大学英语精读第三册第二单元Fruitful Questions词汇
精读3 Unit2 fruitful questions
• Think how much more information we have than Copernicus had four centuries ago. And he didn’t do anything less Earth-shattering (pun intended) than completely change the way the universe was viewed.
• 试想我们拥有的信息比四百年前的哥白尼 多了很多.但他作出了足以震撼地球的惊人 之举,完全改变了人们对宇宙的看法.
• What do you think we need in the information age?
• 1. The spokesman made it clear that the president would not cancel the trip under any circumstances • 2. Jack didn’t know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary. • 3. The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again.
We build too many walls and not enough bridges. － Newton, British Scientist
我们造了太多墙，却没有造足够的桥。 —— 英国科学家 牛顿
• linear thinking:—the traditional logical approach to problem solving. • 直线思维：——指传统的解决问题的逻辑方法。 • limitation of linear thinking ——直线思维的局限 • paradigm(范式)： ——the usual way of thinking about something • paradigm shifts: (范式转移/ 范式变化) ——a major change in the usual way of thinking about something
Unit2FruitfulQuestions课文翻译大学英语三
Unit 2 Fruitf ul Questi onsThe othernightat the dinner table, my threekids--ages 9,6 and 4--took time out from theirfood fightto teachme aboutparadi gm shifts, and limita tions of linear thinki ng and how to refocu s parame ters.Here’s how it happen ed: We were playin g our own oral versio n of the Sesame Street game, “What Doesn’t Belong?,” wherekids look at threepictur es and choose the one that doesn’t fit. I said, “OK, what doesn’t belong, an orange, a tomato or a strawb erry?”The oldest didn’t take more than a second to delive r his smug answer: “Tomato becaus e the othertwo are fruits.”I agreed that this was the rightanswer despit e the fact that some purist s insist a tomato is a fruit. To thoseof us forced as kids to eat them in salads, tomato es will always be vegeta bles. I was aboutto thinkup anothe r set of threewhen my 4-year-old said, “The rightanswer is strawb errybecaus e the othertwo are roundand a strawb erryisn’t.” How couldI arguewith that?Then my 6-year-old said, “It’s the orange becaus e the othertwo are red.” Not to be outdon e by his younge r siblin gs, the 9-year-old said, “It couldalso be the orange becaus e the othertwo grow on vines.”The middle one took this as a direct challe nge. “It couldbe the strawb errybecaus e it’s the only one you put on ice cream.”Someth ing was defini telyhappen ing here. It was messie r than a food fightand much more import ant than whethe r a tomato is a fruitor vegeta ble. My kids were doingwhat Copern icusdid when he placed the sun at the center of the univer se, readju sting the centur ies-old paradi gm of an Earth-center ed system. They were doingwhat Reuben Mattus did when he rename d his Bronxice creamHäagen-Dazs and raised the pricewithou t changi ng the produc t. They were doingwhat Edward Jenner did when he discov ereda vaccin ation for smallp ox by abando ninghis questfor a cure.Instea d of studyi ng people who were sick with smallp ox, he beganto studypeople who were expose d to it but nevergot sick. He foundthat they’d all contra cteda simila r but milder diseas e, cow pox, whichvaccin atedthem agains t the deadly smallp ox.They were refocu singthe parame ters. They were redefi ningthe proble ms.They were refram ing the questi ons. In short, they were doingwhat everyscient ist who’s ever made an import ant discov ery throug houthistor y has done, accord ing to Thomas Kuhn, in his book, The Struct ure of Scient ificRevolu tions: They were shifti ng old paradi gms.But if this had been a workbo ok exerci se in school, everykid who didn’t circle tomato wouldhave been marked wrong.Everykid who framed the questi on differ ently than“Whichis not a fruit?” wouldhave been wrong. Maybethat explai ns why so many of the world’s most brilli ant scient istsand invent ors were failur es in school, the most notabl e beingAlbert Einste in, who was perhap s this centur y’s most potent paradi gm-shifte r.This is not meantto be a critiq ue of school s. Lord knows,that’s easy enough to do. This is, instea d, a remind er that thereare real limits to the valueof inform ation. I bringthis up becaus e we seem to be at a pointin the evolut ion of our societ y whereeveryo ne is clamor ing for more techno logy, for instan t access to ever-growin g bodies of inform ation.Studen ts must be online. Your home must be digita lly connec ted to the WorldWide Web. Busine ssesmust be able to downlo ad volume s of data instan taneo usly. But unless we shiftour paradi gms and refocu s our parame ters, the superinform ation highwa y will lead us nowher e.We are not now, nor have we recent ly been suffer ing from a lack of inform ation. Thinkhow much more inform ation we have than Copern icushad four centur ies ago.And he didn’t do anythi ng less Earth-shatte ring(pun intend ed) than comple telychange the way the univer se was viewed. He didn’t do it by uncove ringmore inform ation--he did it by lookin g differ ently at inform ation everyo ne else alread y had looked at.Edward Jenner didn’t invent preven tivemedici ne by accumu latin g inform ation; he did it by refram ing the questi on.What we need as we beginto downsh ift onto the inform ation highwa y is not more inform ation but new ways of lookin g at it. We need to discov er, as my kids did, that thereis more than one rightanswer, thereis more than one rightquesti on and thereis more than one way to look at a body of inform ation. We need to rememb er that when you have only a hammer, you tend to see everyproble m as a nail.获益匪浅的问题不久前的一个晚上在餐桌旁，我的三个孩子--年龄分别为9岁、6岁和4岁--暂时停止争抢食物，腾出时间教我认识什么是范式变换、什么是线性思考的局限以及如何重新看待相关的各种因素。
大学英语精读Unit 2 Fruitful Questions
The family business grew and prospered throughout the 1930s, 40s and 50s, and by 1961 Mr. Mattus decided to form a new company dedicated to his ice cream vision. He called his new brand Hä agenDazs, to convey an aura of the old-world traditions and craftsmanship to which he remained dedicated. Hä agen-Dazs started out with only three flavors: vanilla, chocolate and coffee. But Mr. Mattus’ passion for quality soon took him to the four corners of the globe. The Hä agen-Dazs brand quickly developed a loyal following. Then in 1976, Mr. Mattus’ daughter Doris opened the first Hä agen-Dazs shop. It was an immediate success, and its popularity led to a rapid expansion of Hä agen-Dazs shops across the country.
