(完整)软件工程专业英语
软件工程-名词解释
软件工程-名词解释软件工程（Software Engineering）指的是应用工程原理、方法和工具来开发、维护和管理软件的学科和实践。
它涵盖了软件开发全生命周期的各个阶段，包括需求分析、设计、编码、测试、部署和维护等。
1. 需求分析（Requirements Analysis）需求分析是软件工程中的第一步，旨在确定用户和系统对软件的功能和性能需求。
通过与用户沟通和研究用户需求，需求分析师将需求转化为软件规范，明确软件需要实现的功能和目标。
2. 设计（Design）设计阶段是将需求规范转化为软件架构和设计方案的过程。
设计时需要考虑软件的模块化、可重用性、可维护性和性能等要求。
常用的设计方法有结构化设计、面向对象设计和组件化设计等。
3. 编码（Coding）编码是将设计好的软件模块具体实现的过程。
开发人员使用编程语言将设计文档中的算法和逻辑转化为可执行的代码。
编码期间需要遵循编码规范和标准，确保代码的可读性和可维护性。
4. 测试（Testing）测试是确保软件质量的重要环节。
在测试阶段，软件工程师使用各种测试方法和工具，检查软件是否满足预期的功能和性能需求，并发现和修复潜在的错误和缺陷。
5. 部署（Deployment）部署是将软件交付给用户并在实际环境中运行的过程。
在部署阶段，软件工程师需要进行安装、配置和集成等操作，确保软件在用户系统中的正确运行。
6. 维护（Maintenance）软件维护是对软件进行修改、优化和调试的过程。
维护工作包括纠正错误、增加新功能、改善性能以及适应新的硬件和操作系统等。
7. 迭代开发（Iterative Development）迭代开发是一种软件开发方法，通过将整个软件开发过程划分为多个迭代周期，每个周期都包含需求分析、设计、编码、测试和部署等阶段。
每个迭代周期都能够产生一个可运行的软件产品，同时还可以根据用户的反馈和需求变化进行调整和优化。
8. 敏捷开发（Agile Development）敏捷开发是一种以人员协作、迭代和快速响应变化为核心的软件开发方法。
计算机专业英语单词
计算机专业英语单词计算机专业英语单词计算机专业英语词汇指与计算机硬件、软件、网络等多方面有关的英语词汇，主要包括硬件基础、计算机系统维护、计算机网络基础、软件、程序设计语言、计算机网络技术、IT职场英语等词汇。
下面为大家带来计算机专业英语单词，快来看看吧。
计算机专业英语单词1-10 第一单元Processor 处理机Primary storage 主存储器 bit 位hearsay 传说CPU 中英处理器control unit 控制部件arithmetic and logic unit 算术逻辑部件 integral parts 不可缺的部件 tape and disk磁带和磁盘DRAM动态随机存储器 SRAM静态随机存储器 Register 寄存器a state of the art 目前工艺水平 chip 芯片VDT 视频显示终端secondary storage 辅助存储器at a premium非常珍贵reallocate 重新分配capacity 容量coaxial cable 同轴电缆program and data 程序和数据 instruction 指令location 单元RAM随机存取存储器 Hardwired 硬连线EPROM可擦可编程只读存储器 Cache 高速缓存Throughput 吞吐量read-mostly 以读为主EEPROM电可擦编程ROM Nonvolatility 非易失性Updatable 可修改的 in place 在适当的地方 semiconductor 半导体 flash memory 闪存functionality 功能byte-level 字节级be referred to as 称作 virtually 事实上house 存放expansion 扩充peripheral 外围的slot 插槽power supply 电源 system board 系统板 storage bay 存储机架floppy 软盘第二单元optical laser disk 光盘 laser beam激光束 score 刻痕microscopic pit 微小的凹点 light-sensitive 光敏感的 deflect 偏转access arm存取臂 inviting 令人心动的 fluctuation 波动 emerge 显现stabilize 稳定gigabyte 千兆字节 cd 光盘magneto-optical disk 磁光盘 entrepreneur 企业家video 视频的拓展阅读：A(Active-matrix)主动矩阵(Adapter cards)适配卡(Advanced application)高级应用(Analytical graph)分析图表(Analyze)分析(Animations)动画(Application software) 应用软件(Arithmetic operations)算术运算(Audio-output device)音频输出设备(Access time)存取时间(access)存取(accuracy)准确性(ad network cookies)广告网络信息记录软件(administrator)管理员(Add-ons)插件(Address)地址(Agents)代理(Analog signals)模拟信号(Applets)程序(Asynchronous communications port)异步通信端口(Attachment)附件AGP(accelerated graphics port)加速图形接口ALU (arithmetic-logic unit)算术逻辑单元AAT(Average Access Time) 平均存取时间ACL(Access Control Lists)访问控制表ACK(acknowledgement character)确认字符ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)高级配置和电源接口ADC(Analog to Digital Converter)模数转换器ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)非对称用户数字线路ADT(Abstract Data Type)抽象数据类型AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port)图形加速端口AI(Artif icial Intelligence)人工智能AIFF(Audio Image File Format)声音图像文件格式ALU(Arithmetic Logical Unit) 算术逻辑单元AM(Amplitude Modulation)调幅ANN(Artificial Neural Network)人工神经网络ANSI(American National Standard Institute)美国国家标准协会API(Application Programming Interface)应用程序设计接口APPN(Advanced Peer-to-Peer Network)高级对等网络ARP(Address Resolution Protocol)地址分辨/ 转换协议ARPG(Action Role Playing Game)动作角色扮演游戏ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)美国信息交换标准代码ASP(Active Server Page)活动服务器网页ASP(Application Service Provider)应用服务提供商AST(Average Seek Time)平均访问时间ATM(asynchronous transfer mode)异步传输模式ATR (Automatic Target Recognition) 自动目标识别AVI (Audio Video Interleaved)声音视频接口B(Bar code)条形码(Bar code reader)条形码读卡器(Basic application)基础程序(Binary coding schemes)二进制编码方案(Binary system)二进制系统(Bit)比特(Browser)浏览器(Bus line)总线(Backup tape cartridge units)备份磁带盒单元(Bandwidth)带宽(Bluetooth)蓝牙(Broadband)宽带(Bus)总线B2B(Busines s to Business)商业机构对商业机构的电子商务B2C(Business to Consumer)商业机构对消费者的电子商务BBS(bulletin board system)电子公告牌系统BER(Bit Error Rate)误码率BFS (Breadth First Search) 广度优先搜索BGP(Border Gateway Protocol)边缘网关协议BIOS(basic input/output system)基本输入输出系统BISDN(Broadband- Integrated Services Digital Network)宽带综合业务数字网BLU(Basic Link Unit)基本链路单元BOF(Beginning Of File)文件开头BPS(Bits Per Second)每秒比特数BRI(Basic Rate Interface)基本速率接口BSP(Byte Stream Protocol)字节流协议BSS(Broadband Switching System)宽带交换系统C(Cables)连线(Cell)单元箱(Chain printer)链式打印机(Character and recognition device)字符标识识别设备(Chart)图表(Chassis)支架(Chip)芯片(Clarity)清晰度(Closed architecture)封闭式体系结构(Column)列(Combination key)结合键(computer competency)计算机能力(connectivity)连接，结点(Continuous-speech recognition system)连续语言识别系统(Control unit)操纵单元(Cordless or wireless mouse)无线鼠标(Cable modems)有线调制解调器(Channel)信道(Chat group)谈话群组(Client)客户端(Coaxial cable)同轴电缆(cold site)冷网站(Commerce servers)商业服务器(Communication channel)信道(Communication systems)信息系统CD(Compact disc)光盘(computer abuse amendments act of 19941994)计算机滥用法案(computer crime)计算机犯罪(computer ethics)计算机道德(computer fraud and abuse act of 1986)计算机欺诈和滥用法案(computer matching and privacy protection act of 1988)计算机查找和隐私保护法案(Computer network)计算机网络(computer support specialist)计算机支持专家(computer technician)计算机技术人员(computer trainer)计算机教师(Connection device)连接设备(Connectivity)连接(cookies-cutter programs)信息记录截取程序(cookies)信息记录程序(cracker)解密高手(Cyber cash)电子货币(Cyberspace)计算机空间(chart)图表(closed architecture )封闭式体系结构C2C(Consumer-to-consumer)个人对个人CPU (central processing unit)中央处理器CISC (complex instruction set computer)复杂指令集计算机CRT( cathode-ray tube)阴极射线管AD(Computer Aided Design)计算机辅助设计CAE(Computer-Aided Engineering)计算机辅助工程CAI(Computer Aided Instruction)计算机辅助教学CAM(Computer Aided Manufacturing)计算机辅助管理CASE(Computer Assisted Software Engineering)计算机辅助软件工程CAT(Computer Aided Test)计算机辅助测试CATV(Community Antenna Television)有线电视CB(control bus)控制总线CCP(Communication Control Procrssor)通信控制处理机CD(Compact Disc)压缩光盘，只读光盘CD-R(Compact Disc-Recordable)可录光盘，只写一次的光盘CDFS(Compact Disk File System)密集磁盘文件系统CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)码分多路访问CD-MO(Compact Disc-Magneto Optical)磁光式光盘CD-ROM(compact disc read-only memory)只读光盘CD-RW(compact disc rewritable)可读写光盘CGA(Color Graphics Adapter)彩色显示器CGI(common gateway interface)公共网关接口CI(Computational Intelligence)计算智能CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computer) 复杂指令集计算机CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)互补金属氧化物半导体存储器COM(Component object model)组件对象模型CORBA(Common Object Request Broker Architecture)公共对象请求代理结构CPU(central proces sing unit)中央处理单元CRC(cyclical redundancy check)循环冗余校验码CRM(Client Relation Management)客户关系管理CRT(Cathode-Ray Tube)阴极射线管,显示器CSMA(Carrier Sense Multi -Access)载波侦听多路访问CSU(Channel Service Unit)信道服务单元CU(Control Unit)控制单元DDB(Database)数据库(database files)数据库文件(Database manager)数据库管理DBMS(Database manager system)数据库管理系统(Data bus)数据总线(Data projector)数码放映机(Desktop system unit)台式电脑系统单元(Destination file)目标文件(Digital cameras)数码照相机(Digital notebooks)数字笔记本(Digital video camera)数码摄影机(Discrete-speech recognition system)不连续语言识别系统(Document)文档(document files)文档文件(Dot-matrix printer)点矩阵式打印机(Dual-scan