钢材种类和变形的基础知识教程文件
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
15
Strengthening mechanism
16
HSLA steel
17
Grades of HSLA steel in EU
18
Application of HSLA steel
19
Dual phase (DP) steel
20
EU steel grades
Comparison European steel grades (Mild steel, HSLA, Dual-Phase)
Basic Knowledge of Steel and Plastic Mechanics
基础钢和塑性变形知识
Contents
1. Steel
▪ Mechanical properties ▪ Worldwide steel grades ▪ Advanced high strength steel (AHSS)
Tensile strength; Y ield strength [M P a]
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
DC04 DD14 DC01 DD11
H240 LA
H280 LA
S315 MC
H320 LA
S355 MC
H360 LA
H400 LA
S420 MC
S460 MC
Not for new products
S500 MC
S550 MC
DP59 0/
DP60
DP78 0/
DP80
Rm max 350 400 410 440 450 480 510 530 550 600 620 620 650 700 760 700 900
wenku.baidu.com
Rm min. 270 270 270 270 340 370 390 400 430 430 460 480 510 550 600 600 780
2. 外力卸载后，弹性变形能够完全消失，而塑性变形不能消失。 3. 弹性变形和塑性变形的机理：材料原子之间的作用力平衡。 4. 位错(dislocation)理论。 5. 强化机制(work hardening mechanism)。
Dislocation movement
3
Uniaxial tensile test
5
Engineering stress-strain curve
6
Strength and Ductility
Strength parameters
Engineering stress Engineering strain
Ductility
Elongation Reduction of area
7
True stress-strain curve
True stress
True strain
8
Working hardening (strain hardening)
Strain hardening exponent (n-value)
9
Influence of strain-hardening exponent
Typical tensile test piece
GB/T228 金属材料室温拉伸试验方法 EN10002-1 Metallic materials - Tensile test - Part 1 : test
method (in ambient temperature)
4
Engineering stress-strain curve
12
Worldwide steel grades
13
Worldwide steel grades
14
Common steel types and evolving AHSS types
▪ Interstitial free (IF) steels ▪ Mild steels ▪ Bake hardenable (BH) steels ▪ Isotropic (IS) steels ▪ Carbon-manganese (CM) steels ▪ High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels ▪ Dual phase (DP) steels ▪ Transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels ▪ Complex phase (CP) steels ▪ Martensitic (Mart) steels
n3
n2
n1
10
Anisotropy (R-value)
Width strain: εw=ln(w/w0) Thickness strain: εt=ln(t/t0) R= εw/εt
Planar anisotropy ratio Normal plastic anisotropy ratio
11
Re min. 140 140 140 170 240 280 315 320 355 360 400 420 460 500 550 320 450
Re max. 210 330 280 360 310 360
410
460 500
400 550
Legend: Cold Rolled Hot Rolled Dual Phase cold rolled (values from ARCELOR)
Strain rate sensitivity
Strain rate Strain rate sensitivity exponent
Strain rate sensitivity has a crucial influence on the research of crash resistance and high-speed stamping formability.
2. Plastic mechanics
▪ Sheet deformation modes ▪ Forming limits ▪ Yield criteria
2
Introduction to elasticity and plasticity
1. 固体材料受外力作用产生变形，从变形开始到破坏一般要经历 两个阶段：弹性变形(elastic deformation)和塑性变形(plastic deformation)。
Strengthening mechanism
16
HSLA steel
17
Grades of HSLA steel in EU
18
Application of HSLA steel
19
Dual phase (DP) steel
20
EU steel grades
Comparison European steel grades (Mild steel, HSLA, Dual-Phase)
Basic Knowledge of Steel and Plastic Mechanics
基础钢和塑性变形知识
Contents
1. Steel
▪ Mechanical properties ▪ Worldwide steel grades ▪ Advanced high strength steel (AHSS)
Tensile strength; Y ield strength [M P a]
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
DC04 DD14 DC01 DD11
H240 LA
H280 LA
S315 MC
H320 LA
S355 MC
H360 LA
H400 LA
S420 MC
S460 MC
Not for new products
S500 MC
S550 MC
DP59 0/
DP60
DP78 0/
DP80
Rm max 350 400 410 440 450 480 510 530 550 600 620 620 650 700 760 700 900
wenku.baidu.com
Rm min. 270 270 270 270 340 370 390 400 430 430 460 480 510 550 600 600 780
2. 外力卸载后，弹性变形能够完全消失，而塑性变形不能消失。 3. 弹性变形和塑性变形的机理：材料原子之间的作用力平衡。 4. 位错(dislocation)理论。 5. 强化机制(work hardening mechanism)。
Dislocation movement
3
Uniaxial tensile test
5
Engineering stress-strain curve
6
Strength and Ductility
Strength parameters
Engineering stress Engineering strain
Ductility
Elongation Reduction of area
7
True stress-strain curve
True stress
True strain
8
Working hardening (strain hardening)
Strain hardening exponent (n-value)
9
Influence of strain-hardening exponent
Typical tensile test piece
GB/T228 金属材料室温拉伸试验方法 EN10002-1 Metallic materials - Tensile test - Part 1 : test
method (in ambient temperature)
4
Engineering stress-strain curve
12
Worldwide steel grades
13
Worldwide steel grades
14
Common steel types and evolving AHSS types
▪ Interstitial free (IF) steels ▪ Mild steels ▪ Bake hardenable (BH) steels ▪ Isotropic (IS) steels ▪ Carbon-manganese (CM) steels ▪ High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels ▪ Dual phase (DP) steels ▪ Transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels ▪ Complex phase (CP) steels ▪ Martensitic (Mart) steels
n3
n2
n1
10
Anisotropy (R-value)
Width strain: εw=ln(w/w0) Thickness strain: εt=ln(t/t0) R= εw/εt
Planar anisotropy ratio Normal plastic anisotropy ratio
11
Re min. 140 140 140 170 240 280 315 320 355 360 400 420 460 500 550 320 450
Re max. 210 330 280 360 310 360
410
460 500
400 550
Legend: Cold Rolled Hot Rolled Dual Phase cold rolled (values from ARCELOR)
Strain rate sensitivity
Strain rate Strain rate sensitivity exponent
Strain rate sensitivity has a crucial influence on the research of crash resistance and high-speed stamping formability.
2. Plastic mechanics
▪ Sheet deformation modes ▪ Forming limits ▪ Yield criteria
2
Introduction to elasticity and plasticity
1. 固体材料受外力作用产生变形，从变形开始到破坏一般要经历 两个阶段：弹性变形(elastic deformation)和塑性变形(plastic deformation)。