大学英语专业精读分析解析
大学生英语精读课程学情分析——基于一所高校的个案研究
近年 ， 国内已有一些高等教育研究机构主持开
展有 关 大学 生学 习 与发 展 的调 查 ． 如清 华 大学 引 进 美国 Ｎ Ｓ Ｓ Ｅ调 查 ，调整 形 成 了 Ｎ Ｓ Ｓ Ｅ — Ｃ ｈ ｉ ｎ ａ中文 版
问卷 ， 并自２ ０ ０ ９年 起 ， 连 续 在全 国开 展 年度 调 研 ；
厦 门大 学 “ 大学 生 学 习情 况 调查 研 究 ” 课 题 组 自主 设 计 问卷 及 开展 了首次 国家大 学 生学 情 调查 等 ． 也 有越 来 越 多 的学 者 开 始关 注 大 学 教学 过 程 及 大 学 生学 习经 验 问题 ， 并 借鉴 学 生学 习性 投人 理论 开 展
所 自愿参加课题研究的本科 院校收集 的数据进行 研 究 ，显示 “ 校 园环 境支 持度 ” 、 “ 课 堂下 的学 习行 为” 与学生教育收获之 间的相关程度更高 ； 史秋衡 （ ２ ０ １ ２ ） 对全 国 ２ ３个省 、 直 辖市 和 自治 区 ５ ２所 高校 的９ ２ １ ２ ２名 大学 生 进 行学 习观 、 课堂体验 、 学 习方 式 和学 习收 获 的调查 ， 结果 显示 大学 生 的学 习 观和 课堂 体验 既直 接影 响学 习 收获 ， 也通 过 学 习方式 间
实证 研 究 ， 如： 王纾 （ ２ ０ １ １ ） 以２ ０ ０ ９年 Ｎ Ｓ Ｓ Ｅ — Ｃ ｈ ｉ ｎ ａ
调查 数 据 为基 础 ， 采 用 量 化 统计 分 析 方 法 ， 探 索 大 学生学 习性 投入 对 其学 习收 获 的影 响机制 ； 史 静 寰 （ ２ ０ １ １ ） 采 用清华 大 学教育 研究 院主持 的“ 中国大 学 生学 习性 投 入研 究 ” 课题组 ２ ０ ０ ９年 ６月 在 全 国 ２ ３
大学英语精读课堂话语分析
大学英语精读课堂话语分析摘要：课堂话语分析是对课堂教学过程进行客观的描述分析,该分析反映了师生在课堂中互动中的共同贡献。
大多数英语课堂研究一直集中在教师方面的因素,例如教师问题的类型、教师的话语量等。
在很大程度上忽视了教师与学生之间的互动交流。
随着功能语言学的发展,话语分析理论逐渐受到教育工作的重视和运用。
本文介绍了话语分析的内涵和理论，阐述了英语精读课堂师生话语模式，提问方式和老师的反馈分析，在此基础上提出了几条提高英语教学的建议。
关键词：英语精读教学；话语分析理论；研究一、话语分析定义1、话语分析的概念话语分析是则是只对句子更长的语言段所作的语言分析，主要目的是为了找出带有相似的语境的话语系列并确定其规律。
它包括语言形式、语言功能及书面文本的分析。
通过话语分析，我们可以判断出语言特点，即对不同文体、社会和文化因素的特点进行判断，有助于我们理解不同的文本和谈话类型。
书面文本话语分析，指对话题的发展以及句子的连贯性进行的研究。
2、在教学中使用话语分析的优点在教学中使用话语分析的优点表现以下两个方面：（1）简化了语法结构的分析。
学生接触到英语句子的时候，首先是分析句子的语法结构，似乎不了解句子结构就无法理解句子的含义。
我们当然反对这种英语学习方式。
如何在教学过程中使用话语分析法，会使语言分析更加简洁。
对话语内部结构的分析，强调了意义的完整性，同时也表明各语句在体现整个话语意义中的作用以及各话语之间的关系，这样分析就避免了以往句子分析造成的许多不良影响。
（2）话语分析增强学生的交流能力。
话语分析的目的，就是使学生在众多的信息中抓住主要信息，使交流顺利进行。
以往学生能够分析单个句子，但对于一段文字则无法理解，其主要原因就是没从句子中获得本应该获得的信息量，没从交际的角度理解句子，从而无法整理出整个语段的内容。
话语分析是超越句子层次的更高层次的分析方法，这种方法更切合语言的实际运用，它是以说话者和听话者双方的交流成功为最终目的。
现代大学英语精读4Unit2Springsowinglanguagestudy分析解析
WB T L E
I. Word Study
Unit 2—Spring Sowing
4. gruff gruff, brusque, blunt, crusty
These adjectives mean “abrupt and sometimes discourteous in manner or speech”.
