Stars on a Snowy Night (雨雪时候的心情)
散文英译的形似与神似
一、散文的三个特点 二、散文翻译的技巧 1. 灵活用词，传神达意 2. 句式的对等 3.“形”变而“神”不变 三、朱自清《匆匆》两个译本比较 （张培基 VS 朱纯深）
散文主要有三个特点： 1.
篇幅短小，题材广泛，精练隽永， 耐人寻味； 2. 散而不乱，形式灵活； 3. 长于抒情，语言优美。
（7）巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文, 一幅古雅冲淡的图画。 （柯灵，《巷》） The lane, in the terms of the art of urban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity. gentle gracefulness使原文两个并列形容词“飘 逸”“恬静”转变为“定语+抽象名词”的形式,内 容不变,是文学翻译常用方法。
就翻译技巧而言，在散文翻译中,要特别注意句子 的动态对等 (Dynamic Equivalence)。 一方面，在汉英差异较大时，要根据句子之间的逻 辑意义，对句子进行重组，用英语的思维习惯来表 达汉语的意思； 另一方面，又要注意句子的修辞风格形式，尽可能 保留体现原文风格的句式，这样才能既把内容译透， 又把风格译好。
（5）可是要想结婚，第一要有钱，第二要有闲， 第三要有职，这潘驴……的五个条件，却也很不 容易办到。 （郁达夫：《谈结婚》） 译文: But, to get married, you need to have five prerequisites, namely, money, leisure, employment, good looks and potentness, of which all are not always available. “潘驴”源自《金瓶梅》第三回，指“潘安的貌” 和“驴大行货”，在文中分别指第四、第五两个 条件。 “潘，驴，邓，子，闲”。 邓：邓通 子：绵里针。
下雪的夜晚英文怎么写作文
下雪的夜晚英文怎么写作文"英文，"I remember the night it snowed. It was a magical evening, with big fluffy snowflakes falling from the sky. I was sitting by the window, sipping on a hot cup of cocoa, watching the snow cover the ground. It was so peaceful and beautiful, I couldn't help but feel happy and content.I decided to go for a walk outside, even though it was cold. The snow was crunching under my boots as I walked, and the streetlights reflected off the snow, making everything look like a winter wonderland. It was so quiet, you could almost hear the snowflakes falling.I met my neighbor on the way, and we chatted for a while about how the snow always seems to bring people together. It's like a common experience that everyone can bond over. We laughed and joked about how we were both terrible at shoveling snow, but we still enjoyed the beautyof it.After my walk, I went back inside and curled up with a good book. The soft glow of the lamp and the sound of the snow falling outside made me feel so cozy and content. It was a night to remember, and I felt grateful for the simple joys that the snow brought."中文，"那天晚上下雪了。
英语美文赏析：雪天随想 Feeling in Snow
英语美文赏析：雪天随想 Feeling in Snowy DaysFeeling in Snowy DaysWhen it snows, the whole world is transformed. The snow muffles the sounds of the city, creating a quiet, peaceful atmosphere. The snow is like a blanket, covering the ground and buildings. It's like a white canvas that people can paint on with their footprints.Snowy days make me feel so relaxed. I like to take a walk and enjoy the beauty of the snow. I can watch the snowflakes gently fall from the sky, each one unique and beautiful. The snowflakes twinkle like stars in the night sky. I feel like I'm in a dream.Snowy days also bring joy. I like to make snowmen, have snowball fights and make snow angels. I also like to take pictures of the snow-covered landscape. The snow creates a magical atmosphere that I can't resist.When the snow melts, I feel a little sad. I know that the snow won't be around forever. But I also know that the snow will come again, and I will be able to enjoy it again. Snowy days bring a feeling of joy and peace that I can't find anywhere else.。
英语翻译赏析
2）前面说过，张培基先生追求的是再现 原文的神韵，所以张先生在翻译时始终是 站在全局的高度上，透彻理解原文，增益 和删略恰倒好处，使原文潜层语意得到充 分演绎。再看两例：
例2： 这尊塑像站了几百年了，他觉得这是一种苦役。 （艾青《偶像的话》）
译文： Having stood the statue had
赏析：原文中"一朵……一朵……一朵"是一个排比结构，并列关系，而张培基 先生却把它处理为one … another … still another 这种递进结构，使译文更接 近"英式思维"，更地道。此外，张先生对几个颜色词的处理也恰倒好处。"Sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged with blood red" 中两个颜色词组搭配得珠联璧合， 这样，一朵虽然纤弱但对生命仍然执着的蔷薇花便跃然纸上。
赏析：“叶”的涵义是“落叶”，译为fallen leaf； “大约”只不过是一个口头 语，起到舒缓语气的作用，并不是真正意义上的“差不多，可能但不确定”所 以该词可以不必译出； “遥想”这个词的含义已被前文的ancient saying表 达出来了，所以翻译时也可以删略； more than enough是增益成分，准 确表达出了"人们一看见一片落叶就知道秋天已经来临了"的肯定的口气。
译文： It had been snowing all night, not a single star in sight.
