2018各区高三一模书面写作试题汇总doc资料
广东省2018届高三第一次模拟考试语文试题Word版含答案
绝密太启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试广东省语文模拟试卷（一）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔将自己所在的县（市、区）、学校以及自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题十和试卷的指定位置，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的“考生号”处填涂考生号。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，用0.5毫米黑色字在条车笔将答案写在条题十上写在来品数正无爱。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。
审美活动的动力机制有情感、想象、超越三种。
与之相应，审美活动所产生的美有三种存在的形态：情象、意象、境界。
审美活动最基本的动力是情感。
从本质上来说，美是情感的对象化。
这里说的情感是审美主体的情感，而不是审美对象的情感。
这里说的对象，有两种形态：一是原生形态。
即原本有一个对象，但不是审美对象，是审美主体将其情感赋予给它，使对象成为主体情感的我体，从而成为审美对象。
二是自创形态。
即原本无对象，因为有情，需要外化，于是就创造一个形象，让其成为情感的载体。
这种情况在艺术创作中居多。
以上两种情况都可以说是情感造形。
情感造形的产物就是情象。
情象是美的基础形态。
凡审美都有情感造形存在，只是审美中的情感造形，除艺术创作外，都是不自觉的，而是直觉的。
刘勰说诗人创作时“登山则情满于山，观海则意溢于海”。
这种情况不只是艺术创作时有，只要是进入审美形态的人都有。
情象是审美主体的创造，只是这创造主要表现在情感的赋予上，而当想象参与后，则就有很大的不同。
想象的最重要的功能是创造新事物，这新事物是现实中不存在的。
想象的创造，不只有情感在起作用，还有人的意识、文化修养在起作用。
于是，这新创造的形象就具有丰富的意蕴，这具有丰富意蕴的形象我们叫它“意象”。
2018各区一模作文题汇总(共16套)
2018各区一模作文题汇总（共16套）
普陀：这才是值得珍爱的...
奉贤：这不是一件小事
静安：打开另一扇门
虹口：爱在我身边
宝山：进步，就从这里开始
嘉定：我明白，这样做得对
浦东：慢慢地，学会了欣赏
杨浦：陪伴
闵行：成长路上，一直有阳光
徐汇：意外的收获
长宁：我的世界还有你
金山：舌尖上的滋味
黄浦：我的动力之源
青浦：以自己的方式
松江：这一次，我要大声喝彩
崇明：风景在路上
有人戏称各区的作文题简直是“正能量”满满，甚至编出了串烧：
走过漫漫人生，回想当年，我明白，爸妈这样做得对，我明白这不是一件小事，感谢父母多年的陪伴，我以为我很孤独，其实爱一直在我身边.面对人生的四季芳华，慢慢的，我学会了欣赏;曾经的磨练,让我打开另一扇门，也让我有了意外的收获,幸好，成长路上一直有阳光.感谢，我的世界还有你。
不管年龄几许，回忆自省思考，让我们不断成长.或许，进步，就从这里开始，我明白，这样做得对，这一次，我要大声喝彩，让自己更优秀就是我的动力之源。
(完整word版)2018年各区高三一模书面写作试题汇总
2018年各区高三一模书面写作试题汇总西城：假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George 参加中国日报（China Daily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（Amazing China）手机摄影大赛。
信的内容包括:1. 作品内容要求；2. 提交时间和方式；3. 表示愿意提供帮助。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
范文：Dear George,How is everything going? I have some exciting news for you! China Daily will hold a mobile photo contest named “Amazing China”, only open to foreigners. I know you love photography, so why not give it a try?The contest welcomes submissions about natural scenery, famous places or historical sites, local customs of China and so forth. And every photo should be accompanied with an explanation: time, place, name of the work, and stories behind. Photos edited with Photoshop or any other software will not be accepted. Each participant can turn in three photos at most to Liuying@. Deadline for entries is Oct.15, 2018.For more information, you can refer to China Daily’s official website.Well, I have to go now, for I have tons of homework to do. If you are interested, I’m more than happy to be your photography companion.Yours,Li Hua假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。
江苏省扬州市2018届高三第一次模拟考试语文Word版含答案
江苏省扬州市2018届高三第一次模拟考试语文Word版含答案2018届高三年级第一次模拟考试(六)语文时间：150分钟满分160分)一、语言文字运用(15分)1.在下面一段话的空缺处依次填入词语，最恰当的一组是(3分)()尽管越来越多的人出国后选择去卢浮宫、XXX、XXX参观，但________式的参观却不在少数；尽管城市中的雕塑越来越多，但真正走入市民精神生活的却________；尽管文化市场上艺术品________，但泡沫也不少，个别收藏者连作者都不了解就举牌，一转身又投向下一场拍卖。
A.浅尝辄止所剩无几琳琅满目B.走马观花寥寥无几琳琅满目C.走马观花所剩无几鳞次栉比D.浅尝辄止寥寥无几鳞次栉比2.下列各句中，没有使用比喻手法的一项是(3分)()A.伏击某一运动中之敌，打早了，暴露了自己，也让敌人有了防备；打迟了，敌人已集中驻止，伏击变为啃硬骨头。
B.XXX说，让XXX坚持18年的是XXX的理想主义，一个公司如果失去了理想，天天思考的就是赚钱，那就变成了一部赚钱的机器。
C.每到寒暑假，学生们都离开校园，这条街上的很多商铺就像冬眠了；等学生返校时，这条街又渐渐热闹起来。
D.近日，人民币对美元汇率暴涨致使美国基金司理XXX 亏损约2.5亿美元，目前他茶饭不思，安康状况亮起了红灯。
3.下列对联中，属于纪念XXX的一组是(3分)()①至圣无域泽天下盛德有范垂人间②旨远辞高，同风雅并举行XXX，与日月争光③万顷重湖悲去国一江千古属斯人④世上疮痍，诗中圣哲民间疾苦，笔底波澜A.①②B.②③C.③④D.②④4.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是(3分)()侥幸心理实际是一种投机取巧的心理，________，________。
________，________，________，________。
但是随着社会文明程度的提高和法制的日益健全，靠侥幸取胜或避害的可能将越来越小，社会终将是老实人的天下。
2018全国各地重点学校高考语文一模作文题目汇总(解析卷)
2018全国各地重点学校高考语文一模作文题目汇总（含分析）1.（2018•上海模拟）根据以下材料，自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章。
人们往往为自己的行为找到充足的理由，然而，事情是怎样，它还是怎样，世界自有其原则。
【分析】第一句话是：“人们往往为自己的行为找到充足的理由”，反过来即命题老师希望对应出来的是，不要为自己的缺陷和不完美去找过多的理由，要正视缺陷和不完美，另一层意思是美好的东西本身就是美好的，不需要过度的包装，让他呈现出自己本身的美好就可以了。
第二句话是：“事情是怎样，它还是怎样”，也就是说一件事情有其自己的属性特质，让它回归自然是最好的，不必为行为缺陷、不完美等找理由，也不必对本身优秀的事物、人物、事件过度包装和吹捧，让其回归自然，如同潺潺流水，花开花落，云卷云舒，自然而然。
用一颗诗意与宁静安然的心，做好自己的本质工作或事情，其它的顺其自然。
因此，可以寻找古今中外三个不同的事件或者人物素材去论证这个观点。
比如说这种“自然而然”就像是一棵树和一朵花或一株草，人面对风雨尚且可以有一间房子可以躲避，但是花草树木是没有的，它是以自己的姿态去安然地迎接和享受人生风雨。
并且在面对阳光的温暖和赐予时，也不会特别的骄傲，用一种安然的心态去接受生命中的每一次掌声。
此时花草树木就是一种做好自己、其他顺其自然的象征。
同样，寻找古今中外有符合这种品质‘气质’品德的人的事件和材料，例证进文章形成观点就可以了。
参考角度：1、不要为自己失范的行为寻找理由；2、人生是用自己的行为书写的；3、还原历史本来的面目；要尊重客观实际；4、事实胜于雄辩；事实存在，诡辩自灭；5、听其言，更要揆其行；6、实事求是地看问题…2.（2018•济南模拟作文）阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
“其实，地铁车站也是一个小世界，在夜晚的车站中，我们见到过太多这样那样的故事。