at a party or in public, esp. in a noisy way
Examples: After the long hot summer we revelled in the rainstorm. They revelled all day and all night after their exams.
WB T L E
Unit 2—Spring Sowing
I. Word Study
3. depressed a. a. affected or marked by low spirits b. an area, industry, etc. that is depressed does
not have enough economic or business activity
Unit 2—Spring Sowing
Crusty suggests a rough and forbidding manner that sometimes conceals benevolence of spirit. He's a crusty old gentleman who feeds stray dogs and cats.
Unit 2—Spring Sowing
I. Word Study
大学英语读写教案精读技巧
课时：2课时教学目标：1. 让学生掌握精读的基本技巧和方法。
2. 培养学生独立阅读和思考的能力。
3. 提高学生的阅读速度和理解能力。
教学重点：1. 精读的基本技巧和方法。
2. 独立阅读和思考的能力。
教学难点：1. 精读技巧的灵活运用。
2. 阅读速度和理解能力的提高。
教学准备：1. 教师准备：多媒体课件、精读文章、练习题。
2. 学生准备：笔记本、笔。
教学过程：第一课时一、导入1. 教师简要介绍精读的重要性，激发学生的学习兴趣。
2. 学生分享自己阅读的经验和技巧。
二、精读技巧讲解1. 教师讲解精读的基本技巧，如：扫读、略读、细读、预测、推断、总结等。
2. 学生跟随教师一起练习这些技巧。
三、案例分析1. 教师展示一篇精读文章，引导学生运用所学技巧进行阅读。
2. 学生分组讨论，分享阅读心得。
四、练习1. 学生独立完成练习题，巩固所学技巧。
2. 教师点评学生的练习情况，解答疑问。
五、总结1. 教师总结本节课所学内容，强调精读技巧的重要性。
2. 学生分享自己的学习心得。
第二课时一、复习1. 教师带领学生复习上一节课所学的精读技巧。
2. 学生进行相关练习，巩固所学知识。
二、拓展阅读1. 教师推荐一篇适合学生阅读的文章，要求学生运用所学技巧进行阅读。
2. 学生分组讨论，分享阅读心得。
三、阅读策略训练1. 教师讲解阅读策略，如：如何快速抓住文章主旨、如何理解长难句等。
2. 学生跟随教师一起练习阅读策略。
四、阅读理解练习1. 学生独立完成阅读理解练习题，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
2. 教师点评学生的练习情况，解答疑问。
五、总结1. 教师总结本节课所学内容，强调阅读策略的重要性。
2. 学生分享自己的学习心得。
教学反思：本节课通过讲解精读技巧、案例分析、拓展阅读、阅读策略训练等环节，帮助学生掌握了精读的基本技巧和方法，提高了阅读速度和理解能力。
在今后的教学中，教师应注重培养学生的阅读兴趣，引导学生灵活运用所学技巧，提高学生的英语综合运用能力。
英语专业精读教学中学生赏析能力的培养——以“A Dill Pickle”为例
422020年36期总第528期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS英语专业精读教学中学生赏析能力的培养——以“A Dill Pickle”为例文/刘少仙精读教学在本科英语教学中的核心地位毋庸置疑，其中心任务是提升学生的阅读能力，即：理解能力，赏析能力和应用能力。
赏析能力要求学生理解文章、努力提高欣赏水平，“学会细细品味文章的思想美、修辞美、结构美、逻辑美、音韵美。
了解不同的题材、作家、时代、观点、文体和风格，关切人世间各种问题，倾听过去各种优秀人物的真知灼见”。
只有学生有了一定的赏析能力，他们才能从赏析的视角去理解原文、剖析原文、挖掘原文的言下之意和言外之意、体会文章的主题美、思想美和语言美。
赏析能力的培养如此重要，笔者却无法在知网中找到与在精读教学中培养英语专业本科生赏析能力直接相关的论文。
因此，本论文尝试以杨立明主编的《现代大学英语精读》课文“A Dill Pickle”(《一块莳萝泡菜》)为例，从英语专业精读教学的角度出发，探究如何在精读教学中培养学生的赏析能力，以期填补这一研究上的空白。
一、“课文标题”赏析“居文之首，勾文之要”是对标题在文中特殊作用的概括。
标题是一篇文章的点睛之处，是作者的神来之笔。
大凡名篇佳作都有一个好标题，它们能够成功拨动读者心弦、激发读者的阅读兴趣、引发读者的遐思。
它们或揭示中心思想、或概括主要内容、或暗示行文线索、或奠定文章基调、或明确描写对象、或交代故事发生的环境、或设置悬吸引读者……在进行英语专业的精读教学时，对文章标题美的赏析必不可少。
以“A Dill Pickle”为例。
它讲述的是女主人公Vera六年后偶遇前男友，两人坐在餐厅，回忆从前的一些往事。
男人讲述了他去俄罗斯旅行的经历，伏尔加河上的生活是那么的“随意、自由、无拘无束”，当他们在黑海边野餐时，一位友好的马车夫走过来对他们说：“来一块莳萝泡菜吧！”感受敏锐细腻的Vera 立刻在脑海里勾勒出一幅美好的画面：“尽管她不敢肯定莳萝泡菜是何物，但仿佛看到泛绿的瓶子里有一个鹦鹉嘴一样的红辣椒”。
现代大学英语精读1-第十课课后参考答案分析解析
Preview1 Listen to the recording of the text and Choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. D2. D3. D4. B Vocabulary1 Become familiar with the rule of word formation.1 Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.1. improvement2. endurance3. success4. allowance5. supply6. provision7. cultivation8. nourishment9. fulfillment10. attempt11. elimination12. refusal2 Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. garden2. fertilize3. mix4. liberate5. require6. fail7. endure8. alternate9. result10. satisfy3 Translate the following expressions. Point out which –ing form is a gerund and which apresent participle.1.一家建筑公司（gerund）2.缺少一个环节（presentparticiple）3.一个动人的故事（presentparticiple）4.阅读技能（gerund）5.一件泳衣（gerund）6.落日（present participle）7.起居（gerund）室8.睡美人（present participle）9.安眠药片（gerund）10.乏味的讲演/报告（presentparticiple）11.饮用水（gerund）12.流血的鼻子（present participle）13.藏身之处（gerund）14.太笼统/绝对的话（presentparticiple）15.狩猎的季节（gerund）16.最后的润色（gerund）17.指导原则（present participle）18.下个星期（present participle）19.颤抖的双腿（present participle）20.一张渔网（gerund）21.一根手杖（gerund）22.现有的制度（present participle）23.饮食习惯（gerund）24.（比萨）斜塔（presentparticiple）25.一个有前途的学生（presentparticiple）26.