A Framework to View an Enterprise s Architecture
外研社新视野商务英语视听说_第三版_上__电子教案unit2
教案课程名称新视野商务英语视听说(第三版)(上) 课时班级专业教师系部教研室教材《新视野商务英语视听说(第三版)(上)》1Unit 2 Jobs and ResponsibilitiesLearning Objectives（教学目标）2Business Profile（内容概览）Want to Know About Jobs and Responsibilities in aCompany?OverviewThis unit mainly looks at various job titles and responsibilities in a company as people may be expected to talk about these aspects of their work. Firstly, an employee may have to show a visitor around the offices of their company. More generally, an employee may be asked to describe how the business is organised or structured. Furthermore, people in business may often be called upon to describe to outsiders or friends what their company actually does.A company is usually divided into departments covering areas such as administration, sales, billing, production, shipping, etc. Below is a chart showing some common departments and positions in the business world.Common Departments and Positions in a Company3Main Responsibilities of Some Common PositionsThese can vary a lot in different companies so the following is only a rough indication of the typical responsibilities.Senior Sales Manager●Work with a team of sales people and support staff to secure both new and old business and to deepen existing business relationships;●Monitor, encourage, advise and direct sales activity by individual sales staff in order to achieve revenue targets;●Define and plan the different steps of a project, allocate action and responsibilities within the overall project framework to achieve timely and cost-effective project completion.Financial Controller●Responsible for all accounting, financial and taxation matters;●Help local offices with budgeting and annual spending projections;●Arrange for internal and external audits, ensure checks and balances on spending;●Control and safeguard company assets, develop the matrix of levels of authority for expense review and approval.Human Resources Manager●Support the Business Head in setting strategy, direction and objectives with regard to personnel;●Responsible for hiring appropriate personnel and ensuring career progression;●Identify, interpret and apply key performance indicators and monitor business managers’use of such indicators;4●Review and evaluate proposals for job regrading, training, promotion, transfer, and salary progression with respect to business needs and internal relativity.Logistics Manager●Manage supplies, components, raw materials and inventories with the objective of ensuring production being constantly supported and stocked;●Manage imports, including customs clearance;●Negotiate and maintain contracts with transportation and freight companies. Account Manager●Support named customers, provide quotations, product recommendations and after sales advice;●Support the local sales staff with technical recommendations and communication with producers;●Develop new customers and other sales opportunities;●Act as an interface between factories and customers.Purchaser/Buyer●Responsible for supplier identification and pre-screening of materials;●Benchmark and negotiate pricing, terms, and other related issues with potential suppliers to ensure fair market pricing.Language Expansion（语言扩充）JobsWhat kind of job do you have?What line of business are you in?5I’m a freelance corporate law consultant.I’m a civil servant, with permanent tenure.ResponsibilitiesWhat does your job involve?I take care of/look after overseas customers.I usually answer telephones and write reports.Positions and the departmentsWhat position do you hold?Who are you responsible/accountable to?I’m accountable to the Regional Manager.My section comes under the Logistics Department.Working hours and routinesWe are on flextime.I am a bus driver; I work all sorts of hours.On Monday, I work on the early/late/split shift.Interpersonal relationshipMy boss is quite nice. He gets on very well with us.My boss is a very difficult person to work with.Most of my colleagues are friendly and cooperative.CompensationI get about $800 a month in commissions.The meals in the work cafeteria are subsidised.PromotionI’ve just been promoted Head of Human Resources.6I’m after the administrator’s job.I’m in line for the position of Export Sales Manager.He is being groomed for promotion.Job satisfactionI like/don’t like my present job.I hate my job because I can’t stand/bear my boss.I don’t like what I’m doing right now because it’s boring.Our normal official working hours are 40 hours a week.7Teaching Tips（教学步骤）Pre-viewing●Divide the Ss into groups and have Ss work out the organisation of a real estate company first.●Instruct Ss to further discuss the positions included in each department.●Remind Ss of job titles introduced in previous activities.●Ask one or two group representatives to report the departments they’ve figured out.Post-viewing●Ask Ss to work together in groups to summarise the responsibilities of the managers and write them down in the textbook.●Ask seven groups to answer the questions in turn.●Ask other groups to add information or make corrections if necessary.Pre-viewing●Ask Ss to brainstorm different types of business organisation.●Divide the class into pairs and get Ss to exchange their understanding of the companieslisted in the left column of the chart in the Student’s Book.●Ask Ss to work together to match types of company with their corresponding8descriptions.●If needed, the following types of company can be introduced for further study.Types of companycompany (BrE)/corporation (AmE) 公司firm 公司，商行/号enterprise 企业township enterprise 乡镇企业state-owned enterprise 国有企业privately-owned enterprise 个体/私营企业solely/wholly owned enterprise 独资企业foreign capital enterprise 外资企业Sino-foreign joint venture 中外合资企业multinational/international/transnational corporation/company 跨国公司group corporation 集团公司limited company 有限公司parent company 母公司subsidiary/affiliate company 子公司partnership 合伙公司holding company 控股公司listed/quoted company 上市公司cooperative 合作公司industrial corporation 实业公司9consulting company 咨询公司Post-viewing●Divide the class into pairs and ask Ss to allocate the roles.●Encourage Ss to refer to the expressions in the video when role-playing the dialogue.●Walk around the classroom to monitor Ss’performance.●Ask two pairs of Ss to present their dialogue in class.●Give comments and suggestions for improvement.Text Bank（扩展阅读）Get to Know YourselfThere is a big difference between getting a job and reaching a career destination where you love what you do! This section on self-discovery gives you some tools to learn more about yourself and suggests ways to translate that self-knowledge into successful career planning and job search goals. The first step in your self-discovery quest is one that you will repeat many times in your life: an inventory of your interests, values, personal style and skills. Even if you have a good idea of what you want to do, self-assessment is vital to writing a resume and doing well in an interview. These exercises will provide a frame of reference when you begin to explore your career options.10Where are you in the career planning cycle? Use the bullets below as a guide to see what you have and still have left to do.Self-Assessment—Obtaining Information About Yourself●I am aware of the interests that I possess and can name five activities that I enjoy.