”京港地铁相关负责人讲了个真实的故事，有一个喜欢穿格子衫的小伙子，经常在京港地铁4号线坐地铁，他几乎都在晚上10点半之后才匆匆进站，夹着一个黑色的公文包。
2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作(Summary Writing)-学生版(已校对)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wilderness TherapyWhen most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they picture traditional talk therapy –someone sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are Open Offices Good for Us?Four years ago, Chris Nagele did what many other technology executives have done before –moved his team into an open concept office. His staff had been entirely working from home, but he wanted everyone to be together, to connect and cooperate more easily. It quickly became clear, though, that Nagele had made a huge mistake. Everyone was distracted and productivity suffered and nine employees were unhappy, not to mention Nagele himself. About three years after moving into the open office, Nagele moved the company into a 10,000-square foot office where everyone now has their own space — complete with closing doors.Numerous companies have held the open office — about 70% of US offices are open concept — and very few have moved back into traditional spaces with offices and doors. But research that we’re 15% less productive, we have huge trouble concentrating in open working spaces, has contributed to a growing criticism against open offices.Beside the cheaper cost, one main argument for the open workspace is that it increases teamwork. However, it’s well documented that we rarely brainstorm brilliant ideas when we’re just shooting the breeze in a crowd. Instead, as many of us know, we’re more likely to hear about the Ch ristmas gift a colleague is buying for a family member, or problems with your deskmate’s spouse.For jobs that require focus, like writing, advertising, financial planning and computer programming, some companies that aren’t ready to abandon open plans are experimenting with quiet and closed spaces. The trouble with that, is some of us don’t feel comfortable leaving the team to go off on our own—it can feel as if we’re not pulling our weight if we’re not present. That’s particularly true in high-pressure environments. Some of us even feel that escaping to a quiet room is a sign of weakness.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terriblereality of vi olence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To airline and airport operators, fog is an enemy. When the white, misty blanket hides runways, airplanes cannot take off or land. Changes in flight schedules cost the airlines several million dollars each year.Fog is an concentration of tiny water droplets suspended in the air. It most often occurs when warm, most air is suddenly cooled. To clear the air of fog, it is necessary to evaporate the droplets or cause them to join together and fall as rain or snow.In 1968, a new fog-sweeping machine was tested for dissipating(驱散）the most common king of fog, which occurs at temperature above freezing. The machine consists of 100-foot-long plastic tube mounted on a mobile blower. As the machine moved across the airport, chemicalswere blown through the tube and up into the fog. One of the chemicals reduces the surface tension on the water droplets so that they would join together more easily. Another chemical gave an electronic charge to the droplets, so that they attracted each other and fell as rain.Cold fog, which occurs at temperatures below freezing, causes only a small percentage of airport shutdowns. Cold fog is fairly easy to eliminate. For quite a few years, airports have used cloud-seeding methods to dissipate cold fog. An airplane drops crystals of dry ice into the fog. Soon, snow falls and the air clears.In the 1900s, another kind of weapon against fog was developed. Pilots who are flying through fog fire a pulse of laser light toward the runway. The light that would normally be reflected by the fog is screened out by a sensor. When the laser pulse returns, the sensor opens briefly to admit only the light reflected from the runway, thus enabling the laser to “see” the runway through the fog.These new “whether weapons” are helping to win the war against fog.IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.We see it everywhere. A tired parent, at the end of a stressful day, loses it — and a child suffers. We’d like to help if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene(干涉)? And if we do, will we embarrass and offend the parent, making him