CISCO产品配置手册
CISCO官方配置手册PBR
This chapter describes the tasks for configuring policy-based routing (PBR) on a router. For complete conceptual information about this feature, see the section “Policy-Based Routing” in the chapter “Classification Overview” in this book. For a complete description of the PBR commands in this chapter, refer to the Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference. To locate documentation of other commands that appear in this chapter, use the command reference master index or search online. To identify the hardware platform or software image information associated with a feature, use the Feature Navigator on to search for information about the feature or refer to the software release notes for a specific release. For more information, see the “Identifying Supported Platforms” section in the “Using Cisco IOS Software” chapter in this book.
CISCO官方配置手册BGP+Link+Bandwidth+
Corporate Headquarters:Cisco Systems, Inc., 170 West Tasman Drive, San Jose, CA 95134-1706USACopyright © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.BGP Link BandwidthThe Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Link Bandwidth feature is used to advertise the bandwidth of an autonomous system exit link as an extended community. This feature is configured for links between directly connected external BGP (eBGP)neighbors.The link bandwidth extended community attribute is propagated to iBGP peers when extended community exchange is enabled. This feature is used with BGP multipath features to configure load balancing over links with unequal bandwidth.History for the BGP Link Bandwidth FeatureFinding Support Information for Platforms and Cisco IOS Software ImagesUse Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco IOS software image support. Access Cisco Feature Navigator at /go/fn . You must have an account on .If you do not have an account or have forgotten your username or password,click Cancel at the login dialog box and follow the instructions that appear.Contents•Prerequisites for BGP Link Bandwidth, page 2•Restrictions for BGP Link Bandwidth, page 2•Information About BGP Link Bandwidth, page 2•How to Configure BGP Link Bandwidth, page 3•Configuration Examples for BGP Link Bandwidth, page 5•Additional References, page 9•Command Reference, page 11Release Modification12.2(2)T This feature was introduced.12.2(14)S This feature was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(14)S.12.2(11)T This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(11)T.12.0(24)SThis feature was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(24)S.BGP Link Bandwidth Prerequisites for BGP Link Bandwidth2Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)SPrerequisites for BGP Link Bandwidth•BGP load balancing or multipath load balancing must be configured before this feature is enabled.•BGP extended community exchange must be enabled between iBGP neighbors to which the link bandwidth attribute is to be advertised.•Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) or distributed CEF (dCEF) must be enabled on all participating routers.Restrictions for BGP Link Bandwidth•This feature can be configured only under IPv4 and VPNv4 address family sessions.•BGP can originate the link bandwidth community only for directly connected links to eBGPneighbors.•Both iBGP and eBGP load balancing are supported in IPv4and VPNv4address families.However, eiBGP load balancing is supported only in VPNv4 address-family.Information About BGP Link BandwidthTo configure the BGP Link Bandwidth feature, you must understand the following concept:•BGP Link Bandwidth Overview, page2•Link Bandwidth Extended Community Attribute, page3•Benefits of the BGP Link Bandwidth Feature, page3BGP Link Bandwidth OverviewThe BGP Link Bandwidth feature used to enable multipath load balancing for external links withunequal bandwidth capacity.This feature is enabled under an IPv4or VPNv4address family sessions byentering the bgp dmzlink-bw command. This feature supports both iBGP, eBGP multipath loadbalancing, and eiBGP multipath load balancing in Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) VirtualPrivate Networks(VPNs).When this feature is enabled,routes learned from directly connected externalneighbor are propagated through the internal BGP (iBGP) network with the bandwidth of the sourceexternal link.The link bandwidth extended community indicates the preference of an autonomous system exit link interms of bandwidth. This extended community is applied to external links between directly connectedeBGP peers by entering the neighbor dmzlink-bw command.The link bandwidth extended communityattribute is propagated to iBGP peers when extended community exchange is enabled with the neighborsend-community command.BGP Link BandwidthHow to Configure BGP Link BandwidthLink Bandwidth Extended Community AttributeThe link bandwidth extended community attribute is a4-byte value that is configured for a link that onthe demilitarized zone (DMZ) interface that connects two single hop eBGP peers. The link bandwidthextended community attribute is used as a traffic sharing value relative to other paths while forwardingtraffic. Two paths are designated as equal for load balancing if the weight, local-pref, as-path length,Multi Exit Discriminator (MED), and Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) costs