●I am aware of the skills that I possess and can identify my five most developed skills.●I am aware of the personality characteristics that I possess and can name five characteristics to describe myself.●I know what I value in a career and can list five work-related values that meet my career expectations.Career-Exploration—Increasing Knowledge of Career Options●I can identify ten careers that integrate my interests, skills, personality characteristics and work-related values.●I can identify five career resource publications that provide information about my career options.●I can list the names and titles of five people to ask for information about my career options.Career Decision-Making—Selecting a Primary Career Goal●I have researched information on five career choices.●I am familiar with one decision-making method and can describe that process.●I have made a career decision and can describe that choice in detail (i.e. title, duties, qualifications, salary, career path).Preparation—Creating a Career Goal Action Plan11●I can identify five work-related qualifications that are necessary in my career choice.●I can identify academic programmes and courses relevant to my career choice (i.e. major, minor, graduate schools).●I can list the titles/locations of five volunteer, internship, or work experience opportunities relevant to my career choice.●I can name five student/professional organisations that are related to my career choice.Job Search—Job Seeking and Career Employment●I have developed an effective resume and cover letter.●I have developed effective interviewing skills.●I am familiar with five different strategies for job seeking.●I can name ten companies or industries that are potential employersCareer Management—Advancing in Your Career●I can describe and rank by preference the positions I have been offered.●I have accepted an offer of career employment.●I can describe methods of advancing in my organisation. I can describe my next career goal.●I know how to initiate a career change when it is necessary.Discussion:Where are you in the career planning cycle? What have you done? And what have you left to do?12补充教学资源Video 1Introducing titles and responsibilitiesPresident: Good afternoon, everyone! This is Robin Copperfield, the new Vice President of our company. He will be in charge of the accounting work. Let’s give him a warm welcome!Robin: Thank you!President: Mr. Copperfield is an expert in the field of accounting. So, it is a pleasure for us to have him here. Now, Mr. Copperfield, I’d like to introduce the Vice Presidents and Managers to you.Robin: OK, thank you!President: This is May Bates, Vice President in charge of the Administration Department and the Neighbourhood Service Department.Robin: Nice to meet you, Ms. Bates.Ms. Bates: Nice to meet you, Mr. Copperfield.President: And this is Dennis Hayes, Vice President in charge of the MarketingDepartment and the Sales Department.Dennis Hayes: How do you do, Mr. Copperfield? Glad to meet you.Robin: Glad to meet you, Mr. Hayes.President: And this is... oh, where is Andrew Jefferson?Robin: Mr. Jefferson? I’ve met him before. I heard he is one of the secrets of this company’s success. Everyone was raving about what a great job he’s done in...President: Uh... speak of the devil... Mr. Jefferson has just arrived.Mr. Jefferson: Hi, Mr. Copperfield, good to see you again.Robin: Good to see you, Mr. Jefferson.13Mr. Jefferson: Sorry, I’m late. I was talking to a client.Robin: Oh, that’s OK. How many departments are you in charge of, Mr. Jefferson?Mr. Jefferson: Four: Research & Development, Engineering, Contract Budgets, and Project Preparation.Robin: No wonder you’re so busy.President: Mr. Copperfield, there are three managers who report directly to you, and they are all ladies. So, ladies, can you introduce yourselves?Ada Black: I’m Ada Black, responsible for management accounts.Caroline Clinton: I’m Caroline Clinton, responsible for financial accounts.Lucy White: I’m Lucy White, responsible for data processing.Robin: Oh, good. Nice to meet you all, ladies.Video 2Do you like your job?Robin: What’s your job now, Jerome? Do you still work for that wholly funded American company?Jerome: No, I left it three years ago. I have my own business now.Frank: Gee, that’s great! How do you feel as a self-employed entrepreneur?Jerome: I feel good. I can make a lot more money than before and I have a lot of independence in doing things. But sometimes I get tired. As you know, it’s not very easy to run a business on your own. What about you, Frank? What are you doing now?Frank: I’ve worked for several companies. After graduation, I went to a private company. Then a year later, I changed to a Sino-Japanese joint-ventureenterprise and worked as a sales assistant. Two years later, I moved on to a computer company and w orked in export sales. And now, I’m an advertising executive.Colin: Oh, you are a real job-hopper. Why have you changed jobs so often?14Frank: I’m always interested in new challenges. I know changing jobs frequently can be a waste of a company’s human resources, but I’m gaining a lot of experience! How is your job, Colin?Colin: I’ve been working for the PMC Textile Plant since I graduated. Two years ago, I was promoted to Line Supervisor.Frank: Do you like your job?Colin: The salary and benefits are OK, but I don’t like the work environment. You know, the workshops are very noisy sometimes. Also, I don’t often get an opportunity to go anywhere. I hate staying in the same place all the time. You often travel on business, right Robin?Robin: Yes. As a buyer, I must travel to purchase stock. I’ve been to a lot of places. Colin: Maybe I should think about becoming a buyer...Robin: Mm..., everything has two sides. I get fed up with travelling. Nowadays, I want to spend more time with my family.Janet: Hi, guys, may I join you?Everybody: Sure. Have a seat.Janet: You enjoy getting together, don’t you? What are you talking about?Robin: Jobs. What kind of job do you have, Janet?Janet: I’m the Public Relations Manager in a holding company.Colin: Do you enjoy it?Janet: Yes. What I like about it is that I can meet a lot of new and interesting people. Robin: How about your working hours?Janet: That’s the trouble. I usually have to work overtime, because I often have dinner parties in the evening. I don’t get enough time with my family and baby.15。
企业员工信息管理系统的设计与实现毕业设计论文
企业员工信息管理系统- 0 -分类号_______________ 密级________________UDC _______________ 学号_ ___毕业设计（论文）论文题目企业员工信息管理系统的设计与实现 Thesis Topic Design and implementation of enterprise employee2017年7月25日毕业设计（论文）任务书企业员工信息管理系统的设计与实现摘要随着电子信息的飞速发展，计算机已经融入到了生活的各个方面，越来越多的企业开始使用电子计算机来对企业进行管理，信息化的时代已经到来，各个企业无论大小都需要一个信息化的管理系统来对自己公司内部的员工信息进行管理，企业员工信息管理系统是一个针对此问题而进行开发的系统，使得公司的员工管理不如现代化，开启了一个新的管理模式。
本文首先对比了国内外企业员工信息管理的现状，明确了需求的不同以及需要吸收借鉴的部分，然后在员工信息管理的需求基础上，通过系统的功能需求与系统的可行性分析，确立了企业员工信息管理系统的基本功能，构建了该系统的框架以及结构设计，然后对该系统的各个功能的主要代码进行分析、设计，最后对系统的各个功能进行测试，完成了本次系统的开发。
企业员工信息管理系统分为两大模块，管理员模块和普通员工模块，管理员可以操作系统的所有功能，主要包括部门管理、员工信息管理、出勤管理、工资管理以及请假审核等功能；为了信息的保密以及系统的安全性，普通员工只具有查看工资以及请假的功能。
文章以需求分析，系统概要设计，系统功能实现，系统测试等为主要内容，详细介绍了一个基于Web技术的B/S结构的企业员工信息管理系统。
