环境类常用词汇表剖析

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生态与环境保护常用词汇大盘点

生态与环境保护常用词汇大盘点生态与环境保护是当今社会面临的重要问题之一，为了更好地了解和讨论这一领域，掌握一些相关的常用词汇是非常有必要的。

本文将为大家梳理和介绍一些生态与环境保护领域中常用的词汇，希望能对读者有所帮助。

一、生态保护常用词汇1. 生态系统（Ecosystem）：由生物群落和非生物因素组成的特定环境，包括有机物、能量和物质的循环。

2. 生物多样性（Biodiversity）：指地球上各种生命形式的多样性，包括物种多样性、基因多样性和生态系统多样性。

3. 物种灭绝（Extinction）：指某一物种在地球上永远消失的过程或结果，常由环境变化、自然灾害或人类活动等原因引起。

4. 自然保护区（Nature Reserve）：为保护独特的自然生态系统、物种和自然地貌而设立的特定区域，禁止或限制人类破坏。

5. 生态平衡（Ecological Balance）：指生态系统各元素之间的相对稳定状态，其中物种的数量和种类相对均衡。

6. 环境污染（Environmental Pollution）：指人类活动引起的有害物质的释放和累积，严重破坏环境质量和生态平衡。

二、环境保护常用词汇1. 可持续发展（Sustainable Development）：指满足当前需求，不危害未来世代满足需求的能力。

2. 温室效应（Greenhouse Effect）：指地球大气层中的一种现象，太阳辐射被大气层吸收并向地球表面释放热量，导致地球温度上升。

3. 碳足迹（Carbon Footprint）：指个人、组织或一定区域在特定时间内产生的二氧化碳和其他温室气体的总量。

4. 可再生能源（Renewable Energy）：指来自自然界中会不断重复出现或补充的能源，如太阳能、风能、水能等。

5. 节能减排（Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction）：指通过降低能源消耗和减少污染物排放来保护环境和节约资源。

常见环保词汇

1．常见环保词汇acid rain 酸雨atmospheric pollution 大气污染 adj. available 可利用的v. conserve 保存，保藏n. contaminant污染物ecosystem 生态系统emission 排放物endangered species 濒危的物种energy shortage 能源短缺n. environment 环境environmentally-friendly 环保的greenhouse effect 温室效应n. garbage 垃圾genetically modified 转基因的global warming 全球变暖green belt 绿化带n. junk垃圾nuclear energy 核能organic 有机的preserve v.保护n. radioactivity放射性rain forest 热带雨林adj. recyclable 可回收的recycle v.回收resource 资源rubbish n.垃圾refuse 废物sewage 污水solar energy 太阳能n. trash 垃圾，废料waste gas 废气waste water 废水2．环保相关词组森林砍伐 deforestation植树造林forestation水土流失water and soil erosion造林工程forestation project绿化面积afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率forest coverage开发可再生资源develop renewable resources 环保产品environment-friendly products濒危野生动物endangered wildlife自然生态系统natural ecosystems环境恶化environmental degradation温室效应greenhouse effect噪声污染Noise pollution污染pollution污水Sewage有毒废物 Toxic waste交通噪音Traffic noise废物，垃圾 Trash废物Wastes回收Recycling污水处置Sewage disposal废物处置Waste disposal废物回收Waste recovery水的再利用Water reuse3) 灾难 DISASTERS环境事故Environmental accidents人为灾难Human-made disasters火、火灾 Fire雪崩 Avalanches地震 Earthquakes流行病Epidemics洪水 Floods飓风 Hurricanes山崩 Landslides核事故Nuclear accidents释放Release暴风雨Storms台风 Typhoons防灾 Disaster prevention环保：environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：Pollute= contaminate, 污染(动词)Pollution=contamination 污染(名词)pollutant 污染物垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill垃圾场)，dump倾倒，recycle 回收包装：plastic bags塑料袋, drinking cans饮料罐，biodegradable packaging 可降解包装throwaway 可丢弃的，disposable 可丢弃的燃料：non-renewable 不可再生的limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源conserve v. 节省，节约consume less v. 少消耗alternative energy替代能源replace=substitute v.取代use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽危害动物的环保英语词汇：protect wild life保护野生动物damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地rare breed稀有物种endangered species濒危物种extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear动词)natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏have disastrous effect on…对……有灾难性的影响危害植物的环保英语词汇：vegetation植被deforestation森林消失landslide山体滑坡危害环境的环保英语词汇：carbon dioxide二氧化碳acid rain酸雨(erode腐蚀)greenhouse effect温室效应(worsening, deteriorate, deterioration恶化)global warming全球变暖ecological system=ecosystem生态系统green belt绿化带,sand storm沙尘暴,arouse people's awareness/consciousness of environmental protection提高公众的环保意识1.eco-friendly adj. 对生态环境友好的，不妨害生态环境的2. green commuting n.绿色出行3.low-carbon economy n. 低碳经济。

环境科学与工程专业词汇

环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类。

环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry 环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis环境保护environmental protection环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification环境效应environmental effect环境容量environmental capacity环境演化evolution of environment环境舒适度environmental comfort环境背景值（本底值）environmental background value环境保护产业（环保产业）environmental production industry环境壁垒（绿色壁垒）environmental barrier 绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题（社会环境问题）the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant全球性污染global pollution排污收费pollution charge 可更新资源renewable resources不可更新资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial waste water矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water草原退化grassland degeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二噁英公害dioxine nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley 多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地面水（地表水）surface water 水位water level下渗（入渗）sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout 含水层aquifer 隔水层（不透水层）aquiclude 透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水（有压层间水）confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水（喀斯特水）karst water径流runoff flow地表径流runoff地下水ground water流域保护water basin protection淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失（土壤侵蚀）soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物（底质或底泥）benthal deposit 总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation 湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮（红潮）red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater海底沉积物sea bottom sediment海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation 河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区（水质功能区）functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化（土壤盐碱化）soil salination土壤酸化soil acidification母质（土壤母质或成土母质）parent material 土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soil aggregate土壤退化（土壤贫瘠化）soil degeneration 土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度p recipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity事后评价afterwards assessment烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion烟羽（烟流或羽流）plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance最小因子定律law of minimum生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide防腐剂preservative杀鼠剂rodenticide无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎（渔）期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism 耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model防护林带shelter belt沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide 氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide 拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide 植物生长调节剂growth regulator化学致癌物chemical carcinogen表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs 多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH 催化（催化作用）catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN 干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry降水化学precipitation chemistry气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulates(TSP)飘尘（可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘）airborne particle降尘（落尘）dustfall；falling dust气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式（氧垂曲线）oxygen balance model吸收剂(吸附剂)absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant 中和法neutralization 反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis水质分析water quality analysis比色分析colorimetric analysis沉降分析sedimentation analysis自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index 城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard 总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant总固体total solids可吸入微粒(可吸入尘和飘尘)inhale particles 浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality conrol空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性(重现性)reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry重量分析gravimetric analysis内标法internal marker method定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis相关系数correlation coefficient系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge超临界流体supercritical fluid土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射(光)visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning 稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏(亏氧量)oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve 饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved无污染燃料pollution-free fuel燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio烟气分析analysis of flue gas煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal 脱硫desulfurization除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失（压力降）pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning静电除尘electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes 电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器（两段式电除尘器）two-stage electrostatic precipitator湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber 旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber中心喷雾旋风洗涤器]cyclone spray scrubber 泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization (FGD)湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with alkali吸附法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal生物脱臭biotreatment of oder集气罩capture hood烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emmission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant污水处理厂wastewater treatment给水（污水）处理构筑物water （sewage）treatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank斜板（斜管）沉淀池sloping plank(pipe)settling tank辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank 颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment 絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation 拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressure dissolved-airfloatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process 压力过滤法pressure filtration process 真空过滤法vacuum filtration process 快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter双层滤料滤池double layer filter无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration 微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter 滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material 斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis离子交换膜ion exchange membrane萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method 废水好氧/厌氧处理biological aerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio污泥容积指数sludge velum index污泥负荷volume loading 普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process分段曝气法step aeration method延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator 扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator 机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surface aerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter 水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biological filer生物转盘biological rotating disc生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system 氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pondICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DA T-IAT工艺demand aeration tankintermittent aeration tank system(需氧池－间歇池)A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop processBardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox processUCT工艺university of cape townVIP工艺Virginia initiative plant厌氧生物滤池(AF)anaerobic filter厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludgeblanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorization disinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder 紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays 加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter 板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press 带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge 中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation 污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cement solidification石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphalt solidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes筛分screening of solid wastes风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene 环境毒理学environmental toxicology 口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease慢性毒性chronic toxicity急性毒性acute toxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissibleconcentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethal concentration(LD50)剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit value(TLV)高危人群population at high risk易感人群susceptible populatio环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmental quality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning环境决策分析environmental decision analysis 总量控制total discharge control of pollutant 浓度控制concentration control排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education环境意识environmental consciousness 环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system 环境监测environment monitoring环境标志environmental label 清洁生产cleaner production环境审计environmental audit产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard “三同时”制度three simultaneity system排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent限期治理制度system of eliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system of environmental pollution accident reporting 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution《中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China《全国生态环境建设规划》national eco-environmental construction plan《全国生态环境保护纲要》national compendium on eco-environmental protection 地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economy type牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3R(reducing, reusing, recycling)生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management 集约经营intensive management自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations 绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier国民生产总值gross national production(GNP) 国民生产净值net national production(NNP)国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban population ratio of used gas 城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security 代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control 公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/discharge coefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education 跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china。

