件roller follower滚子链roller chain滚子链联轴器double roller chain coupling滚珠丝杆ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器roller clutch过度切割undercutting函数发生器function generator函数生成function generation含油轴承oil bearing耗油量oil consumption耗油量系数oil consumption factor赫兹公式H. Hertz equation合成弯矩resultant bending moment合力resultant force合力矩resultant moment of force黑箱black box横坐标abscissa互换性齿轮interchangeable gears花键spline滑键、导键feather key滑动轴承sliding bearing滑动率sliding ratio滑块slider环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm环形弹簧annular spring缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber灰铸铁grey cast iron回程return回转体平衡balance of rotors混合轮系compound gear train积分integrate机电一体化系统设计mechanical-electrical integration system design 机构mechanism机构分析analysis of mechanism机构平衡balance of mechanism机构学mechanism机构运动设计kinematic design of mechanism机构运动简图kinematic sketch of mechanism机构综合synthesis of mechanism机构组成constitution of mechanism机架frame, fixed link机架变换kinematic inversion机器machine机器人robot机器人操作器manipulator机器人学robotics技术过程technique process技术经济评价technical and economic evaluation 技术系统technique system机械machinery机械创新设计mechanical creation design, MCD机械系统设计mechanical system design, MSD机械动力分析dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力设计dynamic design of machinery机械动力学dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计modern machine design机械系统mechanical system机械利益mechanical advantage机械平衡balance of machinery机械手manipulator机械设计machine design; mechanical design机械特性mechanical behavior机械调速mechanical speed governors机械效率mechanical efficiency机械原理theory of machines and mechanisms机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of speed fluctuation机械无级变速mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命basic rating life基于实例设计case-based design,CBD基圆base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距base pitch基圆压力角pressure angle of base circle基圆柱base cylinder基圆锥base cone急回机构quick-return mechanism急回特性quick-return characteristics急回系数advance-to return-time ratio急回运动quick-return motion棘轮ratchet棘轮机构ratchet mechanism棘爪pawl极限位置extreme (or limiting) position极位夹角crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing, CAM计算机集成制造系统computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS 计算力矩factored moment; calculation moment计算弯矩calculated bending moment加权系数weighting efficient加速度acceleration加速度分析acceleration analysis加速度曲线acceleration diagram尖点pointing; cusp尖底从动件knife-edge follower间隙backlash间歇运动机构intermittent motion mechanism 减速比reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置reduction gear减速器speed reducer减摩性anti-friction quality渐开螺旋面involute helicoid渐开线involute渐开线齿廓involute profile渐开线齿轮involute gear渐开线发生线generating line of involute渐开线方程involute equation渐开线函数involute function渐开线蜗杆involute worm渐开线压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线花键involute spline简谐运动simple harmonic motion键key键槽keyway交变应力repeated stress交变载荷repeated fluctuating load交叉带传动cross-belt drive交错轴斜齿轮crossed helical gears胶合scoring角加速度angular acceleration角速度angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio角接触球轴承angular contact ball bearing角接触推力轴承angular contact thrust bearing 角接触向心轴承angular contact radial bearing 角接触轴承angular contact bearing铰链、枢纽hinge校正平面correcting plane接触应力contact stress接触式密封contact seal阶梯轴multi-diameter shaft结构structure结构设计structural design截面section节点pitch point 节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线pitch line节圆pitch circle节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle节圆直径pitch diameter节圆锥pitch cone节圆锥角pitch cone angle解析设计analytical design紧边tight-side紧固件fastener径节diametral pitch径向radial direction径向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent radial load径向当量静载荷static equivalent radial load径向基本额定动载荷basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷basic static radial load tating径向接触轴承radial contact bearing径向平面radial plane径向游隙radial internal clearance径向载荷radial load径向载荷系数radial load factor径向间隙clearance静力static force静平衡static balance静载荷static load静密封static seal局部自由度passive degree of freedom矩阵matrix矩形螺纹square threaded form锯齿形螺纹buttress thread form矩形牙嵌式离合器square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺寸系数absolute dimensional factor绝对运动absolute motion绝对速度absolute velocity均衡装置load balancing mechanism抗压强度compression strength开口传动open-belt drive开式链open kinematic chain开链机构open chain mechanism可靠度degree of reliability可靠性reliability可靠性设计reliability design, RD空气弹簧air spring空间机构spatial mechanism空间连杆机构spatial linkage空间凸轮机构spatial cam空间运动副spatial kinematic pair空间运动链spatial kinematic chain空转idle宽度系列width series框图block diagram雷诺方程Reynolds‘s equation离心力centrifugal force离心应力centrifugal stress离合器clutch离心密封centrifugal seal理论廓线pitch curve理论啮合线theoretical line of