本系统主要使用MyEclipse软件进行程序编写，使用JSP作为前台的开发语言，使用MySql 作为后台的数据库管理系统，服务器采用tomcat，开发出的一个适应现代社会发展的企业员工信息管理系统。
关键词：员工信息，JSP，B/S结构The design and implementation of enterpriseemployee information management systemABSTRACTWith the rapid development of electronic information, computer has been integrated into all aspects of life, more and more enterprises begin to use computer to manage the enterprise, the information age has arrived, regardless of the size of each enterprise needs an information management system to the company's internal staff information management, employee information a management system is to solve this problem for the development of the system, making the company's employee management as the modernization, opening a new management mode.This paper first compares the present situation of domestic and foreign enterprise employee information management, clarifies the different demand and need to absorb the part, and then the demand based on the employee information management, through the feasibility of functional requirements and system analysis, establishes the basic function of enterprise staff information management system, construct the system framework and structure design, and then the main code foreach function of the system is analyzed and designed, and finally test the various functions of the system, completed the development of this system. Employee information management system is divided into two modules, administrator module and general staff module, the administrator can all functions of the operating system, including department management, employee information management, attendance management, salary management and audit functions in order to leave; information security and secrecy system, general staff wages and leave only with a view the function of.This paper takes requirement analysis, system outline design, system function realization and system test as the main contents, and introduces a B/S enterprise employee information management system based on Web technology in detail. This system mainly uses MyEclipse software to program and use JSP as the development language, using MySQL as the background database management system, using Tomcat server, an information management system for enterprise employees adapt to the development of modern society developed.Keywords:em ployee information，JSP，B / S structure企业员工信息管理系统目录摘要 (1)ABSTRACT (3)1绪论 (1)1.1课题背景 (1)1.2目的和意义 (2)1.3研究的目标与内容 (3)1.4软硬件需求 (4)1.5本文组织结构 (4)2 需求分析 (6)2.1系统功能需求 (6)2.1.1系统功能需求 (6)2.1.2用户特点 (8)2.2系统模型 (8)2.2.1参与者 (8)2.2.2管理员用例图 (8)2.2.3普通员工用例图 (9)2.3可行性分析 (10)2.3.1技术的可行性 (10)2.3.2经济的可行性 (11)2.3.3操作可行性 (11)2.3.4法律的可行性 (12)3 系统概要设计 (13)3.1系统设计原则 (13)3.2系统架构设计 (14)3.3数据库设计 (16)3.3.1数据库的概念结构设计 (16)3.3.2数据库的逻辑结构设计 (17)3.3.3数据库的连接原理 (21)4 系统详细设计 (25)4.1系统登陆页面实现 (25)4.2管理员模块 (32)4.2.1部门信息管理 (33)4.2.1.1部门信息录入 (33)4.2.1.2部门信息管理 (34)4.2.1.3部门信息删除 (37)4.2.2员工信息管理 (38)4.2.2.1员工信息信息录入 (38)4.2.2.2员工信息管理 (39)4.2.3出勤管理 (43)4.2.3.1出勤录入 (43)4.2.4修改密码 (43)4.2.5工资管理 (43)4.2.6请假审核管理 (44)4.2.7退出系统 (45)4.3普通员工模块 (45)4.3.1请假申请 (45)4.3.2我的工资浏览 (46)4.3.3修改密码 (47)5 系统测试 (48)5.1系统测试目的与意义 (48)5.2系统测试方法 (48)5.2.1系统测试计划 (48)5.2.2系统测试方法 (49)5.2系统功能测试 (49)5.2.1主页面的登录模块测试 (49)5.2.2修改密码的模块测试 (50)5.2.3部门管理的模块测试 (51)5.2.4员工管理的模块测试 (51)5.2.5出勤管理的模块测试 (52)5.2.6工资管理的模块测试 (53)5.2.7请假审核的模块测试 (54)5.2.8我的请假的模块测试 (55)5.3其他错误 (55)6 总结与展望 (57)6.1论文的主要工作 (57)6.2存在问题 (57)结论 (59)参考文献 (61)致谢 (62)外文原文 (63)中文翻译 (77)企业员工信息管理系统1绪论1.1课题背景计算机网络技术的发展，给信息时代的人们带来了很大的方便。
公司英文简介填写模版【可编辑】
公司英文简介填写模版使用方法：按照括号中提示填写相应的英文即可。
模版A：Established in (成立年份), (公司英文名称) is a manufacturer (生产兼贸易，可用manufacturer and trader) specialized in the research, development and production of (公司主打产品). We are located in (公司所在城市), with convenient transportation access.All of our products comply with international quality standards and are greatly appreciated in a variety of different markets throughout the world.If you are interested in any of our products or would like to discuss a custom order, please feel free to contact us. We are looking forward to forming successful business relationships with new clients around the world in the near future.对应中文翻译：ABC公司成立于XX年，专业生产XXX产品，集产品研发和生产于一体。
我公司地处XX 市，交通便利。
我司所有产品采用国际质量标准，产品远销海外，享誉海内外众多市场。
如果贵司对我们任一款产品有意或有订单意向，欢迎随时联系我们。
我们期待与全球客户携手合作，共创未来。
模版B：Established in （成立年份）, （公司英文名称）is a professional manufacturer and exporter that is concerned with the design, development and production of(行业产品). We are located in (公司所在城市), with convenient transportation access.All of our products comply with international quality standards and are greatly appreciated in a variety of different markets throughout the world.We have over (员工人数) employees, an annual sales figure that exceeds USD (销售额) and are currently exporting(出口比例) of our production worldwide. Our well-equipped facilities and excellent quality control throughout all stages of production enables us to guarantee total customer satisfaction.As a result of our high quality products and outstanding customer service, we have gained a global sales network reaching(主要出口国家).If you are interested in any of our products or would like to discuss a custom order, please feel free to contact us. We are looking forward to forming successful business relationships with new clients around the world in the near future.ABC公司成立于XX年，专业生产和出口XXX产品，集产品设计、研发和生产于一体。
华为AR3600系列企业路由器数据表说明书
Huawei AR3600 SeriesEnterprise Routers DatasheetRealize Your PotentialAR3600 Series Enterprise RoutersAR3600 Series Enterprise RoutersEnterprises require better services in addition to simple connections. As there are increasingrequirements of customization services, enterprises require a more agile service router to provide highperformance and multiple functions as well as develop new services. This poses higher requirementsfor traditional router products.As the core product in Huawei Enterprise Branch Solution, the AR3600 uses virtualization technologyfor the first time to implement deep IT and CT integration and achieve convergence and sharing ofnetwork and IT resources. The AR3600 helps enterprises quickly launch new applications and solutionsand provides enterprises with better services.Product OverviewThe AR3600 series enterprise router uses the multi-core processor, fully meets customer requirements onthe performance, delay, reliability, and security, and guarantees continuous performance improvement andsoftware application extension. With the built-in X86 platform, the AR3600 has great flexibility and is able tosupport virtualization. By integrating third-party network applications, the AR3600 provides more diversifiedservices.• Integrates routing, switching, security, WLAN, and VPN, meeting diversified requirements of enterprisesand maximizing the return on investment (ROI).• Supports various access modes and uplink interfaces, adapts to various terminals, offers different rates,allows flexible access, and is interchangeable with AR G3 series boards, protecting investments.• Provides a high-performance computing and large-capacity storage system, and allows variousapplications to be dynamically loaded, without the need to deploy servers independently. This savesinvestments and facilitates management.