第五次月考试卷及答案
2022~2023年高三上册第五次月考物理试卷(江西省南昌市安义中学)

选择题2019年4月24日亚洲田径锦标赛男子110米栏决赛中,中国选手谢文骏发挥出色,跑出13秒21夺得冠军。
打破了刘翔在2011年创下的13秒22赛会纪录,同时也是这个项目今年的世界最好成绩。
关于谢文骏的运动过程分析正确的是()A.在冲线时可以将谢文俊当成质点B.由题意可以求出谢文俊跑动过程中的平均速度C.运动过程中地面对运动员的冲量为零D.谢文俊在加速过程中,惯性逐渐增大【答案】B【解析】A.当物体的形状和大小对所研究的问题没有影响时,物体就可以看成质点,冲线时,运动员的头部、脚部等部位过线,即表示冲线成功,故此时不能看作质点,故A错误;B.位移为110m,时间为13s22,故平均速度故B正确;C.由冲量定义式可知,运动过程中,地面提供支持力和摩擦力,有作用时间,所以冲量不为零,故C错误;D.惯性取决于物体的质量,质量一定,惯性一定,故D错误。
故选B。
选择题下列各图,关于各图受力情况说法正确的是()A.甲图中原木P在MN两点各受一个弹力,且均竖直向上B.乙图中BC杆对绳子的弹力一定由B指向CC.丙图中铁块所受重力可以分解为下滑力和对斜面的压力D.丁图中弹簧一定处于压缩状态【答案】D【解析】A.甲图,在M点的弹力方向垂直地面向上,在N点的弹力方向垂直杆向上,故A错误;B.乙图中BC杆斜插入墙壁,则BC杆对绳子的作用力与两侧绳的拉力的合力平衡,方向不一定由B指向C,故B错误;C.丙图中铁块受重力、斜面的支持力和摩擦力而平衡,只受一个弹力,故C错误;D.弹簧对小球的弹力只能沿弹簧的轴线方向,由平衡条件知,弹簧对小球弹力沿弹簧向右,故D正确。
故选:D。
选择题如图所示,水平传送带在电动机带动下始终保持以速度v匀速运动,某时刻一质量为m的物块轻放在传送带的左端。
在物块放上传送带到物块与传送带相对静止的过程中,下列说法正确的是()A.皮带对物块所做的功为B.物块对皮带所做的功为C.由于传送该物块电动机需要多做的功为D.物块与传送带间摩擦因素越大,系统产热越多【答案】C【解析】物块相对传送带静止时物块的速度等于传送带速度v;A.对物块,由动能定理得皮带对物块所做的功为,故A错误;B.设经过时间t物块与皮带速度相等,物块的位移皮带的位移:皮带对物块做功物块对皮带做功故B错误;C.由于传送该物块电动机需要多做的功等于皮带克服摩擦力所做的功,即为故C正确;D.电动机多做的功转化成了物体的动能和系统的内能,所以系统产生的热量为与动摩擦因数无关,故D错误。
2023-2024学年安徽省县中联盟高二(下)第五次月考数学试卷(含答案)

2023-2024学年安徽省县中联盟高二(下)第五次月考数学试卷一、单选题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分。
在每小题给出的选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知空间向量a =(1,−3,μ),b =(λ,−6,8),且a ,b 共线,则λ=( )A. −2B. 2C. −4D. 42.已知等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,若a 2+a 5+a 8=27,则S 9=( )A. 33B. 54C. 64D. 813.曲线f(x)=xlnx 在x =e −2处的切线方程为( )A. y =−x−3e −2B. y =−x +3e −2C. y =−x−e −2D. y =−x +e −24.手机电池随着日常使用其寿命缩短,是消耗品,某种型号手机的电池寿命ξ(单位:年)服从正态分布,使用寿命不少于3年的概率为0.8,使用寿命不少于5年的概率为0.2.某人买了该型号手机,则手机电池使用寿命不少于4年的概率为( )A. 0.8B. 0.7C. 0.5D. 0.25.在直三棱柱ABC−A 1B 1C 1中,AB =AC ,△ABC 重心为点G ,棱B 1C 1的中点为M ,设AB =a ,AC =b ,AA 1=c ,则MG =( )A. −13a +16b +cB. −16a +16b−cC. 16a−16b−cD. −16a−16b−c 6.从数字1,2,3中随机取一个数字,取到的数字为n(n =1,2,3),再从数字1,⋯,n 中随取一个数字,则第二次取到数字2的概率为( )A. 518 B. 718 C. 1118 D. 13187.设O 为坐标原点,双曲线x 2a 2−y 2b 2=1(a >0,b >0)的焦距为4,其左、右焦点分别为F 1、F 2,点P 在C 上,∠F 1PF 2=π3,|OP|=2 2,则双曲线的离心率为( )A. 2 B. 3 C. 2 D. 2 38.在平面直角坐标系中,有许多边长为1的正方形网格,一质点从坐标原点(0,0)开始,沿着正方形对角线向右上方或右下方随机跳动,跳动一次运动路程为 2,若质点跳动不跨越x 轴到第四象限且跳动8次后落在点(8,0)处(如图给出了质点的一种运动路径),则不同的跳动路径的种数为( )A. 10B. 14C. 16D. 20二、多选题:本题共3小题,共18分。
【精准解析】西藏拉萨中学2021届高三上学期第五次月考地理试卷

拉萨中学高三年级第五次月考地理试卷一、单选题(每小题4分,共11小题,共计44分。
)脸书公司(Facebook)在世界各地建设了10多个大型数据中心,这些大型数据中心占地面积大,需要消耗大量电力为服务器降温。
位于瑞典吕勒奥市的Facebook大数据中心是在当地关闭的一家大型印刷厂基础上改造而成的。
读图,完成下面小题。
1. 原印刷厂主要生产报纸和杂志,推测其关闭的主要原因是A. 造纸原料减少B. 市场需求减小C. 印制技术落后D. 劳动力不足2. 吕勒奥建设大型数据中心的主要优势条件是①寒冷的自然环境②充足的廉价水电③便捷的海上运输④可用的废弃厂房A. ①②③B. ②③④C. ①②④D. ①③④3. 数据中心运转过程中对当地自然环境的影响主要是A. 排放废水多B. 噪声污染大C. 放射性污染D. 释放废热多【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】【1题详解】根据材料分析,原造纸厂主要生产报纸和杂志用纸,主要用于报刊和杂志等方面,由于网络媒体的兴起,导致对纸张的需求下降,进而关闭原造纸厂。
故选B。
【2题详解】读图,该地位于高纬度地区,寒冷的自然环境使得大数据中心制冷费用低,①正确;图示大数据中心有河流流经,上游有水电站,水电资源丰富,为大数据中心提供了充足的电力保障,②正确;此处海上交通便利,属于图示区域共有的优势条件,③错误;该地可利用原造纸厂的废弃厂房进行改建,节约建设成本,④正确。
故选C。
【3题详解】数据中心转运主要靠计算机支持,计算机服务器运行时,将需要大量的能源支持并会产生大量的废热,而排放废水、噪声污染、放射性污染不是主要影响。
故D正确,A、B、C错误。
故选D。
【点睛】大数据中心消耗的电力主要用于机房空调运行,为设备降温。
轨道交通TOD模式是以轨道交通(地铁、轻轨等)作为城市交通系统的主要方式,将轨道交通与城市用地方式紧密结合,以轨道站点为中心,400-800m(5-10分钟步行路程)为半径建立集商业等为一体的城区,实现土地集约化利用,引导城市空间布局的拓展。
2019届江西省九年级上学期第五次月考生物试卷【含答案及解析】

2019届江西省九年级上学期第五次月考生物试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________一、选择题1. 用显微镜观察洋葱表皮细胞,第一次使用的目镜是5X、物镜是10X,第二次使用的目镜是10X、物镜是40X。
那么与第一次观察到的情况相比较,第二次的(_________ )A.视野更亮、细胞数目更多功能B.视野更亮、细胞数目更少C.视野更暗、细胞数目更多D.视野更暗、细胞数目更少2. 在干旱的沙漠里,仙人掌的叶变成叶刺,茎膨大兼有储水的功能,其表皮细胞呈绿色,可代替叶进行光合作用,根深深插向地的深处。
生物学上称此现象为()A、适应性B、应激性C、遗传性D、变异性3. “一山不容二虎”是指在同种生物之间存在着(________ )关系A、捕食________B、互利共生C、竞争________D、种内斗争4. 下列节肢动物中,属于昆虫的是 (___________ )A B_____________________________________ C D5. 下列不含消化酶的消化液是 (___________ )A、胆汁______________B、胃液______________C、肠液____________________D、唾液6. 右图是正常人肾小管内某种物质的含量变化曲线示意图,该物质是(___________ )A、尿素___________B、无机盐______________C、葡萄糖______________D、水7. 右图表示某生态系统生物部分各组成成分相互依存关系图,以下不合理的选项是()A、甲是生产者________B、丙不是消费者C、丁是分解者________D、根据吃与被吃的关系只有1条食物链8. 流程图可用来表示连续发生的一系列的生理活动,以下流程图正确的是()A、人的吸气过程:胸廓扩大→肺扩张→外界气压>肺内气压→气体入肺B、人体肺循环途径:右心室→肺静脉→肺部毛细血管→肺动脉→左心房C、尿素排出体外的主要过程:血液→肾小球→肾小管→肾小囊→尿液→体外D、胎儿在母体子宫内获得营养的途径:母体→脐带→胎盘→胎儿9. 皮肤感染后会发炎化脓,从伤口流出的浓液其主要成分是()A.死亡的白细胞_________B.死亡的红细胞C.死亡的血小板_________D.死亡的表皮细胞10. 生活在海底的比目鱼的体色能随着环境的变化而变化,这种行为对于比目鱼来说()A.属于先天性行为______________B.有利于逃避敌害C.有利于保护自己______________D.以上三项都对11. 如图所示曲线不能正确表示的是()A 、该曲线可表示某封闭草原生态系统中,大量捕杀狼后,一段时间内鹿的数量变化B 、该曲线可表示在一定温度范围内,唾液淀粉酶对淀粉的消化能力的变化C 、若该曲线可表示某温室一天内二氧化碳浓度的变化,则b点表示傍晚时分D 、若该曲线可表示人体呼吸过程中肺泡容积的变化,则在ab段时,人体肋间肌、膈肌处于收缩状态,且膈顶部下降12. 鸡蛋中可以发育成小鸡的结构叫做()A.胚胎_________B.卵黄_________C.卵白_________D.胚盘13. 在呼吸过程的哪一环节.使动脉血变成了静脉血()A肺的通气___________________________________ B.肺泡内的气体交换C.气体在血液中的运输_________D.组织里的气体交换14. 储存粮食时,为了降低其呼吸作用,应保持的条件是()A.潮湿,适当增加氧气浓度B.潮湿,适当增加二氧化碳浓度C.干燥,适当增加氧气浓度D.干燥,适当增加二氧化碳浓度15. 下列消化液中,对淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪都有消化作用的是()A.唾液和胃液___________ B.肠液和胰液C.胆汁和胰液______________D.胃液和胰液二、填空题16. 下图是桃花的剖面图,请根据图回答下列问题:(1)雄蕊_______(填序号)里的花粉落到雌蕊柱头上的过程,叫做______________ 。
天津市第一中学2024届高三第五次月考数学试卷(含答案与解析)_1189

天津一中2024届高三年级第五次月考试卷数 学本试卷总分150分,考试用时120分钟.注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效.3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回. 一.选择题(本大题共9小题,每小题5分,共45分)1. 已知集合{}1,2,3,4,5U =,{}1,2A =,{}1,0,2,3B =-,则()UB A ⋃=ð( )A. {}3B. {}0,2,3,4,5C. {}1,0,2,3,4,5-D. {}2,3,4,52. 已知n 为正整数,则“22n n ≥”是“3n =”的( ) A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件3. 已知4log 2a =,e12b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,12πc =,则( )A. a b c >>B. b a c >>C. c b a >>D. c a b >>4. 已知函数()f x 的部分图象如下图所示,则()f x 的解析式可能是( )A ()2e ln e 1x xx f x ⋅=-B. ()21sin x f x x +=C. ()22e ex xx f x -+=- D. ()e 1cos e 1x x f x x +=⋅-.5. 已知各项均为正数的数列{}n a 前n 项和为n S ,11a =,211lg lg lg2n n n a a -++=,*n ∈N ,则9S =( ) A. 511B. 61C. 41D. 96. 在一段时间内,分5次测得某种商品价格x (万元)和需求量()t y 之间的一组数据,绘制散点图如图所示,利用最小二乘法求得相应的经验回归方程为ˆ28.111.5yx =-,根据上述信息,如下判断正确的是( )价格x 1.4 1.6 1.822.2 需求量y12 10 7m3A. 商品的价格和需求量存在正相关关系B. y 与x 不具有线性相关关系C. 6m =D. 价格定为1.9万元,预测需求量大约为6.25t7. 已知AB ,CD 分别是圆台上、下底面圆直径,且AB CD ⊥,若圆台上底面圆直径为2,下底面圆直径为8,母线长为5,则三棱锥A BCD -的体积为( ) A283B.323C. 14D. 188. 已知双曲线()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的左右焦点记为1F ,2F 且124F F =,直线l 过2F 且与该双曲线的一条渐近线平行,记l 与双曲线的交点为P ,若所得12PF F △的内切圆半径恰为3b,则此双曲线的方程为( )A. 2213y x -=B. 2213x y -=C. 22122x y -=D. 22331210x y -=9. 已知函数()()sin cos ,0f x x a x x ωωω=+∈>R 的最大值为2,其部分图象如图所示,则下列判断错误的是( )的的.A. a ω⋅=B. 函数π6f x ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭为奇函数 C. 