05-06(2)《大学物理(A)I》期末考试试卷(双语)(滕小瑛)
(完整版)《大学物理》学期期末考试试题A及解答.doc

(完整版)《大学物理》学期期末考试试题A及解答.doc《大学物理》学期期末考试试题A 及解答共 8 页第 1 页二 OO6~二 OO7学年第一学期《大学物理》考试试题 A 卷考试日期 : 年月日试卷代号考试班级学号姓名成绩一 . 选择题(每题 3 分,共 30 分)1.一弹簧振子作简谐振动,总能量为E 1,如果简谐振动振幅增加为原来的两倍,重物的质量增为原来的四倍,则它的总能量 E 2 变为(A) E 1/4.(B) E 1/2.[](C) 2E .(D)4 E .112.图中椭圆是两个互相垂直的同频率谐振动合成的图形,已知 x 方向的振动方程为x 6 cos( t1 ) ,动点在椭圆上沿逆时针方向运动,则 y 方向的振动方程应为2y(A)y 9 cos( t1π) . (B)y 9 cos( t1 ) . 922(C)y 9 cos( t) .(D)y 9 cos( t) .[]O6 x3.图中画出一向右传播的简谐波在 t 时刻的波形图, BC 为波密介质的反射面,波由P 点反射,则反射波在 t 时刻的波形图为yyyBPO P x OP x O x - A(A)- A(B)- ACyyO PxO Px[]- A(C)- A(D)4.一平面简谐波在弹性媒质中传播,在媒质质元从最大位移处回到平衡位置的过程中(A) 它的势能转换成动能. (B)它的动能转换成势能.(C) 它从相邻的一段媒质质元获得能量,其能量逐渐增加.上一页下一页。
大学物理(a1)期末考试试题(第五套).docx

西南科技大学201X- 201X- 2学期《大学物理A1》本科期末考试试卷(第五套) 课程代码1 6 1 9 9 0 1 0 1 命题单位 理学院:大学物理教研室 •、选择题(把正确答案的序号填写在题后的括号内,每题3分,共36分)1、一-质点在Oxy 平面内运动,其运动方程为x=at, y=b+ct 2,式中a 、b 、c 均为常数。
当运动质点的 运动方向与兀轴成45°角时,它的速率为:()A^ a B 、^2a C^ 2c D 、-Ja 2+4c 22、某人以4m/s 的速度向东行进时,感觉风从L E 北方向吹来,如果将速度增加到Sm/s,则感觉风是从东北 方向吹来,则风相对于地而的速度大小为:[ ]A> 4m/s ; 8m/s ; C^ 4-^2 m/s ; D 、8A /2 m/s o 3、一质点受到力F=3x 2l (SI)的作用,沿X 轴正方向运动。
从尸0到x=2m 过程中,力戸所作的功为:( )A 、8JB 、12JC 、16JD 、24J 4、一小船质量为100kg,船头到船尾共长3.6m,现有一质量为50kg 的人从船尾走到船头时,船头移动的 距离是(假定水的阻力不计):[] (A) 3.6m ; (B) 2.4m ; (C) 1.2m ; (D) 0.6m□ 5、花样滑冰运动员绕自身的竖直轴转动,开始时臂仲开,转动惯量为儿角速度为购,然后她将两臂收回,使转动惯量减少为八弘。
这时她转动的角速度变小17、一匀质矩形薄板,当它静止时,测得其长度G,宽度b,质量为枫).由此可算出其质量面密度为 假定该薄板沿长度方向以接近光速的速度y 作匀速血线运动,此种情况下,则该薄板的质最面密度为[]A. m Q /\ab(\ - v 2/c 2)].B. m {J\ab^\ - v 2/c 2). C. m 0 /M I -V 2A 2)3/2]- D. in 0 J1 - v 2/c 2 /(ab)8、匕知某简谐振动的振动111!线如图所缺 位移的单位为厘米,时间单位为秒•则此简谐振动的振动方程(C) 3a )0(D) 43CO 06、相对于地球以速度u 飞行的飞船, 要飞达某星球需要5年的时间,若飞船上的宇航员测得该旅程的时间 为4年,则飞船的速度应为:( )(A )2C ;5(B) -c 5(D)9、一平面简谐波在弹性媒质中传播,在媒质质元从授大位移处回到平衡位置的过程中:[](A )它的势能转换成动能;(B )它的动能转换成势能;(C )它从相邻的一段媒质质元获得能量,其能量逐 渐增加;(D )它把白己的能最传给相邻一段媒质质元,其能最逐渐减小。
大学物理期末考试试卷(含答案)完整版本

大学物理期末考试试卷(含答案)完整版本一、大学物理期末选择题复习1.一个质点在做圆周运动时,则有()(A) 切向加速度一定改变,法向加速度也改变(B) 切向加速度可能不变,法向加速度一定改变(C) 切向加速度可能不变,法向加速度不变(D) 切向加速度一定改变,法向加速度不变答案B2.静电场中高斯面上各点的电场强度是由:()(A) 高斯面内的电荷决定的 (B) 高斯面外的电荷决定的(C) 空间所有电荷决定的 (D) 高斯面内的电荷的代数和决定的答案C3.图为四个带电粒子在O点沿相同方向垂直于磁力线射入均匀磁场后的偏转轨迹的照片.磁场方向垂直纸面向外,轨迹所对应的四个粒子的质量相等,电量大小也相等,则其中动能最大的带负电的粒子的轨迹是()(A) Oa (B) Ob(C) Oc (D) Od答案C4.均匀细棒OA可绕通过其一端O而与棒垂直的水平固定光滑轴转动,如图所示,今使棒从水平位置由静止开始自由下落,在棒摆到竖直位置的过程中,下述说法正确的是( )(A ) 角速度从小到大,角加速度不变(B ) 角速度从小到大,角加速度从小到大(C ) 角速度从小到大,角加速度从大到小(D ) 角速度不变,角加速度为零答案C5.将一个带正电的带电体A 从远处移到一个不带电的导体B 附近,则导体B 的电势将( )(A ) 升高 (B ) 降低 (C ) 不会发生变化 (D ) 无法确定 答案A6.