正在增长的人口（presentparticiple）4 Compare the following expressions and translate them into Chinese.1.发展中国家；发达国家2.正在落下的树叶；落下的树叶3.正在沸腾的水；开水4.正在退败的战斗；一场败仗2 Complete thefollowing verb +collocations orexpressions.1.have/get/show/produce/achieve2.have/take/accept/show/bear/assume3.discuss/debate/raise/settle/confuse/avoid4.pursue/have/develop5.have/make/lose/avoid6.face/lives/time/money/trouble7.roots/chairs/hats/coats/gloves/shoes/bandages/make-up/doubts8. land9.enemies/rivals/opponents/suspects/errors10.oil/cars/cotton/results/a movie11.care/time/money/experience/patience/courage12. thedead/treasure/past/head13.plants/children/animals/relationship 14.meetings/appointments/time/place/books/flowers/business affairs3 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the expressions listed below.1. cut out, removed/cut out, from2. provides/supplies, with3. brought back4. ask, permission5. empty6. take, in, through trial and error7. read, into8. at great length, providing, with9. in some ways, at heart4 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1. in2. up3. away4. way5. out6. up7. out8. up9. with5 Translate the following sentences into English.1. 如果他们拒绝归还这些小岛，他们两国的关系就不能完全正常化。
大学英语第三册精读所学Paraphrase详解
L11.…identity is determined by genetic endowment, shaped by environment, and influence bychance events. (para.2)Who we are is determined by three things: first, our genes, or what our parents have given us, our legacy; second, environment, and third, luck or opportunities.2.First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to takecare of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. (para.4)First, there is the independence in handling everyday life situations, which involves the ability to solve practical problems, such as how to spend money wisely, choosing their own clothes and determining what they are going to do every day.3.Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition,resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.” (para.4)Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are eager to please their parents; they sometimes fell unhappy because they think that their parent have not been fair to them; they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents.When they grow up, they usually strive for the freedom from such dependence.L21.It was a wonder to me they’d want to be seen with such a windbag. (para.6)It was surprising to me that they would spend time together with a person who talked too much like my father, yet they seemed to like it.2.An orderly riding by had told him, because the orderly knew how thick he was with Grant.(para.19)An orderly who arrived riding on a horse had told him about the news, because the orderly knew that he was a close friend of Grant’s.3.“Oh,” she said, “it’s all right. Life is never dull when my man is about.” (para.23)My mother said she never felt that life was boring when her husband was around.4.For the first time I knew that I was the son of my father. He was a story teller as I was to be.(para.41)He was a story teller. That was what I was to become later.L31.And today, at 29, he has discovered the power of another good idea that has helped him rise injust a few years from teen to tycoon. (para.4)And when he was 29 now, he has found the power of another idea that has enabled him to grow from a teenager to a rich and powerful person in computer industry.2.