中国历史(皇帝)简介英文版(可修改).ppt
秦始皇 Qín Shǐ Huáng (259-210 BC)—中国历史人物英文介绍
秦始皇Qín ShǐHuáng (259-210 BC)The 'First Emperor' of ChinaQin Shi Huang, which literally means the First Emperor of Qin, was a foundational figure inChina's history. He not only united the country, but also introduced an imperial rule that lastedfor more than 2,000 years.Qin's personal name was Ying Zheng. His father was once sent to the State of Zhao by the rulerof the State of Qin as a hostage. Later, with the help of a merchant called Lu Buwei, Qin's fathermanaged to return to the State of Qin and later became the King of Qin.However, the king died three years after he ascended to the throne and his son, Ying Zheng,succeeded to power when he was only 13 years old.The boy king appointed Lu as prime minister to help him administer the state while he focusedon Chinese classics, philosophy, history and military theories. He did not assume administrativepower and rule by himself until he was 22 years old.Then, he immediately hired highly talented politicians,advisers, scholars and military leaders tohelp him. Among them was Li Si, an influential prime minister of the State of Qin and later theQin Dynasty (221-206 BC).During that time, the country was divided by seven warring states, namely, Qin, Han, Zhao, Wei,Yan, Qi and Chu. Following Prime Minister Li's advice, the young king of Qin launched acampaign to destroy the other six states and united the country for the first time.To that end, Li schemed first to sow discord among the other states and then he routed themone by one.It took 15 years of relentless efforts, numerous battles and many plots for the King of Qin toconquer the other six states and establish the Qin Dynasty in a united country.The King of Qin then proclaimed himself the "First Emperor." Prime Minister Li told the newly crowned emperor that to consolidate his power and build upcentralized authority, a series of social, economical, political, cultural and government reformsmust be carried out.Following his advice, the emperor introduced new laws and divided the country into prefecturesand counties. Hestandardized weights, measures, currency and written language to facilitateeconomic development and trade and create a uniform cultural identity.He ordered the construction and connecting of various sections of defense walls to form theGreat Wall in northern China in an attempt to fend off nomadic invaders. He ordered a vast roadsystem built.But there was resistance to wide-ranging reforms and to stamp out opposition, the emperor and prime minister launched the notorious campaign of "Burning Books and Burying Confucianists."A huge number of books, particularly political texts, were burned and hundreds of scholarsburiedalive.It is said that the emperor buried 460 people alive, mostly warlords who had claimed heobsessed with unlimited power and enjoyed indiscriminately killing innocent people.The First Emperor also built some magnificent palaces, none of which survived.However, his city-sized mausoleum and thousands of life-sized terracotta warriors still stand 30km east of Xi'an, the ancient capital in northwest China, attracting millions of visitors every year.The First Emperor died during a tour in eastern China in 210 BC and he was succeeded by his sonQin Er Shi, who was also called the Second Emperor of Qin.But the son lacked his father's stature and only a few years after he took the throne the QinDynasty collapsed at a time of nationwide unrest and violent peasant uprisings.。
中国文化(千古一帝英文版)
Philosso followed the school of the five elements, earth, wood, metal, fire and water.（五德終始說） Zhao Zheng's birth element is water, which is connected with the colour black. It was also believed that the royal house of the previous dynasty Zhou had ruled by the power of fire, which was the color red. The new Qin dynasty must be ruled by the next element on the list, which is water, represented by the color black. Black became the color for garments, flags, pennants. Other associations include north as the cardinal direction, winter season and the number six.Tallies and official hats were six inches long, carriages six feet wide, one pace (步) was 6 ft (1.8 m).
Eveluation
During his reign, his generals greatly expanded the size of the Chinese state: campaigns south of Chu permanently added the Yue lands of Hunan and Guangdong to the Chinese cultural orbit; campaigns in Central Asia conquered the Ordos loop from the nomad Xiongnu, although eventually causing their confederation under Modu Chanyu. Qin Shi Huang also worked with his minister Li Si to enact major economic and politic reforms aimed at the standardization of the diverse practices of the earlier Chinese states. This process also led to the banning and burning of many books and the execution of recalcitrant scholars.
秦始皇英文介绍ppt
My opinion
Although he brought people heavy disaster in later life , his achievement for china is far more than his error.
Qin shi huang
The first emperor of China an outstanding state sman and strategist in the history of china.