action隶属度membership力force力多边形force polygon力封闭型凸轮机构force-drive (or force-closed) cam mechanism 力矩moment力平衡equilibrium力偶couple力偶矩moment of couple连杆connecting rod, coupler连杆机构linkage连杆曲线coupler-curve连心线line of centers链chain链传动装置chain gearing链轮sprocket sprocket-wheel sprocket gear chain wheel联组V 带tight-up V belt联轴器coupling shaft coupling两维凸轮two-dimensional cam临界转速critical speed六杆机构six-bar linkage龙门刨床double Haas planer轮坯blank轮系gear train螺杆screw螺距thread pitch螺母screw nut螺旋锥齿轮helical bevel gear螺钉screws螺栓bolts螺纹导程lead 螺纹效率screw efficiency螺旋传动power screw螺旋密封spiral seal螺纹thread (of a screw)螺旋副helical pair螺旋机构screw mechanism螺旋角helix angle螺旋线helix ,helical line绿色设计green design design for environment马耳他机构Geneva wheel Geneva gear马耳他十字Maltese cross脉动无级变速pulsating stepless speed changes脉动循环应力fluctuating circulating stress脉动载荷fluctuating load铆钉rivet迷宫密封labyrinth seal密封seal密封带seal belt密封胶seal gum密封元件potted component密封装置sealing arrangement面对面安装face-to-face arrangement面向产品生命周期设计design for product`s life cycle, DPLC 名义应力、公称应力nominal stress模块化设计modular design, MD模块式传动系统modular system模幅箱morphology box模糊集fuzzy set模糊评价fuzzy evaluation模数module摩擦friction摩擦角friction angle摩擦力friction force摩擦学设计tribology design, TD摩擦阻力frictional resistance摩擦力矩friction moment摩擦系数coefficient of friction摩擦圆friction circle磨损abrasion wear; scratching末端执行器end-effector目标函数objective function耐腐蚀性corrosion resistance耐磨性wear resistance挠性机构mechanism with flexible elements挠性转子flexible rotor内齿轮internal gear内齿圈ring gear内力internal force内圈inner ring能量energy能量指示图viscosity逆时针counterclockwise (or anticlockwise)啮出engaging-out啮合engagement, mesh, gearing啮合点contact points啮合角working pressure angle啮合线line of action啮合线长度length of line of action啮入engaging-in牛头刨床shaper凝固点freezing point; solidifying point扭转应力torsion stress扭矩moment of torque扭簧helical torsion spring诺模图NomogramO 形密封圈密封O ring seal盘形凸轮disk cam盘形转子disk-like rotor抛物线运动parabolic motion疲劳极限fatigue limit疲劳强度fatigue strength偏置式offset偏( 心) 距offset distance偏心率eccentricity ratio偏心质量eccentric mass偏距圆offset circle偏心盘eccentric偏置滚子从动件offset roller follower偏置尖底从动件offset knife-edge follower偏置曲柄滑块机构offset slider-crank mechanism 拼接matching评价与决策evaluation and decision频率frequency平带flat belt平带传动flat belt driving平底从动件flat-face follower平底宽度face width平分线bisector 平均应力average stress平均中径mean screw diameter平均速度average velocity平衡balance平衡机balancing machine平衡品质balancing quality平衡平面correcting plane平衡质量balancing mass平衡重counterweight平衡转速balancing speed平面副planar pair, flat pair平面机构planar mechanism平面运动副planar kinematic pair平面连杆机构planar linkage平面凸轮planar cam平面凸轮机构planar cam mechanism平面轴斜齿轮parallel helical gears普通平键parallel key其他常用机构other mechanism in common use起动阶段starting period启动力矩starting torque气动机构pneumatic mechanism奇异位置singular position起始啮合点initial contact , beginning of contact气体轴承gas bearing千斤顶jack嵌入键sunk key强迫振动forced vibration切齿深度depth of cut曲柄crank曲柄存在条件Grashoff`s law曲柄导杆机构crank shaper (guide-bar) mechanism曲柄滑块机构slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 曲柄摇杆机构crank-rocker mechanism曲齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gear曲率curvature曲率半径radius of curvature曲面从动件curved-shoe follower曲线拼接curve matching曲线运动curvilinear motion曲轴crank shaft驱动力driving force驱动力矩driving moment (torque)全齿高whole depth。
模具成形不良用语英汉对照
aberration ⾊差 atomization 雾化bite 咬⼊blacking hole 涂料孔(铸疵) blacking scab 涂料疤blister 起泡 blooming 起霜blow hole 破孔 blushing 泛⽩body wrinkle 侧壁皱纹 breaking-in 冒⼝带⾁bubble 膜泡 burn mark 糊斑burr ⽑边 camber 翘曲cell ⽓泡 center buckle 表⾯中部波皱check 细裂痕 checking 龟裂chipping 修整表⾯缺陷 clamp-off 铸件凹痕collapse 塌陷 color mottle ⾊斑corrosion 腐蚀 crack 裂痕crazing 碎裂 crazing 龟裂deformation 变形 edge 切边碎⽚edge crack 裂边 fading 退⾊filler speak 填充料斑 fissure 裂纹flange wrinkle 凸缘起皱 flaw 刮伤flow mark 流痕 galling ⽑边glazing 光滑 gloss 光泽grease pits 污斑 grinding defect 磨痕haircrack 发裂 haze 雾度incrustation ⽔锈 indentation 压痕internal porosity 内部⽓孔 mismatch 偏模mottle 斑点 necking 缩颈nick 割痕 orange peel 橘⽪状表⾯缺陷overflow 溢流 peeling 剥离pit 坑 pitting corrosion 点状腐蚀plate mark 模板印痕 pock ⿇点pock mark 痘斑 resin streak 树脂流纹resin wear 树脂脱落 riding 凹陷sagging 松垂 saponification 皂化scar 疤痕 scrap 废料scrap jam 废料阻塞 scratch 刮伤/划痕scuffing 深冲表⾯划伤 seam 裂痕shock line 模⼝挤痕 short shot 充填不⾜shrinkage pool 凹孔 sink mark 凹痕skin inclusion 表⽪折叠 straightening 矫直streak 条状痕 surface check 表⾯裂痕surface roughening 橘⽪状表⽪皱折 surging 波动sweat out 冒汗 torsion 扭曲warpage 翘曲 waviness 波痕webbing 熔塌 weld mark 焊痕whitening ⽩化 wrinkle 皱纹。
模具词汇英语翻译汇总特全
