初中英语简单句句型转换方法归纳

初中英语简单句句型转换方法归纳
初中英语简单句句型转换方法归纳

攻破句型转换难关,提高英语解题能力

—初中英语简单句句型转换方法归纳

初中英语简单句的句型转换通常包括:肯定句变否定句;陈述句变一般疑问句;陈述句变特殊疑问句;陈述句变反意疑问句;陈述句变祈使句;陈述句感叹句;单数句变复数句或复数句变单数句;主动语态变被动语态等。

简单句的句型转换是初中英语学习中的重点,也是难点。常常是英语测试题中的必考题型之一。因此,我在教学中归纳、总结了一些固定的句型转换方法,有效帮助学生提高了英语解题能力。

一、归纳、总结以下单词,强化学生听、说、读、写。

1、be动词:is,am,are,was,were.

2、情态动词:can,could,will,would,shall,sho uld,may,must,need,dare.

3、否定词:not,never,few,little,hardly.

4、助动词:do,does,did,have,has,will,wou ld,is,am,are,was,were.

5、指示代词:this,that,these,those.

6、不定代词:some,any,somebody,someone, anybody,anyone,nobody,no one,everybody,ever

yone,something,anything,everything,nothing,bot h,neither,all,none.

7、人称代词:

主格:I,we,you,he,she,it,they.

宾格:me,us,you,him,her,it,them.

8、物主代词:

形容词性物主代词:my,our,your,his,her, its,their.

名词性物主代词:mine,ours,yours,his,her s,its,theirs.

9、感叹词:what,how.

10、特殊疑问词:

(1)、what“什么”,用于对人名、物名、事件、职业、日期、天气、看法等提问。

(2)、what class“哪个班”,用于对班级提问。

(3)、what grade“哪个年级”,用于对年级提问。

(4)、what color“什么颜色”,用于对颜色提问。

(5)、what time“几点钟”,用于对点钟提问。

(6)、what day“星期几”,用于对星期提问。

(7)、how“怎么样”,用于对了解人物情况、做事方式、天气、看法等提问。

(8)、how old“几岁”,用于对年龄提问。

(9)、how many“多少”,用于对可数名词的数量提问。

(10)、how much“多少”,用于对不可数名词的数量和价钱提问。

(11)、how long“多久”,用于对过去一段时间或过去至将来一段时间提问。

(12)、how soon“多久”,用于对现在至将来一段时间提问。

(13)、how often“多久”,用于对频率提问。

(14)、how many times“多少次”,用于对次数提问。

(15)、which“哪一个”,用于对作出选择提问。

(16)、when“什么时候”,用于对某个时间提问。

(17)、where“在哪里”,用于对地点提问。

(18)、who“谁”,用于对不知道的人物提问。

(19)、whose“谁的”,用于对物主提问。

(20)、why“为什么”,用于对原因提问。

以上单词是完成句型转换的关键,教师必须采取有效的措施和方法训练学生能够熟练地听、说、读、写。当然,教师在归纳、总结这些单词时,不一定是一次就归纳完毕。应该根据每学期出现的句型转换内容进行合适的归纳、总结。

比如:初一上学期的句型转换主要是单数句变复数句或复数句变单数句;含be动词is,am,are和情态动词can,

can,could,will,would,may,must的肯定句变否定句和一般疑问句,以及加助动词do,does,变否定句和一般疑问句;以what,where,who, whose,how,how ol d,how many,how much,what color,what time等开头的特殊疑问句等。因此,教师在这一阶段归纳时,主要归纳出以上单词即可。

二、当训练学生能够熟练地听、说、读、写以上单词后,并帮助学生归纳出句型转换的固定方法。

1、肯定句变否定句方法

(1)、当句子中有be动词,情态动词,助动词时,直接在其后面加“not”。

口诀:be、情、助后加“not”,随时都得牢牢记。

例:He is a student in Class Two, Grade Seven.

He is not a student in Class Two, Grade Seve n.

(2)、当句子中无be动词、情态动词、助动词时,则根据谓语动词的形式分别在主语后:动词原形加“don’t”,动词第三人称单数加“do esn’t”,动词过去式加“didn’t”。当加了“doesn’t”,“didn’t”后,谓语动词必须还成原形。

口诀:be,情,助无,主后动原加“don’t”,动三加“d oesn’t”,动过加“didn’t”要牢记,动词还原勿忘记。

例:She reads English newspaper every evening.

She doesn’t read English newspaper every even ing.