are the same. Benefits of the BGP Link Bandwidth FeatureThe BGP Link Bandwidth feature allows BGP to be configured to send traffic over multiple iBGP oreBGP learned paths where the traffic that is sent is proportional to the bandwidth of the links that areused to exit the autonomous system.The configuration of this feature can be used with eBGP and iBGPmultipath features to enable unequal cost load balancing over multiple links. Unequal cost loadbalancing over links with unequal bandwidth was not possible in BGP before the BGP Link Bandwidthfeature was introduced.How to Configure BGP Link BandwidthThis section contains the following procedures:•Configuring BGP Link Bandwidth, page3•Verifying BGP Link Bandwidth Configuration, page5Configuring BGP Link BandwidthTo configure the BGP Link Bandwidth feature, perform the steps in this section.SUMMARY STEPS1.enable2.configure {terminal |memory |network}3.router bgp as-number4.address-family ipv4[mdt | multicast |tunnel | unicast[vrf vrf-name] |vrf vrf-name] | ipv6[multicast |unicast] |vpnv4[unicast]5.bgp dmzlink-bw6.neighbor ip-address dmzlink-bw7.neighbor ip-address send-community [both |extended |standard]8.endCisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)S3BGP Link Bandwidth How to Configure BGP Link Bandwidth4Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)SDETAILED STEPSCommand or Action PurposeStep1enableExample:Router> enable Enables higher privilege levels, such as privileged EXEC mode.•Enter your password if prompted.Step2configure {terminal | memory | network}Example:Router# configure terminalEnters global configuration mode.Step3router bgp as-numberExample:Router(config)# router bgp 50000Enters router configuration mode to create or configure a BGP routing process.Step4address-family ipv4[mdt|multicast|tunnel| unicast [vrf vrf-name] | vrf vrf-name] | ipv6[multicast | unicast] | vpnv4 [unicast]Example:Router(config-router)#address-family ipv4Places the router in address family configuration mode.•The BGP Link Bandwidth feature is supported only under the IPv4 and VPNv4 address families.Step5bgp dmzlink-bwExample:Router(config-router-af)#bgp dmzlink-bw Configures BGP to distribute traffic proportionally to the bandwidth of the link.•This command must be entered on each router that contains an external interface that is to be used formultipath load balancing.Step6neighbor ip-address dmzlink-bwExample:Router(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.1.1dmzlink-bw Configures BGP to include the link bandwidth attribute for routes learned from the external interface specified IP address.•This command must be configured for each eBGP link that is to be configured as a multipath. Enabling thiscommand allows the bandwidth of the external link to be propagated through the link bandwidth extendedcommunity.Step7neighbor ip-address send-community [both | extended | standard]Example:Router(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1send-community extended (Optional) Enables community and/or extended community exchange with the specified neighbor.•This command must be configured for iBGP peers to which the link bandwidth extended communityattribute is to be propagated.Step8endExample:Router(config-router-af)#end Exits address family configuration mode,and enters Privileged EXEC mode.BGP Link BandwidthConfiguration Examples for BGP Link Bandwidth5Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)SVerifying BGP Link Bandwidth ConfigurationTo verify the BGP Link Bandwidth feature, perform the steps in this section.SUMMARY STEPS1.enable2.show ip bgp ip-address [longer-prefixes [injected ] |shorter-prefixes [mask-length ]]3.show ip route [[ip-address [mask ] [longer-prefixes ]] | [protocol [process-id ]] | [list access-list-number |access-list-name ] | [static download ]]DETAILED STEPSConfiguration Examples for BGP Link BandwidthThe following examples show how to configure and verify this feature:•BGP Link Bandwidth Configuration Example, page 6•Verifying BGP Link Bandwidth, page 8Command or ActionPurposeStep 1enableExample:Router> enableEnables higher privilege levels, such as privileged EXEC mode.•Enter your password if prompted.Step 2show ip bgp ip-address [longer-prefixes[injected] | shorter-prefixes [mask-length]]Example:Router# show ip bgp 10.0.0.0Displays information about the TCP and BGP connections to neighbors.•The output displays the status of the link bandwidth configuration. The bandwidth of the link is shown in kilobytes.Step 3show ip route [[ip-address [mask][longer-prefixes]] | [protocol [process-id]] |[list access-list-number | access-list-name] |[static download]]Example:Router#show ip route 10.0.0.0Displays the current state of the routing table.