模具词汇英语翻译汇总特全burnishingdie挤光模landedpositivemold有肩全压式模具buttondie镶入式圆形凹模loadingshoemold料套式模具center-gatedmold中心浇口式模具loosedetailmold活零件模具chillmold冷硬用铸模loosemold活动式模具clodhobbing冷挤压制模louveringdie百叶窗冲切模compositedies复合模具manifolddie分歧管模具counterpunch反凸模modularmold组合式模具doublestackmold双层模具multi-cavitymold多模穴模具electroformedmold电铸成形模multi-gatemold复式浇口模具expanderdie扩径模offswtbendingdie双折冷弯模具extrusiondie挤出模palletizingdie叠层模familymold反套制品模具plastermold石膏模blankthroughdies漏件式落料模porousmold通气性模具duplicatedcavityplate复板模positivemold全压式模具fantaildie扇尾形模具pressuredie压紧模fishtaildie鱼尾形模具profiledie轮廓模flashmold溢料式模具progressivedie顺序模gypsummold石膏铸模protablemold手提式模具hot-runnermold热流道模具prototypemold雏形试验模具ingotmold钢锭模punchingdie落料模lancingdie切口模raising(embossing)压花起伏成形re-entrantmold倒角式模具sectionaldie拼合模runlessinjectionmold无流道冷料模具sectionaldie对合模具segmentmold组合模semi-positivemold半全压式模具shaper定型模套singlecavitymold单腔模具solidforgingdie整体锻模splitforgingdie拼合锻模splitmold双并式模具spruelessmold无注道残料模具squeezingdie挤压模stretchformdie拉伸成形模sweepingmold平刮铸模swingdie振动模具threeplatesmold三片式模具trimmingdie切边模unitmold单元式模具universalmold通用模具unscrewingmold退扣式模具yoketypedie轭型模模具词汇英语翻译(模具常用成形方式) accuratediecasting精密压铸powderforming粉末成形calendaringmolding压延成形powdermetalforging粉末锻造coldchamberdiecasting冷式压铸precisionforging精密锻造coldforging冷锻pressforging冲锻compactingmolding粉末压出成形rockingdieforging摇动锻造compoundmolding复合成形rotaryforging回转锻造compressionmolding压缩成形rotationalmolding离心成形dipmold浸渍成形rubbermolding橡胶成形encapsulationmolding注入成形sandmoldcasting砂模铸造extrusionmolding挤出成形shellcasting壳模铸造foamforming泡沫成形sinterforging烧结锻造forgingroll轧锻sixsidesforging六面锻造gravitycasting重力铸造slushmolding凝塑成形hollow(blow)molding中空(吹出)成形squeezecasting高压铸造hotchamberdiecasting热室压铸swaging挤锻hotforging热锻transfermolding转送成形injectionmolding射出成形warmforging温锻investmentcasting精密铸造matcheddiemethod对模成形法laminatingmethod被覆淋膜成形lowpressurecasting低压铸造lostwaxcasting脱蜡铸造matchedmouldthermalforming对模热成形模模具词汇英语翻译(成形不良用语) aberration色差bite咬入blackinghole涂料孔(铸疵)blackingscab涂料疤blister起泡blooming起霜blowhole破孔blushing泛白bodywrinkle侧壁皱纹breaking-in冒口带肉bubble膜泡burnmark糊斑burr毛边camber翘曲cell气泡centerbuckle表面中部波皱check细裂痕checking龟裂chipping修整表面缺陷clamp-off铸件凹痕collapse塌陷colormottle色斑corrosion腐蚀crack裂痕crazing碎裂crazing龟裂deformation变形edge切边碎片edgecrack裂边fading退色fillerspeak填充料斑fissure裂纹flangewrinkle凸缘起皱flaw刮伤flowmark流痕galling毛边glazing光滑gloss光泽greasepits污斑grindingdefect磨痕haircrack发裂haze雾度incrustation水锈indentation压痕internalporosity内部气孔mismatch偏模mottle斑点necking缩颈nick割痕rangepeel橘皮状表面缺陷overflow溢流peeling剥离pit坑pittingcorrosion点状腐蚀platemark模板印痕pock麻点pockmark痘斑resinstreak树脂流纹resinwear树脂脱落riding凹陷sagging松垂saponification皂化scar疤痕scrap废料scrapjam废料阻塞scratch刮伤/划痕scuffing深冲表面划伤seam裂痕shockline模口挤痕shortshot充填不足shrinkagepool凹孔sinkmark凹痕skininclusion表皮摺叠straightening矫直streak条状痕surfacecheck表面裂痕surfaceroughening橘皮状表皮皱摺surging波动torsion扭曲warpage翘曲waviness波痕webbing熔塌weldmark焊痕whitening白化wrinkle皱纹模具词汇英语翻译(塑胶原料)acrylic压克力casein酪素celluloseacetate醋酸纤维素CAcelluloseacetatebutyrate醋酸丁酸纤维素CABcompositematerial复合材料cresolresin甲酚树脂CFdiallyphthalate苯二甲酸二烯丙酯dispersereinforcement分散性强化复合材料engineeringplastics工程塑胶epoxyresin环氧树脂EPethylcellulose乙基纤维素ethylenevinylacetatecopolymer乙烯-醋酸乙烯EVAethylene-vinlacetatecopolyme醋酸乙烯共聚物EVAfiberreinforcement纤维强化热固性/纤维强化复合材料highdensitypolyethylene高密度聚乙烯HDPEhighimpactpolystyrene高冲击聚苯乙烯HIPShighimpactpolystyrenerigidity高冲击性聚苯乙烯lowdensitypolyethylene低密度聚乙烯LDPEmelamineresin三聚氰胺酚醛树脂MFnitrocellulose硝酸纤维素phenolicresin酚醛树脂plastic塑胶polyacrylicacid聚丙烯酸PAPpolyamide耐龙PApolybutyleneterephthalate聚对苯二甲酸丁酯PBTpolycarbonate聚碳酸酯PCpolyethyleneglycol聚乙二醇PFGpolyethyleneoxide聚氧化乙烯PEOpolyethyleneterephthalate聚乙醇对苯PETPpolymetylmethacrylate聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PMMApolyoxymethylene聚缩醛POMpolyphenyleneoxide聚硫化亚苯polyphenyleneoxide聚苯醚PPOpolypropylene聚丙烯PPpolystyrene聚苯乙烯PSpolytetrafluoroethylene聚四氟乙烯PTFEpolytetrafluoroethylene聚四氟乙烯polythene聚乙烯PEpolyurethane聚氨基甲酸酯PUpolyvinylacetate聚醋酸乙烯PVACpolyvinylalcohol聚乙烯醇PVApolyvinylbutyral聚乙烯醇缩丁醛PVBpolyvinylchloride聚氯乙烯PVCpolyvinylfuoride聚氟乙烯PVFpolyvinylidenechloride聚偏二氯乙烯PVDCprepolymer预聚物siliconeresin矽树脂thermoplastic热塑性thermosetting热固性thermosettingplastic塑胶unsaturatedpolyester不饱和聚酯树脂模具词汇英语翻译(射出成形)activator活化剂bagmoulding气胎施压成形bondingstrength黏合强度breathing排气caulkingcompound填隙料cell气孔coldslug半凝式射出colorant著色剂colormatching调色colormasterbatch色母料compound混合料copolymer共聚合体cull残料废品cure凝固化cryptometer不透明度仪daylight开隙drycycletime空料试车周期时间ductility延性elastomer弹性体extrudedbeadsealing压出粒涂层法feed供料filler充填剂filmblowing薄膜吹制法floatingplaten活动模板foamingagent发泡剂gloss光泽granule颗粒料gunk料斗hotmark热斑hotstamping烫印injectionnozzle射出喷嘴injectionplunger射出柱塞injectionram射出冲柱isomer同分异构物kneader混合机levelingagent匀涂剂lubricant润滑剂matcheddiemethod配合成形法mouldclampingforce锁模力mouldreleaseagent脱模剂nozzle喷嘴orientedfilm取向薄膜parison吹气成形坏料pellet粒料plasticizer可塑剂plunger压料柱塞porosity孔隙率postcure后固化premix预混料purging清除reciprocatingscrew往复螺杆resilience回弹性resininjection树脂射出法rheology流变学sheet塑胶片shot注射shotcycle射出循环slipagent光滑剂takeoutdevice取料装置tiebar拉杆toggletypemouldclampingsystem肘杆式锁模装置torpedospreader鱼雷形分流板transparency透明性voidcontent