浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中考试物理试题

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浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年高一物理上学期期中试题新人教版

浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年（第一学期）高一期中考试物理试卷※试卷共分四个部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟；所有答案请写在答题卷上。

全卷g=10m/s 2第Ⅰ卷 (选择题，共46分)一、单项选择题(每小题3分，共30分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意，选对的得3分，选错或不答的得0分。

)1．下面关于质点的说法正确的是（）A ．研究汽车通过道路上的斑马线需多少时间可把汽车看作质点B ．蚂蚁很小，可把蚂蚁看成质点C ．研究篮球运动员的技术动作时篮球不能看成为质点D ．研究“天宫一号”和“神舟八号”实现交会对接时“天宫一号”和“神舟八号”可视为质点2．关于速度和加速度，下列运动情况不可能．．．出现的是（） A ．物体的加速度增大时，速度反而减小 B ．物体的加速度为零时，速度反而不为零C ．物体的加速度增大，相等时间内速度的变化量却在减小D ．加速度的方向保持不变，速度方向却发生变化3．一个物体从A 点运动到B 点，下列结论正确的是（）A ．物体的位移的大小总是小于或等于它的路程B ．物体的位移与路程的方向相同，都从A 指向BC ．物体的位移的大小一定等于路程D ．物体的位移是直线，而路程是曲线4．如图为表示三个物体运动位置和时间的函数关系图象，其异同点是( )A ．运动速率相同，3 s 内经过路程相同，起点位置相同B ．运动速率相同，3 s 内经过路程相同，起点位置不同C ．运动速率不同，3 s 内经过路程不同，起点位置相同D ．无共同点5．一物体自t =0时开始做直线运动，其速度—时间图像如图所示。

下列选项正确的是（） A ．在0～6 s 内，物体离出发点最远为30 m B ．在0～6 s 内，物体经过的路程为30 m C ．在0～4s 内，物体的平均速度为7.5 m/sD ．在4～6 s 内，物体的位移不为零6．一个小石子从离地某一高度处由静止自由落下，某摄影爱好者恰好拍到了它下落的一段轨迹AB 。

浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷

浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷注意事项：1、考试时间90分钟，本试卷满分100分。

2、请用蓝、黑色钢笔或圆珠笔答题。

在答题卷相应处写上试场号、考试序号、班级、姓名。

所有答案均做在答题卷的相应位置上，只做在试题卷上无效。

3、试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共7页。

答卷共2页。

4、可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 S-32 Cl-35.5 Na-23 Mg-24 Al-27 Fe-56 Cu-64Zn-65第Ⅰ卷（选择题共58分）一、单项选择题(本大题有29小题，每小题2分，共58分。

每小题只有1个选项符合题意，不选、多选、错选均不给分。

)1、能是当今社会发展的三大支柱之一，有专家提出：如果对燃料燃烧产物如CO2、H 2O 、N 2等利用太阳能让它们重新组合，使之能够实现下图所示循环，那么不仅可以消除燃烧产物对大气的污染，还可节约燃料，缓解能危机。

在此构想的物质循环中太阳能最终转化为（）A 、化学能B 、热能C 、生物质能D 、电能2、下列各反应的能量变化分别用如下形式的示意图表示，其中正确的是（）能量反应过程能量反应过程A 、化石燃料的燃烧B 、植物的光合作用能量反应过程能量反应过程C 、氢气与氧气反应D 、氢气与氯气反应3、下列反应属于氧化还原反应，而且ΔH>0的是（）A 、铝片与稀硫酸反应B 、Ba(OH)2·8H 2O 与NH 4Cl 的反应C 、灼热的炭与CO 2反应D 、甲烷在O 2中的燃烧4、已知充分燃烧a g 乙炔(C 2H 2)气体时生成2 mol 二氧化碳气体和液态水，并放出热量b kJ ，则乙炔燃烧的热化学方程式正确的是（）A 、2C 2H 2(g)＋5O 2(g)===4CO 2(g)＋2H 2O(l) ΔH ＝－2b kJ·mol －1B 、C 2H 2(g)＋5/2O 2(g)===2CO 2(g)＋H 2O(l) ΔH ＝2b kJ·mol －1C 、2C 2H 2(g)＋5O 2(g)===4CO 2(g)＋2H 2O(l) ΔH ＝－4b kJ·mol －1D 、2C 2H 2(g)＋5O 2(g)===4CO 2＋2H 2O(l) ΔH ＝b kJ·mol －15、用3 g 块状大理石与足量3 mol·L －1盐酸反应制取CO 2气体，若要增大反应速率，可采取的措施是（）①再加入30 mL 3 mol·L －1盐酸 ②改用30 mL 6 mol·L －1盐酸 ③改用3 g 粉末状大理石④升高温度A 、①②B 、②③④C 、①③④D 、①②③ 6、在不同条件下分别测得反应2SO 2＋O 22SO 3的化学反应速率，其中表示该反应进行的最快的是（）A 、v(SO 2)＝4 mol·L -1·min-1 B 、v(O 2)＝3 mol·L -1·min -1 C 、v(SO 2)＝0.1 mol·L -1·s -1 D 、v(O 2)＝0.1 mol·L -1·s -1 7、在一密闭容器中进行反应：2SO 2(g)＋O 2(g)2SO 3(g)，已知反应过程中某一时刻SO 2、O 2、SO 3的浓度分别为0.2 mol·L －1、0.1 mol·L －1、0.2 mol·L －1，当反应达到平衡时，可能存在的数据是（）A 、SO 2为0.4 mol·L －1、O 2为0.2 mol·L－1 B 、SO 2为0.25 mol·L －1 C 、SO 2、SO 3均为0.15 mol·L －1 D 、SO 3为0.4 mol·L －18、把在空气中久置的铝片5.0 g 投入盛有500 mL 0.5 mol·L －1硫酸溶液的烧杯中，该铝片与硫酸反应产生氢气的速率ν与反应时间t 可用如图的坐标曲线表示：下列推论错误的是（）A．t由O→a段不产生氢气是因为表面的氧化物隔离了铝和硫酸溶液B．t由b→c段产生氢气的速率增加较快的主要原因之一是温度升高C．t＝c时反应收集到H2最多D．t>c产生氢气的速率降低主要是因为溶液中c(H＋)降低9、下列四位同学的说法正确的是（）10、把a、b、c、d四块金属浸入稀硫酸中，用导线两两相连组成原电池，若a、b相连时，a为负极；c、d相连时，电流由d到c；a、c相连时， c极上产生大量气泡；b、d相连时，b上有大量气泡产生，则四种金属的活动性顺序为（）A、.a>c>d>bB、a>b>c>dC、c>a>b>dD、b>d>c>a11、下列几种金属制品的镀层损坏后，金属腐蚀的速率最快的是（）A、镀铝铁桶B、食品铁罐头盒(镀锡)C、白铁水桶(镀锌)D、镀银铜质奖章12、钢铁在潮湿的空气中会形成原电池而被腐蚀，下列说法正确是的（）A、钢铁设备连接铜块可以防止腐蚀B、原电池的正极反应为：O2＋2H2O＋4e－===4OH－C、原电池的负极反应为：Fe－3e－===Fe3＋D、钢铁因含杂质而容易发生电化学腐蚀，所以合金都不耐腐蚀13、图是电解CuCl2溶液的装置，其中c、d为石墨电极。

浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年高二物理上学期期中试题新人教版

浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年（第一学期）高二期中考试理科物理试卷一、单项选择题：本题共7小题，每小题3分，共计21分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意．1．关于电源的电动势，下面叙述不正确．．．的是 A ．同一电源接入不同电路，电动势不会发生变化B ．电动势等于闭合电路中接在电源两极间的电压表测得的电压C ．电源的电动势反映电源把其他形式的能转化为电能的本领大小D ．在外电路接通时，电源的电动势等于内外电路上的电压之和2．如图所示， A 为空心金属球，B 为靠近A 的另一个原来不带电的枕形金属壳。

