西安交大英语背诵教程文件
西安交通大学一般用什么英语教材
西安交通大学一般用什么英语教材西安交通大学一般使用的英语教材西安交通大学，坐落在中国古城西安，是一所历史悠久、享有盛誉的高等学府。
作为中国知名的综合性大学之一，西安交通大学注重培养学生的英语能力，为其提供了多种教材选择。
在西安交通大学，学生经常使用以下几种类型的英语教材。
一、主要教材1.《新编大学英语（第四版）》《新编大学英语》是西安交通大学最常用的英语教材之一，主要由英语教学研究中心编写。
该教材共分为4册，其中第一册主要讲解基础的语法、词汇和阅读理解等内容，逐渐增加难度。
通过多种教学方法和习题，帮助学生提高综合英语能力。
2.《大学英语（基础版）》《大学英语（基础版）》也是西安交通大学广泛采用的教材之一。
该教材分为4册，主要注重培养学生的听、说、读、写能力。
每册教材按照语言技能的不同层次进行设计，涵盖了大量的真实对话、文章和阅读材料，帮助学生提高英语综合应用能力。
二、辅助教材1.《大学英语（快读版）》《大学英语（快读版）》是西安交通大学提供给那些英语基础较好的学生的辅助教材。
这本教材侧重于培养学生的阅读能力，通过大量的阅读理解、词汇扩展和语法练习，帮助学生提高对英语文章的理解能力和阅读速度。
2.《大学英语（口语版）》除了书面英语的学习，西安交通大学也注重培养学生的口语表达能力。
《大学英语（口语版）》作为辅助教材，通过丰富的口语对话、情景演练和听力材料，帮助学生提高口语交流的流利度和准确性。
三、拓展教材除了以上主要和辅助教材，西安交通大学还鼓励学生使用拓展教材来提高英语水平。
1.外语学院教师编写的教材西安交通大学外语学院的教师们也编写了许多教材供学生选用。
这些教材内容包括学术英语、商务英语、跨文化交际等领域，学生可以根据自己的兴趣和需求选择相应的教材进行学习。
2.原版英语教材为了提高学生对英语语言的感知度和阅读能力，西安交通大学也鼓励学生自主选择原版英语教材进行学习。
这些教材包括经典的小说、杂志和学术著作，帮助学生提高阅读理解和词汇量。
最新年西安交通大学网络教育专升本入学考试《大学英语》复习资料及参考答案3
2011年西安交通大学网络教育专升本入学考试高复习资料及参考答案大学英语（三）Part I Sound RecognitionDirections:There are 4 words marked A), B), C) and D ) in each group.Choose the one which underlined part has a differentpronunciation from the other three, then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.1. A. nurse B. thirsty C. universe D. surprise2. A. belief B. niece C. field D. variety3. A. surprised B. pleased C. refused D. increased4. A. temperature B. change C. average D. surface5. A. construction B. coral C. cross D.modelPart II Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choosethe one that best complete the sentence, t hen mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.6. Last Sunday _____ had a picnic in Beihai Park.A. John, Mary and meB. John, I and MaryC. John, Mary and ID. I, John and Mary7. I know nothing about him _____ he is a teacher.A. besidesB. in additionC. except forD. except that8. You never told us why you were late for the party, _____?B. didn’t youC. had youD. did you A. weren’t you_____ to know the answer.9. He’ｓA. likelyB. probableC. maybeD. probably10. _____ I knew him better, I discovered that my impression had been right.A. WhichB. AsC. UntilD. Unless11. It isn’t quite_____ that he will he present at the meeting.A. certainB. sureC. rightD. exact12. He told her nothing, _____ upset her.A. thatB. for whichC. about whichD. which_____ it.13. It’s too expensive for me. I can’ｔA. spendB. costC. payD. afford14. Would you like me _____ the radio a bit?A. turning downB. to turn downC. turn downD. turneddown15. “I saw Mary in the library yesterday?” “You _____ her, she is still in hospital.” A. mustn’t have seenB. could not seeC. can’t have seenD. must not see16. ____ the south of Scotland is England, with London as its capital.A) On B) To C) In D) Of17. The first textbook ____ for teaching English as a foreign languagecame out in the 16th century.A) have written B) to be written C) being written D) written18. So many papers to ____, so much money to pay back.A) collect B) prove C) sign D) write19. In some parts of the world, tea ____ with milk and sugar.A) is serving B) is served C) serves D) served20. Here is my card. Let’s keep in ____.A) relation B) friendship C) connection D) touch21. With all work ____, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.A) to be done B) done C) to do D) doing22. You will find this map of great ____ in helping you to get roundLondon.A) price B) cost C) value D) usefulness23. These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them.A) that B) which C) whatever D) whichever24. She spoke in such a low voice that she could not make herself ____.A) hear B) heard C) to hear D) hearing25. I ____ English for five years now.A) was studying B) am studyingC) studied D) have been studyingPart III Reading comprehensionDirections: There are some passages i n this part. Each passage i s followed by some questions or unfinished statements. Foreach of them there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D).Choose the one that best complete the sentence, then markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a singleline through the center.Passage Oneowners feel that their dogs are their best friends. Almost Most dogs’everyone likes dogs because they try hard to please their owners. One ofmy favorite stories is about a dog who wanted his owners to please him.One of my friends has a large German shepherd named Jack. EverySunday afternoon, my friend takes Jack for a long walk in the park. Jacklikes these long walks very much.One Sunday afternoon, a young man came to visit my friend. Hestayed a long time and he talked and talked. Soon it was time for myfriend to take Jack for his walk, but the visitor didn’t leave. Jack very worried about his walk in the park. He walked around the roomseveral times and then sat down directly in front of the visitor and lookedat him, but the visitor paid no attention. He continued talking. FinallyJack couldn't stand i t any longer. He went out of the room and came backa few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the visitor, but this time.he held the man’s hat in his mouth36. The dogs in general _____.A) tried hard to please his owner like other dogsB) tried hard to like his ownerC) tried hard to make his owner happyD) tried hard to make his owner please him37. Jack was the name of _____.A) one of my friends B) a dogC) a German sheep D) a German38. The dog sat down directly in front of the visitor _____.A) to look at him clearly B) to frighten himC) to listen to his talking D) because h e wanted theman to leaveit”in the sentence “Jack couldn’t stand it any 39. What does the word “longer” refer to?A) His walking around the room several times.B) His sitting in front of the visitor.C) His owner's visitor's staying and talking.D) His walking in the park.40. Why did the dog hold the visitor’s hat in his mouth this time?A) Because he wanted to play with the hat.B) Because he wanted to remind the visitor that he should leave.C) Because he was a friendly dog.D) Because he was angry with his owner.Passage TwoA man stayed in his house as a flood engulfed his town. Two men ina rowboat came to his house and offered to take him to safety. “No, thank you,” said the man, “God will help me.”As the waters rose, the man retreated to the second storey of his house. Now, two men in a motorboat came by and offered to rescue him. Again, the man declined, saying, “No, thank you. God will help me.”As the waters rose still higher, the man retreated again to the rooftopof his house. A helicopter came by, and someone inside it threw down a rope, urging the man to grab it and he pulled up into the helicopter. Once more, the man declined and said, “No, thank you. God will help me.” Just then a mighty voice called out to the man, “You idiot! I sent you a rowboat, a motorboat and now a helicopter. What more do you want meto do?”26. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?A) A Man in Floods B) God Will Help MeC) A Town in Floods D) Different Ways to Help People out of Water27. Why didn’t the man enter the rowboat at first?A) Because he didn’t know the men in the boat.B) Because he thought he could retreat to a higher place.C) Because he was sure God would help him.D) Because he was sure he could take himself to safety.28. The underlined word “mighty” means _____.A) loud B) powerfulC) soft D) angry29. At the end of the passage, who called out to the man?A) The men in the rowboat.B) The men in the motorboat.C) Someone in the helicopter.D) God himself.30. What do you think of this man? He was _____.A) very faithful B) very stupidC) helpless D) uselessPassage ThreeWhen the TV viewer turns on his set, what sort of programs does he have to choose from? You might think there would be more programs devoted to entertainment than to anything else, but that’s not the case. In most countries, fewer than 20% of broadcasting hours are devoted to entertainment. U.S. figures are high—34.8%，and the fun loving Canadians are even higher with 44%. Except Canada and Italy, all countries give more broadcasting time to education than to either information (news, documentaries and so on) or entertainment programs. Of course, few educational broadcasts t ake place during peak viewing times. In Japan though, more than 60% of broadcasting time is taken up with education of one kind of another—just another example of thebusinesslike Japanese philosophy. In the U.K., the figure is 56.4%. The Italians have fewer educational programs than anyone else. They donin for entertainment either. Only about ten percent of viewing time is devoted to dramas and serials, quiz shows, music, sports, etc. You willfind more news information programs on Italian TV than anything else.That’s understandable in a country experiencing social and politicaland events are changes. Italians rely on TV to tell them what’s going on—happening almost too fast to follow. The percentage o f time the U.S. devoted to news and documentary programs is much smaller. After education, most TV time is given to entertainment. Many of these programs are shown around the world.41. Based on this passage, the percentage of TV broadcasting hoursdevoted to education is greatest in _______.A. JapanB. ItalyC. CanadaD. the United States42. More news information programs are broadcast on Italian TV thananywhere else because the Italians _______.A. are interested in what is happening in the worldB. like to undergo social and political changesC. prefer to learn news information on TV rather than in newspapersD. expect TV to tell them the latest news about what is going on intheir country43. So far as the broadcasting hours devoted to entertainment are concerned, _______.A. the Japanese figure is the highest in the worldB. the U. S. figure is smaller than the U.K. figureC. the U.K. figure is second to the Japanese figureD. the Canadian figure is higher than that of any other country44. From this passage, w e learn that most TV stations in the worlddevoted more broadcasting hours to _______.A. educational programsB. entertainment programsC. news information programsD. dramas, serials, music, sports and so on45. In the United States, _______.A. TV programs are shown for world audience to watchB. most of TV broadcasting hours are given to entertainmentC. educational programs are shown during peak viewing timesD. TV broadcasting hours devoted to education are more than thosedevoted to entertainmentPassage FourCopernicus was born in Torun, Poland, on February 19, 1473. Little is known about his early life except that his father died when he was 10. An uncle adopted him, his two sisters, and his brother. The uncle saw to itthat the two boys received a good education. Copernicus went to the University of Cracow. There he studied such subjects as Latin, mathematics, and astronomy. It was probably at that time that he changed his Polish name, Niklas Koppernigk, to the Latin form of Nicolaus Copernicus. In 1496 Copernicus went to Italy, where he spent the next 10 years studying at various universities.In Copernicus time people still believed that all things—the sun, the stars, and the planets—moved around the earth. It was an old belief that few men had ever questioned. Aristotle had based his theory of astronomy on this belief. Because the Church had long been the center of learning, the theory was also linked to religious beliefs.In 1506 Copernicus returned to his homeland. A few years later he began to work for the Church. All those years Copernicus carried on his work in astronomy. He had just the most basic equipment and, like other scientists of his day, made observations with only his eyes. Still, using mathematics and logic, Copernicus worked out a different theory, which held that the planets went around the sun.Copernicus did not announce his ideas. He did not want to make trouble. But he could not hide the scientific truth. So he talked about his theory with his friends, who strongly advised him to have his work published. His great book, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies, appeared at the very end of his life. Copernicus saw the first copy on theday he died, May 24, 1543.31. Which of the following is TRUE about Copernicus？