• Uses the SDN&NFV architecture for the first time in industry, and implements lifecycle management ofICT resources such as the application deployment, monitoring, and deletion through the Agile Controller.• Supports virtualization technology, provides a flexible and scalable application integration capability,shortens service deployment, and implements value-added services.• Supports the OpenStack interfaces to integrate with third-party management software.• USB-based deployment and plug-and-play.• Detects faults with no delay, locates faults with no errors, and rectifies faults immediately.• Manages massive devices in a centralized manner, greatly simplifying branch service deployment andlowering network maintenance costs.ICT Deep Integration, Reducing the TCOInnovative Architecture, Implementing Value-added ServicesSimplified Deployment and Easy O&M123Product HighlightsICT Integrated GatewayTypical ApplicationThe AR3600 series enterprise router integrates routing, switching, VPN, WLAN, and security functions, which meets Campus networkCampusAR160-MAR160-M StudentsTeacherClassroom 1StudentsTeacherClassroom NProduct SpecificationsSpecification AR3670Hardware specificationsService forwarding4.5 Gbit/sperformance***Number of2000recommended usersSIC slot2WSIC slot7/8(default/maximum**)XSIC slot0/6(default/maximum**)Management port One Ethernet portUSB 2.0 port2Mini USB port1Auxiliary or console port1Hard disk1TBMemory(default/8GB/24GBmaximum)Flash8GBVirtual Machines8 (Based on VM, the customers can install Windows OS or Linux OS.) Maximum power700 W per power supply (dual power supplies supported)AC power supply100 V to 240 VPower frequency50/60 HzDimensions (W x D x H)442 mm x 470 mm x 130.5 mmWeight11kg (without power modules and cards)Ambient temperature0o C to 45o CEnvironment relative5% to 95% (non-condensing)humidityOrdering InformationBegin by ordering the chassis, control board, power supply, and fan module. Then select a DSP card (if required), interface modules, any special licenses as well as any desired accessories (SD card or USB disk). Tables 5 - 13 list the part numbers to use when ordering components.Table 5: Chassis Options and Fan Module Table 6: Main Control Board Options Table 7: Power Supply Module OptionsTable 9: SIC Interface Module OptionsTable 10: WSIC and XSIC Interface Module Options Table 12: License OptionsTable 11: XSIC Interface Module Options Table 13: SD Card and USB Disk OptionsWSIC Interface Module DescriptionAR01WAE14A4-port E1 Inverse Multiplexing for ATM Interface CardAR01WDFE4A4-Port Fractional E1 WAN Interface CardAR01WDFE8A8-Port Fractional E1 WAN Interface CardAR01WDCE8A8-Port Channelized E1/PRI Multiflex Trunk Interface Card AR01WEG4SA4-Port 1000BASE-SFP-L3 Ethernet WAN Interface CardAR01WEG4TA4-Port 1000BASE-RJ45-L3 Ethernet WAN Interface Card AR0MWDAS8A018-Port Async Serial Port Interface CardAR-1STM1-W1-Port 155M Packet over SDH/Sonet Optical Interface Card AR-4STM1-W4-Port 155M Packet over SDH/Sonet Optical Interface CardAR0MWMF9TT008-Port 10/100BASE(RJ45) and 1-Port 10/100/1000BASE(RJ45)-L3 Ethernet Switch Interface CardAR-1STM4-W1-Port 622M Packet over SDH/Sonet Optical Interface CardAR-1CSTM1-W1-Port 155M Channelized Packet over SDH/Sonet Interface Card(WSIC) AR-1E3T3M-W1-Port Channelized/Unchannelized E3/T3 WAN Interface CardAR-8SA-W8-Port Sync/Async Serial WAN Interface CardAR-4GECS-W4-Port GE COMBO WAN Interface Card(support syncE)License DescriptionLAR0DATAE06AR3600 Value-Added Data PackageLAR0AC06AR3600 AC Express LicenseLAR0SECE06AR3600 Value-Added Security PackageLAR0DSVPN06AR3600 DSVPN(Dynamic Smart VPN) FunctionXSIC Interface Module DescriptionAR0MXEGFTA0024-Port 10/100/1000 BASE (RJ45)-L2/L3 Ethernet Interface CardSD Cards & USB Disks DescriptionNUSBDSK01Storage USB DISK,4GB,USB 2.0,No documentFor more information, visit or contact your local Huawei sales office.Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.Trademark NoticeGeneral Disclaimer, HUAWEI, and are trademarks or registered trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Other trademarks, product, service and company names mentioned are the property of their respective owners.The information in this document may contain predictive statementsincluding, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictivestatements. Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD.Huawei Industrial BaseBantian LonggangShenzhen 518129,P.R.ChinaTel: +86 755 28780808。
财务核算制度英文缩写
Financial Accounting System Abbreviations Many companies and organizations use abbreviations to refer to their financial accounting system, which is comprised of different policies, procedures, and practices for recording and reporting financial transactions. In this document, we will review some of the most common abbreviations used for financial accounting systems.GAAPGAAP stands for Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, which are a set of guidelines, rules, and standards for financial reporting that are used in the United States. GAAP provides a framework for companies to prepare and present their financial statements, and it covers areas such as revenue recognition, inventory valuation, and depreciation.IFRSIFRS stands for International Financial Reporting Standards, which are a set of guidelines and principles for financial reporting that are used in many countries around the world. IFRS is issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and covers areas such as revenue recognition, financial instruments, and leases.ERPERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning, which is a type of software that integrates different business functions, including financial accounting, supply chain management, human resources, and customer relationship management. ERP systems provide companies with a centralized database and a unified view of their operations, allowing them to streamline processes, reduce costs, and improve efficiency.APAP stands for Accounts Payable, which is a subsidiary ledger that tracks the company’s unpaid bills and invoices. AP includes information such as the supplier’s name, the amount owed, the due date, and the payment terms. Companies use AP to manage their cash flow, maintain good relationships with their suppliers, and avoid late fees and penalties.ARAR stands for Accounts Receivable, which is a subsidiary ledger that tracks the company’s outstanding invoices and customer payments. AR includes informationsuch as the customer’s name, the amount owed, the due date, and the payment status. Companies use AR to manage their cash flow, monitor their credit risk, and collect payments in a timely manner.GLGL stands for General Ledger, which is the main accounting ledger that contains all the company’s financial transactions. GL includes information such as the date, the account name, the debit or credit amount, and the transaction type. Companies use GL to prepare their financial statements and to monitor and analyze their financial performance.COACOA stands for Chart of Accounts, which is a list of all the accounts used in the company’s financial accounting system. COA includes information such as the account name, the account number, and the account type. Companies use COA to record and classify their financial transactions, to generate reports and analyses, and to