环境资源词汇中英文对照

环境资源词汇中英文对照随着全球环境问题日益严重，环保、节能等话题越来越被重视。

要解决环境问题，首先要了解环境资源的相关词汇。

下面将列举一些常用的环境资源词汇及中英文对照。

一、空气质量Air quality1.大气污染Air pollution2.空气不良Poor air quality3.空气清新Fresh air4.雾霾Fog and haze5.PM2.5 Fine particulate matter二、水资源Water resources1.污水处理Wastewater treatment2.海洋亚健康Marine sub-health3.水污染Water pollution4.蓝色海洋Blue ocean5.水荒Water shortage三、能源资源Energy resources1.石油Oil2.煤Coal3.天然气Natural gas4.可再生能源Renewable energy5.能源危机Energy crisis四、环境保护Environmental protection1.环境破坏Environmental destruction2.绿色环保Green environmental protection3.可持续发展Sustainable development4.保护野生动物Protecting wildlife5.环境污染治理Environmental pollution control6.废物处理Waste disposal五、生态系统Ecological system1.生态平衡Ecological balance2.生态系统Environmental system3.生态灾害Ecological disasters4.生态保护Ecological protection5.生态足迹Ecological footprint六、循环经济Circular economy1.资源再利用Resource recycling2.低碳经济Low-carbon economy3.循环经济体系Circular economy system4.绿色经济Green economy5.可持续发展Sustainable development七、绿色消费Green consumption1.节能减排Energy conservation and emission reduction2.低碳生活Low-carbon life 3.绿色消费Green consumption 4.环保产品Environmental protection products 5.环保标志Environmental protection logo以上仅是一些常用的环境资源词汇，实际上涉及方面很多。