两根长度相同的细导线分别多层密绕在半径为R 和r 的两个长直圆筒上形成两个螺线管,两个螺线管的长度相同,R =2r ,螺线管通过的电流相同为I ,螺线管中的磁感强度大小B R 、B r 满足( )(A ) r R B B 2=(B ) r R B B =(C ) r R B B =2(D )r R B B 4=答案C7. 一运动质点在某瞬间位于位矢(,)r x y 的端点处,对其速度的大小有四种意见,即(1)dr dt ;(2)dr dt ;(3)ds dt;(422()()dx dy dt dt +下列判断正确的是:(A )只有(1)(2)正确 (B )只有(2)正确(C )只有(2)(3)正确 (D )只有(3)(4)正确答案 D8. 质点作曲线运动,r 表示位置矢量,v 表示速度,a 表示加速度,s 表示路程,t a 表示切向加速度。
南昌大学大学物理第二学期期末考试试卷

南昌大学 2005~2006学年第二学期期末考试试卷试卷编号: ( A )课程编号: T55020001--03 课程名称: 大学物理 考试形式: 闭卷 适用班级: 理工05级(Ⅰ)、〔Ⅱ〕、〔Ⅲ〕姓名: 学号: 学院: 专业: 班级: 考试日期:06年6月题号 一 二 三 四五六总分 累分人 签名题分 30 22 48 100 得分本试卷共6页,得分 评阅人、质点在力y F 22== ,= 。
其运动学方程为x = 8 由0至4s 的时间OR △QABE 0E 0/3E 0/3第3题图二、 选择题(每题 2 分,共 22分)得分 评阅人1、一光滑的内外表半径为10 cm 的半球形碗,以匀角速度ω绕其对称OC 旋转.放在碗内外表上的一个小球P 相对于碗静止,其位置高于碗底4 cm ,则由此可推知碗旋转的角速度约为 (A) 10 rad/s . (B) 13 rad/s .(C) 17 rad/s (D) 18 rad/s . [ ]ωPCOAMBF第1题图 第2题图2、如下图,A 、B 为两个相同的绕着轻绳的定滑轮.A 滑轮挂一质量为M 的物体,B 滑轮受拉力F ,而且F =Mg .设A 、B 两滑轮的角加速度分别为βA 和βB ,不计滑轮轴的摩擦,则有 (A) βA =βB . (B) βA >βB .(C) βA <βB . (D) 开始时βA =βB ,以后βA <βB . [ ] 3、 假设卫星围绕地球中心作圆周运动,则在运动过程中,卫星对地球中心的 (A) 角动量守恒,动能也守恒. (B) 角动量守恒,动能不守恒. (C) 角动量不守恒,动能守恒. (D) 角动量不守恒,动量也不守恒.(E) 角动量守恒,动量也守恒. [ ] 4、如下图,一匀质细杆可绕通过上端与杆垂直的水平光滑固定轴O 旋转,初始状态为静止悬挂.现有一个小球自左方水平打击细杆.设小球与细杆之间为非弹性碰撞,则在碰撞过程中对细杆与小球这一系统(A) 只有机械能守恒. (B) 只有动量守恒. (C) 只有对转轴O 的角动量守恒.(D) 机械能、动量和角动量均守恒. [ ]OEO r(B) E ∝1/r 2RE O r(A) E ∝1/r 2 REOr(C) E ∝1/r 2REOr(D) E ∝1/r 2第4题图 第5题图5、半径为R 的均匀带电球面的静电场中各点的电场强度的大小E 与距球心的距离r 之间的关系曲线为:[ B ]6、把戏滑冰运发动绕通过自身的竖直轴转动,开始时两臂伸开,转动惯量为J 0,角速度为ω0.然后她将两臂收回,使转动惯量减少为31J 0.这时运发动转动的角速度变为 (A)31ω0. (B) ()3/1 ω0. Jw(C) 3 ω0. (D) 3 ω0. [ ]R OUrU ∝1/r(A) R OUrU ∝1/r(B) R OUrU ∝1/r(C)R OUrU ∝1/r 2(D)ROUr U ∝1/r 2(E)第7题图7、半径为R 的均匀带电球面,总电荷为Q .设无穷远处电势为零,则该带电体所产生的电场的电势U ,随离球心的距离r 变化的分布曲线为[ ]8、有两个大小不相同的金属球,大球直径是小球的两倍,大球带电,小球不带电,两者相距很远.今用细长导线将两者相连,在忽略导线的影响下,大球与小球的带电之比为: (A) 2. (B) 1.(C) 1/2. (D) 0. [ ] 9、在点电荷+q 的电场中,假设取图中P 点处为电势零点 , 则M 点的电势为(A)a q 04επ. (B) a q08επ.(C) a q 04επ-. (D) aq08επ-. [ ]aa+qPMⅠⅡⅢⅣ第9题图 第10题图10、图中,六根无限长导线互相绝缘,通过电流均为I ,地域Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ均为相等的正方形,哪一个地域指向纸内的磁通量最大?(A) Ⅰ地域. (B) Ⅱ地域. (C) Ⅲ地域. (D) Ⅳ地域.(E) 最大不止一个. [ ] 11、 有以下几种说法: (1) 全部惯性系对物理根本规律都是等价的. (2) 在真空中,光的速度与光的频率、光源的运动状态无关.(3) 在任何惯性系中,光在真空中沿任何方向的传播速率都相同.假设问其中哪些说法是正确的, 答案是(A) 只有(1)、(2)是正确的. (B) 只有(1)、(3)是正确的. (C) 只有(2)、(3)是正确的. (D) 三种说法都是正确的. [ ]三、计算题(共48分)得分 评阅人1、一物体悬挂在弹簧上作竖直振动,其加速度为-=a ky ,式中k 为常量,y 是以平衡位置为原点所测得的坐标. 假定振动的物体在坐标y 0处的速度为v 0,试求速度v 与坐标y 的函数关系式.