点击添加文本
点击添加文本
赏析 ：译文似乎比原文还"雅"，s押头韵，night与sight押脚韵，音韵美尽显 其中，充分体现了译者的美学思想。
4）幽默与诙谐是一种建立在一定文化基础上 的语言艺术。但是在做翻译时，很多译者在这 点击添加文本 方面都有一定的局限性。相比之下，张培基先 点击添加文本 生则技高一筹。下面是个实例：
第十六章文学翻译之散文翻译教案
（郭沫若，《路畔的蔷薇》）
译文：Flower vase I had none.
译文也保留了原文的语序，字数对等。
比译为“I have no flower vase.”更好地体现了原文的风味，而且更具有文学韵味。
请对比翻译：
（5）燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。（朱自清，《匆匆》）
（2）我虽爱买书，而对于书却不甚爱惜。（夏丏尊，《我之与书》）
译文：Much asI love books, I take little care of them.
(Xia Mianzun:Books and I)
“虽……而……”的让步转折句，没有直译为“although”或“in spite of”，而是巧妙地运用了一个很常见的部分倒装，既简洁，又突出了重点。
（2）可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。
In the northChina, however, it is particularlylimpid, serene and melancholy.
“清、静、悲凉”三个形容词形成整个文章的感情基调。
而limpid, serene and melancholy三个形容词让英文读者深深体会到原文美丽而悲凉的意境。
课堂例句分析：（1）一到中年，就有许多不愉快的现象，眼睛昏花了，记忆力减退了，头发开始秃脱而且变白了，意兴，体力，什么都不如年轻的时候，常不禁会感觉到难以名言的寂寞情味。
（夏丏尊，《中年人的寂寞》）
译文：At middle age, I feel sad to find my eyesight and energy failing, my hair thinning and graying, and myself no longer mentally and physically as fit as when I was young. I often suffer from anamelessloneliness.