•The output displays traffic share values, including the weights of the links that are used to direct traffic proportionally to the bandwidth of each link.BGP Link BandwidthConfiguration Examples for BGP Link Bandwidth6Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)SBGP Link Bandwidth Configuration ExampleIn the following examples,the BGP Link Bandwidth feature is configured so BGP will distribute traffic proportionally to the bandwidth of each external link.Figure 1shows two external autonomous systems connected by three links that each carry a different amount of bandwidth (unequal cost links).Multipath load balancing is enabled and traffic is balanced proportionally.Figure 1BGP Link Bandwidth ConfigurationRouter A ConfigurationIn the following example, Router A is configured to support iBGP multipath load balancing and to exchange the BGP extended community attribute with iBGP neighbors:Router A(config)#router bgp 100Router A(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 remote-as 100Router A(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 update-source Loopback 0Router A(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 remote-as 100Router A(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 update-source Loopback 0Router A(config-router)#address-family ipv4Router A(config-router)#bgp dmzlink-bwRouter A(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 activateRouter A(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 send-community both Router A(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 activateRouter A(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 send-community both Router A(config-router-af)#maximum-paths ibgp 6Autonomous system 100Autonomous system 200Router ARouter Bs1s1s0s1s0s010.10.10.x/24Router CRouter D Router EBandwidth in bits per =50017335000second54705BGP Link BandwidthConfiguration Examples for BGP Link BandwidthRouter B ConfigurationIn the following example, Router B is configured to support multipath load balancing, to distributeRouter D and Router E link traffic proportionally to the bandwidth of each link, and to advertise thebandwidth of these links to iBGP neighbors as an extended community:Router B(config)#router bgp 100Router B(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 remote-as 100Router B(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 update-source Loopback 0Router B(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 remote-as 100Router B(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 update-source Loopback 0Router B(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 remote-as 200Router B(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 ebgp-multihop 1Router B(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 remote-as 200Router B(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 ebgp-multihop 1Router B(config-router)#address-family ipv4Router B(config-router-af)#bgp dmzlink-bwRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 activateRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 next-hop-selfRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 send-community bothRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 activateRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 next-hop-selfRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 send-community bothRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.1.1activateRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 dmzlink-bwRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 activateRouter B(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 dmzlink-bwRouter B(config-router-af)#maximum-paths ibgp 6Router B(config-router-af)#maximum-paths 6Router C ConfigurationIn the following example, Router C is configured to support multipath load balancing and to advertisethe bandwidth of the link with Router E to iBGP neighbors as an extended community:Router C(config)#router bgp 100Router C(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 remote-as 100Router C(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 update-source Loopback 0Router C(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 remote-as 100Router C(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 update-source Loopback 0Router C(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.3.30 remote-as 200Router C(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.3.30 ebgp-multihop 1Router C(config-router)#address-family ipv4Router C(config-router-af)#bgp dmzlink-bwRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 activateRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 send-community bothRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 next-hop-selfRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 activateRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 send-community bothRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.2 next-hop-selfRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.3.3 activateRouter C(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.3.3 dmzlink-bwRouter C(config-router-af)#maximum-paths ibgp 6Router C(config-router-af)#maximum-paths 6Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)S7BGP Link Bandwidth Configuration Examples for BGP Link Bandwidth8Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)SVerifying BGP Link BandwidthThe examples in this section show the verification of this feature on Router A and Router B.Router BIn the following example,the show ip bgp command is entered on Router B to verify that two unequalcost best paths have been installed into the BGP routing table.The bandwidth for each link is displayedwith each route.Router B#show ip bgp 192.168.1.0BGP routing table entry for 192.168.1.0/24, version 48Paths: (2 available, best #2)Multipath: eBGPAdvertised to update-groups:1 2200172.16.1.1 from 172.16.1.2 (192.168.1.1)Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, multipath, bestExtended Community: 