中医英语病案写作
中医病案英语书写格式(精)
TCM RECORDING
Medical Record of TCM Inspection, Auscultation and olfaction, Pulse-feeling and Palpation： clear consciousness and cooperation, painful expression, emotional fatigue, pallor complexion, pathologic leanness, dim complexion, eyeballs without icterus, puffy eyelid, dry lips with dim color, weak voice, short breath, occasional attacks of cough with sticky and whitish sputum which being difficult to expectorate, fully distending jugular vein, edema in the lower extremities, labial angle deviated to the right side, the tongue protruded in the left side, hemiplegia on the left-side of. the body. Picture Of the tongue: enlarged body of the tongue, it protruded in the left side, dark and pale tongue with light yellow and greasy fur on the central part. Pulse conditi
中医英语作文模板万能
中医英语作文模板万能英文回答：Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): A Comprehensive Overview。
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a comprehensive system of healthcare that has been used in China for thousands of years. It is based on the belief that the human body is an interconnected system of Qi (vital energy) and blood, and that imbalances in these elements can lead to illness. TCM practitioners use a variety of techniques to diagnose and treat imbalances, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, massage, and dietary therapy.Acupuncture is the insertion of fine needles into specific points on the body in order to stimulate Qi flow and relieve pain.Herbal medicine is the use of plants and other naturalsubstances to treat illness. TCM practitioners often prescribe combinations of herbs to achieve specific therapeutic effects.Massage is the application of pressure to the body in order to improve circulation and relieve tension.Dietary therapy is the use of food to promote health and prevent disease. TCM practitioners believe that certain foods have specific healing properties and can be used to treat specific ailments.TCM has been shown to be effective in treating a wide range of conditions, including pain, headaches, digestive problems, and anxiety. It is also becoming increasingly popular as a complementary therapy to conventional Western medicine.Principles of TCM。
中医治疗方案英文
Introduction:Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a comprehensive system of medicine that has been practiced in China for thousands of years. It focuses on the holistic treatment of the body, mind, and spirit, aiming to restore balance and harmony. This treatment plan will outline the various methods and techniques used in TCM to address different health conditions.I. Diagnosis and AssessmentThe first step in a TCM treatment plan is to diagnose and assess the patient's condition. TCM doctors use a combination of pulse diagnosis, tongue diagnosis, and observation to understand the root cause of the illness. This information helps them develop a personalized treatment plan tailored to the individual's specific needs.II. AcupunctureAcupuncture is one of the most well-known TCM treatments. It involves inserting fine needles into specific points on the body to stimulate the flow of Qi (vital energy). This process aims to balance the body's energy and promote healing. Acupuncture can be used to treat a wide range of conditions, including pain, stress, insomnia, and digestive disorders.III. Chinese HerbsChinese herbs are another essential component of TCM treatment. These herbs are believed to have medicinal properties and are used to address specific health issues. A TCM doctor will prescribe a combination of herbs based on the patient's diagnosis. The herbs can be taken in various forms, such as powders, teas, or capsules.IV. Tai Chi and QigongTai Chi and Qigong are practices that involve slow, deliberate movements and breathing exercises. These exercises help improve flexibility, balance, and mental well-being. They also enhance the flow of Qi in the body, promoting overall health and preventing disease.V. Diet and Lifestyle ModificationsTCM emphasizes the importance of diet and lifestyle in maintaining health. A TCM doctor will provide dietary recommendations based on the patient's specific constitution and condition. These recommendations may include avoiding certain foods, incorporating specific nutrients, and adopting healthy habits, such as regular exercise and adequate sleep.VI. CuppingCupping is a therapeutic technique that