初中宾语从句讲解与练习
初中宾语从句讲解与练习
一、考点扫描
中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：
1、引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；
2、宾语从句的语序；
3、宾语从句的时态。
考查的主要形式是单项选择、语法选择、完形填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。
二、基本概念
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
E.g. He said (that) he wan ted to stay at home.
The boy was in terested in whatever he saw here. 那孩子对在那里看至U的任何事
物都感兴趣。
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
三、宾语从句的种类
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
四、用法详解
1、引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择
1)由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
典型例题
(that ) he wan ted to stay at home.
2.She doesn ' t know (that ) she is seriously ill.
1.He said
3.I am sure (that ) he will succeed.
2）由连接代词 who, whom, whose , what , which 和连接副词 when, where , why ,
how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
典型例题
（whom they are wait ing for
2. He asked whose handwriting was the best.
3. Ca n you tell me where the No.3 bus
stop is
？
4.1 don ' t know why the train is late.
典型例题
1.1 want to know if （whether ） he lives there.
2.
He asked me whether （ if ） I could help him.
2、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为 陈述句的语序。 典型例题
1.1 hear （ that ） physics isn ' t easy.
2.1 think （ that ） you will like this school soon.
3. Ca n you tell me how I can get to zoo ？
4. Please tell me when we
' ll have the meeting.
3、宾语从句的时态
1、 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
典型例题
1.1 don ' t think （that ） you are right.
2. Please tell us where he is.
3. Ca n you tell me how I can get to the railway stati on? 2、 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态
（一般过去时,
去进行时，
过去将来时，过去完成时）。
典型例题
1. He asked what time it was.
1.Do you know who
3 ）由if 或whether 引导的宾语从句。
If 和whether 在句中的意思是"是否”
2. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting.
3. He asked if you had written to Peter.
4. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3、如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。
1.Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
2.Scie ntists have proved that the earth tur ns around the sun.
'V宾语从句连接词妙用
一、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that弓I导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常
省略。
desk.
她说她会把留言条放在校长桌子上。
他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
二、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为"是否”。
g.
爱丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。
我不知道他后天是否会来。
但在下列情况下只能用whether:
1. 在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not 连用时，往往用whet her（if …or not
也可以使用）。
喜欢英语。
2. We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.
我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
3. 在不定式前用 whether 。
典型例题
他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
我不知去否。
3. He has n't decided whether to
go by bus or by train.
他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
4. whether 置于句首时，不能换用
if 。
典型例题
Whether this is true or no t , I can't say.
这是否是真的我说不上来。
5.
引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用 whether 。
典型例题 1. Let me know whether / if he will come or no t.(= Let me know w
hether or not he will come )
让我知道他是否能来。 典型例题 don'
t know whether or not he does any washi ng.)
我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 典型例题 3.1 won der whether we stay or whether we go. 我想知道我们是去还 是留。 2.在介词之后用 whether 。
典型例题
1.1'm in terested in whether he likes En
glish.
我关心的是他是否
典型例题
〔.Whether she will come or no t is still a questi on.
她是否能来
2.1 don't know whether to go.
还是个问题。
赶上公共汽车。
可理解为：
Please let me know whether you like the book. If you like the book, please let me know.
三、如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。
afterno on?
你能告诉我我们今天下午将在哪儿开会吗？
我不知道谁给我买了礼物。是杰克吗？
￡ 上
宾语从句巧记歌
学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。
时态主从要呼应：
主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；
宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。
语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。
That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。
从句若表"是否”时，if/whether 要慎记。
特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。
典型例题
2.The questi on is whether we can catch the bus.
问题是我们能否
请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。 你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
单项选择
1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _______ ?
A. where you buy it
B. where do you buy it
C. where you bought it
D. where did you buy it
2. —Excuse me .Could you tell me ____ I can get to the Space Museum?
--Of course. You can take bus No.1.
A. where
B. how
C. if
D. why
3. —Do you know _______ t he new mobile phone last week?
--Maybe 900 yuan. I ' m not quite sure.
A. how much she paid for
B. how much will she pay for
C.
she pay for
4. Michael Jorda n has failed over and over aga in in his life.A nd that succeeds .
A. what
B. whe n
C. why
D. where
5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. It ' s about _____ .
A. how did Alice end the Red Queen ' s reign of terror (恐怖统治)
B. what did Alice end the Red Queen ' s reign of terror
C. how Alice ended the Red Queen ' s reign of terror
D. what Alice en ded the Red Q uee n' s reig n of terror
6. —Do you know _______ the girl in red is?
—I ' m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
A. whe n
B. how
C. where
D. what
7. —What did your pare nts tha nk about your decisi on?
--They always let me do ______ I think I should.
A. whe n
B. that
C. how
D. what how much did 's ____ he
8. I want to know ________
A. when we should arrive at the airport
B. when should we arrive at the airport
C. when the airport we should arrive at
D. when the airport should we
arrive at
9. --Would you please tell me ________ ?