0x0:0:0DMZ-Link Bw 278 kbytes200172.16.2.2 from 172.16.2.2 (192.168.1.1)Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, multipath, bestExtended Community: 0x0:0:0DMZ-Link Bw 625 kbytesRouter AIn the following example, the show ip bgp command is entered on Router A to verify that the linkbandwidth extended community has been propagated through the iBGP network to Router A.The outputshows that a route for each exit link (on Router B and Router C) to autonomous system 200 has beeninstalled as a best path in the BGP routing table.Router A#show ip bgp 192.168.1.0BGP routing table entry for 192.168.1.0/24, version 48Paths: (3 available, best #3)Multipath: eBGPAdvertised to update-groups:1 2200172.16.1.1 from 172.16.1.2 (192.168.1.1)Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, multipathExtended Community: 0x0:0:0DMZ-Link Bw 278 kbytes200172.16.2.2 from 172.16.2.2 (192.168.1.1)Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, multipath, bestExtended Community: 0x0:0:0DMZ-Link Bw 625 kbytes200172.16.3.3 from 172.16.3.3 (192.168.1.1)Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, multipath, bestExtended Community: 0x0:0:0DMZ-Link Bw 2500 kbytesBGP Link BandwidthWhere to Go Next9Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)SRouter AIn the following example, the show ip route command is entered on Router A to verify the multipath routes that are advertised and the associated traffic share values:Router A#show ip route 192.168.1.0Routing entry for 192.168.1.0/24Known via "bgp 100", distance 200, metric 0 Tag 200, type internalLast update from 172.168.1.1 00:01:43 ago Routing Descriptor Blocks:* 172.168.1.1, from 172.168.1.1, 00:01:43 ago Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 13 AS Hops 1, BGP network version 0 Route tag 200172.168.2.2, from 172.168.2.2, 00:01:43 ago Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 30 AS Hops 1, BGP network version 0 Route tag 200172.168.3.3, from 172.168.3.3, 00:01:43 agoRoute metric is 0, traffic share count is 120 AS Hops 1, BGP network version 0 Route tag 200Where to Go NextFor information about the BGP Multipath Load Sharing for Both eBGP and iBGP in an MPLS-VPN feature, refer to the following document:/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/120newft/120limit/120s/120s24/s_e ibmpl.htmFor more information about the iBGP Multipath Load Sharing feature,refer to the following document:/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122newft/122t/122t2/ftbgpls.htmAdditional ReferencesThe following sections provide references related to BGP Link Bandwidth feature.Related DocumentsRelated TopicDocument TitleBGP commands:complete command syntax,command mode, command history, defaults, usage guidelines,and examples•Cisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 2 of 4: Routing Protocols,Release 12.3TBGP configuration tasks •Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide,Release 12.3CEF configuration tasks•Cisco IOS Switching Services Configuration Guide , 12.3BGP Link BandwidthAdditional References10Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T, 12.2(14)S, 12.2(11)T, and 12.0(24)SStandardsMIBsRFCsTechnical AssistanceStandardTitleNo new or modified standards are supported by this feature,and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature.—MIBMIBs LinkNo new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified by this feature.To obtain lists of supported MIBs by platform and Cisco IOSrelease,and to download MIB modules,go to the Cisco MIB website on at the following URL:/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtmlRFCTitledraft-ramachandra-bgp-ext-communities-09.txtBGP Extended Communities AttributeDescriptionLinkTechnical Assistance Center (TAC) home page,containing 30,000 pages of searchable technical content, including links to products, technologies,solutions, technical tips, and tools. Registered users can log in from this page to access even more content.TAC Home Page:/public/support/tac/home.shtml BGP Support Page:/cgi-bin/Support/browse/psp_view.pl?p=Inter networking:BGPCommand ReferenceCommand ReferenceThis section documents the new commands.•bgp dmzlink-bw•neighbor dmzlink-bwbgp dmzlink-bw bgp dmzlink-bwTo configure BGP to distribute traffic proportionally over external links with unequal bandwidth whenmultipath load balancing is enabled,use the bgp dmzlink-bw command in address family configurationmode. To disable traffic distribution proportional to the link bandwidth, use the no form of thiscommand.bgp dmzlink-bwno bgp dmzlink-bwSyntax Description This command has no keywords or arguments.Defaults No default behavior or valuesCommand Modes Address family configurationCommand History Usage Guidelines The bgp dmzlink-bw command is used to configure BGP to distribute traffic proportionally to thebandwidth of external links.This command is configured for multipath load balancing between directlyconnected external BGP (eBGP) neighbors. This feature is used with BGP multipath features toconfigure load balancing over links with unequal bandwidth.The neighbor dmzlink-bw command mustalso be configured for each external link through which multipath load balancing is configured toadvertise the link bandwidth as an extended community. The neighbor send-community command isconfigured to exchange the link bandwidth