or her even more angry with the child? Isn’t it wiser to walk past without comment? A fter all, none of us is a perfect parent.There seems to be a common assumption in our society that intervening on behalf of a child in a public place is necessarily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world of difference between hurt ful criticism (“How dare you treat your child like that?”) and helpful intervention done in a caring way (“It can be really hard to meet their needs when you’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”) There is nothing essential in intervention that requires one to be offensive.My friends and I have witnessed some really harmful acts: hitting, severe verbal abuse, hurtful comparisons to brothers and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless and inexperienced to stand up for themselves. That emotionalabuse(虐待) leaves no outward scars should not excuse us from helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to step in.There is one more reason for intervening that is nearly always overlooked in these discussions, but which I consider to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on their behalf, and how much it meant: that someone cared, and that the child’s feelings of anger and frustration were recognized and accepted. These adults have stated to me that this one intervention changed their lives and gave them hope. Are we to bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.California condors are North American’s largest birds, will wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival tim e in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Father’s Influence Makes for Better GradesAdolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For many well-educated travelers, buying a copy of Lonely Planet is the first task before taking a vacation abroad. Founded in 1973, Lonely Planet is the biggest guidebook series in many countries. It’s published in 11 languages including Chinese.But when the BBC confirmed on March 19 that it had sold the entire Lonely Planet series to a US billionaire at a significant deficit(赤字), many commented that the deal sang the swan song for the printed guidebook.The rise of the Internet and the prevalence of smartphones have become a burden on the print media. Why would travelers bring a heavy guidebook when they can download the apps to their smartphone in an instant? Furthermore, alternative and free travel content is readily available on the Internet, from Wikivoyage to TripAdvisor which provide excellent guidance on your trips.But the Internet is not the only reason that guidebooks are in decline. It is also widely accepted that the physical guidebook has such complete content that can kill any sense of personal exploration. With the guide books, all those backpacker feet ended up following routine trade routes, and in those routes was little room for initiative.It’s also pointed out that the guidebook is not exactly good for tourism. Often the shops and restaurants that thrived on a recommendation in the guidebook relaxed and discovered that it didn’t matter: the legions of eager trav elers keep on coming anyway. They gradually become uncompetitive.And yet, despite the rise of new media, it’s believed there is still a place for printed guidebooks, at least for the time being as books still offer readers the kind of feeling that virtual tools can’t provide, more of a compelling, touchable interaction.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.From Burn Survivor to Global InspirationLast October, the Kona Ironman World Championship witnessed an unbelievable finish. Turia Pitt, an Australian woman who suffered severe burns when caught in a bush fire during a marathon six years ago, successfully challenged herself.Pitt spent 864 days in a hospital and went through more than 200 operations. Doctors said she would never run again, but she proved them wrong.Crossing the line in the Hawaiian darkness, Pitt showed incredible emotion as the race commentator (现场解说员) announced: “Turia Pitt, you are an ironman!” On social media, people around the world applauded her determination.Apart from continuing to be a star athlete, Pitt is also a motivational speaker now. She is sharing her journey of recovery with others to help raise awareness about the importance of organ donation, which she believes saved her life.Pitt was 24 years old when she and five others encountered the fire. Doctors had to remove the burnt skin and replace it with donated skin that could fight infection. None could be found in Australia and doctors were forced to search abroad. They finally found skin that could be used in the United States.