… he thought it might be a good idea to get high school out of the way. (para.6)…he thought it might be a good idea to finish his high school education as quickly as possible.3.Newlyweds, he figured, were the best prospects, … (para.8)He believed that the newly married people are the most likely customers.4.He also knew that holding excess inventory was costly. So he bought dealers’ surplus stock atcost. (para.11)He also knew that it was expensive to keep more products than necessary. So he bought these products of the dealer’s at the price they head bought them.5.Dell placed local advertisements offering his customized computers at 15 percent off retailprice. (para.11)Dell put advertisements in the local media and was ready to sell specially designed and made computers at a price which was 15 percent lower than the market price.6.It was time to come to grips with the magnitude of what he had created. (para.14)It was time for him to seriously deal with the size of the computer business he had created. 7.Dell still specialized in direct marketing of IBM PCs to which he added custom features.(para.22)Dell still sold IBM personal computers to which he had added special properties required by people.L71.Then the two men exchanged a sharp glance and immediately Mr. Crowther continued hisreading, while Mr. Harraby-Ribston resumed his seat and sat for a while puffing a little and with a heightened color as a result of his exertion.Then the two men looked at each other briefly and severely and immediately Mr. Crowther went on with his reading, while Mr. Harraby-Ribston went back to his seat, sat down again breathing quickly, because he had made such an effort to throw the suitcase out of the window.2.He was by nature a sociable, chatty man and he had reckoned that his action would infalliblyproduce conversation. (para.1)He was the kind of man who likes to talk and enjoys company, and had guessed that what he did would invariably start a conversation.3.His companion might conclude that the suitcase contained a corpse, in which even he wouldperhaps inform the police when they reached their destination and all sorts of troublesome and humiliating enquires would follow. (para.1)His companion might get a conclusion that there was a corps in the suitcase. In case of that, perhaps his companion would inform the police when the train arrived at the destination and then the policemen might ask him some embarrassing and shameful questions.4.Such were the thoughts that buzzed round Mr. Harraby-Ribston, robbing him of thesatisfaction and refreshment that were his due. (para.1)These thoughts were moving around quickly in Mr. Harraby-Ribston’s mind, and they took away his hope that his action would give him an interesting conversation, which he thought he deserved.5.For all his appearance of indifference, the sight of a well-to-do gentleman pitching a suitcasefrom the window of a moving train has surprised him very much. (para.2)Although he pretended to be indifferent, he was very much surprised when he saw a rich gentleman throwing a suitcase form the window of a moving train.6.The fellow was obviously counting on him for violent reaction and so Mr. Crowther made apoint of not reacting. (para.2)That chap was clearly expecting him to react violently, and therefore Mr. Crowther deliberately decided no to react, because he didn’t want to give that man this satisfaction.7.But Mr. Harraby-Ribston had reached a point at which he must either speak or burst and,preferring the former alternative, he said: “Excuse me, sir, but I must say, you surprise me.”But Mr. Harraby-Ribston could no longer remain quiet. He had to speak, or he would burst.As he naturally would rather speak than burst, he said: “Excuse me, sir, but I must say, you surprise me.”8.Clothes, hairbrushes and so on all have their associations, and associations are precisely whatI want to be rid of. (para.23)Clothes, hairbrushes and so on are all somewhat related to my marriage and will bring back memories, which I want to bury forever.9.