专题08-2021年新高考英语拓展阅读训练-健康与饮食(解析版)
高考英语阅读提升好题精练：健康饮食,健康生活(解析版)
热点四健康饮食，健康生活（解析版）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
参考答案：1．C 2．D 3．A【导语】本文是应用文。
这是一篇给孩子看的菜谱，介绍如何制作炖菜丸子。
【详解】1. 推理判断题根据文章第一句话“This hearty dish is your perfect winter holiday warmer.（这道丰盛的菜肴是你冬季假期的最佳取暖菜。
）”和Instructions中第1条“You may need to ask a grown-up for help.（你可能需要向大人寻求帮助。
）” 可知，本文是写给孩子看的。
故选C。
2. 细节理解题根据Instructions中第4条“Using your hands, mix it all together. Divide the dough into 10 balls and pop them on top of your stew 20 minutes before the end.（用手把它们混合在一起。
专题08：饮食-备考2021高考英语主题阅读专练(原卷版)
备战2021年高考英语主题阅读专练专题08 饮食话题：一、完形填空阅读短文, 掌握其大意, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
There are too many fat people in America, so many Americans are fighting against overweight. But the 1 thing is that the French, who consume rich food, 2 to stay thin. Now a 3 by Cornell University suggests 4 life style and decisions about 5 may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel 6 . However, Americans tend to stop when their 7 are empty or their favorite TV show is over.According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a 8 expert, the French see eating 9 an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a 10 time at the table, while Americans see eating as 11 to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans 12 the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have 13 . In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and 14 foods for the week. The French, 15 tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets where they have a 16 of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don’t Get fat, decided to 17 about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid 18 . Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style 19 may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity(肥胖)—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains 20 and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.1.A．present B．natural C．strange D．modern2.A．continue B．move C．try D．expand3.A．research B．novel C．book D．newspaper4.A．that B．what C．how D．when5.A．working B．living C．studying D．eating6.A．sensitive B．sad C．happy D．full7.A．pockets B．refrigerators C．houses D．plates8.A．education B．health C．literature D．speech9.A．into B．as C．inside D．to10.A．fairly long B．fairly short C．very exciting D．rather fast11.A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing12.A．get B．bring C．lose D．receive13.A．kept B．enjoyed C．went D．stopped14.A．hot B．cool C．warm D．frozen15.A．therefore B．instead C．however D．merely16.A．choice B．message C．order D．number17.A．write B．read C．speak D．think18.A．fruit B．food C．oil D．egg19.A．examples B．tradition C．changes D．stories20.A．failure B．success C．acceptance D．rejection【答案】1.C2. A3. A4. C5. D6. D7. D8. B9. B 10. A11.B 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. C 20 C【解析】文章通过对比，介绍了法国人吃大量油腻食品，但仍然保持苗条身材的原因：生活方式和关于饮食的决定。
专题04 健康与饮食(解析版)-备战2021年高考英语【爱尚阅读·话题篇】
备战2021年高考英语·爱尚阅读专题04 健康与饮食【美文阅读1】My painful small decision“Soon, you’re going to have to move out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. bushes must be pruned in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold; First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I’ll think about that tomorrow.我的痛苦的小决定“很快，你就得搬出去了！“我的邻居看到人类已知的最大的西红柿植物，或者至少在我的邻居那里知道的最大的西红柿时叫道。
专题08-2021高考英语真题分类拔高练习-阅读理解(解析版)
2021高考英语真题分类拔高练习08科普环保类1.（2017·新课标Ⅰ卷）阅读理解DA build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器）is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it's an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink.（1）What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A.It's delicate.B.It's expensive.C.It's complex.D.It's portable（2）What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The tubeB.The stillC.The holeD.The cup（3）What's the last step of constructing a working solar still?A.Dig a hole of a certain sizeB.Put the cup in placeC.Weight the sheet's center downD.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet（4）When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .A.the plastic tubeB.outside the holeC.the open airD.beneath the sheet【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】太阳能蒸馏器是由美国农业部的两位医生研发的，是一款优秀的集水器。
【新高考】2021高考英语人教版一轮复习：阅读理解话题五 饮食与健康(B) (含解析)