A. He had two brothers and a sister.B. He used to be called Niklas Koppernigk.C. He lost his father soon after he was born.D. He spent 10 years at the University of Cracow.32. From the passage we can see that Astronomy is ______.A. the life experience of great menB. the movement of the stars and the planetsC. the scientific study of natural objects in spaceD. the theories developed by scientists of old times33. Copernicus developed his theory ______.A. using various telescopesB. based on Aristotle’s beliefsC. through observations and reasoningD. under the encouragement of his friends34. The writer of the passage wants us to know that ______.A. Copernicus did not tell about his discovery until the day of his deathB. for many years Copernicus dared to do nothing openly against the ChurchC. pushed by his friends Copernicus decided to write a book in May1543D. shortly before he got back to Poland Copernicus started to work for the Church35. Copernicus had his great book published because ______.A. he didn’t agree with AristotleB. he could not hide the scientific truthC. he worked for the churchD. his friends advised him to do soPart IV ClozeDirections:In this part, you are required to read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer from the 4 choicesmarked A), B), C) and D) . Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet.Young people and older people do not always _46_. They always have different ideas about living, working, and playing. But in one special program in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in _47_.Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks _48_ members of a special group. Everyone works several hours each day. The aim is not just to keep busy. It is to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on farms near the village. Some learn to make furniture and to build houses. The _49_teach them these skills.There are several _50_ hours each day. Weekends are free too. During the hours some of the teenagers learn photography or painting. Others sit around and talk or sing. Each teenager chooses his own way to _51_ his free time.When people live together, rules are always _52_. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone _53_ a rule, the problem goes before the whole group in order to be solved. They asked, “Why did it happen? _54_ should we do about it?”One of the teenagers has this to say about the experience: “You stop thinking only about yourself. You learn how to think about the _55_.”46. A) scold B) fight C) quarrel D)agree47. A) quarrel B) struggle C) argument D) peace48. A) like B) as C) with D) for49. A) farmers B) workers C) teenagers D) adults50. A) free B) busy C) working D) studying51. A) take B) waste C) kill D) spend52. A) unimportant B) important C) necessary D)useless53. A) makes B) follows C) breaks D) keeps54. A) When B) What C) How D) Where55. A) teenagers B) adults C) yourself D) group答案DDDBA CDDAB ADDBC BDCBD ACCBDCBDCB BCBDB ADDAD BCCBD DDBDADCCBD。
西安交通大学-西迁历史纪念馆_英文讲稿
Jiaotong University Histroy MusemWritten by YYoung Hello,everyone , welcome to Xi’an Jiao tong universit—an old university with glorious tradition and education heritage . Then it would be my honour to introduce our school’s histroy and development processGateThis is the gate of N.Y.C in the 1890s. u can touch it , as u can feel , in 1890s the material was also made of this material .First part: Histroy of Jiaotong UniversityPlz follow me to come to the first part , here we mainly introduce the establishment of our school. N.Y.C was set up in 1896 and lasted to 1904 . Here in 1928 the college changed its name into Jiao tong university bc of the Northern Expedition , and it broke away from the Transportation Department since it no longer existed . And at that time the location was in still in Shang hai .Not unitil 1956 did our school become independent and was called ―Xi’an Jiaotong University.Here it showes u the changes , as time is limited , I just pick out something important to say: at first Jiaotong university was made up of 3 parts : Tang shan mainly for civil engineering , which is now xi’nanjiaotong University ; Shang hai—Electric engineering ,machinary,and Transportation Management; and another one is in Beijing which later became Beijing Jiaotong University .part 2: The founders and presidentsCome here plz and u’ll know sth about our main presidents .esp. someone like He Sicun , T ang Wenzhi, Cai Y uanpei and so onHere are some other things e.g. this is the seal , our school badge, the alumni association , school motto , our school song.School emblem/badge: this is the original form our the school emblem as it appears on the tilte page of the 1904 yearbook, this one is in 1915 .And these two were designed by two student then . As you can see there is a shield, the same as the badge of Harvard and Y ale. It represents loyalty and the willing of serving the people .and that school emblem prior 1926 ,and then Jan. 1926 , this one is formally adopted . and this is the current one There thread-bound books means Chinese traditional culture and the books stand there represent western culture. And the scale means the balance between these two kinds of culture. And 1896 stand for the establishment of the University.School song : this is the school song of N.Y.C . then prior to 1917 , and that is the suggestion from Zhang Tianjin regarding ―the school song --->‖1928 ,Oct.--> the school song in English . This is the schoolsong music composed by Xiao Y oumei. And that is the official letter from then president Lizhaohuan ,dated March 22, inviting Xiao Y ou mei to compose music for school song . and the lyrics hereThe title of the song means becoming the light of the world, that is to say , hoping Jiao tong Uni can be a world-famous university. Now we are still going for itAnd this is the S chool’s code of ethics written by Lu Dingyi in September 1985The school motto appeared in the publication ―A Short History of Jiaotong University‖ published in June 1993An original appraisal of Nanyang Public College appearing in ―A History of the Qing Dynasty‖Main figuresPic：there are the main presidents before the Republic China .As u can see the person who found the N.Y.C ,and the first president ,and there are also some other important ones like Ling Hong xun ,he establish Xinzu Jiatong Uni in T aiwan.Sun Ke, his father Sun Zhongshan, is the pioneer in Chinese democratic revolution .And Cai Y uanpei, the famous educator,We will introduce them to you soon .Sheng xuande: born in wujin,Jiangsu province , he’s an eminent industrialist. Here is his letter for requesting funds from China steamship Merchant on behalf of Nan yang college(N.Y.C) .But he wasn't the first president of N.Y.C because he was quite busy as he was the third_ranking in Qing government .He sicun:from the same place as Sheng, in fact sheng promoted