From an early age Jenner was a keen observer of nature and after nine years as a surgeon’s apprentice he went to St. George’s Hospital, London to study anatomy (解剖学) and surgery under the prominent surgeon John Hunter. After completing his studies, he returned to his hometown Berkeley to set up a medical practice where he stayed until his death in 1823.
大学英语精读(第三版)第2、3册 U7-U3单词短语翻译
Unit7(Book 2) Not on My BlockⅠ.Wordsvacant ['veikənt]stream [stri:m] tough [tʌf]challenge ['tʃælindʒ]a.未占用的，空的n.川流不息， a.粗野的，坚韧的n.挑战，邀请比赛艰巨的(人、车等的)流，(小)河困难的任务vt.pray [prei] property ['prɔpəti]throat [θrəut]tragedy ['trædʒidi]v.祈祷，祈求n房地产，财产n.咽喉，颈前部n.惨事，不幸，悲剧cautious ['kɔ:ʃəs]organization [,ɔ:ɡənai'zeiʃən, -ni'z-] leadership ['li:dəʃip]a.十分小心的，谨慎的n.团体，组织，结构n.领导才能，领导地位establish [i'stæbliʃ]vt.建立，创办abandon [ə'bændən]explode [ik'spləud]impact ['impækt, im'pækt]vt.离弃，丢弃，放弃v.突然爆发，(使)爆发n.影响，作用，冲击力，撞击力Ⅱ.Phrases and Expressionsmove in hang out turn over take to搬入新家经常出没，闲荡，厮混翻转逐渐习惯于做(某事)，开始喜欢take a stand set…on fire/set fire to run into表明立场放火烧，使燃烧偶然遇见get through to sb. through [θru:] prep. 穿过；通过；凭借adv. 从头至尾；彻底adj. 直达的；过境的；完结的使某人懂得，使某人明白----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Unit8 (Book 2) Honesty：Is It Going Out of Style?Ⅰ.Wordshonesty ['ɔnisti]style [stail] admission [əd'miʃən]temptation [temp'teiʃən]n．诚实n.时尚n. 承认；入场费；进入n.引诱，诱惑许可；坦白；录用behavio(u)r [bi'heivjə]competency ['kɔmpitənsi]misdemeanor(u)r [,misdi'mi:nə]n行为n能力，胜任n.轻罪requirement [ri'kwaiəmənt]n要求，必要条件psychological [,psaikə'lɔdʒikəl]applaud [ə'plɔ:d]frequently ['fri:kwəntli]a．心理学的，心理的，精神上的vt.拍手称赞ad. 时常，屡次；频繁地，经常地character ['kærəktə]n. 字符；特性；角色；性格，品质vt. 使具有特征；印，刻supermarket ['sju:pə,mɑ:kit]numerous ['nju:mərəs]evidence ['evidəns]n超级市场 a. 许多的，很多的n.证据Ⅱ.Phrases and Expressionsout of style according to according [ə'kɔ:diŋ] adj. 相符的adv. 依照过时的，不再流行的根据，按照；取决于；据…所说(be) faced with a case in point面对恰当的例子think of...as on the other hand go down把…看作另一方面，反过来说下降，减少----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Unit9 (Book 2) What Is Intelligence，AnywayⅠ.Wordsaptitude ['æptitju:d] register ['redʒistə]complacent [kəm'pleisənt]n能力，才能vt.取得，登记a自满的，自鸣得意的academic [,ækə'demik]a学术的，学究的，学院的estimate ['estimeit] explore [ik'splɔ:]pronouncement [prəu'naunsmənt]vi. 估计，估价vt.探索，探究n声明，见解n. 估计，估价；判断，看法vt. 估计，估量；判断，评价absolute ['æbsəlju:t,,æbsə'lju:t]a. 绝对的；完全的；专制的n. 绝对事物；绝对determine [di'tə:min]numerical [nju:'merikəl]evaluation [i,vælju'eiʃən]vt. 决定；使…下定决心；判决 a.数字的，用数字表示的n估价，评价vi. 决定；确定；判决，终止subsection ['sʌb,sekʃən,sʌb's-]n.小组，分部automobile ['ɔ:təməubi:l,,ɔ:təmə'bi:l]hammer ['hæmə]n汽车n锤子，榔头vⅡ.Phrases and Expressionsmake a fuss of/over fuss [fʌs] vi. 小题大作；忙乱；焦燥；焦急；无事自扰n. 大惊小怪，大惊小怪的人；小题大作；忙乱vt. 使烦恼，使烦忧为…大惊小怪make up by one’s estimate编制，配制根据某人估计take sth. for granted grant [ɡrɑ:nt,ɡrænt] vt. 授予；承认；允许vi. 同意n. 授予物；拨款认为某事理所当然pick out for sure挑选确切地，肯定----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Unit10 (Book 2) Profits of PraiseⅠ.Wordsprofit ['prɔfit]exhaust [iɡ'zɔ:st]weary ['wiəri]application [,æpli'keiʃən]n益处，利润vt使筋疲力尽 a.厌倦的，厌烦的n. 应用；申请；敷用；应用程序reluctant [ri'lʌktənt]compliment ['kɔmplimənt]embarrass [im'bærəs]a不情愿的，勉强的n. 恭维；问候；致意；称赞；道贺vt. 使局促不安；使困窘；阻碍vt. 恭维；称赞surprisingly surprising [sə'praiziŋ]ad. 