extended community with internal BGP (iBGP) peers.Examples In the following example, the BGP Link Bandwidth feature is configured to allow multipath loadbalancing to distribute link traffic proportionally to the bandwidth of each external link,and to advertisethe bandwidth of these links to iBGP peers as an extended community:Router(config)#router bgp 100Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 remote-as 100Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 update-source Loopback 0Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 remote-as 100Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 update-source Loopback 0Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 remote-as 200Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 ebgp-multihop 1Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 remote-as 200Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 ebgp-multihop 1Router(config-router)#address-family ipv4ReleaseModification 12.2(2)TThis command was introduced.12.2(14)SThis command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(14)S.12.2(11)TThis command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(11)T.12.0(24)S This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(24)S.bgp dmzlink-bw Router(config-router-af)#bgp dmzlink-bwRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 next-hop-selfRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 send-community bothRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 next-hop-selfRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 send-community bothRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.1.1activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 dmzlink-bwRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 dmzlink-bwRouter(config-router-af)#maximum-paths ibgp 6Router(config-router-af)#maximum-paths 6Related Commands Command Descriptionneighbor dmzlink-bw Configures BGP to advertise the bandwidth of links that are used toexit an autonomous system.neighbor send-community Specifies that a communities attribute should be sent to a BGPneighbor.maximum-paths Controls the maximum number of parallel routes an IP routingprotocol can support.maximum-paths eibgp Controls the maximum number of eBGP or iBGP paths that can beconfigured in an MPLS VPN.maximum-paths ibgp Controls the maximum number of parallel iBGP routes that can beinstalled in a routing table.neighbor dmzlink-bw neighbor dmzlink-bwTo configure BGP to advertise the bandwidth of links that are used to exit an autonomous system, usethe neighbor dmzlink-bw command in address family configuration mode. To disable link bandwidthadvertisement, use the no form of this command.neighbor ip-address dmzlink-bwno neighbor ip-address dmzlink-bwSyntax Description Defaults No default behavior or valuesCommand Modes Address family configurationCommand History Usage Guidelines The neighbor dmzlink-bw command is used to configure BGP to advertise the bandwidth of thespecified external interface as an extended community. This command is configured for links betweendirectly connected external BGP (eBGP)neighbors.The link bandwidth extended community attributeis propagated to iBGP peers when extended community exchange is enabled with the neighborsend-community command. This feature is used with BGP multipath features to configure loadbalancing over links with unequal bandwidth. This feature is not enabled until the bgp dmzlink-bwcommand is entered under the address family session for each router that has a directly connectedexternal link.Examples In the following example, the BGP Link Bandwidth feature is configured to allow multipath loadbalancing to distribute link traffic proportionally to the bandwidth of each external link,and to advertisethe bandwidth of these links to iBGP peers as an extended community:Router(config)#router bgp 100Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 remote-as 100Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 update-source Loopback 0Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 remote-as 100Router(config-router)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 update-source Loopback 0Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 remote-as 200Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 ebgp-multihop 1Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 remote-as 200Router(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 ebgp-multihop 1ip-address The IP address that identifies the external interface.ReleaseModification 12.2(2)TThis command was introduced.12.2(14)SThis command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(14)S.12.2(11)TThis command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(11)T.12.0(24)S This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(24)S.neighbor dmzlink-bw Router(config-router)#address-family ipv4Router(config-router-af)#bgp dmzlink-bwRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 next-hop-selfRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.1 send-community bothRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 next-hop-selfRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 10.10.10.3 send-community bothRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.1.1activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.1.1 dmzlink-bwRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 