空洞率模具词汇英语翻译(表面处理) agehardening时效硬化ageing老化处理airhardening气体硬化airpatenting空气韧化annealing退火anodeeffect阳极效应anodizing阳极氧化处理atomloytreatment阿托木洛伊表面austempering奥氏体等温淬火austenite奥斯田体/奥氏体bainite贝氏体bandedstructure条纹状组织barrelplating滚镀barreltumbling滚筒打光blackening染黑法blueshortness青熟脆性bonderizing磷酸盐皮膜处理boxannealing箱型退火boxcarburizing封箱渗碳brightelectroplating辉面电镀brightheattreatment光辉热处理bypassheattreatment旁路热处理carbide炭化物carburizedcasedepth浸碳硬化深层carburizing渗碳cementite炭化铁chemicalplating化学电镀chemicalvapordeposition化学蒸镀coarsening结晶粒粗大化coating涂布被覆coldshortness低温脆性comemtite渗碳体controlledatmosphere大气热处理cornereffect锐角效应creepingdischarge蠕缓放电decarburization脱碳处理decarburizing脱碳退火depthofhardening硬化深层diffusion扩散diffusionannealing扩散退火electrolytichardening电解淬火embossing压花etching表面蚀刻ferrite肥粒铁firststageannealing第一段退火flamehardening火焰硬化flametreatment火焰处理fullannealing完全退火gaseouscyaniding气体氧化法globularcementite球状炭化铁grainsize结晶粒度granolitetreatment磷酸溶液热处理graphitizing石墨退火hardenability硬化性hardenabilitycurve硬化性曲线hardening硬化heattreatment热处理hotbathquenching热浴淬火hotdipping热浸镀inductionhardening高周波硬化ioncarbonitriding离子渗碳氮化ioncarburizing离子渗碳处理ionplating离子电镀isothermalannealing等温退火liquidhoning液体喷砂法lowtemperatureannealing低温退火malleablizing可锻化退火martempering麻回火处理martensite马氏体/硬化铁炭metallikon金属喷镀法metallizing真空涂膜nitriding氮化处理nitrocarburizing软氮化normalizing正常化oilquenching油淬化overageing过老化overheating过热pearlite针尖组织phosphating磷酸盐皮膜处理physicalvapordeposition物理蒸镀plasmanitriding离子氮化pre-annealing预备退火precipitation析出precipitationhardening析出硬化pressquenching加压硬化processannealing制程退火quenchageing淬火老化quenchhardening淬火quenchingcrack淬火裂痕quenchingdistortion淬火变形quenchingstress淬火应力reconditioning再调质recrystallization再结晶redshortness红热脆性residualstress残留应力retainedaustenite残留奥rustprevention防蚀saltbathquenching盐浴淬火sandblast喷砂处理seasoning时效处理secondstageannealing第二段退火seculardistortion经年变形segregation偏析selectivehardening部分淬火shotblast喷丸处理shotpeening珠击法singlestagenitriding等温渗氮sintering烧结处理soaking均热处理softening软化退火solutiontreatment固溶化热处理spheroidizing球状化退火stabilizingtreatment安定化处理straighteningannealing矫直退火strainageing应变老化stressrelievingannealing应力消除退火subzerotreatment生冷处理supercooling过冷surfacehardening表面硬化处理temperbrittleness回火脆性tempercolour回火颜色tempering回火temperingcrack回火裂痕texture咬花thermalrefining调质处理thermoechanicaltreatment加工热处理timequenching时间淬火transformation变态tufftrideprocess软氮化处理underannealing不完全退火vacuumcarbonitriding真空渗碳氮化vacuumcarburizing真空渗碳处理vacuumhardening真空淬火vacuumheattreatment真空热处理vacuumnitriding真空氮化waterquenching水淬火wetout浸润处理模具词汇英语翻译(模具常用刀具工作法) adjustablespanner活动扳手anglecutter角铣刀arbour心轴backing衬垫beltsander带式打磨机buffing抛光chamferingmachine倒角机chamferingtool去角刀具chisel扁錾chuck夹具compass两角规concavecutter凹面铣刀convexcutter凸形铣刀crossjoint十字接头cuttingedgeclearance刃口余隙角drillstand钻台edgefile刃用锉刀file锉刀flangejoint凸缘接头grinder砂轮机hammer铁锤handbrace手摇钻hatching剖面线hexagonheadedbolt六角头螺栓hexagonnut六角螺帽indexhead分度头jack千斤顶jig治具kit工具箱lapping研磨metalsaw金工锯noseangle刀角pinchers钳子pliers铗钳plug柱塞头polisher磨光器protabledriller手提钻孔机punch冲头sandpaper砂纸scraper刮刀screwdriver螺丝起子scribing划线secondoutfile中纹锉spanner扳手splinebroach方栓槽拉刀square直角尺squaresleeker方形镘刀squaretrowel直角度stripping剥离工具T-slotT形槽toolforlathe车刀toolpointangle刀刃角toolpost刀架tosecan划线盘trimming去毛边waffledieflattening压纹效平wiper脱模钳wrench螺旋扳手模具词汇英语翻译(冲模加工) barreling滚光加工belling压凸加工bending弯曲加工blanking下料加工bulging撑压加工burring冲缘加工camdiebending凸轮弯曲加工coining压印加工compressing压缩加工compressionbending押弯曲加工crowning凸面加工curlbending卷边弯曲加工curling卷曲加工cutting切削加工dinking切断蕊骨doubleshearing叠板裁断drawing引伸加工drawingwithironing抽引光滑加工embossing浮花压制加工extrusion挤制加工filing锉削加工fineblanking精密下料加工finishblanking光制下料加工finishing精整加工flanging凸缘加工folding折边弯曲加工folding摺叠加工forming成形加工impactextrusion冲击挤压加工indenting压痕加工ironing引缩加工knurling滚花lockseaming固定接合louvering百叶窗板加工marking刻印加工necking颈缩加工notching冲口加工parting分断加工piercing冲孔加工progressivebending连续弯曲加工progressiveblanking连续下料加工progressivedrawing连续引伸加工progressiveforming连续成形加工reaming铰孔加工restriking二次精冲加工riveting铆接加工rollbending滚筒弯曲加工rollfinishing滚压加工rolling压延加工roughing粗加工scraplessmachining无废料加工seaming折弯重叠加工shaving缺口修整加工shearing切断加工sizing精压加工/矫正加工slitting割缝加工spinning卷边?