monitor)双向扫描显示器(Dumb terminal)非智能终端(data security)数据安全(Data transmission specifications)数据传输说明(database administrator)数据库管理员(Data play)数字播放器(Demodulation)解调(denial of service attack)拒绝服务攻击(Dial-up service)拨号服务(Digital cash)数字现金(Digital signals)数字信号(Digital subscriber line)数字用户线路(Digital versatile disc)数字化通用磁盘(Digital video disc)数字化视频光盘(Direct access)直接存取(Directory search)目录搜索(disaster recovery plan)灾难恢复计划(Disk caching)磁盘驱动器高速缓存(Diskette)磁盘(Disk)磁碟(Distributed data processing system)分部数据处理系统(Distributed processing)分布处理(Domain code)域代码(Downloading)下载DVD(Digital Versatile Disc)数字多功能光盘DVD-R(DVD-Recordable)可写DVDDVD-RAM(DVD- Random Access Memory)DVD随机存取器DNS(Domain name system)域名服务器DAC(Digital to Analogue Converter)数模转换器DAO(Data Access Object)数据访问对象DAP(Directory Acces s Protocol)目录访问协议DBMS(Database Management System)数据库管理系统DCE(data communication equipment)数据通信设备DCE(Distributed Computing Environment)分布式计算环境DCOM(Distributed COM)分布式组件对象模型DDB(Distributed DataBase)分布式数据库DDE(Dynamic Data Exchange)动态数据交换DDI(Device Driver Interface)设备驱动程序接口DDK(Driver Development Kit)驱动程序开发工具包DDN(Data Digital Network)数据数字网DEC(Digital Equipment Corporation)数字设备公司DES(Data Encryption Standard)数据加密标准DFS(Depth First Search) 深度优先搜索DFS(Distributed File System)分布式文件系统DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)动态主机配置协议DIB(Dual Independent Bus)双独立总线DIC(Digital Image Control)数字图像控制DLC(Data Link Control)数据链路控制DLL(Dynamic Link Library)动态链接库DLT(Data Link Terminal)数据链路终端DMA(Direct Memory Access)直接内存访问DMSP(Distributed Mail System Protocol)分布式电子邮件系统协议DNS(Domain Name System)域名系统DOM(Document Object Mode)文档对象模型DOS(Disk Operation System)磁盘操作系统DQDB(Distributed Queue Dual Bus)分布式队列双总线DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory)动态随机存取存储器DSD(Direct Stream Digital)直接数字信号流DSL(Digital Subscriber Line)数字用户线路DSM(Distributed Shared Memory)分布式共享内存DSP(Digital Signal Processing)数字信号处理DTE(Data Terminal Equipment)数据终端设备DVD(Digital Versatile Disc)数字多功能盘DVD-ROM(DVD-Read Only Memory)计算机用只读光盘DVI(Digital Video Interactive)数字视频交互E(e-book)电子阅读器(Expansion cards)扩展卡(end user)终端用户(e-cash)电子现金(e-commerce)电子商务(electronic cash)电子现金(electronic commerce)电子商务(electronic communications privacy act of1986)电子通信隐私法案(encrypting)加密术(energy star)能源之星(Enterprise computing)企业计算化(environment)环境(Erasable optical disks)可擦除式光盘(ergonomics)人类工程学(ethics)道德规范(External modem)外置调制解调器(extranet)企业外部网EC(Embedded Controller)嵌入式控制器EDIF(Electronic Data Interchange Format)电子数据交换格式EEPROM(Erasable and Electrically Programmable ROM)电擦除可编程只读存储器EGA(Enhanced Graphics Adapter)彩色显示器,分辨率为640×350 ,可以显示 16 种颜色EGP(External Gateway Protocol)外部网关协议EISA(Extended Industry Standard Architecture)增强工业标准结构EMS(Expanded Memory Specification)扩充存储器规范EPH(Electronic payment Handler)电子支付处理系统EPROM(Erasable Programmable ROM)可擦除可编程只读存储器ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning)企业资源计划ETM(ExTended Memory)扩展存储器F(Fax machine)传真机(Field)域(Find)搜索(FireWire port)火线端口(Firmware)固件(Flash RAM)闪存(Flatbed scanner)台式扫描器(Flat-panel monitor)纯平显示器(floppy disk)软盘(Formatting toolbar)格式化工具条(Formula)公式(Forum)论坛(Function)函数(fair credit reporting act of 1970)公平信用报告法案(Fiber-optic cable)光纤电缆(File compression)文件压缩(File decompression)文件解压缩(filter)过滤(firewall)防火墙(firewall)防火墙(Fixed disk)固定硬盘(Flash memory)闪存(Flexible disk)可折叠磁盘(Floppies)磁盘(Floppy-disk cartridge)磁盘盒(Formatting)格式化(freedom of information act of 1970)信息自由法案(frequency)频率(frustrated)受挫折(Full-duplex communication)全双通通信FAT(File Allocation Table)文件分配表FCB(File Control Block)文件控制块FCFS(First Come First Service)先到先服务FCS(Frame Check Sequence)帧校验序列FDD(Floppy Disk Device)软盘驱动器FDDI(Fiber-optic Data Distribution Inter face)光纤数据分布接口FDM(Frequency-Division Multiplexing)频分多路FDMA(Frequency Division Multiple Address)频分多址FEC(Forward Error Correction) 前向纠错FEK(File Encryption Key)文件密钥FEP(Front Ef fect Processor)前端处理机FET(Field Effect Transistor)场效应晶体管FIFO(First In First Out)先进先出FM(Frequency Modulation)频率调制FPU(Float Point Unit)浮点部件FRC(Frame Rate Control)帧频控制FTAM(File Transfer Access and Management)文件传输访问和管理FTP(File Transfer Protocol)文件传输协议G(General-purpose application)通用运用程序(Gigahertz)千兆赫(Graphic tablet)绘图板(green pc)绿色个人计算机(Group by) 排序GAL(General Array Logic)通用逻辑阵列GCR(Group-Coded Recording)成组编码记录GDI(Graphics Device Interface)图形设备接口GIF(Graphics Interchange Format)一种图片文件格式,图形转换格式GIS(Geographic Information System)地理信息系统GPI(Graphical Programming Interface)图形编程接口GPIB(General Purpose Interface Bus)通用接口总线GPS(Global Positioning System)全球定位系统GSX(Graphics System Extension)图形系统扩展GUI(Graphical User Interface)图形用户接口H(handheld computer)手提电脑(Hard copy)硬拷贝(hard disk)硬盘(hardware)硬件(Help)帮助(Host computer)主机(Home page)主页(Hyperlink)超链接(hacker)黑客(Half-duplex communication)半双通通信(Hard-disk cartridge)硬盘盒(Hard-disk pack)硬盘组(Head crash)磁头碰撞(header)标题(help desk specialist)帮助办公专家(helper applications)帮助软件(Hierarchical network)层次型网络(history file)历史文件(hits)匹配记录(horizontal portal)横向用户(hot site)热网站(Hybrid network)混合网络HPSB (high performance serial bus)高性能串行总线HDTV(high-definition television)高清晰度电视HDC(Hard Disk Control)硬盘控制器HDD(Hard Disk Drive)硬盘驱动器HDLC(High-level Data Link Control)高级数据链路控制HEX(HEXadecimal)十六进制HPFS(High Performance File System)高性能文件系统HPSB(High Performance Serial Bus)高性能串行总线HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language)超文本标记语言HTTP(Hyper Text Transport Protocol)超文本传输协议I(Image capturing device)图像获取设备IT(information technology)信息技术(Ink-jet printer)墨水喷射印刷机(Integrated package)综合性组件(Intelligent termina)l智能终端设备(Intergrated circuit)集成电路(implements )实现接口(Interface cards)接口卡(Internal modem)内部调制解调器(internet telephony)网络电话(internet terminal)互联网终端(Identification)识别(i-drive)网络硬盘驱动器(illusion of anonymity)匿名幻想(index search)索引搜索(information pushers)信息推送器(initializing )初始化(instant messaging)计时信息(internal hard disk)内置硬盘(Internet hard drive) 网络硬盘驱动器(intranet)企业内部网ISA (industry standard architecture)工业标准结构体系IRC(internet relay chat)互联网多线交谈IAC(Inter-Application Communications)应用间通信IC(Integrated Circuit)集成电路ICMP(Internet Control Mes sage Protocol)因特网控制消息协议ICP(Internet Content Provider)因特网内容服务提供商,是 ISP中提供信息服务的一种机构IDC(International Development Center)国际开发中心IDE(Integrated Development Environment)集成开发环境IDL(Interface Definition Language)接口定义语言IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering)电子电器工程师协会IGP(Interior Gateway Protocol)内部网关协议IIS(Internet Information Service)因特网信息服务IP(Internet Protocol)因特网协议IPC(Inter-Process Communication)进程间通信IPSE(Integrated Project Support Environments)集成工程支持环境IPX(Internet Packer Exchitecture)互联网报文分组交换ISA(Industry Standard Architecture)工业标准结构,是 IBM PC/ XT总线标准ISDN(Integrated Service Digital Network)综合业务数字网ISO(International Standard Organization)国际标准化组织ISP(Internet Service Provider)因特网服务提供者ITU(International Telecom Union)国际电信联盟J(joystick)操纵杆JDBC(Java Database Connectivity) J ava数据库互联JPEG(Joint Photographic Experts Group)联合图片专家组JSP(Java Server Page) Java 服务器页面技术JVM(Java Virtual Machine)Java虚拟机K(keyword