activateRouter(config-router-af)#neighbor 172.16.2.2 dmzlink-bwRouter(config-router-af)#maximum-paths ibgp 6Router(config-router-af)#maximum-paths 6Related Commands Command Descriptionbgp dmzlink-bw Configures BGP to distribute traffic proportionally over external linkswith unequal bandwidth when multipath load balancing is enabled.neighbor send-community Specifies that a communities attribute should be sent to a BGPneighbor.maximum-paths Controls the maximum number of parallel routes an IP routingprotocol can support.maximum-paths eibgp Controls the maximum number of eBGP or iBGP paths that can beconfigured in an MPLS VPN.maximum-paths ibgp Controls the maximum number of parallel iBGP routes that can beinstalled in a routing table.neighbor dmzlink-bwCCSP, CCVP, the Cisco Square Bridge logo, Follow Me Browsing, and StackWise are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work,Live, Play, and Learn, and iQuick Study are service marks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Access Registrar, Aironet, BPX, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP,CCIE, CCIP, CCNA, CCNP, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo, Cisco IOS, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital,the Cisco Systems logo, Cisco Unity, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherFast, EtherSwitch, Fast Step, FormShare, GigaDrive, GigaStack, HomeLink,Internet Quotient, IOS, IP/TV, iQ Expertise, the iQ logo, iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, LightStream, Linksys, MeetingPlace, MGX, the Networkers logo,Networking Academy, Network Registrar, Packet, PIX, Post-Routing, Pre-Routing, ProConnect, RateMUX, ScriptShare, SlideCast, SMARTnet,The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient, and TransPath are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in theUnited States and certain other countries.All other trademarks mentioned in this document or Website are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply apartnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (0601R)Copyright © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.。
Cisco Board 和 Desk 系列用户手册说明书
1所有目录条目都是活动超链接，点击即可打开相应的部分。
要在部分之间移动，请单击侧边栏中的图标。
本指南介绍了 Cisco Board 系列（Board Pro 、Board ）和 Cisco Desk 系列（Desk Pro 、Desk 和 Desk Mini ）在注册到内部服务时的用法。
如果某些功能适用于一个系列或设备，但不适用于全部系列或设备，则会提及适用的系列或设备。
Cisco Board 可用作独立设备，也可通过 Touch10 或Room Navigator 控制。
本手册介绍了如何将 Board 用作独立设备。
如果您将触摸控制器与 Board 搭配使用，请阅读 Cisco Room 系列用户手册中的触摸控制器特性和功能。
注：本用户手册中介绍的部分功能可能在某些市场中是可选的，可能不适用于您的设备。
本指南内容内容简介Cisco Board Pro ...................................................................4Cisco Board .........................................................................5Cisco Desk Pro ....................................................................6Cisco Desk ...........................................................................7Cisco Desk Mini ...................................................................8RoomOS 11：基本导航........................................................9与 Bluetooth® 配对.............................................................10头戴式耳机（Desk 系列、Board Pro ）...............................11用作 USB 摄像机（Desk Pro 、Desk ）................................12使用您的个人凭证登录........................................................13视频呼叫RoomOS 11：呼叫控制......................................................15音频设置.............................................................................16从联系人列表发出呼叫........................................................17呼叫之前编辑联系人............................................................18使用姓名、号码或地址拨出呼叫..........................................19来电....................................................................................20在通话期间收到呼叫............................................................21从呼叫自行断开连接............................................................22将呼叫置于保留状态和恢复保留的呼叫................................23转接正在进行的呼叫............................................................24更改呼叫速率......................................................................25激活免打扰..........................................................................26自动前转所有呼叫...............................................................27在通话期间打开键盘...........................................................28将参加者添加到正在进行的呼叫..........................................29断开会议参加者的连接........................................................30允许参加者加入会议...........................................................31在会议中固定发言人...........................................................32在会议中举手......................................................................33查找最近通话的呼叫详细信息. (34)Cisco 接近Cisco Proximity 超声波信号................................................36内容共享在通话中共享内容...............................................................38在通话中更改屏幕布局........................................................39白板....................................................................................40结束会话以清理设备............................................................41注释共享内容......................................................................42通过邮件发送注释或绘图.....................................................43有线触摸重定向...................................................................44Web 