名词性从句中的虚拟语气(讲义)
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气在表语从句中的用法
在系动词be+形容词引导的表语从句中
虚拟语气在表语从句中常用于表达某种假设或条件，如“The problem is that we should start our project earlier.”
在系动词be+名词引导的表语从句中
虚拟语气也可以用于描述某种结果或事实，如“The conclusion is that they would have won the game if they had scored more points.”
虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
要点一
在It is/was+形容词/名词+that 引导的主语…
虚拟语气在主语从句中常用于表达某种假设或条件，如“It is crucial that we should act quickly.”
要点二
在It is/was+过去分词+that引导 的主语从句中
虚拟语气也可以用于描述某种结果或事实，如“It is said that he would have won the election if he had run a better campaign.”
虚拟语气的用法
表示与现实相反的情况
当描述与现实情况相反的情况时，使用虚拟语气来表达。
表示假设条件
在描述假设条件时，使用虚拟语气来表达。
表示个人意愿
在表达个人意愿时，使用虚拟语气来强调个人主观意愿。
02 名词性从句中的虚拟语气分类
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
总结词
表示与现在事实相反的情况，假设的情况是假的，而实际情况是相反的。
详细描述
在虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反的情况通常通过使用动词的过去时态来表示， 如“If I were you, I would…”或“He suggested that we should leave early.”。这种虚拟语气常用于表达建议、要求、愿望等。
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
2). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前 (可以 理解成与过去事实相反)
She talked about Rome as though she __h_a_d_b_e_e_n__ (be) there herself.
that不可省略
• She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.
• The teacher gives us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
only if
只要……就，只有…才
Only if a teacher has given
引导的从句位于句首， 主句倒装！倒装！
permission is a student allowed to enter the room.
（三）犹如，好像，仿佛as if / as though
♥假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。 ♥若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气：
suggest / advise / propose / recommend should do!
♥ desire / demand / request / require / ask
1“坚持” insist
2“命令” order, command
3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend
第25讲 虚拟语气(讲义)(教师版) 2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)
第25讲虚拟语气目录01 考情透视·目标导航∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙102 知识导图·思维引航∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙203 考点突破·考法探究∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3考点一if引导的虚拟语气条件句知识点1 if引导的虚拟语气典型用法∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3知识点2 虚拟语气的省略和倒装∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4知识点3 错综虚拟语气∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4知识点4 含蓄虚拟语气∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5考点二虚拟语气用于名词性从句知识点1 虚拟语气用于宾语从句∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6知识点2 虚拟语气用于表语、同位语从句∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7知识点3 虚拟语气用于主语从句∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7考点三虚拟语气用于状语从句知识点1 as if/though、even if/though引导的虚拟语气∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙9知识点2 虚拟语气用于if only句型∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙9考点四虚拟语气的其它句式∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙10 04真题练习·命题洞现1.真题实战∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙112.命题演练∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙13考点一 if 引导的虚拟语气虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用
03
与将来事实相反的 假设
使用一般过去时态或过去进行时 态，如“If I should win the lottery, I would buy a new car.”
02
虚拟语气在名词性从句 中的用法
表示与事实相反的情况
表示与现在事实相反的情况
使用"if"引导的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，主句用"would+动词原形"。例如："If I were you, I would choose to study abroad."
bought tickets."
在表语从句中的用法
要点一
在表语从句中表示与事实相反的 情况
使用"if"引导的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，主句用 "would+动词原形"。例如："The reason why he failed the exam is that if he had studied harder, he would have passed it."
虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用
目录
• 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的基本概念 • 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 • 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的特殊情况 • 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的注意事项
01
虚拟语气在名词性从句 中的基本概念
虚拟语气的定义
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用 于表示与实际情况相反的假设或建议。
语境的适应性
使用虚拟语气时，应考虑语境的适应性。虚 拟语气通常用于表示假设或与事实相反的情 况，因此应避免在不适合的语境中使用。
例如，“If the weather were fine, we would go out.”（如果天气好，我们就出
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1. My suggestion is that we (should) read English newspapers to improve our English. 2. The teacher suggested that we (should) have a rest. 3. It is necessary that he (should) come to see us.