“I’m not being dramatic, but it was the skin that saved my life,” said Pitt. “I decided to live my life to the best of my abilities because I never wanted those donors, wherever they are, to think I was ungrateful for their gift.”So Pitt set herself a big goal: the Kona Ironman World Championship. In order to compete, she had to first learn how to stand, walk and even talk all over again. And because of her burns, she also has trouble sweating and regulating her body temperature.Despite these disadvantages, Pitt completed the race in just 14 hours. She said this achievement would not be possible without the donated skin, highlighting the importance of organ donation.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.“Where You Go” Doesn’t Matter So MuchDuring the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” that matters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite colleges (名校) they assume the celebrities attended.The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise. Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school.The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time during college than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores—one marker of elite colleges—didn’t pay off in higher post-graduation income. Researchers found that students who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them—either because of rejection or by their own choice—are more likely to earn high incomes later than students who actually attended elite schools.In a summary of the findings, the bureau sa ys that “evidently, students’ motivation, ambition and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability of their classmates.”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sales strategiesHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salesperson? Is the salesperson’s job narrative, suggestive, or consultative?The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same.The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual c ustomer. The salesperson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for the buyer. In this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored to a consumer’s needs. More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations value creativity and analytical skills.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beg gars.Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what wasmorally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleIt’s a common sight to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes through big cities in China. Most of them seem to be in a hurry, as they run red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such reckless（鲁莽的）behavior often causes serious problems.In the first half of this year, food delivery drivers had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai alone, according to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau. This means that on average, there is a food delivery worker that gets hurt or even dies on the road in Shanghai every 2.5 days.Other cities also share similar problems. In Nanjing, three people died and 2,473 were injured in road accidents related to food delivery workers in the same period, according to the Ministry of Public Security.The rise of reckless behavior among food delivery workers is closely related to the growing demand for their service, reported People’s Daily. About 150 million people in China use food delivery services, according to China Radio International (CRI). Such a big market has led to alarge demand for food delivery workers, with some companies offering high salaries to attract new workers.However, food delivery workers are often under high pressure from their employers. They face company fines of 20 yuan for delivering food late and upwards of 200 yuan for receiving complaints, reported CRI. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more commission（佣金）they can earn, leading to some workers checking their mobile phones for new orders while they're riding their bikes.While most companies have measures requiring delivery workers to follow traffic rules, “there remains a problem of whether these requirements and rules for delivery workers are truly entering their ears, brains and hearts,” Wang Liang, deputy head of the Traffic Police Security Bureau, told news website The Paper.To solve the problem, some cities have taken action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their workers on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned from driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleReading the world in 195 boobsIn 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country of all 195 UN- recognized states in a year. With no idea how to find publications, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World and put out an appeal for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the planet were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers, like Turkmenistan’s Ak Welsapar and Panama’s Juan David Morgan, sent me unpublished translations of their novels. Even with such an extraordinary team behind me, however, sourcing books was no easy task.But the effort was worth it. As I made my way through the planet’s literary landscapes,extraordinary things started to happen. Far from simply armchair travelling, I found I was inhabiting the mental space of the storytellers. I discovered, book packing offered something that a physical traveller could hope to experience only rarely: it took me inside the thoughts of individuals living far away and showed me the world through their eyes. More powerful than a thousand news reports, these stories not only opened my mind to basic information of life in other places, but opened my heart to the way people there might feel. And that in turn changed my thinking. Through reading the stories shared with me by bookish strangers around the globe, I realized I was not an isolated person, but part of a network that stretched all over the planet.One by one, the country names on the list that had begun as an intellectual exercise transformed into places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed foreign and remote became close and familiar to me — places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleSecure payment without leaving a traceComputer scientist Andy Rupp, member of the “Signaling Code and Security” working group, is always surprised about lacking problem awareness: only few users are aware of the fact that by using payment systems they disclose in detail how and what they consume or which routes they have taken. To prevent control of the accounts by dishonest users, customer data and account balances of payment are usually carried out with the help of a central database. In every payment deal, the customer is identified and the details of her/his deal are transmitted to the central database. This repeated identification process produces a data trace that might be misused by the provider or third parties.The expert has now presented the basics of an “electronic purse” that works by unknown names, but prevents misuse at the same time. The “black-box addition plus” (BBA+) code system developed by them transfers all necessary account data to the card used or the smartphone and guarantees their secrets with the help of signaling code methods. At the same time, BBA+ offers security guarantees for the operator of the payment system: The code system guarantees a correct。
北京市各区2018届高三一模英语试卷 作文
北京市海淀区2018届高三一模英语试卷作文第一节（15分）下面是你的美国朋友Jim给你发的一封邮件。
请给他回一封邮件。
Feb. 16, 2018 Dear Li Hua,Happy Chinese New Year!According to the Chinese zodiac，a baby born this year is a “dog”. So amazing! How many zodiac signs are there in Chinese culture? You know, I was born in the summer of 2000. Could you please tell me what my zodiac sign is? And what does it mean?Thank you and I’m looking forward to your reply.Yours，Jim(请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。