ensure consistency and accuracy in their financial statements.TBTB stands for Trial Balance, which is a report that summarizes the balances of all the accounts in the company’s general ledger. TB includes information such as the account name, the debit or credit balance, and the total amount. Companies use TB to verify the accuracy of their financial records, to identify errors and discrepancies, and to prepare their financial statements.CTACTA stands for Cumulative Translation Adjustment, which is a type of account used in the company’s financial accounting system to record the changes in the value of foreign currency transactions. CTA includes information such as the currency exchange rate, the amount of gain or loss, and the impact on the company’s equity. Companies use CTA to comply with accounting standards and to manage their foreign currency risk.EBITDAEBITDA stands for Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization, which is a financial metric used to measure a company’s opera ting profitability. EBITDA excludes non-operating expenses such as interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, and provides a more accurate view of the company’s underlying performance. Companies use EBITDA to compare their performance with other companies, to evaluate investment opportunities, and to make strategic decisions.In conclusion, financial accounting system abbreviations are used to simplify and streamline the complex process of recording and reporting financial transactions. By understanding these abbreviations, companies can improve their financial management, enhance their decision-making capabilities, and achieve their strategic objectives.。
ArcGIS Desktop 10.6快速入门指南说明书
Quick Start GuidesTable of ContentsCore products and componentsArcGIS for Desktop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ArcGIS Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit and ArcGIS Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ArcGIS License Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Getting started•ArcGIS Desktop includes many components. See What's included for a list of components.•Review the ArcGIS system requirements for the component.•Administrative privileges are required for installation.•Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5 or later is required.•Download and install the component. If upgrading, review Upgrading to ArcGIS 10.6.•Obtain your software authorization numbers and authorize the software. If using a Concurrent Use license, you will need ArcGIS License Manager 10.6, which can be used for all ArcGIS 10.x Concurrent Use licenses. See the ArcGIS License Manager quick start guide and the License Manager reference guide for more information.•See ArcGIS Desktop for access to additional resources, such as documentation and support.What's includedArcGIS Desktop10.6 includes the following components:•ArcGIS Desktop—Installation for Basic, Standard, and Advanced editions of ArcGIS Desktop, and optional ArcGIS extension products.•ArcGIS Desktop Background Geoprocessing (64 bit)—Installation for background geoprocessing in 64 bit.•ArcGIS License Manager (Windows and Linux)—This version is required to run ArcGIS Desktop10.6 and ArcGIS Engine 10.6 with Concurrent Use licensing. It also supports all other ArcGIS 10.x Concurrent Use releases.•ArcReader—Desktop mapping application that allows users to view, explore, and print maps and globes.•ArcGIS Tutorial Data for Desktop—Data used with ArcGIS Desktop tutorials.•ArcGIS Coordinate Systems Data—Contains the data files required for the GEOCON transformation method and vertical transformation files for the United States (VERTCON and GEOID12B) and the world (EGM2008).•DBMS Support Files—Client libraries and databases to be used to directly connect to geodatabases.The following developer tools are available:•ArcObjects SDK for Microsoft .NET Framework—Documentation and sample code for Microsoft .NET Framework developers customizing and extending ArcGIS Engine,ArcGIS Desktop, and ArcGIS Server.•ArcObjects SDK for Java—Documentation, tools, and sample code for Java Platform developers customizing and extending ArcGIS Engine,ArcGIS Desktop, and ArcGIS Server.Upgrading to ArcGIS 10.6•The ArcGIS 10.6 setup package is designed to detect and upgrade an existing installation of the same ArcGIS product. The settings for the installation location, license manager (for Concurrent Use), or authorization information (for Single Use) areretained in the upgrade. See the installation guide for more information on installation upgrades and new installations.•Existing ArcGIS 10.1–10.5.1 authorization numbers will work with ArcGIS 10.6.•ArcGIS 10.6 for Single Use—If ArcGIS 10.6 will be installed on a machine that is different from where an earlier ArcGIS 10.x product is currently installed and you want to use the existing ArcGIS 10.1–10.5.1 authorization number for ArcGIS 10.6, the earlier version of an ArcGIS 10.x product must first be deauthorized before authorizing ArcGIS 10.6.Obtaining software authorization numbersIf needed, your account's primary maintenance contact can obtain authorization numbers from My Esri. After signing in with your Esri Account, click My Organizations>Licensing>View Authorizations. Click a product name to obtain its authorization number.The license version on authorizations eligible for use with ArcGIS 10.6 will display as 10.1–10.6 under View Authorizations. For those outside the United States, contact your local distributor for information about your authorization numbers.Getting startedArcGIS Enterprise represents the evolution of Esri's GIS server technology into a complete GIS platform in your own infrastructure, supporting enterprises of any size. ArcGIS Enterprise provides a full Web GIS experience integrated with ArcGIS Online and ArcGIS Desktop. See the following prerequisites to get started:•ArcGIS Enterprise includes many components. See What's included for a list of components.•Review the system requirements for each component.•Administrative privileges are required for installation.•On Windows, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5 is required for installing the ArcGIS Server .NET Extension Support feature. ArcGIS Web Adaptor for IIS also requires Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5. This version of Microsoft .NET Framework can be downloaded from Microsoft.•Download and install the component. If you're upgrading, review Upgrading to ArcGIS 10.6. For help, see the corresponding installation guide available with the download.•Obtain your software authorization numbers and authorize the software. If your Portal for ArcGIS organization will use a premium app, such as ArcGIS Pro or Drone2Map for ArcGIS, you will also need ArcGIS License Manager 10.6 to configure your premium app licenses to specify which members can use the software. See the Portal for ArcGIS Administrator Guide,License Manager Reference Guide, and the ArcGIS License Manager system requirements for more information.Visit ArcGIS Enterprise for access to additional resources such as documentation and support.What's includedArcGIS Enterprise 10.6 includes the following components:•ArcGIS Enterprise Builder—Provides a simple installation and configuration experience for a base ArcGIS Enterprise deployment on a single machine.