Starry Starry Night(Vincent) [中英歌词]
![Starry Starry Night(Vincent) [中英歌词]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/067ebc8202d276a200292e54.png)
Starry Starry Night"Vincent" is a song by Don McLean written as a compliment to Vincent van Gogh. It is also known by its opening line, "Starry Starry Night", which refers to van Gogh's painting The Starry Night. This song also describes different paintings done by the artist.Donald McLean (born October 2, 1945) is an American singer-songwriter. He is most famous for the 1971 album “American Pie”,containing the renowned songs "Vincent". McLean wrote the lyrics in 1971 after reading a book about the life of Van Gogh. The following year, the song became the number one hit in the U.K. and No. 12 in the U.S. The only instrument used in the music is anacoustic guitar, which is able to express the natural emotion, makes the sound to be beauty of brevity. It is played in Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam over and over, accompanied with Van Gogh’s paintings harmoniously.The song clearly demonstrates a deep-seated admiration for not only the work of Van Gogh, but also for the man himself. The song includes references to his landscape works, in lines such as "sketch the trees and the daffodils" and "morning fields of amber grain" - which describe the amber wheat that features in several paintings. There are also several lines that may imply to Van Gogh's self-portraits: perhaps in "weathered faces lined in pain / are soothed beneath the artist's loving hand", McLean is suggesting that Van Gogh may have found some sort of comfort in creating portraits of himself. There is, too, a single line describing Van Gogh's most famous set of works, Sunflowers. "Flaming flowers that brightly blaze" not only draws on the luminous orange and yellow colours of the painting, but also creates powerful images of the sun itself, flaming and blazing, being contained within the flowers and the painting.In the first two choruses, McLean pays tribute to Van Gogh by reflecting on his lack of recognition: "They would not listen / they did not know how / perhaps they'll listen now." In the final Chorus, McLean says "They would not listen / They're not listening still / Perhaps they never will." This is the story of Van Gogh: unrecognised as an artist until after his death. The lyrics suggest that Van Gogh was trying to "set [people] free" with the message in his work. McLean feels that this message was made clear to him: "And now I understand what you tried to say to me," he sings. Perhaps it is this eventual understanding that inspired McLean to write the song.There are also references to Van Gogh's sanity and his suicide. Throughout his life, Van Gogh was plagued with mental disorders, particularly depression. He "suffered for [his] sanity" and eventually "took [his] life as lovers often do."后面的先无视……梵高的《星夜》starry stary night这首歌很有渊源，初是美国民谣歌手Don McLean为纪念荷兰的伟大画家文森特.梵高而作，收录在那张为其赢来巨大声誉的专辑《American Pie》里，歌曲创作的灵感来自梵高的一幅著名的画作《Starry Night》（星夜），旋律流畅得浑如天成，词作也是如画般的唯美，让人想起德国小说家施笃姆的诗意小说中大段大段描写的空蒙月色，整首曲子的配器就是一把木吉他，极致的简约之美!! 据说这首《Vincent》在荷兰的梵谷纪念馆中，长年不断的播放着，以陪伴梵高和他不朽的画作。
高级汉英翻译-样章
在符号世界里，译者作为个体的人，是一种符号动物。虽然人们经历的符 号活动不同，对符号的认知与解释能力也不相同，但在汉英笔译这一符号活动 中，我们会不同程度地遭遇一些障碍，只有不停地跨越这些障碍，我们的翻译 能力才会不断提高。
3.1 跨越理解的障碍