接stamping锻压加工swaging挤锻压加工trimming整缘加工upsetting锻粗加工wiring抽线加工模具词汇英语翻译(冲压机械及周边) backshaft支撑轴blankdetermination胚料展开bottomslidepress下传动式压力机boarddrophammer板落锤brake煞车buckle剥砂面camlachiecramp铸包chamottesand烧磨砂charginghopper加料漏斗clearance间隙closed-dieforging合模锻造clump夹紧clutch离合器clutchbrake离合器制动器clutchboss离合器轮壳clutchlining离合器覆盖coilcar带卷升降运输机coilcradle卷材进料装置coilreelstand钢材卷料架column圆柱connectionscrew连杆调节螺钉corecompound砂心黏结剂counterblowhammer对击锻锤cradle送料架crank曲柄轴crankless无曲柄式crosscrank横向曲轴cushion缓冲depression外缩凹孔dialfeed分度送料dieapproach模口角度dieassembly合模diecushion模具缓冲垫dieheight冲压闭合高度dielife模具寿命dieopening母模逃孔diespottingpress调整冲模用压力机doublecrankpress双曲柄轴冲床draghtangle逃料倾斜角edging边锻伸embeddedcore加装砂心feedlength送料长度feedlevel送料高度fillingcore埋入砂心fillingin填砂filmplay液面花纹fineblankingpress精密下料冲床forgingroll辊锻机finishingslag炼后熔渣flywheel飞轮flywheelbrake飞轮制动器footpress脚踏冲床formboard进模口板frame床身机架friction摩擦frictionbrake摩擦煞车gapshear凹口剪床gear齿轮gib滑块引导部gripper夹具gripperfeed夹持进料gripperfeeder夹紧传送装置hammer槌机handpress手动冲床handrackpinionpress手动齿轮齿条式冲床handscrewpress手动螺旋式冲床hopperfeed料斗送料idlestage空站inching微调尺寸isothermalforging恒温锻造keyclutch键槽离合器knockout脱模装置knucklemechanic转向机构land模具直线刀面部loader供料器unloader卸料机loopcontroller闭回路控制器lowerdie下模microinchingdevice微寸动装置microinchingequipment微动装置movingbolster活动工作台notchingpress冲缺口压力机opening排料逃孔overloadprotectiondevice防超载装置pinchroll导正滚轮pinion小齿轮pitch节距pressfit压入progressive连续送料pusherfeed推杆式送料pusherfeeder料片押片装置quickdiechangesystem快速换模系统regrinding再次研磨releasing松释动作reversedblanking反转下料robot机器人rollformingmachine辊轧成形rollformingmachine辊轧成形机rollrelease脱辊rollerfeed辊式送料rollerleveler辊式矫直机rotarybender卷弯成形机safetyguard安全保护装置scrapcutter废料切刀scrappress废料冲床seamlessforging无缝锻造shave崩砂shearangle剪角sheetloader薄板装料机shot单行程工作shrinkagefit收缩配合shutheight闭合高度sievemesh筛孔sinteringofsand铸砂烧贴slidebalancer滑动平衡器slughole逃料孔spinformingmachine旋压成形机spotting合模stackfeeder堆叠拨送料机stickness黏模性straightsideframe冲床侧板stretcherleveler拉伸矫直机stripfeeder料材送料装置strippingpressure弹出压力stroke冲程takeoutdevice取料装置togglepress肘杆式压力机transferfeed连续自动送料装置turrentpunchpress转塔冲床twospeedclutch双速离合器uncoiler闭卷送料机unloader卸载机vibrationfeeder振动送料机wiringpress嵌线卷边机模具词汇英语翻译(线切割放电加工关连用语) abnormalglow不规则辉光放电arcdischarge电弧放电belt皮带centreless无心chromebronze铭铜clearanceangle后角cornersheardrop直角压陷deflection桡曲度dischargeenergy放电能量dressing修整dwell保压flange凸缘gap间隙graphite石墨graphitecontractionallowance电极缩小余量graphiteholder电极夹座haircrack发裂horn电极臂jump跳刀magneticbase磁性座mastergraphite标准电极pipegraphite管状电极pulse脉冲ribworking肋部加工rollerelectrode滚轮式电极rotarysurface旋转面shank柄部sharpedge锐角部toughbronze韧铜traverse摇臂tungstenbronze钨青铜waviness波形起伏workingallowance加工余量workingdischard加工废料模具相关词汇英语翻译(锻铸造关连用语) accretion炉瘤acidconverter酸性转炉acidliningcupola酸性熔铁炉acidopen-hearthfurnace酸性平炉aerator松砂机airsetmold常温自硬铸模airlessblastingcleaning离心喷光allcoremolding集合式铸模allrounddieholder通用模座assemblymark铸造合模记号backpouring补浇注backingsand背砂basebullion粗金属锭basepermeability原砂透气度belling压凸billet坏料bleed漏铸blocker预锻模膛blocking粗胚锻件blowhole铸件气孔boarddrophammer板落锤bottompourmold底浇bottompouring底注boxlessmold脱箱砂模break-offcore缩颈砂心brickmolding砌箱造模法buckle剥砂面camber错箱camlachiecramp铸包castblade铸造叶片castingflange铸造凸缘castingonflat水平铸造chamottesand烧磨砂charginghopper加料漏斗cleaningofcasting铸件清理closed-dieforging合模锻造corecompound砂心黏结剂coretemplate砂心模板corevent砂蕊排气孔cornergate压边浇口counterblowhammer对击锻造counterlock止口镶嵌方式depression外缩凹孔dieapproach模口角度drawout锻造拔长drawplate起模板drawspike起模长针dummying预锻embeddedcore加装砂心erosion冲砂fettling铸件清理fillingcore埋入砂心fillingin填砂filmplay液面花纹finishingslag炼后熔渣flashgutter锻模飞边槽flaskmolding砂箱造模forgingroll辊锻机formboard进模口板gutter锻模飞边槽hammerman锻工headingmachine顶镦机impacter卧式锻造机inblockcast整体铸造ingot铸锭ingotblank铸坯inlaycasting镶铸法investmentcasting失模铸造isothermalforging恒温锻造loosepiece木模活块moldingpit铸模地坑pouringprocess浇注法recasting重铸rollforging轧锻rolledsurface轧制表面roughsand粗砂roughingforge粗锻sandcrushing塌箱seamlessforging无缝锻造separate分离shave崩砂shrinkagefit收缩配合shutheight闭合高度sievemesh筛孔sinteringofsand铸砂烧贴slag熔渣slaginclusion夹渣stickness黏模性striplayout带状胚料排样法tapcasting顶注topgate顶注浇口unworkedcasting不加工铸件upender翻转装置upending顶锻uphillcasting底铸whitecastiron白口铸件模具词汇相关英语翻译(砂轮用语) abrasive砂轮Al2O3氧化铝borazon氧化硼立方晶buffingwheel抛光布轮diamond钻石dresser砂轮整修机dressing修整endlessgrindingbelt循环式研磨带finishingallowance加工余量grain磨粒grindingdisc研磨盘jampup孔眼堵塞mesh网筛目resinoidgrindingwheel半树脂型砂轮slitting切缝量vitrified陶瓷的模具加工方法词汇的英语翻译barrel滚筒(加工)bending波纹加工broaching拉刀切削centering定中心cutting切削cylindricallathecutting外圆车削electricdischargemachine放电加工electrolyticgrinding电解研磨embossing压花加工facing面车削filing锉刀修润handfinishing手工修润hemming卷边加工hobbing滚齿加工joggling摇动加工lapping抛光/研磨修润laserbeammachining雷射加工lathecutting车床车削planning刨削加工polishing抛亮光reaming铰孔修润roughmachining粗切削rounding圆形加工sawing锯削scaling清除钢碇缺陷shaping成形加工skiving表面研磨slotting切缝切削taperturning锥度车削threadcutting螺纹切削ultrasonicmachining超音波加工upcutmilling逆铣加工特别声明：1：资料来源于互联网，版权归属原作者2：资料内容属于网络意见，与本账号立场无关3：如有侵权，请告知，立即删除。
机械工程学专业词汇英语翻译（C）1
cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥 cad 计算机辅助设计 calculator 计算机 calculus of approximation 近似计算 calculus of finite differences 差分演算 calibration 校准 calibrator 校准器 calorific capacity 热容量 calorimetric measurement 量热测量 camber changing flap 改变机翼弯度的襟翼 canal 管道 canal vortex 沟渠涡旋 canal wave 沟渠波 canard 鸭翼 canonical coordinate 正则坐标 canonical distribution 正则分布 canonical equation of motion 正则运动⽅程 canonical equations 正则⽅程 canonical form 正则形式 canonical momentum 正则动量 canonical transformation 正则变换 canonical variable 正则变量 cantilever 悬臂梁 caoutchouc elasticity 橡胶弹性 capacitive transducer 电容传感器 capacity 功率 capacity measure 容积量度 capacity strain gage 电容应变计 capillarity ⽑细现象 capillary absorption ⽑细管吸收 capillary action ⽑细酌 capillary attraction ⽑细引⼒ capillary condensation ⽑细凝缩 capillary constant ⽑细常数 capillary energy 表⾯张⼒能 capillary fissure ⽑细裂纹 capillary flow ⽑管流 capillary force ⽑细⼒ capillary gravity wave ⽑细重⼒波 capillary level oscillation ⽑细⾯振动 capillary phenomenon ⽑细现象 capillary pressure ⽑细压⼒ capillary rise ⽑细升⾼ capillary tension ⽑细张⼒ capillary tube ⽑细管 capillary viscosimeter ⽑细管粘度计 capillary waves ⽑细波 capture 俘获 carbon fiber 碳纤维 cardan angle 卡登⾓ cardan rings 卡登环 cardiac dynamics ⼼脏动⼒学 cardiac work ⼼脏的⼯作 cargo 货物 carrier gas ⽓体载体 carrier inertial force 牵连惯性⼒ carrier liquid 载体液体 carrier oscillation 载波振荡 carrier rocket 运载⽕箭 carrier velocity 牵连速度 carrying capacity 负荷量 cartesian coordinates 笛卡⼉坐标 cartesian vector 笛卡⼉⽮量 cascade excitation 级联激发 cascade flow 翼栅怜 cascade of aerofoil 翼型叶栅 cascade tunnel 叶栅风洞 case depth 渗碳层深度 case hardening 表⾯硬化 casing 外壳 castigliano theorem 卡斯蒂利亚诺定理 casting stress 铸造应⼒ catapult 弹射器 catenary 悬链线 catenoid 悬链曲⾯ cauchy deformation tensor 柯挝变张量 cauchy equation of motion 柯嗡动⽅程 cauchy integral theorem 柯锡分定理 cauchy law of similarity 柯梧似性定律 cauchy residue theorem 柯涡数定理 cauchy riemann equations 柯卫杪 匠眺 cauchy stress tensor 柯桅⼒张量 caudad acceleration 尾向加速度 causality 因果律 caving 空泡形成 cavitating flow ⽓⽳流涡空流 cavitation ⽓蚀现象 cavitation bubble 空泡 cavitation damage 空化损坏 cavitation effect 空化效应 cavitation erosion 空蚀 cavitation nucleus 空化核 cavitation number 空化数 cavitation parameter 空化参数 cavitation phenomenon ⽓蚀现象 cavitation shock ⽓蚀冲击 cavitation tunnel 空泡试验筒 cavity 空腔 cavity collapse 空泡破裂 cavity drag 空泡阻⼒ cavity flow ⽓⽳流涡空流 cavity flow theory 空泡另论 cavity formation 空泡形成 cavity pressure 空腔压⼒ cavity resonator 空腔共振器 cavity vibration 共振腔振动 ceiling 上升限度 celestial mechanics 天体⼒学 cell model 笼⼦模型 cell reynolds number 格雷诺数 cellular grid 状栅格 cellular structure 栅格结构 center 中⼼ center line 中⼼线 center line average height 中线平均⾼度 center line of the bar 杆件轴线 center of area ⾯积中⼼ center of buoyancy 浮⼼ center of curvature 曲率中⼼ center of gravity 重⼼ center of inertia 惯性中⼼ center of inertia system 惯性中⼼坐标系 center of inversion 反演中⼼ center of mass 质⼼ center of mass coordinate 质⼼坐标系 center of mass law 质⼼定理 center of mass motion 质⼼运动 center of mass system 质⼼坐标系 center of mass theorem 质⼼定理 center of oscillation 震荡中⼼ center of percussion 撞恍⼼ center of rotation 转动中⼼ center of similarity 相似中⼼ center of twist 扭转中⼼ center of vorticity 涡⼼ center to center distance 中⼼距 center to center spacing 中⼼距 centered compressional wave 有⼼压缩波 centered rarefactional wave 有⼼稀疏波 centi 厘 centigrade temperature 摄⽒温度 centimetre 厘⽶ centimetre gramme second 厘⽶克秒 central 中⼼的 central angle 中⼼⾓；圆⼼⾓ central axis of inertia 惯性中⼼轴 central body 中枢体 central difference method 中⼼差分法 central force 有⼼⼒ central force field 有⼼⼒场 central gas stream 中⼼⽓流 central impact 对⼼碰撞 central limit theorem 中⼼极限定理 central line 中线 central moment 中⼼⼒矩 central point 中⼼点 central potential 有⼼⼒势 central principal axis of inertia 中⼼惯性轴 central principal moment of inertia 中⼼知动惯量 centre 中⼼ centre of buyoncy 浮⼼ centre of curvature 曲率中⼼ centre of force ⼒⼼ centre of gravity 重⼼ centre of gyration 旋转中⼼ centre of inertia 质⼼ centre of mass 质⼼ centre of mass motion 质⼼运动 centre of mass system 质⼼系 centre of percussion 撞恍⼼ centre of pressure 压⼒中⼼ centrifugal 离⼼的 centrifugal acceleration 离⼼加速度 centrifugal effect 离⼼效应 centrifugal field 离⼼⼒场 centrifugal force 离⼼⼒ centrifugal governor 离⼼式蒂器 centrifugal inertial force 惯性离⼼⼒ centrifugal load 离⼼荷载 centrifugal pendulum 离⼼摆 centrifugal potential 离⼼势 centrifugation 离⼼分离 centrifuge 离⼼机 centrifuge modelling 离⼼模拟 centripetal 向⼼的 centripetal acceleration 向⼼加速度 centripetal force 向⼼⼒ centrode 瞬⼼轨迹 centroid 质⼼ centroid axis 重⼼轴线 centroid of area ⾯⼼ centroidal principal axes of inertia 重⼼诌性轴 centrosymmetric 中⼼对称的 cgs system cgs 单位制 chain drive 链条传动 chain graph 链图 chain reaction 连锁反应 chain transmission 链条传动 chance event 随机事件 chance quantity 随机量 chance variable 随机变量 change 变化 change of coordinates 坐标变换 change of form 形态变化 change of state 物态变化 change of the variable 变数更换 change of the wind 风向改变 changing load 交变负载 channel 渠道 channel diffusion 通道扩散 channel flow 渠道怜 chaos 混沌 chaplygin correspondence principle 恰普雷⾦对应原理 chaplygin equation 恰普雷⾦⽅程 chaplygin fluid 恰普雷⾦铃 chaplygin function 恰普雷⾦函数 chapman enskog method 查普曼⾖科格⽅法 chapman enskog solution 查普曼⾖科格解 chapman jouguet condition 查普曼儒盖条件 chapman jouguet hypothesis 查普曼儒盖假设 chapman kolmogoroff equation 查普曼柯尔莫果洛夫⽅程 chapman layer 查普曼层 characteristic 特性 characteristic curve 特性曲线 characteristic datum 特盏 characteristic determinant 特招列式 characteristic diagram 特者图 characteristic einstein temperature 爱因斯坦特章度 