若函数()f x 在区间(]0,m 上至少有4个零点,则11π6m ≥ D. ()f x 在区间ππ,36⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭上单调递增 二.填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分)10. 已知i 为虚数单位,化简1i1i-+的结果为______.11. 在6x ⎛+ ⎝的展开式中,3x 项的系数为______.12. 已知抛物线()220y px p =>,经过抛物线上一点()1,2的切线截圆()()22:40C x a y a -+=>的弦长为a 的值为______.13. 市场上某种产品由甲、乙、丙三个厂商供应且甲、乙、丙三家产品市场占比为2:3:5由长期的经验可知,三家产品的正品率分别为0.9,0.9,0.8,将三家产品按照市场比例混合在一起.从中任取一件,则此产品为正品的概率______;若在市场上随机购买两件产品,则这两件产品中恰有一个是正品的概率为______.14. 在ABC 中,2AB =,4AC =,60BAC ∠=︒,AB a =,AC b = ,若13AMAC = ,13BH BM = ,则AH = ______(用a ,b表示);若P 是AC 上一动点,过P 分别做PF BC ⊥交BC 于F ,PE AB ⊥交AB 于E ,则()PE PF PA +⋅的最小值是______.15. 若方程0x x a k -+=在区间[]0,2上有解,其中44a -+≤<,则实数k 的取值范围为______.(结果用a 表示)三.解答题(本大题共5小题,共75分)16. 在△ABC 中,内角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别是a ,b ,c ,已知2cos 3cos23A A -=. (1)求cos A 的值;(2)若△ABC 为锐角三角形,3b =,2c =, (ⅰ)求a 值;(ⅱ)求()sin 2A C -的值.17. 如图,已知多面体111ABC A B C -,1A A ,1B B ,1C C 均垂直于平面ABC ,120ABC ∠=︒,14A A =,11C C =,12AB BC B B ===.(1)求证:1AB ⊥平面111A B C ;(2)求直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成角的正弦值; (3)求点A 到平面111A B C 的距离.18. 已知椭圆()222210x y a b a b+=>>左右焦点为1F ,2F ,A 是上顶点,B是右顶点,2AB AF =.(1)求椭圆的离心率;(2)当13BF =+时,直线l 与椭圆相切于第二象限的点D ,与y 轴正半轴相交于点M ,直线AB 与直线l 相交于点H ,H '为H 在x 轴上投影,若3DHB HH S MO'=V (DHB S 表示DHB △的面积,O 为坐标原点),求直线l 的方程.19. 已知数列{}n a 是等差数列,2516a a +=,534a a -=,数列{}n b 的前n 项和为n S ,且22=-n n S b ,(1)求数列{}n a 和{}n b 的通项公式;的(2)若集合1|nn i i *M n b a λ=⎧⎫=∈<⎨⎬⎩⎭∑N 中恰有四个元素,求实数λ的取值范围;(3)设数列{}n c 满足1,,n n n b n b b n +⎧=⎨⎩为奇数为偶数,{}n c 的前n 项和为n T ,证明:12111118846nn k k T =-⨯<<∑. 20. 已知0m >,函数()1emx f x x -=-,()()ln 1x g x f x x m+=-+. (1)若函数()f x 的最小值是0,求实数m 的值;(2)已知曲线()y f x =在点()()1,1f 处切线的纵截距为正数. (ⅰ)证明:函数()g x 恰有两个零点; (ⅱ)证明:()11mmg x m m->-.参考答案一.选择题(本大题共9小题,每小题5分,共45分)1. 已知集合{}1,2,3,4,5U =,{}1,2A =,{}1,0,2,3B =-,则()UB A ⋃=ð( )A. {}3B. {}0,2,3,4,5C. {}1,0,2,3,4,5-D. {}2,3,4,5【答案】C 【解析】【分析】先求U A ð,再根据并集运算求解.【详解】由题意可得:{}3,4,5U A =ð,所以()U B A ⋃=ð{}1,0,2,3,4,5-. 故选:C.2. 已知n 为正整数,则“22n n ≥”是“3n =”的( ) A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据题意结合充分、必要条件分析判断.【详解】若“22n n ≥”,不能推出3n =,例如2n =,即充分性不成立; 若“3n =”,则29,28n n ==,可得22n n ≥,即必要性成立;综上所述:“22n n ≥”是“3n =”的必要不充分条件. 故选:B.3. 已知4log 2a =,e12b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,12πc =,则( )A. a b c >>B. b a c >>C. c b a >>D. c a b >>【答案】D 【解析】【分析】利用换底公式计算a ,利用指数函数单调性判断b ,c 即可得答案.【详解】因为242log 21log 2log 42a ===,e 2111224b ⎛⎫⎛⎫=<= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,102ππ1c =>=, 所以c a b >>. 故选:D4. 已知函数()f x 的部分图象如下图所示,则()f x 的解析式可能是( )A. ()2e ln e 1x xx f x ⋅=-B. ()21sin x f x x +=C. ()22e ex xx f x -+=- D. ()e 1cos e 1x x f x x +=⋅-【答案】A 【解析】【分析】利用排除法,根据题意结合函数定义域以及函数值的符号分析判断. 【详解】由题意可知:()f x 的定义域为{}|0x x ≠,故B 错误; 当0x >,()f x 先正后负,则有:对于C :因为2e 1e ,20x x x -<<+>,则e e 0x x --<,可知()220e e x xx f x -+=<-,故C 错误;对于D :因为e 1x>,则e 10e 1x x +>-,但cos x 的符号周期性变化,故D 错误;故选:A.5. 已知各项均为正数的数列{}n a 前n 项和为n S ,11a =,211lg lg lg2n n n a a -++=,*n ∈N ,则9S =( ) A. 511 B. 61 C. 41 D. 9【答案】A 【解析】【分析】由对数运算可知2112n n n a a -+=,分析可知数列{}n a 的奇项、偶项均构成公比为4的等比数列,利用分组求和以及等比数列求和公式运算求解. 【详解】因为2111lg lg lg lg 2n n n n n a a a a -+++==,可得2112n n n a a -+=,则21122n n n a a +++=,可得24n na a +=, 可知数列{}n a 的奇项、偶项均构成公比为4的等比数列, 且数列{}n a 的各项均为正数,11a =,且122a a =,可得22a =,所以()()()459135792468214145111414S a a a a a a a a a --=++++++++=+=--.故选:A.6. 在一段时间内,分5次测得某种商品的价格x (万元)和需求量()t y 之间的一组数据,绘制散点图如图所示,利用最小二乘法求得相应的经验回归方程为ˆ28.111.5yx =-,根据上述信息,如下判断正确的是()价格x 1.4 1.6 1.822.2 需求量y12 10 7m3A. 商品的价格和需求量存在正相关关系B. y 与x 不具有线性相关关系C. 6m =D. 价格定为1.9万元,预测需求量大约为6.25t【答案】D 【解析】【分析】由散点图判断A ,根据回归直线方程判断B ,求出x ,y ,根据回归直线方程必过样本中心点求出m ,令 1.9x =求出 y ,即可判断D.【详解】由散点图可知,商品的价格和需求量存在负相关关系,故A 错误;由经验回归方程ˆ28.111.5yx =-,可知y 与x 具有线性相关关系,故A 错误; 又 1.4 1.6 1.82 2.2 1.85x ++++==,1210733255m my +++++==,又经验回归直线方程ˆ28.111.5yx =-必过样本中心点(),x y , 则3228.111.5 1.85m+=-⨯,解得5m =,故C 错误; 当 1.9x =时, 28.111.5 1.9 6.25y =-⨯=,所以价格定为1.9万元,预测需求量大约为6.25t ,故D 正确. 故选:D .7. 已知AB ,CD 分别是圆台上、下底面圆的直径,且AB CD ⊥,若圆台上底面圆直径为2,下底面圆直径为8,母线长为5,则三棱锥A BCD -的体积为( ) A.283B.323C. 14D. 18【答案】B 【解析】【分析】由题意可得:圆台的高124O O =,可证CD ⊥平面2O AB ,结合锥体的体积公式运算求解. 【详解】设圆台上、下底面圆的圆心分别为12,O O ,为如图所示:可知圆台的高124O O ==,因为12,O O CD AB CD ⊥⊥,且121O O AB O =I ,12,O O AB ⊂平面2O AB , 可知CD ⊥平面2O AB ,所以三棱锥A BCD -的体积为1132824323A BCD V -=⨯⨯⨯⨯=. 故选:B.8. 已知双曲线()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的左右焦点记为1F ,2F 且124F F =,直线l 过2F 且与该双曲线的一条渐近线平行,记l 与双曲线的交点为P ,若所得12PF F △的内切圆半径恰为3b,则此双曲线的方程为( )A. 2213y x -=B. 2213x y -=C. 22122x y -=D. 22331210x y -=【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据给定条件探求出12PF F △的内切圆圆心坐标,借助点到直线距离公式计算可得2c a =,结合124F F =求,,a b c ,即可得方程.【详解】设双曲线22221x y a b-=半焦距为c ,则12(,0),(,0)F c F c -,由对称性不妨令与l 平行的渐近线为by x a=, 直线l 方程为:()by x c a=-,即0bx ay bc --=, 设12PF F △的内切圆O '与12PF F △三边相切的切点分别为0(,0)A x ,B,C , 如图所示,的则1212||||||||(||||)PF PF PC CF PB BF -=+-+()()1200022AF AF x c c x x a =-=+--==, 即0x a =,而AO x '⊥轴,圆O '半径为3b ,则(,)3b O a '-, 点O '到直线l3b =,整理得|43|a c c -=, 且c a >,解得2c a =,又因为1224F F c ==,可得2221,2,3a c b c a ===-=,所以双曲线的方程为2213y x -=.故选:A.9. 已知函数()()sin cos ,0f x x a x x ωωω=+∈>R 的最大值为2,其部分图象如图所示,则下列判断错误的是( )A. a ω⋅=B. 函数π6f x ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭为奇函数 C. 若函数()f x 在区间(]0,m 上至少有4个零点,则11π6m ≥ D. ()f x 在区间ππ,36⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭上单调递增【答案】D 【解析】【分析】利用辅助角公式化简函数解析式,再根据函数的最大值及()00f >求出a ,由π14f ⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭求出ω的取值,再根据周期确定ω的值,即可得到函数解析式,即可判断A ,根据图象变换结合奇偶性判断B ;根据题意以π23x +为整体,结合正弦函数性质分析判断CD.【详解】因为()()sin cos f x x a x x ωωωϕ=+=+(其中sin ϕ=cos ϕ=,2=,且0a >,解得a =则()πsin 2sin 3f x x x x ωωω⎛⎫==+⎪⎝⎭, 又因为πππ2sin 1443f ω⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,即ππ1sin 432ω⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭, 结合图象可知ππ5π2π,436k k ω+=+∈Z ,解得28,k k ω=+∈Z , 且π,024T ω>>,则2ππ2ω>,解得04ω<<,所以0,2k ω==,可知a ω=,故A 正确; 所以()π2sin 23f x x ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭, 对于选项B :πππ2sin 22sin 2663f x x x ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-+= ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦为奇函数,故B 正确; 对于选项C :因为(]0,x m ∈,则πππ2,2333x m ⎛⎤+∈+ ⎥⎝⎦, 由题意可得:π24π3m +≥,解得11π6m ≥,故C 正确; 对于选项D :因为ππ,36x ⎛⎫∈-⎪⎝⎭,则ππ2π2,333x ⎛⎫+∈- ⎪⎝⎭,且sin y x =在π2π,33⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭内不单调,所以()f x 在区间ππ,36⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭上不单调,故D 错误; 故选:D.【点睛】方法点睛:函数()sin y A x ωϕ=+的解析式的确定: (1)A 由最值确定; (2)ω由周期确定;(3)ϕ由图象上的特殊点确定.