环境专业词汇

大气 ATMOSPHERE大气组成 Atmospheric composition空气质量 Air quality大气化学 Atmospheric chemistry大气成分 Atmospheric components大气颗粒物 Atmospheric particulates二氧化碳 Carbon dioxide温室气体 Greenhouse gases氧气 Oxygen臭氧层 Ozone layer大气过程 Atmospheric processes空气－水相互作用 Air-water interaction大气环流 Atmospheric circulation大气降水 Atmospheric precipitation碳循环 Carbon cycle蒸发作用 Evaporation降水增加 Precipitation enhancement降雨 Rainfall太阳辐射 Solar radiation蒸腾作用 Transpiration风 Winds空气污染 Air pollution酸雨 Acid rain空气污染物 Air pollutants氯氟碳 Chlorofluorocarbons沉降的颗粒物 Deposited particulate matter 飞灰 Fly ash雾 Fog薄烟 Haze空内空气污染 Indoor air pollution烟雾 Smog气候问题 Climatic issues农业气象学 Agrometeorology气候 Climate气候变化 Climatic change气候带 Climatic zones干旱 Drought全球变暖 Global warming温室效应 Greenhouse effect湿度 Humidity微气候影响 Microclimate effects海平面上升 Sea level rise人工影响天气 Weather modification岩石圈 LITHOSPHERE固态地球 Solid Earth洞穴 Caves地震活动 Seismic activity地震监测 Seismic monitoring火山 Volcanoes风蚀 Wind erosion陆地生态系统 TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS土壤 Soils农用土地 Agricultural land碱地 Alkali lands污染的土地 Contaminated land污染的土壤 Contaminated soil沙坑 Gravel pits荒地 Heath lands土地承载能力 Land carrying capacity土地污染 Land pollution土地开垦 Land reclamation土地恢复 Land restoration土地使用分类 Land use classification边缘土地 Marginal lands沙石开采 Sand extraction沉积 Sedimentation土壤潜力 Soil capabilities土壤保持 Soil conservation土壤污染 Soil contamination土壤退化 Soil degradation土壤侵蚀 Soil erosion土壤改良 Soil improvement土壤盐碱化 Soil salination水蚀 Water erosion干旱地区生态系统 Arid land ecosystems干旱土地 Arid lands沙漠化 Desertification抗旱 Drought control旱作 Dry farming沙丘固定 Sand dune fixation沙丘 Sand dunes半干旱地区生态系统 Semi-arid land ecosystems 森林生态系统 Forest ecosystems植树造林 Afforestation针叶林 Coniferous forests森林砍伐 Deforestation森林保护 Forest conservation森林火灾 Forest fires草地火灾 Grass fires绿化带 Greenbelts本地森林 Indigenous forests再造林 Reafforestation植被恢复 Revegetation亚热带生态系统 Sub-tropical ecosystems温带森林 Temperate forests温带林地 Temperate woodlands树木 Trees热带生态系统 Tropical ecosystems热带森林 Tropical forests热带森林生态系统 Tropical forest ecosystems林地生态系统 Woodland ecosystems温带生态系统和寒带生态系统Temperate ecosystems and cold zone ecosystems 南极生态系统 Antarctic ecosystems南极地区 Antarctic region北极生态系统 Arctic ecosystems北极地区 Arctic region寒带生态系统 Cold zone ecosystems草地生态系统 Grassland ecosystems永久冻土生态系统 Permafrost ecosystems极地生态系统 Polar ecosystems温带生态系统 Temperate ecosystems山地生态系统 Mountain ecosystems高原生态系统 Highland ecosystems登山运动 Mountaineering湿地生态系统 Wetlands ecosystems红树沼泽 Mangrove swamps水禽 Waterfowl水涝地 Waterlogged lands流域管理 Watershed management水边开发 Waterside development生物多样性和保护区Biological diversity and protected areas适应性强的物种 Adaptable species藻类 Algae两栖动物 Amphibians动物习性 Animal behaviour动物资源 Animal resources节肢动物 Arth diversity生物资源 Biological resou ropods生物多样性 Biological rces生物圈保护区 Biosphere reserves群落生境 Biotopes鸟类 Birds植物园 Botanical gardens基因资源保护 Conservation of genetic resources 生态平衡 Ecological balance濒危植物物种 Endangered plant species河口保护区 Estuarine conservation areas动物区系 Fauna植物区系 Flora食物链 Food chain捕猎 Hunting无脊椎动物 Invertebrates陆地哺乳动物 Land mammals哺乳动物 Mammals海洋保护区 Marine conservation areas微生物 Microorganisms移栖种 Migratory species国家公园 National parks国家保护区 National reserves寄生生物 Parasites愉猎 Poaching灵长目 Primates保护区 Protected areas受保护的物种 Protected species爬行动物 Reptiles陆地生物资源 Terrestrial biological resources植被 Vegetation杂草 Weeds野生生物 Wildlife野生生物保护 Wildlife conservation野生生物生境 Wildlife habitats动物园 Zoological gardens细菌 Bacteria酶 Enzymes真菌 Fungi基因库 Gene banks种质 Germ plasm微生物资源 Microbial resources原生生物 Protozoa病毒 Viruses酵母 Yeasts生物技术问题 Biotechnological issues农业生物技术 Agricultural biotechnologies生物伦理学 Bioethics生物安全 Biosafety生物技术 Biotechnologies无性繁殖 Cloning与健康有关的生物技术 Health-related biotechnologies 诱变剂 Mutagens濒危动物物种 Endangered animal species突变微生物释放 Mutated microorganisms release突变体 Mutants繁殖控制 Reproductive manipulationDNA重组技术 Recombinant DNA technology动物的选择性繁殖 Selective breeding of animals植物的选择性繁殖 Selective breeding of plants生物技术的社会－经济影响Socio-economic impact of biotechnologies致畸剂 Teratogens淡水 FRESHWATER淡水资源 Freshwater resources谈水保护 Conservation of freshwater水坝 Dams冰 Ice湖泊 Lakes自然排水系统 Natural drainage systems河流流域开发 River basin development河流 Rivers雪 Snow地下水 Subterranean water地表水 Surface waters水资源保护 Water resources conservation水资源开发 Water resources development淡水生态系统 Freshwater ecosystems集水区 Catchment areas国际河流流域 International river basins湖泊流域 Lake basins池塘尾渣 Ponds tailings河流流域 River basins淡水恶化 Freshwater degradation河流污染 River pollution径流 Run-off沉积物移动 Sediment mobilization沉积物运移 Sediment transport沉积盆地 Sedimentary basins渗漏 Seepage凤眼蓝 Water hyacinth水污染 Water pollution水的盐化 Water salination饮用水供应 Drinking water supply脱盐 Desalination饮用水 Drinking water饮用水处理 Drinking water treatment城市配水系统 Municipal water distribution systems 农村供水 Rural water supply污水处理厂 Sewage treatment plants水泵 Water pumps水处理 Water treatment水井 Water wells海洋环境 MARINE ENVIRONMENTS海洋生态系统 Marine ecosystems藻花 Algal bloom海底生态系统 Benthic ecosystems海洋污染 Marine pollution污染沉积物 Marine sediments海洋环境 Ocean circulation洋流 Ocean currents海洋 Oceans海洋温度 Ocean temperature赤潮 Red tide海平面 Sea level潮,潮汐 Tides沿海生态系统 Coastal ecosystems群岛 Archipelagoes沿海地区 Coastal areas沿海开发 Coastal development沿海环境 Coastal environments海岸侵蚀 Coastal erosion疏浚 Dredging河口生态系统 Estuarine ecosystems岛屿生态系统 Island ecosystems小岛屿 Small islands海洋生物资源 Living marine resources水生哺乳动物 Aquatic mammals水生微生物 Aquatic microorganisms水生植物 Aquatic plants珊瑚礁 Coral reefs甲壳纲动物 Crustaceans鱼类 Fish海洋资源保护 Marine resources conservation软体动物 Molluscs水生贝壳类动物 Shellfish环境管理 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT资源管理 Resources management深海矿藏 Deep sea deposits森林管理 Forest management森林政府 Forest policy资源的地埋分布 Geographic distribution of resources 土地价值 Land values矿产资源 Mineral resources国家保护计划 National conservation programmes自然资源 Natural resources自然保护 Nature conservation不可再生资源 Non-renewable resources资源净损耗 Net resource depletion矿床 Ore deposits石油资源保护 Petroleum resources conservation可再生资源 Renewable resources资源估价 Resource appraisal资源保护 Resource conservation海底开发 Sea bed exploitation海底采矿 Sea bed mining本地资源的利用 Utilization of local resources环境规划 Environmental planning发展合作 Development cooperation发展计划 Development planning生态发展 Ecodevelopment经济发展 Economic development经济计划 Economic planning环境核算 Environmental accounting环境审计 Environmental auditing环境健康影响评价Environmental health impact assessment环境影响 Environmental impact环境影响评价 Environmental impact assessment环境影响状报告书 Environmental impact statement 环境指标 Environmental indicators环境政策 Environmental policy环境风险评估 Environmental risk assessment财政资助 Financial assistance土地利用规划 Land use planning环境管理指标 Environmental management indicators 环境质量指标 Environmental quality indicators试验项目 Pilot projects政策规划 Policy planning施压集团 Pressure groups区域规划 Regional planning自助计划 Self-help programmes工农业选址 Siting of industry社会调查 Social surveys发展状况 Status of development可持续发展 Sustainable development可持续发展指标 Sustainable development indicators 技术评价 Technology assessment运输计划 Transport planning环境经济问题 Environmental economic issues环境定价 Environmental valuation环境成本 Environmental costs外部 Externalities重置成本 Replacement costs贸易对环境的影响 Trade impact on environment已定价值的生态系统组成部分 Valued ecosystem components 经济管理手段 Economic management instruments成本-效益分析 Cost-benefit analysis发展中国家债务 Developing countries debt环境股票交易 Environmental stock exchange政府环境开支 Government environmental expenditures绿色财政手段 Green fiscal instruments环境成本内在化 Internalisation of environmental costs 以绿色标志促销 Marketing with green labeling资源的定价政策 Pricing policies of resources结构调整计划 Structural adjustment programs税收差别 Tax differentiation可交易的许可证 Tradeable permits人类住区 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS人类住区管理 Human settlements management建成区 Built-up areas经济规划 Economic zoning用火安全要求 Fire safety requirements历史遗址 Historical sites住房改善 Housing improvements住房需求 Housing needs住房规划 Housing programmes住房质量标准 Housing quality standards工业区 Industrial areas非高峰时间工作 Off-peak working办公室 Offices城区发展模式 Patterns of urban growth规划的城区发展 Planned urban development再建房屋 Rehousing租赁房屋 Rental housing居民区 Residential areas建筑安全标准 Safety standards for buildings商店 Shops建筑业标准 Standards for building industry城区设计 Urban design建成结构 Built structures桥梁 Bridges建筑材料 Building materials建筑物 Buildings建筑技术 Building technology施工技术 Construction technology建筑工程 Construction works农业建筑 Farm buildings政府建筑 Government buildings高层建筑 High-rise buildings工业建筑 Industrial buildings本地建筑材料 Local materials for building拖车住房 Mobile homes核研究中心 Nuclear research centres装配式房屋 Prefabricated buildings结构 Structures隔热 Thermal insulation基础设施 Infrastructure通道 Access roads水上娱乐活动 Aquatic recreational amenities汽车停放 