characteristic energy 特哲量 characteristic equation 特性⽅程 characteristic frequency 特盏率 characteristic function 特寨数 characteristic hydraulic number 特蘸压数 characteristic length 特栅度 characteristic line 特性线 characteristic matrix 特肇阵 characteristic parameter 特性参数 characteristic plane 特战⾯ characteristic quantity 特性量 characteristic surface 特怔⾯ characteristic surge impedance 特性浪涌阻抗 characteristic temperature 特章度 characteristic value 特盏 characteristic vector 特崭量 characteristic velocity 特召度 characteristic wavelength 特炸长 characteristics 特性 charge 装药 charpy impact machine 却贝冲辉验机 charpy impact test 却贝冲辉验 chatter amplitude 颤动幅度 chatter mark 振颤痕 chatter vibration 颤动 chattering 颤动 check 校验 check analysis 检验分析 chilling 冷硬 choke 扼⼒ choke free ⽆阻塞的 choked nozzle 壅塞式喷管 choked wind tunnel 阻塞式风洞 choking 壅塞 choking coil 扼⼒ choking mach number 壅塞马赫数 choking region 壅柳 choking velocity 壅塞速度 chopped wave 斩波 choppy sea 三⾓浪 chord 翼弦 chord length 弦长 chronometry 测时 ciliary motion 纤⽑运动 circle errors of gyroscope 陀螺盘旋误差 circle of curvature 曲率圆 circle of inertia 惯性圆 circle of inflexions 挠曲圆 circular cone 圆锥 circular cylinder 圆柱 circular function 圆函数 circular motion 圆周运动 circular orbit 圆形轨道 circular pendulum 圆摆 circular shaft 圆轴 circular tube 圆管 circular velocity 圆速度 circular vibration 圆振动 circular vortex 圆涡 circular vorticity 圆涡 circular wave number vector 圆波⽮量 circular whirl 圆涡 circulating air 循环空⽓ circulating flow 环流 circulating water 循环⽔ circulation 循环 circulation branch 环林⽀ circulation coefficient 环恋数 circulation constant 环粒数 circulation free ⽆环聊 circulation index 环粮数 circulation layer 环零 circulation loop 循环管路 circulation of the vector field ⽮量场环路 circulation of water ⽔循环 circulation pattern 环良 circulation preserving motion 环量守恒运动 circulation process 循环过程 circulation theorem 环哩理 circulation water channel 循环⽔槽 circulator sector 扇形 circulatory flow 环流 circulatory integral 循环积分 circulatory motion 环了动 circulatory system 循环系统 circumference 圆周 circumferential component 周缘分量 circumferential direction 周向 circumferential force 切向⼒ circumferential speed 周向速率 circumglobal radiation 球⾯总辐射 circumgyration 回转 circumpolar vorticity 环极涡旋 circumsphere 外接球 cistern barometer 液槽⽓压计 civil engineering ⼟⽊⼯程 clamped beam 固⽀梁 clapeyron elastic body 克拉佩隆弹性体 clapotis 驻波 clapp oscillator 克拉普振荡器 classical mechanics 经典⼒学 classical physics 经典物理学 classical statistical mechanics 经典统计⼒学 classical theory of probability 经典概率论 classical thermodynamics 经典热⼒学 clausius clapeyron equation 克劳修斯克拉佩隆⽅程 clausius clapeyron relation 克劳修斯克拉佩隆⽅程 clausius duhem inequality 克劳修斯迪昂不等式 clausius planck inequality 克劳修斯普朗克不等式 clearance 间隙 cleavage 劈裂 cleavage crack 解理裂纹 cleavage fracture 解理断裂 cleavage fracture strength 解理断裂强度 cleavage plane 裂开⾯ cleavage strength 解理强度 cleft 裂纹 cleft family 裂⼝族 cleftiness 裂隙 climbing 攀移 climbing speed 上升速率 clinoaxis 斜轴 clipper 快速帆船 clockwise 顺时针⽅向的 clockwise rotation 顺时针旋转 closed loop 闭环 closed shell 闭壳 closed system 闭合系 closed wind tunnel 闭式回羚洞 closing pressure 关闭压⼒ co oscillating tides 共振潮 co oscillation 合振荡 co tidal line 等潮线 coagulation 凝聚 coalescence 聚并 coanda effect 柯安达效应 coasting motion 惯性运动 coating thickness 涂层厚度 cockpit 驾驶舱 coefficient of amplification 放⼤系数 coefficient of apparent expansion 表观膨胀系数 coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数 coefficient of condensation 凝结系数 coefficient of consolidation 固结系数 coefficient of contraction 收缩系数 coefficient of cubical expansion 体胀系数 coefficient of diffusion 扩散系数 coefficient of dispersion 弥散系数 coefficient of eddy viscosity 湍脸性系数 coefficient of elasticity 弹性系数 coefficient of elongation 伸长系数 coefficient of expansion 膨胀系数 coefficient of friction 摩擦系数 coefficient of heat conduction 热传导系数 coefficient of heat transmission 传热系数 coefficient of infiltration 浸渗系数 coefficient of internal friction 内摩擦系数 coefficient of kinetic friction 动摩擦系数 coefficient of linear extension 线伸长系数 coefficient of mutual diffusion 相互扩散系数 coefficient of pivoting friction 枢轴摩擦系数 coefficient of pressure diffusion 加压扩散系数 coefficient of regression 回归系数 coefficient of resistance 阻⼒系数 coefficient of restitution 恢复系数 coefficient of rolling friction 滚动摩擦系数 coefficient of sliding friction 滑动摩擦系数 coefficient of stability 稳定性系数 coefficient of static friction 静摩擦系数 coefficient of surface expansion 表⾯膨胀系数 coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数 coefficient of thermal expansion 热膨胀系数 coefficient of transmission 透射系数 coefficient of viscosity 粘性系数 coherence distance 相⼲距离 coherence function 相⼲函数 coherence length 相⼲距离 coherence scattering 相⼲散射 coherent structure of turbulence 湍拎⼲结构 coherent wave 相⼲波 cohesion 内聚 cohesion force 内聚⼒ cohesion pressure 内聚压⼒ cohesion strength 内聚强度 cohesionless soil ⽆粘聚性⼟ cohesive energy 内聚能 cohesive soil 粘聚性⼟ coiled spring 螺旋形弹簧 cold bending test 冷弯曲试验 cold brittleness 冷脆性 cold crack 冷裂纹 cold cutting 冷切 cold deformation 冷变形 cold drawing 冷拉 cold energy 冷能 cold flow 冷流 cold plasma 冷等离⼦体 cold pressure 冷压 cold rolling 冷轧 cold wave 冷波 cold working 冷加⼯ collapse 崩溃 collapse mechanism 破坏机构 collapsible tube 可折皱管 collapsing force 破坏⼒ collar vortex 涡环 collateral motion 次级运动 collective mode of motion 集体运动模式 collective motion 集体运动 collimation 视准 collision 碰撞 collision chain 碰撞链 collision cross section 碰撞截⾯ collision diameter 碰撞直径 collision diffusion 碰撞扩散 collision excitation 碰撞激发 collision frequency 碰撞频率 collision heating 碰撞加热 collision integral 碰撞积分 collision invariant 碰撞不变量。
