【最高考】2015高考英语语法精讲+精练：专题八+定语从句常考点

专题八定语从句常考点定语从句是英语语法学习中的一大难关，也是高考中的常考点。

主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从句(特别是当先行词是整个句子时)，由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句等。

做有关定语从句题目时，一定要将先行词还原到从句里，看其在从句部分充当什么成分。

1关系代词和关系副词的基本用法[注]学习定语从句时，必须加强对从句句子结构的分析，切记关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。

用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：①I still remember the day ________ we studied together.I still remember the day ________ we spent together.②This is the factory ________ he used to work.This is the factory ________ we visited yesterday.This is the factory ________ makes this kind of car.③This is the reason ________ he explained.This is the reason ________ he failed in the exam.④I don't know the way ________ he used last time.I don't know the way ________ he solved the problem last time.【答案】①when；that/which/不填②where；that/which/不填；that/which ③that/which/不填；why ④that/which/不填；that/in which/不填2介词＋关系代词介词后只能用which指物，whom 指人，不可用that。

介词的选用可根据从句中相关词组确定，也可结合句意根据先行词确定。

该介词也可放在从句之尾。

用适当的“介词＋关系代词”填空：①He is the person ________ we should learn.②The bag ________ he put his books is lost.③The man ________ she is talking is a doctor.④The train ________ he was travelling was late.【答案】①from whom ②in/into which ③to/about whom ④on which3关系代词 as的用法用于限制性定语从句中：当先行词被so，as，such，the same所修饰时，关系代词用as指人或物，而不用which。

用于非限制性定语从句中：非限制性定语从句，特别是先行词是整个主句时，由which和as引导的非限制性定语从句，是高考命题的热点。

[注] as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面；as引导的从句有“正如”之意，而which则没此意。

用适当的关系词填空：①This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry.This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry it .②This is the same place ________ I visited three years ago.This is the same place ________ I worked three years ago.③He failed in the exam，________ made his father very angry.He failed in the exam，________ I had expected.④A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.【答案】①as；that ②as；where ③which；as ④as4并列句和非限制性定语从句的判断并列句是由两个简单句组成的，句子中间必须要有并列连词；而定语从句是由主句和从句构成的。

完成下列句子：①He has two brothers，and both of ________ are workers.He has two brothers，both of ________ are workers.②China has hundreds of islands，the largest of ________ is Taiwan.China has hundreds of islands，and the largest of ________ is Taiwan.③He may not come，in ________ case we will not wait for him.He may not come and in ________ case we will not wait for him.【答案】①them；whom ②which；them ③which；that5先行词模糊化表地点的先行词模糊化在句中作状语时用关系副词where，相当于in which；在句中作主语和宾语仍用关系代词。

常见的词有：point，situation，position，profession，job，case，system，scene，activity，society，culture，strategy，model，accident，economy，crime等；常见的表时间的词有：period，occasion，stage，interval，stay等。

用适当的关系词填空：①This is one point ________ we must insist on.I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.②Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.【答案】①that/which/不填；where ②when6定语从句中的数要保持一致关系代词指代的是先行词，因此定语从句中的谓语在数上应与先行词保持一致。

完成下列句子：①Those who ________(break) the law should be punished.＝Anyone who ________(break)the law should be punished.＝Whoever ________(break) the law should be punished.②He is one of the students who ________praised at yesterday's meeting. He is the one of the students who ________praised at yesterday's meeting.【答案】①break；breaks；breaks ②were；was7定语从句中含有插入语定语从句和先行词之间常常会有I think，you know，I believe，I thought 等插入语。

做此类题目时，我们要先去除插入语，再选择正确的关系词。

完成下列句子：①This is the school ________ you know I once studied.②I picked up a man ________ I thought was honest.＝I picked up a man ________ I thought to be honest.③He made a discovery，________(我认为) is very important.【答案】①where ②who；that/who/whom/不填③which I think8只能用that 或which的情况只用that 的场合：①当先行词既指人又指物时。

②当先行词是不定代词anything，nothing，everything，all，some，little，few，much，none 或被不定代词修饰时。

③当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。

④当先行词被the only和the very所修饰时。

⑤当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。

⑥当要避免与疑问词which重复时。

只用which 的场合：①“介词＋which”，指物。

②非限制性定语从句中。

③防止重复。

④指人的性质身份时，而不是指人时。

用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：①He told us all ________ had happened.②This is the most interesting film________ I have ever seen.③This is the first place ________ we visited yesterday.This is the first place ________ we worked.④This is the only plant ________ grows in the area.The earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually.⑤The glasses without ________ he couldn't see clearly were lost.⑥I said nothing，________ made him angry.【答案】①that ②that/不填③that/不填；where ④that；where ⑤which ⑥which9关系代词whose的用法在高考中，关系代词whose的考点频繁出现。