him :) and was appointed the first chanceller in 1896. And he was the third ranking in Qing Government at that time . and he wrote the school charter in 1897And sheng even proposed to Qing government to include He si cun’s biograghy to the National Archive.Zhang Jiyuan: born in Haiyan ,Zhejiang province, entered Qing Government after succeed in the highest level exam during the regin of Guangxu, and was responsible for international affairs .Cai Yuanpei(1868-1940), born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province; well-known democratic revolutionist, educator and scientist, becamethe president of Jiaotong University in February, 15,1928. But mainly in his life, he is well know since he is the president of Peking University This is an article by Cai Y uanpei included in ―The 40th Anniversary Magazine of Jiaotong University‖ in 1936Tang Wenzhi: he is an eminent educator and scholar of Chinese culture, was the President of Jiaotong University for 14 years from 1907 to 1920.He is really a respectable person. It is he who make Jiaotong Uni become famous for science all over the country. As u know the original wishes of Sheng Xuanhua is to build a Uni good at bussiness or foreign language. He is also very devoted,he gave students on Chinese traditional culture every weekend, even after his retirement he often went around the campus and saw how things were going.So in view of his contribution to the University we now have Tang Wenzhi scholarship ,right name after him :)In 1915, T ang Wenzhi was awarded the Medal of Honor at the Panama-Pacific International ExpositionAnd this is The record of the alumni attending the 30th anniversary celebration of Nanyang Public College (written by T ang Wenzhi)And in 1913 Tang drafted the national anthem of the Republic of ChinaYe Gongchuo born in Panyu, Guangdong Province; statesman, educator and calligrapher, became president of Jiaotong University in 1921. It was during his presidency that the name of the school was changed to ―Jiaotong University.‖And this is his sealThis pic shows the dedication of ―Gongchuo Hall‖ in 1947 in honor of President Y e Gongchuo.Since he’s good at literature , he wrote many books such as ―Collected Essays‖―Short essays in spare time‖ and this is the Collection of calligraphy and drawings by Mr. Y e GongzhuoLi ZhaoHuan: Although we can hardly give him some exact comments on him but one thing that is certain is that his contribution that he brought in MIT education system. It is because of this measure, students at that time can be admitted by MIT easily , much easier than today :)Here we come to another very important finger In school’s history—Pengkang, who was appointed by chairman Mao in 1952 ,and later in 1962 Premier Zhou Enlai reappointed him as the president ,and during his time Jiaotong university moved to the west.And this is an article commemorating him on our school magazine in 2001Memorial to the throne to authorize the universityHere Sheng xuande asked the government’s agreement on the establishment of Nangyang public College and Dacheng Hall . and here he said a modern school should be allowed to waive 2 examinations .And here is the moemrial to the throne by the Ministry of Post and Transportation concerning the appointment of a high official to supervise Shanghai schools of higher education. And this is Memorial to the throne by the Ministry of Academic Affairs on rewarding studentsAnd these pages are for the charter of Nangyang College ,some simple rules have already formed at that time ,sth like : stand up when the teacher enters , no smoking, no drinking and so on , these rules are still used nowadaysThere is a substantial collection of documents concerning teaching and research during the early period of the university’s history. Only a small selection of these is on display here. They include: minutes of the firstadministrative meeting of Nanyang Public College, student transcripts, compiled teaching materials, translated text books, and other documents. These materials provide a glimpse into the activities and accomplishments of the university at that time.These are the prizes these students won bc of the excellent assignment : Gold Medal from the 1904 St. Louis World’s FairAfter u see their assignment ,u will be shocked ,and see why they can get an international prize simply because of homework !Prizes awarded to our students’ projects at the World’s Fair held in Turin, Italy, in 1911the first prize awarded to our student s’pro jects at the Panama International Exposition in 1915.And this is the diploma ,resumes, conduction of a survey in1913, mentalworking factory in 1929,general chemistry laboratory in 1929, students doing practicum on automatic telephoning in1930….. much …remarks to graduates ..Jiaotong Female Students :Jiaotong University admitted female students in 1927 though not the earliest, still among the earily ones . However, at that time few female students can be admitted, with the result that in 1931 there were only 18 female students. But they all did quite a good job since they arestrong-willed ,intelligent and delicated . and they won several prizes at home or abroad and demonstrated a particular talent esp. in English public Speaking and Debating , and sports too. This is the photo of the famale volleyball team. To people’s surprise, the gold mental winners are all female students in our schools’ competition. In addition , among the very few female postgraduates in the period before the establishment of New China, there were two from Jiaotong University. They were Yi Xiaodong and Xia Peisu. Xia Peisu, studied at the Industry Institute from 1945 and 1947, and is now an academician and a doctoral advisor in the Computer Science Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. She is one of the pioneers of computer science and technology in China.PICS : there are the 18 female studentsFemale volleyball team in 1931Famous formal students of Jiaotong UniversityQian Xuesen (Chien Hsue-Sen) (1911- ), distinguished contemporary Chinese scientist; born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province; graduated in 1934 from the School of Mechanical Engineering of Jiaotong University; went the next year to the United States to pursue furtherstudy. In October 1955, overcoming numerous obstacles, Qian Xuesen