《白雪歌送武判官归京》原文及翻译赏析
《白雪歌送武判官归京》原文及翻译赏析《白雪歌送武判官归京》原文及翻译赏析1原文：北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪。
忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。
散入珠帘湿罗幕，狐裘不暖锦衾薄。
将军角弓不得控，都护铁衣冷难着。
(难着一作：犹著)瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝。
中军置酒饮归客，胡琴琵琶与羌笛。
纷纷暮雪下辕门，风掣红旗冻不翻。
轮台东门送君去，去时雪满天山路。
山回路转不见君，雪上空留马行处。
赏析：《白雪歌送武判官归京》是岑参边塞诗的代表作，作于他第二次出塞阶段。
此时，他很受安西节度使封常青的器重，他的大多数边塞诗成于这一时期。
岑参在这首诗中，以诗人的敏锐观察力和浪漫奔放的笔调，描绘了祖国西北边塞的壮丽景色，以及边塞军营送别归京使臣的热烈场面，表现了诗人和边防将士的爱国热情...查看全文...创作背景此诗当作于公元754年（唐玄宗天宝十三载）。
当时西北边疆一带，战事频繁，岑参怀着到塞外建功立业的志向，两度出塞，久佐戎幕，前后在边疆军队中生活了六年，因而对鞍马风尘的征战生活与冰天雪地的塞外风光有长期的观察与体会。
这一年，岑参第二次出塞，充任西安北庭节度使封常清的判官（节度使的僚...查看全文...鉴赏作者介绍岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》原文及翻译赏析2《白雪歌送武判官归京》作者：岑参北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪。
忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。
散入珠帘湿罗幕，狐裘不暖锦衾薄。
将军角弓不得控，都护铁衣冷犹著。
瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝。
中军置酒饮归客，胡琴琵琶与羌笛。
纷纷暮雪下辕门，风掣红旗冻不翻。
轮台东门送君去，去时雪满天山路。
山回路转不见君，雪上空留马行处。
【原文注释】：１、白草：西域牧草名，秋天变白色。
２、胡天：指西域的气候。
３、辕门：古代军营前以两车之辕相向交接，成一半圆形门，后遂称营门为辕门。
【翻译译文】：北风席卷大地把百草吹折，胡地天气八月就纷扬落雪。
忽然间宛如一夜春风吹来，好象是千树万树梨花盛开。
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对轴裂纹的模拟和振动分析
摘要：
在转轴系统中轴裂纹是一种很常见的缺陷并且检测裂纹是一件很严肃的事。
在这项研究中,利用SpectraQuest的机械故障转子模拟器对轴裂纹进行了模拟分析。
进行了一系列的试验,观察裂纹在临界转速，1X和2X的频率响应下的行为变化。
实验结果发现轴裂纹的理论与预测一致。
1.简介
轴裂缝是转子逐渐增长的破裂。
如果在正在运转的机器中未被发现，随着裂缝增长，转轴横截面的减少将不能承受作用于它的动态载荷。
此时，转轴将会以快速的脆性断裂方式坏掉。
突然的断裂释放了大量储存在转动系统中的能量，并且转轴碎片将飞散。
在那一刻这种断裂会对不幸站在机器附近的任何人导致严的伤害甚至死亡。
显然，轴裂纹的检查是一件非常严肃的事情，并且被怀疑有裂缝的机器必须以最谨慎的态度加以对待。
裂纹从轴的高局部应力区域开始。
轴受到由于弯曲，扭力、静态径向载荷、约束热弯曲、热冲击和热残余应力、焊接和机器操作的剩余应力产生的大规模应力。
所有这些应力结合导致周期性改变的一个局部应力区域。
在一个小区域，应力超出材料可能承受的最大应力值时，裂缝将在材料中形成。
如果循环应力足够高，裂缝的前沿将慢慢地传播，以使裂缝的平面垂直于抗应力场方向。
这个应力场的方向取决于应力的种类(弯曲或扭转力)和几何因素。
如果转轴仅受到简单的弯曲应力，则应力场将沿转轴长轴方向，并且裂缝将直接地横跨转轴部分传播，形成一个横向裂缝。
纯净的扭转应力将在相对轴45°方向产生一个张应力区域。
在这个应力场中的一个裂缝将传播入转轴并且将在轴表面形成一个螺旋。
图1显示裂纹的这两种类型。
在多数转轴系统，应力场包含弯曲和扭转应力的混合力。
然而弯曲应力通常是主要组分，因而裂缝通常将以横向裂纹传播入转轴。
图1，横向扭曲裂纹
轴弯曲变形刚度与阀杆截面有关。
随着裂痕在轴上的传播,剩下的截面越变越小,轴的单壁碳纳米管抗弯刚度下降了。
这将减少谐振频率以及转子系统的临界转速。
轴硬度的减少也造成转子在静态或动态负荷下更加弯曲,例如回转运动失衡。
弯曲可能会随着时间发生变化。
因此,它将改变重心的实际位置和量级,这将因此改变1倍转子响应。
如果一个转子在裂缝处有稳定,单向径向载荷,然后当转子转到任何共振速度一半时一个强的2X回应可能出现。
作为一个呼吸裂纹,既关闭又开放的旋转、转子将在2倍的频率处响应。
如果一种共振存在运行速度的两倍,那么2X振动将被放大。
在这项研究中,用SpectraQuest MFS进行了一系列的关于裂纹轴的测试以观察他们的行为的变化,包括临界转速,1倍和2倍频率响应,相对于完整的轴。
2．实验装置
三个实验,主要目的在于接近本研究的目的。
它们分别是:
A.利用法兰轴模拟裂纹轴
B.轴承箱内侧v型裂纹1.6”的缺口轴
C.轴承箱内侧v型裂纹1”的缺口轴
实验A和B研究了完整轴和裂纹轴的临界转速的变化。
实验B和C研究了1倍和2倍频率响应时,完整轴和裂纹轴的变化。
运行速度选为每分钟转速2000和每分钟转速4000
这些对转子的测试通过图2展示的MFS装置实施。
四加速度计内被分别地安装在轴承箱内外在垂直和水平方向,。
实验A的装置,见图3。
图2 SpectraQuest的机械故障模拟装置(MFS) 图3所示模拟法兰轴裂纹的轴。
它由两个可分离轴配套法兰连在一起的。
四个螺栓压缩着可放松或收紧的盘形垫圈创建一个不对称的模式，改变刚度并模拟横向裂纹的开闭。
大阀瓣旁边的法兰提供重力加载和轴弯曲力矩。
测试在一、二、三螺栓松动下进行。
图3.实验装置
试验B和C的装置使用带有一个简单的90度0.150“深层切口的轴。
一个小螺纹孔在中心允许一小垫片在缺口夹紧，由于切口存在改变刚性变化。
在填料拆除，部分和完全拧紧的状态下测试运行。
3. 实验结果及分析
所有的实验数据采用SpectraQuest 的VibraQuest软件包进行整理和分析。
该软件的瞬态，瀑布图和分析工具主要应用于这项研究。
3.1 临界转速的变化
在启动测试临界转速可以通过采用时间频谱图,时间波形, 加速信号的瀑布图,如图4到6所示加以识别。
在图5中的横坐标是时间(秒)。
光标指向的红点代表第一个临界点。
光标表明的临界值发生在21.7秒和65.62 赫兹。
对于实验A,不同的裂纹条件对应轴的临界转速见表1,其中的“所有螺栓夹紧状态”模拟轴无裂纹，三个螺栓松指情况最严重的裂纹条件。
图4. “所有螺栓紧”的条件下的时间波形的启动和滑行测试
图5.启动在法兰模拟的裂纹测试的强度图
图6.在法兰裂纹模拟测试中启动和滑行测试的瀑布图
表1在实验A中临界转速的变化
在实验B针对不同的裂纹条件下轴的临界转速如表2。
完整意味着没有轴裂纹，“无填充”代表是最重要的裂缝条件。
全面加强填充物填充部分收紧(填料过分收紧)代表了中间的条件。
表2在实验B临界转速的变化
这两个表表明，随着裂纹增长,临界速度因为刚度降低而减小。
这些结果的总体趋势与轴裂纹的理论匹配的很好。
图7清楚地表明在不同裂纹条件的临界转速的变化趋势。
3.21X和2X频率响应
利用VibraQuest软件包的分析功能,如图8所示, 在实验B和C的每个稳态测试中很容易获得1X和X倍频率响应。
由于转子系统的临界转速在60赫兹到65赫兹,当在测试时运行速度为2000转(33.33赫兹)时，2X频率将接近共振频率。
因此,无论是1X和2X需要进行组件分析。
当运转速度4000转(66.67赫兹),1X接近共振频率而2X将远离。
因此,只对1X的频率响应进行了分析。
表3.在实验B为2000转的1X和2X的频率响应
表4.在实验B为4000转的1倍的频率响应
表5.在实验C为2000 转的1倍和2倍的频率响应
表6.在实验C为4000转的1倍频率响应
表3至表6的结论显示了1X和2X的频率响应为所有的情况下的实验B和C，比较这结果表明：这些通常是1X和2X的频率响应,含裂纹轴的反应较完整轴大。
这意味着裂纹轴已发生变化,并且放大了1倍和2倍振动响应。
这个结果与理论结果一致的轴裂纹已被提及过在介绍。
4．总结
轴裂纹将慢慢演变为转子的疲劳断裂。
裂纹破坏的损伤会导致严重的危害,因此检测轴裂纹是非常重要的。
轴裂纹降低轴的单壁碳纳米管抗弯刚度可减少由于截面。
那将改变转子系统的临界转速,并且当系统运行在1.5共振频率时1X和2X频率响应,。
所有这些为轴裂纹提供诊断依据。
在这项研究中,利用SpectraQuest的机械故障转子模拟器和VibraQuest软件对轴裂纹进行了模拟分析。
通过一系列的试验,观察裂纹在临界转速和在1X和2X频率响应时的行为变化。
结果表明,随裂缝增大和裂纹轴的1X和2X频率响应相对于完整轴增长，临界转速减小。
这些结果与轴裂纹的理论结果一致。