惊人地；出人意外地comment ['kɔment]rewarding [ri'wɔ:diŋ]glorious ['ɡlɔ:riəs]appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieit]n.评论a值得(做)的，报答的a辉煌的vt欣赏，鉴赏，感谢，感激peacefully peaceful ['pi:sful]ad. 平静地constructive [kən'strʌktiv]dramatically [drə'mætikəli]a.建设性的ad.显著地Ⅱ.Phrases and Expressionsmake out only too shrug off shrug [ʃrʌɡ] vt. 耸肩，耸肩表示n. 耸肩vi. 耸肩开出，填写极，非常耸肩表示对…不屑理睬pat on the back pat [pæt] a. 恰好的；熟练的；合适的ad. 恰好；熟记地n. 小块；轻拍；轻拍声vt. 轻拍vi. 轻拍赞扬，鼓励pass on live on传递靠…生活----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Unit1 (Book 3) A Brush with the LawⅠ.Wordscircumstance ['sə:kəmstəns]subsequent ['sʌbsikwənt]temporary ['tempərəri]n情况，环境a随后的，接下去的 a.暂时的employment [im'plɔimənt]n职业，工作arrestable arrest [ə'rest] vt. 吸引；逮捕；阻止n. 逮捕；监禁a. 可逮捕的regard (as) regard [ri'ɡɑ:d, ri:-]n. 注意；尊重；凝视；问候vt. 把…看作；注重，考虑；看待；尊敬；与…有关vi. 注意，注重；注视vt. 把…认作conversational [,kɔnvə'seiʃənəl]confirm [kən'fə:m]a会话(用)的vt证实，肯定，确认magistrate ['mædʒistreit]defence [di'fens] dismiss [dis'mis]n地方法官n. 防御；防卫；防卫设备；答辩vt.驳回，对…不予受理，免…的职，解雇respectable [ri'spektəbl]a.值得尊敬的brilliant ['briljənt]complain [kəm'plein]successful [sək'sesful]a辉煌的，卓越的vi. 发牢骚；投诉；诉说vt. 抱怨；控诉 a. 成功的；一帆风顺的Ⅱ.Phrases and Expressionsa coupe of coupe [ku:p] n. 小轿车；双座四轮轿式马车take one’s time少数，几(个)，一对慢慢来，不着急at first起先，首先；最初call on stand a chance turn against要求有机会，有希望反对；背叛；（使）变成和…敌对----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Unit2 (Book 3) Fruitful QuestionsⅠ.Wordsfruitful ['fru:tful] limitation [,limi'teiʃən]parameter [pə'ræmitə]a.硕果累累的，多产的，有利的n.限制，限定n. (限定的)因素，特性，界限version ['və:ʃən]n.(某种)版本形式，(个人的)说法，译本strawberry ['strɔ:bəri]definitely ['definitli] contract ['kɔntrækt,kən'trækt]n.草莓ad.清楚地，明确地vt. 感染(疾病)mild [maild]a.(疾病、惩罚等)不重的，轻微的notable ['nəutəbl]evolution [,i:və'lu:ʃən, ,ev-]a.值得注意的，显著地，著名的n.演变，进化，发展access ['ækses, 'æksəs, æk'ses] super ['sju:pə]n.通路，入口，进入(或享用、接近)的机会 a.极好的，了不起的highway ['haiwei] shatter ['ʃætə]view [vju:]n.公路，交通要道v.使粉碎vt.察看，考虑，看待Ⅱ.Phrases and Expressionstake out 拿出，抽出think up 想出in short 总之，简言之bring up 使注意，提出Unit2 (Book 3) Why I TeachⅠ.Wordsadministration [əd,mini'streiʃən]mechanic [mi'kænik] profession [prəu'feʃən]n.管理(部门)，行政(机关) n.机械工，机修工n. 职业，专业；声明，宣布，表白opportunity [,ɔpə'tju:niti]n. 时机，机会stimulate ['stimjuleit] self-reliance ['selfri'laiəns]technological [,teknə'lɔdʒikəl]vt.刺激，激励n.依靠自己，自力更生 a.技术的corporation [,kɔ:pə'reiʃən]n.(AmE)有限公司distribution [,distri'bju:ʃən]energetic [,enə'dʒetik]journal ['dʒə:nəl]n. 分配；分布 a.精力充沛的n.杂志，日报occasional [ə'keiʒənəl,əu-]a. 偶然的；临时的；特殊场合的intuition [,intju:'iʃən]analysis [ə'næləsis]creation [kri:'eiʃən]n.直觉n.分析n. 创造，创作；创作物，产物Ⅱ.Phrases and Expressionsstay up take notes keep a diary diary ['daiəri] n. 日记簿；日志，日记不睡觉，熬夜记笔记记日记leave out send off遗漏，省去；不考虑寄出；派遣；给…送行catch one’s breath breath [breθ] n. 呼吸，气息；一口气，（呼吸的）一次；微风；瞬间，瞬息；迹象；[语]无声音，气音喘气；歇口气；屏息给大家推荐一个英语微信群Empty Your Cup英语微信群是目前学习英语最有效的方法，群里都是说英语，没有半个中文，而且规则非常严格，是一个超级不错的英语学习环境，群里有好多英语超好的超牛逼的人，还有鬼佬和外国美眉。
大学英语精读第三册Book 3 Unit 2
16. another set of sth 17.the other two 18. argue with sth 19. Sb be outdone by sb 20.take sth/sb as sth/sb
16. another set of sth 17.the other two 18. argue with sth 19. Sb be outdone by sb 20.take sth/sb as sth/sb
5.I was about to think up another set of three when my 4-year-old said, “The right answer is strawberry because the other two are round and a strawberry isn't it.”