提醒:根据“五点法”中的零点求ϕ时,一般先根据图象的升降分清零点的类型.二.填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分)10. 已知i 为虚数单位,化简1i1i-+的结果为______. 【答案】i - 【解析】【分析】根据题意结合复数的除法运算求解即可.【详解】由题意可得:()()()21i 1ii 1i 1i 1i --==-++-. 故答案为:i -.11. 在6x ⎛+ ⎝的展开式中,3x 项的系数为______.【答案】15 【解析】【分析】根据二项式定理可得通项为36216C rr Tx-+=,令3632r -=,运算求解即可.【详解】因为6x ⎛+ ⎝的展开式通项为3662166C C ,0,1,2,,6rr r r r r T x x r --+===⋅⋅⋅, 令3632r -=,解得2r =, 所以3x 项的系数为2615C =. 故答案为:15.12. 已知抛物线()220y px p =>,经过抛物线上一点()1,2的切线截圆()()22:40C x a y a -+=>的弦长为a 的值为______. 【答案】1 【解析】【分析】由题意可得:24y x =,设切线方程()21x m y =-+,结合相切可得1m =,根据垂径定理结合弦长关系列式求解即可.【详解】因为抛物线()220y px p =>过点()1,2,则24p =,可得24y x =,显然切线斜率不为0,设切线方程为()2112x m y my m =-+=+-,联立方程2124x my m y x=+-⎧⎨=⎩,消去x 得()244210y my m -+-=,则()21616210m m ∆=--=,解得1m =,可得切线方程为1x y =-,即10x y -+=,又因为圆()()22:40C x a y a -+=>的圆心(),0C a ,半径2r =,则圆心(),0C a 到直线10x y -+=的距离d =,由题意可得:2222+=,解得1a =.故答案为:1.13. 市场上某种产品由甲、乙、丙三个厂商供应且甲、乙、丙三家产品市场占比为2:3:5由长期的经验可知,三家产品的正品率分别为0.9,0.9,0.8,将三家产品按照市场比例混合在一起.从中任取一件,则此产品为正品的概率______;若在市场上随机购买两件产品,则这两件产品中恰有一个是正品的概率为______. 【答案】 ①. 0.85##1720 ②. 0.255##51200【解析】【分析】设相应事件,结合全概率公式求此产品为正品概率;并结合独立重复性事件的概率公式求恰有一个是正品的概率.【详解】记任取一件,此产品由甲、乙、丙三个厂商供应分别为事件123,,A A A ,此产品为正品为事件B , 由题意可知:()()()()()()1231230.2,0.3,0.5,|0.9,|0.9,|0.8P A P A P A P B A P B A P B A ======, 可得()()()()()()()112233|||0.85P B P B A P A P B A P A P B A P A =++=, 所以此产品为正品的概率为0.85;的这两件产品中恰有一个是正品的概率为()20.8510.850.255⨯⨯-=. 故答案为:0.85;0.255. 14. 在ABC 中,2AB =,4AC =,60BAC ∠=︒,AB a =,AC b = ,若13AMAC = ,13BH BM = ,则AH = ______(用a ,b表示);若P 是AC 上一动点,过P 分别做PF BC ⊥交BC 于F ,PE AB ⊥交AB 于E ,则()PE PF PA +⋅的最小值是______.【答案】 ①. 2139a b + ②. 14-##0.25-【解析】【分析】根据平面向量线性运算法则计算出AH,利用余弦定理求出BC ,即可得到AB BC ⊥,设D 为AB 的中点,则()21PE PF PA PD =+⋅- ,再求出min PD ,即可得解.【详解】依题意()1133AH AB BH AB BM AB AM AB =+=+=+-2133AB AM =+21121213333939AB AC AB AC a b =+⨯=+=+ ;因为2AB =,4AC =,60BAC ∠=︒,由余弦定理BC ===, 所以222AB BC AC +=,所以AB BC ⊥,则四边形PEBF 为矩形,则PE PF PB +=,设D 为AB 的中点,则()()()PB PD P D E PF P P B DA A PA D +⋅⋅⋅==++()()2221PD DB D PD PD D DB P B =⋅+-=-=- ,当PD AC ⊥时PD取得最小值,且最小值为sin AD BAC ∠=,所以221114PD -≥-=- , 即()PE PF PA +⋅ 的最小值是14-.故答案为:2139a b + ;14-15. 若方程0x x a k -+=在区间[]0,2上有解,其中44a -+≤<,则实数k 的取值范围为______.(结果用a 表示)【答案】2,04a ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦【解析】【分析】把方程0x x a k -+=在区间[]0,2上有解,转化为函数()22,,x ax x af x x ax x a⎧-≥=⎨-+<⎩的图象与直线y k =-在区间[]0,2上有交点,根据函数单调性,分类讨论分别求出最值求解即可.【详解】因为方程0x x a k -+=,即x x a k -=-在区间[]0,2上有解,设函数()22,,x ax x af x x x a x ax x a⎧-≥=-=⎨-+<⎩,则函数()f x 的图象与直线y k =-在区间[]0,2上有交点.因为44a -+≤<,所以0222a<-+≤<, 所以函数()f x 在0,2a ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增,在,2a a ⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦上单调递减,在(),a ∞+上单调递增. 当24a ≤<时,在区间[]0,2上,()2max24a af x f ⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭,()()min 00f x f ==,则204a k ≤-≤,解得204a k -≤≤.当42a -+≤<时,因为()()00f f a ==,224a af ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,()242f a =-.令2424a a =-,解得4a =-±,又42a -+≤<,所以2424a a ≥-,则204a k ≤-≤,解得204a k -≤≤,综上,实数k 的取值范围为2,04a ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦. 故答案为:2,04a ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦. 【点睛】关键点点睛:本题解答的关键是将问题转化为函数()22,,x ax x af x x ax x a ⎧-≥=⎨-+<⎩的图象与直线y k =-在区间[]0,2上有交点,分类讨论得到()f x 的最值,即可求出k 的取值范围.三.解答题(本大题共5小题,共75分)16. 在△ABC 中,内角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别是a ,b ,c ,已知2cos 3cos23A A -=. (1)求cos A 的值;(2)若△ABC 为锐角三角形,3b =,2c =,(ⅰ)求a 的值;(ⅱ)求()sin 2A C -的值. 【答案】(1)1cos 3A =或cos 0A =(2)(ⅰ)3;【解析】【分析】(1)根据题意,利用二倍角余弦公式化简求解; (2)(ⅰ)由题意可知:1cos 3A =,利用余弦定理分析求解;(ⅱ)由1cos 3A =结合倍角公式求sin2,cos 2A A ,利用正弦定理可得sin C =,结合两角和差公式运算求解.【小问1详解】由题可得()22cos 32cos 13A A --=,即23cos cos 0A A -=, 解得1cos 3A =或cos 0A =. 【小问2详解】因为△ABC 为锐角三角形,则1cos 3A =, 由余弦定理可得22212cos 9423293a b c bc A =+-=+-⨯⨯⨯=,即3a =;因为1cos 3A =,且π0,2A ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,则sin A ==,可得227sin22sin cos 2cos sin 9A A A A A A ===-=-由正弦定理可得sin sin a c A C =,则sin sin c A C a ==,且π0,2C ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,则7cos 9C ==,所以()sin 2sin 2cos cos 2sin A C A C A C -=-=. 17. 如图,已知多面体111ABC A B C -,1A A ,1B B ,1C C 均垂直于平面ABC ,120ABC ∠=︒,14A A =,11C C =,12AB BC B B ===.(1)求证:1AB ⊥平面111A B C ;(2)求直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成角的正弦值; (3)求点A 到平面111A B C 的距离. 【答案】(1)证明见解析(2(3) 【解析】【分析】(1)首先取AC 的中点O ,11A C 的中点D ,连接OD ,OB ,以O 为原点,,,OB OC OD 分别为,,x y x 轴建系,再利用向量法证明即可;(2)求出平面1ABB 的法向量,利用空间向量法求出线面角的正弦值; (3)利用空间向量法求出点到平面的距离. 【小问1详解】取AC 的中点O ,11A C 的中点D ,连接OD ,OB . 因为120ABC ∠=︒,2AB BC ==,所以AC ==,BO AC ⊥,又因为1A A ,1B B ,1C C 均垂直于平面ABC ,11////DO AA CC , 所以DO ⊥平面ABC ,以O 为原点,,,OB OC OD 分别为,,x y x 轴建立空间直角坐标系,如图所示:则()0,A ,()1,0,0B ,()11,0,2B,()10,4A,()1C ,()12AB =,()112A B =-,()110,3A C =-.设平面111A B C 的法向量(),,n x y z = ,则1111=0=0n A B n A C ⎧⋅⎪⎨⋅⎪⎩ ,即2030x z z ⎧+-=⎪⎨-=⎪⎩,令y =,得()2n = , 所以1//n AB ,又1AB ⊄平面111A B C ,所以1AB ⊥平面111A B C ; 【小问2详解】因为()1=AC,()1=2AB ,()1=0,0,2BB,设平面1ABB 的法向量(),,m a b c = ,则11=0=0m AB m BB ⎧⋅⎪⎨⋅⎪⎩ ,即2020a c c ⎧+=⎪⎨=⎪⎩,令1b =,得()m = ,设直线1AC 与平面1ABB 所成角为θ,则11sin AC m AC m θ⋅===⋅ , 所以直线1AC 与平面1ABB. 【小问3详解】因为平面111A B C的法向量为()2n =,()10,0,4AA = ,所以点A 到平面111A B C的距离1n AA d n ⋅===.18. 已知椭圆()222210x y a b a b+=>>左右焦点为1F ,2F ,A 是上顶点,B是右顶点,2AB AF =.(1)求椭圆的离心率;(2)当13BF =+时,直线l 与椭圆相切于第二象限的点D ,与y 轴正半轴相交于点M ,直线AB 与直线l 相交于点H ,H '为H 在x 轴上投影,若3DHB HH S MO'=V (DHB S 表示DHB △的面积,O 为坐标原点),求直线l 的方程. 【答案】(1(2)250x y -+= 【解析】【分析】(1)根据题意可得相应坐标,结合长度关系可得249b a =,即可得离心率;(2)设()0000,,0,0D x y x y ,分析可知直线l 的方程为00194x x y y+=,求相应点的坐标,结合面积关系列式求解即可. 【小问1详解】由题意可知:()1,0F c -,()2,0F c ,()0,A b ,(),0B a ,则2ABAF ==,整理得249b a =,所以椭圆的离心率c e a ===. 【小问2详解】 由(1)可知:c =,则13BF a c a =+=+=,解得3,2a c b ===, 可知椭圆方程为22194x y +=,直线:132x y AB +=,设()0000,,0,0D x y x y ,则2200194x y +=,对于直线00194x x y y+=,可知点()00,D x y 在该直线上, 联立方程0022194194x x y yx y ⎧+=⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩,解得00x x y y =⎧⎨=⎩, 可知直线00194x x y y +=与椭圆切于点()00,D x y ,即直线l 的方程为00194x x y y+=, 令0x =,解得04y y =,即040,M y ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭, 令0y =,解得09x x =,即090,E x ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭, 联立方程00132194x yx x y y ⎧+=⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩,解得()()000000363234323y x x y x y x y ⎧-=⎪-⎪⎨-⎪=⎪-⎩,即()()()00000000036343363,,,0232323y x y H H x y x y x y ⎛⎫⎛⎫---⎪⎪---⎝⎝'⎭⎭, 可得()()0000000012333323423x y x HH x y MO x y y -'--==-, 且()()0000000000043431121121123332232223DHB BEH BEDx x S S S y y x x y x x x y ⎛⎫--⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-=-⋅--⋅=-- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪--⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,由3DHB HH S MO '=可得()()0000000004333112322323x y x y x x y x y ⎛⎫--⎛⎫--= ⎪ ⎪--⎝⎭⎝⎭,整理得20000344120y x y x -+-=,则()()20003441y x y -=+,又因为220194x y +=,即()()222020414161y y y -+=+, 整理得()()()2202204441y y y -=-+, 且002y <<,则()2200441y y -=-,整理得200580y y -=,解得085y =或00y =(舍去), 代入2200194x y +=,解得095x =-或095x =(舍去), 所以直线l 的方程为2155x y -+=,即250x y -+=. 