〔此题7分〕解: yt y y t a d d d d d d d d vvv v === 又 -=a ky ∴ -k =y v d v / d y 3分⎰⎰+=-=-C ky y ky 222121 , d d v v v 3分=y y 0 ,=v v 0 则 20202121ky C --=v )(220202y y k -+=v v 1分2、质量m = kg 的匀质圆盘,可以绕通过其中心且垂直盘面的水平光滑固定轴转动,对轴的转动惯量J =221mr (r 为盘的半径).圆盘边缘绕有绳子,绳子下端挂一质量m 1=1.0kg 的物体,如下图.起初在圆盘上加一恒力矩使物体以速率v 0= m/s 匀速上升,如撤去所加力矩,问经历多少时间圆盘开始作反方向转动.〔此题7分〕m 1m ,r3、如下图,一长为10 cm 的均匀带正电细杆,其电荷为×10-8 C ,试求在杆的延长线上距杆的端点5 cm 处的P 点的电场强度.(41επ=9×109 N ·m 2/C 2 )〔此题8分〕P 10 cm5 cm4、一链条总长为 l ,质量为m ,放在桌面上,并使其下垂,下垂一端的长度为a ,设链条与桌面之间的滑动摩擦系数为μ,令链条由静止开始运动,则 到链条离开桌面的过程中,摩擦力对链条作了多少功?〔此题8分〕5、半径为R 的半圆线圈ACD 通有电流I 2,置于电流为I 1的无限长直线电流的磁场中,直线电流I 1恰过半圆的直径,两导线相互绝缘.求半圆线圈受到长直线电流I 1的磁力. 〔此题10分〕I 2I 1A DC6、如下图,有一根长直导线,载有直流电流I ,近旁有一个两条对边与它平行并与它共面的矩形线圈,以匀速度v沿垂直于导线的方向离开导线.设t =0时,线圈位于图示位置,求(1) 在任意时刻t 通过矩形线圈的磁通量 .(2) 在图示位置时矩形线圈中的电动势. 〔此题8分〕Ia bv l2005~2006-2期末考试A 试卷评分参考标准一、1、0 ; 18J 2、 0 m ;16 m 3、()40216/R S Q ε∆π 由圆心O 点指向△S4、 -2ε0E 0 / 3 ; 4ε0E 0 / 35、 q / (6πε0R )6、 1∶17、 1.2×103 T8、×1089、狭义相对论的两条原理说的是相对性原理和光速不变原理 10、ADCBA 绕向 二、B 、C 、A 、C 、B 、D 、A 、A 、D 、B 、D 、三、1、解: yt y y t a d d d d d d d d vvv v === 又 -=a ky ∴ -k =y v d v / d y 3分⎰⎰+=-=-C ky y ky 222121 , d d v v v 3分=y y 0 ,=v v 0 则 20202121ky C --=v )(220202y y k -+=v v 1分 2、撤去外加力矩后受力分析如下图.m 1g -T = m 1a 1分Tr =J β 2分a =r β 1分 a = m 1gr / ( m 1r + J / r ) 代入J =221mr , a =mm gm 2111+= 6.32 ms -2 1分 ∵ v 0-at =0 1分 ∴ t =v 0 / a =0.095 s 1分3、解: 设P 点在杆的右边,选取杆的左端为坐标原点O ,x 轴沿杆的方向,如图,并设杆的长度为L .P 点离杆的端点距离为d .在x 处取一电荷元d q =(q /L )d x ,它在P 点产生场强()()20204d 4d d x d L L xq x d L q E -+π=-+π=εε 3分 P 点处的总场强为()()d L d qx d L x L q E L +π=-+π=⎰00204d 4εε 3分 代入题目所给数据,得E =×104 N/m 1分E的方向沿x 轴正向. 1分4、某一时刻的摩擦力为x l mg f )(-=μ, 4分 摩擦力作功为:2)(2)(d )(a l lmg dx x l l mg x f A l a l a f --=--=-=⎰⎰μμ 4分5、解:长直导线在周围空间产生的磁场分布为 )2/(10r I B π=μ取xOy 坐标系如图,则在半圆线圈所在处各点产生的磁感强度大小为:θμsin 210R I B π=, 方向垂直纸面向里, 2分精品文档式中θ 为场点至圆心的联线与y 轴的夹角.半圆线圈上d l 段线电流所受的力为:θθμd sin 2210R R I I π=2分θcos d d F F y =.根据对称性知: F y =0d =⎰y F 2分θsin d d F F x = ,⎰π=0x x dF F ππ=2210I I μ2210I I μ=2分∴半圆线圈受I 1的磁力的大小为: 2210I I F μ=, 方向:垂直I 1向右. 2分6、解:(1) ⎰⎰⋅π==Sr l r I S B t d 2d )(0μ Φ⎰++π=tb t a r r l I v v d 20μt a tb l I v v ++π=ln 20μ 4分 (2) aba b lI t t π-=-==2)(d d 00v μΦE 4分。
05-06(2)《大学物理I》双语期末考试试卷(A)(滕小瑛)

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II) Fill in the empty space with correct answer: (3 marks of each)
1. A 0.2 kg ball is rolling down the street at 7.5m/s. Its total kinetic energy should be: ______ ______________________________.