involves placing cups on the skin to create suction. This process aims to improve circulation,relieve muscle tension, and promote healing. Cupping can be used totreat various conditions, including back pain, arthritis, andrespiratory disorders.VII. MoxibustionMoxibustion is a method that involves burning moxa (a substance made from dried mugwort) near the skin's surface. This process generates heat and promotes the flow of Qi. Moxibustion can be used to treat a wide range of conditions, including infertility, colds, and flu.VIII. Massage and BodyworkTCM includes various massage and bodywork techniques to address musculoskeletal issues, improve circulation, and promote relaxation. These techniques may include acupressure, shiatsu, and tui na. A TCM doctor will determine the most appropriate technique based on thepatient's needs.IX. Psychological SupportTCM recognizes the importance of mental health in overall well-being. A TCM doctor may provide psychological support through counseling or other techniques to help patients cope with stress, anxiety, and depression.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese Medicine offers a comprehensive approach to healthcare that focuses on the holistic treatment of the body, mind, andspirit. By combining various techniques such as acupuncture, Chinese herbs, diet, and lifestyle modifications, TCM aims to restore balance and harmony, promoting long-term health and well-being. This treatment plan serves as a guideline for individuals seeking TCM as a means to improve their health and quality of life.。
介绍中医英语作文80词
介绍中医英语作文篇 1Traditional Chinese Medicine, or TCM, is an ancient and profound medical system that has been practiced for thousands of years. It offers a unique perspective on health and healing.The basic concept of TCM is based on the idea of maintaining a balance between Yin and Yang within the body. For instance, when a person experiences excessive stress and fatigue, it may disrupt this balance. TCM would aim to restore it through various methods.One of the well-known treatment approaches in TCM is acupuncture. It involves inserting fine needles at specific points on the body to stimulate energy flow and promote healing. This method is believed to regulate the body's functions and relieve pain and discomfort.Another important aspect is Chinese herbal medicine. Different herbs are combined based on their properties and effects to treat various ailments. These herbs are carefully selected and formulated to address the root cause of the problem.For example, in cases of insomnia, a combination of herbs might be prescribed to calm the mind and improve sleep quality.In conclusion, TCM provides a holistic and individualized approach to healthcare, focusing on prevention and overall well-being rather than just treating symptoms. It continues to play a significant role in promoting health and treating diseases around the world.篇 2Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been renowned for its unique advantages in disease prevention. One of the key aspects is the emphasis on dietary regulation. For instance, a balanced diet based on TCM principles, such as consuming appropriate amounts of warm and nourishing foods in different seasons, can enhance the body's resistance to diseases. Moreover, lifestyle habits play a crucial role. Adequate sleep, moderate exercise, and stress management are all advocated in TCM to maintain a harmonious internal environment and prevent the occurrence of illnesses.Another remarkable feature of TCM is its diagnostic approach of observing, listening, questioning, and touching. Through careful examination of a person's complexion, tongue coating, voice, and pulse, TCM practitioners can detect early signs of diseases even before obvious symptoms appear. This enables timely intervention and preventive measures to be taken.For example, if a person's pulse is found to be irregular or weak during the pulse diagnosis, it might indicate an underlying imbalance in the body's energy flow. By adjusting the diet, lifestyle, and using appropriate herbal remedies, the potential disease can be prevented from developing.In conclusion, TCM offers valuable and effective methods for disease prevention, providing a holistic approach to maintaining health and well-being.