【点睛】方法点睛:有关圆锥曲线弦长、面积问题的求解方法(1)涉及弦长的问题中,应熟练地利用根与系数的关系、设而不求计算弦长;涉及垂直关系时也往往利用根与系数的关系、设而不求法简化运算;涉及过焦点的弦的问题,可考虑用圆锥曲线的定义求解; (2)面积问题常采用12S =⨯ 底⨯高,其中底往往是弦长,而高用点到直线距离求解即可,选择底很重要,选择容易坐标化的弦长为底.有时根据所研究三角形的位置,灵活选择其面积表达形式,若求多边形的面积问题,常转化为三角形的面积后进行求解;(3)在求解有关直线与圆锥曲线的问题时,应注意数形结合、分类与整合、转化与化归及函数与方程思想的应用.19. 已知数列{}n a 是等差数列,2516a a +=,534a a -=,数列{}n b 的前n 项和为n S ,且22=-n n S b ,(1)求数列{}n a 和{}n b 通项公式;(2)若集合1|nn i i *M n b a λ=⎧⎫=∈<⎨⎬⎩⎭∑N 中恰有四个元素,求实数λ的取值范围;(3)设数列{}n c 满足1,,n n n b n b b n +⎧=⎨⎩为奇数为偶数,{}n c 的前n 项和为n T ,证明:12111118846nn k k T =-⨯<<∑. 【答案】(1)21n a n =+;2nn b =的(2)353,322⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭(3)证明见详解 【解析】【分析】(1)根据题意列式求得132a d =⎧⎨=⎩,即可得数列{}n a 的通项公式;根据n S 与nb 之间的关系分析可知{}n b 为等比数列,即可得数列{}n b 的通项公式;(2)由(1)可知:212ni i a n n ==+∑,设222n nn nc +=,原题意等价于关于n 的不等式n c λ<恰有4个不同的解,结合数列{}n c 的单调性分析求解; (3)根据等比数列求和可得()28413kk T =-,分析可知23118424k k kT <≤⨯⨯,结合等比数列求和公式分析证明. 【小问1详解】设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ,由题意可得:53251242516a a d a a a d -==⎧⎨+=+=⎩,解得132a d =⎧⎨=⎩,所以()32121n a n n =+-=+; 又因为22=-n n S b ,若1n =,可得1122b b =-,解得12b =; 若2n ≥,可得1122--=-n n S b ,两式相减得122n n n b b b -=-,即12n n b b -=;可知数列{}n b 是以首项12b =,公比2q =的等比数列,所以1222n nn b -=⨯=.【小问2详解】 由(1)可知:()2132122ni i n n a n n =++==+∑,若1nn i i b a λ=<∑,即222nn n λ<+,可得222nn nλ+<, 设222n nn nc +=,原题意等价于关于n 的不等式n c λ<恰有4个不同的解, 令()()()()2211112131120222n nn n n n n n n n n c c ++++++-++-=-=≤, 当且仅当1n =时,等号成立, 可得1234c c c c =>>>⋅⋅⋅,且45335,232c c ==,则353322λ≤<, 所以实数λ的取值范围为353,322⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭.【小问3详解】由题意可知:12,2,n n n n b n +⎧=⎨⎩为奇数为偶数,则2221212222k k k k k c c +-+=+=,则()()3521212212814822241143k k kkk k Tc c c c +--=++⋅⋅⋅++=++⋅⋅⋅+==--,因为*k ∈N ,则0248k≤⨯-,即()064841kk<⨯≤-,可得()213124841k k k T =≤⨯-,则1121111111184112464614n nnknk k k T ==⎛⎫- ⎪⎛⎫⎝⎭≤==-<⎪⨯⎝⎭-∑∑; 又因*k ∈N ,则0414kk<-<,可得()213384841k k k T =>⨯-,则1123111311132418488414n nnknk k k T ==⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭>==-⨯⨯-∑∑;综上所述:12111118846nn k kT =-⨯<<∑. 20. 已知0m >,函数()1emx f x x -=-,()()ln 1x g x f x x m+=-+. 为(1)若函数()f x 的最小值是0,求实数m 的值;(2)已知曲线()y f x =在点()()1,1f 处切线的纵截距为正数. (ⅰ)证明:函数()g x 恰有两个零点; (ⅱ)证明:()11mmg x m m ->-.【答案】(1)1m =(2)(ⅰ)证明见详解;(ⅱ)证明见详解 【解析】【分析】(1)求得,利用导数分析可知()f x 的最小值为1ln m f m -⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,结合题意列式求解; (2)根据(1)结合导数的几何意义可得01m <<.(ⅰ)求得,结合导数判断原函数单调性结合零点存在性定理分析证明;(ⅱ)由(i )可得要证()11mmg x m m->-,即证()111mmg xmm->-,先证明()12ln m g x m>,再构造函数()()12ln 0H x x x x x =-+>,利用导数判断出函数的单调性,从而可得出结论.【小问1详解】因为()1emx f x x -=-,则()1e 1mx f x m -'=-,且0m >, 令()0f x ¢>,解得1ln m x m ->;令()0f x '<,解得1ln mx m-<; 可知()f x 在1ln ,m m -⎛⎫-∞ ⎪⎝⎭内单调递减,在1ln ,m m -⎛⎫+∞⎪⎝⎭内单调递增, 则()f x 的最小值为1ln ln 0m mf m m -⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭,解得1m =. 【小问2详解】由(1)可知:()1emx f x x -=-,()1e 1mx f x m -'=-, 可得()11e1m f -=-,()11e 1m f m -'=-,即切点坐标为()11,e1m --,斜率1e 1m k m -=-,则切线方程为()()()11e1e 11m m y m x ----=--,令0x =,可得()11e m y m -=-,由题意可得:()110em m ->-,且0m >,解得01m <<;(i )因为()()()1ln 1ln 1e 01mx x x g xf x x m m m-++=-+=-<<, 可知()g x 的定义域为()0,∞+,()2111e 1e mx mx m x g x m mx mx---=-=', 设()()21e10mx h x m x x -=->,则()()211e 0mx h x m mx -=+>'在()0,∞+内恒成立,可知函数()h x 在()0,∞+上递增, 由(1)可知:当1m =时,()1e0x f x x -=-≥,即1e x x -≥,当且仅当1x =时,等号成立,则3211333322222211e 1111m m h m m m m m m m -⎛⎫ ⎪+----- ⎪⎝⎭⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+-≥+⋅+-⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,可得3332222110h m m m m m ---⎛⎫+>⋅⋅⋅-= ⎪⎝⎭,又因()01h =-,由零点的存在性定理可得,存在3210,1x m -⎛⎫∈+ ⎪⎝⎭,使得()10h x =,即1111e mx mx m -=,(*)当()10,x x ∈时,()0h x <,即()0g x '<,()g x 为减函数,当()1,x x ∈+∞时,()0h x '>,即()0g x '>,()g x 为增函数, 又因为01m <<,()111e m g m-=-, 设()()11e01x G x x x -=-<<,则()()121e 001x G x x x-'=+><<, 所以函数()G x 在()0,1上递增, 所以()()10G x G <=,即()111e 0m g m-=-<,因为()1e0x x x -≥>,所以1ln x x -≥1-≥2ln x ≥,则()g x mx mx ≥>-所以44440g m m m ⎛⎫>⋅= ⎪⎝⎭,且241m>,当01m <<时,1111e1mx mx m-=>, 所以由()x ϕ的单调性可知11mx >,且111x m>>, 所以当()11,x x ∈时,()0g x '<,()g x 为减函数,当()1,x x ∈+∞时,()0g x '>,()g x 为增函数, 所以由零点的存在性定理可知,()g x 在区间441,m ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上存在唯一的零点, 11ee1ln 11e e e 0e m mg m--+⎛⎫=-=> ⎪⎝⎭,且11e <, 所以由零点的存在性定理可知,()g x 在区间1,1e ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上存在唯一的零点, 所以函数()g x 恰有两个零点, (ii )因为1111emx mx m-=,即112ln ln 10m x mx ++-=, 则11ln 12ln 2x m mx +=--+,所以()1111121ln 112ln 2emx x m g x x m m x m m-+=-=++-, 有基本不等式可得()112112ln 22ln 22ln m m mg x x m x m m m m m=++-≥-=, 当且仅当1211x m x =,即11x m=时,取等号,由1111emx mx m-=,由11x m =可得1m =,这与01m <<矛盾,所以11x m ≠,所以()()12ln mg x g x m≥>, 要证()11mmg x m m ->-,即证()111mmg xmm->-,设()()12ln 0H x x x x x=-+>,则()22211110H x x x x ⎛⎫=--=--≤ ⎪⎝⎭'所以函数()H x 在()0,∞+上递减, 所以当01x <<时,()()10H x H >=, 因为01m <<,所以101m m <<,所以1112ln 2ln m m mm m m m m-=>-,又()()12ln m g x g x m≥>,所以()11m m g x m m ->-.【点睛】方法点睛:利用导数证明不等式的基本步骤 (1)作差或变形; (2)构造新的函数()h x ;(3)利用导数研究()h x 的单调性或最值; (4)根据单调性及最值,得到所证不等式.特别地:当作差或变形构造的新函数不能利用导数求解时,一般转化为分别求左、右两端两个函数的最值问题.。
下期初三年级第五次月考(数学)及答案2013124

11AA3BB1BCC1CO xy3A图7Ol 初三年级第五次月考数学试卷一、选择题(每小题3分,共18分) 1 )A .3B .±3C . 3D .± 32.2010年3月5日,温家宝总理在“政府工作报告”中说,2009年我国国内生产总值达到33.5万亿元,这个数字用科学记数法表示为( )A .3.35×1013元B .3.35×1012元C .33.5×1012元D .33.5×1013元3.已知在Rt ABC △中,390sin 5C A ∠==°,,则tan B 的值为( )A .43B .45C .54D .344.如图,⊙O 的圆心O 到直线l 的距离为3cm ,⊙O 的半径为1cm ,将直线l 向右(垂直于l 的方向)平移,使l 与⊙O 相切,则平移的距离为( ) A .1cm B .2cm C .4cm D .2cm 或4cm5.观察算式:31=3,32=9,33=27,34=81,35=243,36=729,37=2187,38=6561,…….通过观察,用你所发现的规律确定32011的个位数字是( )A .3B .9C .7D .1 6.如图7所示,点1A 、A 、3A 在x轴上,且11223OAA A A A ==,分别过点1A 、A、3A 作y 轴的平行线,与反比例函数()80y x x=>的图象分别交于点1B 、B 、3B ,分别过点1B ,2B ,3B 作x轴的平行线,分别与y 轴交于点1C ,2C ,C ,连接1OB ,OB ,3OB ,那么图中阴影部分的面积之和为( ) A .7 B 。
499C 。