search)关键字搜索KB(Kilobyte)千字节KBPS(Kilobits Per Second)每秒千比特KMS(Knowledge Management System)知识管理系统L(laser printer)激光打印机(Layout files)版式文件(Light pen)光笔(Locate)定位(Logical operations)逻辑运算(Lands)凸面(Line of sight communication)视影通信(Low bandwidth)低带宽(lurking)潜伏LCD (liquid crystal display monitor)液晶显示器LAN(Local Area Network)局域网LBA(Logical Block Addressing)逻辑块寻址LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)液晶显示器LDT(Logic Design Translator)逻辑设计翻译程序LED(Light Emitting Diode)发光二极管LIFO(Last In First Out)后进先出LP(Linear Programming)线性规划LPC(Local Procedure Call)局部过程调用LSIC(Large Scale Integration Circuit)大规模集成电路M(Main board)主板(Mark sensing)标志检测(Mechanical mouse)机械鼠标(Memory)内存(Menu)菜单(Menu bar)菜单栏(Microprocessor)微处理器(Microseconds)微秒(Modem card)调制解调器(Monitor)显示器(Motherboard)主板(Mouse) 鼠标(Multifunctional device)多功能设备(Magnetic tape reels)磁带卷(Magnetic tape streamers)磁带条(mailing list)邮件列表(Medium band)媒质带宽(metasearch engine)整合搜索引擎(Microwave)微波(Modem)解调器(Modulation)解调MAN(Metropolitan area network)城域网MICR(magnetic-ink character recognition)磁墨水字符识别器MAC(Medium Access Control)介质访问控制MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)城域网MBR(Master Boot Record)主引导记录MC(Memory Card)存储卡片MCA(Micro Channel Architecture)微通道结构MDA(Monochrome Display Adapter)单色显示适配卡MFM(Modified Frequency Modulation)改进调频制MIB(Management Information Bass)管理信息库MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) 乐器数字接口MIMD(Multiple Instruction Stream,Multiple Data Stream)多指令流,多数据流MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second)每秒百万条指令MIS(Management Information System)管理信息系统MISD(Multiple Instruction Stream,Single Data Stream)多指令流,单数据流MMDS(Multi-channel Multipoint Distribution Service)多波段多点分发服务器MMU(Memory Management Unit)内存管理单元MPC(Multimedia PC)多媒体计算机MPEG(Moving Picture Expert Group) 一种视频和音频的.国际标准格式MPLS(Multi-Protocol Label Switching)多协议标记交换MPS(Micro Processor System)微处理器系列MTBF(Mean Time Between Failures)平均故障间隔时间MUD(Multiple User Dimension)多用户空间N(Net PC)网络计算机(Network adapter card)网卡(Network personal computer)网络个人电脑(Network terminal)网络终端(Notebook computer)笔记本电脑(Notebook system unit)笔记本系统单元(Numeric entry)数字输入(national information infrastructure protection act of1996)国际信息保护法案(national service provider)全国性服务供应商(Network architecture)网络体系结构(Network bridge)网桥(Network gateway)网关(network manager)网络管理员(newsgroup)新闻组(no electronic theft act of1997)无电子盗窃法(Node)节点(Nonvolatile storage)非易失性存储NOS(Network operation system)网络操作系统NAOC(No-Account Over Clock)无效超频NAT(Network Address Translation) 网络地址转换NC(Network Computer)网络计算机NDIS(Network Device Interface Speci fication)网络设备接口规范NCM(Neural Cognitive Maps)神经元认知图NFS(Network File System)网络文件系统NIS(Network Information Services)网络信息服务NNTP(Network News Transfer Protocol)网络新闻传输协议NOC(Network Operations Center) 网络操作中心NSP(Name Server Protocol)名字服务器协议NTP(Network Time Protocol)网络时间协议NUI(network user identification)网络用户标识O(Object embedding)对象嵌入(Object linking)目标链接(Open architecture)开放式体系结构OS(Operation System)操作系统(Optical disk)光盘(Optical mouse)光电鼠标(Optical scanner)光电扫描仪(Outline)大纲(off-line browsers)离线浏览器(Online storage)联机存储OLE (object linking and embedding)对象链接入OCR(optical-character recognition)字符识别器OMR(optical-mark recognition)光标阅读器OA(Of f ice Automation)办公自动化OCR(Optical Character Recognition)光学字符识别ODBC(Open Database Connectivity)开放式数据库互联ODI(Open Data- link Interface)开放式数据链路接口OEM(Original Equipment Manufactures)原始设备制造厂家OLE(Object Linking and Embedding)对象链接与嵌入OMG(Object Management Group)对象管理组织OMR(Optical-Mark Recognition)光标阅读器OOM(Object Oriented Method)面向对象方法OOP(Object Oriented Programming)面向对象程序设计ORB(Object Request Broker)对象请求代理OS(Operating System)操作系统OSI(Open System Interconnect Reference Model)开放式系统互联参考模型OSPF(Open Shortest Path First)开发最短路径优先P(palmtop computer)掌上电脑(Parallel ports)并行端口(Passive-matrix)被动矩阵(PC card)个人计算机卡(Personal laser printer)个人激光打印机(Personal video recorder card)个人视频记录卡(Photo printer)照片打印机(Pixel)像素(Platform scanner)平版式扫描仪(Plotter)绘图仪(Plug and play)即插即用(Plug-in boards)插件卡(Pointer)指示器(Pointing stick)指示棍(Port)端口(Portable scanner)便携式扫描仪(Presentation files)演示文稿(Presentation graphics)电子文稿程序(Primary storage)主存(Procedures)规程(Processor)处理机(Programming control language)程序控制语言(Packets)数据包(Parallel data transmission)平行数据传输(Peer-to-peer network system点)对点网络系统(person-person auction site)个人对个人拍卖站点(physical security)物理安全(Pits)凹面(plug-in)插件程序(privacy )隐私权(proactive )主动地(programmer)程序员(Protocols)协议(provider)供应商(project )项目工程(proxy server)代理服务(pull products)推取程序(push products)推送程序PDA(personal digital assistant)个人数字助理PCI(peripheral component interconnect)外部设备互连总线PCMCIA (Personal Memory Card International Association)个人计算机存储卡国际协会PBX(Private Branch Exchange)用户级交换机PC(Personal Computer)个人计算机PCB(Process Control Block)进程控制块PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)外部连接互联,是一种局部总线PCM(Pulse Code Modulation)脉冲编码调制PCS(Personal Communications Service) 个人通信业务PDA(Personal Digital As sistant)个人数字助理PDF(Portable Document Format)便携式文档格式PDN(Public Data Network)公共数据网PHP(Personal Home Page)个人网页PIB(Programmable Input Buffer)可编程输入缓冲区PMMU(Paged Memory Management Unit)页面存储管理单元POP(Post Of f ice Protocol)邮局协议POST(Power-On Self -Test)加电自检PPP(Peer-Peer Protocol)端对端协议PPP(Point to Point Protocol)点到点协议PPSN(Public Packed-Switched Network)公用分组交换网PR(Performance Rate)性能比率PROM(Programmable ROM)可编程只读存储器PSN(Processor Serial Number)处理器序列号QQC(Quality Control)质量控制QLP(Query Language Proces sor)查询语言处理器QoS(Quality of Service)服务质量R(RAM cache)随机高速缓冲器(Range)范围(Record)记录(Relational database)关系数据库(Replace)替换(Resolution)分辨率(Row)行(Read-only)只读(Reformatting)重组(regional service provider)区域性服务供应商(reverse directory)反向目录(right to financial privacy act of 1979)财产隐私法案(Ring network)环形网RAD(Rapid Application Development)快速应用开发RAI(Remote Application Interface)远程应用程序界面RAID(Redundant Array Independent Disk) 冗余列阵磁盘机RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)反向地址解析协议RAM(Random Acces s Memory)随机存储器RAM(Real Address Mode)实地址模式RAID(Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks)冗余磁盘阵列技术RAS(Remote Access Service)远程访问服务RCP(Remote CoPy)远程复制RDA(Remote Data Access)远程数据访问RDO (Remote Data Objects) 远程数据对象RF(Radio Frequency) 射频，无线电频率RIP(Raster Image Protocol)光栅图像处理器RIP(Routing Information Protocol)路由选择信息协议RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computer)精简指令集计算机ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器RPC(Remote Procedure Call)远程过程调用RPG(Role Play Games)角色扮演游戏RPM(Revolutions Per Minute)转/分RTS(Request To Send)请求发送RTSP(Real Time Streaming Protocol) 实时流协议S(Scanner)扫描器(Search)查找(Secondary storage device)辅助存储设备(Semiconductor)半导体(Serial ports)串行端口(Server)服务器(Shared laser printer)共享激光打印机(shakedown test )调试(Sheet)表格(Silicon chip)硅片(Slots)插槽(Smart card)智能卡(Soft copy)软拷贝(Software suite)软件协议(Sorting)排序(Source file)源文件(Special-purpose application)专用文件(Spreadsheet)电子数据表(Standard toolbar)标准工具栏(Supercomputer)巨型机(System )系统(System cabinet )系统箱(System clock)时钟(System software)系统软件(Satellite/air