将另一个带正电的小球C 从A 球开口处放入A 球中央，但不触及A 球。

则B 出现的情况是 A ．靠近A 的一端带正电，远离A 的另一端带负电 B ．靠近A 的一端带负电，远离A 的另一端带正电 C ．靠近A 的一端带负电，远离A 的另一端不带电 D ．靠近A 的一端带正电，远离A 的另一端不带电3．某电场的电场线的分布如图所示。

一个带电粒子由M 点沿图中虚线所示的途径运动通过N 点。

则下列判断正确的是 A ．粒子带负电B ．粒子在M 点的加速度大C ．粒子在N 点的速度大D ．电场力对粒子做负功4．如图所示，电动势为E 、内阻为r 的电池与定值电阻R 0、滑动变阻器R 串联，已知R 0=r ，滑动变阻器的最大阻值是2r ．当滑动变阻器的滑片P 由a 端向b 端滑动时，下列说法中正确的是 A ．滑动变阻器消耗的功率不变 B ．滑动变阻器消耗的功率变大C ．定值电阻R 0上消耗的功率变小D ．滑动变阻器消耗的功率变小5．在如图所示的电路中，E 为电源电动势，r 为电源内阻，R 1和R 3均为定值电阻，R 2为滑动变阻器。

当R 2的滑动触点在a 端时合上开关S ，此时三个电表A 1、A 2和V 的示数分别为I 1、I 2和U 。

现将R 2的滑动触点向b 端移动，则三个电表示数的变化情况是 A ．I 1增大，I 2不变，U 增大 B ．I 1减小，I 2增大，U 减小 C ．I 1增大，I 2减小，U 增大 D ．I 1减小，I 2不变，U 减小6．如图所示，真空中有一个固定的点电荷，电荷量为+Q ．图中的虚线表示该点电荷形成的电场中的四个等势面．有两个一价离子M 、N （不计重力，也不计它们之间的电场力）先后从a 点以相同的速率v 0射入该电场，Ｍ、Ｎ的运动轨迹分别为曲线apb 和aqc ，其中p 、q 分别是它们离固定点电荷最近的位置．①M 一定是正离子，N 一定是负离子．②M 在p 点的速率一定大于N 在q点的速率．③M 在b 点的速率一定大于N 在c 点的速率．④M 从p →b 过程电势能的增量一定小于N 从a →q 电势能的增量．以上说法中正确的是A.只有①③B.只有②④C.只有①④D.只有②③7．如图所示电路，闭合开关时灯不亮，已经确定是灯泡断路或短路引起的，在不能拆开电路的情况下（开关可闭合，可断开），现用一个多用电表的直流电压挡、直流电流挡和欧姆挡分别进行如下操作及对故障作出相应判断（如表所示），以上操作和判断均正确的是A．只有1、2对B．只有3、4对C．只有1、2、4对D．全对二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题4分，共计16分，每小题有多个选项符合题意，全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，错选或不答的得0分.8．如图所示是一个由电池、电阻R与平行板电容器组成的串联电路，平行板电容器中央有一个液滴处于平衡状态，当增大电容器两板间距离的过程中A．电容器的电容变大 B．电阻R中有从a流向b的电流C．液滴带负电 D．液滴仍然平衡9．有两只电流表A1、A2是由完全相同的小量程电流表G1、G2改装而成，A1的量程为I1=0.6A，A2的量程为I2=3A两表接入电路后均未烧坏，则A．A1、A2表的内阻之比为R1: R2 =1:5B．将A1、A2串联接入电路后，指角偏角之比为5:1C．将A1、A2串联接入电路后，读数之比为5:1D．将A1、A2并联接入电路后，读数之比为1:510．如图水平面的上方有竖直向上的匀强电场，平面上静止着质量为M的绝缘物块，一质量是m的带正电弹性小球，以水平速度v与物块发生碰撞，并以原速率返回，弹回后仅在电场力和重力的作用下沿着虚线运动，则下列说法正确的是A．弹回后球的机械能守恒B．弹回后轨迹是抛物线C．弹回后机械能与电势能的总和守恒D．弹回后动能增加.11．如图所示，在竖直放置的半径为R的光滑半圆弧绝缘细管的圆心O处固定一点电荷，将质量为m，带电量为+q的小球从圆弧管的水平直径端点A由静止释放，小球沿细管滑到最低点B时，对管壁恰好无压力，已知重力加速度为g，则下列说法正确的是A．小球在BB．小球在BC．固定于圆心处的点电荷在AB弧中点处的电场强度大小为3mg/qD．小球不能到达C点（C点和A在一条水平线上）三．实验题：本题共3小题，共计24分．把答案填在相应的横线上．12．某实验小组要描绘一只规格为“2.5 V0.5 A”小电珠的伏安特性曲线，除了提供导线和开关外，还有以下一些器材：A．电源E(电动势为3.0 V，内阻不计)B．电压表V(量程为0～3.0 V，内阻约为2 kΩ)C．电流表A(量程为0～0.6 A，内阻约为1 Ω)D．滑动变阻器R(最大阻值10 Ω，额定电流1 A)(1) 为完成本实验，请用笔画线当导线，将实物图连成完整的电路，要求实验误差尽可能的小．(图中有几根导线已经接好)(2) 下表中的数据是该小组在实验中测得的，请根据表格中的数据在方格纸上作出电珠的13．（1）如下图所示，某同学用多用电表欧姆档测量一个电阻阻值的示数和档位情况，则这个电阻的阻值约为▲ Ω．为了测量得更精确些，该同学进行了第二次测量，请选择下面列出的有关步骤，并按先后顺序写出▲A．将两表笔短接，电阻调零；B．将两表笔分别跟被测电阻两端接触，观察指针位置，记下电阻值；C．将面板上的旋钮旋至×10档；D．将面板上的旋钮旋至×1k档；（2）如果下图是该同学是用直流5mA挡测量电流，则电流为▲ mA。