•ArcGIS Server—Makes your geographic information available to others in your organization and, optionally, anyone with an Internet connection. It can be licensed in a variety of roles, depending on the capabilities you want to enable for your deployment.See ArcGIS Enterprise licensing for a complete listing of server licensing roles.•Portal for ArcGIS—Allows you to share maps, apps, and other geographic information with other people in your organization through a website.•ArcGIS Data Store—An application you can use to set up different types of data stores used by a Portal for ArcGIS hosting server.•ArcGIS Web Adaptor—Allows ArcGIS Server to integrate with your existing web server. It is compatible with IIS and Java EE servers such as WebSphere and WebLogic.ArcGIS GeoEvent Server—Enables real-time event-based data streams to be integrated as data sources in your enterprise GIS. Requires an ArcGIS GeoEvent Server license role.•ArcGIS License Manager (Windows and Linux)—This version is required to configure ArcGIS Pro or Drone2Map for ArcGIS licenses with your Portal for ArcGIS 10.6 organization.•ArcGIS Coordinate Systems Data— Contains the data files required for the GEOCON transformation method and vertical transformation files for the United States (VERTCON and GEOID12B) and the world (EGM2008).•DBMS Support Files—Client libraries and databases used to directly connect to geodatabases.The following developer tools are available:•ArcObjects SDK for the Microsoft .NET Framework—Documentation and sample code for Microsoft .NET Framework developers customizing and extending ArcGIS Engine, ArcGIS Desktop, and ArcGIS Server.•ArcObjects SDK for Java—Documentation, tools, and sample code for Java platform developers customizing and extending ArcGIS Engine, ArcGIS Desktop, and ArcGIS Server.Upgrading to ArcGIS 10.6•The ArcGIS 10.6 setup package is designed to detect and upgrade an existing installation of the same ArcGIS product. The settings for the installation location are retained in the upgrade. However, you will need to obtain a 10.6 software authorization number and reauthorize for use in 10.6. See the installation guide for more information on installation upgrades and newinstallations.•Existing ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5 - 10.5.1 authorization numbers will work with ArcGIS Enterprise 10.6 Prerelease but will not work for the final release of ArcGIS Enterprise 10.6.Obtaining software authorization numbersIf needed, your account's primary maintenance contact can obtain authorization numbers from My Esri. After signing in with your Esri Account, click My Organizations > Licensing > View Authorizations. Click a product name to obtain its authorization number.The license version on ArcGIS Enterprise authorizations eligible for use with ArcGIS 10.6 will display as 10.6 under View Authorizations. Customers in the United States need to contact Esri Telesales to order additional Named User License of Portal for ArcGIS. For those outside the United States, contact your local distributor for information about your authorization numbers.ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit 10.6 and ArcGIS Engine 10.6 quick start guideGetting started•ArcGIS Engine includes many components. See What's included for a list of ArcGIS Engine components.•Review the ArcGIS system requirements for the component.•Administrative privileges are required for installation.•On Windows, the Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5 or later is required for installing ArcGIS Engine.•Download and install the component. If upgrading, review Upgrading to ArcGIS 10.6.•Obtain your software authorization numbers and authorize the software. If using a Concurrent Use license, you will need ArcGIS License Manager 10.6, which can be used for all ArcGIS 10.x Concurrent Use licenses. See the ArcGIS License Manager quick start guide and the License Manager reference guide for more information.•See ArcGIS Desktop for access to additional resources, such as documentation and support.What's includedArcGIS Engine 10.6 includes the following components:•ArcGIS Engine—Component that supports the creation of GIS and mapping applications.•ArcGIS Engine Background Geoprocessing (64 bit)—Installation for background geoprocessing in 64 bit.•ArcGIS License Manager (Windows and Linux)—This version is required to run ArcGIS Desktop and ArcGIS Engine 10.6 with Concurrent Use licensing. It also supports all other ArcGIS 10.x Concurrent Use releases.•ArcGIS Coordinate Systems Data—Contains the data files required for the GEOCON transformation method and vertical transformation files for the United States (VERTCON and GEOID12B) and the world (EGM2008).•DBMS Support Files—Client libraries and databases to be used to directly connect to geodatabases.Developer tools are available with ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit 10.6:•ArcObjects SDK for Microsoft .NET Framework—Documentation and sample code for Microsoft .NET Framework developers customizing and extending ArcGIS Engine,ArcGIS Desktop, and ArcGIS Server.•ArcObjects SDK for Java—Documentation, tools, and sample code for Java Platform developers customizing and extending ArcGIS Engine,ArcGIS Desktop, and ArcGIS Server.Installing ArcGIS Engine and ArcObjects SDKs•Download and extract the ArcGIS Engine and ArcObjects packages.•Run the Setup.exe file, following the prompts to complete the installation for each product.•See Authorize ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit and ArcGIS Engine to complete the installation.Upgrading to ArcGIS 10.6•The ArcGIS 10.6 setup package is designed to detect and upgrade an existing installation of the same ArcGIS product. The settings for the installation location, License Manager (for Concurrent Use), or authorization information (for Single Use) are retained in the upgrade. See the installation guide for more information on installation upgrades and new installations.•Existing ArcGIS 10.1–10.5.1 authorization numbers will work with ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit 10.6 and ArcGIS Engine 10.6.•ArcGIS 10.6 for Single Use—If ArcGIS 10.6 will be installed on a machine that is different from where an earlier version of an ArcGIS 10.x product is currently installed, and you want to use the existing ArcGIS 10.1–10.5.1 authorization numbers for ArcGIS10.6, the earlier version of the ArcGIS 10.x product must first be deauthorized before authorizing ArcGIS 10.6.Obtaining software authorization numbersIf needed, your account's primary maintenance contact can obtain authorization numbers from My Esri. After signing in with your Esri Account, click My Organizations>Licensing>View Authorizations. Click a product name to obtain its authorization number.The license version on authorizations eligible for use with ArcGIS 10.6 will display as 10.1–10.6 under View Authorizations. For those outside the United States, contact your local distributor for information about your authorization numbers.Upgrading ArcGIS 10.0 licenses to 10.6For existing ArcGIS 10.0 users, automatic license upgrade functionality allows an easy license upgrade process. Instead of deauthorizing older licenses and authorizing the latest version, you can convert your existing 10.0 licenses to 10.6 using the one-step upgrade option.1.Uninstall the ArcGIS 10.0 product without deauthorizing your existing licenses.2.Install the ArcGIS 10.6 product.3.On completion of the ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit 10.6 installation, click Authorize. You will be prompted to upgrade your licenseif 10.0 licenses are already present. For ArcGIS Engine 10.6, you will need to launch ArcGIS Administrator. Follow the instructions to complete the upgrade process.Authorize ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit 10.6 and ArcGIS Engine 10.6Single Use•Recommended: Use an Internet connection to complete the authorization steps below.