connection services)卫星无线连接服务(search engines)搜索引擎(search providers)搜索供应者(search services )搜索服务器(Sectors)扇区(security)安全(Sending and receiving devices)发送接收设备(Sequential access)顺序存取(Serial data transmission)单向通信(signature line)签名档(snoopware)监控软件(software copyright act of1980)软件版权法案(software piracy)软件盗版(Solid-state storage)固态存储器(specialized search engine)专用搜索引擎(spiders)网页爬虫(spike)尖峰电压(Star network)星型网(Strategy)方案(subject)主题(subscription address)预定地址(Superdisk)超级磁盘(surfing)网上冲浪(surgeprotector)浪涌保护器(systems analyst)系统分析师...SACL(System Access Control List) 系统访问控制列表SAF(Store And Forward)存储转发SAP(Service Acces s Point)服务访问点SCSI(Small Computer System Interface)小型计算机系统接口SDLC(Synchronous Data Link Control)同步数据链路控制SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language)标准通用标记语言SHTTP(Secure Hype Text Transfer Protocol)安全超文本传递协议SMP(Symmetric Multi-Processor)对称式多处理器SMTP(Simple Mail Transport Protocol)简单邮件传输协议SNA(System Network Architecture)系统网络结构SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol)简单网络管理协议SNR(Signal Noise Ratio)信噪比SNTP(Simple Network Time Protocol)简单网络时间协议SONC(System On a Chip)系统集成芯片SONET(Synchronous Optic Network)同步光纤网SPC(Stored-Program Control)存储程序控制SQL(Structured Query Language)结构化查询语言SRAM(Static Random Access Memory)静态随机存储器SRPG(Strategies Role Play Games) 战略角色扮演游戏SSL(Secure Sockets Layer)安全套接层STDM(Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing)同步时分复用STG(Shoot Game)射击类游戏STP(Shielded Twisted-Pair)屏蔽双绞线SVGA (Super Video Graphics Array) 超级视频图形阵列T(Table)二维表(Telephony)电话学(Television boards)电视扩展卡(Terminal) 终端(Template)模板(Text entry)文本输入(Thermal printer )热印刷(Thin client)瘦客(Toggle key)触发键(Toolbar)工具栏(Touch screen)触摸屏(Trackball)球(TV tuner card)电视调谐卡(Two-state system))双状态系统(technical writer)技术协作者(technostress)重压技术(telnet)远程登录(Time-sharing system)分时系统(Topology)拓扑结构(Tracks)磁道(traditional cookies)传统的信息记录程序(Twisted pair)双绞TCB(Transmission Control Block)传输控制块TCP(Transmis sion Control Protocol)传输控制协议TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol)传输控制协议/ 网间协议TDM(Time Division Multiplexing)时分多路复用TDMA(Time Division Multiplexing Address)时分多址技术TDR(Time-Domain Reflectometer)时间域反射测试仪TFT(Thin Film Transistor Monitor)薄膜晶体管显示器TFTP(Trivial File Transfer Protocol)简单文件传送协议TIFF(Tag Image File Format)标记图形文件格式TIG(Task Interaction Graph)任务交互图TLI(Transport Layer Interface)传输层接口TM(Traffic Management)业务量管理，流量管理TPS(Transactions Per Second)(系统)每秒可处理的交易数TSR(Terminate and Stay Resident)终止并驻留TTL(Transistor-Transistor Logic)晶体管—晶体管逻辑电路TWX(Teletypewriter Exchange)电传电报交换机U(Unicode)统一字符标准(uploading)上传(usenet)世界性新闻组网络UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter)通用异步收发器UDF(Universal Disk Format)通用磁盘格式UDP(User Datagram Protocol)用户数据报协议UHF(Ultra High Frequency)超高频UI(User Interface)用户界面，用户接口UIMS(User Interface Management System)用户接口管理程序UNI(User Network Interface)用户网络接口UPA(Ultra Port Architecture)超级端口结构UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply)不间断电源URI(Uniform Resource Identi fier)环球资源标识符URL(Uniform Resource Locator)统一资源定位器USB(Universal Serial Bus)通用串行总线UTP(Unshielded Twisted-Pair)非屏蔽双绞线UXGA(Ultra Extended Graphics Array)超强图形阵列V(Virtual memory)虚拟内存(Video display screen)视频显示屏(Voice recognition system)声音识别系统(vertical portal)纵向门户(video privacy protection act of 1988)视频隐私权保护法案(virus checker)病毒检测程序(virus)病毒(Voiceband)音频带宽(Volatile storage)易失性存储(voltage surge)电涌VAD(Virtual Addres s Descriptors)虚拟地址描述符VAGP(Variable Aperature Grille Pitch) 可变间距光栅VAN(Value Added Network)增值网络VAP(Value-Added Process)增值处理VAS(Value-Added Server)增值服务VAX(Virtual Address eXtension)虚拟地址扩充VBR(Variable Bit Rate)可变比特率VC(Virtual Circuit)虚拟线路VCPI(Virtual Control Program Interface)虚拟控制程序接口VDD(Virtual Device Driver s)虚拟设备驱动程序VDR(Video Disc Recorder)光盘录像机VDT(Video Display Terminals)视频显示终端VDU(Visual Display Unit)视频显示单元VFS(Virtual File System)虚拟文件系统VGA(Video Graphics Adapter)视频图形适配器VIS(Video Information System)视频信息系统VLAN(Virtual LAN)虚拟局域网VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word)超长指令字VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration)超大规模集成VMS(Virtual Memory System)虚拟存储系统VOD(Video On Demand)视频点播系统VON(Voice On Net)网上通话VR(Virtual Reality)虚拟现实VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language)虚拟现实建模语言VRR(Vertical Refresh Rate)垂直刷新率VTP(Virtual Terminal Protocol)虚拟终端协议W(Wand reader )条形码读入(Web )网络(Web appliance )环球网设备(Web page)网页(Web site address)网络地址(Web terminal)环球网终端(Webcam)摄像头(What-if analysis)假定分析(Wireless revolution)无线革命(Word)字长(Word processing)文字处理(Word wrap)自动换行(Worksheet file) 工作文件(web auctions)网上拍卖(web broadcasters)网络广播(web portals)门户网站(web sites)网站(web storefront creation packages)网上商店创建包(web storefronts)网上商店(web utilities)网上应用程序(web-downloading utilities)网页下载应用程序(webmaster web)站点管理员(web)万维网(Wireless modems)无线调制解调器(wireless service provider)无线服务供应商WWW(world wide web)万维网(worm)蠕虫病毒(Write-protect notch)写保护口WAN(Wide area network)广域网(Web server)Web 服务器(well-connected )连接良好(well-known services )公认的服务(wildcard character)通配符(wildcarding )通配符方式(window menu )窗口菜单(Windows 2000 Task Manager)Windows 2000任务管理器WINS(Windows Internet Name Service)Windows Internet 命名服务WMI(Windows Management Instrumentation) Windows 管理规范(Windows Media Services)Windows Media 服务(WINS proxy)WINS 代理(WINS resource )WINS 资源(wireless communication )无线通讯WMI(Windows Management Instrumentation ) Windows 管理规范(workgroup)工作组WAN(Wide Area Network)广域网WAE(Wireles s Application Environment)无线应用环境WAIS(Wide Area Information Service)广义信息服务,数据库检索工具WAP(Wireles s Application Protocol)无线应用协议WAV(Wave Audio Format)非压缩的音频格式文件WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing)波分多路复用WDP(Wireless Datagram Protocol)无线数据包协议WFW(Windows for Workgroups)工作组窗口WML(Wireles s Markup Language)无线标记语言WMP(Windows Media Player)Windows媒体播放器WORM(Write Once, Read Many time)写一次读多次光盘。
软件工程名词解释汇总
软件工程名词解释汇总软件工程名词解释汇总1. 软件工程（Software Engineering）软件工程是一门研究和应用如何以系统化的、可靠的、可重复的方法开发和维护软件的学科。
它涉及软件生命周期的各个阶段，包括需求分析、设计、编码、测试、部署和维护等。
2. 软件生命周期（Software Lifecycle）软件生命周期指的是软件从概念、需求定义到退役或废弃的全过程。
它包括需求分析、系统设计、编码、测试、部署和维护等阶段。
软件生命周期管理是软件工程的核心概念之一。
3. 需求工程（Requirements Engineering）需求工程是指在软件开发过程中，对用户需求进行系统和详细的分析、定义和管理的过程。
它包括需求获取、需求分析、需求规格和验证等活动，旨在确保软件开发满足用户的实际需求。
4. 设计模式（Design Pattern）设计模式是指在软件开发中经常遇到的一些设计问题的解决方案。
它描述了一种在特定环境下重复出现的问题和解决该问题的方法。
设计模式有助于提高软件的可维护性、可扩展性和重用性。
5. UML（Unified Modeling Language）UML是一种用于软件系统建模的标准化图形化语言。
它提供了一组符号和符号规则，用于描述系统的结构、行为和交互。
UML可以帮助软件工程师更好地理解和沟通软件设计和开发过程中的各个方面。
6. 敏捷开发（Agile Development）敏捷开发是一种迭代、增量和协作的软件开发方法。
它强调团队成员之间的密切合作和快速响应变化，以满足客户需求。
敏捷开发通过迭代开发、持续集成和快速反馈等方式，提高软件开发的灵活性和适应性。
7. 软件测试（Software Testing）软件测试是指通过运行系统或组件，以评估其是否满足特定需求、以检测其缺陷或以衡量其质量的过程。
软件测试可以分为功能测试、性能测试、安全测试等不同的类型。
8. 软件质量保证（Software Quality Assurance）软件质量保证是一种通过制定和实施相关的标准和流程，以确保软件开发过程和软件产品符合预期质量要求的活动。
软件工程专业英语-Main Memory Database
Concept Check
• What is a Main Memory database? • Describe the Differences between Main Memory database and disk resident
database. • How many features do MMDBs have?