篇 3Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long and glorious history that dates back thousands of years. It has been an integral part of Chinese culture and has made significant contributions to the health and well-being of people.One of the most renowned ancient practitioners of TCM was Hua Tuo. He wasknown for his expertise in surgery and developed innovative methods for treating various ailments. His work laid the foundation for the development of surgical techniques within TCM.In modern society, TCM has continued to evolve and adapt. It combines traditional theories and practices with modern scientific research and technology. For example, TCM practitioners now use advanced diagnostic tools to better understand patients' conditions. They also collaborate with Western medicine to provide comprehensive and personalized healthcare.The use of herbal remedies, acupuncture, and moxibustion has become more refined and targeted. TCM has also expanded its reach globally, with many people around the world showing interest in its natural and holistic approach to healing.In conclusion, TCM has not only withstood the test of time but also continues to thrive and innovate, offering hope and relief to countless individuals seeking alternative and effective healthcare solutions.篇 4Traditional Chinese Medicine, an ancient and profound medical system, has its unique charm and advantages when compared to Western medicine. Western medicine often relies on advanced technologies and chemical drugs to treat diseases directly and quickly. However, Traditional Chinese Medicine takes a more holistic approach.For instance, when it comes to treating chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes, Traditional Chinese Medicine focuses not only on alleviating the symptoms but also on regulating the body's internal balance. It uses various methods such as acupuncture, herbal medicine, and massage to improve the body's overall health and enhance its self-healing ability.In the aspect of rehabilitation and conditioning, Traditional Chinese Medicineplays an indispensable role. After a serious illness or surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine can help patients recover their vitality through methods like moxibustion and dietary therapy. It emphasizes the prevention of diseases and the maintenance of good health, which is a significant difference from Western medicine that mainly focuses on treating diseases after they occur.In conclusion, Traditional Chinese Medicine, with its unique theories and practices, provides valuable options and complements to the modern medical field.篇 5Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has gained significant influence and popularity worldwide. In countries like Japan and South Korea, TCM has been integrated into their healthcare systems for many years and is highly respected. For instance, acupuncture, a key component of TCM, is widely practiced and accepted in these regions.In Europe and North America, there has also been a growing interest in TCM. Research institutions and universities are conducting in-depth studies on the efficacy and mechanisms of TCM treatments. The use of herbal remedies and therapeutic massage has become more common among people seeking alternative healthcare options.International organizations such as the World Health Organization have recognized the value of TCM and are promoting its integration into global healthcare. This recognition has led to increased collaboration between TCM practitioners and Western medical professionals.The spread of TCM is not only due to its therapeutic effects but also because it emphasizes a holistic approach to health, focusing on balancing the body and mind. As the world becomes more open to diverse medical systems, TCM is set to play an even greater role in improving global health.。
医学英语病历写作范文
医学英语病历写作范文Chief Complaint: Patient presents with chest pain and shortness of breath for 3 days.History of Present Illness: The patient, a 55-year-old male, reports experiencing sudden onset of chest pain 3 days ago. The pain is described as sharp and crushing, radiating to the left arm. He also reports associated shortness of breath and diaphoresis. The symptoms are aggravated with physical activity and alleviated with rest. There is no history of similar episodes in the past.Past Medical History: The patient has a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. He is on regular medications including amlodipine and atorvastatin.Family History: The patient's father had a history of myocardial infarction at the age of 60. His mother has hypertension and diabetes.Social History: The patient is a non-smoker and denies alcohol or recreational drug use. He is currently employed as a manager and reports moderate stress at work.Review of Systems: The patient denies any recent weight changes, fever, or chills. There is no history of cough, sputum production, or hemoptysis. He denies any gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain.Physical Examination:- Vital signs: Blood pressure 140/90 mmHg, heart rate 90 bpm, respiratory rate 20 breaths per minute, oxygen saturation 96% on room air.