“Quiet! Quiet! Said Mr. Harraby-Ribston, who, by now, was worked up to a dangerous pitchof excitement. (para.45)“Yes, that’s quite true!”said Mr. Harraby-Ribston, who, by now, couldn’t control his excitement at all.L81.There are no longer individuals, just victims in groups. (para.1)Human beings have no free will, they are all victims of these external causes as a group.2.As if one’s humanness were a blueprint for instinctive, reflexive reaction to situations, like therest of the animal kingdom. (para.2)As if the fact we human were a kind of detailed plan which determines how we react to situation. This reaction is instinctive and natural just like with all animals, insects and birds. 3.The 3 C’s are Character, Courage, and Conscience, without which we are merely gigantic antsinstinctively filling out biologically determined destiny. (para.4)The 3C’s are Character, Courage, and Conscience, without these qualities, we cease to be human and will be just like big ants which live out their lives in a way that is determined by their natural instincts.4.Merely sustaining life is a vegetable state. (para.17)Only managing to live in a vegetable state.5.Thoroughly living life requires initiative, risk-taking, sustained action against odds,sacrificing for ideals and for others, leaps of faith. (para.17)If you want to live a good and energetic life, you need the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do; you should be brave enough to take risks; you should take continued action against difficulties; you should be ready to lose life for ideals and you should have an instance of accepting or trusting in something that cannot be readily seen or trusted.6.Courage is to life what broth is to soup. (para.18)Courage is as important to life as broth is to soup.7.… and so we go through verbal and psychological contortions of blame and rationalizations.(para.21)In order to be excused, we often try hard to twist things and put the blame on others or try to justify our actions in various ways in our speaking as well as in our thinking.8.In this regard, pleasure is an event; happiness is a process. Pleasure is an end point; happinessis the journey. Pleasure is material; happiness is spiritual. Pleasure is self-involved; happiness is outer- and other-involved. (para.26)Relating to what we have mentioned, pleasure is something that just happens; happiness is a series of things that involved. Pleasure is a finishing point; happiness is a long process.Pleasure is something related to the real world and physical objects; happiness is something related to your spirit. Pleasure is something related to yourself; happiness is something related to others and the world.L101.He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at theroadside, … (para.1)He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, emptied his bowels like a dog at the roadside, …2.Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities andextravagances; … (para.4)If you break away from the unnatural conventions, avoid complex lives and things that are not necessary, you will enjoy a true, free life.3.They posses him. He is their slave. In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods hehas sold the only true, lasting good, his own independence. (para.4)They control him. He depends on them. In order to get a certain amount of material properties which actually have no value and will not last, he has been controlled by these things and ahs given away his own independence which is the only thing that is true and can last.4.His life’s aim was clear to him: it was “to restamp the currency”: to take the clean metal ofhuman life, to erase the old false conventional markings, and to imprint it with its true values.