Automobile parking建成的排水系统 Built drainage systems电力分配 Electric power distribution公共花园 Public gardens公路 Highways空地 Open spaces管道 Pipelines运动场 Playgrounds公园 Public parks公用事业 Public utilities道路建设 Road construction道路养护 Road maintenance体育设施 Sports facilities电信 Telecommunications运输系统 Transport systems隧道 Tunnels城市供水 Urban water supply公共服务 Public services人类住区的社会－经济方面 Socio-economic aspects of human settlements 生育控制 Birth control社区服务 Community services社区参与 Community participation通勤 Commuting消费方式 Consumption patterns文化指标 Cultural indicators发展模式 Development patterns残疾人 Disabled persons毒品滥用 Drug abuse生态旅游 Ecotourism计划生育 Family planning性别问题 Gender issues无家可归 Homelessness住房集资 Housing finance人类迁居 Human migration人口 Human population人权 Human rights土地分配 Land allotment生活方式 Lifestyles低价住房 Low-cost housing流动工人 Migrant workers少数民族 Minorities社区改善计划 Neighbourhood improvement schemes新社区 New communities流浪者 Nomads非高峰时间通勤 Off-peak commuting公共卫生 Public health种族关系 Race relations娱乐 Recreation农村地区 Rural areas环境卫生 Sanitation社会指数 Social indicators社会-经济因素 Socio-economic factors旅游 Tourism旅行 Travel贫困阶层 Under-privileged people城市地区 Urban areas城区改造 Urban renewal城区压力 Urban stress妇女地位 Women status人类住区的环境方面 Environmental aspects of human settlements 空调 Air conditioning尸体处置 Disposal of the dead区城供热 District heating住房密度 Housing density过度拥挤 Overcrowding难民 Refugees旅游设施 Tourist facilities城市衰败 Urban decay农业 AGRICULTURE农业方式 Agricultural practices农业设备 Agricultural equipment农业管理 Agricultural management农业方法 Agricultural methods农业害虫 Agricultural pests农业生产 Agricultural production农业储藏 Agricultural storage动物疾病 Animal diseases动物营养 Animal nutrition养蜂业 Apiculture水产养殖 Aquaculture害虫的生物控制 Biological control of pests生物固氮 Biological nitrogen fixation堆肥 Composts等高耕作 Contour farming受控燃烧 Controlled burning作物保护 Crop protection挽畜 Draught animals鱼类养殖 Fish culture渔业管理 Fisheries management谷物 Grains作物虫害传染 Infestation of crops粮食虫害传染 Infestation of food灌溉 Irrigation灌溉渠 Irrigation canals灌溉农业 Irrigation farming天然肥料 Natural fertilizers有机农业 Organic farming病虫害控制 Pest management杀虫剂标准控制 Pesticide control standards植物病害 Plant diseases家禽饲养 Poultry farming林农轮作 Shifting cultivation树木苗圃 Tree nurseries滴灌 Trickle irrigation农工业 Agro-industry畜产品 Animal products饮料工业 Beverage industry酿造业 Brewing industry蒸馏业 Distilling industry食品辐照 Food irradiation食品保存Food preservation食品贮藏 Food storage食品运输 Food transport林产品 Forest products烟草Tobacco农用化学品 Agrochemicals化学肥料 Chemical fertilizers杀真菌剂 Fungicides除草剂Herbicides杀虫剂的代谢 Metabolism of pesticides硝酸盐 Nitrates亚硝酸盐 Nitrites亚硝胺Nitrosamines营养物Nutrients有机磷化物Organophosphorous compounds杀虫剂的持久性Persistence of pesticides杀虫剂路径 Pesticide pathways杀虫剂 Pesticides磷酸盐 Phosphates杀虫剂的毒性 Toxicity of pesticides杀虫剂的使用 Utilization of pesticides工业INDUSTRY工业生产过程Industrial processes制铝工业Aluminium industry适用技术Appropriate technology高炉 Blast furnaces纤维素 Cellulose化学工业 Chemical industry清洁技术 Clean technologies服装工业 Clothing industry乳品业 Dairy industry脱盐工厂 Desalination plants干洗 Dry cleaning炼铁工业 Iron industry洗烫衣服 Laundering皮革工业 Leather industry 金属加工 Metal finishing金属电镀 Metal plating金属冶炼 Metal smelting矿产业 Mineral industry 采矿 Mining天然气开采 Natural gas extraction原油开采 Oil extraction石油提炼 Petroleum refining印刷工业 Printing industry纸浆工业 Pulp industry 采石 Quarrying橡胶加工 Rubber processing炼钢工业 Steel industry露天剥采 Strip mining焦油生产 Tar production焦油使用 Tar use木材保存 Wood preservation工业产品 Industrial products消费品 Consumer goods危险品Dangerous goods工业材料 Industrial materials天然纤维 Natural fibres包装 Packaging涂料 Paints 产品标签 Product labelling可再用容器 Reusable containers合成洗涤剂 Synthetic detergents合成纺织纤维 Synthetic textile fibres漆 Varnishes木产品 Wood products运输 TRANSPORTATION空运 Air transportation空中交通规则 Air traffic regulations飞机 Aircraft 飞机发动机排放物 Aircraft engine emissions飞机噪音 Aircraft noise机场 Airports航天运输 Space transportation陆上运输 Land transportation自行车 Bicycles内燃机 Combustion engines铁路运输 Railway transport道路安全 Road safety道路交通工程 Road traffic engineering道路运输 Road transport道路 Roads城市交通 Urban traffic车辆检验 Vehicle inspection水上运输 Water transportation渔轮 Fishing vessels内河运输 Inland water transport内陆水道 Inland waterways国际水道 International watercourses海运 Maritime transport航运的危害 Navigational hazards油轮 Oil tankers港口 Ports潜水艇 Submarines 能ENERGY能源 Energy sources动物粪便作燃料 Animal dung as fuel沼气 Biogas生物量 Biomass生物质能 Biomass energy木炭 Charcoal煤 Coal原油 Crude oil能源资源 Energy resources浓缩铀 Enriched uranium矿物燃料 Fossil fuels燃料酒精 Fuel alcohol薪柴 Fuel wood地热能 Geothermal energy碳氢化合物 Hydrocarbon compounds烃 Hydrocarbons水电 Hydroelectric power液化气 Liquefied gas 甲烷 Methane天然气 Natural gas可再生能源 Renewable energy sources不可再生能源 Non-renewable energy resources无污染能源 Non-polluting energy sources核能 Nuclear energy核燃料 Nuclear fuels油类 Oils油页岩 Oil shales泥炭、泥煤 Peat汽油 Petrols 从废料中提取的燃料 Refuse derived fuels太阳能 Solar energy焦油砂 Tar sands海洋热能 Thermal sea power潮汐能 Tidal energy铀 Uranium波浪能 Wave energy风能 Wind energy能源过程 Energy processes煤气化 Coal gasification煤液化 Coal liquefaction电力 Electric power发电厂 Electric power plants蓄电装置 Electrical storage devices能源保护 Energy conservation能源转换 Energy conversion能源效率 Energy efficiency能源政策 Energy policy能源生产 Energy production能源利用 Energy use能源利用方式 Energy utilization patterns气体液化 Gas liquefaction照明 Lighting天然气勘探Natural gas exploration核能利用 Nuclear energy uses核电站 Nuclear power plants近海石油钻探Offshore oil drilling石油勘探 Oil exploration日照加热 Solar heating环境化学 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY无机物质 Inorganic substances酸 Acids氧化铝 Alumina氯Chlorine盐酸 Hydrochloric acid硫化氢 Hydrogen sulphide硫酸盐 Sulphates硫酸 Sulphuric acid 光化学试剂 Photochemical agents光化学效应 Photochemical effects有机物质 Organic substances 有机硅化合物 Organosilicon compounds酚 Phenols外激素，信息素 Pheromones植物油 Vegetable oils生物化学过程 Biochemical processes 酸化Acidification需氧过程Aerobic processes厌氧过程Anaerobic processes生物降解Biodegradation脱氮作用 Denitrification富营氧化 Eutrophication杀虫剂的相互作用 Interaction of pesticides 电离辐射 Ionizing radiation代谢（作用），新陈代谢（作用） Metabolism固氮 Nitrogen fixation非电离辐射Non-ionizing radiation光合作用Photosynthesis物理－化学过程Physico-chemical processes放射性 Radioactivity毒性 Toxicity污染 POLLUTION污染物 Pollutants气溶胶，气雾剂 Aerosols农业废物 Agricultural wastes石棉Asbestos商业噪音 Commercial noise混合污染 Composite pollution作物废物 Crop waste二恶英Dioxins农家场院废物 Farmyard waste火、火灾 Fire危险物质 Hazardous substances危险废物Hazardous wastes重金属 Heavy metals医院废物 Hospital wastes工业废水 Industrial effluents工业排放物 Industrial emissions工业烟尘 Industrial fumes工业噪声 Industrial noise无机污染物Inorganic pollutants铅污染 Lead contamination液体废物 Liquid wastes丢弃物，废气物 Litter汞污染 Mercury contamination微污染物 Micropollutants采矿废物 Mining wastes机动车辆排放物 Motor vehicle emissions城市废物 Municipal waste氮氧化物Nitrogen oxides噪声污染Noise pollution恶臭公害Odour nuisance有机物污染Organic pollutants难降解有机污染物 Persistent organic pollutants有机溶剂 Organic solvents有机卤化物Organohalogen compounds医药废物Pharmaceutical wastes塑料废物Plastic wastes多氯联苯Polychlorinated biphenyls聚合物废物 Polymer wastes放射性物质 Radioactive substances氡 Radon 橡胶废物 Rubber waste锯屑 Sawdust污水 Sewage屠宰场废物 Slaughterhouse waste固体废物 Solid wastes热污染 Thermal pollution有毒物质 Toxic substances有毒废物 Toxic waste毒素 Toxins痕量元素 Trace elements痕量物质 Trace materials交通噪音 Traffic noise废物，垃圾 Trash废热Waste heat木材废料 Wood waste对流层臭氧 Tropospheric ozone污染源 Pollution sources生物武器Biological weapons水泥工业 Cement industry化学武器 Chemical weapons烟囱 Chimneys冷却水Cooling waters机动车辆 Motor vehicles摩托车 Motorcycles核武器 Nuclear weapons海洋倾倒 Ocean dumping石油泄漏 Oil spills废金属 Scrap metals挖掘堆积 Excavation heaps污染治理 Pollution abatement隔音Acoustic insulation化学污染清除Chemical decontamination燃料脱硫Desulphurization of fuels过滤器 Filters噪音治理 Noise abatement污染治理设备 Pollution abatement equipment污染控制技术 Pollution control technology辐射防护 Radiation protection洗涤器 Scrubbers分离器 Separators防烟 Smoke prevention废物最少化 Waste minimization废物 Wastes电池处理 Battery disposal废物的化学处理Chemical treatment of waste处置场所 Disposal sites废物焚烧 Incineration of waste矿山回填 Mine filling残油回收 Oil residue recuperation放射性废物管理 Radioactive waste management回收的材料 Recycled materials回收 Recycling材料再利用 Reuse of materials卫生填埋 Sanitary landfills 海洋排泄口 Sea outfall化粪池 Septic tanks污水处置 Sewage disposal污水处理系统 Sewage treatment systems固体废物处置 Solid waste disposal废物同化处置 Waste assimilation capacities 废物转化技术 Waste conversion techniques废物处置 Waste disposal废物土地处置 Waste disposal in the ground废物处置税 Waste disposal taxes废物回收 Waste recovery废物利用 Waste use水的再利用 Water reuse人体健康 HUMAN HEALTH污染物的危害 Hazards of pollutants在人体组织中的积累 Accumulation in body tissues镉污染 Cadmium contamination环境健康危害 Environmental health hazards人体接触污染物 Human exposure to pollutants污染物的长期效应 Long-term effects of pollutants核安全Nuclear safety污染物的影响 Pollutant effects污染风险 Pollution risk辐射效应 Radiation effects 药物的副作用 Side effects of pharmaceutical