翻译（2015年6月大学英语四级卷二） 中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。 构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。 中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正 经历着一次新的工业革命。 中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其 实包括到2020年建成一个太空站。
China is one of the oldest cultures in the world, from which much that constructs the foundation of the modern world is derived. China is witnessing the fastest development of its economy and experiencing a new industrial revolution. Also, China has started the ambitious program for exploring the outer space, including to complete a space station by 2020.
大学英语精读3第三课fruitful questions PPT
New Words (cont.)
Compel: To force, drive, or constrain 下雨使我们不得不待在室内。 The rain compelled us to stay indoors. Freshman: student in his first year at a college. Cf. sophomore, junior, senior Run-down: old and broken or in bad condition Repay: pay back (money, etc.) Switch: To shift, transfer, or divert They switched the conversation to a lighter subject
profession: job that needs formal qualifications after training, e. g. law, medicine, teaching, acting. —Jeanne has decided on law as her profession. She wants to become a civil rights lawyer and help the poor. —我是一个大二学生，但是我不知道什么职业最适合 我。 As a sophomore, I still don’t know what profession would suit me best.
I didn‟t want to be a candidate for an administrative position, such as the president or vice-president of a university, the dean of a college, the chairman of a department, etc. Administrative: of or involving the management of public or business affairs — Your responsibilities will be mainly administrative. — 她纯粹做行政工作。 She will do purely administrative work.
大学英语精读第三册单词
1.brush n.小冲突；小接触2.process n.过程；制作法3.arbitrary a. 任意的；武断的4.circumstance n. 情况，环境5.subsequent a.随后的，接下去的6.fate n.命运7.due a. 预期的；约定的；到期的8.temporary a. 暂时的9.stroll a. walk at leisure 散步10.obvious a.明显的，显而易见11.downfall n.垮台；衰落12.employment n.职业；工作13.wander vi. 闲逛；漫游mit vt.干（坏事），做错事15.arrestable a. 可逮捕的16.offence n. 罪行；冒犯；不愉快的事17.petty a.小的；不足道的18.doorstep n. 门阶19.regard vt.把……看作；把认为(as)20.counterculture n. 反主流文化21.unconcerned a. 无忧虑的；淡漠的22.casual a. 漫不经心的，随便的23.conversational a.会话（用）的24.confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确定25.belief n.相信；信念；信仰26.thoroughly ad.完全地，彻底地thorough a.27.magistrate n. 地方法官28.conduct vt. 处理；主持；引导；指挥29.solicitor n. （初级）律师30.witness n.证人；证据31.trial n. 审判32.dismiss vt.驳回，对……不予受理33.award vt.判给；授予34.accent n. 口音；腔调35.respectable a. 值得尊敬的36.reliable a.可靠的，可信赖的37.given prep. 考虑到；假定38.obscure a.模糊的；晦涩的39.guilty a.有罪的；内疚的40.revolve v.（使）旋转41.brilliant a. 辉煌的；卓越的42.gloomily ad.忧郁地；沮丧地gloomy a.43.reproach vt.n 责备44.presumably ad.大概，推测起来45.outrage vt.引起…的兴奋46.fruitful a.硕果累累的，多产的，有利的47.paradigm n.范例，样式48.limitation n.限制，限定49.parameter n.因素，特性，界限50.version n.（某种）版本，形势51.strawberry n.草莓52.despite prep.尽管，不管53.salad n.色拉54.definitely ad.清楚地，明确地definite a.55.messy a.凌乱的，脏的56.quest n.寻求，寻找，搜索，追求57.contract vt.感染（疾病）d a.（疾病，惩罚等）不重的，轻微的59.notable a.值得注意的，显著地60.potent a.有影响力的，强有力的61.lord n.上帝62.evolution n.演变，进化，发展63.access n.通路，入口，进入的机会64.digital a.数字的n.65.data n.资料，数据66.instantaneous a.即时的，瞬间的67.super a.极好的，了不起的68.highway n.公路，交通要道69.nowhere ad.无处70.shatter v.（使）粉碎71.intend vt.打算，意欲72.view vt.察看，考虑，看待73.uncover vt.揭露，暴露，发现74.administration n.管理（部门），行政（机关）75.mechanic n.机械工，机修工76.palm n.手掌77.profession n.职业78.convince vt.说服，使确信pel vt.强迫80.pace n.速度，步速81.calendar n.日历，日程表82.reflection n.深思，考虑reflect vi83.stimulate vt.刺激，激励84.ivory n.象牙85.reliance n.信赖，信心，依靠86.corporation n.（有限公司）87.renovate vt.修复，修整88.repay vt.还（钱）89.loan n.借出的东西，贷款90.distribute vt.分发，分送91.energetic a.精力充沛的92.dissertation n.学位）论文93.learned a博学的94.journal n.杂志，日报95.fellowship n. n.研究院职位，研究员薪金96.switch vt.转换97.urban a.城市的98.civil a,公民的，国内的99.intuition n.直觉100.analysis n.分析101.clay n.粘土102.spark n.火花103.magic n.魔力，魔术104.e-mail n.电子邮件105.nasty a.恶意的，令人不快的106.idiot n.白痴，笨蛋107.statistic n.数据108.relationship n.关系，联系109.run vt.经营，管理110.baseball n.棒球111.typist n.打字的人，打字员112.physical a.身体的，物质的113.handicap n.身体或精神上的缺陷114.handicapped a.