•If you do not have an Internet connection for the machine on which you intend to install the software, you can authorize the software via email.•If you want to facilitate the authorization process or authorize silently, a provisioning file generated from the Licensing portal on My Esri can be used.1.After the installation, open the ArcGIS Administrator wizard.2.Choose the desired Single Use product.•Choose the ArcGIS Engine (Single Use)option if you only need to run ArcGIS Engine applications.•Choose the ArcGIS Engine and ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit (Single Use)option if you need to develop and run ArcGIS Engine applications.3.Click Authorize Now.4.Choose the default option,I have installed my software and need to authorize it.5.Choose Authorize with Esri now using the Internet. If using a provisioning file, choose the option I have received anauthorization file from Esri and browse to the file.6.Enter your personal information where applicable.7.Enter your core product authorization number (ESUxxxxxxxxx). See the View Authorizations page on My Esri to obtain thisnumber if you do not have it available for use.8.Enter the authorization numbers for extensions, if applicable. For extensions not listed, manually type the extension name andthe authorization number.9.Click Finish after the authorization process is complete.10.Click OK to close the ArcGIS Administrator wizard. Your software is now ready for use.Authorizing additional extensions for ArcGIS Engine Single UseThis applies if you have already authorized your ArcGIS Engine 10.6 Single Use software and want to authorize additional extensions later. Follow the steps for Authorizing ArcGIS Engine Developer Kit and ArcGIS Engine Single Use, and at step 3, choose I have already authorized the software and need to authorize additional extensions. Step 6 will not be applicable. At step 7, you will be given the opportunity to enter your authorization numbers for the applicable extensions.Concurrent UseDefining the License Manager1.After completing the ArcGIS Engine installation, open the ArcGIS Administrator wizard.2.Choose ArcGIS Engine (Concurrent Use)in the ArcGIS Administrator wizard and specify the name of your license manager.3.Once you have set your license manager, click OK to close the ArcGIS Administrator wizard. Your software is now ready foruse.ArcGIS License Manager 10.6 quick start guideGetting started•Prior to installation, review the ArcGIS License Manager system requirements.•Administrative privileges are required for installing ArcGIS License Manager.•For help with the installation of ArcGIS License Manager, see the corresponding ArcGIS License Manager installation guide.•The License Manager reference guide is installed with ArcGIS License Manager 10.6. This can be accessed from Start> Programs>ArcGIS>License Manager>License Manager Reference Guide or from the ArcGIS help on the ArcGIS Desktop site.•For all of your Esri software support needs, such as help, forums, blogs, downloads, samples, and knowledge base articles, visit .Upgrading to ArcGIS 10.6The copy protection mechanism for ArcGIS Desktop 10.6 and ArcGIS Engine 10.6 Concurrent Use has been updated. This update requires that ArcGIS License Manager 10.6 be installed to support these products.The ArcGIS License Manager 10.6 setup package is designed to detect and upgrade an existing installation of the same product. The existing options file (if applicable) and authorized licenses are retained in the upgrade. Any specific ports present in the service.txt file before the upgrade must be manually reconfigured in the service.txt file following the upgrade to ArcGIS 10.6. See the ArcGIS License Manager reference guide for more information on installation upgrades and new installations.Existing ArcGIS 10.1–10.5.1 authorization numbers will work with ArcGIS 10.6.If ArcGIS License Manager 10.6 will be installed on a machine that is different from where an earlier version of ArcGIS License Manager 10.x is currently installed, and you want to use the authorization for ArcGIS License Manager 10.6, the earlier version of ArcGIS License Manager 10.x must first be deauthorized before authorizing the ArcGIS 10.6 installation.Obtaining software authorization numbersIf needed, your account's primary maintenance contact can obtain authorization numbers from My Esri. After signing in with your Esri Account, click My Organizations>Products>View Authorizations. Click a product name to obtain its authorization number.The license version on authorizations eligible for use with ArcGIS 10.6 will display as 10.1–10.6 under View Authorizations. For those outside the United States, contact your local distributor for information about your authorization numbers.。
电子商务专业英语(翼汶莉)-精品文档-电子商务专业英语(翼汶莉)-第6章
Electronic-commerce Logistics variable daily or hourly broader base responsive flexible real-time demand-driven(pull) more cyclical smaller lots more dispersion continual rules-based automated
UNIT6 Electronic Commerce Logistics
The Origin of Logistics In 1901, John F. Crowell discussed the costs and factors affecting the distribution of farm products in the U.S. government's Report of the Industrial Commission on the Distribution of Farm Products. Later, in his Approach to Business Problems (1916), Arch W. Shaw discussed the strategic aspects of logistics. During that same year, L.D.H.Weld introduced the concepts of marketing utilities (time, place, possession) and channels of distribution. In 1922, Fred E. Clark identified the role of logistics in marketing. And in 1927, the term logistics was defined in a way similar to its use today.
2020-2021学年高二同步新教材外研英语选择性必修第二册Unit 4 教学·知识细解码课件
[知识拓展] be vital to/for It is vital that...
of vital importance
对……极其重要；必不可少 ……极其重要(that 从句中谓语用 should do 形式) 至关重要
[即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①The quick recognition of disease is vital _f_o_r effective treatment. ② It is vital that we _s_h_o_u_ld__b_e_k_e_p_t__(keep) informed of all developments. ③ It is without doubt that the development of science and technology is of vital _im__p_o_rt_a_n_c_e_(important) to human advancement.
[小片段填空] The shop _a_s_s_is_t_an_t__ rushed out of the shop to _a_s_si_s_t _ the old lady _w_i_th_ her luggage.With his _a_s_s_is_t_an_c_e_ ， the old lady crossed the(sb.)in(doing) sth. assist sb.with sth. assist sb.to do sth. (2)assistant adj.
n. assistance n.