注:若肯定句中有some或含有some的不定代词时,变否定句要改为any或含有any的不定代词;若肯定句中有a nd连接的并列内容时,变否定句要把and改为or。

例:I have some new sweaters and jackets.

I don’t have any new sweaters or jackets.

2、陈述句变一般疑问句

(1)、口诀:be、情、助提句首,句末记住加问号。

例:They can speak English and Chinese.

Can they speak English and Chinese?

(2)口诀:be、情、助无,句首动原加“Do”,动三加“Does”,动过加“Did”。动词还原要切记,句末问号勿忘记。

例:He bought a pair of white trousers yesterday.

Did he buy a pair of white trousers yesterday?

注:若陈述句中包含有I,me,my,mine时,则要相应地改为you,you,your,yours。

例:I went to the zoo with my mother last Sunday.

Did you go to zoo with your mother last Sund ay?

3、`陈述句变特殊疑问句方法

变特殊疑问句,即就是对划线部分提问。首先要分析划线部分意思,根据其意思选择正确的特殊疑问词放在句首,再把剩下的句子变为一般疑问句写在特殊疑问词后面,即:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?=特殊疑问句?

例:There are sixty students in my class.

How many students are there in your class?

注:若划线部分为主语部分时,则是:特殊疑问词+陈述句?

例:My book is on the desk over there.

Whose book is on the desk over there?

4、陈述句变反意疑问句方法

反意疑问句结构:

(1)、肯定陈述句,+否定简短疑问句?

(2)、否定陈述句,+肯定简短疑问句?

口诀:若陈述句中有be、有情、有助时,直接将其提到后,再把主语搬到尾;若陈述句中无be、无情、无助时,借do,does, did 放在后,再把主语搬到尾。

例1:Your father is an office worker.

Your father is an office worker, isn’t he?

例2:He never smokes.

He never smokes, does he?

注:若陈述句主语为名词时,要改为相应的人称代词。

例:Jane can swim.→Jane can swim, can’t she?

5、单数句变复数句或复数句变单数句方法

口诀:be动词、指示代词、名词、人称代词、物主代词、单变复或复变单,其它词语不需变。

例1:单数句变复数句:This is a beautiful dress.→These are beautiful dresses.

例2:复数句变单数句:Those are our schoolbags.

→That is my schoolbag.

6、陈述句变祈使句方法

祈使句结构:

(1)、肯定祈使句:动词原形+其它词语。

(2)、否定祈使句:Don’t +动词原形+其它词语。

祈使句特点:无主语。

口诀:主、be、情、助全去掉,动词还原放在前,其它词语照样写。原来“not”变“Don’t”,放在句首要切记。

例1:You must clean the classroom today.

Clean the classroom today!

例2:She is writing the English words now.

Write the English now!

例3:I’m not watching TV.

Don’t watch TV.

7、陈述句变感叹句方法

感叹句结构:

(1)、What +a /an +形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!

(2)、What +形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其它词!

(3)、How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其它词!

注:主语和谓语有时可以省略。

例1:This is an interesting story.

What an interesting story this is! / How inter esting this story is!

例2:Michael runs very fast i n the boys’ relay rac e.

How fast Michael runs in the boys’ relay ra ce!

8、主动语态变被动语态方法

口诀:宾变主,主变介词by的宾,be加过去分词作谓语。看看谓语何时态,想想主语单复,be的形式再确定。

例:Farmers plant rice in spring.

Rice is planted (by farmers) in spring.

注:by加宾语不需要特别强调时,常常省略。

以上句型转换方法,重在抓住关键词语进行句型的变化。因此,学生如果熟练地掌握了关键词语,就能够很容易地攻

下句型转换难关,迅速熟悉解题方法,提高英语解题能力,增强英语学习兴趣,达到最终学好英语,掌握英语,运用英语的目的。

练一练:

1、Jane has long hair.改为否定句、一般疑问句、反意疑问句和感叹句。

2、There is some water in the glass.改为一般疑问句、否定句和反意疑问句。

3、Maria can sing this English.改为一般疑问句、否定句和反意疑问句。

4、I’m a Chinese teacher in a school.改为一般疑问句、否定句和反意疑问句。

5、I want to buy six bottles of milk.对划线部分提问。

6、The man in the car is my father.对划线部分提问。

7、He has kept the book from his school library for two weeks.对划线部分提问。

8、The students mustn’t make much no ise in class.

改为祈使句。

9、My English teacher is a very kind woman.改为感叹句。

10、China make a kind of cars.改为被动语态。

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