drugs有毒物质的协同效应 Synergistic effects of toxic substances与环境有关的疾病 Environmentally related diseases致癌物 Carcinogens南美锥虫病 Chagas'' disease人类的疾病 Human diseases免疫疾病 Immunological diseases婴儿死亡率 Infant mortality 疟疾 Malaria盘尾丝虫病 Onchocerciasis病原生物体 Pathogenic organisms辐射病 Radiation sickness血吸虫病 Schistosomiasis人类疾病传染媒介 Vectors of human diseases工作环境 Working environment人机工程学 Ergonomics职业健康 Occupational health职业安全 Occupational safety振动 Vibration营养与保健 Nutrition and health care过敏素 Allergens基本食物要求 Basic food requirements食品 Food食品添加剂 Food additives食用色素 Food colourants食品污染 Food contamination保健 Health care卫生设施 Health facilities高蛋白食品 High protein foods医院 Hospitals营养不良 Malnutrition 医疗 Medical treatment药用植物 Medicinal plants营养 Nutrition食品的营养价值 Nutritive value of food毒物 Poisons吸烟 Smoking主食 Staple foods传统保健 Traditional health care灾难 DISASTERS灾难现象 Catastrophic phenomena生物体的意外释放 Accidental release of organisms 雪崩 Avalanches旋风 Cyclones沙漠蝗虫 Desert locusts地震 Earthquakes环境事故 Environmental accidents流行病 Epidemics洪水 Floods飓风 Hurricanes山崩 Landslides人为灾难 Human-made disasters核事故 Nuclear accidents放射性污染 Radioactive contamination释放 Release地震海浪Seismic sea waves泄漏 Spillage暴风雨 Storms台风 Typhoons应急减灾措施 Emergency relief measures灾难清理作业 Disaster clean-up operations防灾准备 Disaster preparedness防灾 Disaster prevention灾难救援 Disaster relief流离失所人员 Displaced persons紧急救援 Emergency relief 应急避难所 Emergency shelter环境应急计划 Environmental contingency planning防洪 Flood control放射性污染清除 Radioactive decontamination临时住房 Temporary housing临时避难所 Temporary shelter生境破坏 Habitat destruction陆地活动 Land-based activities自然改变 Physical alterations监测 MONITORING环境监测 Environmental monitoring生物指标 Biological indicators生态标志Ecolabelling污染物鉴别 Identification of pollutants噪声监制 Noise monitoring污染物分析Pollutant analysis污染物分布 Pollutant distribution污染物浓度 Pollutant levels污染物监测Pollutant monitoring污染物路径Pollutant pathways污染物来源鉴别Pollutant source identification污染监测 Pollution monitoring辐射监测 Radiation monitoring交通监测 Traffic monitoring监测数据 Monitoring data空气质量管理 Air quality management大气监测 Atmospheric monitoring本底监测 Baseline monitoring环境标准 Environmental criteria环境评价 Environmental assessment部门评价 Sectoral assessment环境统计 Environmental statistics森林资源评估 Forest resource assessment洪水监测 Freshwater monitoring工业生产统计Industrial production statistics长期预报Long-term forecasting长期趋势Long-term trends海洋监测 Marine monitoring监测基准 Monitoring criteria污染基准 Pollution criteria污染标准 Pollution norms质量控制 Quality control水盾 Water quality天气监测 Weather monitoring天气预报 Weather prediction野生生物种群统计 Wildlife population statistics监测技术 Monitoring techniques分析设备 Analytical equipment大气模型 Atmospheric models自动检测Automatic detection测量仪器的标定 Calibration of measuring equipment色谱分析 Chromatographic analysis气象色谱法 Gas chromatography模型制作，模型设计 Modelling监测仪器 Monitoring equipment放射性示踪技术 Radioactive tracer techniques采样技术 Sampling techniques模拟Simulation河道观测 Stream measurement毒理测定 Toxicological testing报警系统 Warning systems 监测系统 Monitoring systems环境法 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW国内立法 National legislation农业立法 Agricultural legislation污染防治激励措施 Antipollution incentives环境犯罪 Environmental crimes环境激励措施 Environmental incentives环境责任 Environmental liability环境过失 Environmental misconduct环境质量标准Environmental quality standards环境补贴 Environmental subsidies林业立法 Forestry legislation 健康立法 Health legislation住房立法 Housing legislation工业立法 Industrial legislation对破坏环境的惩罚 Penalties for environmental damage污染者付费原则 Polluter-pays principle污染控制法规 Pollution control regulations污染责任 Pollution liabilities公众对土地的获取 Public access to land法规控制 Regulatory control国际环境关系 International environmental relations 入海通道 Access to the sea双边协定 Bilateral conventions环境安全 Environmental security环境破坏行为 Environmental vandalism环境冲突 Environmental warfare危险废物的出口 Export of hazardous wastes全球性公约 Global conventions国际标准化 International standardization国际贸易 International trade国际性重要的失态系统 Internationally important ecosystems海洋事故的责任 Liability for marine accidents核破坏的责任 Liability for nuclear damages军事活动 Military activity事先知情同意 Prior informed consent危险废物运输的事先通告 Prior notification for hazardous waste transport区域性公约 Regional conventions技术转让 Technology transfer贸易避垒 Trade barriers越境污染 Trans-frontier pollution危险物质的运输 Transport of hazardous materials环境信息 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION信息基础设施 Information infrastructure图书馆Library信息中心 Information centre数据中心 Data centre培训中心 Training centre因特网服务提供商 Internet service provider信息网络 Information networks环境术语 Environmental terminology 电子信息网络 Electronic information network广域网 Wide area network因特网 Internet万维网World Wide Web主页 Homepage超文本 Hypertext公告牌系统 Bulletin board system新闻组 Newsgroup 邮寄清单 Mailing list电子函件 Electronic mail信息技术 Information technology多媒体技术Multimedia technology遥感中心 Remote sensing centre地理信息系统实验室 GIS laboratory环境意识 Environmental awareness公共信息 Public information新闻发布 Press release视听演示 Audio-visual presentation信息工具包 Information kit录象 Video 展示 Exhibit照片 Photograph新闻通讯 Newsletter广播节目 Radio programme电视节目 Television programme环境教育 Environmental education环境培训 Environmental training公共关系 Public relations联络渠道Communication channels信息系统Information systems文献目录信息系统Bibliographic information system文献目录信息 Bibliographic information技术信息 Technical information本地知识 Indigenous knowledge信息查询系统 Referral information system供查询的信息 Referral information统计信息系统 Statistical information system统计信息 Statistical information术语 Terminology同义词 Thesaurus分类 Classification图书馆服务 Library services查阅服务Reference service文件编索引 Indexing of documentation文件出错 Document lending图书馆之间的借贷 Inter-library loan信息的选择性传播 Selective dissemination of information光盘只读存储查询服务 CD-ROM search service因特网查询服务 Internet search service信息服务 Information services在线服务 On-line services信息交流中心 Information clearing-house数据处理 Data processing数据收集 Data collection数据记录技术 Data recording techniques信息处理 Information processing专家系统 Expert system决策支持系统 Decision-support system软件开发 Software development数据库 Database相关数据库 Relational database信息交换 Information exchange与地学有关的信息 Geo-referenced information遥感 Remote sensing多谱线扫描器 Multispectral scanner分辨率 Resolution像素 Pixel谱带Spectral bands红外线Infrared紫外线Ultraviolet雷达Radar轨迹Path景物确认Scene identification图象处理数字系统 Image processing digital systems数字图象处理技术 Digital image processing techniques图象识别 Pattern recognition镶嵌图案 Mosaics图象滤光 Image filtering 图象增强 Image enhancement几何修正 Geometric corrections影像配准 Image registration图象分类Image classification受监视的图象分类 Supervised image classification未被监视的图象分类Unsupervised image classification彩色组成 Colour composition大气修正 Atmospheric corrections 地理信息系统 Geographic information systems地理信息系统的数字系统 GIS digital systems地理信息系统的数字格式 GIS digital formats矢量 Vector点 Point线 Lines多边形 Polygons光栅 Raster 属性 Attributes地理信息系统的数字技术 GIS digital techniques内插 Interpolation布网格Gridding光栅到矢量 Raster to vector矢量到光栅 Vector to raster边界 Boundaries国家边界National boundaries次国家边界 Sub-national boundaries行政边界 Administrative boundaries与地理相关的数据 Geo-referenced data地理投影 Geographical projections坐标系统 Coordinate system纬度 Latitude经度 Longitude学科 SUBJECT DISCIPLINES科目 Subjects声学 Acoustics农业生态学 Agricultural ecology农业经济学 Agricultural economics农业工程 Agricultural engineering农业林学 Agroforestry分析化学Analytical chemistry动物生态学Animal ecology动物遗传学Animal genetics畜牧学Animal husbandry动物生理学 Animal physiology建筑学 Architecture大气物理学 Atmospheric physics细菌学 Bacteriology生物化学 Biochemistry生物气候学 Bioclimatology生物地球化学 Biogeochemistry 生物学Biology植物学Botany心脏病学Cardiology制图学Cartography化学工程Chemical engineering化学海洋学 Chemical oceanography土木工程 Civil engineering气候学 Climatology细胞学 Cytology电气工程 Electrical engineering内分泌学 Endocrinology流行病学 Epidemiology河口生物学 Estuarine biology河口海洋学 Estuarine oceanography食品科学 Food science林学 Forestry淡水生物学 Freshwater biology遗传工程学 Genetic engineering遗传学Genetics地质学Geology地貌学Geomorphology28139 地球物理学Geophysics28140 工艺地质学Geotechnology冰川学 Glaciology血液学 Haematology园艺学 Horticulture人体生物学 Human biology 人体生理学 Human physiology水文地理学 Hydrography水文学 Hydrology溶液培养学 Hydroponics免疫学 Immunology无机化学 Inorganic chemistry湖沼学，淡水生物学 Limnology海洋生物学 Marine biology船舶工程 Marine engineering海洋地质学 Marine geology材料科学 Materials science机械工程学Mechanical engineering气象学Meteorology微生物学Microbiology微气候学Microclimatology采矿工程 Mining engineering采矿地质学 Mining geology分子生物学 Molecular biology海洋学 Oceanography有机化学 Organic chemistry石油地质学 Petroleum geology药理学，药物学 Pharmacology摄影测绘学 Photogrammetry物理海洋学 Physical oceanography植物遗传学 Plant genetics植物生理学 Plant physiology土壤学 Soil sciences谱学 Spectroscopy分类学 Taxonomy毒理学 Toxicology兽医学 Veterinary medicine病毒学 Virology动物学 Zoology环境经济学 Environmental economics 食品工艺学 Food technology人体病理学 Human pathology采矿地质学 ORGANISATIONAL ATTRIBUTES。