请根据下面四幅图的先后顺序，用英语为校刊写一篇短文，记录今年春节你带奶奶去澳大利亚旅游的经历。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：悉尼Sydney(请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）北京市海淀区2018届高三一模英语试卷参考作文第一节（15 分）One Possible VersionDear Jim,Thank you for your New Year greetings, and I’m very happy about your interest in Chinese zodiac.Actually, there are altogether twelve zodiac signs in Chinese culture. As you were born in 2000, the year of dragon, your zodiac sign is “dragon”.Dragon in Chinese culture mainly conveys two meanings. First, it is the symbol of power and nobleness. Second, Chinese dragon delivers the meaning of being outstanding and extraordinary. Parents often put Chinese character “Long”, which means dragon, in kids’name to show their higher expectations.That’s all about my brief introduction. Hoping it’ll help you have a better understanding of China. If you have any further question, please let me know.Yours,Li Hua第二节（20 分）内容要点：1. 入住酒店2. 游览歌剧院或拍照留念3. 参观大学或观看书法展4. 分享照片One Possible VersionThis Spring Festival, I went to Australia for a trip with my beloved grandma. We appreciated the beauty of Sydney and witnessed Chinese elements everywhere.The instant we stepped into the hotel lobby to check in, we were surprised to find it decorated with red Chinese lanterns. And we were greeted with “Happy Chinese New Year”.Our first destination was the world-famous Sydney Opera House, in front of which stood a giant lantern of zodiac dog, reminding visitors of the Chinese New Year. Delighted and excited, Grandma had a photo taken with it. Afterwards, we headed for the University of Sydney. When we were touring the amazing campus, a Chinese calligraphy exhibition caught our sight. How amazing it was to see “Fu” so far aw ay from home！Surprised at the festive atmosphere, I shared some pictures on WeChat with the words “C hinese Style Everywhere”. Immediately, I got 60 Likes! We were proud of the increasing influence of China.北京市西城区2018届高三一模英语试卷作文第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George 参加中国日报（China Daily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（Amazing China）手机摄影大赛。
北京市各区2018届高三一模英语试卷作文
北京市海淀区2018届高三一模英语试卷作文第一节（15分）下面是你的美国朋友Jim给你发的一封邮件。
请给他回一封邮件。
Feb. 16, 2018 Dear Li Hua,Happy Chinese New Year!According to the Chinese zodiac，a baby born this year is a “dog”. So amazing! How many zodiac signs are there in Chinese culture? You know, I was born in the summer of 2000. Could you please tell me what my zodiac sign is? And what does it mean?Thank you and I’m looking forward to your reply.Yours，Jim(请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。
请根据下面四幅图的先后顺序，用英语为校刊写一篇短文，记录今年春节你带奶奶去澳大利亚旅游的经历。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：悉尼Sydney(请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）北京市海淀区2018届高三一模英语试卷参考作文第一节（15 分）One Possible VersionDear Jim,Thank you for your New Year greetings, and I’m very happy about your interest in Chinese zodiac.Actually, there are altogether twelve zodiac signs in Chinese culture. As you were born in 2000, the year of dragon, your zodiac sign is “dragon”.Dragon in Chinese culture mainly conveys two meanings. First, it is the symbol of power and nobleness. Second, Chinese dragon delivers the meaning of being outstanding and extraordinary. Parents often put Chinese character “Long”, which means dragon, in kids’name to show their higher expectations.That’s all about my brief introduction. Hoping it’ll help you have a better understanding of China. If you have any further question, please let me know.Yours,Li Hua第二节（20 分）内容要点：1. 入住酒店2. 游览歌剧院或拍照留念3. 参观大学或观看书法展4. 分享照片One Possible VersionThis Spring Festival, I went to Australia for a trip with my beloved grandma. We appreciated the beauty of Sydney and witnessed Chinese elements everywhere.The instant we stepped into the hotel lobby to check in, we were surprised to find it decorated with red Chinese lanterns. And we were greeted with “Happy Chinese New Year”.Our first destination was the world-famous Sydney Opera House, in front of which stood a giant lantern of zodiac dog, reminding visitors of the Chinese New Year. Delighted and excited, Grandma had a photo taken with it. Afterwards, we headed for the University of Sydney. When we were touring the amazing campus, a Chinese calligraphy exhibition caught our sight. How amazing it was to see “Fu” so far away f rom home！Surprised at the festive atmosphere, I shared some pictures on WeChat with the words “C hinese Style Everywhere”. Immediately, I got 60 Likes! We were proud of the increasing influence of China.北京市西城区2018届高三一模英语试卷作文第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George 参加中国日报（China Daily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（Amazing China）手机摄影大赛。
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2018年各区高三一模书面写作试题汇总西城：假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George 参加中国日报（China Daily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（Amazing China）手机摄影大赛。
信的内容包括:1. 作品内容要求；2. 提交时间和方式；3. 表示愿意提供帮助。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