论及学习翻译的问题时，常听人说英译汉是理解的问题，汉译英是表达的 问题。其实不然。汉译英中出现的表达问题常常源于理解有误。有时，人们对 愈熟悉的言语或现象，愈容易掉以轻心，愈容易理解错。 例如： “雨雪时候的星辰”是冰心早年的一篇抒情散文。由于“雨”和 “雪”是我们非常熟悉的自然现象，天气预报中常出现“雨” “雪” “雨夹 、 、 雪”等字样或符号，我们一不小心就会将“雨雪时候”理解为“下雨和下雪的 时候” 。但这里， “雨”是动词，书面语，读yù,“雨雪”意为“下雪” 所以， 。 张培基先生译为“Stars on a Snowy Night” 。 又如，对英语词义的理解也容易失误。朱光潜曾提到：在中国一般学生 “ 心里，也许 pride 只是骄傲，envy 只是嫉妒，在汉语中的附加意义都是贬义， 但 pride 还有自豪，envy 还有欣羡，在英语中都是褒义。satisfactory 的‘满’ 并不一定是‘意’ ，通常只应译为‘圆满’。 ”（朱光潜，1984：452） 文本中的蒙学经典也常易被译者误解。例如：
附录 Appendixes
附录一 主要参考文献 Main References 附录二 参考译文 Reference Translations 附录三 国际翻译网站 International Websites Concerning Translation 附录四 距离策略——解决翻译问题的新贴士 Distancing Strategies—New Problem-Solving Tips for Translation
下雪的孤独心情的经典句子
下雪的孤独心情的经典句子1.雪花飘落，寂寞的心也跟着飘散。
Snowflakes falling, the lonely heart drifts with them.2.寒冷的冬日，我独自一人面对白雪茫茫。
On a cold winter day, I am alone facing the vast expanse of snow.3.黑夜降临，雪花映衬着我内心的孤独。
As night falls, the snowflakes reflect the loneliness in my heart.4.雪落无声，我心底的寂寞却如潮水般汹涌。
The snow falls silently, but the loneliness in my heart surges like a tide.5.在白雪覆盖的世界里，我找不到属于自己的一片净土。
In a world covered in white snow, I cannot find a piece of pure land that belongs to me.6.雪花飘落，寒冷的季节更显我内心的冷清。
Snowflakes falling, the cold season accentuates the desolation in my heart.7.寂静的雪夜，只有我孤独的脚步声在回荡。
On a quiet snowy night, only the sound of my lonely footsteps echoes.8.看着外面的雪景，我内心的孤独彷佛也凝结成冰。
Looking at the snowy scenery outside, the loneliness in my heart seems to freeze into ice.9.白色的世界里，我是那么的孤独无助。
In a white world, I feel so lonely and helpless.10.飘落的雪花像是将我心底的孤寂镀上了一层银白。
Selected Modern Chinese Essays
艰难的国运和雄健的国民National Crisis vs Heroic Nation“这是全靠雄健的精神才能冲过去的”：nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them. Nothing short of = nothing less then or only“宽阔的境界”：a broad section“一泻万里”：rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of milesRolling on vigorously for tens of thousands of milesRolling on for thousands of miles at a stretch“回环曲折，极其险峻”：winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turnFollowing a dangerous tortuous courseTwists and turns:迂回曲折“征人”“远行之人”：a traveller on a long journey“有时……，有时……”：now...now....(=sometimes....and sometimes....)“奇趣横生”：fascinating“奇绝壮绝”“无限壮观”：the enormously magnificent spectacle“感到一种冒险的美趣”“一种敢于冒险的美妙感觉”：a wonderful sensation of adventure“遇见沙漠，遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势”：negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible forceTo negotiate: to succeed in getting past something difficult（顺利通过）Until: so that finally(以至于)“要知”“请注意”“说真的”：mind you螃蟹The Crab“觉得全身太硬了”：Finding himself stiff all overAll over :全身，浑身“蜕壳”to moult his shellTo moult = to cast off“身子还软”，“蜕去旧壳后新壳还软”: with his new shell still being soft“就怕你要吃掉我”：Nothing but being eaten up by you落花生Peanuts“那晚上的天气不太好”It looked like rain that evening.“这小小的豆”tiny little peanuts“鲜红嫩绿”brilliant colours“你们要像花生”you must take after peanutsTake after 成语，以……为榜样差不多先生传Mr. About-the-Same“他的思想也不很细密”He is...sloppy in thinking.Sloppy : 无条理，凌乱“格言”“口头语”：pet phrase“想得通”“随遇而安”：philosophical approach to life不要抛弃学问Never Give up the Pursuit of Learning“你们可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了”you are free to follow your personal bent in the choice of studiesTo follow one's bent = to follow one's inclination “做自己感兴趣或爱做的事”“做学问”to go into scholarship = to engage in learning“学问绝不会辜负人的”Knowledge will do you a good turnTo do one a good turn :“做对某人有益的事”“撙衣节食”“省吃省穿”cut down on food and clothingCut down on= to economize on 节约“至于时间，更不成问题”Time is no objectLie with ~ = is up to ~ 看~我之于书Books and I“我的生活费中至少十分之一二是消耗在书上的”books have eaten into at least 10-20 percent of my pocketTo eaten into “耗尽，花费”“我的房子里”under my roof“瘾”bibliomania“往往立刻通读”I often