残疾的115.editorial n.社论a.编辑的，社论的116.associate n.大专文凭，合伙人，同事117.click v.点击118.fancy a.花哨的，别致的，高档的119.cover vt.报道，采访120.extensive a.广泛的，详细的，大量的121.maximum n.最大值，最大限度122.dedicate vt.献身，致力123.elaborate a.精心计划的，复杂的124.male a.男性的125.plumber n.管子工126.affect vt.影响127.motor a.(肌肉)运动神经的n.发动机128.junior a.青少年的，级别较低的，资历较浅129.coach n.教练130.strain vt.尽力使用，使过度劳累n.张力，ndscape n.风景，景色）陆地132.wind v.弯曲前进133.dirt n.泥土，脏的东西134.spot vt.认出，发现135.shed n.小棚屋136.decay vi.腐烂，衰败137.surround vt.包围138.junk n.废物139.grab v.撰取，抓取140.screen n.屏，幕141.curl v.使卷曲，拳曲142.limb n.腿143.twist v.扭曲，搓144.gloom n.昏暗145.batter vt.不断拍打，猛击146.interpret v.解释147.fasten vt.把…拴上148.temple n.太阳穴149.lean v.使）倾斜150.cynical a.愤世嫉俗的151.athlete n.运动员152.issue n.发行物153.tuck vt.塞进154.bound vi.跳跃155.helpless a.无助的，无能的156.assume vt.假设，主观主义157.ranch n.大牧场，大农场158.nursery n.托儿所159.correspondence n.通信160.formal a.正式的161.qualify vt.使具有资格162.enrol v.注册，登记163.ability n.能力164.motel n,汽车旅馆165.frantic a.狂乱的，疯狂的166.skip v.跳过，略过167.keyboard n.键盘168.respond vi.回答169.index n.指数，指标170.tension n.紧张171.interrupt vt.打断，打扰172.vulnerable a.易受攻击的173.session n.会议，（一段活动时间174.journalist n.新闻工作者,记者175.recall v.回忆176.shiver vi.战栗，发抖177.miserable a.可怜的，悲惨的178.capsule n.胶囊179.overcome vt.克服，战胜180.acid a.酸的，酸性物质过多的181.germ n.病菌，细菌182.epidemic n.流行病183.pneumonia n.肺炎184.detach vt.分离，使超然185.pirate n.海盗186.prescribe vt.开药187.varnish vt.修饰188.creek n.小溪189.slip vi.滑到，滑落190.slide v.（使）滑动191.flush v.（使）惊飞，（脸）发红192.scatter vi.散开193.mound n.土墩194.poise vt.使平衡195.unsteadily ad.不稳定的unsteady a. mence vt.开始，着手197.thermometer n.温度计198.gaze vi.凝视199.slack a.松弛的，放松的200.shelter n.掩蔽处v.201.celebration n.庆祝202.midst n.中间prep.203.missile n.导弹204.bomb n.炸弹205.portable a.手提式的206.carry vt.携带，运送207.employee n.雇员208.post n.岗位209.basement n.地下室210.pool vt.把…集中在一起211.stuff n.材料，原料212.chorus n.齐声说的话213.overtake vt.赶上214.accommodate vt.容纳，向…提供住宿215.plead vi.恳求216.whirl vi.飞速移动，旋转217.infant n.婴儿218.deserve vt.值得219.foreigner n.外地人，外国人220.aggressive a.挑衅的，放肆的221.greedy a.贪婪的222.garbage n.垃圾，废料223.fling vt.使（自己）猛扑，用力扔224.slaughter vt.屠杀225.siren n.警报226.pound v.猛击227.avenue n.大姐，林荫大道228.giant a.巨大的229.blast vi.发出刺耳的响声230.cellar n.地窖231.depart vi.离开，出发departure n.启程232.alongside prep.在…旁边233.barricade n.障碍，街垒234.intermittent a.断断续续的235.urgent a.紧急的，紧迫的236.vehicle n.车辆237.pierce v.刺穿238.pitch n.声音的高低，调子239.tune vt.调整240.identify vt.认出，识别241.harm n.伤害242.bruise vt.碰伤，使（皮肉）青肿243.scare vt.惊吓244.confuse vt.使困惑245.gesture n.姿势，手势246.murmur n.低语247.wreckage n.残骸248.collection n.募捐249.desperate a.绝望的，拼命的250.underneath prep.在…的下面251.naked a.裸体的252.claw vt.用爪抓253.amount vi.等于，合计254.hostile a.敌对的255.attitude n.看法，态度256.interfere vi.干涉，妨碍interference n 257.benefit n.益处258.tense a.紧张的259.contribute vi.贡献260.growth n.增长，发展261.concentration n.集中，专心262.span n.一段时间263.creative a.创造性的264.remarkable a.显著的，非凡的265.shape vt.形成，塑造266.maintain vt.断言，维持267.picture vt.画，想象268.vivid a.生动的，鲜明的269.champion n.冠军270.stadium n.露天体育场271.trace n.痕迹272.vision n.想象（力），视力273.automatic a.自动的，无意识的274.appropriate a.适当的275.recommend vt.建议，推荐276.purposeful a.有目的的277.soar vi.翱翔，升腾278.screen n.银幕，屏幕279.project vt.映，投射280.attain vt.获得，达到281.substitute n.代替品，代用品282.achievement n.成就283.neglect vt.忽视bination n.结合285.fantasy n.白日梦，幻想286.realm n.领域，王国287.defiance n.违抗，反抗，藐视288.mist n.薄雾289.shroud vt.覆盖，遮蔽290.triumph n.胜利，得胜291.contrast n.对比，对照292.propaganda n.（观念的）宣传293.captive a.被俘虏的，逃不掉的n. 294.craft vt.（尤指用手工）精工制作295.reality n.真实，现实296.horrible a.令人恐惧的，令人不愉快的297.stuff vt.将…塞进298.overflow v.泛滥，溢出299.concession n,妥协，让步300.fortress n.城堡，碉堡，要塞301.council n.委员会，议会302.inmate n.犯人（在一起的）303.amid prep. 在…当中304.conductor n.指挥，售票员，导体305.striking a.惹人注目的，显著的306.scarcely ad.刚刚，几乎不307.transport n.运输船，运输vt.308.fury n.狂怒，暴怒309.confess v.坦白，招供310.theme n.主题，题目311.instrument n.乐器，器械，仪器312.heap n.堆313.recruit v.招募，吸收314.teenager n.青少年315.choir n.合唱队，唱诗班316.passion n.强烈的感情317.handful n.少数，少量318.score n.总谱，乐谱319.section n.部分320.spy n.密探，间谍321.upset a.不安的，心烦意乱的322.deport vt.将…驱逐出境323.former a.以前的324.gymnasium n.健身房，体育馆325.technician n.技术员326.electrical a.电的，与电有关的327.sheer a.