环境类常用词汇表教材

环境类常用词表A*A/O--anoxic and aerobic oxidation缺氧/好氧氧化*AAS-- atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收光谱abiotic a.非生物的ABS--alkylbenzene sulfonate烷基苯磺酸盐abscissa n.横坐标*absorbance n.吸光度absorbate n.被吸收的物质absorbent n.吸收剂*absorption n.吸收作用accessory n.附属品，附件acclimation n.驯化accumulator n.蓄电池acet- 乙酰，次乙基acetamide n.乙酰胺*acetate n.乙酸盐acetenyl- 乙炔基*acetone n.丙酮*acetylene n.乙炔acidimetry n.酸量滴定法acrylic a.丙烯酸的activated adsorption n.活性吸附activated alumina n.活性氧化铝*activated carbon n.活性炭*activated sludge aeration 活性污泥曝气*activity n.活度acyl n.酰基*additive n.添加剂*adiabatic a.绝热的adsorbent n.吸附剂*adsorption n.吸附作用adsorption bar 吸附等压线adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线adverse a.不利的，有害的;逆的，相反的*adverse current 逆流aer(o)- 空气，气体*aerate v.曝气*aeration n.曝气*aerobic a.好氧的aerogel n.气凝胶aerogenic bacteria n.产气菌*aerosol n.气溶胶affinity n.亲合力*agar n.琼脂*agent n.试剂airborne dust n.飘尘airborne a.飞行空中的，空运的，空降的—al 醛*aldehyde n.醛*algae n.(pl.)海藻，藻类algicide n.杀藻剂，除藻剂* aliphatic a.脂肪的*alkali n.碱，强碱alkalic metal 碱金属*alkane n.烷*alkene n.烯烃alkyl n.烷基alkyl mercury n.烷基汞allyl n.烯丙基alum n.硫酸铝，明矾aluminum sulfate n.硫酸铝*ambient a.周围的，环境的n.环境，环绕空间*amide n.酰胺*amine n.胺*amino- 氨基*ammonia nitrogen n.氨氮ammonia-soda process 氨碱法*ammonium n.铵(NH4+)amphoteric a.两性的amyl- 戊基amylolysis n.淀粉水解amylopectin n.支链淀粉amylose n.直链淀粉*anaerobic a.厌氧的*anaerobic digestion n.厌氧消化*analytic balance n.分析天平-ane 烷（饱和）anhydride n.（酸）酐*aniline n.苯胺*anionic a.阴离子的anisotropic a.各向异性的annular a.环形的，轮形的*anoxic a.缺氧的antifoamer n.防沫剂，消泡剂apparatus n.仪器，装置appurtenance n.附属设备，附件aquatic a.水生的*aquifer n.蓄水层aquo- 水合－argon n.氩*aromatic a.芳香的aryl n.芳香基asbestos n.石棉asphalt n.沥青，柏油assay v./n. 化验，（药物）分析，检定assimilate v.同化*atmospheric boundary 大气边界层atmospheric dispersion model 大气弥散模式*atomizer n.雾化器autoclave n.高压釜*auto-exhaust 机动车排气autopurification n.自净作用* autotrophic a.自养的autotroph n.自养生物axial-flow pump n.轴流泵azeotrope n.共沸混合物，恒沸物azeotropic a.共沸混合物的azide n.叠氮化合物azo- 偶氮基*azo-dye n.偶氮染料azotize v.固氮B*back extraction 反萃取backup n.支持，备用设备backwashing n.反冲洗*baffle n.档板，折流板*bar rack 粗格栅base n.碱，强碱basic carbonate 碱式碳酸盐*batch n.一次的份量，一批beaker n.烧杯*bench-scale a.小型的，小试的，实验室规模的bentonite n.膨润土*benzo- 苯并－*benzoic a.安香息酸的，苯甲酸的benzoxy- 苯甲酸基*benzyl n.苯甲基*benzene n.苯bicarbonate n.酸式碳酸盐binary a.由两部分组成的，二进制的,二元的*bio- 生物的-*bioactivity n.生物活性bioassay n.生物鉴定*biochemical a.生化的*bioconcentration n.生物富集*biodegradable a.生物可降解的bio-disk system 生物转盘*biofilm n.生物膜*biological a.生物学的*biomass n.生物量biooxidation n.生物氧化*bioremediation n.生物法恢复补救biosphere n.生物圈biota n.生物群biotope n.群落生境*biouptake n.生物吸收blank test 空白试验blower n.鼓风机*BOD--biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量*boiler n.锅炉breakdown n.细目分类break-point chlorination 折点加氯*brine n.盐水，海水*BTEX--benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,xylene苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯*buffer n.缓冲，挡板*bulking n.膨胀*bulking sludge 污泥膨胀bumper n.缓冲器*buret n.滴定管but- 丁*butane n.丁烷butyl- 丁基by-product n.副产物C*calibrate v.标定，校准*calomel n.甘汞*capillary n.毛细管capsule n.容器；航天舱，密封舱；胶囊caption n.标题，（图片的）说明，解说词carbohydrate n.碳水化合物*carbolic a.（苯）酚的carbon mono(o)xide n.一氧化碳*carbonaceous a.碳的，含碳的*carbonyl n.羰基*carboxyl- 羧基*carboxylic a.羧基的carcinogenic a.致癌的*catalyst n.催化剂*cationic a.阳离子的*caustic a.苛性的cavernous a.多孔的celite n.硅藻土cellular a.细胞的cellulose n.纤维素center take off 中心出水*centrifugal a.离心的centrifuge n.离心机*centripetal a.向心的*chain reaction n.链式反应char n.煤焦charcoal n.木炭chelant n.螯合剂*chlorination n.氯化作用chlorine n.氯，氯气chloro- 氯－chlorobenzene n.氯苯*chlorofluorohydrocarbon n.氯氟烃*chloroform n.氯仿chloroplast n.叶绿体*chromatography n.色谱法，层析cinder n.煤渣，炉渣*cis- 顺－*clarifier n.澄清池，澄清剂claus process n.克劳斯二级脱硫法*CMR--combinative mixed reaction n.完全混和式反应器*coagulation n.凝结coal-tar n.煤焦油coating n.涂敷，涂布cocatalyst n.助催化剂cock n.考克，旋塞*COD--chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量*coefficient n.系数coke n.焦炭cold trap n.冷阱*coliform n.大肠杆菌collaboration n.合作，协作*colloidal a.胶状的*colorimeter n.比色计comminution n.粉碎*common-ion effect n.同离子效应comonomer n.共聚单体compartment n.隔板，间格，部分compatibility n.兼容性，配伍性*competitive adsorption n.竞争吸附complex n.络合物*complexation n.络合作用compleximetric a.络合滴定的composite n.合成物*compost n.堆肥*concentration n.浓度concentration solubility product 浓度溶度积condensation n.冷凝，浓缩*conduit n.导管conjugated acid n.共轭酸*conjugation n.共轭*consecutive reaction n.连串反应conservation n.保存，保护，守恒consistency n.连贯性，粘稠性*console n.控制台，仪表板constant rate pump n.恒流泵*constant temperature bath n.恒温浴*constituent n.成分*contaminant n.污染物*contour n.轮廓线，等值线，周道contractor n.立约人，承包商coprecipitate v.共沉淀correlate v.相关，使相互关联corrode v.腐蚀*corrosion n.腐蚀counter- 逆－countercurrent n.逆流courier n.信使，通信员*covalent a.共价的cracking n.裂解*cresol n.甲酚criteria n.规范，标准*crucible n.坩埚cryogenic a.低温的crystal n.晶体，水晶crystalline a.晶体的*culture n.培养液cure v.硫化，固化cyanide n.氰化物*cyclone n.旋风分离器cylinder n.汽缸Ddata processing 数据处理database n.数据库dec- 癸deca 十decantation n.倾析法*decibel n.分贝deep shaft reactor 深井曝气degenerate n.退化，变性，变质*degrit v.除砂*deplete v.耗尽，弄空*derivative n.衍生物desiccation n.干燥destructive distillation 干馏detention n.停留*detergent n.清洁剂，去垢剂deteriorate v.使恶化，损坏dew n.露*dextrorotatory a.右旋光的di- 二*dialysis n.渗析*diaphragm n.横隔膜diastase n.淀粉酶*diazo- 重氮基diazo salt 重氮盐*dichromate n.重铬酸盐*diesel n.柴油机，内燃机differential potentiometric titration 差示电位滴定*diffraction n.衍射diffraction analysis 衍射分析*diffuser n.扩散器digestion n.消化*diolefin n.二烯烃*dioxins n.二恶英dipole moment 偶极距*direct anodic stripping voltammetry 直接阳极溶出伏安法discrepancy n.误差，偏差discrete a.连续的，离散的*disinfect v.消毒disinfectant n.消毒剂disintegrator n.粉碎机*disposal v.处理，处置dissolved-air flotation 溶气浮选法*distillation n.蒸馏*diurnal a.白天的*DO--dissolved oxygen 溶解氧dosage n.剂量*drainage n.排水，排水设备droplet n.微滴dyes n.染料EE.coli.(escherichia coli) n.埃希氏大肠杆菌ebullating bed 沸腾床ECD--electron capture detector 电子捕获检测器*ecology n.生态学ecosystem n.生态系统*effluent n.出水，流出物*EIA--environmental impact assessment 环境影响评价*electrocapillarity n.电毛细管现象electrolyte n.电解质，电解液electronegativity n.电负性electromicroscope n.电子显微镜*electro-osmosis n.电渗透electroplate n.电镀*eluant n.洗提液empirical a.经验主义的*emulsion n.乳化液，乳浊液encapsulate v.密封endo- 内-*endogenous a.内源的*endrin n.异狄氏剂-ene 烯ennea 九个一组*enthalpy n.焓*entropy n.熵*environmental hormone 环境激素*enzyme n.酶EPA--environmental protection agency 环境保护局*epoxy a.环氧的n.环氧树脂epoxy- 环氧基*equivalent a.等当量的erode v.腐蚀erratic a.不稳定的,不规律的*ester n.酯类-ester 酯esterification n.酯化反应estuary n.河口eth- 乙*ether n.醚-ether 醚ethylene n.乙烯eutection a低共熔体的，易熔的eutrophic a.富营养化的eutrophication n.富营养化evaporation n.蒸发作用*exchange adsorption n.交换吸附excreta n.排泄物*exothermicity n.放热性exponent n.指数*extended aeration 延时曝气*extracellular enzyme 胞外酶*extraction n.萃取extrapolation n.外推法，推断Ffacilities n.设施factoring n.因式分解*facultative a.兼性的ferri- 铁－*ferric a.三价铁的ferrite n.铁素体，铁氧体*ferro- 亚铁－*ferrous a.亚铁的*filamentous n.丝状菌*filtrate n.滤液v.过滤filtration n.过滤flake n.薄片flame spectrophotometry 火焰光度法flap n.活盖，活板*flask n.烧瓶flex n.软管*flocculation n.絮凝*flotation n.气浮，浮选*flowrate n.流量，流速flue-gas desulfurization 烟气脱硫fluffy a.松散的，易碎的fluidized bed 流化床fluoride n.氟化物fluorimetry n.荧光计fluorine n.氟flush v.冲洗，水淹foliage n.植物，树叶*formaldehyde n.甲醛*formalin n.福尔马林*formic a.甲酸的fossil n.化石fractionation n.分馏，分凝free swimming ciliates 游泳型纤毛虫Freon n.氟利昂front-panel n.面板frothing n.起泡*FRP--fiberglass reinforced plastics 玻璃钢fugacity n.逸度full-scale n.实际尺寸a.大规模的fume n.难闻的的气味v.烟熏fungi n.真菌fungicide n.除菌剂G*GAC--granular activated carbon 颗粒活性炭galactose n.半乳糖galvanometer n.检流计*gasifier n.气化器*GC/MS--gas chromatography/mass spectrometry色质联用gel n.冻胶，凝胶generic a.属的，类的geothermal stream 地热流*glucose n.葡萄糖*glycerol n.甘油，丙三醇granular a.颗粒状的granulometry n.粒度分析grating n.光栅，格栅gravel n.砾石gravimetric a.测定重量的*greenhouse effect 温室效应grit n.粗砂，磨料gunite n.水泥砂浆层H*halide n.卤化物*halo- 卤－*halogen n.卤素handbook n.手册，指南*hazardous a.危险的，冒险的*headloss n.水头损失heat capacity at constant pressure 等压热容*heat capacity at constant volume 等容热容helical a.螺旋的helical agitator 螺旋式搅拌器hept- 庚hepta 七herbicide n.除草剂hetero- 杂－*heterogeneity n.不均匀性，异相性*heterotrophic a.异养的hex- 己hexa- 六hinder v.阻止，阻碍hood n.通风橱*hopper n.漏斗hose n.胶管*HPLC--high performance liquid chromatography高压液相色谱*HRT--hydraulic retention time 水力停留时间*humus n.腐殖质*hybridism a.杂化的*hydration n.水合作用*hydraulic a.水力的*hydro- 氢化－*hydrocarbon n.