(para.5)He had a clear aim in life. He held that human life is like clean metal but is marked with false values and beliefs. He wanted to wipe out the false markings and print true values on it.5.He was the man of the hour, of the century; … (para.13)He was the most important and powerful person at the moment and in the century; …L111.Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actuallymodifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. (para.10)When we think of the long history of life on earth, the degree living things affect their environment has been insignificant as compared with the effect of the environment on plant and animals life.2.In this now universal contamination of the environment, chemicals are the sinister partners ofradiation in changing the very nature of the world. (para.11)The chemical pollution can now be seen everywhere. The chemicals, together with radiation both of which are considered bad and evil, are just destroying the natural world.3.Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with the atom. The chemicals arethe synthetic creations of man’s inventive mind, having no counterparts in nature. (para.13) Human beings are interfering with the structure of atoms. And one of its result is radiation which is totally unnatural. Also, human minds are creative. Chemicals are one of their artificial creations. There is no corresponding substance in nature.4.And even this, were it by some miracle possible, would be futile. (para.14)It would take some magic power to make living things adjust to these chemicals in the life of generations. Even if this were possible, it would be useless.5.These chemicals are now applied almost universally to farms, gardens, forests, and homes, …to still the song of birds and the leaping of fish, to coat the leaves with a deadly film. (para.16) The insecticides are used without any discrimination in any kind of land: farms, gardens, forests, and homes. They make birds unable to sing and fish unable to leap, and cover the leaves with a thin layer of fatal substance.6.They should not be called “insecticides,” but “biocides.” (para.16)They are not killers of insects, but rather, killers of organisms.7.We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons, without theirconsent and often without their knowledge. (para.25)By spraying insecticides on grains, vegetables and fruits, we have caused large numbers of people to absorb harmful chemicals without asking whether they would like to do so and often without letting them knowing it.L131)Through all this she lay in bed but moved across time, traveling among the dead decades witha speed and ease beyond the gift of physical science. (para.1)Every time she did this she was lying in her bed, but she let her mind wonder free through time, traveling among the decades that were past and gone very quickly, so quickly and easily that no physical science would be able to do it.2)“If they don’t like it, that’s too bad, … because that’s the way I am.” (para.13)“If they don’t like it, that’s too bad, but there is nothing I can do about it because that is my habit.”3)Determined to speak her mind, determined to have her way, determined to bend those whoopposed her. (para.14)She was determined to tell what she thought, determined to do what she wanted to, determined to convince those who disagree with her.4)… victory