- General: The patient appears uncomfortable and diaphoretic.- Cardiovascular: Regular rhythm, no murmurs, rubs, or gallops. Capillary refill time is less than 2 seconds.- Respiratory: Clear breath sounds bilaterally, no wheezing or crackles.Assessment and Plan:1. Rule out acute coronary syndrome: The patient's presentation is concerning for acute coronary syndrome given the symptoms of chest pain, shortness of breath, anddiaphoresis. ECG and cardiac enzymes will be obtained to evaluate for myocardial ischemia.2. Blood pressure management: The patient's blood pressure is elevated, and optimization of antihypertensive medications will be addressed.3. Lipid management: Given the patient's history of hyperlipidemia, lipid panel will be obtained to assess for dyslipidemia and adjust medications as needed.4. Stress management: The patient's moderate stress at work will be addressed through counseling and potential referral to a stress management program.中文病历：主诉：患者因胸痛和呼吸急促已3天。
中医问题作文英语模板
中医问题作文英语模板英文回答：Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Comprehensive Overview。
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an ancient system of healthcare that has been practiced in China for thousands of years. It is based on the belief that the human body is a microcosm of the universe, and that healthis achieved by balancing the opposing forces of yin and yang. TCM uses a variety of modalities to achieve this balance, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, massage, and dietary therapy.TCM is a holistic system of medicine that takes into account the whole person, not just the symptoms of their illness. This means that TCM practitioners will typically ask about your lifestyle, diet, and emotional well-being in addition to examining your physical symptoms. TCM is also based on the principle of prevention, and many TCMpractitioners recommend lifestyle changes and dietary modifications to help prevent illness.TCM is a complex and multifaceted system of medicinethat cannot be fully explained in a single article. However, the following are some of the key concepts of TCM:Yin and yang: Yin and yang are two opposing forcesthat are believed to exist in all things. Yin is associated with coolness, darkness, and passivity, while yang is associated with warmth, light, and activity. Health is achieved by balancing yin and yang.Qi: Qi is a vital energy that flows through the body.It is responsible for the proper functioning of the organs and bodily systems. TCM practitioners use acupuncture and other modalities to regulate the flow of qi.Blood: Blood is another important substance in TCM. It is responsible for nourishing the organs and tissues. TCM practitioners use herbal medicine and dietary therapy to improve blood circulation.Organs: TCM recognizes five major organs: the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys. Each organ is associated with a particular element (wood, fire, earth, metal, or water) and a particular function. TCM practitioners use acupuncture and herbal medicine to treat imbalances in the organs.TCM is a complex and ancient system of medicine that has been used to treat a wide variety of illnesses. It is a holistic system that takes into account the whole person, not just the symptoms of their illness. TCM is based on the principle of prevention, and many TCM practitioners recommend lifestyle changes and dietary modifications to help prevent illness.中文回答：中医，一个全面的概述。
英语作文介绍中医疗法
