2015考研【英语一】作文真题及范文
2015年考研英语一写作
2015年考研英语一写作2015年考研英语一写作真题及范文Title: The Changing Face of Public TransportationAs society becomes increasingly reliant on technology, the way we commute is also evolving. Public transportation, a vital component of urban infrastructure, is witnessing significant changes that not only impact the way we travel but also have broader implications for sustainable development.In the past, public transportation systems were primarily focused on providing efficient and cost-effective modes of travel for the masses. Buses and trains were the primary modes, offering fixed routes and timetables. However, with the advent of new technologies, this traditional model is being challenged.One such technological innovation is the rise of on-demand transportation services, such as ride-hailing apps and car-sharing programs. These services allow passengers to book a ride using theirsmartphones, providing flexibility and convenience. This shift has led to a decrease in the reliance on fixed routes and timetables, giving passengers more control over their travel experience.Moreover, the integration of technology into public transportation is not limited to on-demand services. Real-time data tracking and analytics are also playing a pivotal role in enhancing the efficiency of public transportation systems. This data allows operators to identify bottlenecks and optimize routes, ensuring a smoother and more reliable service.The changes in public transportation not only offer conveniences to passengers but also contribute to environmental sustainability. By reducing individual car use, these innovative modes of transportation encourage a shift towards more sustainable modes of travel, such as public transport, cycling, and walking. This shift can help mitigate the negative impact of automobile emissions on the environment.In conclusion, the changing face of public transportation is a manifestation of technology’s influence on urban development. As we continue to explore and adopt new technologies, the role ofpublic transportation in sustainable urban planning will become even more critical. It offers an opportunity to reimagine the way we travel and create more inclusive and environmentally friendly transportation systems for the future.。
2015年考研英语一真题及答案
2015年考研英语一真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cou sins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is_ (1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has_(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted_(3)_1,932 unique subjects which_(4)_pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years ,with social environment being a major _(17)_factor .The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar _(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrass ing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can ri se above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today –embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserve d the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D] ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D] The nobility’s adherence to their privi leges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information — is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate th e Fourth Amendment when they sift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle do esn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices shoul d not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[B] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[C] check suspects’ phone contents without being a uthorized.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] disapproval.[B] indifference.[C] tolerance.[D]cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone content s is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handling one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected.[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.[C] California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.[D] principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis i n scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group. He says he expects the boa rd to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journ als such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journalsshould also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can veri fy the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to[A] found.[B] marked.[C] revised.[D] stored.33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A] pose a threat to all its peers.[B] meet with strong opposition.[C] increase Science’s circulation.[D] set an example for other journals.34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now[A] adds to researchers’ workload.[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.[C] has room for further improvement.[D] is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Ed itors’ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions” Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a coll ective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ”in society should be profit and the market .But “it’s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit ”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International , shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes –finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, title has become normal that well—paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D] the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books’s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fitinto each of the numbered blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your explicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even poi ntless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it. (45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our genderethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D] In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E] You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F] In plays，novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G] Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Section III TranslationDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly onANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart ADirections: You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Minginstead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)手机时代的聚会【参考答案】【1-5】DBCAC 【6-10】ADABD 【11-15】BABDC 【16-20】CBDCA 【21-25】DABBC 【26-30】CAACB 【31-35】BBDCA 【36-40】ABCAC 【41-45】CEGBA【翻译参考译文】46.在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次（移民）运动在一片荒野上建立了一个国家，并且就本质而言，塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
2015研究生英语一作文
