2021年高考英语 语法填空答题技巧及历年真题

2021年高考英语 语法填空答题技巧及历年真题【语法填空考点】纯空格题：冠词：a,an,the代词介词：in,at,on,above,below,through,across,onto,into,over,after,before,as(做为)等连词起连接作用的副词：however,therefore,thus,besides ，then,next,first,also,instead ，too,never,not 等有提示题： 谓语动词的时态和语态（主谓一致）表具体某次情况：to do非谓语动词 作主语/宾语 表习惯/一般情况：doing作目的/结果/形容词后的状语：to do(adj. enough to do,too...to do,only to do等)主动或正在进行：doing作定语/状语/补语： 被动或完成：done未发生：to do形容词和副词及其对应的比较级、最高级和词类转换（词性转换、加否定或反义的前/后缀）等。

【语法填空七字诀】“全”：看完整句；“位”：确定空格所处的位置，分清在句子当中充当什么作用（词性为主）；“考”：知道考什么；“形”：知道用什么形式（主被动，词性的变化，特别是不规则词形的变化和书写等）；“断”：对于长难句，要学会断句（断成相对完整的小单位，使空格的位置明朗化）；“删”：对于复杂句，要学会删掉修饰部分，让句子的基本结构浮出水面。

“查”：填完后，读一遍，看是否自然通顺、前后一致、符合逻辑，看整体是否完整。

指示代词：this,that,those,these人称代词：I ，me,them,they,he,his 等形容词性物主代词：your,my,his,its 等名词性物主代词：mine,his,its,hers,yours,ours反身代词：themselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,ourselves 等 不定代词：another,other,some,many,much, little,anything,somebody,no,such 等 关系代词：who,whom,which,that,as 等疑问代词：what,whatever,which,who 等 从属连词：since(既然，自从),because,as(因为),although,though,after,before 并列连词: but,not only...but also...;or,and,for （因为）等考点1. 动词的时态和语态(1). The sun was setting down when my car ______ ( break ) down near a remote and poor village .(2). Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ ( result ) in the contrary to our intention.(3). That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ___________ (close) my book and walked away.(4). I ________________ (impress) by its garden-like campus, its enthusiastic students and especially its learning atmosphere.(5). They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually ____________ (follow) orders.【小结】动词的时态、语态是每年的考点，也是历年高考重点考查的项目，通常1-2道题。

重点考查的是时态，且多与语态一起考查。

时态理解错误在考生中是常见的，把握的意图是至关重要的。

【解题思路】1). 先判断所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，2). 谓语动词的话，判断用主动语态还是被动语态，3). 判断用哪种时态（根据时间状语、另一动词或具体的语境、）。

4). 确定所填动词的形式，保证谓语动词时态、语态、人称和数的一致。

5). 特别注意：时态变化时不规则动词的拼写。

考点2 . 非谓语动词(1). Miss Bean expected me to have my own opinion about difficult questions and taught me that____________ (think) for oneself was the real key to success in learning.(2). With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _________ (buy) presents for my dad.(3). _____________ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(4). The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ____________ (carry) out regularly, can improve our health.(5). __________ (seat) in your home, your are capable of finding a lot of sources.(6). Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely __________ (succeed).(7). With the problem ________ (solve), I felt proud of my achievement.(8). My pupils, Donnie _____________ (include), adored her.(9). Therefore, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results (include) high scores and abundant knowledge.(10). The last one ______________ (arrive) pays the meal.(11). Before ______________ (e) into the house in Japan, it is good manner to take off your coat.(12). Once _______ ( ask), everyone needs to co-operate without hesitation.(13). From his bag he took out a bowl of ___________ (boil) rice and started to eat.(14). Then I went to a post office to have them (deliver) by air without delay.(15). Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building 22 . (lie) all over the place.【小结】非谓语动词每年必考，至少1道题，主要考查：1). 动名词和不等式做宾语的区别；2). 非谓语动词做宾补的区别；3). 非谓语动词的时态、语态、否定式和复合结构。

【解题思路】1)确定非谓语动词；（先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给的动词就是非谓语动词）2)确定用哪种非谓语动词；（在句子中作什么句子成分，结合固定搭配和习惯用法）3)确定语态；（结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定填哪种语态）4)确定用那种时态；（非谓语动词所表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作生的先后关系确定时态）考点3. 形容词、副词(1). Then he started spending money on 37 （necessary）things. When we got together for a meal at a restaurant, Al paid every time.(2). It worked 40._________（well）than I had ever imagined, and before long she knew every kid’s name, and they were all playing tag—a kind of game!(3). They said their finding was much more 36 (color)than it should have been.(4).I am not at all used to this cold weather, 31 I am glad to say that I have all the clothes forthis 32 (freeze) weather.(5). The Old Library today contains about 13,000 manuscripts and more than 800,000 books, and many of them are very ____________ (value).(6). Only in this way will you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time 9.________(proper)．(7). When the horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening, he will stop _____________ (frequent) to look back, making sure that the other isn’t too far behind to hear the bell.(8). He had witnessed too many deaths and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years __________ (early), in which 40,000 people were killed, wounded or missing.(9). One of the __________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.(10). I may ____________（probable）protest loudly when you try to wake me up.【小结】主要考查点是形容词作定语、形容词和副词的比较级、形容词和副词的相互转换等。