• In MMDBMSs the situation is different: Since data is guaranteed to stay present in main memory, index structures and all the other parts of the database do not need to consider disk access and can be tuned for low computational cost.
软件我工们程毕专业业啦英语
SOFTWARE E其N实是G答IN辩的E标E题R地I方NG ESSENTIALS
CHPTER 3 MAIN MEMORY DATABASES
3.1 An Overview of Main Memory Databases 3.2 The Evolution of Main Memory Databases 3.3 The Key Technology of Main Memory Database SUMMARY
3.1.3 Features of Main Memory Databases
The main memory database has many excellent features, and some important ones are listed as follows: • High throughput rate and low access delay • Excellent parallel processing power • High hardware dependencies
(完整)软件工程专业英语
软件工程英语文档：Documents软件工具：Software Tools工具箱：Tool Box集成工具：Integrated Tool软件工程环境：Software Engineering Environment传统：Conventional经典：Classical解空间：Solution Domain问题空间：Problem Domain清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the first，Efficiency the next。
设计先于编码Design before coding使程序的结构适合于问题的结构Make the program fit the problem开发伴随复用，开发为了复用Development with reuse, Development for reuse。
靠度量来管理:Management by Measurement软件度量学：Software Metrics软件经济学：Software Economics软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件实现HOW软件生存周期过程的开发标准Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process软件开发模型:Software Development Model编码员：Coder瀑布模型：Waterfall Model快速原型模型:Rapid Prototype Model 增量模型:Incremental Model线性思维：Linear Thinking演化模型：Evolutionary Model螺旋模型：Spiral Model对象：Object类：Class继承：Inheritance聚集:Aggregation消息：Message面向对象＝对象Object+分类Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages 构件集成模型：Component Integration Model转换模型：Transformational Model净室软件工程:Cleanroom Software Engineering净室模型：Cleanroom Model软件需求规格说明书：Software Requirement Specification ，SRS分析模型：Analysis Model便利的应用规约技术：Facilitated Application Specification Techniques ,FAST结构化语言：Structured Language判定树：Decision Tree基数：Cardinality事件轨迹：Event Trace对象－关系Object—Relationsship结构化分析:SA（Structured Analysis）由顶向下，逐步细化Top-Down Stepwise Refinement面向对象分析：Object-Oriented Analysis包含：Contains临近：Is Next To传到：Transmits to来自:Acquires from管理:Manages 控制:Controls组成:Is Composed of细化：Refinement抽象：Abstraction模块:Module策略：Strategy信息隐藏:Information Hiding数据封装：Data Encapsulation抽象数据类型：Abstract Data type模块化设计：Modular Design分解：Decomposition模块性：Modularity单模块软件：Monolithic Software模块独立性：Module Independence内聚：Cohesion偶然性内聚:Coincidental Cohesion逻辑性内聚：Logical Cohesion时间性内聚：Temporal Cohesion过程性内聚： Procedural Cohesion通信性内聚：Communicational Cohesion顺序性内聚：Sequential Cohesion功能性内聚:Functional Cohesion非直接偶合:No Direct Coupling数据偶合：Data Coupling特征偶合:Stamp Coupling控制偶合:Control Coupling外部偶合:External Coupling公共偶合：Common Coupling内容偶合： Content Coupling由底向上设计：Bottom-Up Design自顶向下设计：Top-Down Design正式复审：Formal Review非正式复审：Informal Review走查，排练：Walk-Through会审：Inspection映射:Mapping传入路径：Afferent path传出路径：Efferent path变换中心：Transform Center接受路径：Reception path动作路径:Action path事务中心:Transaction Center分支分解：Factoring of Brandches瓮形：oval-shaped一个模块的控制域：Scope of Control 一个模块的作用域：Scope of Effect 结构化程序设计：Structured Programming通心面程序:Bowl of Spaghetti流程图：Flow Diagram编码:Coding方框图：Block DiagramPDL （Pidgin）：Program Design Language伪代码：Pseudo CodeJSD:Jackson System Development对象建模技术：Object Modeling Technique基础设施:Infrastructure控制线程：Thread of Control保护者对象:Guardian Object协议：protocolUML：Unified Modeling Language OMG：Object Management Group统一方法:Unified Method关联:Association泛化:Generalization依赖：Dependency结点：Node接口：Interface包：Package注释： Note特化：Specialization元元模型：Meta—Meta Model用户模型：User Model静态图:Static Diagram动态图：Dynamic Diagram用例视图：Use Case View逻辑视图:Logical View并发视图：Concurrent View构件视图:Component View实现模型视图：Implementation Model View部署视图：Deployment View航向：Navigability重数：Multiplicity共享聚集：Shared Aggregation组合：Composition泛化：Generalization简单消息：Simple Message同步消息：Synchronous Message异步消息:Asynchronous Message事件说明：Event_Signature守卫条件:Guard_Condition动作表达式：Action_Expression 发送子句：Send_Clause时序图：Sequence Diagram协作图：Collaboration Diagram前缀:Predecessor循环子句：Iteration-Clause活动图：Activity Diagram构件图：Component Diagram配置图：Deployment Diagram建模过程指导(RUP）：Rational Unified Process可执行代码:Executalbe Codes实现：Implementation编码风格：Coding Style标准：Classical控制流的直线性：Linearity of Control Flow程序风格设计要素：先求正确后求快 Make it right before you make it faster.先求清楚后求快 Make it clear before you make it faster.求快不忘保持程序正确 Keep it right when you make it faster.保持程序简单以求快 Keep it simpleto make it faster。
(完整版)C++必备专业英语单词(已标注音标)
抽象数据类型abstract data type抽象abstraction累加accumulating实际变元actual argument实际参数actual parameter地址运算符address operator算法 algorithm功能模型al model运算与逻辑单元ALU分析 analysis应用软件application software参数/变元argument算术运算符arithmeticoperators ，基类ase class汇编程序assembler汇编语言assembler language赋值运算符assignment operator(s) ，赋值语句assignment statement综合性associativity原子数据类型atomic dataB备份件backup copies大O表示法Big O notation测试的基本规则basic rule of testing二分法查找binary search位bit函数体boday引导boot字节bytes被调函数called调用函数calling类型转换cast字符值characters类class类层次class hierarchy类的成员class members类的作用范围class scope编写代码coding注释comments编译型语言compiled language编译程序compiler编译时错误compile-time error复合语句compound statement计算机程序computer program条件condition控制单元control unit转换运算符conversion operator，构造函数costructor记数countingD字段data field数据文件data file数据隐藏data hiding数据成员data member数据类型data type声明部分declaration section声明语句declaration statement自减运算符decrement operator缺省复制构造函数default copy constructor缺省构造函数default constructor函数定义definition定义语句definition statement派生类derived class桌面检查desk checking析构函数destructor文档编写documentation双精度数double-precision number 动态绑定dynamic hinding动态模型dynamic modelE回显打印echo printing封装encapsulation转义序列escape sequence，交换排序法exchange sort表达式expression外部文件名external file nameF假条件false condition域宽操纵符field width manipulator 文件访问file access文件组织形式file organization文件流file stream浮点数floating-point number软盘floppy diskette流程图flowchart形式变元formal argument形式参数formal parameter友元函数friend全局作用的范围global scope全局变量global variableH硬盘hard disk硬件hardware函数首部header头文件header file十六进制hexadecimal高级语言high-level languageI标识符identifier实现implement实现部分implementation section自增运算符increment operator下标index下标变量indexed variable间接寻址indirect addressing间接寻址运算符indirection operator 无限循环infinite loop继承性inheritance内联成员函数inline member输入文件流input file stream实例变量instance variables解释型语言interpreted language解释程序interpreter调用invocation整数值iteger循环结构iteration输入/输出单元I/O unit对齐justificatingK关键字段key field关键字keywordL左值l线形查找linear（sequential）search 链表linked list局部作用范围local scope局部变量local variable逻辑错误logic error低级语言low-level languageM机器语言machine language魔术数magic number操纵符manipulator数学头文件mathematical library成员函数member s成员式赋值memberwise assignment 内存堆栈memory stack内存单元memory unit微处理器microprocessor混合表达式mixed-mode expression 助记符mnemonic模型model模块module取模运算符modulus operator多重继承multiple inheritance已命名常数named constant嵌套循环nested loop空字符null character空语句null statementO面向对象的语言object-oriented language对象object八进制octal偏移量offset一维数组one-dimensional array操作码opcode操作系统operating system运算符函数operator输出文件流output file stream函数的重载overloadingP参数parameter值传递pass by引用传递pass by reference指针pointer指针变量pointer variable多态性polymorphism后判断循环posttest loop优先级preccedence先判断循环pretest loop私有private面向过程的语言procedure-oriented language 汇编语言programming language程序设计progremming提示prompt函数的原形prototype伪代码pseudocode程序验证与测试program verification and testing 公有publicQ快速排序法quicksortR右值r随机访问random