完全的，彻底的328.ensue vi.接着发生，接踵而来329.additional a.附加的，另外的330.audience n.听众，观众331.stage vt.上演n. 阶段；舞台；戏剧；332.representative n,代表333.notorious a.臭名昭著的334.lieutenant n.陆军中尉335.swell v.(使)增强336.dissolve v.消除，解散337.avenge vt.为…报仇338.applause n.鼓掌，喝彩339.soothe vt.抚慰，使平静340.religious a.信教的，虔诚的，宗教的、341.fantastic a.极大的，极好的342.classic a.经典的，典型的343.represent vt.代表344.mislead vt.误导，带错345.invention n.发明，发明物346.furnace n.熔炉，炉子347.chemical a.化学的348.vote n.选票349.surroundings n.环境350.characteristic a.表示特性的351.account n.账户352.transportation n.运输353.available a.可获得的，可利用的354.camel n.骆驼355.impressive a.给人映象深刻的356.exceed vt.超过357.locomotive n.火车头358.flick n.轻弹359.rocket n.火箭360.capsule n.宇宙密封舱361.altitude n.高，高度（海拔）362.mine v.开采，开矿363.trend n.趋向，倾向364.innovation n.革新，新方法365.cycle n.循环，周期366.embody vt.体现367.generate vt.发生，产生368.ancestor n.祖先369.peak n.顶峰，山峰boratory n.实验室371.novelty n.新奇的事物372.interval n.间隔时间373.likewise ad.同样地374.accelerate v.加速。
大学英语精读第三册第三版Unit2
Unit21) fruitful 2) evolution 3) limitations 4) versions 5) Despite6) intends 7) In short 8) access 9) nowhere 10) super11) messy 12) online1) despite 2) contracting 3) data 4) intended 5) (his) limitations6) fruitful 7) uncovered 8) definitely 9) view 10) milder 11) notable12) quest1) think up 2) bring up 3) took out 4) setting back 5) gives off6) springing up 7) came to 8) lit up 9) made for 10) left behind1)made 2)snow 3)shot 4)state 5)beaten 6)wind 7)felt 8)enemy1)loving 2)man 3)saving 4)record 5)cutting 6)fact 7)raising 8)tone1)the youngest in his family 2)the cheapest here 3)The smallest4)the most dangerous 5)the deaf and the blind 6)All the sick and the wounded7)the employed and the unemployed 8)happy people 9)the young10)Intelligent people1) Martin was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.2) The travelers were about to cross the river when a storm broke.3) The film was about to start when cries of "Fire" were heard.4) I was about to write to Aunt Sophia when she came to visit us.5) Jenny was about to leave when Mark arrived so she stayed a little longer.1) An officer is meant to set a good example to his men.2) The diagram is meant to explain how the machine works.3) Examinees are meant to write their names at the top of the paper.4) Parents are meant to love all their children equally.5) This experiment is meant to test a new theory recently proposed by some American scientists.1) Despite 2) data 3) download 4) web 5) limitations 6) fruitful 7) uncover8) evolution 9) notable 10) view 11) In short 12) thinking up1) Asking 2) their 3) had 4) no 5) could 6) way 7) imagine 8) instead 9) what10) If 11) encourage 12) child 13) follow 14) do 15) deal/cope 16) same17) when 18) as 19) creative 20) toVII. DictationOne of the ways you can encourage children to be creative is to talk things over rather than to give instructions or make a model when they ask for help. If you show a child how to draw aflower or a person, they will try to draw one just like yours. This can be frustrating because no matter how hard children try, their pictures will not be as "good" as yours because they do not have the skill that you have. Chances are that children will compare the two pictures and not be happy with their own. They may even decide not to try. Be creative yourself and think of ways to encourage children's creativity.IX. Translation翻译迅速方便地获得信息是很重要，但学会以新的方式看信息甚至更为重要。
精读3unit_2预习作业
Unit Two Fruitful Questions 7
•
Think up
•
• • • •
One’s quest for sth.
Be sick with sth. Be exposed to sth. In short Bring sth. Up
•
• • • •
Access to
Be connected to Downshift onto sth. Tend to do sth. See sth. as…
课文重点短语-请写出该短语在文中的原句，并翻译。
• Develop one’s ability • Develop a tastiver an answer
• Force sb. to do sth.
• Take sth. as… • Raise the price • Be about to do sth.
Unit Two Fruitful Questions 11
unittwofruitfulquestions4unittwofruitfulquestions4unittwofruitfulquestions4unittwofruitfulquestions4课文重点单词请写出文中与该词的搭配并翻译?fruitful?limitation?version?outdo?definite?quest?contract?mild?notable?potentunittwofruitfulquestions5unittwofruitfulquestions5unittwofruitfulquestions5unittwofruitfulquestions5课文重点单词请写出文中与该词的搭配并翻译?evolution?access?super?intendvi?view?uncover?deliver?access?abandonunittwofruitfulquestions6unittwofruitfulquestions6unittwofruitfulquestions6unittwofruitfulquestions6课文重点短语请写出该短语在文中的原句并翻译