2015研究生英语一作文In recent years, there has been a growing concern over the issue of climate change. Climate change refers to the long-term shifts in weather patterns that result in significant changes to the Earth's climate system. This phenomenon is largely attributed to human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. The consequences of climate change are far-reaching and have the potential to affect various aspects of human life.One of the most visible impacts of climate change is the rise in global temperatures. This leads to a series of problems, including more frequent and intense heatwaves, extreme weather events such as hurricanes and typhoons, and the melting of polar ice caps. Rising temperatures also contribute to the rising sea levels, threatening coastal areas and increasing the risk of flooding.Climate change also poses a substantial threat to ecosystems and biodiversity. As temperatures rise, many species struggle to adapt and face the risk of extinction. This not only disrupts the delicate balance of ecosystems but also has a profound impact on human societies, as we rely on ecological services such as food and clean water.Furthermore, climate change has significant implications for agriculture. Changes in rainfall patterns and temperature fluctuations can disrupt crop production, leading to food shortages and price hikes. This not only affects food security but also has economic repercussions.It is crucial for the international community to take collectiveaction to combat climate change. Governments must implement policies that promote sustainable practices and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Investing in renewable energy sources and promoting energy efficiency are essential steps towards a more sustainable future. Moreover, individuals can make a difference by adopting eco-friendly habits and reducing their carbon footprint. In conclusion, climate change is a pressing issue that demands immediate attention. Its impacts are already being felt and will only worsen if we fail to take action. Through collective efforts, we can mitigate the effects of climate change and create a more sustainable and resilient planet for future generations.。
2015年考研英语作文 真题及范文
SectionⅢ Writing51.You are going to host a club reading session.Write anemail of about 100 word s recommending a book to theclub mrs.You should state reasons for your recommendations.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the text. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)52.Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture. In your essay , youshould1) describe the picture briefly.2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)参考译文：51.Dear club mrs,As the next reading session is scheduled to be launched in two days, its a great honor for me totake the opportunity to present you a book worth reading-The Wealth of Nations b y Adam Smith.Through reflection over economics at the beginning of Industrial Revolution, the writer h aselaborated on the fundamental principles of capitalism at work with insightful concepti ons andeloquent speeches. Besides, the book has stood the test of time by repeated quo tations andcritical reviews from following researchers, exerting profound influences on an yone engaged in thefield of capitalist market.I believe reading such a classical book from an authoritative writer will produce a life-enri ching andthought-provoking effect for all club mrs.52.As is depicted above, a number of young people are having a gathering of friends, but in stead oftalking with each other, each of them is addicted to his or her mobile phone. The lower part of thepicture, we can see some Chinese characters which read the meeting in mobile-phone era.Undoubtedly, the author of the picture aims at reminding us of the double edge of the ce ll phone.It is well known that thanks to the development of human civilization, many for merly unimaginablethings come into reality. A case in point is the mobile phones. We mu st admit that the smart phoneindeed dramatically changes our life. However, if used impr operly, the mobile phones also can bringunhealthy side-effects, and imperil face to face c ommunication between people. It is not too muchto say that being over-addicted to mobi le phones will cost our health, wisdom, creativity, friendshipand even our ability to live.Weighing the pros and cons of both sides, perhaps the best policy is to regulate it in suc h a way asto maximize its advantages. At the same time, we must avoid its harmful part. Furthermore, youngpeople should be advised that spending too much time in using sma rt phones is bad for them.原文出处：/html/exam/graduateschool/20141229/94759.html。
2015英语全国卷1作文
2015英语全国卷1作文Dear Editor,I am writing to express my deep concern regarding the increasing number of people who are addicted to online games. As a high school student, I have witnessed firsthand the negative impact this addiction can have on both the mental and physical health of young people.Firstly, the excessive time spent on online games can lead to a decline in academic performance. Many students become so engrossed in the virtual world that they neglect their studies, resulting in poor grades and a lack of motivation to improve.Secondly, online gaming addiction can also have serious health implications. Sitting for long periods in front of a computer screen can cause physical discomfort, such as back pain and eye strain. Moreover, the lack of physical activity associated with excessive gaming can contribute to obesity and other health problems.Furthermore, the social isolation that often accompanies online gaming addiction can lead to emotional and psychological issues. Young people who spend most of their time in the virtual world may find it difficult to form and maintain real-life relationships, which can result infeelings of loneliness and depression.To address this issue, I believe that schools and parents should work together to raise awareness about the dangers of online gaming addiction. Schools can organize educational campaigns and provide counseling services to help students overcome their addiction. Parents, on the other hand, should monitor their children's online activities and encourage them to engage in healthier hobbies and interests.In conclusion, the problem of online gaming addiction among young people is a serious concern that requires immediate attention. By taking proactive measures, we can help ensure that our youth lead a balanced life and develop into responsible and healthy adults.Yours sincerely,[Your Name]。
2015年考研英语一作文