江西省九江外国语学校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中考试物理试题

江西省九江外国语学校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中考试物理试题(注意：本卷满分100分，考试时间100分钟．请将答案填写在答题卡上)一．选择题（每小题有一个或多个选项正确，每小题4分，共48分）1、下列几种运动中，不属于．．．匀变速运动的是（） A ．斜下抛运动 B ．斜上抛运动 C ．平抛运动 D ．匀速圆周运动2．关于曲线运动的物体速度和加速度①速度方向不断改变，加速度方向不断改变 ②速度方向不断改变，加速度一定不为零③加速度越大，速度的大小改变得越快 ④加速度越大，速度改变得越快以上说法正确的是：（）A ．①②B ．③④C ．①③D ．②④3、如图所示，红蜡块能在玻璃管的水中匀速上升，若红蜡块在从A点匀速上升的同时，使玻璃管水平向右做匀加速直线运动，则红蜡块实际运动的轨迹是图中的（）A.直线PB.曲线QC.曲线RD.无法确定以4．甲、乙、丙三个物体，甲放在广州，乙放在上海，丙放在北京，当它们与地球一起转动时，则以下说法正确的是( )A ．ω甲最大，v 乙最小B ．ω丙最小，v 甲最大C ．三物的ω、T 和v 都相等D ．三物的ω、T 一样，v 丙最小5、一质点在xoy 平面内运动的轨迹如图所示，已知质点在x 方向的分运动是匀速运动，则关于质点在y 方向的分运动的描述正确的是（）A ．匀速运动B ．先加速运动后减速运动C ．先减速运动后加速运动D ．先匀速运动后加速运动6.如图所示，光滑的水平面上，小球m 在拉力F 的作用下做匀速圆周运动，若小球到达B 点时F 突然发生变化，下列关于小球的运动的说法不正确的是（）A. F 突然消失，小球将沿轨迹Ba 做离心运动B. F 突然变小，小球将沿轨迹Ba 做离心运动C. F 突然变大，小球将沿轨迹Bc 做向心运动D. F 突然变小，小球将沿轨迹Bb 做离心运动7、如图所示，A 、B 、C 三颗人造地球卫星绕地球做匀速圆周运动，已知m A ＝m B <m C ，则三颗卫星 ( )A ．线速度大小关系：v A <vB =v CB ．加速度大小关系：a A >a B =a CC ．向心力大小关系：F A =F B <F CD ．周期关系：T A >T B ＝T C8、水平面上甲、乙两物体，在某时刻动能相同，它们仅在摩擦力作用下停下，如图所示的a 、b 分别表示甲、乙两物体的动能E 和位移s 的图象，则（）①若甲、乙两物体与水平面动摩擦因数相同，则甲的质量较大②若甲、乙两物体与水平面动摩擦因数相同，则乙的质量较大③若甲、乙质量相同，则甲与地面间的动摩擦因数较大④若甲、乙质量相同，则乙与地面间的动摩擦因数较大以上说法正确的是( )A ．①③B ．②③C ．①④D ．②④9.一个质量为25Kg 的小孩从高度为3m 的滑梯顶端由静止开始滑下，滑到底端的速度为2m/s ，g 取10m/s 2,关于力对小孩做的功，结论正确的是：A.合外力做功50JB.阻力做功-50JC.重力做功50JD.支持力做功50J10．物体沿直线运动的v －t 关系如图所示，已知在第1秒内合外力对物体做的功为W ，则A ．从第1秒末到第3秒末合外力做功为4WB ．从第3秒末到第5秒末合外力做功为－2WC ．从第5秒末到第7秒末合外力做功为WD ．从第3秒末到第4秒末合外力做功为－0.75W11．“嫦娥一号”探月卫星沿地月转移轨道到达月球，在距月球表面200km 的P 点进行第一次“刹车制动”后被月球捕获，进入椭圆轨道Ⅰ绕月飞行，如右图所示。

浙江省杭州地区六校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中联考物理试卷

浙江省杭州地区六校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中联考物理试卷考生须知：1．本卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟；2．答题前，在答题卷密封区内填写班级、学号和姓名；座位号写在指定位置；3．所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；4．考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。

一、单项选择题（每小题3分，共24分）1.如图1，A、B两物体通过跨过光滑滑轮的细线连在一起，它们均处于静止状态，A的受力情况是（）A．受4个力的作用，其中弹力有2个B．受4个力的作用，其中弹力有1个C．受3个力的作用，其中弹力有2个D．受3个力的作用，其中弹力有1个2．甲、乙两车同时从同一地点沿同一方向出发，如图2是甲、乙两车的速度图象，由图可知（）A．甲车的加速度大于乙车的加速度B．t1时刻甲、乙两车的加速度相同C．t1时刻甲、乙两车相遇D．t1时刻甲、乙两车速度相等3．同一平面内的三个力，大小分别为4N、5N、7N，若三力同时作用于某一物体，则该物体所受三力合力的最大值和最小值分别为（）A．16N、2N B．16N、0 C．9N、0 D．5N、2N4. 在一次抗洪抢险战斗中，一位武警战士驾船把群众送到河对岸的安全地方。

设河水流速为3m/s，河宽为600m，船相对静水的速度为4m/s。

则下列说法正确的是（）A．渡河的最短时间为120s B．渡河的最短时间为150sC．渡河的最大合速度为5m/s D．渡河的最短航程为750m5. 下列关于平抛运动的说法中正确的是（）A．由于物体只受重力作用，因此平抛运动是匀变速曲线运动B．由于速度的方向不断变化，因此平抛运动不是匀变速运动C．平抛运动的水平位移由抛出时的初速度大小决定D．平抛运动的时间由抛出时的高度和初速度的大小共同决定6．一质量为m的物体，沿半径为R的向下凹的圆形轨道滑行，如图3所示，经过最低点的速度为v，物体与轨道之间的动摩檫因数为μ，则它在最低点时受到的摩檫力为（）A．μmg B．μmv2/RC．μm(g+v2/R) D．μm(g-v2/R)7．甲、乙两物体都做匀速圆周运动，其质量之比为1∶2 ，转动半径之比为2∶1 ，在相等时间里甲转过260°，乙转过45°，则它们所受外力的合力之比为（）A ．1∶1B ．4∶3C ．16∶9D ．9∶168.在粗糙的水平地面上用两种方法使物体由静止开始作匀加速运动，如图4所示，第一种方式是拉力，第二种方式是推力，两种情况下力的作用线与水平方向夹角、力的大小、位移的大小均相同，比较这两种情况，则（）A. 力F 对物体所做的功相等B. 摩擦力对物体所做的功相等 C ．力F 做功的平均功率相等 D. 物体的动能变化量相等二、不定项选择题（每题中至少有一个选项是正确的，多选、错选均不得分，漏选得2分。

人教版高中物理必修二高一下学期期末考试重点测试：机车启动问题(P=FV公式)[有解析].docx

高中物理学习材料唐玲收集整理来源：2012-2013学年河北省存瑞中学高一第二次月考物理试题（带解析）【题文】火车在一段水平的直线轨道上匀加速运动，若阻力不变，则牵引力F和它的瞬时功率P的变化情况是（）A、F不变，P变大B、F变小，P不变C、F变大，P变大D、F不变，P不变【答案】A【解析】试题分析：由于火车做匀加速直线运动，根据牛顿第二定律可得，，由于f不变，a不变，所以火车的牵引力F不变，火车的功率，F不变，但是火车的速度v在不断的增加，所以火车的功率在不断的变大，所以A正确．故选A．考点：功率、平均功率和瞬时功率．点评：分析火车的瞬时功率只能用功率来分析，公式求出的是平均功率的大小．来源：2012-2013学年江西省南昌市第二中学高一下学期期中考试物理试题（带解析）【题文】某汽车发动机的额定功率为P＝6.0×10 4W，汽车的质量为m＝5.0×10 3kg，该车在水平路面上沿直线行驶时，阻力是车重的0.1倍，g取10 m/s2.试求：(1)汽车保持额定功率从静止启动后能达到的最大速度是多少？(2)若汽车从静止开始且保持以a＝0.5 m/s2的加速度做匀加速运动，这一过程能维持多长时间？【答案】12m/s 16s【解析】试题分析：(1)设汽车以额定功率启动达到最大速度v m时牵引力为F，此时汽车的加速度a＝0.根据牛顿第二定律和功率的表达式F－f＝ma＝0①f＝0.1mg②P＝Fv m③联立①②③解得v m＝12 m/s.(2)设汽车从静止开始做匀加速运动终止时的速度为v，这一过程所用的时间为t，由于速度为v时汽车的实际功率F′v等于汽车的额定功率P.根据匀变速运动公式和牛顿第二定律得F′－f＝ma④v＝at⑤F′v＝P⑥联立④⑤⑥解得t＝16 s.考点：本题考查了汽车启动，点评：汽车以额定功率启动达到最大速度v m时牵引力为F，此时汽车的加速度a＝0.然后结合牛顿运动定律，可解出汽车的最大速度，由于速度为v时汽车的实际功率F′v等于汽车的额定功率P.根据匀变速运动公式和牛顿第二定律可解得来源：2012-2013学年河北省馆陶一中高一下学期期中考试物理试题（带解析）【题文】关于功率公式P=和P=Fv，下列说法中正确的是（）A．由P=知，只要知道W和t就可求出任意时刻的功率B．由P=Fv只能求某一时刻的瞬时功率C．由P=Fv知汽车的功率与它的速度成正比D．由P=Fv知当汽车发动机功率一定时，牵引力与速度成反比【答案】D【解析】试题分析：由P=，知道W和t可以求出在t这一段时间间隔内的平均功率，而不是任意时刻的瞬时功率，A错误。