帮助(某人)(做)某事 帮助某人做某事 帮助某人做某事 副的；助理的 助手；店员 帮助，援助
知识要点5 in one's 50s 在某人五十多岁时 (教材 P38) Alfonso, a softspoken Argentinian doctor in his 50s, who had previously worked on Ebola outbreaks in Sierra Leone and Guinea. 阿方索是一位 50 多岁说话温和的阿根廷医生，此前曾在塞拉利 昂和几内亚研究埃博拉疫情的爆发。
税务风险管理体系
第三节
一、国外研究现状
国外学者很早就开场关注风险及风险管理。美国学者海恩斯(Haynes)于1895年在其所著的"经济中的风险"中最早提出风险的概念，他将风险定义为：损害或损失发生的可能性。这个定义很接近日常生活中使用的普通概念，主要强调风险可能带来的损失。这种观点认为损失发生的可能性或者概率越大，风险就越大。美国经济学家奈特(Knight)在"风险、不确定性和利润"一书中，把风险与不确定性做了区分。他认为，如果一个经济行为者所面临的随机性能用具体的数值概率来表述(这些概率可以像拿到彩票一样客观地确定，也可以反映自己的主观信念)，则，就可以说这种情况涉及风险。另一方面，要是该经济行为者对不同的可能事件不能(或没有)指定具体的概率值，就说这种情况涉及不确定性。美国学者小阿瑟·威廉姆斯(1964)将风险定义为：风险是结果潜在的变化。风险是人们预期结果和实际结果的差异。这种观点认为，风险是在风险状态下，预期结果与实际结果之间的差异大小或差异的偏离程度。这种预期结果和实际结果之间的差异或偏离程度越小，则风险越小，反之，则风险越大。他们认为，风险是客观的状态，对任何人都是同样存在、同等程度的，但不确定性却是认识者的主观判断，不同的人对同一风险会有不同的看法。风险管理是通过对风险的识别、衡量和控制，以最少的本钱将风险导致的各种不利后果减少到最低限度的科学管理方法。日本学者武井勋(1983)在"风险理论"一书中，认为风险定义本身应有三个根本因素：风险与不确定性有所差异、风险是客观存在的、风险可以被测算。在此根底上，他指出："风险是在特定环境中和特定期间自然存在的导致经济损失的变化。〞The mittee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway mission〔以下简称COSO〕在"企业风险管理——综合框架"中，向企业提供了风险管理的一整套管理模式和框架，即相互关联的控制环境、风险评估、控制活动、信息沟通和监控。
ERM企业风险管理框架英文
ERM企业风险管理框架英文Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) FrameworkIntroductionIn today's dynamic and global business environment, organizations face various risks that can significantly impact their operations, financial stability, and reputation. To effectively manage these risks, companies adopt Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) frameworks. This article aims to provide an overview of ERM and its importance in contemporary business practices.I. Definition of ERMERM refers to a systematic approach in identifying, assessing, and managing risks across an entire organization. It involves establishing a structured framework that integrates risk management into the company's culture, strategy, and decision-making processes. By adopting an ERM framework, companies can enhance their ability to proactively identify potential risks and take appropriate actions to mitigate or capitalize on them.II. Components of ERMA. Risk AssessmentThe first component of ERM is risk assessment, which involves identifying and understanding various risks faced by the organization. This includes both internal risks, such as operational, financial, and compliance risks, and external risks, such as market, economic, and regulatory risks. Byconducting a comprehensive risk assessment, companies can prioritize risks based on their likelihood and potential impact on the organization.B. Risk MitigationAfter identifying the risks, the next step is to implement risk mitigation strategies. This involves developing policies, procedures, and controls to reduce the likelihood and impact of identified risks. Companies need to establish risk response plans that outline specific actions to be taken in the event of a risk materializing. Additionally, risk transfer techniques such as insurance can be utilized to transfer certain risks to external parties.C. Risk Monitoring and ReportingContinuous monitoring of risks is crucial to ensure the effectiveness of the ERM framework. Regular risk assessments should be conducted to identify any emerging risks or changes in the existing risk landscape. Risk reporting mechanisms should be established, providing relevant and timely information to management and stakeholders. This enables informed decision-making and facilitates early intervention in case of any adverse risk events.D. Integration with Strategic PlanningIntegrating risk management into the strategic planning process is a key aspect of ERM. By considering risks during strategic decision-making, organizations can align their risk appetite, objectives, and overall business strategy. This enables companies to make well-informed decisions that take into account potential risks and rewards, leading to a sustainable and resilient business model.III. Benefits of ERMA. Enhanced Risk AwarenessImplementing an ERM framework encourages a proactive approach to risk management. It increases risk awareness among employees at all levels of the organization, promoting a culture of risk consciousness and accountability. This empowers employees to identify and manage risks effectively in their respective roles, fostering a more risk-intelligent organization.B. Competitive AdvantageCompanies that effectively implement ERM gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. They demonstrate their ability to manage risks and safeguard stakeholders' interests, enhancing their reputation and credibility. Investors, customers, and business partners are more likely to trust and engage with organizations that have robust risk management practices in place.C. Improved Decision-MakingERM enables better decision-making by providing comprehensive risk information. By considering risks alongside potential rewards, executives can make more informed and balanced decisions. This reduces the likelihood of unexpected risk events and ensures that risks are factored into strategic initiatives, ultimately leading to improved business performance and outcomes.IV. ConclusionIn conclusion, ERM plays a vital role in modern business practices by enabling organizations to identify, assess, and manage risks effectively. By establishing a structured ERM framework, companies can enhance risk awareness, gain a competitive advantage, improve decision-making, and ensure long-term business sustainability. As the business landscape continues to evolve, a proactive and integrated approach to risk management is essential for organizations to thrive in uncertain times.。
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context(s).
– Module: A set of related elements that forms a self-contained portion and serves a function(s) in the architecture. Example: an information model, a solution architecture.
2. EA View Framework: the Basics
Representation in the EA
• Architectural components:
Information Model
– Element: the unique unit of things, people, phenomena, etc., that plays a role(s) in the
1. Introduction
•This attachment introduces an EA View Framework to organize architectural designs and to implement architectural integrity.
• The key value of the EA View Framework is to link designs with the end result, i.e., using the designs to improve specific managements, throughout the designing process.
•The EA View Framework extracts strengths from multiple frameworks, such as Zachman Framework, GERAM, TOGAF Framework, FEAF, DODAF, NGOSS, and EA Cube, to establish design integrity, to connect designs with their management purposes and outcomes, and to coordinate designs with EA information models.
A Framework to View an Enterprise’s Architecture
(EA View Framework)
Attachment to Enterprise Architecture Management Guide
Chapter 5: EA Designs
(V 1.0. Last Updated on 10/29/2019, by Haiping Luo)
.……………Model Entity
– Segment: A combination of elements, modules, and other segments that forms a coordination structure and supports a management domain. Example: a line-of-business process architecture, a security architecture.
………..Relationship Entity
.…………Model Interface
……Exchange Information
2. EA View Framework: the Basics (cont.)
• Component’s features: – Has a lifecycle and a life history. – Has properties. – Has relationships. – Has states and conditions over time.
– Exchange flow: The content being exchanged between components. Example: information, control, physical material, influence.
Representation in the EA Information Model
Table of Contents
1. Introduction of an EA View Framework 2. The Basics 3. Overall Structure 4. Integrity Rules 5. Viewing an Architecture from 5
Management Perspectives 6. EA Continuums 7. Other EA Views 8. Architecture Optimization 9. Summary
Representation in the EA Information Model
…………Life Phase Attribute, Life Event Entity …………………Grouping
2. EA View Framework: the Basics (cont.)
• Structuring materials
– Relationship: A type of connection between components.
– Interface: The point of interaction or communication between components.
……………………Entity
enterprise. Example: an organization, a policy,
a product, a process. The enterprise itself is
also an element that plays a role(s) in a bigger