范文：Dear George,How is everything going? I have some exciting news for you! China Daily will hold a mobile photo contest named “Amazing China”, only open to foreigners. I know you love photography, so why not give it a try?The contest welcomes submissions about natural scenery, famous places or historical sites, local customs of China and so forth. And every photo should be accompanied with an explanation: time, place, name of the work, and stories behind. Photos edited with Photoshop or any other software will not be accepted. Each participant can turn in three photos at most to Liuying@. Deadline for entries is Oct.15, 2018.For more information, you can refer to China Daily’s official website.Well, I have to go now, for I have tons of homework to do. If you are inte rested, I’m more than happy to be your photography companion.Yours,Li Hua假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。
请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序, 写一篇英文周记, 记录你在上周末爸爸出差期间，为家里拼搭花架的经历。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：花架flower shelf范文：Last weekend, I fixed up a wooden flower shelf for my family when Dad was away on business, which was really a rewarding experience.On Sunday afternoon, I was reading my favorite book when the doorbell rang. It was a package delivered to Mum. After thanking the courier, I helped Mum carry it in. Mum suggested leaving the work to Dad. But I decided to do it myself. Immediately, I opened the package. Inside, there were some wooden boards, iron parts, and an instruction manual. Havingread the manual carefully, I got down to work. With a screwdriver, I fixed the frame first, and then put the boards on it piece by piece. After two hours of hard work, a lovely flower shelf appeared in front of my eyes. Mum and I were both pleased and we started putting potted plants onto it.When Dad came back, hearing it was I who had assembled the flower shelf, he, with a broad smile, gave me a thumbs-up. At that moment, my feeling of content and pride was beyond description.Though I am a busy student, I still can do something for my family.海淀：下面是你的美国朋友Jim给你的一封的邮件。
请给他回一封邮件。
Feb. 16, 2018 Dear Li Hua,Happy Chinese New Year!According to the Chinese zodiac, a baby born this year is a “dog.” So amazing! How many zodiac signs are there in Chinese culture? You know, I was born in the summer of 2000. Could you please tell me what my zodiac sign is? And what does my zodiac mean?Thank you and look forward to your reply.Yours,Jim范文：Dear Jim,Thank you for your New Year greetings, and I’m very happy about your interest in Chinese zodiac.Actually, there are altogether twelve zodiac signs in Chinese culture. As you were born in 2000, the year of dragon, your zodiac sign is “dragon”.Dragon in Chinese culture mainly conveys two meanings. First, it is the symbol of power and nobleness. Second, Chinese dragon delivers the meaning of being outstanding and extraordinary. Parents often put Chinese character “Long”, which means dragon, in kids’ name to show their higher expectations.That’s all about my brief introduction. Hoping it’ll help you have a better understanding of China. If you have any further question, please let me know.Yours,Li Hua假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。
请根据下面四幅图的先后顺序，用英语为校刊写一篇短文，记录今年春节你带奶奶去澳大利亚旅游的经历。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：悉尼Sydney范文：This Spring Festival, I went to Australia for a trip with my beloved grandma. We appreciated the beauty of Sydney and witnessed Chinese elements everywhere.The instant we stepped into the hotel lobby to check in, we were surprised to find it decorated with red Chinese lanterns. And we were greeted with “Happy Chinese New Year”.Our first destination was the world-famous Sydney Opera House, in front of which stood a giant lantern of zodiac dog, reminding visitors of the Chinese New Year. Delighted and excited, Grandma had a photo taken with it. Afterwards, we headed for the University of Sydney. When we were touring the amazing campus, a Chinese calligraphy exhibition caught our sight. How amazing it was to see “Fu” so far away from home！Surprised at the festive atmosphere, I shared some pictures on WeChat wit h the words “C hinese Style Everywhere”. Immediately, I got 60 Likes! We were proud of the increasing influence of China.东城：你的英国朋友Jim最近开始学习中文，感觉有些难，来信希望你能给他一些建议。
请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 中文难学的原因；2. 你的建议及理由；3. 你的祝愿。
注意：1. 词数不少于50。
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。