Really name : Ying zheng
Age : 259 BC ---- 210 BC Identity : son of Zhuang xiangwang 223 BC : become the King of Qin (At the age of 13) 230 BC to 240 BC : wipe out the other six countries 240 BC : become the first emperor of China Outstanding statesman and strategist
contributions
• Centralization of Power（中央集权 • As an emperor,he initiated a series of reforms aimed at establishing a fully centralized administration to avoid the rise of independent states
Set the prime minister（丞相）, TaiWei（太 尉） and YuShiDaFu（御史大夫）in the central.
中国历史(皇帝)简介英文版ppt
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Байду номын сангаас
Wartime
Three Kingdom Period (220-265 AD). Three kingdoms including Wei（Cao Cao）,Shu(Liu Bei),
of dynasty.
Qin (221-20IBC),three emperors
Qin Shi huang
Qin Terracotta
Warriors and Horses
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Han Dynasty
The first emperor of Han ——Liu Bang
The most famous emperor of Han——Liu Che
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handwriting
The famous emperor of Tang—— Li Shi Min
picture
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Poetry of Du Fu
Wartime
At the end of Tang Dynasty ,there were many wars ,we call this a period of time “Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period(9O7--96O AD) ”This is the continuation and development of the Late Tang Dynasty opposite to the splittism.
Wu(Sun Quan),and Shu belongs to SiChuan province today.
中国历史简介英文(16页)
China's Historical Overview in English(16 Pages)Page 1: Ancient China (Prehistoric Era to Qin Dynasty)The history of China stretches back over 5,000 years, beginning with the prehistoric era when early humansinhabited the region. The Xia Dynasty, though largely mythical, is often considered the first dynasty of China. The Shang Dynasty, which followed, left behind the earliest written records and a rich collection of bronze artifacts. The Zhou Dynasty saw the development of Confucianism and Taoism, two of the major philosophical systems that would shape Chinese culture.Page 2: The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States PeriodThe Spring and Autumn Period, named after the chronicle "The Spring and Autumn Annals," was a time of rapid social and political change. This era was marked the decline of the Zhou Dynasty and the rise of several states vying for power. The subsequent Warring States Period was a period of intense warfare and philosophical development, including the birth of Legalism.Page 3: The Qin Dynasty (221206 BC)The Qin Dynasty, though shortlived, was pivotal in Chinese history. Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of aunified China, standardized the writing system, currency, and measurements. He also began construction of the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army, which continues to astound visitors today.Page 4: The Han Dynasty (206 BC AD 220)The Han Dynasty is often cited as one of the golden ages of Chinese history. It saw the expansion of the Silk Road, which facilitated trade and cultural exchange with the West. The Han Dynasty also saw the development of Buddhism in China and the establishment of a civil service system based on merit.Page 5: The Three Kingdoms, Jin Dynasty, and the Southern and Northern DynastiesThe Three Kingdoms period, romanticized in the historical novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms," was a time of fragmentation and warfare following the fall of the Han Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty reunified the north, but the country soon split again into the Southern and Northern Dynasties, leading to a period of cultural diversity and technological innovation.Page 6: The Sui Dynasty (581618)The Sui Dynasty, though shortlived, managed to reunify China. It is known for the construction of the Grand Canal, which linked the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, facilitating trade and transportation across the vast territory.Page 7: The Tang Dynasty (618907)The Tang Dynasty is renowned for its cultural achievements and economic prosperity. It is often referred to as the "Age of Unity andProsperity." The Tang Dynasty saw the flourishing of poetry, with poets like Li Bai and Du Fu, and the expansion of foreign trade along the Silk Road.Page 8: The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907960)The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period was a time of political fragmentation. Despite the lack of a central authority, this era saw the continuation of cultural and economic developments, particularly in the south.(To be continued)Page 9: The Song Dynasty (9601279)The Song Dynasty is celebrated for its economicrevolution and cultural advancements. The era saw the early development of a market economy, the introduction of paper money, and remarkable innovations in agriculture and technology. The Song Dynasty also nurtured a flourishing ofthe arts, with landscape painting reaching new heights andthe philosophical school of NeoConfucianism gaining prominence.Page 10: The Yuan Dynasty (12711368)Established the Mongolian leader Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty marked the first time that all of China was ruled nonHan Chinese. The Yuan Dynasty is notable for its patronage of the arts and its administrative organization, whichincluded the establishment of the Yuan Shikai, a precursor to modernday postal systems.Page 11: The Ming Dynasty (13681644)The Ming Dynasty is renowned for its maritime expeditions, notably those led the explorer Zheng He, which reached asfar as Africa and the Middle East. The dynasty is also famous for its architectural achievements, including theconstruction of the Forbidden City and the reinforcement ofthe Great Wall. The Ming era saw a flourishing of literature and drama, with the latter exemplified the works of Tang Xianzu.Page 12: The Qing Dynasty (16441912)The Qing Dynasty, established the Manchu people, was the last imperial