same frequency. Wave A has an amplitude (振幅) that is twice that of wave B and transmits
energy at a rate that is _______ that of wave B.
A) Half
B) twice
A) The system is symmetrical(对称)
B) The angular momentum points along the symmetry axis
C) The net torque is zero
D) The system is dynamically balanced (动力平衡)
3. The velocity of a 2.0 kg body moving in the xy plane is given by v = (7.0i − 2.0j) m s . Its position vector is r = (2.0i + 1.0j) m . Its angular momentum about the origin should be:_____ ________________________________________________ kg m 2 s.
《大学物理》学期期末考试试题及解答

《大学物理A 》学期期末考试试题及解答一 选择题(共30分)1.(本题3分)如图所示,在坐标(a ,0)处放置一点电荷+q ,在坐标(-a ,0)处放置另一点电荷-q .P 点是y 轴上的一点,坐标为(0,y ).当y >>a 时,该点场强的大小为: (A)204y q επ. (B)202y q επ. (C)302y qa επ. (D) 304yqaεπ. [ ]2.(本题3分)半径为R 的均匀带电球面的静电场中各点的电场强度的大小E 与距球心的距离r 之间的关系曲线为:[ ]3.(本题3分)如图所示,边长为a 的等边三角形的三个顶点上,分别放置着三个正的点电荷q 、2q 、3q .若将另一正点电荷Q 从无穷远处移到三角形的中心O 处,外力所作的功为:(A) a qQ023επ . (B) aqQ 03επ.E Or(D) E ∝1/r 2q 2q(C)a qQ 0233επ. (D) aqQ032επ. [ ] 4.(本题3分)图中实线为某电场中的电场线,虚线表示等势(位)面,由图可看出:(A) E A >E B >E C ,U A >U B >U C .(B) E A <E B <E C ,U A <U B <U C . (C) E A >E B >E C ,U A <U B <U C .(D) E A <E B <E C ,U A >U B >U C . [ ]5.(本题3分)光滑的水平桌面上,有一长为2L 、质量为m 的匀质细杆,可绕过其中点且垂直于杆的竖直光滑固定轴O 自由转动,其转动惯量为31mL 2,起初杆静止.桌面上有两个质量均为m 的小球,各自在垂直于杆的方向上,正对着杆的一端,以相同速率v 相向运动,如图所示.当两小球同时与杆的两个端点发生完全非弹性碰撞后,就与杆粘在一起转动,则这一系统碰撞后的转动角速度应为(A)L 32v . (B) L 54v . (C) L 76v . (D) L 98v . (E) L712v . [ ]6.(本题3分)如图,匀强磁场中有一矩形通电线圈,它的平面与磁场平行,在磁场作用下,线圈发生转动,其方向是(A) ab 边转入纸内,cd 边转出纸外.(B) ab 边转出纸外,cd 边转入纸内.(C) ad 边转入纸内,bc 边转出纸外. (D) ad 边转出纸外,bc 边转入纸内. [ ]7.(本题3分)无限长直导线在P 处弯成半径为R 的圆,当通以电流I 时,则在圆心O 点的磁感强度大小等于 (A) R I π20μ. (B) RI40μ.(C) 0. (D) )11(20π-R Iμ. (E))11(40π+R Iμ. [ ] 8.(本题3分)光滑的水平桌面上,有一长为2L 、质量为m 的匀质细杆,可绕过其中点且垂直于杆的竖直光滑固定轴O 自由转动,其转动惯量为31mL 2,起初杆静止.桌面上有两个质量均为m 的小球,各自在垂直于杆的方向上,正对着杆的一端,以相同速率v 相向运动,如图所示.当两小球同时与杆的两个端点发生完全非弹性碰撞后,就与杆粘在一起转动,则这一系统碰撞后的转动角速度应为(A)L 32v . (B) L 54v . (C) L 76v . (D) L 98v . (E) L712v . [ ]9.(本题3分)真空中一根无限长直细导线上通电流I ,则距导线垂直距离为a 的空间某点处的磁能密度为 (A)200)2(21a I πμμ (B) 200)2(21aI πμμ (C)20)2(21I a μπ (D) 200)2(21aI μμ [ ] 10.(本题3分)根据相对论力学,动能为0.25 MeV 的电子,其运动速度约等于 (A) 0.1c (B) 0.5 c(C) 0.75 c (D) 0.85 c [ ] (c 表示真空中的光速,电子的静能m 0c 2 = 0.51 MeV)二 填空题(共38分)11.(本题3分)在半径为R 1、质量为m 的静止水平圆盘上,站一质量为m 的人。
湖南大学 大学物理A(1)期末试卷2份(含答案)
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(D) 40 J.