8 D.479二、填空题(每小题3分,共27分) 7.化简:22(1)(1)a a +--=________.8.若代数式21--x x 有意义,则x 的取值范围是____________________.9.不等式组3(2)412 1.3x x x x --⎧⎪+⎨>-⎪⎩≥,的解集是 ____________.10.在综合实践课上,六名同学做的作品的数量(单位:件)分别是:5,7,3,x ,6,4;若这组数据的平均数是5,则这组数据的中位数是 件.11.在标有1、2、3、4的四张扑克中,背面花色相同,背面朝上,从中任意抽取2张,则数字和为奇数的概率是_________12.将一条长为20cm 的铁丝剪成两段,并以每一段铁丝的长度为周长各做成一个正方形,则这两个正方形面积之和的最小值是 cm 2.13.如图,已知ACB △与DFE △是两个全等的直角三角形,量得它们的斜边长为10cm ,较小锐角为30°,将这两个三角形摆成如图(1)所示的 形状,使点B C F D 、、、在同一条直线上,且点C 与点F 重合,将图(1)中的ACB △绕点C 顺时针 方向旋转到图(2)的位置,点E 在AB边上,AC 交DE于点G ,则线段FG 的长为 cm (保留根号).14.若用半径为20cm ,圆心角为240°的扇形铁皮,卷成一个圆锥容器的侧面(接缝忽略不计),则这个圆锥容器的底面半径是________cm.15.已知二次函数2y ax bx c =++的图象与x 轴交于点(20)-,、1(0)x ,,且112x <<,与y 轴的正半轴的交点在(02),的下方.下列结论:①420a b c -+=;②0a b <<;③210a b -+>.其中正确的结论是 .三、解答题(本大题共8个大题,满分75分)16.(1)(5分)计算:11(2010)2sin 60|2|2π-⎛⎫----- ⎪⎝⎭;AE C (F )D B图(1) E AGBC (F ) D图(2)学校___________ 班级__________ 考号__________ 姓名____________ 密 封 线 内 不 准 答 题2A BC E F 17.(7分)如图,四边形ABCD 是菱形,BE ⊥AD 、BF ⊥CD ,垂足分别为E 、F . (1)求证:BE =BF ; (2)当菱形ABCD 的对角线AC =8,BD =6时,求BE 的长. 18. (9分)2010年5月1日上海世博会召开了,上海世博会对我国在政治、经济、文化等方面的影响很大.当时郑州四中团委就同学们对上海世博会的了解程度,随机抽取了部分学生进行问卷调查,并根据收集的信息进行了统计,绘制了下面尚不完整的统计图.根据统计图中所提供的信息解答下列问题:(1)该校参加问卷调查的学生有________名; (2)补全两个统计图; (3)若全校有1500名学生,那么该校有多少名学生达到基本了解以上(含基本了解)的程度? (4)为了让更多的学生更好的了解世博会,学校举办了两期专刊.之后又进行了一次调查,结果全校已有1176名学生达到了基本了解以上(含基本了解)的程度.如果每期专刊发表之后学生达到基本了解以上(含基本了解)的程度增长的百分数相同,试求这个百分数.19.(7分)如图,已知矩形ABCD 内接于⊙O ,BD 为⊙O 直径,将△BCD 沿BD 所在的直线翻折后,得到点C 的对应点N 仍在⊙O 上,BN 交AD 与点M.若∠AMB=60°,⊙O 的半径是3cm. (1)求点O 到线段ND 的距离. (2)过点A 作BN 的平行线EF ,判断直线EF 与⊙O 的位置关系并说明理由.20、(10分)如图,张明站在河岸上的G 点,看见河里有一只小船沿垂直于岸边的方向划过来,此时,他测得小船C 的俯角是∠FDC=30°,若张明的眼睛与地面的距离是1.8米,BG=1米,BG 平行于AC 所在的直线,迎水坡的坡度i=4:3,坡长AB=10米,求小船C 到岸边的距离CA的长?(参考数据:73.13 ,结果保留两位有效数字).GFD BA C 30°321、(12分)如图1,已知矩形ABED ,点C 是边DE 的中点,且AB=2AD 。
广西玉林陆川县联考2025届初三年级第五次月考英语试题试卷含答案

广西玉林陆川县联考2025届初三年级第五次月考英语试题试卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
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Ⅰ. 单项选择1、Mom always tells me that nothing can be learned __________ hard work.A.with B.by C.for D.without2、- My dream is to build______________university on the moon some day-It sounds like _________unusual dream. I wish you could realize itA.a a B.an,a C.an,an D.a an3、--- May I speak to John?--- Sorry, he ____________Japan. But he _________in two days.A.has been to, will come backB.has gone to, will be backC.has been in, would come backD.has gone to, won't cone back4、I’d like to go with you, _____________I’m too busy.A.or B.and C.so D.but5、Nowadays, more and more students are learning English online with smart phones. They think those apps for English language learners can help improve oral English. But they cost a large of amount of money.A.them; their B.their; them C.they; them D.them; they6、Mother told me ______ in bed because it’s bad for eyes.A.don’t read B.not to read C.not read D.to not read7、— Mike, ______ you answer this question?—Of course I can. It’s so easy.A.can B.may C.must D.need8、--Did you find the small village yesterday?--Yes, without any difficulty, for it has______ changed over years.A.hardly B.ratherC.quite D.almost9、-Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show?-OK, but a dress might be____.A.good B.bad C.better D.worse10、—TV says there will be a storm tomorrow.—___________, I planned to go climbing with my classmates.A.I hope so B.I’m afraid s oC.Sounds good D.Bad luckⅡ. 完形填空11、My 9-year-old daughter and I were flying from our home in Charlotte, North Carolina, to spend a week with my husband Mike in Miami, Florida. 1 had been working in Florida for five months. Kallie 2 her dad terribly.The plane was full. I had 3 a group of Boy Scouts(童子军) at the gate and said to my daughter that 4 anything happened, we would be OK with all those scouts on our 5 !Because we did not get our boarding passes until we 6 the gate, Kallie and I could not get seats together. That wasn’t such a big deal, except that Kallie had counted on me reading to her the whole way.When the 7 in my row boarded the plane, I asked if they would change places with Kallie or me. They 8 , saying they wanted to stay in their own seats.At the same time, a mother and her two children several rows ahead of us also met the same 9 . The mother could hold her baby, but her 6-year-old son had to sit with strangers. 10 nobody offered to help her.Suddenly, the scout leader stood up and said: “Ma’am, I think we can help you.” He then 11 five minutes rearranging his group so there was space available for the family. And then the mother was much more 12 .Amazingly, the man sitting next to the scout leader, turned to me and asked: “Would you and your daughter like our13 ?” We changed seats and continued on our trip, very happy to be together.Would that man have 14 us his seat if the scouts hadn’t done so for the mom and her children? I don’t know. But I do know that 15 is good, and good deeds cause more good deeds! Being kind is important and can be an example for everyone around you. One act of kindness can in turn cause many more kind acts.1.A.She B.He C.We D.They2.A.liked B.hated C.missed D.forgot3.A.discovered B.thought C.admitted D.noticed4.A.if B.when C.before D.after5.A.ship B.flight C.train D.bus6.A.left for B.left C.arrived at D.arrived in7.A.passengers B.travellers C.hostess D.scouts8.A.promised B.accepted C.refused D.agreed9.A.time B.problem C.question D.performance10.A.Therefore B.Because C.And D.However11.A.took B.cost C.spent D.made12.A.tired B.relaxed C.surprised D.friendly13.A.presents B.books C.stories D.seats14.A.offered B.gave C.showed D.provided15.A.politeness B.kindness C.happiness D.carefulnessⅢ. 语法填空12、If you need to call your parents but your phone is not with you, can you remember their numbers?To remember 11 numbers is not difficult.1., because of the smartphone (智能手机), many of us2.(lose) this ability , Chinese daily reported. What’s more, smartphones make our skills at giving directions weak, as w ell as3.(kill) face-to-face communications. Even when friends are having a meal together, 4.common for most to check their phones.According to a report by Kleiner Perkins Caufield Byers, 5.American company, Chinese people spend on average 170 minutes on their smartphones daily. For students, an addiction(上瘾) to smartphones does no good for6.(study). Research in Japan showed children who spend more than four hours a day on their phones do much worse7.(bad) in school tests than those who play with their phones for 30 minutes.It’s true that the smartphone has made our lives easier. But many also think they spend too much time on it, and this is bad for their study8.work. People are trying to change that.A new app(应用程序) named Forest9.