小升初英语语法复习-动词时态2

小升初英语语法复习－动词时态2

11.10 对比过去时与现在完成时一）过去时示意过去某时产生的动作或单纯陈述过去的事变，夸大动作；现在完成时为过去产生的，夸大过去的事变对如今的影响，夸大的是影响。二）过去经常与具体的时候状语连用，而现在完成时平日与模胡的时候状语连用，或无时候状语。一般过去时的时候状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just...

11.10 对比过去时与现在完成时

一）过去时示意过去某时产生的动作或单纯陈述过去的事变，夸大动作；现在完成时为过去产生的，夸大过去的事变对如今的影响，夸大的是影响。

二）过去经常与具体的时候状语连用，而现在完成时平日与模胡的时候状语连用，或无时候状语。

一般过去时的时候状语:

yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时候状语

配合的时候状语:

this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately

现在完成时的时候状语

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,

不确定的时候状语

三）现在完成时可示意延续到如今的动作或状况，动词一样平常是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.

过去经常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。

举例：

I saw this film yesterday.

（夸大看的动作产生过了。）

I have seen this film.

（夸大对如今的影响，片子的内容已经知道了。）

Why did you get up so early?

（夸大起床的动作已产生过了。）

Who hasn't handed in his paper?

（夸大有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）

She has returned from Paris.

她已从巴黎回来了。

She returned yesterday.

她是昨天回来了。

He has been in the League for three years.

(在团内的状况可持续)

He has been a League member for three years.

(是团员的状况可持续)

He joined the League three years ago.

( 3年前入团，joined为短暂举动。)

I have finished my homework now.

---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?

---He's already been sent for.

句子中如有过去时的时候副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能利用现在完成时，要用过去时。

（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

11.11 用于现在完成时的句型

一）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部份，用现在完成时。

It is the first time that I have visited the city.

It was the third time that the boy had been late.

二）This is the…that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.

This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.

这是我看过的最佳的片子。

This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。

典型例题

(一) ---Do you know our town at all?

---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was

B. have been

C. came

D. am coming

谜底B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。

(二) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?

---No, it's the first time I ___ here.

A. even, come

B. even, have come

C. ever, come

D. ever, have come

谜底D. ever意为曾经或不管什么时候，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。

注重：非延续性动词的否定情势可以与示意持续时候的状语连用。即动作不产生的状况是可以延续的。

（错）I have received his letter for a month.

（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

小学升初中英语语法温习－动词时态二