dynasty of China. It reached its territorial zenith under Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong, expanding China's borders to include Tibet, Xinjiang, and Mongolia. However,the latter part of the dynasty was marked internal strife, foreign invasions, and the humiliating Boxer Protocol, leading to the decline of imperial power.Page 13: The Xinhai Revolution and the Republic of China The Xinhai Revolution of 1911 led to the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China under the leadership of Sun Yatsen. The early years of the republic were tumultuous, with warlordism and the strugglefor power between the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) and the Communist Party.Page 14: The Chinese Civil War and the Establishment of the People's Republic of ChinaThe Chinese Civil War, which began in the late 1920s and ended in 1949, resulted in the victory of the Communist Party and the establishment of the People's Republic of China Mao Zedong. The new regime implemented sweeping land reforms and began the process of collectivization, which would have profound effects on Chinese society.Page 15: The Cultural Revolution and its AftermathThe Cultural Revolution, initiated Mao Zedong in 1966, was a radical sociopolitical movement aimed at purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society. It led to widespread violence and the destruction of historical artifacts. The period following the CulturalRevolution was marked a shift towards economic reform and opening up to the world.Page 16: Modern China and the Path to the FuturePage 17: The Reform and Openingup PolicyDeng Xiaoping's leadership in the late 1970s brought about the Reform and Openingup Policy, which transformed China's economy from a centrally planned system to a market economy. This policy allowed foreign investment, established special economic zones, and encouraged private enterprise. The result was an economic boom that lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty and turned China into a global manufacturing hub.Page 18: The Rise of China's Tech GiantsPage 19: China's Space ExplorationChina's space program has made significant strides, including the successful launch of the Shenzhou spacecraft series and the construction of the Tiangong Space Station. In 2020, China became the second country to land a rover on the far side of the moon, demonstrating its ambition and capability in space exploration.Page 20: Environmental Challenges and Green InitiativesPage 21: Belt and Road InitiativeAnnounced in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative is a global development strategy aimed at enhancing regionalconnectivity and economic integration. It involves infrastructure development and investments in countries across Asia, Europe, and Africa. The initiative reflects China's desire to take a more active role in global affairs and to expand its influence.Page 22: China's Role in Global DiplomacyChina has increasingly engaged in global diplomacy, playing a key role in international organizations such as the United Nations. It has also established strategic partnerships with countries around the world. However,China's assertiveness in regional disputes, particularly in the South China Sea, has raised concerns about its geopolitical intentions.Page 23: The Pursuit of Soft PowerRecognizing the importance of soft power, China has been promoting its culture and language through initiatives like the establishment of Confucius Institutes worldwide. These institutes offer Chinese language and cultural courses, contributing to the global spread of Chinese language and culture.Page 24: ConclusionChina's history is a tapestry of dynasties, revolutions, and rapid modernization. From the ancient dynasties that laid the foundation for Chinese civilization to the modern era oftechnological advancement and global engagement, China's story is one of resilience, innovation, and transformation. As China continues to evolve, its historical narrative will no doubt continue to influence its role on the world stage.。
中国历史(英文)History of ChinaPowerPoint 演示文稿
A Brief Chinese History
From Yuanmou Man to Beijing Man
Yuanmou Man
(1.7 million years ago; 1965; earliest; stand to walk)
Lantian Man
(650,000-800,000years ago; 1963-1964)
6,000-7,000 years ago Matriarchal commune Pottery (red) 1921, Henan
Longshan Culture
6,000-7,000 years ago Patriarchal commune Pottery (black) 1928, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi
Periods (The Eastern Zhou Dynasty) The Qin and Han Dynasties The Three Kingdoms, The Jin, The Southern
and Northern Dynasties The Sui and Tang Dynasties The Five Dynasties, the Song and the Yuan The Ming Dynasty The Qing Dynasty
Jin Dynasty---Western Jin (265 - 316)
--- Eastern Jin (317 - 420)
Northern and Southern Dynasties
---Northern Dynasties (386 - 581)
--- Southern Dynasties (420 - 589)
中国历史英文History of China ppt课件
Jin Dynasty---Western Jin (265 - 316)
--- Eastern Jin (317 - 420)
Northern and Southern Dynasties
---Northern Dynasties (386 - 581)
--- Southern Dynasties (420 - 589)
6,000-7,000 years ago Matriarchal commune Pottery (red) 1921, Henan
Longshan Culture
6,000-7,000 years ago Patriarchal commune Pottery (black) 1928, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi
farming) Jie (the last emperor of Xia.) Qi – Jie, 13 generations, 472 years
A Brief Chinese History
The Shang Dynasty
Xia Dynasty---21st - 16th century BC
Shang Dynasty---16th - 11th century BC
Zhou Dynasty---Western Zhou (11th century BC - 771 BC)
--- Eastern Zhou
---Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC)
---Warring States Period (476 BC - 221 BC)
Qin Dynasty---221 BC - 206 BC
中国历史(皇帝)简介英文版知识讲解
Dong Zhou(770-256BC) 26 emperors in total
Oracle Bronze work
Slave society to Feudal society
Dong Zhou come into being many kingdoms,we call this a period of time “Spring and Autumn period ”.This is the time we from slave society to feudal society.