(introduce) this month. It lets users plant a seed (种子) that grows into a tree over the next 30 minutes. During the half hour, users cannot use their phones, or the tree will die.A restaurant in Los Angeles, US, gives people a 5 % discount (折扣)if they don’t check their phones d uring a meal. Owner Mark Gold said that he hopes it gives people a way to enjoy their meal and really talk with friends and family10.person.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、 A passenger told an air hostess that he needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. She told him that she would bring him the water in ten minutes.The air hostess was so busy that she forgot to give him the water. As a result, the passenger couldn’t take his medicine in time. Thirty minutes later, when the passenger’s ring for service sounded, she hurried over to him with a smile whether he needed help or not. But the passenger never answered a word.When he was going to ge t off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passenger’s booklet(意见簿). She was very sad. She knew that he would write down sharp words, which might result in the loss of her job. But with a smile she handed it to him.Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and smiled, for the passenger put it, “On the flight, you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve sincere smiles?”That’s right! Who can refuse twelve smiles from a person?1.What did the passenger need when the plane just took off?A.A booklet to write something . B.A cup of water to take his medicine.C.The air hostess to make an apologize. D.To get off the plane at once.2.Why did the air hostess forget to give the passenger the water?A.Because the passenger was angry.B.Because it’s not allowed to take medicine during the flight.C.Because she was very busy.D.Because there wasn’t enough water on the plane.3.Why was the air hostess very sad ?A.She thought the passenger would write down bad words.B.She thought she couldn’t give the passenger any help.C.She thought the passenger would tell her manager.D.She thought she should say sorry to the passenger again.4.The Chinese meaning of the word “sincere” is “”.A.自豪的B.婉转的C.真诚的D.委屈的5.Which is the best title for the passage?A.The Air Hostess B.A Cup of Water C.On the plane D.Twelve SmilesB14、One young excellent person was trying to find a high position in a big company. It was the manager who would make the final decision.The manager discovered that the young man did an excellent job in his college, which aroused the manager’s curiosity.The manager asked, “Who paid for your college?”The young man answered, “My father passed away when I was one year old, so it was just my mother.”“What did your mother do?” The manager seemed surprised.“She is a clothes cleaner,” the young man answered, with no feeling.“Have you ever helped your mother wash some clothes before?”“Never. My mother always wanted me to study and read more books. She could wash clothes faster than me,” the young man seemed puzzled (迷惑) when answering.“Well, now I need you to do something. When you go back home today, clean your mother’s hands and see me tomorrow.”The youth was happy when hearing this because he felt that his chance of getting the job was great. When he went home,he happily asked his mother to let him clean her hands. His mother felt strange but happy. With mixed feelings, she showed her hands.The young man cleaned his mother’s hands, with tears falling. It was the first time he noticed that his mother’s hands were so wrinkled (皱的), and there were so many wounds. This pair of hands enabled him to go through college. This pair of hands was the price that his mother had to pay for his life and his future.The next morning, the manager asked the young man, “Now tell me what you learned yesterday.”After hearing what he said, the manager knew the young man had learned his lesson. “This is the man whom I am looking for. You are hired (聘用了).”1.What attracted the attention of the manager when he was interviewing the young man?A.The young man’s father.B.The young man’s clothes.C.The young man’s excellent job in college.D.The young man’s high position in company.2.The manager asked the young man some questions because he wanted to know_____.A.how the young man got the job in the companyB.who enabled the young man to finish his collegeC.why the young man’s father wanted him to studyD.how fast the young man’s mother could wash clothes3.The manager asked the young man to clean his mother’s hands because _____.A.he wanted the young man and his mother to have a talkB.he wanted the young man to know his mother’s love for himC.the young man felt sure he would get the job in the companyD.the young man had never wanted to study or read more books4.After the young man washed his mother’s hands, he knew_____.A.why his mother could wash clothes faster than he didB.when he would get the job offer from the companyC.what his mother had done for his life and his futureD.why his mother didn’t want him to wash her hands5.Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?A.Mother’s hands.B.A big company.C.Mixed feelings. D.The manager’s hands.C15、When talking about picking a right school, a mother and teacher gave some pieces of advice.In the latest issue (期) of Youth magazine, the mother shared the school advice she gave her daughters with young people across the country.“I’ve told my daughters many times that I don’t want them to choose a name,” the mother said. “I don’t want them to think, ‘Oh, I should go to these top schools.’ We live in a country with hundreds of excellent universities. So the first question is: what’s going to work for me?”“When it was time to prepare f or picking schools, nobody around me believed I could get into Xiamen University. But through hard work I finally made it,” she continued. “So, my second piece of advice is: believe in yourself, no matter what other peo ple might say. Once your goal is set, you only need to try your best to make it come true.”