3. 将细绳绕在一个具有水平光滑轴的飞轮边缘上,现在在绳端挂一质量为 m 的重物, 飞轮的角加速度为.如果以拉力 2mg 代替重物拉绳时,飞轮的角加速度将 (A) 小于. (B) 大于,小于 2. (C) 大于 2. (D) 等于 2. 4. 设声波通过理想气体的速率正比于气体分子的热运动平均速率, 则声波通过具有相
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课程名称: 普通物理 A(1);课程编码:GE03005 试卷编号: 1 ;考试时间:120 分钟
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一、选择题(单选题,每小题 3 分,共 30 分) 1. 一运动质点在某瞬时位于矢径 r x, y 的端点处, 其速度大小为 (A)
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3(本题 2 分) 一飞轮作匀减速转动,在 5 s 内角速度由 40 rad·s1 减到 20 rad·s-1,则飞轮在 这 5 s 内总共转过了__________圈,飞轮再经___________的时间才能停止转动. 4(本题 3 分) 如图所示,A、B 两飞轮的轴杆在一条直线上,并可用 摩擦啮合器 C 使它们连结.开始时 B 轮静止,A 轮以角速 度A 转动,设在啮合过程中两飞轮不受其它力矩的作 用.当两轮连结在一起后,共同的角速度为.若 A 轮的 转动惯量为 JA,则 B 轮的转动惯量 JB=______________.
大学物理(a1)期末考试试题(第四套).docx
西南科技大学201X-201X-2学期《大学物理A1》本科期末考试试卷(第四套) 课程代码1 6 1 9 9 0 1 0 1 命题单位 理学院:大学物理教研室一、选择题(把正确答案的序号填写在题后的括号内,每题3分,共36分)1、 一小球沿斜面向上运动,其运动方程为5 = 5 + 4r-r 2,则小球运动到最高点的时刻是:〔)(A) Is ; (B) 2s ;(C) 3s ; (D) 4s 。
2、 一质点按规律s = t 3+2t 2在圆形轨道上作变速圆周运动,s 为沿圆形轨道的自然坐标。
如果当t = 2s 时的总加速度大小为16V2m/?,则此圆形轨道的半径为:( 〕(A ) 16m: ( B ) 25m ; ( C ) 50加; (D) 100m o3、当一列火车以5^3 m/s 的速率水平向前行驶时,相对于地面匀速竖直下落的雨滴,在列车的窗子上形 成的雨迹与竖直方向成30°的角。
则雨滴相对于地面的速率为( )。
A 、5 m/s 10m/s C 、15m/s ; D 、17. 3 m/s4、粒子B 的质量是粒子A 的质量的4倍,开始时粒子A 的速度为37+4了,粒子B 的速度为2i-7j ,由于两 者的相互作用,粒子A 的速度变为右-4],此时粒子B 的速度等于( )。
(A) 1-5) (B) 2i-7](0 0 (D) 5—3] 5、下列说法中正确的是:〔) (A) 対于质点系而言,质心加速度不仅与系统所受的外力有关,还与内力有关;(B) 质点系的质心速度保持不变与质点系的动量不变是等效的;(0)质点系的质心加速度保持不变与质点系的动量不变是等效的;(D)质心就是地球对物体各部分引力的合力的作用点。
6、质量为M 、长为L 的柔软匀质链条,放置于 光滑水平桌面上,下垂部分的长度为L/3,如图 所示,此时链条由静止开始下落,则当整个链条 脱离桌面时的速度大小为:()7、若从一惯性系中测得一相对其高速运动的宇宙飞船的长度为其固有长度的一半,则该宇宙飞船相对于 此惯性系的飞行速率为:[]8、质点以频率1/作简谐振动时,它的动能随时间的变化频率为:[(B) —;(C) 5 4c(D) 4Vo9、一平面简谐波沿X轴负方向传播,己知x=b(b为正值常量)处的质点的振动方程为Acos(仙+ 0), 波速为u,则该波的表达式为:( )b x h x(A) y= A cos[ co(t ---------- ) + 0] ; (B) y = A cos[ co{t +----------- )+0];U U •u ub x b x(C)y = A cos[ co(t + —+—)+(/)];(D) y = Acos[69(r ——+ —) + 如。
大学物理试题-国外英文
大学物理试题(国外英文资料)College physics examination questionsFirst, the multiple-choice questions: (39 points)1. (3 points)The acceleration of a particle moving at a radius of R is the magnitude of the acceleration (V means the velocity of a particle at any time)(A) (B)(C) (D) [[]]2. (3 points)An object of mass m falls from the air and is affected by gravity as well as a resistance proportional to the square of velocity. The coefficient of proportionality is k, and K is the normal number. The closing velocity of the falling object (i.e., the speed at which the final object moves at uniform speed) will be(A) (B)(C) GK (D) [[]]3. (3 points)A spring oscillator of M quality is placed horizontally at rest in equilibrium. As shown, a bullet with a mass of M is injected into the oscillator at a horizontal velocity and then moved along with it. If the level is smooth, then the maximum potential energy of the spring is(A) (B)(C) (D) [[]]4. (3 points)A child of the quality of M stands on the edge of a horizontal platform with a radius of R. The platform can rotate freely through a vertical, smooth, fixed axis through its center. The moment of inertia is J. Both the platform and the child are stationary at the start. When the child suddenly moves counter clockwise toward the edge of the platform at a rate of V relative to the ground, the angular velocity and the rotation direction of the platform relative to the ground are(A) clockwise.(B) counter clockwise.(C) clockwise.(D) counter clockwise. [...]5. (3 points)Two different ideal gases, if their most probable rates are equal, their(A) equal to the average rate, root mean square speed equal.(B) equal to the average rate, root mean square speed is not equal.(C) the average rate is not equal, the root mean square speed equal.(D) the average rate is not equal, not equal to the root mean square speed. [...]6. (3 points)According to the second law of thermodynamics:(A) work can be converted to heat, but heat can not be converted to power.(B) heat can be transferred from a hot object to a cryogenic substance, but not from a cryogenic object to a high temperature object.(C) irreversible processes are processes that cannot proceed in the opposite direction.(D) all spontaneous processes are irreversible. [...]7. (3 points)There are several explanations for the interpretation of Gauss's theorem:(A) if the Gauss surface is zero everywhere, there is no charge in the plane.(B) if the Gauss surface has no charge, then the Gauss surface is zero everywhere.(C) if there is no zero on the Gauss surface, there must be charges in the Gauss plane.(D) if there is a net charge in the Gauss plane, the electric flux through the Gauss surface must not be zero.