finish reading it at one sittingAt one sitting 成语“坐着一口气”“一下子”“故态复萌”slipping back into the same old rutRelapsing into my old habit中年人的寂寞Mid-life Loneliness难以名言的nameless, 意同indescribableNameless通常指不好的事物逐渐减少指“逐渐作古”：the gradual dwindling away表达“死去”意思，gradual passing away"我们和许多人相识，或是因为事务关系，或是因为偶然的机缘……"We come to know many people either in the way of business or by mere chance...,In the way of ——“为了”or “关于”、“以……方法”“真正的朋友，恐怕要算‘总角之交’或‘竹马之交’了”译为Real friendship between two persons originates perhaps from the time of life when they were children playing innocently together.“无其他目的的”or“无条件的”友谊……Friendship for friendship's sake(为友谊而友谊)“人心不古”“degeneration of public morality”"结果彼此都‘勾心斗角’" till they start“scheming against each other”"似乎，可以说" as it were"这是好像自己仍回归到少年时代去了" and we feel like reliving the old days,To relive "（凭想象）重新过……的生活" （to experience...again,especially in imagination）我坐了木船I Took a Wooden Boat"无奈何只好出此下策" have been reduced to the disreputable business as a last resortDisreputable business (不体面的行为) “下策”Reduce to “被逼从事……”As a last resort 作为最后一着In a fix “陷入困境”、“尴尬”“要绝对避免危险就莫要做人”Enjoying absolute safety is humanly impossible It stands to reason "当然"“付出超过定额的钱，力有不及，心有不甘”To pay more than the regular price for a "black" ticket, which I can ill afford which I disdain to do."心有不甘" “不屑一干”disdain to doAs good as 实际上等于，与……一样“书生之见”the pedantic view of a bookish personPedantic view = impractical view "不现实的观点"“在传达室恭候，在会客厅恭候”you may be kept cooling your heels in a janitor's office or a reception room before an interview is grantedCooling your heels “长等”、“空等”To pass for 冒充“最有味的是冒充什么部的士兵”the funniest thing is when you try to pass for a soldier of a certain army unit"亵渎" sinful背影The Sight of Father's Back"一半为了丧事，一半为了父亲的赋闲" Between Grandma's funeral and father's unemployment.Between...and....=What with and (what with)... "半因……，半因……"，“由于……的共同影响”“我两三回劝他不必去”I repeatedly tried to talk him out of it.Smart aleck = 自以为是的人，自以为样样懂的人“总觉得他说话不太漂亮”嫌父亲不会讲价钱I frowned upon the way father was haggling"表示不赞同"“父亲和我都是东奔西走”both father and I have been living an unsettled life"大去" “与世长辞”depart this life匆匆Transient Days"燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。
巧用翻译技巧, 译出散文风格——冰心散文的英译技巧拾零
巧用翻译技巧,译出散文风格冰心散文的英译技巧拾零戴桂珍(黎明职业大学外语系,福建 泉州 362000)摘 要:由于英汉两种语言的表达习惯不同,张培基在翻译冰心散文时重视对原文进行归化处理,巧妙地运用标点符号的转换、句法结构的调整、得体选词和增减词等翻译技巧,译出了风格,译出了!神韵∀,再现了冰心散文朴素自然、语言清新的风格。
关键词:冰心;散文风格;翻译技巧中图分类号:H315.9 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-6765(2005)03-0083-03收稿日期:2005-01-19作者简介:戴桂珍(1971 ),女,福建漳州人,黎明职业大学外语系讲师。
散文不受韵律、情节的约束,是一种灵活随便、轻松自如的文体。
散文作者可无拘无束地直抒胸臆,独抒性灵,因而文如其人。
冰心散文以行云流水似的文字,说心中要说的话,倾诉自己的真情,满蕴着温柔,微带着忧愁,显示出清丽的风致,被称为!冰心体∀散文。
著名作家周作人曾这样评价她的散文:单从文体变迁上讲,冰心女士的散文仿佛是鸭儿梨的样子,流丽轻脆,在白话的基本上加入古文方言欧化种种成分,使引车卖浆之徒的话进而成为一种富有表现力的文章,是很大的一个贡献。
[1]翻译文学作品,光传意是远远不够的,还要注意保持原作的感情、韵味、意境和风格。
文学作品是一种艺术品,翻译后还应该是艺术品。
要翻译冰心散文,译者必须对她的生活经历、创作背景、艺术观点有深刻的了解,同时还必须深谙英汉两种语言的不同的表达方式。
也就是说,译者必须具备较高的文化素养。
除此之外,由于不同的语言文化背景及不同的表达习惯,往往使英语国家的读者误解或不理解原作的意义。
因此,在翻译过程中译者要注意体现她的文风。
著名的翻译家严复提出的翻译标准是!信、达、雅∀,是翻译应该遵循的原则,一直受到人们的推崇。
因为!信∀忠于原文,!达∀反映翻译的科学性,!雅∀反映翻译的艺术性和高超的技巧。
根据!信、达、雅∀的标准翻译,可以使译文不但保持原作的形貌,而且译出了原文的风格。
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Stars on a Snowy Night （雨雪时候的心情）
The thermometer had dropped to 18 degrees below zero, but still chose to sleep in the porch as usual. In the evening, the most familiar sight to me would be stars in the sky. Though they were a mere sprinkle of twinkling dots, yet I had become so accustomed to them that their occasional absence would bring me loneliness and ennui.