returned to his homeland where he has worked with great success in the areas of applied mechanics, jet propulsion technology, aerodynamics and engineering cybernetics. He has made major contributions to the development of the Chinese rocket, guided missile and aerospace industries. He has received the Nation's Outstanding Scientist award and a national medal for meritorious service. He was named honorary Vice Chairman of the 6 th and 7th National Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conferences, and also served as a delegate at the 4th and 5th National People’s Congresses and as Chairman and Honorary Chairman of the Chinese Association of Science and Technology. He has been hailed as "the father of the Chinese missile" and as the "People's scientist".Jiang Zemin (1926-), born in Y angzhou, Jiangsu Province. He joined the CPC in April 1946 and graduated from the Electrical Engineering Department of Jiaotong University in 1947. He served as general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the People's Republic of China and Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China. He returned to his alma mater three times, in 1989, 1993 and 2002.Lu Dingyi (1906-1996), born in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province; outstanding revolutionary leader of the Communist Party of China; graduated from the Electrical Engineering Department of Jiaotong University in 1926; made significant contributions to the development of public media and to the dissemination of the Party’s policies; served as Vice Premier of the State Council, Alternate Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Secretary of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of the Central Publicity Ministry.Some others :Xu GuoZhang: at first there were not enough books for students in China to study English ,so later Mr Xu published several books which guide students to study English well , and these books are still in use in recent yrs . they are really classicsZhou Jian nan: the father of Zhou xiao chuan . Wu Wenjun : a famous specialist in the field of mathmaticsInternational exchanges :Nanyang Public College, with an educational philosophy which combined Chinese fundamental learning with western practicallearning (Science and technology), and sought to introduce the western model of education, and to develop a new type of profesional. To this end, it cultivated frequent contacts with foreign countries and foreign cultures, which in turn exercised a strong influence on the institution.Ferguson (1866-1945), was an American missionary from Massachusetts, who adopted the Chinese name Fu Maosheng. After his graduation from Boston University, he came to China to do missionary work. He had once served as the Dean of the Nanjing Huiwen College and was an advisor to Sheng Xuanhuai, Zhang Zhidong, Y uan Shikai, Xu Shichang, and a number of other politicians and warlords of the period. He also worked in journalism; he founded several newspapers in Shanghai, including ―The Gazette‖and the ―Shanghai Times,‖ and became something of a celebrity in China’s modern newspaper society. From 1897 to 1901, he served as the Dean of the Nanyang Public College. As such, he participated in the selection o f the school’s site, and the design of its teaching buildings; he also recommended the employment of a number of foreign teachers, and participated actively in the administration of the school, where he introduced a number of advanced management techniques which had been developed abroad. In 1902, he was named Secretary-General of the National Railway Company by Sheng XuanhuaiI have to mention that at that time foreign teachers get very high salary just like they do today . During that period , Ferguson is the vice-president ,but he got 350 per month ,but the president ,u know the first one ,He Sicun got only 100 per month .At that time many subjects ,like mathematics ,physics ,chemistry ,biology and so on were all taught by foreigners .A group of students who had been named receipients of nationalscholarships to study in the U.S. (1916)Photo – this is the photo – T ang Zhiwen with the school football .. at that time football looks more like basketball, don’t misunderstand the N.Y.C doesn’t stand 4 New Y ork City, it means Nang Y ang College ☺The process of the move ☺For some compicated reasons ,the party decide to move Jiaotong university from Shanghai to Xi’an . in fact at first there were 3 choices :Xi’an. Lan zhou and Luoyang But after some exploration Xi’an became the best choice.Step 1: propose the move entire Jiaotong University west ;Step 2 ; suggest moving the main part west, and only leave some department concerning ship ,sea in shanghai; step 3 : decide to establish 2 independent universitiesHere are some files ---this is the Ministry of Higher Education’s plan for the move ;he decision on relocation by the Administrative Affairs Committee of Jiaotong University, as reported in JIAO DA (newspaper) on June 11, 1955Ministry of Higher Education directive concerning the move of coastal universities to the inland region in accordance with Central Government policyThe front-page of JIAO DA on June 11, 1955―Plan for Moving Jiaotong University (Summary)‖ from JIAO DA, June 11, 1955―Mr. Lin Feng’s report to the Central Committee at the meeting concerning cultural and educational affairs for the year of 1955‖ (July 12, 1955)―O n the relocation of Jiaotong Universit y‖-- an urgent telegraphic message sent by the Municipal Party Committee of Shanghai (June 27, 1956)Proposal submitted to the State Council and Premier Zhou Enlai by Y ang Xiufeng, the Party Secretary of the Ministry of Higher Education (July 3, 1956)Benefit or not ? ---Argumentsin fact for this move, there existed lots of argument since lots of people don’t thing this kind of action will bring any good . Here are some news : JIAO DA (May 15, 1957): Student representatives expressing their opinions on the move at the second meeting of the 10th session of the Student UnionJIAO DA (March 15th, 1957): Students writing and reading posters concerning the moveJIAO DA (March 25，1957): Opinions concerning the move to the west Peoples’D aily (June 19, 1957): Y ang Xiufeng, the Minister of Higher Education, presents the views of Premier Zhou Enlai on the move of Jiaotong University at