“The last piece of advice is not to be worried even if your dreams don’t come true. As I’ve said above, there are so many goo d universities out there. So it’s important for everybody to understand that you can always find a university that gives you a great education.”1.The mother shared her advice ________.A.with her students B.with her husbandC.in Youth magazine D.in Xiamen University2.To explain her second piece of advice, the mother gave ________.A.a story of her daughters B.a story of her ownC.some different reasons D.some different ideas3.We can learn from the last paragraph (自然段) that ________.A.we can realize our dream through hrad workB.the name of the university isn’t the most importantC.it’s not necessary to care what other people might sayD.more than one university can give us a good education4.The best title of the passage may be “________”.A.Colorful University LifeB.Best School EducationC.A Report on University BuildingD.Advice on School PickingD16、Tomatoes, sweet and juicy, are one of t he world’s oldest foods. They were discovered by the Indians of South America thousands of years ago. The first tomatoes were very small. By the time the Europeans brought them to Europe in the1500s, they were larger. They looked more like the tomatoes we eat today.The history of tomatoes is interesting. When they first arrived in Italy, they were known as “love apples”. Italians believed that if one ate a tomato, he would easily fall in love with it.However, in the United States, people believed that one would lose his life after eating a tomato. In 1820, Robert Johnson decided to prove people wrong. He announced that he would eat a tomato in the town square. Everyone was shocked at the news. That morning, about 2,000 people showed up to watch. They were sure that Mr Johnson was going to die. Of course, he didn’t. and from then on, tomatoes became popular in America.In the beginning, people argued whether tomatoes were fruit or vegetables. From a scientific point of view, they were fruit.A fruit was the ripened ovary of any plant that made seeds. However, this didn’t stop most people from calling them vegetables, They said that tomatoes were eaten with the main meal-just like vegetables. So, they thought tomatoes must surely be vegetables.Whether tomato es are vegetables or not, they won’t disappear any time now. They are just delicious, for everyone to eat. 1.Italians used to call tomatoes “love apples” mainly because of their.A.size B.taste C.shape D.smell2.People felt when they heard Robert Johnson would eat a tomato.A.surprised B.sad C.angry D.excited3.What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph mean?A.A few people stopped eating tomatoes.B.Tomatoes became the most popular vegetables.C.Most people still believed tomatoes were vegetables.D.Most people stopped calling tomatoes vegetables.4.What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text?A.To tell us how tomatoes grow.B.To advise us to eat more tomatoes.C.To show us why people love tomatoes.D.To tell us interesting facts about tomatoes.E17、A poor boy lived in a small town. He sold goods from door to door to pay for school. One day, he had only one cent left, and he was hungry. He decided that he would ask for a meal at the next house. However, when a young woman opened the door, the boy was shy, so he just asked for some water. The woman knew he was hungry, so she brought him a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly, and then asked, "How much should I pay for it?" "You won't pay for it. My mother has told me that it isgood to help the people who are in trouble," she replied. The boy said, "Then I thank you from my heart." As the boy left that house, he felt stronger. He knew he had many things to do.Many years later, the young woman became ill. The local doctors couldn't save her. People had to send her to a big city. When the doctor knew who the woman was, he was excited and tried his best to save her life. He succeeded. The woman needed to pay for the medical bill. The doctor learned that she couldn't afford it. So he wrote something down on the medical bill. The woman read the bill, "You have paid it with a glass of milk."1.The poor boy sold goods from door to door becauseA.he had no money leftB.he needed money to buy some foodC.he wanted to raise money for Project HopeD.he had to make money for his school2.Why was the young woman sent to a hospital in a big city?A.Because she was seriously ill.B.Because she had lots of money.C.Because she wanted to visit the doctor.D.Because she knew the poor boy worked there.3.From the passage we can know the doctor( the poor boy) .A.let the young woman pay for the billB.was always thankful for the young woman's kindnessC.didn' t remember the young womanD.failed to save the young woman' s life4.Which of the following sentences is true?A.The young woman had a bad mother.B.The poor boy asked for some money.C.The young woman and her mother were both kind to others.D.The poor boy became a famous engineer when he grew up.5.What's the best title(标题) for the article?A.A Kind Mother B.A Lovely Young WomanC.A Poor Boy D.A Glass of MilkF18、Peng Liyuan, wife of Chinese President Xi Jinping, made a speech at the United Nations General Assembly high-level meeting through a video in September in 2018. The speech aimed to call for global efforts to put an end to the epidemic (流行病). Peng became World Health Organization’s Goodwill Ambassador(亲善大使)for TB (肺结核)and HIV/AIDS in 2011. She shared her feelings and experiences with the attendees of the meeting, which took place in the UN headquarters in New York. She also shared the touching stories of the heroes in China who have been selflessly dedicated to the cause of fighting TB.Peng said that the control and prevention of the epidemic disease in China have made rapid progress and the patients are being diagnosed (诊断)and treated more timely and effectively. She also pointed out such progress has been made because of the great importance that the Chinese government and the entire society have attached to the cause as well as the enthusiastic participation of about 700,000 volunteers. “Thanks to joint efforts of governments, international organizations, specialists and volunteers, the control and prevention of the epidemic on the global level have scored important achievements, but mankind still faces severe challenges in the aspect”, Peng said. In the video, she asked all countries in the world to join hands and do their best to change the life of the millions of people who are affected by TB and end the global epidemic .Many Chinese are proud of Peng, the first lady of China, not only because of her beautiful English pronunciation and fluent expressions, but also because of her hard work for the well being of mankind and her hard work for improvement. Her video inspired many Chinese to fight with illness as well as to learn a foreign language better.1.Peng’s purpose of making the speech at the United Nations General Assembly high-levelmeeting was ________.A.to call for global attention to the epidemicB.to call for global efforts to find out the cause of the epidemicC.to ask for global efforts to put an end to the epidemic2.How long has Peng been the World Health Organization’s Goodwill Ambassador for TB?A.For 8 years. B.For 9 years. C.For 10 years.3.What does the underlined word enthusiastic mean?A.