It had been snowing all night, not a single star in sight. My roommate and I, each wrapped in a quilt, were seated far apart in a different corner of the porch, facing each other and chatting away.
She exclaimed pointing to something afar, "Look, Venus in rising!" I looked up and saw nothing but a lamp round the bend in a mountain path. I beamed and said pointing to a tiny lamplight on the opposite mountain, "It's Jupiter over there!"
More and more lights came into sight as we kept pointing here and there. Lights from hurricane lamps flickering about in the pine forest created the scene of a star-studded sky. With the distinction between sky and forest obscured by snowflakes, the numerous lamp-lights now easily passed for as many stars.
Completely lost in a make-believe world, I seemed to see all the lamplights drifting from the ground. With the illusory stars hanging still overhead, I was spared the effort of tracing their positions when I woke up from my dreams in the dead of night.
Thus I found consolation even on a lonely snowy night !
雨雪时候的心情
寒暑表降到冰点下十八度的时候，我们也是在廊下睡觉。
每夜最熟识的就是天上的星辰了。
也不过是点点闪烁的光明，而相看惯了，偶然不见，也有些想望与无聊。
连夜雨雪，一点星光都看不见。
荷和我拥衾对坐，在廊子的两角，遥遥谈话。
荷指着说："你看维纳斯（Venus）升起来了！"我抬头望时，却是山路转折处的路灯。
我怡然一笑，也指着对山的一星灯火说："那边是丘比特（Jupiter）呢！"
愈指愈多。
松林中射来零乱的风灯，都成了满天星宿。
真的，雪花隙里，看不出来天空和森林的界限，将繁灯当作繁星，简直是抵得过。
一念至诚的将假作真，灯光似乎都从地上飘起。
这幻成的星光，都不移动，不必半夜梦醒时，再去追寻他们的位置。
于是雨雪寂寞之夜，也有了慰安了!
注释：
1.题目《雨雪时候的星辰》翻译为Stars on a Snowy Night。
"雨雪"作"下雪"解，"雨"在此是动词，读音为yù。
2."无聊" 翻译为ennui,是英语常用文学语言，意即a feeling of boredom caused by a lack of excitement or activity。
3."一点星光都看不见" 译为not a single star in sight,是句中独立主格，和not a single star being in sight同。
又译文用s押头韵，night和sight压韵脚，有音韵美。
4."荷和我......" 译为My roommate and I...，其中用My roommate（同寝之友）代替专门名词He（荷），以免外国读者把He读解为男性第三人称的代词。
5."荷指着说......" 译为She said pointing her finger at ...，因英语to point one's finger at有"指责"的含义。
6."我抬头望时" 不宜逐字死译为I raised my head to take a look 。
译为I liked up 即可。
7."山路转折处" 译为round the bend in a mountain path。
注意bend后面跟介词in，属习惯用法。
"将繁灯当作繁星，简直是抵得过" 译为the numerous lamp-lights now easily passed for as many stars，其中短语to pass for 的意思是"被看作"，"被当作"等。