英语作文介绍中医疗法Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a comprehensive system of medical care that has been practiced in China for thousands of years. It includes a range of traditional practices, such as acupuncture, herbal medicine, massage (tui na), and dietary therapy.Acupuncture is one of the most well-known components of TCM. It involves the insertion of thin needles intospecific points on the body to promote the flow of energy, or "qi," and restore balance within the body. This practice is commonly used to treat pain, digestive issues, and even mental health conditions.Herbal medicine is another important aspect of TCM. Practitioners use a combination of plant-based ingredients to create individualized formulas that are tailored to each patient's specific health needs. These herbal remedies can be used to address a wide range of health concerns, from chronic illnesses to acute conditions.In addition to acupuncture and herbal medicine, TCM also emphasizes the importance of lifestyle and dietary choicesin maintaining good health. TCM practitioners often provide guidance on nutrition and lifestyle modifications to support the body's natural healing processes.TCM has gained popularity worldwide for its holistic approach to health and well-being. Many people seek out TCM treatments as an alternative or complement to conventional Western medicine. In recent years, TCM has been the focus of scientific research, with studies supporting its effectiveness in treating various conditions.中医疗法是中国数千年来一直在实践的一种全面的医疗体系。
类风湿性关节炎中医病历范文
类风湿性关节炎中医病历范文英文版Rheumatoid Arthritis Traditional Chinese Medicine Case ReportRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. It is characterized by inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the affected joints, which can lead to joint damage and disability if left untreated. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers a holistic approach to treating RA, focusing on restoring balance and harmony in the body.Case Report:Patient Information:Name: Mrs. LiAge: 45Gender: FemaleChief Complaint: Joint pain and stiffness in both hands and knees for the past 6 months.History of Present Illness:Mrs. Li first noticed pain and stiffness in her hands and knees 6 months ago. The pain is worse in the morning and improves throughout the day with movement. She also experiences fatigue and difficulty performing daily activities due to the pain and stiffness.Medical History:Mrs. Li has a history of rheumatoid arthritis in her family. She has not been diagnosed with any other chronic illnesses.Physical Examination:- Swelling and tenderness in the joints of both hands and knees- Limited range of motion in the affected joints- Warmth and redness in the affected jointsTCM Diagnosis:- Blood stasis and dampness accumulation in the joints- Kidney and liver deficiency leading to joint weaknessTCM Treatment Plan:- Acupuncture and moxibustion to promote blood circulation and relieve pain- Herbal medicine to clear dampness and tonify the kidneys and liver- Dietary and lifestyle recommendations to support overall health and well-beingFollow-Up:After 3 months of TCM treatment, Mrs. Li reported significant improvement in her joint pain and stiffness. Her energy levels have increased, and she is able to perform daily activities with less difficulty. She continues to follow the TCM treatment plan and is committed to maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Conclusion:TCM offers a safe and effective treatment option for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. By addressing the underlying imbalances in the body, TCM can help alleviate symptoms, improve quality of life, and prevent disease progression.中文翻译：类风湿性关节炎中医病历范文类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，主要影响关节。
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病因病机——实证
经期产后，外感寒邪
血为寒凝
冲任欠通，血海 不能如期满溢
过服寒凉
运行涩滞
素多忧郁 气机不宣
血为气滞，运行不畅
冲任受阻，血海 不能如期满盈
诊断
病史：禀赋不足，或感寒饮冷、情志不遂史。 临床表现: “定义”，连续2个周期以上。 检查：妇检: 无异常或子宫稍小。
辅助检查：BBT、性激素、B超。
鉴别诊断
1.早孕 2.妊娠期出血病证
辨证论治
1. 辨证要点：根据月经的量、色、质及全身 证候结合舌脉以辨虚、实、寒、热。 1. 治疗原则：以调整周期为主， 虚者补之，实者泄之。
1、肾虚
妇科证候：周期延后，量少，色黯淡，质
清稀，或带下清稀。 全身证候：肾虚证候。 舌 脉：舌淡，苔薄白，脉沉细。 治 法：补肾养血调经。 方 药：当归地黄饮。
1. 改写原版，缩短至2500字母以内 2. 保留阳性资料 – 确诊依据
3. 保留阴性资料 – 除外诊断
4. 其余删除 5. 格式按照教学
效果
1. 每组评选优秀写作一篇 2. 优秀者大幅度加分 3. 以优秀者为剧本，每组表演病例讨论
4. 邀请领导观摩，并拍录像
中医病案书写格式
中医病案书写格式
中医病案书写格式
病案
1. 于XX，24岁，女，未婚。 2. 主诉：月经稀发3年。 3. 现病史：患者3年前因自认为肥胖 ,又服 药 , 又节食 , 后身体渐瘦 , 饮食少 , 胃口差 , 而后月经周期错后，一般3至5个月来潮 一次，行经 3~4 天，经色淡 , 质稀 , 无块， 经期伴下腹空坠隐痛，平素头晕眼花 , 疲乏无力，心悸。面色黄无华 , 舌淡， 脉细。
熟地 山茱萸 山药 当归 杜仲 怀牛膝 甘草
2、血虚
妇科证候：周期延后，量少，色淡，质清
稀，或小腹绵绵作痛。
全身证候；血虚证候。 舌 脉：舌淡，脉细弱。 治 法：补血益气调经。 方 药：大补元煎加川芎。
人参 炙甘草 当归 熟地 杞子 杜仲 山茱萸 山药
3、血寒（1）虚寒证
妇科证候：月经延后，量少，色淡红，质清稀，
月经后期-目的要求
掌握:月经后期的定义及辨证 论治。 熟悉：月经后期的病因病机, 诊断与鉴别诊断
1.