access记录recored递归传递recursive细化refinement循环结构repetition循环语句repetition statement返回语句return statement运行时错误run-time errorS换算scaling作用范围scope辅存secondary storage选择结构selection选择排序法selection sort标记sentinel顺序组织形式sepuential organization顺序结构sequence简单继承simple inheritance单维数组single-dimensional array软件software软件工程software engineering软件开发过程software development procedure 软件维护software maintenance源代码soure code源程序source program字符串变量sring variable静态绑定static hiding静态类数据成员static class data member存储类型storage class结构体structure结构体成员structure member函数占位符stub下标sub下标变量subed variable语法syntax语法错误syntax error符号常数symbolic constant系统软件system softwareT函数模板template模板前缀template prefix测试testing U文本文件text filethis指针this pointer跟踪tracing类型转换type conversions二维数组two-dimensional array类型转换构造函数 type conversion constructor 二进制补码two’s complementU联合体unionV变量variable变量作用范围variable scope可变条件循环variable condition loop 二进制文件vinary file虚函数virtual运算符与表达式：1.constant 常量2. variable 变量3. identify 标识符4. keywords 关键字5. sign 符号6. operator 运算符7. statement语句8. syntax 语法9. expression 表达式10. initialition 初始化11. number format 数据格式12 declaration 说明13. type conversion 类型转换14.define 、definition 定义条件语句：1.select 选择2. expression 表达式3. logical expression 逻辑表达式4. Relational expression 关系表达式5.priority优先6. operation运算7.structure 结构循环语句：1.circle 循环2. condition 条件3. variant 变量4. process过程5.prio rity优先6. operation运算数组：1. array 数组2. reference 引用3. element 元素4. address 地址5. sort 排序6. character 字符7. string 字符串8. application 应用函数：1.call 调用2.return value 返回值3.function 函数4. declare 声明5. `parameter 参数6.static 静态的7.extern 外部的指针：1. pointer 指针2. argument 参数3. array 数组4. declaration 声明5. represent 表示6. manipulate 处理结构体、共用体、链表：1 structure 结构2 member成员3 tag 标记4 function 函数5 enumerate 枚举6 union 联合（共用体）7 create 创建8 insert 插入9 delete 删除10 modify 修改文件：1、file 文件2、open 打开3、close 关闭4、read 读5、write 写6、error 错误1 运算符与表达式（operator and expression ）常量constant变量variable标识符identify关键字keywords符号sign运算符operator语句statement语法syntax表达式Expression初始化Initialization数据格式number format说明Declaration类型转换type conversion定义Define 、definition2 条件语句（condition statement)选择select表达式expression逻辑表达式logical expression关系表达式Relational expression优先priority运算operation结构structure3 循环语句(circle statement)循环circle条件condition变量variant过程process优先priority运算operation4 函数(function)调用call返回值return value函数function声明declare参数parameter静态的static外部的extern5 数组和指针(array and pointer)数组array引用reference元素element地址address排序sort字符character字符串string应用application指针pointer参数argument数组array声明declaration表示represent处理manipulate6 结构体、共用体(structures 、union ）结构structure成员member标记tag函数function枚举enumerate联合( 共用体) union创建create插入insert删除delete修改modify7 文件（file)文件file打开open关闭close读read写write错误errorProgram Design 程序设计writing program 编写程序standardize vt.使标准化coding the program 编程simplify vt.单一化，简单化programming 程序revision n.校订，修正programmer n.程序员occupy vt.占领，住进logic n.逻辑，逻辑学BASIC 初学者通用符号指令代码machine code 机器代码teaching language 教学语言debug n.DOS命令，调试simplicity n.单纯，简朴compactness a.紧凑的，紧密的timesharing system 分时系统description n.描述，说明interactive language 交互式语言break n.中断manufacturer n.制造业者structure chart 结构图dialect n.方言，语调the program flow 程序流expense n.费用，代价manager module 管理模块uniformity n.同样，划一worder module 工作模块archaic a.己废的，古老的mainmodule 主模块sufficient a.充分的，足够的submodule 子模块data processing 数据处理modify v.修正，修改business application 商业应用outline n.轮廓，概要scientific application 科学应用compose分解lexical a.字典的，词汇的code 代码non-programmer n.非编程人员node vt改为密码notation n.记号法，表示法，注释pseudocode n.伪代码verbosity n.唠叨，冗长commas n.逗点逗号record n.记录documentation 文档subrecord n.子记录flowchart/flow 程表／流程data division 数据部visual a.视觉的procedure division 过程部represent vt.表现，表示，代表comprise vt.包含构成structured techniques结构化技术operator n.运算符，算子straightforward a.笔直的，率直的commercial package 商业软件包subroutine n.子程序generator n.产生器，生产者driver module 驱动模块mathematician n.专家line by line 逐行operator n.作符translate vt.翻译，解释forerunner n.先驱modular 摸块化ancestor n.祖宗cumbersome a.讨厌的，麻烦的teaching programming 编程教学lengthy a.冗长的，漫长的alter vi./vt.改变flaw n.缺点裂纹devclop vt.发达separate a.各别的recompile v.编译assist n.帮助cycle n.循环technician n.技师remove vt.移动，除去straight line 直线category n.种类，类项rectangle n.长方形,矩形P-code p代码virtrally ad.事实上symology n.象征学象征的使用register n.寄存器to summaries 总之，总而言之by convention 按照惯例cyptic n.含义模糊的，隐藏的diamond-shaped a,菱形的bracket n.括号decision n判断obviate 除去，排除terminal n. a终端机，终端的keyword n.关键字card reader 阅读器underline vt.下划线translator program 译程序monadic a. monad(单位)的Programming 程序设计dec/binary n.二进制source language 源语shift 变化，转移，移位machine language 机器overflow n.溢出machine instruction 机器指令arithmetic n.算术，算法computer language 计算机语composite symbol 复合型符号．assembly language 汇编语assignment n.赋值floating point number浮点数proliferation n.增服high-level language高级语pointer n.指针natural language 自然语言array n.数组矩阵，source text 源文本subscript n.下标intermediate language 中间语言type conversion 类型转换software development 软件开发address arithmetic 地址运算map vt.映射，计划denote vt.指示，表示maintenance cost 维护费用subprogram n.子程序legibility n.易读性，易识别separate compilation 分离式编泽amend vt.修正，改善alphabetic a.照字母次序的consumer n.消费者digit n.数字位数enormous a.巨大的，庞大的numeric expression 数值表达式reliability n.可信赖性，可信度tap n.轻打，轻敲，选择safety n.安全，安全设备print zone 打印区property n.财产，所有权column n.列correctness n.正确，functionality n.机能semicolon n.分号portable a.叮携带的，可搬运的survey n.概观．altoggle n.肘节开关task n.作，任务declaration n.宣告说明source program 源程序mufti-dimension array 多维数组object program 目标程序。
软件工程专业英语
软件工程英语文档：Documents软件工具：Software Tools工具箱：Tool Box集成工具：Integrated Tool软件工程环境：Software Engineering Environment传统：Conventional经典：Classical解空间：Solution Domain问题空间：Problem Domain清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the first, Efficiency the next.设计先于编码Design before coding使程序的结构适合于问题的结构Make the program fit the problem开发伴随复用，开发为了复用Development with reuse, Development for reuse.靠度量来管理：Management by Measurement软件度量学：Software Metrics 软件经济学:Software Economics软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件实现HOW软件生存周期过程的开发标准Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process 软件开发模型：Software Development Model编码员：Coder瀑布模型：Waterfall Model快速原型模型：Rapid Prototype Model增量模型:Incremental Model 线性思维:Linear Thinking演化模型：Evolutionary Model 螺旋模型：Spiral Model对象：Object类：Class继承：Inheritance聚集:Aggregation消息：Message面向对象＝对象Object+分类Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages 构件集成模型：Component Integration Model转换模型：Transformational Model净室软件工程：Cleanroom Software Engineering净室模型:Cleanroom Model软件需求规格说明书：Software RequirementSpecification ,SRS分析模型：Analysis Model便利的应用规约技术：Facilitated Application SpecificationTechniques ,FAST结构化语言：Structured Language判定树：Decision Tree基数：Cardinality事件轨迹：Event Trace对象－关系Object-Relationsship结构化分析：SA（Structured Analysis）由顶向下，逐步细化 Top-Down Stepwise Refinement面向对象分析：Object-Oriented Analysis包含：Contains临近：Is Next To传到:Transmits to来自:Acquires from管理:Manages控制:Controls组成：Is Composed of细化：Refinement抽象：Abstraction模块：Module策略：Strategy信息隐藏:Information Hiding 数据封装：Data Encapsulation 抽象数据类型：Abstract Data type模块化设计：Modular Design 分解：Decomposition模块性：Modularity单模块软件：Monolithic Software模块独立性：Module Independence聚：Cohesion偶然性聚：Coincidental Cohesion逻辑性聚：Logical Cohesion 时间性聚：Temporal Cohesion 过程性聚: Procedural Cohesion通信性聚: Communicational Cohesion顺序性聚：Sequential Cohesion 功能性聚：Functional Cohesion 非直接偶合：No Direct Coupling数据偶合：Data Coupling特征偶合：Stamp Coupling控制偶合：Control Coupling 外部偶合：External Coupling 公共偶合：Common Coupling容偶合: Content Coupling由底向上设计：Bottom-Up