浙江省杭州外国语学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试数学试卷

浙江省杭州外国语学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试数学试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．已知,m n 表示两条不同直线，α表示平面，则（） A ．若//,//m n αα，则//m n B ．若//,m m n α^，则n α⊥ C ．若,m m n α⊥⊥，则//n αD ．若,m n αα⊥⊂，则m n ⊥2．如图，在平行六面体（底面为平行四边形的四棱柱）1111ABCD A B C D -中，E 为BC 延长线上一点，3BC CE =u u u r u u u r，则1D E u u u u r =（）A ．11-3AB AD AA +u u u r u u u r u u u rB ．12-3AB AD AA +u u u r u u u r u u u rC ．113AB AD AA ++u u u r u u u r u u u rD ．11-3AB AD AA +u u u r u u u r u u u r3．如图，已知平面α，β，且l αβ=I .设梯形ABCD 中，//AD BC ，且AB α⊂，CD β⊂.则下列结论正确的是（）A ．直线AB 与CD 可能为异面直线 B ．直线AB ，CD ，l 相交于一点C ．AB CD =D ．直线AC 与BD 可能为异面直线4．如图，一个正四棱锥P ABCD -的五个顶点都在球面上，且底面ABCD 经过球心O .若1283-=P ABCD V ，则球O 的表面积是A ．814πB ．36πC ．64πD ．274π5．如图，在正三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，1AB =，若二面角1C C AB --的大小为60︒，则点C 到平面1C AB 的距离为（）A ．1B ．12C ．34D 6．已知正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，点E 是线段1BB 上靠近1B 的三等分点，点F 是线段11D C 上靠近1D 的三等分点，则平面AEF 截正方体1111ABCD A B C D -形成的截面图形为（） A ．三角形B ．四边形C ．五边形D ．六边形7．北京大兴国际机场的显著特点之一是各种弯曲空间的运用.刻画空间的弯曲性是几何研究的重要内容.用曲率刻画空间弯曲性，规定：多面体顶点的曲率等于2π与多面体在该点的面角之和的差（多面体的面的内角叫做多面体的面角，角度用弧度制），多面体面上非顶点的曲率均为零，多面体的总曲率等于该多面体各顶点的曲率之和，例如：正四面体在每个顶点有3个面角，每个面角是π3，所以正四面体在各顶点的曲率为π2π3π3-⨯=，故其总曲率为4π，则四棱锥的总曲率为（）A ．2πB ．4πC ．5πD ．6π8．已知正方体1111ABCD A B C D -边长为1，点,E O 分别在线段11B D 和BD 上，1114,5EB B D DO BO ==，动点F 在线段1AA 上，且满足1102AF AA λλ⎛⎫=<< ⎪⎝⎭，分别记二面角11,F OB E F OE B ----，1F EB O --的平面角为,,αβγ，则总有（）A ．αβγ>>B ．γβα>>C ．γαβ>>D ．βαγ>>二、多选题9．如图，A B C '''V 为水平放置的ABC V 的直观图，其中2,A B AC B C ''''''===面图形ABC 中有（）A ．AC BC <B ．2AB =C ．AC =D ．ABC S =△10．如图，以等腰直角三角形ABC 的斜边BC 上的高AD 为折痕，翻折ABD △和ACD V ，使得平面ABD ⊥平面ACD .下列结论正确的是（）A ．BD AC ⊥B ．ABC V 是等边三角形 C ．三棱锥D ABC -是正三棱锥D ．平面ACD ⊥平面ABC11．中国古代数学的瑰宝《九章算术》中记载了一种称为“曲池”的几何体，该几何体是上、下底面均为扇环形的柱体（扇环是指圆环被扇形截得的部分）．现有一个如图所示的曲池，1AA 垂直于底面，15AA =，底面扇环所对的圆心角为π2，弧AD 的长度是弧BC 长度的3倍，2CD =，则下列说法正确的是（）A ．弧AD 长度为3π2B ．曲池的体积为10π3C ．曲池的表面积为2014π+D ．三棱锥1A CC D -的体积为512．如图，在直四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -中，底面ABCD 为菱形，160,2,BAD AB AA P ∠===o 为1CC 的中点，点Q 满足][()10,1,0,1DQ DC DD λμλμ⎡⎤=+∈∈⎣⎦u u u r u u u r u u u u r，则下列结论正确的是（）A ．若13λμ+=，则四面体1A BPQ 的体积为定值 B ．若1A BQ △的外心为O ，则11A B AO ⋅u u u r u u u r为定值2C ．若1AQ =QD ．若1λ=且12μ=，则存在点1E A B ∈，使得AE EQ +三、填空题13．()()1,0,2,1,3,1A B -，点M 在z 轴上且到,A B 两点的距离相等，则M 点的坐标为 .14．如图，在四面体A BCD -中，2,AC BD AC ==与BD 所成的角为45o ，,M N 分别为,AB CD 的中点，则线段MN 的长为 .15．已知()()21,5(0,R)f x ax g x x bx a b =-=+->∈（1）若2a =时，()()f x g x =的两根为12,x x ，则12x x -的最小值为 . （2）若0x >时，()()0f x g x ⋅≥恒成立，则3b a+的最小值为 .16．下列命题正确的是 .（填序号）①若一条直线平行于两个相交平面，则这条直线与这两个平面的交线平行； ②垂直于同一条直线的两直线平行；③两个平面互相垂直，过一个平面内任意一点作交线的垂线，必垂直与另一个平面； ④过两个点与已知平面的垂直的平面可能不存在；⑤过两条异面直线外任一点有且只有一条直线与这两条异面直线都垂直； ⑥到一个四面体的四个顶点的距离都相等的平面有7个.四、解答题17．已知空间向量(1,2,1),(2,1,1)a b =-=-r r．(1)计算32a b +r r 和53a b -r r ;(2)求a r 与b r夹角θ的余弦值．18．正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，M ，N 分别是1BC ，1CD 的中点.(1)求异面直线1CD 与1BC 所成角； (2)求证：//MN 平面ABCD19．已知四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -如图所示，底面ABCD 为平行四边形，其中点D 在平面1111D C B A 内的投影为点1A ，且1AB AA ==2,120AD ABC ︒∠=．(1)求证：平面1A BD ⊥平面11ADD A ；(2)已知点E 在线段1C D 上（不含端点位置），且平面1A BE 与平面11BCC B的夹角的余弦值为1DE EC 的值．20．已知函数(),(),()f x g x h x 的定义域均为R ，给出下面两个定义：①若存在唯一的x ∈R ，使得(())(())f g x h f x =，则称()g x 与()h x 关于()f x 唯一交换； ②若对任意的x ∈R ，均有(())(())f g x h f x =，则称()g x 与()h x 关于()f x 任意交换． (1)请判断函数()1g x x =+与()1h x x =-关于2()f x x =是唯一交换还是任意交换，并说明理由；(2)设()22()2(0),()1f x a x a g x x bx =+≠=+-，若存在函数()h x ，使得()g x 与()h x 关于()f x 任意交换，求b 的值；(3)在（2）的条件下，若()g x 与()f x 关于e 1()e 1x x w x -=+唯一交换，求a 的值．。

浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年下学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷

浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年下学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷考试须知：1、英语试卷总分值100分，总答题时间100分钟;2、本试卷分―试题卷‖、―答题卷‖，其中―试题卷‖9页，―答题卷‖1页;3、选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，修改时用橡皮擦干净；4、非选择题必须使用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔，在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；5、保持答题纸面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄皱。