碳氢化合物，烃类hydrochloric acid 盐酸*hydrolysis n.水解*hydrophilic a.亲水的*hydrophobic a.疏水的hydrosol n.水溶胶hydrostatic a.流体静力学的hydroxide n.氢氧化物*hydroxyl- 羟基－hygroscopic a.吸湿性的hyperbola n.双曲线*hypo- 次－*hypochlorite n.次氯酸盐hypothesis n.假设，前提-ic anhydride 酸酐IC--ion chromatography 离子色谱*imhoff a.双层的-imide 酰亚胺*-imine 亚胺immobilize v.使不动，使固定*immobilized enzyme 固定化酶*impeller n.叶轮*in situ n.现场incidence n.发生率*incinerate v.焚烧*incubation n.培养*indicator n.指示剂inert n.惰性inertia n.惯性*influent n.进水*inhalable a.可吸入的*inhibit v.约束，抑制insecticide n.杀虫剂*instrumental analysis 仪器分析intake n.摄入量*intermittent a.间歇式的，周期性的*intracellular enzyme n.胞内酶*intrinsic a.内在的，本质的，固有的*inventory n.（商品.物资等）清单，目录iodine n.碘*ion n.离子*ion exchanger 离子交换剂ionpair n.离子对*IP--inhalable particle 可吸入颗粒物iso- 异－isobutyl- 异丁基*isomer n.同分异构体*isopiestic a.等压的*isopropyl n.异丙基*isotope n.同位素*isotropy n.各向同性iterative method 迭代法Jjack n.起重机，千斤顶，插座K*ketone . n.酮*kinetic a.动力学的L*lactic a.乳酸的lactose n.乳糖*lagoon n.氧化塘*laminar a.层流的*landfill v.填埋LAS--linear alkyl benzene sulfonate 线性烷基苯磺酸盐lathe n.车床lattice n.晶格，点阵，网络结构*leachate n.渗出液，沥出液*lean phase n.贫相levorotatory a.左旋光的lift pipe 提升管*lignin n.木质素*lime n.石灰limestone n.石灰石*liner n.衬里litmus n.石蕊*loading n.负荷logarithmic a.对数的*LPG--liquified petroleum gas 液化石油气lyophilic a.亲液的lysimetric a.溶度的M*manifold n.歧管marsh gas 沼气mass balance 物料衡算*membrane n.膜*mercaptan n.硫醇mercury n.汞meteorological a.气象学的，气象的mesoscale n.中间尺度*meta- 偏－,间位*metabolism n.新陈代谢metallurgical a.冶金学的，冶金术的metasilicate n.硅酸盐metastable a.亚稳态的metathesis n.复分解作用*meth- 甲*methane n.甲烷methodology n.方法学，分类法*methyl- 甲基*microorganism n.微生物microscreening n.超滤*MLSS--mixed liquor suspended solid 混合液中悬浮固体*MLVSS- mixed liquor volatile suspended solid混合液中挥发性悬浮固体moiety n.部分，半个*molality n.(重量) 摩尔浓度molarity n.(体积) 摩尔浓度molecular adsorption 分子吸附moment n.矩mono- 单monome n.单体monophase a.单相的moving-bed reactor 移动床反应器*municipal a.市政的mutagenicity n.诱变性*MW--molecular weight 分子量N*n- 正*naphthalene n.萘，卫生球*napthene n.环烷烃*NDIR--nondispersive infrared method 非分散红外法nebulous a.模糊的neuston n.飘浮生物nitrosation n.亚硝化作用*nitrile n.腈*nitrite n.亚硝酸盐*nitro- 硝基－*nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮nitroso- 亚硝基－*NMHC--non-methane hydrocarbon compounds非甲烷总烃*NMR-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy核磁共振nocturnal a.夜晚的nomenclature n.术语non- 壬*normality n.当量浓度，正态性*nucleophilic a.亲核的O*oct- 辛octa 八octane number 辛烷值odor n.气味off-gas n.废气*off-line a.离线的oil refining 炼油，石油精制*-ol 醇*olephilic a.亲油的*olephobic a.疏油的olfactory a.嗅觉的-one 酮on-line analysis 在线分析*on-site a.在场的，就地的*ORP--oxidation reduction potential 氧化还原电位*ortho- 原－，邻位orthogonal a.直角的，正交的OTE－oxygen transfer efficiency 氧传输效率*OUR－oxygen utlization rates 氧利用效率outfall n.排水口overdraft n.透支，透支额*overflow n./v.溢流oxa- 氧杂－oxalate n.草酸盐oxalic acid 草酸oxidant n.氧化剂oxidase n.氧化酶oxidation n.氧化作用-oxide 氧*oxygen sag curve 氧垂曲线oxygen transfer coefficient 供氧系数-oyl 酰*ozone depletion 臭氧耗竭*ozonization n.臭氧化P*packing n.填料*PAC--powder activated carbon,polyaluminum chloride粉末活性炭，聚合氯化铝paddle n.桨*PAH--polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 多环芳烃PAM--polyacrylamide 聚丙烯酰胺*PAN--peroxy acetyl nitrate 过氧硝酸乙酰酯paper pulp n.纸浆*para- 对－，仲－*paraffin n.烷烃，石蜡particulate n.颗粒物pathogenic a.病原的，致病的*PCB--polychlorinated biphenyl 多氯联苯pent- 戊penta 五*peptide n.肽化合物per- 过－*percolate n.渗透液v.过滤percolation n.渗透perforated plate . 多孔板peristaltic pump 蠕动泵permeate v.渗透*peroxide n.过氧化物*peroxy- 过氧－*pesticide n.农药petroleum ether n.石油醚PFC--polyferric chloride 聚合氯化铁*PFR--plug flow reactor 活塞流反应器pharmaceutical a.制药的，药学的phase change 相变*phenol n.酚类phenolic a.酚的phenolic resin n.酚醛树脂*phenyl n.苯基phosgene n.光气phosphate n.磷酸盐（酯）phosphite n.亚磷酸盐（酯）phosphoric acid 磷酸phosphorus n.磷*photo- 光－*photochemical smog 光化学烟雾photoelectric a.光电的*photolysis n.光解photosensitize v.光敏化*photosynthesis n.光合作用*phreatic pump 潜水泵phthalate n.邻苯二甲酸盐（酯）*physicochemical a.物理化学的*phytoplankton n.浮游植物pigment n.颜料，色素pigmented flagellate n.有色鞭毛虫pilot-scale n.中试*pinene n.松萜,蒎烯pipeline n.管道，线路，管路*piston compressor 活塞压缩机pit n.坑，斗*plankton n.浮游生物*plasma n.等离子体plastifier n.增塑剂plate heat exchanger 板式换热器*plate-and-frame filter press 板框压滤机*plug-flow n.推流，活塞流PM--particulate matter 颗粒物*pneumatic a.气动的，气体的polarography n.极谱法poly- 聚－polyacrylamide n.聚丙烯酰胺polycondensation n.缩聚作用*polycyclic a.多环的polyester n.聚酯polyether n.聚醚polymer n.聚合体*polymeric a.聚合的，聚合物的polyol n.多元醇polysaccharide n.多糖polyurethane n.聚氨酯porcelain n.瓷，瓷器（总称）*porosity n.孔隙性，多孔性porous a.多孔的*potable a.可饮用的，饮用的*potassium n.钾*ppb--part per billion 十亿分之一*ppm-- part per million 百万分之一*ppt--part per trillion 万亿分之一pressurization n.加压*primary a.伯的，一级的prism n.棱镜probalistic a.概率的proceeding n.会刊，科研报告集processing wastewater 工艺废水prop- 丙propeller n.桨propynyl n.丙炔基prototype n.原型，样品*protozoan n.原生动物pseudo- a.伪的*pseudo-first order 伪一级反应pulp n.纸浆*pump head 泵压头*pump lift 泵扬程*PVC--polyvinylchloride 聚氯乙烯pyrene n.芘pyrx n.硼硅酸玻璃pyridine n.嘧啶*pyrolysis n.热解Q*qualitative a.定性的*quantitative a.定量的*quasi- 准*quaternary a.季的，四元的Rradial n.径向radial flow tank 辐流式沉淀池*radon n.氡*raffinate n.萃余液，残液*rainout n.雨洗*rake n.耙rasching ring n.拉西环rated horsepower 额定功率*RBC--rotating biological contactor 生物转盘*reagent n.试剂*recalcitrant a.难降解的，难对付的，难治理的recess n.凹槽*reciprocating a.往复的cystallization n.重结晶rectify v.精馏*reductase n.还原酶reduction gearbox 减速齿轮箱reflux n.回流*refractory a.难降解的refuse n.垃圾，废物，弃物regeneration n.再生regulatory a.调节的，调整的reluctance n.磁阻，阻抗replica n.复制品，拷贝residual analysis 残差分析*resin n.树脂retention n.保留，停留reversion extraction 反萃取*RFC--reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土rheology n.流变学rheological a.流变的*rim take off 周边出水*rising sludge 污泥上浮*roots blower 罗茨鼓风机rotifers n.轮虫*runoff n.地表径流Ssaccharide n.糖类salicylic a.水杨酸的salicylic acid 水杨酸salinity n.含盐量salting out 盐析，加盐分离saponification n.皂化sarcoidina n.肉足纲saturated a.饱和的SBR--sequential batch reactor 序批式反应器*scour v.冲刷*scraper n.刮泥机*screening n.滤余物，格栅*scrub v.洗涤*scum n.泡沫seal n.密封剂seam v.缝，接缝*secondary a.仲的，二级的*sedimentation n.沉淀*separation n.分离*septic tank 化粪池，厌氧处理槽*settle v.沉降*sewage n.污水，下水道*sewer n.下水道*sewerage n.污水工程，排水工程*shear a.剪切的n.剪力，切力sheath n.外皮，外罩，套，涂料shock load 冲击负荷*sieve n.筛silica gel 硅胶*silt n.淤泥，泥砂，泥浆*sink n.污水坑，洗涤槽，贮水池siphon n.虹吸*skimmer n.撇沫器*slime n.粘泥slit n.窄缝*sludge n.污泥slug n.冲击，强击*slurry n.泥浆，粘泥，淤浆sodium n.钠solubility product 溶度积*soluble a.可溶的solute n.溶质*solvent n.溶剂soot n.烟黑*sorption n.吸着*spare part 备件spatial a.空间的speciation n.形态分析*spectrophotometer n.分光光度计spectrum n.光谱，频谱spent a.剩余的，废液spherical valve 球阀spiral-flow n.螺旋流stalked ciliates 柄纤毛虫standard deviation 标准偏差starch n.淀粉*stearic a.硬脂的stereoisomer n.立体异构体*sterile a.无菌的stoichiometric a.化学当量的strapping pump 计量泵*stratification n.成层作用*stratosphere n.平流层*stripping n.气提strong solution 浓溶液*styrene n.苯乙烯sublimate v.升华*substrate n.基质sulfanilic a.苯磺酸的*sulfate n.硫酸盐*sulfite n.亚硫酸盐*sulfuric a.硫酸的*sulfurous a.亚硫酸的sump n.贮槽，污物贮存器surface aerator 表面曝气器surge tank 平衡池，缓冲罐，中间池suspended a.悬浮的SVI--sludge volume index 污泥体积指数symposium n.专题讨论会，专题论文集*syndet n.合成洗涤剂synthesize v.合成T*tandem n.串联*taper a.渐减的n.锥形，锥度*taper aeration 渐减曝气Telfon n.聚四氟乙烯temporal a.暂时的，时间的teratogenicity n.致畸性*tertiary a.叔的，第三代的，第三的tetra- 四tetrachloride n.四氯化物*thermal a.热的，热敏的*thermal decomposition 热分解thermal resistance 热阻thermistor n.热敏电阻，温度计*thermocouple n.热电偶*thermodynamic a.热力学的thermolysis n.热分解thio- 硫代thiosulfate n.硫代硫酸盐*titanium dioxide 二氧化钛*titration n.滴定TKN 总凯氏氮*TOC--total organic carbon 总有机碳*toluene n.甲苯*toxicity n.毒性transmittance n.透光度transpiration n.蒸腾*treatment n.处理tri- 三*trickling a.滴流的triol n.三元醇*trophicity n.营养度*troposphere n.对流层*trough n.槽turbidimeter n.浊度计*turbidity n.浊度U*UASB--upflow anaerobic sludge bed 上流式厌氧污泥床ultrafiltration n.超滤*ultrasonic a.超声的*ultraviolet n.紫外线*urea n.尿素V*valve n.球形阀valve tray 浮阀塔板variance analysis n.方差分析varnish n.清漆*Venture n.文丘里vinyl- 乙烯基viscometer n.粘度计vitreous a.玻璃状的，透明的*VOC--volatile organic compounds 挥发性有机物*void fraction 空隙率*volatile a.挥发性的volumetric flask 容量瓶*vortex n.漩涡，涡流vulcanize v.硫化W*WAO--wet air oxidation 湿式空气氧化warehouse n.仓库，货栈*washout n.洗脱*watershed n.水域weak acid 弱酸wedge n.楔形weighted average 加权平均值*weir n.堰worm condenser 旋管冷凝器xerogel n.固溶胶*xylene n.二甲苯*xylose n.木糖*yeast n.酵母-yne 炔Z*zeolite n.沸石*zoogloea n.菌胶团*zwiiter-ion n.两性离子。