大学英语精读第三册第二单元课文fruitful_questions翻译
大学英语精读第三册第二单元课文fruitful_questions翻译fruitful questions1The other night at the dinner table, my three kids-ages 9, 6 and 4-took time out from their food fight to teach me about paradigm shifts, the limitations of linear thinking and how to refocusparameters.2Here's how it happened: We were playing our own oral version of the Sesame Street game, "What Doesn't Belong?," where kids look at three pictures and choose the one that doesn't fit. I said, "OK, what doesn't belong, an orange, a tomato or a strawberry?"3The oldest didn't take more than a second to deliver his smug answer: "Tomato because the other two are fruits." I agreed that this was the right answer despite the fact that some purists insist a tomato is a fruit. To those of us forced as kids to eat them in salads, tomatoes will always be vegetables. I wasabout to think up another set of three when my 4-year-old said, "The right answer is strawberry because the other two are round and a strawberry isn't." How could I argue with that?4Then my 6-year old said, "It's the orange because the other two are red." Not to be outdone by his younger siblings, the 9-year old said, "It could also be the orange because the other two grow on vines."5The middle one took this as a direct challenge. "It could be the strawberry because it's the only one you put on ice cream."6Something was definitely happening here. It was messierthana food fight and much more important than whether a tomato isa fruit or vegetable. My kids were doing what Copernicus didwhen he placed the sun at the center of the universe,readjusting the centuries-old paradigm of an Earth-centered system. They were doing what Reuben Mattus did when he renamed his Bronx ice cream Haagen-Dazs and raised theprice without changing the product. They were doing what Edward Jenner did when he discovered a vaccination forsmallpox by abandoning his quest for a cure.7Instead of studying people who were sick with smallpox, he began to study people who were exposed to it but never got sick. He found that they'd all contracted a similar but milder disease, cow pox, which vaccinated them against the deadly smallpox.82They were refocusing the parameters. They were redefining the problems. They were reframing the questions. In short, they were doing what every scientist who's ever made an important discovery throughout history has done, according to Thomas Kuhn, in his book, "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions":They were shifting old paradigms.9But if this had been a workbook exercise in school, every kid who didn't circle tomato would have been marked wrong. Every kid who framed the question differently than "Which is not afruit?" would have been wrong. Maybe that explains why so many of the world's most brilliant scientists and inventors were failures in school, the most notable being Albert Einstein,who was perhaps this century's most potent paradigm-shifter.104This is not meant to be a critique of schools. Lord knows, that's easy enough to do. This is, instead, a reminder that there are real limits to the value of information. I bring this up because we seem to be at a point in the evolution of our society where everyone is clamoring for more technology, for instant access to ever-growing bodies of information.11Students must be on-line. Your home must be digitally connected to the World Wide Web. Businesses must be able to download volumes of data instantaneously. But unless we shift our paradigms and refocus our parameters, the super information highway will lead us nowhere.12We are not now, nor have we recently been suffering from a lack of information. Think how much more information we have than Copernicus had four centuries ago. And he didn't do anything less Earth-shattering (pun