应用程序.....................................................................45预定的会议加入预定会议......................................................................47加入 Webex 会议................................................................48联系方式常用联系人、最近通话和通讯录..........................................50在通话期间将某人添加到常用联系人...................................51在非通话期间将某人添加到常用联系人................................52编辑常用联系人...................................................................53摄像机控制打开和关闭摄像机...............................................................55在通话和非通话中访问和调整本端视频................................56移动本端视频......................................................................57虚拟背景（Desk 系列）......................................................58手动控制摄像机..................................................................59选择自动摄像机模式（Board 系列）..................................60控制远端摄像机. (61)设置控制面板和设备设置............................................................63Cisco Board Pro配备 4K 摄像机、内置麦克风和扬声器以及高分辨率 4K 触摸屏的一体式设备。
Cisco交换机配置手册
2950交换机简明配置维护手册目录说明 (3)产品特性 (3)配置端口 (4)配置一组端口 (4)配置二层端口 (6)配置端口速率及双工模式 (6)端口描述 (7)监控及维护端口 (8)监控端口和控制器的状态 (8)刷新、重置端口及计数器 (10)关闭和打开端口 (10)配置VLAN (11)理解VLAN (11)可支持的VLAN (12)配置正常范围的VLAN (12)生成、修改以太网VLAN (13)删除VLAN (14)将端口分配给一个VLAN (15)配置VLAN Trunks (16)使用STP实现负载均衡 (19)配置Cluster (23)说明本手册只包括日常使用的有关命令及特性，其它未涉及的命令及特性请参考英文的详细配置手册。
产品特性2950是只支持二层的交换机支持VLAN∙到250 个VLAN∙支持VLAN ID从1到4094（IEEE 802.1Q 标准）∙支持ISL及IEEE 802.1Q封装安全∙支持IOS标准的密码保护∙支持标准及扩展的访问列表来定义安全策略∙支持基于VLAN的访问列表监视∙交换机LED指示端口状态∙SPAN及远端SPAN (RSPAN) 可以监视任何端口或VLAN的流量∙内置支持四组的RMON监控功能（历史、统计、告警及事件）配置端口配置一组端口当使用interface range命令时有如下的规则:∙有效的组范围:o vlan从1 到4094o fastethernet槽位/{first port} - {last port}, 槽位为0o gigabitethernet槽位/{first port} - {last port},槽位为0o port-channel port-channel-number - port-channel-number, port-channel号从1到64∙端口号之间需要加入空格，如：interface range fastethernet 0/1 – 5是有效的，而interface range fastethernet 0/1-5是无效的.∙interface range命令只能配置已经存在的interface vlan∙所有在同一组的端口必须是相同类别的。
cisco 思科 Catalyst 9200 系列交换机 产品手册
产品手册思科 Catalyst 9200 系列交换机目录产品概述 (3)特性和优势 (4)软件 (11)许可 (14)规格 (17)保修 (27)订购 (29)Cisco Capital (35)文档历史记录 (35)将基于意图的网络扩展到各种环境思科® Catalyst® 9200 系列交换机将基于意图的网络以及 Catalyst 9000 硬件和软件创新的强大优势扩展到更广泛的部署环境。
Catalyst 9200 系列交换机秉承 Catalyst 产品的一贯传统，不仅安全可靠，而且能够无间断工作并简化 IT，可提供不打折扣的易用性体验。
无论您在基于意图的网络转型过程中处于哪个阶段，Catalyst 9200 系列交换机作为思科全数字化网络架构 (DNA) 的基本组成部分，都可以利用其他供应商无法提供的情报、自动化和专业知识，帮助您简化复杂性、优化 IT 并降低运营成本。
Catalyst 9200 系列交换机具备安全功能，可为硬件、软件和流经交换机的所有数据提供完整性保障。
该系列交换机的恢复能力也同样出色，可确保您的企业无缝地正常运行。
这些功能与思科 IOS XE 的开放式 API 以及 UADP ASIC 技术的可编程性相结合，确保 Catalyst 9200 系列交换机不仅能满足您当前所需，而且能面向未来的科技创新保护您的投资。
Catalyst 9200 系列交换机具有满功率 PoE+ 功能、冗余电源和风扇、最高 160 Gbps 堆叠带宽、模块化上行链路、第 3 层功能支持和冷修补能力，其出众的恢复能力和先进的架构在业界无与伦比，是具有成本效益的分支机构接入解决方案。
产品概述主要产品特性●最多 48 个具有满功率增强型以太网供电(PoE+) 功能的端口●通过现场可更换部件 (FRU) 及冗余电源、风扇和模块化上行链路实现强大的恢复能力●提供灵活的下行链路选项，包括数据、PoE +或 mGig●通过可选背板堆叠实现高效运行，支持最高 160 Gbps 的堆叠带宽●采用 UADP 2.0 Mini 和集成 CPU，可通过更合理的成本结构为客户提供更强大的扩展能力●通过 AES-128 MACsec加密、基于策略的分段和可信赖系统技术提供更出色的安全性●支持第 3 层功能，包括 OSPF、EIGRP、ISIS、RIP 和路由接入●利用Full Flexible NetFlow实现高级网络监控●思科软件定义接入(SD-Access)：◦通过从边缘到云端基于策略的自动化来简化运营和部署，并使用思科身份服务引擎 (ISE) 进行管理◦通过 Cisco DNA Center 提供网络状态感知并缩短解决问题的时间●支持即插即用(PnP)：一种简单、安全、统一的集成功能，有助于轻松部署新的分支机构或园区设备，或对现有网络进行更新●思科 IOS XE：基于通用许可的操作系统，用于企业级思科 Catalyst 9000 产品系列，支持模型驱动的可编程性和流传输遥感勘测●ASIC 具有可编程渲染管线和微引擎功能，并且支持基于模板配置第 2 层和第 3 层转发、访问控制列表(ACL) 和服务质量 (QoS) 条目的分配特性和优势平台详细信息交换机型号和配置思科 Catalyst 9200 系列包括模块化 (C9200) 交换机型号和非模块化 (C9200L) 交换机型号。
CISCO交换机配置手册
CISCO交换机配置手册V1.0作者：乖乖猪目录前言 (4)第一章交换机配置基础 (5)1.1配置方式 (5)第二章交换机基本配置 (6)2.1用户认证 (6)2.1.1特权口令 (6)2.1.2VTY口令 (7)2.2设备名称 (7)2.3SNMP网管串 (7)2.4交换机管理IP (7)2.5综合实验 (7)第三章交换机高级配置 (8)3.1VLAN（虚拟局域网） (8)3.1.1简介 (8)3.1.2命令 (46)3.1.3案例一（VTP方式） (49)3.1.4案例二（VTP方式） (50)3.2STP(生成树协议) (53)3.2.1简介 (53)3.2.2命令 (68)3.2.3案例一(PVST/PVST+ / Rapid -PVST+ 常用) (69)3.2.4案例二（MST VLAN数量大使用） (72)3.2.5案例三（STP 不常用） (74)3.3E THER C HANNEL (77)3.3.1简介 (77)3.3.2命令 (80)3.3.3案例一(强制模式) (81)3.3.4案例二(PAGP模式) (83)3.3.5案例三（LACP模式） (85)3.3.6案例四（交换机与服务器） (86)3.3.7案例五（三层模式） (95)3.4963.4.1简介 (96)3.4.2命令 (97)3.4.3案例一 (98)3.4.4案例二 (113)3.4.5案例三 (117)3.5VRRP (121)3.5.1简介 (121)3.5.2命令 (126)3.5.3案例一 (127)3.5.4案例二 (135)3.6DHCP (136)3.6.1简介 (136)3.6.2命令 (143)3.6.3案例一 (143)3.6.4案例二 (145)3.6.5案例三 (146)3.7VACL(不常用) (148)3.7.1简介 (149)3.7.2命令 (149)3.7.3案例 (151)3.8端口限速 (155)3.8.1简介 (155)3.8.2案例一（三层交换机QOS） (155)3.8.3案例二（三层交换机风暴控制） (157)第四章日常维护 (159)4.1密码恢复 (159)4.1.1CatOS交换机密码恢复 (159)4.1.2CATALYST 2900,3500XL的密码恢复 (161)4.1.3CATALYST 2940,2950L的密码恢复 (162)4.1.4CATALYST 2955的密码恢复 (162)4.1.5CATALYST 3550,3560,3750的密码恢复 (164)4.1.6CATALYST 6500密码恢复 (165)4.2ISO备份升级 (174)4.2.1TFTP方式 (174)4.2.2Xmodem方式 (176)4.3端口镜像 (178)4.3.1简介 (178)4.3.2命令 (179)4.3.3案例 (182)4.4交换机堆叠 (190)4.4.1简介 (190)4.4.2命令 (194)4.4.3案例一(3750) (196)第五章专业术语解释 (201)5.1冲突域、广播域 (201)5.2CSMA/CD (202)5.3交换机的几种主要技术参数详解和计算 (203)5.4POE (210)前言本手册是作者多年学习整理汇编而成，主要目的是方便大家设备调试使用。
思科交换机基本配置手册
17. 在基于IOS的交换机上修改STP时钟:
switch(config)# spanning-tree [vlan vlan-list] hello-time seconds
switch(vlan)# exit
switch# configure teriminal
switch(config)# interface interface module/number
switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan vlan-num
switch(vlan)# vtp domain domain-name
在基于CLI的交换机上配置VTP管理域:
switch(enable) set vtp [domain domain-name]
11.在基于IOS的交换机上配置VTP 模式:
switch# vlan database
22. 用show vtp domain 显示管理域的VTP参数.
23. 用show vtp statistics显示管理域的VTP参数.
24. 在Catalyst交换机上定义TrBRF的命令如下:
switch(enable) set vlan vlan-name [name name] type trbrf bridge bridge-num[stp {ieee|ibm}]