a talk in ShanghaiJiefang Daily (June 23, 1957): Jiaotong University is committed to the development of the northwestJIAO DA (June 24, 1957, supplement): President Peng Kang’s personal opinion on the university’s move --- of course he supports the move Qian Xuesen’s letter: Letter supporting the move from Professor QianXuesen (Chien Hsue-Sen), an alumnus of Jiaotong University and the director of the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Science Xi’an Daily (June 25,1957): The First Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee of Shanghai proposes that the entire university be moved to Xi’an.Xi’an Daily (June 26, 1957): The majority of the faculty and staff of the Xi’an campus of Jiaotong University agree that the entire university should be moved to Xi’an.Letter from Guo Moruo, Director of the Chinese Academy of Science, urging that the university in its entirety be moved to Xi’anXi’an Daily (June 28, 1957): Joint meeting of the presidents of university student associations in Xi’an endorses the move of the entire university to Xi’an.Guangming Daily(July 2, 1957):Jiaotong University decides to establish two campuses, one in Xi’an and one in Shanghai,under a single leadership.T he State Council’s official approval of the plan to move Jiaotong University to Xi’anIndependent:For the convenince of management ,the State Council’s official recognize Shanghai Jiaotong University and Xi’an Jiaotong University as two independent universities (July 31, 1959);here is The Ministry of Education’s report on the proposal to establish Shanghai Jiaotong University and Xi’an Jiaotong University as two independent universities (June 2, 1959).And our school is renamed Xi’an Jiaotong University , this is the news appeared on Jiao DA;This is Official authorization to use the new ―X i’an Jiaotong University‖ sealCampus construction: Something new each dayThis is a photo of President Peng Kang, Ren Menglin (Director of Facilities Management), Vice Dean Zhu Wuhua, Professor Zhou Zhihong, and Professor Zhong Zhaolin they were visiting the site of the university’s future campus (May, 1955)And this series of photo shows the construction of the new campus ;This is an article on JiaoDa saying that a group of shops relocated from Shanghai open their doors for business on September 26, 1956 Working non-stop on the new Mechanical Engineering building;JIAO DA (June 11, 1956): The campus landscaping work is about tobegin.New campus under construction (1956)This is the campus scene;Campus Gate :The campus Gate in 1957—the north gate ;A view of central ;The new school gate with the original sign reading ―Jiaotong University‖ (1957)The University’s Great Relocation:Announce the names of the first group of staff members to be relocated from Shanghai to X i’an;Began to move factory facilities and classroom equipment west;And this is the photo of the teachers and staff of the Division of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Drawing of the School of Ship Building in June 1956;Photo of the staff of the University kindergarten before the move to Xi’an in June, 1956)JIAO DA on Jun.25, 1956 reported about the first group of family members arrive in X i’an.;Photo of The staff of the Financial Office before the move in June 1956. Then we come to a very interesting activity-- A long distance race symbolizing the trip from Shanghai to Xi’an on June,9th ,1956. Though it’s just an imaginary activity but people didn’t shorten the distance ,the real distance reached ______ km, and every classAnother report from JIAO DA : More than one thousand tons of teaching materials and equipment transported to Xi’an and Chengdu ; The office of the Jiaotong University newspaper - JIAO DA – is moved from Shanghai to Xi’an; the Shanghai campus continues to produce a regular supplement for the newspaper. (From the JIAO DA supplement of September 26, 1956)Opening ceremony for the 1956-57 academic year -- the first taking place in Xi’an in September, 1956. It was held in Cao Peng since at that time school didn’t have a place that can hold so many people . and in fact A grand ceremony to celebrate the beginning of the new academic year is held in the Xi’an’s Great Hall of the People. (September, 1956)And these newspapare shows that Jiaoda have the confidence in this making the move successful ,they swear to make the valueableinstruments and equipment arrive in xi’an safely ;And this is Xi’an campus preparing to celebrate the 61st anniversary of Jiaotong University (1957);Views :Students’dormitory on the new campus; the classroom building on the new campus; Outside the dormitory for teachers and staff on the new campus –all taken in 1956.Details in school life – remind u of the past ~!Registration card of alumnus Hong Xinghua;Diploma awarded to the first graduating class of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityLetter of admission to Jiaotong University sent to alumnus Hong Xinghua (August 10, 1956)Meal tickets distributed by the Food Service Department of the university in September, 1956bus pass (verso, September 2, 1956)Envelope originally containing Hong Xinghua’s admission letter (recto, September 5, 1956)the expectations and concerns of the university’s leardershipMinister of Higher Education Y ang Xiufeng on an official visit to the Xi’an campus. (October 20, 1956)Provincial Party Committee member Zhao Shouyi speaking on campus Comrade Xi Zhongxun visits the ―red experts‖ exhibition. (JIAO DA, August 31, 1958)Vice-Premier Xi Zhongxun (first from the left) visiting the science exhibition hall during an inspection tour of the campus (From 1959 Jiaotong University Yearbook)Mr. Lu Dingyi, accompanied by President Peng Kang, touring the campus on November 5, 1958Lu Dingyi’s inspection report (JIAO DA, November 12, 1958)Lu Dingyi, Vice-Premier and alternate member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (first from the left) on a supervisory inspection tour of the campus (from 1959 Jiaotong University Y earbook) Qian Xuesen (Chien Hsue-Sen) (first from right) meeting informally with faculty members and students (September 19, 1959)Qian Xuesen (front left), accompanied by Vice-President Su Zhuang (front right), visiting his alma materCampus visit by Comrade Lu Dingyi (JIAO DA, November 6, 1958)Alumnus Qian Xuesen visits the campus. (JIAO