intended) than completely change the way the universe was viewed. He didn't do it byuncovering more information --- he did it by looking differently at information everyone else already had looked at. EdwardJenner didn't invent preventive medicine by accumulatinginformation; he did it by reframing the question.13What we need as we begin to downshift onto the information highway is not more information but new ways of looking at it.We need to discover, as my kids did, that there is more than one right answer, there is more than one right question and there is more than one way to look at a body of information. We need to remember that when you have only a hammer, youtend to see every problem as a nail.。
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New Words
fruitful a. producing good results; productive or profitable硕果累累的;多产的，有利的
paradigm n. type of something; pattern; model 范例;样式;模范
limitation n. limiting; being limited限制;限定
refocus vt. 使重新聚焦;使重新集中(或对准)
parameter n. limiting factor or characteristic; limit (限定的)因素，特性;界限
version n. a special form, copy, or style of sth. made; account of an event, etc. from the point of view of one person; translation into another language (某种)版本，形式;(个人的)说法;译本
sesame n.芝麻
strawberry n.草莓
despite prep. without being affected by (the factors mentioned)尽管，不管
purist n. (语言、艺术等方面的)纯粹主义者;纯粹派艺术家
salad n. 色拉，凉拌生菜
outdo (outdid, outdone) vt. do more or better than(sb.,)比( 某人)做得多或做得好;超过;胜过
sibling n, brother or sister兄弟姊妹
vine n.葡萄藤;蔓生植物;攀缘植物
definitely ad. clearly; undoubtedly清楚地;明确地
definite a.
messy a. in a state of disorder; dirty凌乱的;脏的
readjust vt. 重新调节，重新调整
rename vt, 给..重新取名，给..改名
vaccination n. (instance of ) vaccinating or being vaccinated接种疫苗
smallpox n.天花
quest▲n. act of seeking sth.; search or pursuit寻求，寻找;搜索，追求
contract vt. catch or develop (an illness) 感染(疾病)
mild a. not severe or harsh; slight ( 疾病、惩罚等)不重的;轻微的
pox n.痘，痘疮
vaccinate vt. protect (sb./sth.) against a disease by injecting vaccine给(某人/某物)接种疫苗
redefine vt. 重新解释;给...重下定义
reframe vt. 重新拟定;重新表达
workbook n. 练习簿，作业本
inventor n. person who invents things 发明者，发明家
notable▲a. deserving to be noticed; remarkable 值得注意的;显著的;著名的
potent a. influential; having great power 有影响的;强有力的
shifter n. 改变者，变动者
critique n. critical analysis评论; 评论文章
lord n. God; Christ上帝; 耶稣基督
reminder n. thing which reminds sb. of a fact or person使人回想起某事或某人的事物
evolution n. process of gradually developing; evolving演变，进化;发展
clamor vi. make a loud demand or protest 大声地要求或抗议
access n. way (in) to a place; opportunity of reaching, using or approaching通路; 入口;进入(或享用、接近)的机会
ever-growing a. 不断增长的
online a. being under the direct control of or in continuous direct communication with a computer 联机的，在线的
digitally ad.
digital a. showing amounts by means of numbers数字的; 数字显示的
web▲/web/ n. (蜘蛛等动物结的)网;网络;错综复杂的事物
download vt. transfer (a program, data, etc.) from a large computer system to a smaller one 将(程序、资料等)下载
data n.资料，数据
instantaneously ad.
instantaneous a. happening or done immediately 即时的;瞬间的
super a. ( infml.) excellent; splendid 极好的;了不起的
highway n. (esp US) main public road 公路;交通要道
nowhere ad. not anywhere 无处
Earth-shattering a.惊天动地的;极其重大的;影响深远的
shatter V. (cause sth. to) break suddenly and violently into small pieces (使)粉碎
pun n. humorous use of a word that has two meanings or of different words that sound the same 双关(语) intend vt. have (a particular purpose or plan) in mind; mean打算; 意欲
view vt. look at or watch (sth.) carefully; consider 察看;考虑，看待
uncover vt. make known or disclose (sth.); discover揭露，暴露;发现
preventive a. preventing or intended to prevent sth; precautionary预防(性)的;防备的
downshift V. (将)(汽车)调低速档
Phrases & Expressions
take out remove 拿出;抽出
think up produce (a new idea, etc.) by thinking hard想出
in short in a few words; briefly总之; 简言之
bring up call attention to; raise使注意; 提出
Proper Names
Sesame Street芝麻街(美国幼儿电视教育节目)
Copernicus 哥白尼(1473- 1543，波兰天文学家)
Reuben Mattus鲁宾.马修斯
Bronx 布朗克斯区(美国纽约市行政区名)
Haagen-Dazs哈根达斯(一种冰淇淋品牌)
Edward Jenner爱德华，詹纳(1749-1823,英国医生)
Thomas Kuhn托马斯.库恩(1922- 1996, 美国科学史家)
World Wide Web环球信息网，万维网。