4.在基于IOS的交换机上启用和浏览CDP信息:
思科Cisco交换机配置手册配置教程
配置接口特性这一章详细说明交换机上的接口和描述怎么配置他们。
这章有以下这些内容：●理解接口类型●使用接口命令●配置二层接口●监控和维护第二层接口●配置第三从接口注意：需要完整的有关该章的语法和应用信息，请参考Catalyst 3550 Multilayer Switch Command Reference和Cisco IOS Interface Command Referencefor Release 12.1.理解接口类型这个部分描述了不同的接口类型，以及其它章节所包括的详细配置这些接口的一些参考内容。
其他章节描述了物理接口特性的配置过程。
这部分包括：•基于端口的VLAN （Port-Based VLANs）•交换端口（Switch Ports）•以太网通道端口组（EtherChannel Port Groups）•交换虚拟接口（Switch Virtual Interfaces）•被路由端口（Routed Ports）•连接接口（Connecting Interfaces）基于端口的VLAN （Port-based Vlans）一个Vlan是一个按功能、组、或者应用被逻辑分段的交换网络，并不考虑使用者的物理位置。
要更多关于Vlan的信息请看“Configuring VLANS”。
一个端口上接受到的包被发往属于同一个Vlan的接收端口。
没有一个第三层的设备路由Vlan间的流量，不同Vlan的网络设备无法通讯。
为了配置普通范围（Normal-range） Vlan（Vlan IDs 1-1005），使用命令：config-vlan模式(global) vlan vlan-id或vlan-configuration模式(exec) vlan database针对Vlan ID 1-1005的vlan-configration模式被保存在vlan数据库中。
为配置扩展范围（extended-range） Vlans （Vlan ID 1006-4094），你必须使用config-vlan模式，并把VTP的模式设为transparent透明模式。
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CISCO路由器产品配置手册第一章路由器配置基础.........................一、基本设置方式..........................二、命令状态 (3)三、设置对话过程..........................四、常用命令..............................五、配置IP寻址...........................六、配置静态路由..........................第二章广域网协议设置.........................一、HDLC ..................................PPP ...................... 错误!未定义书签。
..........................................Frame Relay ...............................ISDN ......................................PSTN ......................................第三章路由协议设置...........................RIP协议 ..................................IGRP协议 .................................OSPF协议 .................................重新分配路由..............................IPX协议设置 .............................. 第四章服务质量及访问控制.....................协议优先级设置............................队列定制..................................访问控制.................................. 第五章虚拟局域网（VLAN）路由.................虚拟局域网(VLAN) ..........................交换机间链路（ISL）协议...................虚拟局域网（VLAN）路由实例错误!未定义书签。
参考：........................................Cisco路由器口令恢复 ......................２、IP地址分配 ...........................第一章路由器配置基础一、基本设置方式一般来说，可以用5种方式来设置路由器：1.Console口接终端或运行终端仿真软件的微机；2.AUX口接MODEM，通过电话线与远方的终端或运行终端仿真软件的微机相连；3.通过Ethernet上的TFTP服务器；4.通过Ethernet上的TELNET程序；5.通过Ethernet上的SNMP网管工作站。
但路由器的第一次设置必须通过第一种方式进行,此时终端的硬件设置如下: 波特率：9600数据位：8停止位：1奇偶校验: 无二、命令状态1.router>路由器处于用户命令状态，这时用户可以看路由器的连接状态，访问其它网络和主机，但不能看到和更改路由器的设置内容。
2.router#在router>提示符下键入enable,路由器进入特权命令状态router#，这时不但可以执行所有的用户命令，还可以看到和更改路由器的设置内容。
3.router(config)#在router#提示符下键入configure terminal,出现提示符router(config)#，此时路由器处于全局设置状态，这时可以设置路由器的全局参数。
4.router(config-if)#;router(config-line)#;router(config-router)#;…路由器处于局部设置状态，这时可以设置路由器某个局部的参数。
5.>路由器处于RXBOOT状态，在开机后60秒内按ctrl-break可进入此状态，这时路由器不能完成正常的功能，只能进行软件升级和手工引导。
6.设置对话状态这是一台新路由器开机时自动进入的状态，在特权命令状态使用SETUP命令也可进入此状态，这时可通过对话方式对路由器进行设置。
三、设置对话过程利用设置对话过程可以避免手工输入命令的烦琐，但它还不能完全代替手工设置，一些特殊的设置还必须通过手工输入的方式完成。
进入设置对话过程后，路由器首先会显示一些提示信息：--- System Configuration Dialog ---At any point you may enter a question mark '' for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.这是告诉你在设置对话过程中的任何地方都可以键入“”得到系统的帮助，按ctrl-c可以退出设置过程，缺省设置将显示在‘[]’中。
然后路由器会问是否进入设置对话：Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog [yes]:如果按y或回车，路由器就会进入设置对话过程。
首先你可以看到各端口当前的状况：First, would you like to see the current interface summary [yes]:Any interface listed with OK value "NO" does not have a valid configurationInter faceIP-AddressOKMethodStatusProtocolEther net0unassignedNOunsetupupSeria l0unassignedNOunsetupup……………………………然后，路由器就开始全局参数的设置：Configuring global parameters:1．设置路由器名：Enter host name [Router]:2．设置进入特权状态的密文(secret)，此密文在设置以后不会以明文方式显示：The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret usedinstead of the enable password when it exists.Enter enable secret: cisco3．设置进入特权状态的密码(password)，此密码只在没有密文时起作用，并且在设置以后会以明文方式显示：The enable password is used when there is no enable secretand when using older software and some boot images.Enter enable password: pass4．设置虚拟终端访问时的密码：Enter virtual terminal password: cisco5．询问是否要设置路由器支持的各种网络协议：Configure SNMP Network Management [yes]:Configure DECnet [no]:Configure AppleTalk [no]:Configure IPX [no]:Configure IP [yes]:Configure IGRP routing [yes]:Configure RIP routing [no]:………6．如果配置的是拨号访问服务器，系统还会设置异步口的参数： Configure Async lines [yes]:1)设置线路的最高速度：Async line speed [9600]:2)是否使用硬件流控：Configure for HW flow control [yes]:3)是否设置modem：Configure for modems [yes/no]: yes4)是否使用默认的modem命令：Configure for default chat script [yes]:5)是否设置异步口的PPP参数：Configure for Dial-in IP SLIP/PPP access [no]: yes6)是否使用动态IP地址：Configure for Dynamic IP addresses [yes]:7)是否使用缺省IP地址：Configure Default IP addresses [no]: yes8)是否使用TCP头压缩：Configure for TCP Header Compression [yes]:9)是否在异步口上使用路由表更新：Configure for routing updates on async links [no]: y 10)是否设置异步口上的其它协议。
接下来，系统会对每个接口进行参数的设置。
1．Configuring interface Ethernet0:1)是否使用此接口：Is this interface in use [yes]:2)是否设置此接口的IP参数：Configure IP on this interface [yes]:3)设置接口的IP地址：IP address for this interface:4)设置接口的IP子网掩码：Number of bits in subnet field [0]:在设置完所有接口的参数后，系统会把整个设置对话过程的结果显示出来：The following configuration command script was created:hostname Routerenable secret 5 $1$W5Oh$p6J7tIgRMBOIKVXVG53Uh1enable password pass…………请注意在enable secret后面显示的是乱码，而enable password后面显示的是设置的内容。
显示结束后，系统会问是否使用这个设置：Use this configuration [yes/no]: yes如果回答yes，系统就会把设置的结果存入路由器的NVRAM中，然后结束设置对话过程，使路由器开始正常的工作。