话题五饮食与健康(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2020·安徽重点中学盟校模拟]On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices(设备) and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at social media puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains, is important for critical(有判断力的) thinking, problem-solving and decision-making.So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example. He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found, it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.1．What is David Strayer's opinion?A．Americans dislike outdoor activities.B．Electronic equipment should be quitted.C．New technologies are a double-edged sword.D．Electronic equipment brings great convenience.2．Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?A．To try another lifestyle.B．To refresh our brain.C．To make better decisions.D．To play with our family and friends.3．What does the underlined word “regenerative”mean?A．Reborn. B．Memorable.C．Remarkable. D．Tiring.4．Which is the proper title for the passage?A．Electronic Equipment Harms the BrainB．Good Rest Develops Good MemoryC．Tips on Using New TechnologiesD．Being in Nature Is Good for the BrainB[2020·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题] Laura Sides was a psychology major at the University of Nottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her dad's developing dementia(痴呆) when she moved to Nottingham. She said, “Dad was a doctor, so he knew exactly what was happening to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet him, but he never showed up as he'd forgotten. That's when I knew something serious was happening.”So, aged 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself. She lived close by, popping in every day to make sure he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work.Besides challenging moments, there were times when looking after her dad was a pure joy. “We'd wake up, I'd ask what he wanted to do that day, and however ridiculous the adventure, off we'd go.”Sadly, in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with him, where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimer's was genetic meaning there was a fifty-fifty chance that she had inherited it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in August 2017 that she has the APP gene, meaning that, like him, she will develop the condition within a decade.At first, she struggled, feeling as if she lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of 2018, she decided at around 2 a. m. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored by the charities Alzheimer's Society and Alzheimer's Research UK.She hoped to start the conversation around early-onset Alzheimer's and to encourage people to talk about it more openly. “I remember whenDad was ill, people wouldn't know how to react and it all felt very hidden away, but I want to be honest an open.”She added, “The more information we can get, the less of a taboo(忌讳) this will feel. That said, the support I've received so far after going public has been amazing —that's what is carrying me through.”5．Laura noticed her father's dementia when ________.A．her father told her his condition in personB．people nearby informed her of his father's conditionC．her father forgot his own birthday partyD．her father forgot to attend her 21-year-old birthdayparty6．The underlined word “agonised” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.A．excited B．struggledC．shocked D．delighted7．Laura started the open talk in the hope of ________.A．getting people to talk about Alzheimer's openlyB．earning some money to help treat her Alzheimer'sC．making herself stronger to fight against Alzheimer'sD．raising funds for charities Alzheimer's Society and Alzheimer's Research UK8．Which words can best describe Laura?A．Caring and positive. B．Careful and honest.C．Patient and cautious. D．Devoted and modest.Ⅱ.七选五[2020·安徽重点中学盟校模拟]Making Your Way Through the Lunchroom What's everyone's favorite period? Lunch, what else?__1__，if foods like pizza, or cheeseburgers(奶酪汉堡) are in front of you when you're most hungry. Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep you focused and active throughout the day.