Design自顶向下设计：Top-Down Design 正式复审：Formal Review非正式复审：Informal Review 走查，排练：Walk-Through会审：Inspection映射：Mapping传入路径：Afferent path传出路径：Efferent path变换中心：Transform Center 接受路径：Reception path动作路径：Action path事务中心：Transaction Center 分支分解：Factoring of Brandches瓮形：oval-shaped一个模块的控制域：Scope of Control一个模块的作用域：Scope of Effect结构化程序设计：Structured Programming通心面程序：Bowl of Spaghetti 流程图：Flow Diagram编码：Coding方框图：Block DiagramPDL (Pidgin):Program Design Language伪代码：Pseudo CodeJSD:Jackson System Development对象建模技术：Object Modeling Technique基础设施：Infrastructure 控制线程：Thread of Control 保护者对象：Guardian Object 协议：protocolUML:Unified Modeling Language OMG:Object Management Group 统一方法：Unified Method关联:Association泛化：Generalization依赖：Dependency结点：Node接口：Interface包：Package注释： Note特化：Specialization元元模型：Meta-Meta Model用户模型：User Model静态图：Static Diagram动态图：Dynamic Diagram用例视图：Use Case View逻辑视图：Logical View并发视图：Concurrent View构件视图：Component View实现模型视图：Implementation Model View部署视图：Deployment View航向：Navigability重数：Multiplicity共享聚集：Shared Aggregation 组合：Composition泛化：Generalization简单消息：Simple Message同步消息：Synchronous Message 异步消息：Asynchronous Message事件说明：Event_Signature守卫条件：Guard_Condition动作表达式:Action_Expression 发送子句：Send_Clause时序图：Sequence Diagram协作图：Collaboration Diagram 前缀：Predecessor循环子句：Iteration-Clause 活动图：Activity Diagram构件图：Component Diagram 配置图：Deployment Diagram 建模过程指导(RUP)：Rational Unified Process可执行代码：Executalbe Codes 实现：Implementation编码风格：Coding Style标准：Classical控制流的直线性：Linearity of Control Flow程序风格设计要素：先求正确后求快 Make it right before you make it faster. 先求清楚后求快 Make it clear before you make it faster. 求快不忘保持程序正确 Keep it right when you make it faster. 保持程序简单以求快 Keep it simple to make it faster.书写清楚，不要为“效率”牺牲清楚Write clearly-don't sacrifice clarity for "efficiency"文档化：Code Documentation 部文档编制：Internal Documentation序言：Prologue用户友善：User Friendly纠错：Debugging测试用例：Test Case穷举测试：Exhaustive Testing 选择测试：Selective Testing 静态分析：Static Analysis黑盒测试：Black Box Testing 白盒测试：White Box Testing 等价分类：Equivalence Partioning边界值分析法：Boundary Value Analysis所谓猜错：Error Guessing因果图:Cause-Effect Graph逻辑覆盖测试法：Logic Coverage Testing试凑：Trial and Error回溯：Back Tracking 病因排除法：Cause Elimination 测试纠错：Debugging by Testing 蛮力纠错技术：Debugging by Brute Force回归测试：Regression Testing 单元测试：Unit Testing综合测试：Integration Testing 确认测试: Validation Testing 系统测试：System Testing模块测试：Module Testing高级测试：Higher order Testing 不可达的：Unreachable办公桌检查：Desk Check走查：Walk-Through代码会审：Code Inspection测试驱动模块：Test Driver测试桩模块：Test Stub群：Cluster混合方式测试：Sandwich Testing渐增式测试：Incremental Testing非渐增式：Non-Incremental配置复审：Configuration Review测试终止标准：Test Completion Criteria基于线程的测试：Thread-Based Testing基于使用：Use-Based基于构件的软件开发：Component Based Software Development ,CBSD领域工程：Domain Engineering 需求规约：Requirements Specification变体：Variant组件对象模型，COM：Componet Object Model对象与嵌入：Object Linking and Embedding公共对象请求代理体系结构，CORBA：Common Object Request Broker Architecture 枚举分类：Enumerater Classification呈面分类：Faceted Classification属性-值分类：Attribute-Value Classification应用系统工程，ASE：Application System Engineering完善性维护：Perfective Maintenance适应性维护：Adaptive Maintenance纠错性维护：Corrective Maintenance预防性维护：Preventive Maintenance结构化的翻新：Structured Retrofit可维护性：Maintainability可理解性：Understandability 可修改性：Modifiability可测试性:Testability调用图：Call Graph交差引用表：Cross-Reference Directory数据封装技术：Data Encapsulation维护申请单MRF：Maintenance Request Form软件问题报告单SPR：Software Problem Report软件修改报告单SCR: Software Change Report修改控制组CCB：Change Control Board软件配置：Software Configuration版本控制库：Version Control Library活动比：Activity Ratio工作量调节因子EAF：Effort Adjustment Factor软件再工程：Software Reengineering 逆向工程：Reverse Engineering 重构：Restructure演化性：Evolvability问题定义：Problem Definition 系统目标与围的说明：Statement of Scope and Objectives可行性研究：Feasibility Study 系统流程图：System Flowchart 成本－效益分析：Cost-Benifit Analysis风险识别：Risk Identification 风险预测：Risk Projection风险估计：Risk Estimation风险评价：Risk Assessment估算模型：Estimation Model 资源模型：Resource Model构造性成本模型：Constructive cost Model组织：Organic半独立：Semidetached嵌入：Embeded算法模型：Algorithmic Model分类活动结构图WBS：Work Breakdown Structure人员－时间权衡定律People-Time Trade-Off Law无我小组：Egoless Team主程序员小组：Chief-Programmer Team PERT:Program Evaluation and Review Technique关键路径：Critical Path知识产权：Intellectual Property靠质量来管理：Management by Measurement质量保证：Quality Assurance 质量认证: Quality Certification质量检验：Quality Inspection 全面质量管理TQC：Total Quality Control质量体系：Quality System计划-实施-检查-措施Plan-Do-Check-Acti on合格论证：Conformity Certification可靠性：Reliability效率：Efficiency运行工程:Human Engineering 正确性：Correctness使用性：Usability完整性：Integrity可理解性：Understandability 可测试性：Testability可修改性：Modifiability可移植性：Portability可维护性：Maintainability可适应性：Flexibility可重用性：Reusability交互操作性：Interoperability 验证与确认：Verification and Validation ,V&V基线：Baselines平均故障时间：Mean Time ToFailure ,MTTF错误传入:Error Seeding冗余：Redundancy容错:Fault Tolerance公理化归纳断言法：Axio-Matic Inductive Assertion循环不变式：Loop Invariant能力成熟度模型：Capability Maturity Model关键过程域：Key Process Area ,KPA关键实践：Key Practice初始级：Initial可重复级:Repeatable已定义级:Defined已管理级:Managed优化级:Optimizing主任评估师：Lead Assessor极值程序设计:Extreme Programming自适应软件开发:Adaptive Software Development 轻载:Light weight重载:Heavy Weight返工：Rework进度:Schedule时间:Duration成本:Cost代码行LOC:Lines of Code面向功能：Function-Oriented 面向规模: Size-Oriented功能点：Function Points权系数:Weighting Coefficient 用户输入：User Input用户输出: User Output用户查询: User Inquirty主文件处理:Master File外部界面:External Interface TCF:Technical Complexity Factor 技术复杂性因子测度:Measurement最终用户:End-User;计算机辅助软件工程CASE:Computer Aided Software. . . Engineering拉出：pull-out下拉: pull-down一致性:Unification自动化：Automation过程模型：Process Model软件开发环境SDE：SoftwareDevelopment Environment软件设计支持环境PSE：ProgrammingSupport Environment集成化项目支持IPSE：IntegratedProject Support Environment集成化框架：Integration Framework质量从头抓起：Quality fromBeginning缺陷：Defect变更请求：Change Request功能扩充：Enhancement Request.. ..。
计算机专业英语-1-8英语翻译
Chapter 11.multi-core processor(多核处理器)------It is a single computing component with two or more independent actual processing units called “cores”, which are the units that read and execute program instructions.它是集成了两个或两个以上称为“核”的处理单元的计算部件，具有读取和执行程序指令的单元。
2.graphics processing unit(GPU)(图形处理单元)------A graphics processing unit, also occasionally called visual processing unit(VPU),is a specialized processor. It is designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display.它是一个图形处理单元，有时也被称为视觉处理单元VPU，一个专门的处理器。
它的设计目的是快速地操作和改变内存，以加速在帧缓冲区中创建图像，以便显示输出。
3.Wearable computer(可穿戴电脑)------A wearable computer, also known as a body-borne computer or wearable ,is a miniature electronic device that is worn by the bearer under, with or on top of clothing.穿戴式电脑，也被称为人体电脑或穿戴电脑，是一种微型电子设备，由持有者佩戴在身上或者衣服上。
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软件工程英语文档:Documents 软件工具：Software Tools 工具箱：Tool Box 集成工具：Integrated Tool 软件工程环境：Software Engineering Environment 传统：Conventional 经典：Classical 解空间:Solution Domain 问题空间：Problem Domain 清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the first，Efficiency the next。
设计先于编码Design before coding使程序的结构适合于问题的结构Make the program fit the problem开发伴随复用,开发为了复用Development with reuse, Development for reuse。