Wu(Sun Quan),and Shu belongs to SiChuan province today.
Jin Dynasty(265-402AD) Xi Jin(265-316AD) 4 emperors in all Dong Jin(317-402AD) 11 emperors
Then followed Sixteen States Period ,Northern and Southern Dynasties .581AD,Yang Jian built up the Sui Dynasty(581681AD),his son Yang Guang died out the kingdom in 681.
of dynasty.
Qin (221-20IBC),three emperors
Qin Shi huang
Qin Terracotta
Warriors and Horses
Han Dynasty
The first emperor of Han ——Liu Bang
The most famous emperor of Han——Liu Che
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Many famous people are belong to this times,such as Confucius, Mencius .
Chime,a kind of instrument
The Analects
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4
First united dynasty
——Qin Dynasty
221BC, Qin Shi huang built up the first The Great Wall centralization in Chinese history to unify
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8
Great society—Tang dynasty
618AD,Li Yuan established Tang Dynasty,his son Li Shi Min well managed the country,people are very wealthy.Then, Li Long Ji followed his step,and made many innovations,the country becomes stronger and richer.At that time,Tang was well-known to the whole world.907AD,Tang died out,there were 22 emperors in total.Besides the only empress in history—— Wu Ze Tian.
of dynasty.
Qin (221-20IBC),three emperors
Qin Shi huang
Qin Terracotta
Warriors and Horses
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5
Han Dynasty
The first emperor of Han ——Liu Bang
Han Dynasty
The most famous emperor of Han——Liu Che
Wu(Sun Quan),and Shu belongs to SiChuan province today.
Jin Dynasty(265-402AD) Xi Jin(265-316AD) 4 emperors in all Dong Jin(317-402AD) 11 emperors
Then followed Sixteen States Period ,Northern and Southern Dynasties .581AD,Yang Jian built up the Sui Dynasty(581681AD),his son Yang Guang died out the kingdom in 681.
In Xi Han, Buddhism recommended in China through the Silk Road
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7
Wartime
Three Kingdom Period (220-265 AD). Three kingdoms including Wei（Cao Cao）,Shu(Liu Bei),
Zhou Dynasty
Dong Zhou(770-256BC) 26 emperors in total
优选
Oracle Bronze work
3
Slave society to Feudal society
Dong Zhou come into being many kingdoms,we call this a period of time “Spring and Autumn period ”.This is the time we from slave society to feudal society.
优选
11
Song Dynasty
compass
Zhao Kuang Yin
Song Ci
Song divided into Bei Song and Nan Song
Then followed another six emperors
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2
Coin
Xia XDyianaDstyynasty (2197-1766BC) 17 emperors in total
Shang Dynasty (1600-1046BC) 31 emperors in total
Xi Zhou(1046-771BC) 12 emperors in total
中国历代皇帝
Chinese emperors from various dynasties
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1
Ancient times
Emperors
Yan Emperor
Emperor Biblioteka uanYuanShiThey are the ancestors of Chinese people,the idiom“Chinese descendant” comes from here.
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9
handwriting
The famous emperor of Tang—— Li Shi Min
picture
优选
Poetry of Du Fu
10
Wartime
At the end of Tang Dynasty ,there were many wars ,we call this a period of time “Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period(9O7--96O AD) ”This is the continuation and development of the Late Tang Dynasty opposite to the splittism.
Xi Han (206BC-8AD ) 13 emperors
9-25AD,there is a minister Wang Mang usurped the throne
Dong Han(25-220AD) 13 emperors
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6
In Han Dynasty, Confucianism becomes the orthodox of our country.