__2__. If your school cafeteria provides a weekly or monthly menu, check it out. Knowing what's on the menu puts you in control. You can pick and choose when you want to buy lunch and when you want to bring your own.Head for the salad bar. __3__. If you'd rather pack, consider adding carrot sticks, a piece of fresh fruit, or purple cabbage to your lunch bag. Do remember not to put too much salad dressing.Take the energy into consideration. Some foods are better choices than others for obtaining energy during the day. Choose low-fat foods, likechicken, beans, or low-fat milk products and add lots of fruits and vegetables to your meal. __4__. Foods, like sugary snacks(小吃) or French fries, may give you a quick rush of energy but it's not lasting —which means you'll be left wanting more soon after you eat.Stop for a snack. You can't concentrate without a well-fed mind and body. So take along a healthy snack, like carrot sticks, to fight hunger between classes. __5__.A．Get a copy of the menuB．Make a menu for your school cafeteriaC．But it can be hard to make healthy choicesD．If your school offers one, take advantage of itE．You may take away whatever you get interested inF．It will keep you going and help avoid overeating when mealtime arrivesG．They'll provide the minerals you need and the energy to get through the dayⅢ.语法填空[2020·福建三校联考] Researchers have discovered the people with the 1.________ (healthy) hearts in the world. The Tsimané people live in the Amazon basin of Bolivia and have almost no risk of serious heart disease because 2.________ their plant-based diet and high levels of physical activity. Besides 3.________ (have) a healthy heart, the Tsimanéalso have low blood pressure and low blood sugar. This 4.________ (mean) they are free of many of the diseases and conditions 5.________ kill hundreds of millions around the world. A study showed that an 80-year-old Tsimané person has 6.________ same cardiovascular(心血管的) age as an American in his mid-50s.The study on the Tsimané was published in the medical journal The Lancet. The study co-author Dr Gregory S. Thomas stated, “This study suggests that some diseases could 7.________ (avoid) if people adopted some elements of the Tsimanélifestyle, such as keeping their blood pressure and blood sugar very low, not smoking and being 8.________ (physical) active.” He added, “It may not be possible for people in the industrialised world 9.________ (copy) the Tsimanécommunity's way of life, but there are certainly 10.________ (aspect) of their diet and lifestyle that we can better bring into our lives to help reduce our risk of heart disease.”话题五饮食与健康(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A体裁：说明文题材：健康生活主题：让大脑休息【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，作者讲述了如今长时间使用电子设备对大脑的危害，鼓励人们放下这些电子设备，去户外让大脑休息一下。
高考英语 必考话题分类解析5 健康与饮食(Heath Foods)(含解析)
落堕市安心阳光实验学校话题05 健康与饮食（Heath Foods）【话题解读】＂饮食与健康＂是高中英语新课标话题当中非常重要的两个话题，饮食与健康自古以来都是人们所关心的重大问题，尤其是随着社会进步和人们物质生活水平的提高，食物质量和安全问题以及身体健康更是受到了人们空前的关注，因此顺应时代潮流，高考英语对这两个话题更是有所体现。
由于饮食与健康是热点话题，高考英语中对这两个话题会涉及较多的考查内容，常以阅读理解、完形填空、语法填空以及书面表达的形式出现，例如新课标卷I语言知识运用的第二节（语法填空），四川卷阅读理解D篇，全国卷Ⅲ七选五，广东卷基础写作，2015课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B篇，2013新课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇等。
【相关词汇】Ⅰ.写作必记单词1. benefit n.利益，好处→ beneficial adj.有好处的2. burden n.负担3. comfortable a dj.舒服的，安逸的→ uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的→ comfort n.& vt.安慰4. harm n.& vt.伤害；损伤→ harmful adj.有伤害的→ harmless adj.无害的5. hurt vt.伤害，受伤；使痛心6. necessary adj.必需的，必要的7. pressure n.压迫，压力8. reduce vt.减少，缩减9. serve vt.招待(顾客等)，服务10. strengthen v.增强→ strength n.长处，优势→ strong adj.强壮的Ⅱ.阅读识记单词11.abnormal adj.反常的12.acute adj.严重的；(疾病) 急性的13.allergic adj. 过敏的14.appetite n .食欲，胃口15.bacterium n .细菌16.bitter adj. 苦的，有苦味的17.bleed vi.出血，流血18.depression n .抑郁症→ depress vt.使沮丧，使意志消沉，使心灰意冷→ depressed adj.抑郁的，沮丧的19.digest vt. 消化；领会One question I’m frequently asked is ＂What’s the secret to a healthy diet?＂The answer isn’t all that mysterious. You just have to keep some basic guidelines in mind, beginning with:经常有人问我：＂健康饮食有什么秘诀？＂其实答案并不神秘。
高考英语二轮阅读理解归类练习健康饮食详解
2021高考英语二轮阅读理解归类练习—安康饮食〔详解〕(2021·广东卷)I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly.As a doctor，mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it，from the baby's point of view.Mothers，doctors and nurses alike have no idea of where a baby's blood sugar level lies.All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed.In this state，the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible.The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a fourhourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied.The first of the experts to advocate a strict clockwatching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night.I've never heard anything so ridiculous.Baby feeding shouldn't follow a timetable set by the mum.What is important is feeding a baby in the best way，though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.Well，at last we have copperbottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding.The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5,7,11 and 14，than babies fed according to the clock.By the age of 8，their IQ (智商) scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable.This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample (样本) of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s，taking account of parental education，family income，a child's sex and age，the mother's health and feeding style.These results don't surprise me.Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.【语篇解读】本文关于婴儿喂养旳时间提出了不同旳看法，作者认为严格按照时间表喂婴儿是错旳.1．What does the author think about Dr KingA．He is strict.B．He is unkind.C．He has the wrong idea.D．He sets a timetable for mothers.答案 C [考察推理判断.根据第三段中旳“I've never heard anything so ridiculous.〞可知，作者认为Dr King说旳话是荒唐旳，是错旳.]2．The word copperbottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.A．basic B．reliableC．surprising D．interesting答案 B [考察词义猜想.根据画线词后面旳研究方式及结果可知，该项研究是可以信赖旳，应选B项.]3．What does the research tell us about feeding a baby on demandA．The baby will sleep well.B．The baby will have its brain harmed.C．The baby will have a low blood sugar level.D．The baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.答案 D [考察细节理解.根据文章第四段第三句可知，研究结果说明“到孩子八岁旳时候，没有严格按照时间表来喂养旳孩子智商要比严格按照时间表喂养旳孩子高〞，故D项正确.]4．The author supports feeding the baby ________.A．in the nightB．every four hoursC．whenever it wants foodD．according to its blood sugar level答案 C [考察推理判断.通读全文尤其是最后一句作者希望不要再支持严格按照时间喂婴儿这种喂养方式可知，作者支持依据婴儿旳需要来喂养，即婴儿想吃旳时候就喂他.]BDo you love the holidays，but hate the pounds that follow You are not alone.Holidays are times for feasting and celebrating.Many people are worried about their weight.With proper planning，though，it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays.Whether it is celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner，regard eating as a time for tasting a variety ofthe foods.The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.Here are some tips for preventing weight gain and maintaining physical fitness：Don't skip meals.Before you leave home，have a small，lowfat meal or snack.This may help to avoid getting too excited before delicious foods.Control e a small plate (about 10 inches) and put aside the large ones that may encourage you to “load up.〞 You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist.Once you have your “tasting〞 serving，move away from the buffet.Doing so will make it less tempting to be eating constantly as your appetite is inspired by the sight of food.Begin with soup and fruit or vegetables.Fill up beforehand on waterbased soup and raw fruit or vegetables.Or drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full.Stick to physical activity.Don't let exercise take a break during the holidays.A 20minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess calories.Avoid highfat foods.Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a large amount of fat.Choose lean meats.Fill your plate with salad and green e lemon juice instead of dressing or butter.Notes：①buffet n．自助餐②tempting adj.诱惑旳【语篇解读】本文是实用文体阅读.全文介绍了在假期合理安排饮食以保持标准体重旳方法.1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passageA．You had better turn your attention away from delicious foods.B．Drinking some water of soup before eating helps you eat less.C．Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may bring weight problems.D．Physical exercise can reduce the chance of putting on weight.答案 A [细节理解题.由第一段最后一句“You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.〞可以判断A项表述错误，符合题意，故答案为A.]2．Which of the following CANNOT help lose weight according to the passageA．Lean meats.B．Dressing or butter.C．Raw fruit or vegetables.D．Physical exercise.答案 B [细节理解题.根据最后一段最后一句“Use lemon juice instead of dressing or butter.〞可知，“调味品〞和“黄油〞对减肥或保持体重没有好处.A、C、D三项均有利于减肥，文中有明确表述.]3．Many people can't control their weight after the holidays mainly because they ________.A．can't help being tempted to eat constantlyB．take part in too many partiesC．enjoy delicious foodsD．can't help turning away from the foods答案 A [细节理解题.由第四段最后一句“Doing so will make it less tempting to be eating constantly as your appetite(胃口)is inspired by the sight of food.〞可见，大多数人在假期里发胖，是因为自己抵挡不了美食旳诱惑，故A项正确.]4．If the passage appears in the newspaper，you think it should belong to ________ Column.A．Holidays and FestivalsB．Health and FitnessC．Fashion and FrontierD．Student Times Club答案 B [推理理解题.本文谈论旳是在假期如何正确安排饮食，保持正常体重旳问题，应该出现在报纸旳“安康健美〞栏目.]。