I. Listening comprehension: 10%Part I: Listen to the short conversations and answer the following questions. Each conversation will be read only ONCE. 3%1. Why couldn’t the woman give the man some help?A. She is quite busy right now.B. She doesn’t like grammar at all.C. She is poor in grammar, too.2. What happened to the man?A. He had to do others’ jobs.B. Nobody would like to help him.C. He had to take Jane to hospital.3. How does the woman like eating out?A. She enjoys it.B. She doesn’t care.C. She dislikes it.4. What will the weather probably be like on Thursday?A. Fine.B. Foggy.C. Rainy.5. What is the woman doing?A. Making an apology.B. Asking the way.C. Asking for advice.6. What happened to the man?A. He lost his car.B. He called his girlfriend.C. He left his keys in the car.Part II: Listen to the conversation and answer the following questions. The conversation will be read TWICE. 3%7. What are the speakers talking about?A. Buying a car.B. Choosing a gift.C. Using a computer.8. What’s the relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Professor and student.C. Salesman and customer.9. What do we know about the person mentioned by the speakers?A. Maybe he likes something expensive.B. He is surely over sixty years old.C. He must be fond of learning.Part III: Listen to the long passage and fill in the blanks with missing words. The passage will be read TWICE. 4%The Internet is Changing Our MemoryNew research suggests the Internet is changing our memory. Researchers from Colombia University ____10____ people with different questions and found many began to think of computers. Lead researcher Dr. Betsy Sparrow said that when test participants knew the answers would be available on a computer, they did less well on the memory tests. She said we use the Internet as a new ―transactive memory‖. We rely on this to do the remembering for us. It’s similar to our personal data being backed up on a hard disk. The Internet acts as a huge ____11____ device for all the world’s knowledge, that is there when we need it. Dr. Sparrow said computers were not making us less ____12____. ―I don't think Google is making us stupid. We're just changing the way that we're remembering thi ngs,‖ she said.Dr. Sparrow believes we are becoming very good at remembering where we keep information in different folders on our computers. She said: "This suggests that for the things we can find online, we ____13____ to keep it online as far as memory is _____14_____ -- we keep it ____15____ stored." She explained that because we are remembering the ____16____ of the information, rather than the information itself, we are becoming better at organizing huge quantities of data and facts in a more ____17____ way. She also said the way we use technology is changing our need to remember things, saying: ―If you can find stuff online even when you're walking down the street these days, then the skill to have, the thing to remember, is where to go to find the information."II. Multiple choices: 8%18. In the article ―a day to remember‖, what would have most upset the woman on the dayeverything went wrong for her?A. She had not expected her husband to arrive so early.B. Her husband had not told her he was bringing anyone to dinner.C. The meal she had cooked for the three guests had got burnt.D. She had not got enough crockery left to serve the meal with.19. In Lesson 3 of BOB, when the writer says ―He is forever talking about the friendly people, …‖,the author is trying to show his ______.A. disagreementB. satisfactionC. agreementD. misery20. ______ Chinese people had to use coupons(配给券) to buy life necessities, such as food and cloth.A. At a timeB. At one timeC. For one timeD. In time21. According to the article, the ―stay-at-home dad‖ will probably be __________.A. on the riseB. a high-paying jobC. a temporary trendD. a controversial issue22. In Lesson 2 of SC – Giving Until It Hurts, what stands out mo st about those wealthy people’sgenerosity is their __________.A. incentiveB. sentimentC. dedicationD. fulfillment23. The Wilsons live in ____________ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _____________ 18thcentury cottage.A. the; aB. an; theC. /; theD. an; an24. You __________ as well bring an umbrella with you today. It seems as if it’s going to rain.A. couldB. shouldC. needD. might25. Everyone was on time for the meeting -- _________ Chris, who’s usually ten minutes late for everything.A. butB. onlyC. evenD. yet26. According to the school rule, he ______ be punished if he is late for school again.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall27. If little Jimmy ________ my advice and listen to the teacher carefully in class, he __________the exam next month. But I’m afraid he will definitely turn a deaf ear to my words.A. can accept; will passB. should accept; would passC. had accepted; would have passedD. accepted; would have passed28. The old man, ________________ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to hismotherland.A. to workB. workingC. to have workedD. having worked29. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ____________ much work you have t o do.A. howeverB. no matterC. althoughD. whatever30. I don’t mind picking up your things from the store. ____________, the walk will do me good.A. Sooner or laterB. StillC. In timeD. Besides31. –Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.-- ________ Have you got the first prize in the competition?A. What for?B. Thanks a lot.C. Yes, I’d like to.D. Why not?32. Jerry, you ____________ talk loudly in the library; you ____________ disturb others.A. can’t; won’tB. mustn’t; mayC. shouldn’t; mustD. can’t; shall33. ---The Chinese athletes did extremely well in the London Olympics.--- Yes, they ______ very hard, or they ______ such great achievements.A.must have been trained; couldn’t have gotB.must have t rained; shouldn’t have gotC.must have been trained; must have gotD.should have been trained; couldn’t have gotIII. Cloze: 20%I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I’m left __34__. Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other __35__?I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, __36__ children from different races and religions played and studied __ 37__ in harmony. At that time my family lived a stone’s __38__ from Ismail’s house. And no on e was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu---we just __39__ our differences. Perhaps, our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice -- well __40__ or otherwise.We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, we'd __41__ the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to __42__ the unexpected. At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his __43__.When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismai l’s family later returned to their village, and I _44__ touches with him.One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I __45__ my destination.The driver acknowledged my __46__ but did not move off. Instead, he looked __47__ at me. ―R addar?" he said, using my childhood nickname. I was astonished at being so __48__ addressed (称呼). Unexpectedly! It was Ismail! Even after two __49__ we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something __50__ to describe.If we can allow our children to be __51__ without prejudice, they'll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be __52__ their side through bitter and sweet. On such friendships are societies built and __53__ we can truly be, as William Shakespeare once wrote, ―We happy few, we band of brothers".34.A. interested B. pleased C. puzzled D. excited35.A. parties B. cities C. villages D. races36.A. why B. which C. how D. when37.A. together B. around C. alone D. apart38.A. drop B. throw C. move D. roll39.A. refused B. made C. sought D. accepted40.A. paid B. intentioned C. known D. treated41.A. explore B. search C. discover D. desert42.A. get through B. deal with C. come across D. take away43.A. arrival B. choice C. effort D. company44.A. lost B. gained C. developed D. missed45.A. stated B. ordered C. decided D. chose46.A. attempts B. instructions C. opinions D. arrangements47.A. anxiously B. carelessly C. disappointedly D. fixedly48.A. familiarly B. strangely C. fully D. coldly49.A. departures B. months C. years D. decades50.A. possible B. funny C. hard D. clear51.A. them B. themselves C. us D. ourselves52.A. from B. by C. with D. against53.A. still B. otherwise C. then D. insteadIV. Reading comprehension: 32%ADear Lee,As I told you, I’ll be gone until Wednesday morning. Thank you so much for taking on my ―children‖ while I’m away. Like real children, they can be kind of irritating sometimes, but I’m going to enjoy myself so much more knowing they’re getting some kind human attention. Remember that Regina (the ―queen‖ in Latin, and she acts like one) is teething. If you don’t watch her, she’ll chew anything, including her sister, t he cat. There are plenty of chew toys around the house. Whenever she starts gnawing on anything illegal, just give her one of those. She generally settles right down to a good hour-long chew. Then you’ll see her wandering around whimpering with the remains of the toy in her mouth. She gets really frustrated because what she wants is to bury the thing. She’ll try to dig a hole between the cushions of the couch. Finding that unsatisfactory, she’ll wander some more, discontent, until you solve her problem for her. I usually show her the laundry basket, moving a few clothes so she can bury her toy beneath them. I do sound like a parent, don’t I? You have to understand, my own son is practically grown up.Regina’s food is the Puppy Chow in the utility room, where the other pet food is stored. Give her a bowl once in the morning and once in the evening. No more than that, no matter how much she begs. Beagles(小猎犬)are notorious overeaters, according to her breeder, and I don’t want her to lose her girlish figure. Sh e can share Rex (the King’s) water, but be sure it’s changed daily. She needs to go out several times a day, especially last thing at night and first thing in the morning. Let her stay out for about ten minutes each time, so she can do all her business. She also needs a walk in the afternoon, after which it’s important to romp with her for a while in the yard. The game she loves most is fetch, but be sure to make her drop the ball. She’d rather play tug of war with it. Tell her, ―Sit!‖ Then, when she does, say, ―Drop it!‖ Be sure to tell her ―good girl,‖ and then throw the ball for her. I hope you’ll enjoy these sessions as much as I do.Now, for the other two, Rex and Paws… (letter continues)54.From the context of the note, it is most likely that the name ―Rex‖ is _____.A. SpanishB. EnglishC. FrenchD. Latin55.If the sitter is to follow the owner’s directions in playing fetch with Regina, at what point willhe or she tell Regina ―good girl‖?A. Every time Regina goes after the ball.B. After Regina finds the ball.C. When Regina brings the ball back.D. After Regina drops the ball.56.The tone of this letter is best described as _____.A. chatty and humorousB. logical and preciseC. confident and trustingD. humble and preachy57.The information in the note is sufficient to determine that there are three animals in the firsttwo paragraphs. They are _____.A. two cats and a dogB. three dogsC. a dog, a cat, and an unspecified animalD. a cat, a dog, and a parrotBExpensive perfumes come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whale sized secret.To perfect a particular smell, perfume makers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales (抹香鲸), called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet. Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert. He's a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene might push whales out of the perfume business.The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergris—but with a catch.―There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider. In the tree, the chemical is mixed with many others. That makes separation a challenge‖ Bohlmann says. ―It's like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.‖This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergris-like chemical, he decided to use his gene know-how to find the instructions for how to make the ambergris substitute.Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesn't work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells.Yeast may sound familiar because it's used to make things like bread, wine and beer. Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behavior. When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree.Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a person's body.―Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone,‖ explains Bohlmann. ―But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day afte r you apply them.‖The new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.Bohlmann admits he never thought he'd get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.58. It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, ________.A. its user probably supports whale huntingB. its smell will last for about an hourC. there will be a whale symbol on the bottleD. it is probably very expensive59. The underlined expression ―with a catch‖ in Paragraph 3 means ________.A. being difficult to holdB. having a hidden problemC. needing further testingD. being too similar60. According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research?A. They can take on the characteristics of other genes.B. They can reproduce much faster than other cells.C. They share some of the qualities of plant genes.D. They're much cheaper to use than ambergris.61. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Christmas tree's secret.B. The sweet smell of success.C. Whale free perfume.D. Save the whale.CMOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) are free, but without tutoring, and are open to anyone, anywhere in the world. The courses are flexible – normally three to five hours of study a week – done at any time, short (5 to 10 weeks) and video-rich. They are also heavily dependent on crowd sourcing: you can discuss a course with fellow students through online forums, discussionboards and peer review. Students don't have to finish the courses, pass assessments or do assignments, but, if they do, they get a certification of participation.The Open University launched FutureLearn, the UK's answer to US platforms such as Coursera, EdX and Udacity, which have been offering MOOCs from top US universities for the past two years. The response has been incredible, with more than three million people registering worldwide. Meanwhile, in 2012, Edinburgh University became the first non-US institution to join Coursera's partnership, comprising 13 universities. ―We already run 50 online master's degrees, so this was a logical expansion,‖ says Professor Jeff Haywood, Edinburgh's vice-principal. ―It's an investment in teaching methods research. How am I going to teach introductory philosophy to 100,000 people? That's what I call educational R&D.‖ He adds ―If you look ahead 10 years, you'd expect all students graduating to have taken some online courses, so you've got to research that. Our MOOCs are no more in competition with our degrees than a lifelong learning course because they don't carry credits.‖Cooperation is key, Haywood stresses. It is far better to offer 20-30 courses in your own areas of expertise (专门技能) and let other institutions do likewise. Professor Mike Sharples, FutureLearn's academic lead, goes further: ―We've tied the elements available before into a package of courses offered by leading universities worldwide on a new software platform, with a new way of promoting it and also a new social-learning teaching method. You won't just receive an exam, but be able to discuss and mark each other's assignments.‖Bath University, one of more than 20 universities working with FutureLearn, launches its first course, Inside Cancer, next January, and regards MOOCs as a way of breaking down age barriers. "There's no reason why someone doing GCSEs should not look at our MOOCs and get quite a way through them, or someone at PhD level and beyond," says Professor Bernie Morley, expert for learning and teaching.62. MOOCs have these features EXCEPT that_______.A. MOOCs are free of charge for anyoneB. MOOCs can be adjusted according to people’s learning paceC. MOOCs provide teachers’ instructions if you have so me difficultyD. MOOCs have a platform for learners to share their learning experience63. The response to FutureLearn has been thought to be unbelievable because ______.A. all the courses on the platform are available to anyone in the worldB. Edinburgh University became the first non-US institution to join itC. the number of people registering in the platform is beyond expectationD. students can get a certification of participation without passing assessments64. What can be inferred from Professor Bernie Morley in the last paragraph?A. People with various learning levels will probably show interest in MOOCs.B. People at PhD level have already known everything about MOOCs.C. Inside Cancer will be the most popular course for someone doing GCSEs.D. MOOCs are not so competitive as lifelong learning courses due to the problems of credits.65. The passage mainly deals with _____.A. the various opinions on FutureLearnB. the advantages of online teachingmethodsC. the popularity of no-credit coursesD. the emergence of a new learningplatformDThe term culture now is more used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team. In its original sense, however, culture includes all identifying aspects of a racial group, nation, or empire: its physical environment, history, and traditions, its social rules and economic structure, and its religious beliefs and arts.The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another. It is for this reason that most people regard culture as learned rather than innate. People acquire a culture because they are not born with one. The process by which a person develops a taste for regional foods, accented speech, or an outlook on the world over time, therefore, is known as enculturation (文化适应).Cultures are often identified by their symbols —images that are familiar and coated with meaning. Totem poles (图腾柱) carved with animals and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest but more literally represent specific tribes. In Asia and India, the color of yellow is connected with temples while in ancient China it was a color only the emperor’s family was allowed to wear. Thus, different cultures may respo nd to a symbol quite differently. For example, to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals; to others, however, it can mean danger or oppression.To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own, the beliefs, behaviors, and artisticexpression of other groups can seem strange and even threatening. A society that ranks all other cultures against its own standards is considered to be ethnocentric(from the Greek ethnos, meaning ―people,‖ and kentros, meaning ―center‖). A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be inferior and, possibly, wrong or evil.All people are ethnocentric to some degree, and some aspects of ethnocentrism, such as national pride, contribute to a well-functioning society. An appreciation for one’s own culture, however, does not prevent acceptance and respect for another culture. History documents the long-term vigor and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and various cultural backgrounds live and work together. Extreme ethnocentrism, in contrast, can lead to racism — the belief that it is race and racial origin that account for variations in human character or ability and that one’s own race is superior to all other s.66. What does the word ―innate‖ in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Natural.B. Developed.C. Believable.D. Cultivated.67. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Different interpretations of a symbol help to distinguish one culture from another.B. An ethnocentric country opens welcoming arms to cultures different from its own.C. Culture consists of few positive features of a racial group, nation or empire.D. People from various cultural backgrounds often reach an agreement on some image.68. What can be inferred from the passage?A. All aspects of ethnocentrism can produce negative effects on a society.B. Racism is unlikely to bring about serious conflicts among different cultures.C. Respect and acceptance of different cultures are a proper cultural attitude.D. Countries with a strong sense of national pride play a superior role in the world.69. Which might be the best title of the passage?A. Culture, the origin of racial superiorityB. Culture, a faithful mirror of historyC. Culture, the vigour of world developmentD. Culture, a distinctive identity of a nationV. Fill in the blanks with the proper words. The first letter of each word is given. 10%1.Khaled Hosseini, the writer of ―The Kite Runner‖ presente d a realistic p_____________ ofthe conflicts and different social status between the Pashtuns and the Hazaras.2.Many critics have been arguing about the real reason of the missing flight MH370. Some oftheir opinions sound reasonable, while others are simply too f_____________.3.The United Nations warned, global c_____________ of natural resources could almost tripleto 140 billion tones a year by 2050 unless nations take drastic steps (采取严厉措施) to reduce the use of minerals, ores and fossil and plant fuels.4.Many patients o_____________ refuse to get treatment after they are diagnosed with seriousdiseases such as cancer no matter how hard people try to persuade them.5.The tradition of wearing a special white dress only for the wedding ceremony hasp_____________ for about 2 centuries in many western countries.6.It’s common for African-American, Asian-American or Latin-American employees to suetheir bosses on the grounds of racial d_____________ if they are treated unfairly.7.Unlike military strike (军事打击), n_____________ with terrorists has never become anoption for the US government because terrorists always want to achieve their goals by using violence and killing innocent people and they don't deserve it.8.During military training, students were trained to walk, run and sing in unison, vaguely(大致上，近似地) r_____________ life of soldiers.9.Sir Run Run Shaw （邵逸夫）died on January 7th, 2014, but he divided up his property intoseveral p____________ seventeen years ago and gave one to each of his children and his wife.10.To deal with worsening smog, Tianjin will raise pollution discharge（排污）feesd_____________. For example, fees for SO2 emissions（排放）will rise from 1.26 yuan to 6.3 yuan per kilogram.VI. Fill in each blank with a phrase given in the box in its proper from. There are more items than needed. 5%1.To help the readers fully understand the Renaissance and humanism, a photo of Mona Lisa_______________ the article ―Out of the Middle Ages‖ in Teens 33.2.When the last semester of Senior high school_____________, Sr. 3 students will be busyhaving their pictures taken with their teachers, their goodbye wishes written and their used textbooks sent away.3.After I came back, being an exchange student, from Germany for a year, I corresponded withmy host family ______________, however, about 2 years later, we lost track of each other.4.Since the mid-term examination was around the corner, most students _______________ athome with their heads in books during the weekends, occasionally looking at their classmates’ fun-filled uploads.5.The collapse of the ―fast-food‖ apartment building forced its former residents_______________ hotel rooms, their relatives’ and rented apartments temporarily.6.During Qingming Festival, the heavy traffic ___________________ dangerous drivingconditions which resulted in several accidents on my way to Shaoxing.7. A passenger ship carrying 459 people, mostly high school students, sank off South Korea'ssouthern coast on April 16th, leaving almost two hundred missing and more than 100 people dead according to the report on April 22nd. It is believed that most of the passengers must _________________ in the process of sinking.8. A Claude Monet’s first-ever exhibition in China is being held in Shanghai currently. Manyart lovers living in places far from Shanghai _________________ see the exhibits even if they know the operation involves considerable planning.9.For the Pakistani girl Malala, admission into a school is a big event for her,_________________ girls in patriarchal societies in her country are sometimes deprived of the rights to go to school.10.When it comes to dealing with garbage, Chinese really need to learn from Swedes, who__________________ providing heat and electricity to millions of homes by burning waste.VII. Writing: 15%Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.有的校园活动让你兴奋不已，有的校园活动让你感到枯燥乏味。