3.It was natural that _______. A. my pictures would surprise them B. my pictures surprised them C. my pictures should surprise them D. my pictures would have surprised them
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
一、主语从句 It +be+necessary等形容词 从句” 等形容词+从句 等形容词 从句” It+be +a pity等名词 从句” 等名词+从句 等名词 从句” It +be +suggested等 等 (表示命令 要求 建议等动词的过去分词 表示命令,要求 建议等动词的过去分词) 表示命令 要求,建议等动词的过去分词 +从句结构中 一般用虚拟语气 这时从句 从句结构中,一般用虚拟语气 从句结构中 一般用虚拟语气.这时从句 中的谓语动词由“ 动词原形” 中的谓语动词由“should+动词原形” 动词原形 构成.在口语和非正式语体中 可以省去. 在口语和非正式语体中,可以省去 构成 在口语和非正式语体中 可以省去
三、表语从句或同位语从句 在某些表示“建议、请求、命令” 在某些表示“建议、请求、命令”等意 义的名词后同样需用“ 义的名词后同样需用“(should) + 动词 原形”来构成谓语。这类名词有： 原形”来构成谓语。这类名词有： advice,desire,decision,idea,order,plan, proposal,recommendation,request, suggest that ______ our education in all available ways. A. we must develop B. we shall develop C. we would develop D. we should develop 2.It is necessary that ______ by the end of the week. A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything ready C. we get everything ready D. we must get everything ready
语法指导：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)
你希望她第二天会到。(ຫໍສະໝຸດ 实上她还没到) 4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
二、对过去情况的虚拟(和过去的事实相反)：
用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例：
1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
名词性从句中的虚拟语气1.构成：虚拟语气是以“(should+动词原形”的形式来呈现2.虚拟语气常用于表示提议，命令，要求，意愿，决定等意义的动词后面的宾语从句中，常用“should+动词原形”，should常被省略。
常见的这类动词有suggest(表建“建议”才用虚拟语气，如suggest当“表明，暗示，透露”讲时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气), decide, require, demand, propose, insist(坚持自己做不用虚拟语气), order, prefer, ask, direct, move，desire, request, beg, vote.He insisted that we (should) attend the meeting.The teacher ordered that all the students be here on time.The doctor required that the patient (should) give up smoking.The boss demanded that all the staff (should) spare no effort to (不遗余力做)work for the company.3.虚拟语气常用于含有important, necessary, natural, strange, essential等形容词的主语从句中。
It is necessary that every school-age child (should) attend school.It is strange that he (should) be absent.4.虚拟语气常用于含有suggestion, idea, advice, proposal等名词的补语从句中。
His suggestion is that we(should) hold a meeting to discuss the matter immediately.The expert’s proposal is that the experiment (should) be put off5.虚拟语气用于wish（但愿，……就好了）后面的宾语从句中表示同时的情况：主语+动词过去式（be动词用were）表示先于的情况：主语+had+过去分词表示将来的情况：主语+would (could) +动词原形I wish that he weren’t so lazy.He wished that he were a teacher.I wish that he had not made so much fuss(不必要的麻烦) about it。
2023届高考英语语法：虚拟语气讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中从句主句与现实事实相反一般过去式（be--were）Should/would/could/might + V原与过去事实相反Had + done Should/would/could/might +have done与将来事实相反过去式；should+V 原；were to + V原Should/would/could/might + V原1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.例句：If there were no subjunctive mood, English ( ) much easier to learn. （B）A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1. 通过本课的学习，能够全面掌握名词性从句中虚拟语气的基本用法。
2. 通过本课的学习，能够初步了解虚拟语气在不同类型名词性从句中的具体用法。
重点：掌握与坚持、命令、建议、要求四类词相关名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法。
难点：wish宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。
近几年高考对于虚拟语气的考查主要集中在语法填空和书面表达中，语法填空涉及动词提示词的填空中多次出现对虚拟语气的考查，考查难度不大。
一、主语从句中的虚拟语气：1. It is／was + 形容词+ that从句当形容词为important, necessary，strange，natural，appropriate, proper, right, desirable, essential, surprising, unthinkable等或名词短语a good idea时。
2. It is／was + a pity / a shame / a surprise / no wonder + that从句3. It is demanded / suggested / ordered / required / ….that-clause注意：这种主语从句由连词that引导，虚拟语气为“（should）动词原形”。
其中should可省略。
should 常译成“应该、必须、竟然”。
It is important and necessary that we (should) master a foreign language.精通一门外语对我们来说是重要而且必要的。
It is proper that an independent inquiry (should) take place.进行独立调查很合适。
It is strange that he (should) refuse your help.他竟然拒绝你的帮助真是奇怪。
It is surprising that you (should) not understand me!你竟然不理解我，真令人吃惊！It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.你竟然错过一个好机会真是遗憾。
It is suggested that he (should) not spend too much time watching TV.有人建议他不应该花太多时间看电视。
It is proposed that the plan (should) be delayed.有人建议推迟这项计划。