DA, September 23, 1959) Strong support for local industry and agricultureSupport for the economic development of Y an'an (JIAO DA, July 31, 1958) Visiting the exhibition (JIAO DA, August 4, 1958)Supporting the iron and steel industry in Shangluo (JIAO DA, August 14, 1958)Annual meeting of model workers and model production units (1958 Rushing to visit Chairman Mao’s former residence (JIAO DA, August 25, 1958)Rushing to visit Chairman Mao’s former reside nce (JIAO DA, August 25, 1958)Collaborating with workers on oil and gas production research (1958) Teachers from the Department of Mechanical Engineering working on designs for a boiler factory in Xi’an (July 1958)Students from the XJTU Deparment of Hydraulic Engineering doing a water survey at Y ulin (1958)The second group of ―sent down‖ cadres at Y an’an (June 1959)―Sent down‖ cadres from XJTU participating in collective labor at Guaimao and Y anhui, villages near Y an’an (1958)The Central Committee of the Communist Y outh League commending the university Y outh League for advancing the cause of socialism (November, 1958)Leaders of university-supported rural production teams presenting award banners (1958)Working in Y an'an at the time of the ―Great Leap F orward‖H onor roll of members of the first group of ―sent down‖ cadres posted outside the university’s Administration Building （1958）Scientific research at the Three Gorges: Studying a ship elevator (1959 Y earbook)Administrative and academic structuresA listing of the university’s majors (University Catalog, 1958)Training professionalsDistinguished TeachersAdministration and service。
西交大-硕士英语综合教程2译文
硕士综合英语教程2Unit 1成功机构，以人为本“我们公司的经营模式是公司和每一位员工共同成功，绝不落下任何人，这也是成功经营一个企业的典范……”——霍华德·舒尔茨1.英特尔公司奉行它。
微软、摩托罗拉、戈尔、西南航空公司、班杰瑞、惠普、林肯电气以及星巴克也都奉行它。
它是什么？它就是这些公司所奉行的“以人为本”的策略。
2.越来越多的例子证明，成功的组织都是以人为本的。
为什么？因为精明的经理人们已经认识到他们企业的员工才是它们唯一真正的竞争优势。
竞争者可以在产品、工艺、选址、销售渠道等诸多方面与其不相上下，但却很难效仿的是拥有一支由专业素质高和工作动机强的人组成的劳动力队伍。
几乎在所有的行业，那些成功的公司之所以超越它们的对手们，主要的区别就在于他们所能够得到和留住想要的人。
3.哪些做法才能区分以人为本的公司呢？我们至少可以列出四条：第一，它们重视文化的多样性。
它们根据年龄、性别和种族积极寻求一支多元化的员工队伍。
第二，它们具有家庭氛围。
公司通过为其员工提供灵活的工作时间以及现场托儿服务设施等帮助员工平衡工作和个人职责之间的关系。
第三，它们对员工培训进行投资。
这些公司花费巨资以确保员工的技能水平始终保持最新状态。
这不仅确保员工可以处理该公司的最新技术和工艺，而且还使这样的员工极具市场竞争力。
第四，以人为本的公司将权力下放给员工。
它们将权力和义务下放到公司的最底层。
4.那些奉行以人为本的组织拥有一支更敬业、更忠诚的工作团队。
因而这样的团队精神转化成了高生产率和工作满意度。
这些员工会愿意做出更大的努力——为了准确彻底地完成他们的工作，他们会全力以赴。
我们来看一看其中的一个因奉行“以人为本”而取得成功的公司：星巴克。
星巴克的卓越成就5.让你在咖啡中醒来！——星巴克无处不在。
作为世界首屈一指的专业咖啡零售商，星巴克在世界上30多个国家开设和授权开设了8000多家咖啡店。
这些咖啡店销售各种各样的咖啡饮品、食物、咖啡及咖啡用品。
生英语综合教程1(西交大)部分课文翻译
硕士综合英语教程1参考译文Unit 1创建低碳经济概述1. 对于主要由人类活动而迅速积累的温室气体引发了全球变暖这一事实，没有人再持有异议。
除非我们协同一致，快速转向低碳经济，否则全球变暖的趋势将会愈演愈烈。
这一危机日益彰显逼近。
正如获得2007年诺贝尔和平奖的联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）主席拉金德拉?帕乔里所声称的：“如果在2012年之前我们还没有采取行动，那就为时已晚了。
我们在未来两到三年中的所作所为将决定我们的未来。
这是决定性的时刻。
”2. 同工业化前的水平相比，地球平均温度已经上升了0.8摄氏度（1.4华氏度左右），速度为自1975年以来每十年增加0.2摄氏度；如果我们仍然一意孤行，那么温度还会继续发生永久性的变化。
这种温度变化听起来似乎不大，但事实并非如此。
最后一个冰河时代时的全球平均气温不过比现今低约5.4摄氏度（9.7华氏度）。
3. 很多权威的气候学家们都曾发出过这样的警告：如果我们现在的温度超过工业化前2摄氏度（3.6华氏度）的话，我们将会迈进一个危险的未知国度。
没有人能知道到底全球变暖具体达到多少度会变得无法控制，并且造成像干旱、洪水、飓风以及热浪等自然灾害的逐渐恶化，造成诸如格陵兰岛或西南极洲大冰原坍塌以及伴随的全球海平面上升等意外的灾难性变化。
但是我们还依然在我们唯一的家园上不断做着危险而又不受约束的尝试，这也是为什么越来越多的年轻人开始将气候变化视为他们这一代人的一项挑战。
4. 《华盛顿邮报》4月刊报导到：“对于许多儿童和青年而言，全球气候变暖无异于当今的原子弹。
对于环境危机的担忧正影响着这一代人，正如经济大萧条、第二次世界大战、越南战争和冷战等等挥之不去的‘战争游戏’影响了20世纪的灵魂一样。
”5. 有些可怕的预测可能并不会发生，但考虑到那些最优秀的科学家们发出的警告，如果我们再冒险尝试将是极不负责任的做法。
科学家告诉我们，如果我们不尽快采取行动，想要避免全球变暖引发的最严重恶果则为时晚矣。
陕西省西安交大阳光中学高中英语 Unit 1 Festivals ar
Unit 1 Festivals around the world第课时课题名称时间第周星期课型Words and expressions主备课人目标1. Learn some useful words and expressions in this whole unit.: beauty, harvest, celebration, starve, religious, ancestor, belief, gain, independence, gather, agriculture, award, admire, energetic, custom, permission, apologize, obvious, arrival, feast.2. Study the pronunciation of the key words.3. Preview the whole unit.重点To get familiar with the pronunciation and meaning of key words and expressions. 二次备课难点How to distinguish pronunciations and key words freely.自主学习学习方法指导：第一步：写出所给单词的音标；第二步：大声朗读三遍，注意画线字母的发音；第三步：依次写出画线字母的音标。
从单词表找出下列词汇的音标，并熟读。
注意画线字母的发音。
harvest［］origin［］religious［］ancestor［］feast［］belief ［］gather［］a gricu lture［］award［］admire［］fool［］obvious［］依次写出上面单词画线字母的音标：［］［］［］［］［］［］［］［］［］［］［］［］问题生成记录：精讲互动Warming up1.美 ____________2.丰收 ______________3. 月饼_____________ 1.发生 __________ 2.另外三个 ____________ 3.不同节日 ____________4.秋天 __________5. 圆月_______________Reading1. 庆祝____________2. 挨饿______________3. 起源______________4. 宗教的 _________5. 祖先 _____________6. 信仰______________7. 诗人____________10.独立 __________8. 抵达______________11.聚集_______________9. 获得_________________12.奖品______________ 1.纪念,追念________2.盛装,打扮_____________3.搞恶作剧______________4.期望,期待________5.日夜,整天_____________6. 好像_________________7.玩得开心_________10.纪念死者________13.赏月____________8.对—有害___________11.以---形式_____________9.扫墓__________________12.聚会________________15.压岁钱_______________14.由---覆盖_____________Using language1.出现,到场_______2.守信用______________3. 屏息,屏气____________4.道歉____________ 7.提醒____________5.明显的_______________8.用---消愁____________6.出发,使爆炸_______9.擦桌子_______________词汇拓展：1. beauty (adj.)___________ 6.admire (n.)______________2. starve (n..)______________ 7.energy (adj)______________3. season（adj.）____________ 8.permission (v.)____________4.belief (v.)_____________ 9.apologize (n.)_____________5. arrive (n.)_____________达标训练任务一：选出与所给词划线部分发音相同的单词。
硕士英语综合教程参考答案 西安交大出版社 李欣 游建荣
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b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
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2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
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3. Close
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4. Translation a. Chinese to English
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2) Translate the following paragraphs into English.
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使用说明
因为考试要求只有unit 1、3、4、6、7、8、 9 因此下附以下单元答案。其他单元不讲也 不考
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精品资料
你怎么称呼老师？
如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你是 否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？
你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ 教师的教鞭
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2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
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Text B a.