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浙江省杭州外国语学校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中考试物理试题※试卷共分四个部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟；所有答案请写在答题卷上。

第Ⅰ卷 (选择题，共46分)一、单项选择题(每小题3分，共30分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意，选对的得3分，选错或不答的得0分。

)1．下列关于运动和力的叙述中，正确的是 A ．做曲线运动的物体，其加速度方向一定是变化的 B ．物体做圆周运动，所受的合力一定指向圆心C ．物体所受合力方向与运动方向相反，该物体一定做直线运动D ．物体运动的速率在增加，所受合力方向一定与运动方向相同2．如图所示，在皮带传送装置中，皮带把物体P 匀速带至高处，在此过程中，下述说法正确的是A ．摩擦力对物体做正功B ．摩擦力对物体做负功C ．支持力对物体做正功D ．合外力对物体做正功3．如图所示，在不计滑轮摩擦和绳子质量的条件下，当小车匀速向右运动时，物体A 的受力情况是A ．绳子的拉力大于A 的重力B ．绳子的拉力等于A 的重力C ．绳子的拉力小于A 的重力D ．拉力先大于重力，后变为小于重力4．在水平路面上做匀速直线运动的小车上有一固定的竖直杆，其上的三个水平支架上有三个完全相同的小球A、B 、C ，它们离地面的高度分别为3h 、2h 和h ，当小车遇到障碍物P 时，立即停下，三个小球同时从支架上水平抛出，先后落到水平路面上，如图所示，则下列说法正确的是A ．三个小球落地时间差与车速有关B ．三个小球落地点的间隔距离L 1＝L 2C ．三个小球落地点的间隔距离L 1<L 2D ．三个小球落地点的间隔距离L 1>L 25．如图所示，质量为m 的物体沿动摩擦因数为μ的水平面以初速度v 0 从A 点出发到B 点时速度变为v ，设同一物体以初速度v 0从A´点先经斜面A´C ，后经斜面CB ´到B ´点时速度变为v´ ，两斜面在水平面上投影长度之和等于AB 的长度，则有 A ．v´>v B ．v´=v C ．v´<v D ．不能确定6．木球从水面上方某位置由静止开始自由下落，落入水中又继续下降一段距离后速度减小到零。

把木球在空中下落过程叫做Ⅰ过程，在水中下落过程叫做Ⅱ过程。

不计空气和水的摩擦阻力，下列说法中正确的是A ．第Ⅰ阶段重力对木球做的功等于第Ⅱ阶段木球克服浮力做的功B ．第Ⅰ阶段重力对木球做的功大于第Ⅱ阶段木球克服浮力做的功C ．第Ⅰ、第Ⅱ阶段重力对木球做的总功和第Ⅱ阶段合力对木球做的功的代数和为零D ．第Ⅰ、第Ⅱ阶段重力对木球做的总功等于第Ⅱ阶段木球克服浮力做的功7．如图所示，把小车放在光滑的水平桌面上，用轻绳跨过定滑轮使之与盛有砂子的小桶相连，已知小车的质量为M ，小桶与砂子的总质量为m ，把小车从静止状态释放后，在小桶下落竖直高度为h 的过程中，若不计滑轮及空气的阻力，下列说法中正确的是 A ．绳拉车的力始终为mgB ．当M 远远大于m 时，才可以认为绳拉车的力为mgC ．小车获得的动能为mghD ．小桶和砂子获得的动能为mgh8．如图所示，小球a 、b 的质量分别是2m 和m ，a 从倾角为30°的光滑固定斜面的顶端无初速下滑，b 从斜面等高处以初速度v 0平抛，比较a 、b 落地的运动过程有 A ． a 、b 两球同时到达地面 B ． a 、b 落地前的速度相同 C ．重力对a 、b 做的功相同D ．落地前瞬间a 、b 两球重力做功的瞬时功率相等9．如图所示，在同一竖直平面内有两个正对着的半圆形光滑轨道，轨道的半径都是R ，轨道端点所在的水平线相隔一定的距离x ，一质量为m 的小球能在其间运动而不脱离轨道，经过最低点B 时的速度为v ，小球在最低点B 与最高点A 对轨道的压力之差为ΔF (ΔF >0)，不计空气阻力，则A ．m 、x 一定时，R 越大，ΔF 一定越大B ．m 、x 一定时，v 越大，ΔF 一定越大C ．m 、R 一定时，x 越大，ΔF 一定越大D ．m 、R 一定时，v 越大，ΔF 一定越大10．一演员表演飞刀绝技，由O 点先后抛出完全相同的三把飞刀，分别垂直打在竖直木板上M 、N 、P 三点，如图所示。