was not to the lazy, the timid, the drugstore cowboy, the mush-mouth afraid to tellpeople exactly what was on his mind. (para.15)… victory did not belong to those who didn’t want to work hard, who lacked self-confidence and who idled their lives away. People who liked talking in a way no one could understand were afraid to tell the truth.5)… she seemed to have broken chains that imprisoned her in a life she had come to hate and toreturn to a time inhabited by people who loved her … (para.38)…she seemed to have won new freedom and escaped from a life which made her feel restricted and would now be able to go back to the times when she was younger, much needed and loved.6)This one was written out of a childish faith in the eternal strength of parents, a naïve beliefthat age and wear could be overcome by an effort of will, that all she needed was a good pep talk to recharge a flagging spirit. (para.39)I wrote the letter because I had a naïve belief that parents were strong for ever, that theywould be able to succeed in dealing with such problems as aging and reduction in physical strength with an effort of determination and that all my mother needed now was an encouraging talk to give back her strength and energy.7)These hopeless end-of-the-line visits …made me wish I had not thrown off my own past socarelessly. …children ought to know that life is a braided cord of humanity stretching upfrom time long gone, and that it cannot be defined by the span of a single journey from diaper to shroud. (para.55)Those last visits (They were hopeless because they did not mean anything to my mother any more. She was not going to recover. And she did not even know I was there.) made me wish I had valued my past more, and had paid more attention to the world she represented …Children ought to know what made them what they are today, to know that life is a continuous process. It is like a human cord made of may people starting from a long time past continuing to the present day, and it cannot be separated or understood jus tby one person’s life. We should all cherish our roots, our heritage.。
英语专业精读教材《现代大学英语》教学探析
、
课前 对所 学文章 的背 景 了解
美 国南 加 利 福 尼 亚 大 学 的 语 言 学 教 授 Ｓｅｈｎ ｔ ｅ ｐ Ｄ Ｋａｈ 认 为 “ ． ｒｓｅ 足够 的输 入 量 和可 理 解 性 的语 言 输 入是 有效 的 语 言输 入 ， 可理 解 的输 入 只 是 一 种 噪 不 音” 。为 避免课 堂上 学 生 的语 言 输 人 太 过 突 兀 以及 对 文 章 的理 解 过 于有 限 ， 教师 应 该 建 议 学 生对 所 学
（ ｗ ｌ ｎｒ Ｍ ｎ （ Ｔ ｅ ｅ ｇ ｅ ） 精读第 三册 ２０ ｖＡ ｙ ０２年版第 五、 六课 ） 节选 自 经典作品《 十二怒汉》 此作品至今 ，
作者简介 ： 郑
虹（ ９ ８一） 女 ， １６ ， 河南 信 阳人 ， 阳农业 高等专科学校外语 系讲 师 ， 信 研究方 向为英语语言文学 。
１ ７ ０
是不 管 等 等 现 象 ， 持 不 同 观 点 的学 生 展 开辩 论 。 让 这样 结 合真实 的社 会现象 和所 学课 文 内容 的鲜 明对 比让 学 生在 辩论 中进 行 思 考 ， 无 意 识 的交 流 中 习 在
关键词 ： 教学探析 ； 语言“ 习得” 有效的输入 ； 面对英语专业的学生 ， 教师 的任务应该不是简 单地领读生词及讲解 文中出现 的语法点 ， 重点更应
放在 启迪 和 引 导 学 生 去欣 赏 佳 作 、 考 并 发 表 自己 思
独特 的见 解 。
一
笔记。教师没有给学生留思考 的余地 ， 更没 有让学 生 就某 个 问题 用 学 到 的英 语 知 识 去 发 表 自 己 的观
得语 言 。 ２ 角色 的扮 演 ．
任何昆虫 ， 不论其是 ‘ ’ ‘ ’ 好 是 坏 。使 鸟儿不再歌
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collocation:
graduation appraisal 毕业鉴定 appraisal feedback 考评反馈
例句： 1. An employer should appraise the ability of his men. 雇主应该鉴定员工的能力. 2. Self-appraisal is never easy. 进行自我评价向来很难。 2018/10/11
derivation:
mediocrity : 平庸;平凡; 庸人 mediocracy: 平庸主义;庸人统治
synonym: ordinary; medium antonym: extraordinary;extreme
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Line 48
8
dogmatic
[dɒgˈmætɪk]
adj. 教条的; 固执己见的; 武断的; derivation: dogmatism :教条主义 adj. 严厉的; 阴沉的; 嶙峋的;
4 by no means
• Meaning • not at all 当然不行；绝不是 Examples: It is by no means easy to satisfy everyone. By no means can you smoke here.
To know more: by all means 可以；没问题. —Can I sit here？ — Yes, by all means． 一定要；务必。 Come to the party by all means．
part.