定义：
2. 月经周期延后7天以上，甚至3～5 月一行者。连续出现两个周期以上。
3. 本病首见于《金匮要略》 1. 西医学的功能失调性子宫出血出现 月经延后。
病因病机
（肾虚、血虚、虚寒）
精血不足，冲任不充（虚） （血寒、气滞）血行不畅，冲任受阻（实）
血海不能按时满盈
病 因 病 机
肾虚
血虚
血寒
虚 实
冲 任 不 充 血 行 不 畅
虚寒
实寒 气滞
病因病机——虚证
先天肾气不足，
房劳多产
损伤肾气，肾虚精亏
血少，冲任不足
体质素弱，营血不足
久病失血，产育过多
营血 不足
冲任不充
脾气虚弱，化源不足
素体阳虚 阳虚内寒，脏腑失于温养，生
血海不能
按时满盈
久病伤阳
化失期，气虚血少，冲任不足
Contents (TCM)
9. TCM Therapy 注:经典引用不是为了文学 Principle (理): 授课可略；病案则详 Method (法): 少而精 Formula (方): 主方 验方 Medicines (药): • 主要药味-图谱 • 英文名与拉丁名 10.TCM (EBM):中医在循证医学评定中的地位 11. 与现代科研关系 (有则谈之, 避免牵强附会)
方
药：温经汤（《妇人大全良方》）。
当归 川芎 白芍 人参 丹皮 甘草 牛膝 肉桂 莪术
4 、气滞
妇科证候：月经周期延后，量 少或正
常，色黯红，或有血块，小腹胀痛。 全身证候：肝郁气滞证候。 舌 脉：舌正常或红，苔薄白或微黄， 脉弦或弦数。 治 法：理气行滞调经。 方 药：乌药汤。
乌药 香附 木香 当归 甘草
4. 国庆后交作业
5. 课程末排练表演
TCM Part：虚拟添加
1. 1. 问诊：《十问歌》 2. 基础，须与辩证 3. 有关者 4. 2. 舌像 5. 6. 3. 脉象 四诊包括 理法方药摄 病机 治疗原则 经典方剂 一最主要药味 加减药味 摄生
Western Medicine Part
1. 转归预后
2. 结语
3. 概念——月经周期延后7天以上， 甚至3～5月一行者。连续出现 两个周期以上。 4. 辨证——虚、实。 5. 治疗——调整周期为主。
Procedure
1. 翻译病史陈述，改写中西医病案首页 2. 翻译病例讨论，作出中西医版本，其中包括 中医的辩证论治 3. 有兴趣者，改写成中西医查房版本
1. Title
2. Glossary
3. Prevalence
4. Manifestation
5. Laboratory
简单
6. Other Diagnostic Aids
7. Diagnosis
8. Treatment (EBM)
详细以便与 中医比对
Contents (TCM)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Title (中医病症) Chronology (年代-名医-名言-图) Manifestation (偶字) Pathogenesis (病机，经典引用) TCM Diagnosis (少而精) Inspection (舌象-图谱) Inquiry、A&O (可略) Palpation (脉证-图谱-形象化)
中医病案英语书写格式
TCM RECORDING
Requirements for Admission Note & Case Discussion
杨明山
中医双语教学
Bilingual TCM
中医英语第一属性是“医”
中医病案写作
TCM Admission Note
开展实践性中医英语
Contents (Western M)
小腹隐痛，喜暖喜按。 全身证候：虚寒证候。
舌 治 方
脉：舌淡，苔白，脉沉迟或细弱。 法：扶阳祛寒调经。 药：温经汤《金匮要略》或艾附暖宫丸
温经汤：当归
生姜 川芎 白芍 人参 丹皮 甘草 麦冬 法夏 阿胶 桂枝 吴茱萸
（2） 实寒证
妇科证候：月经周期延后，量少，色黯有块，
小腹冷痛拒按，得热痛减。 全身证候：实寒证候。 舌 脉：舌淡黯，苔薄白，脉沉紧。 治 法：温经f TCM Inspection, Auscultation and olfaction, Pulse-feeling and Palpation： clear consciousness and cooperation, painful expression, emotional fatigue, pallor complexion, pathologic leanness, dim complexion, eyeballs without icterus, puffy eyelid, dry lips with dim color, weak voice, short breath, occasional attacks of cough with sticky and whitish sputum which being difficult to expectorate, fully distending jugular vein, edema in the lower extremities, labial angle deviated to the right side, the tongue protruded in the left side, hemiplegia on the left-side of. the body. Picture Of the tongue: enlarged body of the tongue, it protruded in the left side, dark and pale tongue with light yellow and greasy fur on the central part. Pulse condition: wiry and slippery, sunken pulse at both chi regions, Irregularity in sequence of pulse beat. Physical examination: T : 36.5℃; RP: 96beats/min; R: 24/min; BP: 16/10k pa. Normal development, poor nourishment, unpalpation of superficial lymph node, distending jugular vein, scattering bubbling sound in the base of the lung; heart rate 116 beats/min, rrhythmia, unequal intensity of heart sounds, laterally extending cardiac dullness area, thunder-like diastolic murmur audible in the cardiac apex and harsh and blowing systolic murmur of third degree, hepatomegaly by 4cm inferior to the rib, 6cm inferior to the xiphoid process, middling soft, slight press 16ain, pitting edema in the low extremities