The2015Graduate Entrance Examination English I composition section in China typically requires candidates to write an essay based on a given topic,which often revolves around current social issues,cultural phenomena,or personal development.Here is a sample essay that could be written for the2015exam,assuming the topic is about the importance of lifelong learning in the digital age.Title:The Imperative of Lifelong Learning in the Digital EraIn the rapidly evolving digital age,the concept of lifelong learning has gained unprecedented significance.The world is not only becoming more interconnected but also more complex,necessitating a continuous process of education and skill development to keep pace with the times.This essay aims to explore the reasons behind the necessity of lifelong learning and its implications for individuals and society as a whole.Firstly,the exponential growth of knowledge and the swift obsolescence of skills are the primary drivers of the need for continuous learning.The digital revolution has led to an information explosion,where new discoveries and innovations occur at an unprecedented rate.As a result,the skills that were once in high demand may quickly become outdated, making it imperative for individuals to engage in ongoing education to remain relevant in their fields.Secondly,the digital age has democratized access to education,making lifelong learning more accessible than ever before.With the advent of online courses,Massive Open Online Courses MOOCs,and digital libraries,individuals can now acquire knowledge and skills from the comfort of their homes,without the constraints of time and geographical location.This has opened up opportunities for people from all walks of life to pursue education and upskill,regardless of their circumstances.Moreover,lifelong learning fosters adaptability and resilience in individuals.In a world where job security is increasingly uncertain,the ability to adapt to new roles and industries is crucial.By engaging in continuous learning,individuals can develop a diverse skill set that allows them to navigate the everchanging job market with greater ease and confidence.The societal benefits of lifelong learning are also profound.A society that values and encourages continuous education is likely to be more innovative,competitive,and economically robust.As individuals upskill and contribute to the workforce with theirnewly acquired knowledge,the overall productivity and creativity of the society are enhanced.However,the path to a culture of lifelong learning is not without its challenges. Traditional educational institutions may need to adapt their curricula and teaching methods to cater to the needs of adult learners.Additionally,there is a need for greater awareness and support systems to help individuals overcome the barriers to lifelong learning,such as time constraints,financial limitations,and lack of access to resources.In conclusion,the digital age presents both opportunities and challenges for lifelong learning.It is essential for individuals to embrace the concept of continuous education to remain competitive and relevant in the job market.Furthermore,society as a whole must support and facilitate this process by providing accessible and flexible learning opportunities.Only through a collective commitment to lifelong learning can we hope to harness the full potential of the digital age and build a more knowledgeable,adaptable, and prosperous society.。
2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析
2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。
2015考研英语真题：英语一作文范文
2015考研英语真题：英语一作文范文2015考研英语真题：英语一作文范文【参考范文】It is often said that smartphones have made our lives easier. Thanks to these handy devices, we can take our work with us anywhere. However, this isn’t necessarily a good thing.A recent survey found that two-thirds of office workers continued to work on their smartphones outside office hours. These so-called “screen slaves” are glued to their smartphones on the way home and at home. This can lead to health problems. For example, using a smartphone on the train or sofa can cause back and neck pain. What’s more, looking at a small screen for a long time can cause vision problems.In Taiwan, there was even a man who lost the use of his index finger because he played games on his smartphone for up to six hours a day. People who use their smartphones too often also complain of headaches, increased stress, and losing sleep at night. So perhaps we need to learn to be less dependent on our smartphones, and put them down once in a while.【Vocabulary】handy adj.便利的The repairman takes his handy tools with him everywhere he goes.这位修理工不论到哪里都随身携带他的便利工具。
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2015考研英语作文真题及范文
Part A
51. Directions:
you are going to hold a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.
You should state reasons for your recommendation.
You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming " instead. Do not write the address .(10 points)
Dear friends，
I am writing to tell you about a fantastic book I have just read, as we always share the same taste of books.
The book is called Journey to the West, which tells us a story that four monks conquered multiple handicaps to achieve their final destination. Besides the touching and thrilling plot, the book also features humorous languages, thanks to the talented author.
So I recommend it to all of you as one of the favorite books that I have ever read. I am sure you will love it as much as I do. I am looking forward to discussing more with you after you read it.
Yours sincerely,
o Li Ming
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture.in your essay, you should
1. describe the pictures briefly,
2. interpret its intended meaning, and
3. give your comments.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET . (20 points)
A group of friends, boys or girls, are having a dinner party while each one of them is checking messages in their mobile phones without saying a word to one another, leaving the dishes untouched.We are informed that this is a gathering in the era of mobile phone.
The above picture unveils a common social phenomenon and the symbolic meaning of the photo is the effect of the mobile phone on people's way of life. Undoubtedly, the phone provides us with considerable convenience, making many things possible which are beyond our dreams. As a communication tool, the phone makes us closer than ever before by providing immediate communication. Meanwhile, there are negative effects on our personal life. As is shown in the picture, people are imprisoned in their own world! They choose contacting online rather than communicating face to face.
Accordingly, enjoying the convenience provided by the phones, we should bear in mind that human beings are social beings who need real interpersonal interactions! Joint efforts are needed to ensure people to have face-to-face communication! I believe a harmonious relationship between friends is awaiting us if we set aside our mobile phones and enjoy the untouched meal!。