(E) Gauss's theorem applies only to electric fields with high symmetry. [...]8. (3 points)The radius of the cross section of a long straight wire is a, and a thin cylinder with a radius of B is coaxially arranged outside the conductor, and the two of them are insulated from each other. And the outer cylinder is grounded as shown. The electric charge per unit length of the wire is +, and the potential of the earth is zero. Then the field strength and the electric potential of the P point (Op=r) between the twoconductors are respectively:(A)(B)(C)(D) [[]]9. (3 points)The square coils with side lengths are respectively represented by two modes of current I (wherein the AB and CD are coplanar with the square), and in these two cases, the magnetic induction intensity of the coil at the center of the coil is respectively(A)(B)(C)(D) [[]]10. (3 points)The picture shows four charged particles in the same direction perpendicular to the magnetic field line, and the deflection trajectory of the magnetic field is injected into the uniformmagnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the O,The trajectory of the four particles is equal in mass and the magnitude of the electric energy is equal. In that case, the trajectory of the negatively charged particles with the largest kinetic energy is(A) Oa (B) Ob(C) Oc (D) Od [...]11. (3 points)A mass of simple harmonic vibration on the X axis, the amplitude of A = 4cm, T = 2S cycle, its equilibrium position is taken as the origin of coordinates, if t=0 the first moment of the particle by x= 2cm, and to the negative direction of X axis motion is second 2cm particle by x= at the moment(A) 1s (B) (2/3) s(C) (4/3) s (D) 2S [[]]12. (3 points)Using wedge interference method can detect surface defects, when the wavelength of monochromatic parallel light vertical incident, if the interference fringes observed as shown in the figure, each part of the fringe vertex exactly with left fringeof the straight part of the tangent line, then the surface of the workpiece and bending at the corresponding part of the fringe(A) raised, and the height is (B) raised, and the height is...(C) depressions, and the depth is (D) depressions, and the depth is []13. (3 points)A beam of light is a mixture of natural light and polarized light, let it through a vertical polarizer, if this incident beam axis rotating polarizer, the measured transmission light intensity maximum is 5 times the minimum value, then the incident beam in natural light and polarized light intensity ratio is(A) 1 / 2 (B) 1 / 5(C) 1 / 3 (D) 2 / 3Two, fill in the blanks: (46 points)1. (3 points)Let the particles move along the X axis. When the initial condition is t=0, the initial velocity is v0=0, and the coordinate x0=10 is a=4t. Then the equation of motion is.2. (3 points)Under the action of constant force F, an object moves in a straight line. The equation of motion is x=A-Bt+ct2 (A, B, C is constant), and the mass of the object should be m=.3. (3 points)At a constant speed, the quality of M ship, respectively, forward and backward at the same time the level of two throws of equal mass (m) objects thrown two objects relative to the ship the same rate (U) expression of the ship and try to write in the process of the system of the law of conservation of momentum (don't have Jane, for reference).4. (5 points)As shown in the figure, a homogeneous consolidation in a thin rod end ball, and can rotate around a horizontal smooth fixed shaft O to rotate, there is a bullet along with the horizontal angle direction and embedded in the ball hit, then hit in the process of conservation, cricket, bullets, rod system, the reason is. The process of cricket bat and ball increased after being hit in the conservation on cricket, bullets, rod, earth system.5. (3 points)At room temperature, the pressure of the ideal gas of 1 moldiatomic molecules is P, and the volume is V, and the average kinetic energy of the gas molecule is.6. (3 points)If the pressure and volume of an ideal gas remain constant, but the mass and temperature change, then can the internal energy change?.7. (3 points)The thermodynamic temperature of a high temperature heat source is n times of the thermodynamic temperature of a low temperature heat source. In a Kano cycle, the heat delivered by a gas to a cryogenic heat source is twice as much as that obtained from a high temperature heat source.8. (3 points)A simple harmonic wave propagates along the positive direction of the X axis. The relation curves between the vibration velocity and time at two points of X1 and X2 are shown as follows (a) and (b), and the distance between X1 and X2 is known as (lambda lambda).9. (3 points)White light (4000-7000) vertical incidence of 4000 slits per centimeter of grating, can produce the level of the complete visible spectrum.10. (3 points)A charged metal ball, when it is surrounded by a vacuum, stores the electrostatic energy of Wo and keeps its energy constant,It is immersed in an infinite isotropic homogeneous dielectric with relative dielectric constant, when its electrostatic energy is We =.11. (6 points)The three basic assumptions of Bohr's theory of hydrogen atoms are:(1),(2),(3).12. (5 points)An electron at a rate of motion of 0.99c (electron rest mass of 9.11 * 1031kg), then the total electron energy is J, the kinetic energy of classical mechanics and relativistic electron kinetic energy ratio.13. (3 points)Static mass is me the potential for electronic, electrostaticfield accelerated U12, without considering the effect of relativity, the De Broglie wavelength lambda = E.Three. Calculation questions: (65 points)1. (10 points)The equation of motion of a known particle is (as a constant),Find (1) the trajectory equation and velocity of the particle(2) the velocity of a particle and the rotation direction ofa particle(3) the relation between the acceleration of a particle and the vector?2. (10 points)M was a short tube, with a length of hard straight rod suspension as shown in figure L, quality can be ignored, with ether droplets Sheng tube, pipe with mass m cork closed, when the heating tube cork in the ether vapor pressure to fly out, hanging around the tube O in the vertical plane for a complete circular motion, then the minimum speed of the cork flew out for? If you change a hard straight pole into a string, what if?3. (10 points)Having two concentric spherical shells with a radius of insulation for each other, and when the + Q is given to the inner ball:(1) the charge distribution and electric potential of the outer sphere;(2) re insulating the ball after grounding, the charge distribution and the electric potential of the outer sphere(3) then, the inner sphere is grounded, the charge distribution of the inner sphere and the potential of the outer sphere4. (10 points)As shown in the figure, the plane charged ring two coplanar, the inner and outer radius are respectively R1, R2 and R2, R3, the outside of the ring to a second N2 RPM clockwise, inside the ring to a second N1 rpm counterclockwise. If the charge surface density is the ratio of the N1 to the N2, the magnetic induction intensity at the center of the circle is zero.5. (10 points)As shown in the figure, the current long straight conductor for I, a B C D rectangular frame with a long straight conductorcoplanar, and the a D A D C / B a B edge D side is fixed, a and C B to speed without friction uniform translational t=0, a, B and C D side edge coincidence, set line inductance negligible.(1) for example, i=I0, seek the electromotive force in a B, a, B, two points, which point has high potential?(2) the total induced electromotive force in the wire frame when the a b t is moved to the position shown by i=I0cos omega.6. (10 points)A plane harmonic wave propagates along the negative direction of the Ox axis, the wavelength is lambda, and the vibration law of the particle at P is shown in figure.(1) seeking the vibration equation of particle at P;(2) find the wave equation of this wave;(3) in the figure, the vibration equation of the particle at the coordinate origin O is calculated.7. (5 points)In the experiment of single slit Fraunhofer diffraction for white, second bright fringe center is measured at the wavelength of third level bright fringe center and thewavelength for the red wavelength for overlap.Second pageThree hundred and thirty-oneSouth China University of TechnologyIn 2004, I studied the master's degree entrance examination papers(the answer to the test paper is invalid. Please answer it on the answer sheet. After the test, this volume must be returned with the answer sheet.)Subject name: General PhysicsApplicable profession: Philosophy of science and technology Common pageFirst page。
大学物理期末考试题上册10套附答案【呕心沥血整理版】
n 3上海电机学院 200_5_–200_6_学年第_二_学期《大学物理 》课程期末考试试卷 1 2006。
7开课学院: ,专业: 考试形式:闭卷,所需时间 90 分钟考生姓名: 学号: 班级 任课教师一、填充題(共30分,每空格2分) 1.一质点沿x 轴作直线运动,其运动方程为3262x t t m ,则质点在运动开始后4s 内位移的大小为___________,在该时间内所通过的路程为_____________。
2。
如图所示,一根细绳的一端固定,另一端系一小球,绳长0.9L m =,现将小球拉到水平位置OA 后自由释放,小球沿圆弧落至C 点时,30OC OA θ=与成,则 小球在C 点时的速率为____________, 切向加速度大小为__________,法向加速度大小为____________。
(210g m s =).3。
一个质点同时参与两个在同一直线上的简谐振动,其振动的表达式分别为:2155.010cos(5t )6x m 、2113.010cos(5t )6x m 。