假设不考虑飞刀的转动，并可将其看做质点，已知O 、M 、N 、P 四点距水平地面高度分别为h 、4h 、3h 、2h ，以下说法正确的是 A ．三把刀在击中木板时动能相同B ．三次飞行时间之比为1∶2∶ 3C ．三次初速度的竖直分量之比为3∶2∶1D ．设三次抛出飞刀的初速度与水平方向夹角分别为θ1、θ2、θ3，则有θ1>θ2>θ3二、不定项选择题 (每小题4分，共16分，每小题至少有一个或一个以上的选项符合题意。

全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分。

)11．光滑水平面上一运动质点以速度v 0通过点O ，如图所示，与此同时给质点加上沿x 轴正方向的恒力F x 和沿y 轴正方向的恒力F y ，则A ．因为有F x ，质点一定做曲线运动B ．如果F y <F x ，质点向y 轴一侧做曲线运动C ．如果F y ＝F x tan α，质点做直线运动D ．如果F x >F y cot α，质点向x 轴一侧做曲线运动12．如图所示，一根细线下端拴一个金属小球P ，细线的上端固定在金属块Q 上，Q 放在带小孔的水平桌面上。

小球在某一水平面内做匀速圆周运动(圆锥摆)。

现使小球改到一个更高一些的水平面上做匀速圆周运动(图上未画出)，两次金属块Q 都保持在桌面上静止。

则后一种情况与原相比较，下面的判断中正确的是 A ．Q 受到桌面的支持力变大 B ．Q 受到桌面的静摩擦力变大 C ．小球P 运动的角速度变大 D ．小球P 运动的周期变大13．如图所示，为一汽车在平直的公路上，由静止开始运动的速度图象，汽车所受阻力恒定。

图中OA 为一段直线，AB 为一曲线，BC 为一平行于时间轴的直线，则 A ．OA 段汽车发动机的功率是恒定的 B ．OA 段汽车发动机的牵引力恒定 C ．AB 段汽车发动机的功率可能是恒定的 D ．BC 段汽车发动机的功率是恒定的14．运动员从悬停在空中的直升机上跳伞，伞打开前可看做是自由落体运动，打开伞后减速下降，最后匀速下落。

如果用h 表示下落高度，t 表示下落的时间，F 表示人受到的合力，E 表示人的机械能，E p 表示人的重力势能，v 表示人下落的速度，在整个过程中，如果打开伞后空气阻力与速度平方成正比，则下列图象可能符合事实的是第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共54分）三、填空与实验题（本题每空2分，共24分）15．在用高级沥青铺设的高速公路上，汽车的设计时速是108 km/h ，汽车在这种路面上行驶时，它的轮胎与地面间的最大静摩擦力为车重的0.6倍。

取g ＝10 m/s 2，试问：汽车在这种高速公路的水平弯道上安全拐弯时，其弯道的最小半径是 ▲ m 。

16．如图所示，有5个箭头代表船的划动方向(船头指向)，其中C 与河对岸垂直，每两个箭头之间的夹角为30°，已知水流速度v 水＝1.0 m/s ，船在静水中的划速为v 划＝2.0 m/s ，则 (1)要使船能到达出发点的正对岸，那么船头的指向是 ▲ ； (2)要使船能在最短的时间过河，那么船头的指向是 ▲ 。

(均用图中字母表示)17．某研究性学习小组进行了如下实验：如图所示，在一端封闭的光滑细玻璃管中注满清水，水中放一个红蜡做成的小圆柱体R 。

将玻璃管的开口端用橡胶塞塞紧后竖直倒置且与y 轴重合，在R 从坐标原点以速度v 0=3cm/s 匀速上浮的同时，玻璃管沿x 轴正方向做初速为零的匀加速直线运动。

同学们测出某时刻R 的坐标为（4，6），此时R 的速度大小为 ▲ cm/s ，R 在上升过程中运动轨迹的示意图是 ▲ （R 视为质点）。

18．如图所示，医学上常用离心分离机加速血液的沉淀，其“下沉”的加速度可这样表示：a ＝⎝⎛⎭⎫1－ρ0ρ·rω2，而普通方法靠“重力沉淀”产生的加速度为a ′＝⎝⎛⎭⎫1－ρ0ρg ，式子中ρ0、ρ分别为液体密度和液体中固体颗粒的密度，r 表示试管中心到转轴的距离，ω为转轴角速度，由以上信息回答：(1)要实现“离心沉淀”比“重力沉淀”快，则角速度ω＞ ▲ ； (2)若距离r ＝0.2 m ，离心机转速n ＝3000 r/min ，g 取9.8 m/s 2，则 a ∶a ′= ▲ 。

19．某实验小组利用拉力传感器和速度传感器探究“动能定理”。

如图(甲)所示，他们将拉力传感器固定在小车上，用不可伸长的细线将其通过一个定滑轮与钩码相连，用拉力传感器记录小车受到拉力的大小。

在水平桌面上相距50.0 cm 的A 、B 两点各安装一个速度传感器，记录小车通过A 、B 时的速度大小，小车中可以放置砝码。

(1)实验主要步骤如下：①测量出小车和拉力传感器的总质量M'，把细线的一端固定在拉力传感器上，另一端通过定滑轮与钩码相连；正确连接所需电路；②将小车停在C 点，释放小车，小车在细线拉动下运动，记录细线拉力及小车通过A 、B 时的速度； ③在小车中增加砝码，或 ▲ ，重复②的操作。

(2)下表是他们测得的一组数据，其中M 是M '与小车中砝码质量之和，|-|是两个速度传感器记录速度的平方差，可以据此计算出动能变化量ΔE K ，F 是拉力传感器受到的拉力，W 是F 在A 、B 间所做的功。

表格中的ΔE K 3= ▲ J ，W 3= ▲ J 。

(结果保留三位有效数字) |-(3)根据上表，在答题卷的方格纸上作出ΔE K W 图线▲，并得出结论 ▲ 。

四、计算题（共30分，解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。

有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位，只写出最后答案的不能得分）20．（8分）质量为3×106 kg 的列车，在恒定的额定功率下，沿平直的轨道由静止出发，在运动过程中受到的阻力恒定，经1×103 s 后达到最大行驶速度72 km/h ，此时司机关闭发动机，列车继续滑行4 km停下。

求：(1)关闭发动机后列车加速度的大小；(2)列车在行驶过程中所受阻力的大小；(3)列车的额定功率；(4)列车在加速过程中通过的距离。

21．(10分)如图所示，置于圆形水平转台边缘的小物块随转台加速转动，当转速达到某一数值时，物块恰好滑离转台开始做平抛运动。

现测得转台半径R＝0.5 m，离水平地面的高度H ＝0.8 m，物块平抛落地过程水平位移的大小s＝0.4 m。

设物块所受的最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力，取重力加速度g＝10 m/s2。