定语从句及例题汇编

高考英语语法复习：定语从句

概念：在复合句中，用来修饰某个名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫做定语从句。

一、定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导：

1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词：when, where, why

二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：

1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）

2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能用that引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）

三、关系代词的用法：

1.who 指人(引导限制性定语从句可做主语和宾语；引导非限制性定语从句只做主语)

whom 指人(作宾语)

a.The person_______ is standing at the school gate is my best friend.

b.The person _______they are talking about is my best friend.

2.that 指人、物(作主语、宾语、表语只能引导限制性定语从句)

a.The person_______ is standing at the school gate is my best friend.

b.The person _______they are talking about is my best friend.

c.My hometown is no longer the place ______ it was ten years ago.

d.He is not the man ______ he used to b

e.

3.which 指物(作主语、宾语)

The book ________ I am reading is written by Thomas.

4.whose 指人、物(作定语)

1.He lives in a big house______ window faces the sea.

=He lives in a big house the window of which faces the sea.

=He lives in a big house of which the window faces the sea.

2.Mr Smith , ________ house was robbed ,reported it to the police.

=Mt Smith , the house of whom was robbed, reported it to the police.

= Mt Smith , of whom the house was robbed, reported it to the police.

5.as 指人、物(作主语、宾语、表语)

①与the same/ such /so 连用，引导限制性定语从句

Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.

Here is such a big stone as no one can lift.

This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.(同样的但不是同一支)

This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.（是同一支）

②引导非限制性定语从句, 既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子as 常用在以下结构中。(而which 引导的非限制性定语从句放在主句之后或主句之中)

as+主语+see /know/expect/imagine/suppose

as is seen/ known/ expected/ imagined/ supposed/ announced

as often happens/as has been said before/as is often the case

As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China./As Engels pointed, labor created man himself. /He went abroad, as we expected.

【即学即用】

1.They wouldn’t agree to sell the house to us at the same price__ they had promised,___ was rather disappointing.

A which; as

B as; that

C as; which

D that; that

B2.Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.

A that

B which

C what

D when

注意事项：1.that与which的区别

1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；

②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有the only, the very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时;⑤当主语是以who，which等开头的特殊疑问句时，用that e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it.

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.