--At 10:00 this evening.
A. whe n will the train leave
B. whe n the train will leave
C. whe n does
the train leave
10. —Could you tell me ______ ?
--Fill in this form and I will give you a card.
A. how I can meet Cathy
B. where I can meet Cathy
C. when I can meet Cathy
11. - Do you know _______ the man with sun glasses is?
-1 ' m not sure. Maybe a reporter.
A. who
B. what
C. where
D. how
12. -Tommy, do you know if Frank _______ t o the zoo this Sun day if it _______ ?
-Sorry, I have no idea.
A. will go; is fine
B. goes; is fine
C. will go; is going to be fine
D. goes; will be fine
13. No one can be sure _______ in a milli on years.
A. what man looks like
B. what will man look like
C. what man looked like
D. what man will look like
14. Sue told me that she ________ shopp ing with her sister the n ext day.
A. will go
B. would go
C. goes
D. has gone
15. The n ew-desig ned car is on show no w. I won der ______ .
A. how much it cost
B. how much did it cost
C. how much it costs
D.
how much does it cost
16. -When do you thi nk ______ ?
-About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport.
A. he will come
B. will he come
C. did he come
D. he came
17. Our teacher told us the sun _______ in the east.
A. rise
B. rose
C. rising
D. rises
18. --Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher ' s office.
-Go and see ___________ they have fini shed correct ing the papers yet.
A. though
B. whether
C. unl ess
D. while
19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?
-Sorry. I don ' t know __________ .
A. whe n did he go abroad
B. why he is going abroad
C. how soon will he be back
D. how long he will stay abroad
20. - Do you know _______ the man with sun glasses is?
-1 ' m not sure. Maybe a reporter.
A. who
B. what
C. where
D. how
Keys:典型例题：
1【解析】选C
2【解析】选B
3【解析】选A
4【解析】选C
5【解析】选C
6【解析】选D
7【解析】选D
8【解析】选A
9【解析】选B
10【解析】选A
11【解析】选B 12【解析】选A。结合题意“汤姆，如果天气好的话，你知道弗兰克这个星期六将去动物园吗？”可知第一个空是宾语从句，要用一般将来时，第二个空是条件状语从句，要用一般现在时，故排除B、C、D三项，选A o
13【解析】选D。从语序方面先排除B,另结合时间状语in a million years 可知要用一般将来时，
14【解析】选B o结合主句中的told和从句中的the next day 可知要用过去将来时，故排除A C、D三项
15【解析】选C
16【解析】选A。问句是带有插入语do you think 的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，先排除B、C二项；另结合答句中的will pick him up 可知要用一般将来时，故舍D选A。
17【解析】选D从句中所说“太阳从东边升起”是客观事实，所以不管主句用什么时态，从句总是用一般现在时，故正确答案为 D.
18【解析】选B o考查whether引导的宾语从句。结合题意“去看看他们是否已改完了试卷”
19【解析】选D
20【解析】选B o四个选项都可以引导宾语从句，结合答语“ Maybe a reporter. ”可知问句是在询问人的职业，故正确答案为B o题意为“你知道那个戴眼镜的男人是做什么的吗？”。
完成句子
1.我经常请教音乐老师怎样才能够弹好钢琴。【2010?广州中考完成句子第74题】
1 ofte n ask my music teacher play the pia no well.
2 ?我想知道为什么你今天上学又迟道了。
I want to know _______________ late for school aga in today. 【2011?广州中考完成句
子第4题】
3. 工人们不知道怎样使用这台新机器。
The workers don 't know ______________________________the new machine. 【2011?广州花都区中考一模完成句子第73题】
4. 我们想知道他是否能在5天内完成这项工作。
We wondered ________ ________ the work in five days .【2011? 广州白云区中考一模完成句子第74题】
5. 因为天气不好，我还没决定明天去哪里。
Because the weather is not very fine, I haven ' t decided _____________________
_________ tomorrow. 【2011?广州中考一模完成句子第72题】
6. 你能告诉我昨天晚上为什么没有完成家庭作业吗?
【2011?广州黄埔区中考一模完成句子第73题】
7. 据说那湖里有个怪物。
___________________ that ______ is a mon ster in the lake. 【2011?广州海珠区中考一模完成句子第74题】
8. 她是一个新妈妈，她不知道怎样照顾孩子。
She is a new mother. She doesn' t know ______________________________________ of the baby.【2011?广州天河区中考一模完成句子第73题】
9. 他问我是否会去北京参观。
He asked me ________________________________ to Beiji ng for a visit or not.
【2011?广州从化中考一模完成句子第75题】
10. 她问我是否会骑自行车。
She asked me ___________________________________ a bike. 【2011?广州番禺中考一模完成句子第72题】
Keys: : 1. how to 2. why you were 3. how to use 4. whether he can finish 5.where to go
6. why you didn ' t finish
7.11 is said, there
8. How to take care
9.
whether I would go 10. whether I can take