环境工程专业英语常用词汇表

环境工程专业英语常用词汇表AAQS 环境空气质量标准AARS 机载观测资料自动发送系统ABL 大气边界层ACCAD 世界气候应用及资料计划咨询委员会ACMAD 非洲气象学应用促进发展中心ADI 容许日摄入量ADR 欧洲危险货物国际公路运输协定abatement 减低；降低；减少abiotic 无生命的；非生物的abrasive 磨料; 磨蚀剂; 有磨蚀作用的absorber （of long-wave radiation) 长波辐射吸收剂absorber vessel 吸收器; 吸收装置absorbing ability 吸收能力absorption 吸收作用absorptive complex 吸收性复合体abundance 丰度acceptable daily intake 容许日摄入量acceptance test 验收试验accident management 事故管理accidental spill 事故性溢漏acetate moiety 乙酸根；乙酸基acetylene dichloride 对称二氯乙烯acid fallout 酸性沈降物acid fog 酸雾acid mist 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acid sulphate soils 酸性硫酸盐土；热带沼泽林土acid(ic)deposit（ion) 酸性沈积物acid(ic) precipitation 酸性降水acid（ic）snow 酸雪acid-affected 受酸影响的；受酸危害的acid—causing substance 致酸物质acid-forming substance 成酸物质acidifying substance 酸化物质acidogenic bactria 产酸细菌acid-producing bacteria 产酸细菌acrylonitrile vapour 丙烯腈蒸气action area 行动区域；预定自然保护区action level 触发行动水平; 行动阈值Action Plan for the Biosphere Reserves 生物圈保护区行动计划Action Plan for the Programme of Studies 气候对人类影响研究计划的行动计划Action Plan for the Protection of the Atmosphere 保护大气行动计划action spectrum 作用光谱activated carbon 活性炭activated sludge 活性污泥activation of a response plan 实行应急计划active 活性的active solar energy system 现用的太阳能系统acyclic 无环的acyl nitrite 亚硝酸酰基酯acyl radical 酰基Ad Hoc Group of Legal Experts on Dumping 倾弃问题特设法律专家组add—on hardware 添加硬件add-on technology 增添技术adiabatic process 绝热过程administrative charges 管理费adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adverse climate change 不利的气候变化adverse effect 不利效应; 不利影响adverse environment effect 对环境不利的影响adverse health effect 对健康不利的影响adverse impact 不利影响Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会（海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会(海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases 致温室效应气体问题咨询小组aeronautical climatology 航空气候学Aeronautical Meteorology Programme 航空气象学计划aerosol 气溶胶; 烟雾体aerosol （spray—）can 喷雾罐；气溶胶喷罐aerosol dispenser 气溶胶喷罐；气溶胶发生器aerosol load 气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量AFBC 常压流化床燃烧AFC 区域预报中心afforestation 造林；绿化aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲部长级环境会议African NGO Environment Network 非洲非政府组织环境网after-care of disposal sites 垃圾堆置场的使用后管理aftershock 余震AGCM 大气环流模型Agricultural Meteorology Programme 农业气象学计划agrochemicals 农用化学品agroclimatic 农业气候的agroclimatological zoning 农业气候分区agrometeorology 农业气象学A-horizon 淋溶层; A层air barrier 气障；气泡阻挡层；气泡屏蔽air chemistry 大气化学air column 气柱air current 气流air injection system 空气喷射系统air intrusion 气流侵袭air mass 气团air monitoring 大气监测air parcel 气块air pollutant 空气污染物air pollution 空气污染air pollution control 空气污染控制air pollution load 空气污染物浓度; 空气污染物含量air shed 大气补给分界线air shower 大气中宇宙线的簇射air surveillance 空气污染监视airborne contaminant 气载污染物airborne emissions 空气中的排放物airborne fraction of carbon 空气中的碳化合物馏分airborne particulates 空气中的悬浮微粒; 气载微粒airborne pollutant concentration 气载污染物浓度如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http；// airborne pollution 大气污染；空气污染airborne system 机载系统airborne transport 大气输运aircraft(—based）observations 机上观测airflow 气流air—fuel ratio 空气燃油比air-sea boundary layer 大气海洋边界层；海-气边界层air—sea interaction 大气海洋相互作用；海-气相互作用air—sea interface 大气海洋界面；海—气界面albedo 反照率；反射率albedo radiation 反照辐射algae control 藻类控制algal bloom 水华；藻华；藻类大量繁殖alicyclic 脂环族的aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alkadiene 链二烯alkali metal 碱金属alkaline—earth metal 碱土金属alkalinization 碱化; 碱化作用alkane 烷; 链烷烃alkene 烯；链烯烃alkyd resins 醇酸树脂alkyl aluminium halide 卤化烷基铝alkyl nitrate 硝酸烷基酯alkyl nitrite 亚硝酸烷基酯alkylphosphonothio dihalide 烷基硫代膦酰二卤alkyne 炔; 链炔烃alleviating measures 缓和措施；减轻措施allowable daily intake 容许日摄入量alluvial deposit 冲积物; 冲积层alluviation 冲积；冲积作用allyl chlorocarbonate 氯甲酸烯丙酯alterant 备用方案alternative development 可选择的发展alternative fuel 代用燃料alternative technology 可选择的技术altitude distribution 高度分布；垂直方向分布ambient air 环境大气；环境空气ambient air monitor 环境空气监测ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient quality standard 环境质量标准ambient standard 环境标准AMCEN 非洲部长级环境会议amenities of the countryside 乡村的舒适amenity rights 舒适环境的权利；舒适权amine ring 氨基环ammonia (NH3）氨ammonia solution (NH4OH) 氨溶液；氢氧化铵；氨水ammonia water 氨水; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵ammonium hydrogen sulphite （NH4HSO3) 亚硫酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵；氨溶液；氨水ammonium sulphate (（NH4)2SO4) 硫酸铵ammonium superphosphate 过磷酸铵ammonolysis 氨解作用ammoxidation 氨解氧化作用；氨氧化反应作用amplification factor 放大因子anaerobic conditions 缺氧情况ANEN 非洲非政府组织环境网animal density 动物密度anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anomalous fluctuations 反常起伏；反常波动anomaly 反常；异常Antarctic Circle 南极圈Antarctic ozone hole 南极臭氧层空洞Antarctic springtime ozone depletion 南极春季臭氧消耗Antarctic stratospheric circumpolar vortex 南极平流层环极涡旋anthropogenic 源于人类活动的; 人为的anticipatory environmental action 防患未然的环保行动anti—desertification programme 防止沙漠化计划antioxidant 抗氧化剂；防老化剂anti-trade 反信风APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备appliance labelling 电器用品贴上标签如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http；//www。

环境与保护相关词汇

环境与保护相关词汇环境问题是全球关注的焦点，保护环境已成为当务之急。

以下是与环境与保护相关的一些关键词汇。

一、污染与治理1. 大气污染（air pollution）- 指空气中存在的有害物质，如二氧化硫、二氧化氮等。

2. 水污染（water pollution）- 指水体中存在的污染物质，如重金属、有机物等。

3. 土壤污染（soil pollution）- 指土壤中含有的有害物质，如农药残留、工业废弃物等。

4. 垃圾处理（waste management）- 指对废弃物的分类、处理和利用，包括回收、焚烧和填埋等方式。

5. 环境治理（environmental governance）- 指通过政府、企业和个人的合作来改善环境问题的管理方法。

二、可持续发展1. 温室气体（greenhouse gas）- 指导致全球变暖的气体，如二氧化碳、甲烷等。

2. 低碳经济（low-carbon economy）- 指能源使用和碳排放较低的经济模式，以减缓气候变化。

3. 可再生能源（renewable energy）- 指自然界能够源源不断产生的能源，如太阳能、风能等。

4. 生物多样性（biodiversity）- 指地球上各类生物的多样性，包括物种多样性、基因多样性和生态系统多样性。

5. 生态系统（ecosystem）- 指由生物和非生物因素相互作用所形成的系统，如森林、湿地等。

三、环境保护行动1. 环保意识（environmental awareness）- 指个体对环境问题认识和关注的程度。

2. 低碳生活（low-carbon lifestyle）- 指通过减少能源消耗和减少碳排放来降低个体对气候变化的贡献。

3. 绿色计划（green initiative）- 指为改善环境和推动可持续发展而采取的行动和政策，如节能减排计划等。

4. 环境教育（environmental education）- 指通过教育手段提高公众的环保意识和环境知识。

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