专题08 饮食与健康-备战2021年高考英语话题词汇积累与书面表达专练
Topic 8．饮食与健康——之词汇、短语、佳句与写作专练第一组：主题词汇1.fat n. 脂肪2.lifestyle n. 生活方式3.energetic adj. 精力旺盛的4.vegetable n. 蔬菜5.fruit n. 水果6.junk food 垃圾食品7.cafeteria n. 自助餐厅8.menu n. 菜单9.recipe n. 食谱10.buffet n. 自助餐11.snack n. 小吃12.taste n. 品尝，尝味；味道vt.& vi. 品尝，尝味13.swallow vt. 吞下；咽下14.chew vt. 咀嚼15.digest vt. 消化，吸收16.appetite n. 食欲，胃口17.nutrition n. 营养18.delicious adj. 美味的，可口的19.tasty adj. 味道好的20.tasteless adj. 无滋味的21.disease/illness/sickness n.病，疾病22.fever n. 发烧；发热23.depression n. 抑郁症24.disabled adj. 残废的，残疾的25.bacterium n. 细菌26.virus n. 病毒27.poisonous adj. 有毒的，致命的28.unhealthy adj. 不健康的，不卫生的29.unfit adj. 不健康的30.ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛31.hurt vt. 伤害，受伤；伤人感情32.wound vt. 使受伤，伤害n. 创伤，伤口33.painful adj. 疼痛的，痛苦的34.symptom n. 症状35.dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的36.unconscious adj. 昏迷的，不省人事的37.medicine n. 药38.pill n. 药丸，药片39.ambulance n. 救护车40.treatment n. 治疗，疗法41.examine vt. 检查；诊察第二组主题短语1.have a pain in (某处)疼痛2.free medical service 公费医疗3.recover from 从……中恢复4.cure sb. of ... 治愈某人……5.be under medical treatment在治疗中6.relieve the pain 减轻痛苦7.send for a doctor 派人请医生8.take one’s temperature 量某人的体温9.take one’s blood pressure 量某人的血压10.operate on/perform an operation on sb.给某人动手术11.be/go on a diet 节食12.be rich/abundant in 富含……13.be high/low in 含……高/低14.keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食15.unhealthy eating habit 不健康的饮食习惯16.take medicine 吃药17.be infected with 传染上18.put on(gain) weight/lose weight增肥,发胖/减肥19.suffer from 遭受，患上20.get overweight 变得肥胖21.heart attack 心脏病22.infective disease 传染病23.keep fit/healthy 保持健康24.do exercise 做运动25.achieve a work-life balance 实现工作和生活之间的平衡26.be in good health 身体健康27.build up one’s body 增强某人的体质28.develop good eating habits 养成良好的饮食习惯29.feel energetic 感到精力充沛的30.be addicted to junk food 对垃圾食品上瘾31.be harmful to health 对健康有害32.endanger health 危害健康第三组主题佳句背诵1. In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.在我看来，我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯来增强我们的体质。
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专题08 健康与饮食Text 1 (2020年全国统一高考英语试卷新课标Ⅰ)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 28．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A．They must run long distances.B．They are qualified for the marathon.C．They have to follow special rules.D．They are good at swinging their legs.29．What advantage does race walking have over running?A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.B．It’s less challenging physically.C．It’s more effective in body building.D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.30．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?A．Getting experts’ opinions.B．Having a medical checkup.C．Hiring an experienced coach.D．Doing regular exercises.31．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?A．Skeptical.B．Objective.C．Tolerant.D．Conservative.【答案】28．C29．D30．A31．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。
短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。
28．细节理解题。
根据第二段“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。
由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。
故选C项。
29．细节理解题。
根据最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。
由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。
故选D项。
30．细节理解题。
根据最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。
)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。
故选A项。
31．推理判断题。
根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。
不过，它也有自己的问题。
由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。
故选B项。
Text 2 (2020年山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷）)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?12．What is the recent study mainly about?A．Food safety.B．Movie viewership.C．Consumer demand.D．Eating behavior.13．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?A．Big eaters.B．Overweight persons.C．Picky eaters.D．Tall thin persons.14．Why did the researchers hire the actor?A．To see how she would affect the participants.B．To test if the participants could recognize her.C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.D．To study why she could keep her weight down.15．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?A．How hungry we are.B．How slim we want to be.C．How we perceive others.D．How we feel about the food.【答案】12．D13．D14．A15．C【解析】本文是说明文。