—Yang Liwei has won great honour for our country.—Who is Yang Liwei?—What a question! It is surprising ________ the first spaceman in China.A. you didn’t know our national heroB. to you not to know himC. you should know nothing aboutD. you knew nothing about答案：C思路分析：在it is surprising后的that从句中，谓语要用“should +动词原形”，其中should 含“竟然”之意，是最佳答案。
二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气：1. wish后宾语从句须用虚拟语气：⑴表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语须用过去式（were）；⑵表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语须用had+过去分词；⑶表示将来没有把握或者不大可能实现的愿望，从句谓语须用would / could / might+动词原形。
2. 与坚持、命令、建议及要求四类词相关的宾语从句中需要用（should）+动词原形的虚拟语气。
这四类词包括⑴一个坚持：insist；⑵两个命令：order，command；⑶三个建议：advise，suggest，propose；⑷四个要求：demand，request，require，desire / ask。
I wish (that) I could fly freely in the sky.我希望我们能够在天空中自由飞翔。
I wish I had seen you at the party yesterday.我真希望在昨天的宴会上见到你。
I wish I would have another chance next year.我希望下一年还有机会。
He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes every week by themselves.他命令学生们每周自己洗衣服。
The doctor suggested that she (should) have an operation at once.医生建议她立刻手术。
（should省略后，she后会紧接着have，这是正确的）Mr. Li required the computer equipment referred ________ used in every classroom.A. should beB. have to beC. to beD. to being答案：C思路分析：句中referred to是过去分词短语，作the computer equipment 的定语，意为“被提到的计算机设备”；在表示“要求”的require, request, ask, demand等动词后的宾语从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原形”，所以从句的谓语动词是be used，省略了should。
三、表语从句中的虚拟语气：1. 在名词“suggestion, proposal, idea, plan，order, advice, desire, requirement, request, command, decision, recommendation等”作主语时后面的表语从句中，用“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略。
2. as if ( as though)引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气。
My advice is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.我的建议是我们应该让更多的人参加会议。
My demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week.我的要求是她应该一周来看我一次。
It seems as if the meeting would never end.看来会议没完没了。
（与将来相反）It seems as though he had been there many times.好像他已经去过那里好多次了。
（与过去事实相反）It seems as if nobody knew what happened.好像没有人知道发生了什么事。
What the customers _________ from the company is that the goods _________ right to their homes.A. requested, deliverB. demand, be deliveredC. request, should deliverD. demand, delivered答案：B思路分析：从is可知what从句中的谓语动词request或demand用一般现在时，表示一般状况；而动词request / remand有关的表语从句用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形。
第二空动词deliver与主语the goods是被动关系，省略should后，填be delivered。
四、同位语从句中的虚拟语气：与表示“决定、主张、要求、建议、命令”的动词相对应的名词构成的同位语从句中常用（should）+do结构。
The requirement that students (should) learn to protect themselves is successfully carried out in most schools.学生必须学会保护自己，这一要求在大多数学校都能顺利实施。
I made a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.我提议我们应该下周开个会。
He made the demand that all the students (should) go home at once.他作出要求，所有学生要立刻回家。
You’d better follow my advice that he English hard with the help of his mother.A. studiesB. studiedC. studyD. must study答案：C思路分析：本题考查虚拟语气，在advice等词后跟的同位语从句中需要（should）+动词原形的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。
因此选择C选项。
1. Jane’s face suggested that she ________ ill, and her parents suggested that she________ a medical examination.A. be; should haveB. was; haveC. should be; hadD. was; has2. How I wish every family ________ a large house with a beautiful garden.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had3. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ________ the rules.A. obeysB. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey4. The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King _______ right away.A. would be arrestedB. must be arrestedC. be arrestedD. had to be arrested5.Robert wishes that he __________ business instead of history when he was in university.A. studiesB. studiedC. has studiedD. had studied6. My suggestion is that she ________ more exercise, which will do a lot of good to her.A. takesB. must takeC. takeD. took答案：BBBCDC思路分析：1. 第一个suggest意为“表明”，宾语从句不用虚拟语气，谓语用was；第二个suggest 表示“建议”，宾语从句用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。