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西安交通大学校内英语教材
西安交通大学校内英语教材West Transportation University English CoursebookIntroduction:The English coursebook for West Transportation University is designed to provide comprehensive language instruction to students in order to enhance their English proficiency. This coursebook covers a wide range of topics, including grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, speaking, and listening skills. With its user-friendly layout and engaging content, it aims to facilitate effective language learning and communication.Chapter 1: GrammarIn this chapter, students will explore various grammatical concepts and structures. Topics include verb tenses, sentence structure, parts of speech, and punctuation. Each topic is presented in a clear and concise manner, accompanied by abundant examples and exercises to reinforce understanding and application.Chapter 2: VocabularyThis chapter focuses on expanding students' vocabulary repertoire. It introduces essential words and phrases related to different subjects and daily life situations. To facilitate learning, vocabulary is presented in thematic units, with definitions, synonyms, antonyms, and example sentences provided. Furthermore, exercises and activities are incorporated to help consolidate and reinforce the newly learned words.Chapter 3: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section aims to improve students' understanding of written texts. Various genres, such as news articles, academic essays, and literary excerpts, are included to expose students to different writing styles. The texts are followed by comprehension questions and exercises to assess understanding, promote critical thinking, and enhance reading skills.Chapter 4: SpeakingThis chapter focuses on developing students' oral communication skills. It covers topics such as pronunciation, intonation, making presentations, and engaging in conversations. Through interactive activities, role-plays, and discussions, students are encouraged to communicate in English and gain confidence in expressing their ideas fluently.Chapter 5: ListeningThe listening section aims to improve students' listening comprehension abilities. Authentic audio materials, such as interviews, dialogues, and lectures, are included to expose students to various accents and speech patterns. Comprehension questions, dictations, and other exercises are provided to enhance listening skills and foster better understanding of spoken English.Chapter 6: WritingThe writing section focuses on developing students' writing skills for different purposes and genres. It covers topics like essay writing, email communication, and formal letters. Students are guided through the writing process, including brainstorming, organizing ideas, and proofreading.Additionally, grammar and vocabulary exercises are integrated to enhance writing proficiency.Conclusion:The West Transportation University English coursebook is a comprehensive and well-structured resource for students aiming to improve their English language proficiency. Its diverse range of topics and interactive exercises cater to different learning styles and needs. With consistent practice and guidance, students can develop their language skills, enabling effective communication in both academic and professional settings.。
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西安交大英语背诵1. Companionship of BooksSamuel SmilesA man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness; amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.Men often discover their affinity to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, ‘Love me, love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this:” Love me, love my book.” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.通常看一个读些什么书就可知道他的为人，就像看他同什么人交往就可知道他的为人一样，因为有人以人为伴，也有人以书为伴。
无论是书友还是朋友，我们都应该以最好的为伴。
好书就像是你最好的朋友。
它始终不渝，过去如此，现在如此，将来也永远不变。
它是最有耐心，最令人愉悦的伴侣。
在我们穷愁潦倒，临危遭难时，它也不会抛弃我们，对我们总是一如既往地亲切。
在我们年轻时，好书陶冶我们的性情，增长我们的知识；到我们年老时，它又给我们以慰藉和勉励。
人们常常因为喜欢同一本书而结为知已，就像有时两个人因为敬慕同一个人而成为朋友一样。
有句古谚说道：“爱屋及乌。
”其实“爱我及书”这句话蕴涵更多的哲理。
书是更为真诚而高尚的情谊纽带。
人们可以通过共同喜爱的作家沟通思想，交流感情，彼此息息相通，并与自己喜欢的作家思想相通，情感相融。
好书常如最精美的宝器，珍藏着人生的思想精髓，因为人生的境界主要就在于其思想的境界。
因此，最好的书是金玉良言和崇高思想的宝库，这些良言和思想若铭记于心并多加珍视，就会成为我们忠实的伴侣和永恒的慰藉。
书籍具有不朽的本质，是为人类努力创造的最为持久的成果。
寺庙会倒坍，神像会朽烂，而书却经久长存。
对于伟大的思想来说，时间是无关紧要的。
多年前初次闪现于作者脑海的伟大思想今日依然清新如故。
时间惟一的作用是淘汰不好的作品，因为只有真正的佳作才能经世长存。
书籍把我们引入最理想的社会，使我们置身于历代伟人巨匠之间，如闻其声，如观其行，如见其人，同他们情感交融，悲喜与共，感同身受。
我们觉得自己仿佛在作者所描绘的舞台上和他们一起粉墨登场。
甚至在人世间，伟大杰出的人物也与世长存。
他们的精神被载入书籍，传于四海。
书是人生至今仍在聆听的智慧之声，永远充满着活力。
尹转云推荐2. How to grow oldSome old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it--so at least it seems to me--is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river--small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.杨承松推荐论老之将至有些老年人恐惧死亡。
要是年轻人这样想，那倒情有可原。
那些害怕在战争中阵亡的年轻人，想到自己被生活所欺骗，错失了生命中最美好的东西，感到苦涩理所当然。
但对于一个尝遍人生酸甜苦辣，实现一生抱负的老人来说，恐惧死亡就有点不光彩了。
战胜怕死的最好的方法――至少在我看来――是逐步地拓宽你的兴趣，并使其不受人际感情的影响，直到自我的围墙慢慢地坍圮，你的生命加快融入到众生之中。
人生当如一条河流――开始时很小，狭隘的局限于自己堤岸，富有激情的冲过岩石和瀑布。
慢慢地，河流越走越宽，河岸逐步退去，水流更显平缓，直到最后，毫无迹象地融入大海，平和地失去了独自的存在。
垂暮之人，倘能如此看待生命，也就不会惧怕死亡，因为他所关注的事业仍在继续。
倘若精力日衰，疲劳日增，想要进入永恒的休息也许就不会那样无法接受了。
我希望自己能在工作中死去，我知道他人会继续我未竞的事业。
想到我曾经竭尽全力地工作过，我就心满意足了。
译文提供：张静洁3. John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural AddressIn the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility—I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it—and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.Abstracted from John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address on January 20, 1961推荐老师：杨承松译文：在悠久的世界历史中，只有很少几代的人在自由遭遇最大危机的时刻被赋予保卫自由的责任。