Text structure
• Para 1- 6: Confucius’ attitude towards
materials( gratuties/fees/food/clothing) ,learning and his
disciples
• Para 7-17: Disciples’ influence on Confucius and his
Collocation: show no charity for 对……绝不宽容 Example: My mother often tells me that it is a virtue to look upon others with charity.
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Line 48
Lead-in
• 1、what is the writing style of this passage? ( 4 types of writing ) description
• 2、Could you divide the passage into 2 parts? And try to summarize the main idea of each
或曰∶“以德报怨，何如？”
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Line 37 “If you returned kindness for injury, and good for evil,” he replied,” what would you return for kindness and what for good? No! Recompense injury and evil with justice! Recompense kindness with kindness, good with good!” 【The initial version】 【原文】 或曰∶“以德报怨，何如？” 子曰：“何以报德？以直报怨，以德报德。” Someone said, "What do you say concerning the principle that injury should be recompensed with kindness?" The master said, "With what then will you recompense kindness?" "Recompense injury with justice, and recompense kindness with kindness.“ 2018/10/11
Not so strict
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disciples
The inquiries
• 1、(Para 8-11) ? Injury should be recompensed by kindness, that one should return good for evil?
• 2、(para 12-13)? altruism
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Collocation: bored rigid 极度无聊
Example： The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.
Line 5
2
to the effect that
• meaning • Used to refer to the general sense Examples: or meaning of something written He left a note to the effect that he would or spoken 大意是 not be return. The president made a declaration to the effect that the government would try every means to rescue the hostage To know more to no effect 毫无成效 with effect from 从……开始生效
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2
Language points
8
Line 1
1
rigid /'rɪdʒɪd/
meaning （of rule, methods）very strict and difficult to change （of a person）not willing to change their idea （of an object）stiff and difficult to move or bend derivation: n. rigidity adv. rigidly
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Line 33 “What do you say,” asked the disciple,” about the idea that injury should be recompensed by kindness, that one should return good for evil?”
Line 58
9
dour
[ˈdauə(r)]
collocation:
dour determination:固执的决定
rather dour:脸色阴沉
10
turn out to be: 结果是，原来是，证明是 turn sth. inside out: 把某处翻得乱七八糟 distinguish for: 因…而出名 Distinguish…from…: 辨别，把…与…区分开来 2018/10/11
3
the words Confucius said & Analysis of complex sentences
Line 12 Rotten wood cannot be carved, a wall of dirty earth will not receive the trowel! What is the use of my trying to teach this fellow! You cannot carve anything out of rotten wood nor plaster up wall built up of rubbish. 朽木不可雕也，粪土之墙不可圬也 【注释】 (1)粪土：腐土、脏土. (2)圬：音wū,抹墙用的抹子.这里指用抹子粉刷墙壁. 译文：腐烂的木头不可以雕刻。用脏土垒砌的墙面不堪 涂抹！
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Line 41
5
altruism
['æltruɪzəm]
n. 利他；利他主义 Collocation: pure altruism: 纯粹利他主义 ethical altruism: 伦理利他主义 altruism theory: 利他主义理论
例句： 1. Among his gifts is his capacity for true altruism.
derivation: altruistic: adj.利他的 altruistically: adv.利他地 altruist: n.爱他主义者 antonym: egoism synonym: selflessness
他的诸多优点之一就是能够真 正地乐于助人.
2. Virtue is a moral conduct , with self - sacrifice as the means of altruism.
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Line erivation: adj. charitable
meaning n. kindness and tolerance in judging others 对他人宽容
n. An organization for helping people in need 慈善机构
derivation: appraiser
Line 53
7
mediocre
[ˌmi:diˈəukə(r)]
adj. 普通的; 中等的; 平庸的
Collocation: mediocre person:庸人;俗子 mediocre minds:平凡人 merely mediocre:不过尔尔 例句： 1. A mediocre successor and a man not to be feared too greatly. 他不过是一个平平庸庸的继承 人而已,一个不足以大惊小怪 的人物. 2. Sensitive souls were writing mediocre romances. 敏感的人们都在写平淡无奇的 传奇故事.