欢乐的B.热心的C.细心的4.Why do many people take pride in Peng?A.Because she is the first lady of China.B.Just because of her beautiful English pronunciation and fluent expressions.C.Not only because of her beautiful English but because of her hard work for mankind.5.Which of the following in TRUE according to the passage?A.There are far more 700,000 volunteers in the finding out of the cause of the epidemic.B.Mankind doesn’t face severe challenges in fighting with TB.C.Many Chinese are inspired by Peng’s hard work.Ⅴ.书面表达19、书面表达你的好朋友戴尔在学习英语过程中遇到很多问题,比如:单词记忆、句型的运用、阅读文章等一系列问题。
浙江省建人高复2014届高三上学期第五次月考物理试卷 Word版含答案

浙江建人高复2013学年第二学期第五次月考试卷物理选择题部分选择题部分共20题,每小题6分,共120分。
一、选择题(本题共17小题。
每题只有一项符合题目要求)14.一根粗细均匀的绳子,右侧固定,使左侧的S 点上下振动,产生一列向右传播的机械波,某时刻的波形如图所示。
下列说法中正确的是A .该波的波速逐渐增大B .该波的波速逐渐减小C .该波的频率逐渐增大D .该波的频率逐渐减小15.美国宇航局2011年12月5日宣布,他们发现了太阳系外第一颗类似地球的、可适合居住的行星—“开普勒一22b”,其直径约为地球的2.4倍。
至今其确切质量和表面成分仍不清楚,假设该行星的密度和地球相当,根据以上信息估算该行星的第一宇宙速度等于 A .3.3×103m/s B .7.9×103m/s C . 1.2×104m/s D .1.9×104m/s16.在如图所示的闭合电路中,移动滑动变阻器的滑片,若电压表读数在逐渐增加,则电流表读数 A .增大B .减小C .先减小后增大D .先增大后减小17. “井底之蛙”这个成语常被用来讽刺没有见识的人,现有井口大小和深度相同的两口井,一口是枯井,一口是水井(水面在井口之下),两井底都各有一只青蛙,则 A .枯井中青蛙觉得天比较小,水井中青蛙看到井外的范围比较大 B .枯井中青蛙觉得天比较大,水井中青蛙看到井外的范围比较小 C .枯井中青蛙觉得天比较大,水井中青蛙看到井外的范围比较大 D .两只青蛙觉得井口一样大,水井中青蛙看到井外的范围比较大二、选择题(本题共3小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,至少有一个选项是符合题目要求的。
全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
)18.某兴趣小组用实验室的手摇发电机和一个可看作理想的小变压器给一个灯泡供电,电路如图,当线圈以较大的转速n 匀速转动时,额定电压为U 0的灯泡正常发光,电压表示数是U 1。
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下图是2013年我国甲、乙、丙三个城市市区人口数量变化图。读图回答14—15题
14.甲、乙、丙三个城市中市区人口最多与最少的是
A.甲、乙B.甲、丙C.乙、丙D.乙、甲
15.从甲城市市区人口数量变化分析,最有可能的现象是
A.人口大量迁移到其他城市B.逆城市化现象
C.老年人口比重较小D.经济发展水平较低
读我国“1990-2006年能源消费重心轨迹移动示意图”,回答16—17题
16.下列有关我国能源消费重心变化的说法正确的是
A.在图示阶段,我国能源消费重心持续向西南方向移动
B.在图示阶段,我国能源消费重心由我国东北地区移到我国西南地区
C.1994年我国能源消费重心大致在我国华北地区
D.图示阶段,我国能源消费重心移动幅度达到200公里
古代地名有时包含方位信息,古代地图方向设置则具有多元化特点,原则上尽量方便用图者.结合所学知识回答3—4题。
3.洛阳因紧靠洛河而得名,据此可以判断洛阳古城遗址位于洛河
A.以东B.以西C.以南D.以北
4.古代海防图,最可能设置为“上南下北”方位的地点是
A.广西北海B.福建厦门C.河北秦皇岛D.山东威海
17.下列关于图示阶段我国能源消费重心移动的原因不正确的是
A.我国“西部大开发”、“中部崛起”政策的实施
B.我国中西部地区轻工业比重较大
C.我国中西部地区技术水平及生产工艺较落后
D.我国中西部地区以能源和原料工业为主
下图为“株洲市2014年12月3日7时至4日7时气温和降水统计图”,读图回答18—19题。
天津港吞吐量在中国北方居第一位,跻身世界港口10强。天津港南北两侧各有一条长达数千米的奇特长堤,见下图。结合所学知识回答5—6题。
5.天津港跻身世界港口10强港口的主要原因是
A.位于渤海,有着优良的港湾条件B.位于海河入海口,可以海陆联运
C.陆上交通便利,经济腹地广开阔D.依托天津市,有足够的资金保证
材料二博斯腾湖是淡水湖,但是南侧不远有一个槽状盐沼池,池壁和底部均分布有厚厚的盐层。下图为盐池附近的地质剖面示意图。
(1)推断博斯腾湖的主要补给水源,并说明理由。(3分)
(2)运用地理环境整体性原理,简述湖泊、飞鸟、鱼群、芦苇之间的关系。(4分)
(3)结合水循环过程简述盐沼池盐层的形成过程。(4分)
A.天山冰雪融水提供了富含矿物养分的优质饮用水源
B.多样的植物种类提供了富含营养的食物
C.平坦开阔的盆地提供了训练奔跑能力的场所
D.盆地海拔较高,含氧量较低,有利于良好耐力的形成
读2014年某城市地铁沿线土地利用空间分异图,回答10-11题。
(距地铁线距离)
10.受地铁吸引力最小的功能用地是( )
A.居住用地B.公共用地C.工业用地D.商业用地
①纬度因素②寒流因素③地形因素④大气环流因素
A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
近日有关网站报道:江苏省农业大县如东县成为我国最“老”的县,由于该县比全国提前10年实行计划生育政策,比全国提前20年进入老龄化,去年如东60岁以上人口已占总人口的28%。回答20—21题。
20.有关如东县人口老龄化成因的叙述,正确的是
①计划生育政策②人口迁移③教育及生活、医疗条件的进步④自然灾害
A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④
21.如东县人口老年化可能带来的影响有
A.从事农业生产的劳动力增加B.中小学校的数量减少
C.社会养老压力减小D.劳动力素质提高014年12月
下图示意我国某岸线的进退主要受到流水沉积、海水侵蚀和人类活动的影响。读某中纬度海岸线历史变迁图,完成22~23题。
二、综合题(40分)
31.(11分)(1)(3分)①修建水库、大坝储水;②建立有关法律法规,沿途水资源的利用统一管理;③提高公民的节水意识,节约用水;④严格治污,保证水质。(答满3点为满分,其他合理答案酌情给分)
(2)(4分)①使供水区下游河流的径流量减少,导致河口地区盐度升高,水质下降。②加重下游泥沙淤积,淤塞河道,影响航运。③东线:使江淮沿线地区地下水位升高,容易发生土壤盐碱化。④中线:影响汉江下游的水量、水质、航运、生物等。
22.图中靠近现代大河的地点最可能是()
A.①B.②C.③D.④
23.图中甲处的海岸线自15世纪至现代,几乎没有任何变化,最可能的原因是()
A.修建有护海大堤B.大河河口不断摆动
C.红树林保护了海岸D.海平面不断下降
下图为沿某大陆34°纬线所做的气候要素变化曲线图(①表示1月均温,②表示11~4月降水量,③表示7月均温,④表示5~10月降水量)。读图,完成24~26题。
24.该大陆是()
A.非洲大陆B.南美大陆C.澳大利亚大陆D.亚欧大陆
25.造成该大陆东、西两岸年平均气温差异的主要因素是()
A.纬度位置B.地形C.洋流D.大气环流
26.造成该大陆东、西两岸降水季节分配差异的主要因素是()
A.纬度位置B.地形C.洋流D.大气环流
丹麦首都哥本哈根为防止城市“摊大饼”式向外扩张带来的问题,在1947年提出“手指规划”方案,该规划方案至今仍然对哥本哈根的城市发展产生积极影响。读“手指规划”示意图,完成27~28题。
绝密★启用前
株洲市2015届高三年级教学质量统一检测试题
地理
本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。全卷共33小题,其中选择题30小题,非选择题3小题。满分100分,考试时量90分钟。
一、选择题(本题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分。在每题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。)
读我国东部某地区的地形和气候资料图,回答1~2题。
29.该楼盘最可能位于
A.上海B.北京C.成都D.乌鲁木齐
30.该地该日昼长约
A.9小时40分B.10小时40分
C.12小时40分D.13小时40分
二、综合题(40分)
31.读相关材料,回答下列问题。(11分)
材料一2014年12月12日,南水北调中线工程正式通水。南水北调中线工程从河南、湖北和陕西三省交界的丹江口水库调水,每年可向北方输送95亿立方米的水量,相当于1/6条黄河,基本缓解北方严重缺水局面。阅读以下材料,回答相关问题。右图为南水北调中线线路图。
材料二北京南水北调与海水淡化对比
南水北调
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ海水淡化
取水口
湖北丹江口水库
河北曹妃甸
成本
18元/立方米(2009年估算)
5元/立方米
工程线长度
全长1277千米
270千米
输水量
10.5亿立方米/年
3.7亿立方米/年
材料三北京市年用水总量约36亿立方米,而本区拥有水资源量约为21亿立方米。
(1)要保证工程向北方稳定供水,还需采取什么措施?(3分)
12.关于厄尔尼诺对我国暖冬形成的解释,说法合理的是:
A.太平洋东部暖湿气流加强
B.秘鲁寒流减弱,我国冬季偏暖
C.海陆间温差减小,冬季风势力减弱
D.太平洋中部暖湿气流加强
13.据统计,西太平洋(包括南海)每年台风及热带风暴形成的平均次数为24.3次。由于厄尔尼诺现象的延续,则下列关于2014年台风及热带风暴次数的数据最可能接近实际的是:
6.图中长堤的主要作用是
A.减轻风浪的威胁B.避免来往船只相撞
C.便于货物的装卸D.增添一道亮丽风景
焉耆马是我国古代西域名马,体形较小,跋山涉水善奔跑,耐力好,这些特征与其所处的环境密切相关。焉耆马集中产自海拔2800米左右的天山某高山盆地,该盆地位于三条“U”型谷地的汇合处,较为平坦开阔。结合所学知识回答7—9题。
27.哥本哈根城市规划方案中的“手指”延伸的影响因素是
A.交通B.地形C.市场D.水源
28.“手指规划”示意图中“手指”之间的区域应该规划为
A.工业区,因为地价低廉B.别墅区,因为环境优美
C.商业区,方面居民购物D.绿化区,优化城市环境
楼盘的方位和北京时间15点时的太阳光线,该日南面阳台太阳照射的时长为9小时40分,据此回答29~30题
7.材料中盆地较为平坦开阔的原因是
A.内力作用B.冰川作用C.流水作用D.风力作用
8.下列关于该盆地植被特征的描述,正确的是
A.森林茂密,主要树种为针叶林
B.森林茂密,主要树种为落叶阔叶林
C.荒漠植被,以戈壁和沙漠为主
D.草原草甸,草株低矮,但草类多样
9.关于焉耆马优良特征的形成原因,推断不正确的是
18.下列关于当地雨后转晴气温持续降低及日出后气温仍维持较低水平的原因解释,正确的是
①冷锋过境后,受冷气团的控制②暖锋过境前,受冷气团控制
③大气逆辐射弱,降温较快④冬季太阳高度偏低,太阳辐射较弱
A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.②③④
19.同期湘北石门县东山峰迎来美丽初雪,成为湖南省最早下雪的地方,主要受以下哪些因素影响。
(4)地中海沿岸的福斯、马赛钢铁、炼油工业发达。简要分析其工业布局的主要优势。(4分)
株洲市2015届高三年级教学质量统一检测答案
地理
1-10 BBDAC ABDAC 11-20ACDBB CBBCA 21-30 BCABC DADBC
29-30解析:首先以两分日为例计算南北阳台的阳光照射时间。两分日昼长12小时,日出方向为正东,当太阳光线东偏南40°时,南面阳台才能照到太阳光,结合地球自转速度可知,需时间2小时40分,据此可以计算出阳台有阳光照射的时间为9小时20分。该日南面阳台太阳能够照射的时间为9小时40分,比两分日长20分,说明下午太阳照射时间比两分日长20分,则昼长要比两分日长40分钟,为12小时40分。
(2)请归纳南水北调对供水区可能带来的环境问题。(4分)
(3)根据材料,指出南水北调工程的不足之处,并分析建设南水北调工程的必要性。(4分)