靠度量来管理：Management by Measurement软件度量学：Software Metrics 软件经济学：Software Economics 软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件实现HOW 软件生存周期过程的开发标准Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process 软件开发模型：Software Development Model 编码员：Coder 瀑布模型：Waterfall Model 快速原型模型：Rapid Prototype Model增量模型：Incremental Model 线性思维：Linear Thinking 演化模型:Evolutionary Model 螺旋模型：Spiral Model 对象：Object 类：Class 继承：Inheritance 聚集:Aggregation 消息：Message 面向对象＝对象Object+分类Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages 构件集成模型：Component Integration Model 转换模型：Transformational Model净室软件工程:Cleanroom Software Engineering 净室模型:Cleanroom Model 软件需求规格说明书：Software Requirement Specification ,SRS 分析模型：Analysis Model 便利的应用规约技术：Facilitated Application Specification Techniques ，FAST结构化语言:Structured Language 判定树:Decision Tree 基数：Cardinality 事件轨迹：Event Trace 对象－关系Object-Relationsship 结构化分析：SA(Structured Analysis）由顶向下，逐步细化Top-Down Stepwise Refinement 面向对象分析：Object—Oriented Analysis包含：Contains 临近：Is Next To 传到：Transmits to 来自:Acquires from 管理:Manages 控制:Controls 组成：Is Composed of 细化：Refinement 抽象：Abstraction 模块：Module 策略：Strategy 信息隐藏：Information Hiding 数据封装：Data Encapsulation 抽象数据类型：Abstract Data type模块化设计：Modular Design 分解：Decomposition 模块性：Modularity 单模块软件:Monolithic Software 模块独立性：Module Independence内聚：Cohesion 偶然性内聚：Coincidental Cohesion逻辑性内聚:Logical Cohesion 时间性内聚：Temporal Cohesion 过程性内聚: Procedural Cohesion通信性内聚: Communicational Cohesion顺序性内聚：Sequential Cohesion功能性内聚：Functional Cohesion非直接偶合:No Direct Coupling 数据偶合:Data Coupling 特征偶合：Stamp Coupling 控制偶合：Control Coupling 外部偶合：External Coupling 公共偶合:Common Coupling 内容偶合：Content Coupling 由底向上设计:Bottom—Up Design 自顶向下设计：Top—Down Design 正式复审:Formal Review 非正式复审：Informal Review 走查，排练：Walk—Through 会审：Inspection 映射：Mapping 传入路径：Afferent path 传出路径:Efferent path 变换中心:Transform Center 接受路径:Reception path 动作路径：Action path 事务中心：Transaction Center 分支分解：Factoring of Brandches瓮形：oval-shaped 一个模块的控制域：Scope of Control一个模块的作用域:Scope of Effect结构化程序设计：Structured Programming通心面程序：Bowl of Spaghetti 流程图：Flow Diagram 编码：Coding方框图：Block Diagram PDL (Pidgin）:Program Design Language伪代码:Pseudo Code JSD:Jackson System Development 对象建模技术:Object Modeling Technique基础设施:Infrastructure 控制线程：Thread of Control 保护者对象：Guardian Object 协议：protocol UML：Unified Modeling Language OMG:Object Management Group 统一方法：Unified Method 关联：Association 泛化：Generalization 依赖：Dependency 结点:Node 接口：Interface 包：Package 注释: Note 特化：Specialization 元元模型：Meta-Meta Model 用户模型:User Model 静态图：Static Diagram 动态图：Dynamic Diagram 用例视图:Use Case View 逻辑视图:Logical View 并发视图：Concurrent View 构件视图：Component View 实现模型视图：Implementation Model View 部署视图：Deployment View 航向：Navigability 重数:Multiplicity 共享聚集：Shared Aggregation 组合：Composition 泛化:Generalization 简单消息：Simple Message 同步消息：Synchronous Message 异步消息：Asynchronous Message 事件说明：Event_Signature 守卫条件：Guard_Condition 动作表达式:Action_Expression 发送子句:Send_Clause 时序图:Sequence Diagram 协作图：Collaboration Diagram 前缀:Predecessor 循环子句:Iteration-Clause 活动图：Activity Diagram 构件图：Component Diagram 配置图：Deployment Diagram 建模过程指导（RUP）：Rational Unified Process 可执行代码：Executalbe Codes 实现:Implementation 编码风格：Coding Style 标准：Classical 控制流的直线性：Linearity of Control Flow 程序风格设计要素：先求正确后求快Make it right before you make it faster. 先求清楚后求快Make it clear before you make it faster. 求快不忘保持程序正确Keep it right when you make it faster。
保持程序简单以求快Keep it simple to make it faster。
书写清楚,不要为“效率”牺牲清楚Write clearly—don’t sacrifice clarity for ”efficiency"文档化：Code Documentation 内部文档编制：Internal Documentation序言：Prologue 用户友善：User Friendly 纠错:Debugging 测试用例:Test Case 穷举测试：Exhaustive Testing 选择测试：Selective Testing 静态分析：Static Analysis 黑盒测试：Black Box Testing 白盒测试：White Box Testing 等价分类:Equivalence Partioning边界值分析法:Boundary Value Analysis所谓猜错：Error Guessing 因果图：Cause-Effect Graph 逻辑覆盖测试法：Logic Coverage Testing试凑:Trial and Error 回溯：Back Tracking 病因排除法：Cause Elimination 测试纠错:Debugging by Testing 蛮力纠错技术：Debugging by Brute Force 回归测试：Regression Testing 单元测试：Unit Testing 综合测试:Integration Testing 确认测试：Validation Testing 系统测试：System Testing 模块测试：Module Testing 高级测试:Higher order Testing 不可达的：Unreachable 办公桌检查:Desk Check 走查:Walk-Through 代码会审：Code Inspection 测试驱动模块：Test Driver 测试桩模块：Test Stub 群：Cluster 混合方式测试：Sandwich Testing 渐增式测试:Incremental Testing 非渐增式：Non-Incremental 配置复审：Configuration Review 测试终止标准:Test Completion Criteria基于线程的测试：Thread-Based Testing基于使用:Use—Based 基于构件的软件开发：Component Based Software Development ，CBSD领域工程:Domain Engineering 需求规约：Requirements Specification变体：Variant 组件对象模型,COM：Componet Object Model 对象链接与嵌入：Object Linking and Embedding 公共对象请求代理体系结构，CORBA:Common Object Request Broker Architecture 枚举分类:Enumerater Classification呈面分类:Faceted Classification属性-值分类：Attribute—Value Classification应用系统工程,ASE:Application System Engineering 完善性维护:Perfective Maintenance适应性维护:Adaptive Maintenance纠错性维护：Corrective Maintenance预防性维护：Preventive Maintenance结构化的翻新：Structured Retrofit可维护性：Maintainability 可理解性：Understandability 可修改性：Modifiability 可测试性:Testability 调用图：Call Graph 交差引用表：Cross—Reference Directory数据封装技术:Data Encapsulation维护申请单MRF：Maintenance Request Form 软件问题报告单SPR：Software Problem Report 软件修改报告单SCR: Software Change Report 修改控制组CCB：Change Control Board软件配置：Software Configuration版本控制库：Version Control Library 活动比:Activity Ratio 工作量调节因子EAF：Effort Adjustment Factor 软件再工程：Software Reengineering逆向工程：Reverse Engineering 重构：Restructure 演化性：Evolvability 问题定义：Problem Definition 系统目标与范围的说明：Statement of Scope and Objectives可行性研究：Feasibility Study 系统流程图：System Flowchart 成本－效益分析:Cost—Benifit Analysis风险识别：Risk Identification 风险预测：Risk Projection 风险估计：Risk Estimation 风险评价:Risk Assessment 估算模型:Estimation Model 资源模型：Resource Model 构造性成本模型:Constructive cost Model 组织：Organic 半独立：Semidetached 嵌入：Embeded 算法模型:Algorithmic Model 分类活动结构图WBS:Work Breakdown Structure 人员－时间权衡定律People—Time Trade-Off Law 无我小组:Egoless Team 主程序员小组：Chief—Programmer TeamPERT:Program Evaluation and Review Technique 关键路径：Critical Path 知识产权：Intellectual Property靠质量来管理:Management by Measurement质量保证：Quality Assurance 质量认证：Quality Certification质量检验：Quality Inspection 全面质量管理TQC：Total Quality Control质量体系：Quality System 计划—实施—检查-措施Plan-Do—Check-Action合格论证：Conformity Certification可靠性：Reliability 效率:Efficiency 运行工程：Human Engineering 正确性：Correctness 使用性：Usability 完整性：Integrity 可理解性：Understandability 可测试性：Testability 可修改性：Modifiability 可移植性：Portability 可维护性：Maintainability 可适应性:Flexibility 可重用性:Reusability 交互操作性：Interoperability 验证与确认：Verification and Validation ，V＆V 基线:Baselines 平均故障时间:Mean Time To Failure ，MTTF 错误传入：Error Seeding 冗余：Redundancy 容错:Fault Tolerance 公理化归纳断言法：Axio—Matic Inductive Assertion 循环不变式：Loop Invariant 能力成熟度模型：Capability Maturity Model 关键过程域:Key Process Area ，KPA关键实践：Key Practice 初始级：Initial 可重复级:Repeatable 已定义级:Defined 已管理级：Managed 优化级：Optimizing 主任评估师：Lead Assessor 极值程序设计:Extreme Programming自适应软件开发:Adaptive Software Development 轻载:Light weight 重载:Heavy Weight 返工:Rework 进度：Schedule 时间:Duration 成本：Cost 代码行LOC:Lines of Code 面向功能:Function—Oriented 面向规模: Size-Oriented 功能点：Function Points 权系数:Weighting Coefficient用户输入：User Input 用户输出: User Output 用户查询: User Inquirty 主文件处理:Master File 外部界面：External Interface TCF：Technical Complexity Factor 技术复杂性因子测度：Measurement 最终用户：End-User; 计算机辅助软件工程CASE:Computer Aided Software Engineering拉出：pull—out 下拉: pull-down 一致性:Unification 自动化：Automation 过程模型：Process Model 软件开发环境SDE：Software Development Environment 软件设计支持环境PSE:Programming Support Environment 集成化项目支持IPSE：Integrated Project Support Environment 集成化框架：Integration Framework 质量从头抓起：Quality from Beginning缺陷：Defect 变更请求:Change Request 功能扩充：Enhancement Request。