则其合振动的频率 为_____________,振幅为 ,初相为 。
4、如图所示,用白光垂直照射厚度400d nm 的薄膜,若薄膜的折射率为 21.40n ,且12n n n 3,则反射光中 nm ,波长的可见光得到加强,透射光中 nm 和___________ nm 可见光得到加强.5。
频率为100Hz ,传播速度为s m 300的平面波,波 长为___________,波线上两点振动的相差为3π,则此两点相距 ___m 。
6. 一束自然光从空气中入射到折射率为1.4的液体上,反射光是全偏振光,则此光束射角等于______________,折射角等于______________.二、选择題(共18分,每小题3分) 1。
一质点运动时,0=n a ,ta c (c 是不为零的常量),此质点作( )。
(A )匀速直线运动;(B)匀速曲线运动; (C) 匀变速直线运动; (D )不能确定 2。
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3. Two sinusoidal waves travel in the same direction and have the same frequency. Their amplitudes are y1m and y2m. The smallest possible amplitude of the resultant wave is: A) y1m + y2m and occurs when they are 180° out of phase B) ⎜y1m – y2m⎜ and occurs when they are 180° out of phase C) y1m + y2m and occurs when they are in phase D) ⎜y1m – y2m⎜ and occurs when they are in phase []
8. A standing wave pattern is established in a string as shown. The wavelength of one of the component traveling waves is: _______ _________.
9.. In theYoung’s double-slit system, if one of slits is covered up by a media layer (媒质膜) (n=1.40) and the other is covered up by a media layer (n=1.70), (they have same thickness). After the two media layers are inserted, the original central bright fringe will be replaced by the 7-order bright fringes (屏幕上原中央极大所在点变为第七级明纹), if the wavelength of incident light is 450nm, The thickness of both two layers is__________________________。
= (m + 1/ 2).
D)
n2t = (m + 1 )λ .
2
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II) Fill in the empty space with correct answer:
1. A hoop (环) has a mass of 200 grams and a radius of 25 cm. It rolls without slipping along flat
ground at 500 cm/s. Its total kinetic energy is:___________ __________
2. A particle located at the position vector
rr
=
r (3 i
−
2
r j)
m
has a force
r F
=
r (3 i
vr
=
r (4.0 i
−
r 3.0 j)
should be:___
m
s
.
Its position ____.
4. The phase difference between the positions and the acceleration of objects moving in simple harmonic motion is:____________________.
C) one-fourth
D) four times
[]
7. In an experiment to measure the wavelength of light using a double slit, it is found that
the fringes are too close together to easily count them. To spread out (展开) the fringe pattern
+
r j)
N
acting
on
it.
The torque about the origin should be:___________ ___________
v3ec. tTohr eisverrlo=c(i2ty.0orif+a12.0.r0j)kmg.b. oItdsyanmgouvlainrgmionmtheentxuymplaabnoeuitstghievoenrigbiyn
5.. Two particles do simple harmonic motion of the same amplitude and frequency along closed parallel lines. They pass each other moving in opposite directions each time their displacement is half their amplitude. Then their phase difference is _____ ________.
A) Nπ where N is an integer
B) (N + 1/2)π where N is an integer
C) the angle to the first minimum
D) the angle to the second maximum
[]
9.The resolving power (分辨能力) of a telescope (望远镜) can be increased by:
(I)
(II)
(III)
Total Score
(I) Choose one correct answer among following choices:
1. Three identical objects, each of mass M, are fastened to a massless rod of length L as shown. The rotational inertia about one end of the rod of this array is: A) ML2/2 B) 3ML2/2 C) 5ML2/4 D) 3ML2 []
6. Mass m oscillating on the end of a spring with spring constant k has amplitude A. Its maximum speed is:_______ _______________
7. The displacement of a string is given by y(x,t) = ymsin(kx + ωt). The speed of the wave is: ________________.
to have a
A) greater amplitude.
B) smaller amplitude.
C) lower frequency.
E) higher frequency.
[
]
12. A thin film of thickness t and index of refraction n is surrounded by air on both sides.
(条纹花样), one could:
A) halve (减半) the slit separation B) double the slit separation
C) double the width of each slit D) halve the width of each slit
[
]
8.In the equation sinθ = λ/a for single-slit diffraction, θ is:
A) increasing the objective focal length and decreasing the eyepiece focal length
B) increasing the lens diameters
C) decreasing the lens diameters
D) inserting (插入) a correction lens between objective and eyepiece
[]
10. X rays are:
A) rapidly moving protons
B) negatively charged ions (离子)
C) rapidly moving electrons
D) electromagnetic waves
[]
11. The Doppler effect causes the sound from a source moving toward an observer to appear
10. In a stack (排列在一起的) of three polarizing sheets (偏振片) the first and third are crossed (相垂直) while the middle one has its axis at 45° to the axes of the other two. If the intensity of incident unpolarized light is I0, then the intensity of transmitted light by the stack is ( I3 = ):___ ____.